TWI827218B

TWI827218B - Switch short-circuit diagnosis method

Info

Publication number: TWI827218B
Application number: TW111132333A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 胡凱維; 吳秉衡; 邢雷鍾
Original assignee: 台達電子工業股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-08-26
Filing date: 2022-08-26
Publication date: 2023-12-21
Also published as: TW202409591A

Abstract

A switch short-circuit diagnosis method includes steps of: determining an initial voltage interval of multiple voltage intervals according to voltage relationships of a voltage of a first phase, a voltage of a second phase, and a voltage of a third phase; performing a switch short-circuit diagnosis of a first bidirectional switch module in the three consecutive voltage intervals from the initial voltage interval, and including steps of: turning on a first switch branch, a second switch branch, or a third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module according to relationships of the voltage of the first phase, the voltage of the second phase, and the voltage of the third phase, determining whether an overcurrent occurs to diagnose whether first switch branch, a second switch branch, or a third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is in a short-circuit state, and performing switch short-circuit diagnosis for the next voltage interval.

Description

開關短路診斷方法 Switch short circuit diagnosis method

本發明係有關一種開關短路診斷方法，尤指一種應用於矩陣轉換器之開關短路的診斷方法。 The present invention relates to a switch short-circuit diagnosis method, in particular to a switch short-circuit diagnosis method applied to a matrix converter.

在轉換器電路架構中，例如矩陣轉換器(matrix converter or AC/AC converter)，操作時開關元件可能會受到過電流、過電壓等因素導致短路損壞。因此，在矩陣轉換器中，任何單一開關發生短路時，並無法從電壓與電流中觀察出來開關的異常。若在此情況下啟動操作，由於無法提早偵測開關的短路異常，而容易產生短路電流，而造成馬達或操作者的傷害。 In converter circuit architectures, such as matrix converters or AC/AC converters, switching elements may be damaged by short-circuit damage due to overcurrent, overvoltage and other factors during operation. Therefore, in a matrix converter, when any single switch is short-circuited, the abnormality of the switch cannot be observed from the voltage and current. If the operation is started under this condition, since the short-circuit abnormality of the switch cannot be detected in advance, a short-circuit current may easily occur, causing damage to the motor or the operator.

為此，如何設計出一種應用於矩陣轉換器之開關短路的診斷方法，解決現有技術所存在的問題與技術瓶頸，乃業界的重要課題。 For this reason, how to design a diagnostic method for switch short circuit applied to matrix converters and solve the problems and technical bottlenecks of the existing technology is an important issue in the industry.

本發明之目的在於提供一種開關短路診斷方法，解決現有技術之問題。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a switch short circuit diagnosis method to solve the problems of the existing technology.

為達成前揭目的，本發明所提出的開關短路診斷方法用以偵測偵測第一雙向開關模組之短路狀態，其中第一雙向開關模組包括第一開關支路、第二開關支路以及第三開關支路，且第一開關支路耦接至三相電源的第一相線，第二開關支路耦接至三相電源的第二相線，第三開關支路耦接至三相電源的第三相線，方法包括：根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係決定多個電壓區間中的起始電壓區間；以及從起始電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷，包括：根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係，導通第一雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路；判斷是否有過電流，以診斷第一雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路是否為短路狀態；以及進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷。 In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, the switch short circuit diagnosis method proposed by the present invention is used to detect the short circuit state of the first bidirectional switch module, where the first bidirectional switch module includes a first switch branch and a second switch branch. and a third switch branch, and the first switch branch is coupled to the first phase line of the three-phase power supply, the second switch branch is coupled to the second phase line of the three-phase power supply, and the third switch branch is coupled to The third of the three-phase power supply phase line, the method includes: determining the starting voltage interval among the multiple voltage intervals according to the voltage relationship of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line; and from the starting voltage interval to the three consecutive voltage intervals, respectively Performing switch short-circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module includes: conducting the first switch branch and the second switch of the first bidirectional switch module according to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line, and the third phase line. branch or the third switch branch; determine whether there is overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch, or the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is in a short-circuit state; and proceed to the next step Diagnostics of switch short circuits in voltage ranges.

藉由所提出的開關短路診斷方法，可提早於矩陣轉換器操作前，偵測是否發生開關短路異常的情事，而避免矩陣轉換器啟動後，因所產生的短路電流，對馬達或操作者造成傷害。 Through the proposed switch short-circuit diagnosis method, it is possible to detect whether an abnormal switch short-circuit occurs in advance before the operation of the matrix converter, thereby preventing the short-circuit current generated after the matrix converter is started from causing damage to the motor or the operator. damage.

為了能更進一步瞭解本發明為達成預定目的所採取之技術、手段及功效，請參閱以下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖，相信本發明之目的、特徵與特點，當可由此得一深入且具體之瞭解，然而所附圖式僅提供參考與說明用，並非用來對本發明加以限制者。 In order to further understand the technology, means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. It is believed that the purpose, features and characteristics of the present invention can be understood in depth and For specific understanding, however, the attached drawings are only for reference and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

20A:馬達 20A: Motor

11:第一雙向開關模組 11: The first two-way switch module

12:第二雙向開關模組 12: The second two-way switch module

13:第三雙向開關模組 13: The third two-way switch module

Sax1,Sbx1,Scx1:第一開關 Sax1,Sbx1,Scx1: first switch

Sax2,Sbx2,Scx2:第二開關 Sax2,Sbx2,Scx2: second switch

Sau1,Sbu1,Scu1:第一開關 Sau1,Sbu1,Scu1: first switch

Sau2,Sbu2,Scu2:第二開關 Sau2,Sbu2,Scu2: second switch

Sav1,Sbv1,Scv1:第一開關 Sav1,Sbv1,Scv1: first switch

Sav2,Sbv2,Scv2:第二開關 Sav2,Sbv2,Scv2: second switch

Saw1,Sbw1,Scw1:第一開關 Saw1,Sbw1,Scw1: first switch

Saw2,Sbw2,Scw2:第二開關 Saw2,Sbw2,Scw2: second switch

Va:第一相線的電壓 Va: voltage of the first phase line

Vb:第二相線的電壓 Vb: voltage of the second phase line

Vc:第三相線的電壓 Vc: The voltage of the third phase line

~

:電壓區間

~

:Voltage range

圖1為本發明矩陣轉換器的電路圖。 Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the matrix converter of the present invention.

圖2為本發明根據三相線所決定的六個電壓區間的示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of six voltage intervals determined by the present invention based on three-phase lines.

圖3A~3F為本發明第一實施例開關模組在不同電壓區間下之狀態的示意圖。 3A to 3F are schematic diagrams of states of the switch module in different voltage ranges according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

圖4A~4F為本發明第二實施例開關模組在不同電壓區間下之狀態的示意圖。 4A to 4F are schematic diagrams of states of the switch module in different voltage ranges according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

圖5A~5C為本發明開關短路診斷方法的流程圖。 Figures 5A to 5C are flow charts of the switch short circuit diagnosis method of the present invention.

茲有關本發明之技術內容及詳細說明，配合圖式說明如下。 The technical content and detailed description of the present invention are as follows with reference to the drawings.

請參見圖1所示，其係為本發明矩陣轉換器(matrix converter or AC/AC converter)的電路圖。本發明所提出的開關短路診斷方法，係應用於矩陣轉換器，用以對矩陣轉換器之開關的短路異常進行偵測。對一般傳統馬達驅動器架構而言，其需要對交流電源進行交流轉直流，然後進行直流轉交流的操作，再對馬達進行驅動控制，因此其需要直流電容來當作能量的緩衝。相較於一般傳統馬達驅動器架構，矩陣轉換器即為交流轉交流的一種轉換器架構，可透過雙向交流對交流的功率轉換，在不需直流電容來當作能量緩衝的基礎上，實現提高效率，且延長產品壽命的目的。 Please refer to Figure 1, which is a circuit diagram of a matrix converter (matrix converter or AC/AC converter) of the present invention. The switch short-circuit diagnosis method proposed by the present invention is applied to a matrix converter to detect short-circuit abnormalities of the switches of the matrix converter. For the general traditional motor driver architecture, it needs to convert the AC power supply from AC to DC, then convert DC to AC, and then drive and control the motor. Therefore, it requires a DC capacitor as an energy buffer. Compared with the general traditional motor driver architecture, the matrix converter is an AC-to-AC converter architecture that can achieve improved efficiency through bidirectional AC-to-AC power conversion without the need for DC capacitors as energy buffers. , and the purpose of extending product life.

如圖1所示，交流輸入電源經過濾波電路後，直接連接至九個雙向開關Sau1-Scw2，其中，每個雙向開關都是由兩個IGBT(絕緣閘極雙極性電晶體)背接所形成。然後，再接至馬達20A。換言之，整個能量轉換係直接為交流轉換為交流，而不需要經過交流轉直流，再由直流轉交流的過程。透過量測輸出電流Iu,Iv,Iw或者馬達20A的轉速、位置，進而透過脈波寬度調變(PWM)的轉換、換向(commutation)操作，產生對馬達20A進行驅動的驅動命令，進而驅動並控制馬達20A運轉。 As shown in Figure 1, the AC input power is directly connected to nine bidirectional switches Sau1-Scw2 after passing through the filter circuit. Each bidirectional switch is formed by two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) back-connected. . Then, connect it to motor 20A. In other words, the entire energy conversion system is directly converted from AC to AC, without the need to go through the process of converting AC to DC, and then from DC to AC. By measuring the output current Iu, Iv, Iw or the speed and position of the motor 20A, and then through the conversion and commutation operation of pulse width modulation (PWM), a drive command is generated to drive the motor 20A, and then the drive And control the operation of motor 20A.

如圖5A~5C所示，其係為本發明開關短路診斷方法的流程圖，配合參見圖1，本發明所提出的開關短路診斷方法用以診斷三個雙向開關模組11,12,13的開關短路狀態。因此，透過本案的開關短路診斷偵測方法，可提早於矩陣轉換器操作前，偵測是否發生(任一)開關短路異常的情事，而避免矩陣轉換器啟動後，因所產生的短路電流，對馬達或操作者造成傷害。 As shown in Figures 5A to 5C, which are flow charts of the switch short-circuit diagnosis method of the present invention, with reference to Figure 1, the switch short-circuit diagnosis method proposed by the present invention is used to diagnose the three bidirectional switch modules 11, 12, 13. Switch short circuit status. Therefore, through the switch short-circuit diagnostic detection method of this case, it is possible to detect whether (any) switch short-circuit abnormality occurs in advance before the operation of the matrix converter, thereby avoiding the short-circuit current generated after the matrix converter is started. causing damage to the motor or operator.

如圖1所示，各該雙向開關模組11,12,13包括第一開關支路、第二開關支路以及第三開關支路，其中，各開關支路包括串聯背接的第一開關與第二開關。因此，第一雙向開關模組11包括由第一開關Sau1與第二開關Sau2串聯背接所形成的第一開關支路、由第一開關Sbu1與第二開關Sbu2串聯背接所形成的第二開關支路以及由第一開關Scu1與第二開關Scu2串聯背接所形成的第三開關支路。同樣地，第二雙向開關模組12包括由第一開關Sav1與第二開關Sav2串聯背接所形成的第一開關支路、由第一開關Sbv1與第二開關Sbv2串聯背接所形成的第二開關支路以及由第一開關Scv1與第二開關Scv2串聯背接所形成的第三開關支路。同樣地，第三雙向開關模組13包括由第一開關Saw1與第二開關Saw2串聯背接所形成的第一開關支路、由第一開關Sbw1與第二開關Sbw2串聯背接所形成的第二開關支路以及由第一開關Scw1與第二開關Scw2串聯背接所形成的第三開關支路。 As shown in Figure 1, each of the two-way switch modules 11, 12, and 13 includes a first switch branch, a second switch branch, and a third switch branch, wherein each switch branch includes a first switch connected in series. with the second switch. Therefore, the first bidirectional switch module 11 includes a first switch branch formed by the first switch Sau1 and the second switch Sau2 being connected in series, and a second switch branch formed by the first switch Sbu1 and the second switch Sbu2 being connected in series. The switch branch and the third switch branch formed by the first switch Scu1 and the second switch Scu2 being connected in series. Similarly, the second bidirectional switch module 12 includes a first switch branch formed by a series back connection of the first switch Sav1 and a second switch Sav2, and a third branch formed by a series back connection of the first switch Sbv1 and the second switch Sbv2. The two switch branches and the third switch branch are formed by the first switch Scv1 and the second switch Scv2 being back-connected in series. Similarly, the third bidirectional switch module 13 includes a first switch branch formed by the first switch Saw1 and the second switch Saw2 being connected in series, and a third branch formed by the first switch Sbw1 and the second switch Sbw2 being connected in series. The two switch branches and the third switch branch are formed by the first switch Scw1 and the second switch Scw2 being back-connected in series.

該等第一開關支路、第二開關支路以及第三開關支路分別接至三相電源的三個相線。意即，第一雙向開關模組11的第一開關支路、第二雙向開關模組12的第一開關支路以及第三雙向開關模組13的第一開關支路耦接至三相電源的第一相線。第一雙向開關模組11的第二開關支路、第二雙向開關模組12的第二開關支路以及第三雙向開關模組13的第二開關支路耦接至三相電源的第二相線。第一雙向開關模組11的第三開關支路、第二雙向開關模組12的第三開關支路以及第三雙向開關模組13的第三開關支路耦接至三相電源的第三相線。 The first switch branch, the second switch branch and the third switch branch are respectively connected to three phase lines of the three-phase power supply. That is to say, the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11, the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12, and the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 are coupled to the three-phase power supply. of the first phase line. The second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 , the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 and the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 are coupled to the second switch branch of the three-phase power supply. phase line. The third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 , the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 and the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 are coupled to the third switch branch of the three-phase power supply. phase line.

參見圖5A~5C所示，本發明的開關短路診斷方法包括，首先，根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係決定多個電壓區間中的起始電壓區間(步驟S11)。參見圖2所示，其係為本發明根據三相線所決定的六個電壓區間的示意圖。其中，第一相線的電壓為Va、第二相線的電壓為Vb、第三相線的電壓為Vc，並且兩兩間隔120度的電氣角。基於此，三相線可決定出六個電壓區間，即電壓區間對電壓區間4而言

~

。以電壓區間

為例，其係為第三相線的電壓Vc>第二相線的電壓Vb>第一相線的電壓Va的區間。同理，電壓區間

係為第三相線的電壓Vc>第一相線的電壓Va>第二相線的電壓Vb的區間。其他電壓區間的決定(定義)可根據三相線的電壓大小所決定，在此不多加贅述。 Referring to Figures 5A to 5C, the switch short circuit diagnosis method of the present invention includes: first, determining the starting voltage interval among the multiple voltage intervals based on the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line (step S11). Refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of six voltage intervals determined by the present invention based on three-phase lines. Among them, the voltage of the first phase line is Va, the voltage of the second phase line is Vb, and the voltage of the third phase line is Vc, and they are separated by an electrical angle of 120 degrees. Based on this, the three-phase line can determine six voltage intervals, that is, the voltage interval for voltage interval 4

~

. in voltage range

For example, it is an interval in which the voltage Vc of the third phase line>the voltage Vb of the second phase line>the voltage Va of the first phase line. In the same way, the voltage range

This is an interval in which the voltage Vc of the third phase line>the voltage Va of the first phase line>the voltage Vb of the second phase line. The determination (definition) of other voltage ranges can be determined based on the voltage of the three-phase lines, so no further details will be given here.

請參見圖3A~3F所示，其係為本發明第一實施例開關模組在不同電壓區間下之狀態的示意圖。其中圖3A係為對應電壓區間

的開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第一開關支路的第二開關Sax2(其中，x可為u,v,w分別代表第一雙向開關模組11、第二雙向開關模組12以及第三雙向開關模組13)，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第二開關支路的第一開關Sbx1與第三開關支路的第一開關Scx1是否發生短路狀況。 Please refer to FIGS. 3A to 3F , which are schematic diagrams of states of the switch module in different voltage ranges according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3A shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the second switch Sax2 that conducts the first switch branch of the bidirectional switch module (where Group 12 and the third bidirectional switch module 13), according to the voltage range

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether a short circuit condition occurs between the first switch Sbx1 of the second switch branch and the first switch Scx1 of the third switch branch.

同理，圖3B係為對應電壓區間

的開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第三開關支路的第一開關Scx1，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第一開關支路的第二開關Sax2與第二開關支路的第二開關Sbx2是否發生短路狀況。 In the same way, Figure 3B shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the first switch Scx1 of the third switch branch of the bidirectional switch module, the voltage range can be

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether a short circuit condition occurs between the second switch Sax2 of the first switch branch and the second switch Sbx2 of the second switch branch.

同理，圖3C係為對應電壓區間

的開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbx2，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第一開關支路的第一開關Sax1與第三開關支路的第一開關Scx1是否發生短路狀況。 In the same way, Figure 3C shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the second switch Sbx2 of the second switch branch of the bidirectional switch module, the voltage range can be

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether a short circuit condition occurs between the first switch Sax1 of the first switch branch and the first switch Scx1 of the third switch branch.

同理，圖3D係為對應電壓區間

的開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第一開關支路的第一開關Sax1，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第二開關支路的第二開關Sbx2與第三開關支路的第二開關Scx2是否發生短路狀況。 In the same way, Figure 3D shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the first switch Sax1 of the first switch branch of the bidirectional switch module, the voltage range can be

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether a short circuit condition occurs between the second switch Sbx2 of the second switch branch and the second switch Scx2 of the third switch branch.

同理，圖3E係為對應電壓區間

開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第三開關支路的第二開關Scx2，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第一開關支路的第一開關Sax1與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbx1是否發生短路狀況。 In the same way, Figure 3E shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the second switch Scx2 of the third switch branch of the bidirectional switch module, the voltage range can be

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether a short circuit condition occurs between the first switch Sax1 of the first switch branch and the first switch Sbx1 of the second switch branch.

同理，圖3F係為對應電壓區間

開關切換狀態，意即透過導通雙向開關模組的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbx1，可根據電壓區間

的三相線的電壓關係，偵測第一開關支路的第二開關Sax2與第三開關支路的第二開關Scx2是否發生短路狀況。 In the same way, Figure 3F shows the corresponding voltage range.

The switch switching state means that through the first switch Sbx1 of the second switch branch of the bidirectional switch module, the voltage range can be

The voltage relationship of the three-phase lines is used to detect whether the second switch Sax2 of the first switch branch and the second switch Scx2 of the third switch branch are short-circuited.

因此，根據圖3A~圖3F的六個電壓區間的電壓關係與開關切換狀態，可用以偵測、診斷雙向開關模組中的所有開關是否發生短路異常。 Therefore, according to the voltage relationship and switch switching status of the six voltage intervals in Figure 3A to Figure 3F, it can be used to detect and diagnose whether short circuit abnormalities occur in all switches in the bidirectional switch module.

在步驟S11之後，從起始電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷(步驟S21)。具體地，根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係，導通第一個雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路(步驟S22)。然後，判斷是否有過電流，以診斷第一個雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路是否為短路狀態(步驟S23)。然後，進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷(步驟S24)。舉例來說，可選擇，例如但不限制為，電壓區間

作為起始電壓區間，並且在接續的三個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)，因此在四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)根據圖3A(對應電壓區間

)~圖3D(對應電壓區間

)的電壓關係與開關切換狀態的說明。第一開關支路、第二開關支路以及第三開關支路中的每一者包括第一開關與第二開關，以及第一二極體與第二二極體。其中第一開關的汲極連接第二開關的汲極。第一二極體與第二二極體為本體二極體(body diode)或實體二極體(physical diode)。第一二極體並聯連接第一開關，第二二極體並聯連接第二開關。在本實施例中，第一二極體的陽極連接第二二極體的陽極。 After step S11, switch short-circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module is performed from the starting voltage interval to the three consecutive voltage intervals (step S21). Specifically, according to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module are turned on (step S22). Then, it is determined whether there is an overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is in a short circuit state (step S23). Then, switch short-circuit diagnosis in the next voltage interval is performed (step S24). For example, it may be selected, such as but not limited to, a voltage interval

As the starting voltage interval, and in the three consecutive voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

), so in the four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) According to Figure 3A (corresponding voltage range

)~Figure 3D (corresponding voltage range

) voltage relationship and switch switching state. Each of the first switch branch, the second switch branch, and the third switch branch includes a first switch and a second switch, and a first diode and a second diode. The drain terminal of the first switch is connected to the drain terminal of the second switch. The first diode and the second diode are body diodes or physical diodes. The first diode is connected in parallel to the first switch, and the second diode is connected in parallel to the second switch. In this embodiment, the anode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode.

根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係，導通第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路的步驟包括：導通耦接第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓中的最大電壓的開關支路的第一開關，使得最大電壓順向導通開關支路的第二開關的第二二極體。或者導通耦接第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓中的最小電壓的開關支路的第二開關，使得最小電壓順向導通第一開關的第一二極體。 According to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, the step of conducting the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch includes: conductively coupling the first phase line, the third phase line Two phases The first switch of the switching branch has the maximum voltage among the voltages of the line and the third phase line, so that the maximum voltage conducts forward the second diode of the second switch of the switching branch. Or the second switch of the switch branch coupled to the minimum voltage among the voltages of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line is turned on, so that the minimum voltage conducts forward the first diode of the first switch.

以前揭相線的電壓中的最大電壓導通操作為例，對電壓區間

而言，導通第一雙向開關模組11的第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2，並且判斷流經第一雙向開關模組11的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1與第一雙向開關模組11的第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1的第二二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Va，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 Taking the maximum voltage conduction operation in the voltage of the previous phase line as an example, for the voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Sau2 of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch Sbu1 of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 and the first bidirectional switch Check whether the current of the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch of the module 11 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the second switch branch, it means that the first switch Sbu1 of the second switch branch has a short circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Va, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch Sbu1 corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sbu2 of the second switching branch and the second diode of the first switch Sau1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Va, so the second switch Scu1 of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scu2 and the first diode of the first switch Sau1 of the first switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第一雙向開關模組11的第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1，並且判斷流經第一雙向開關模組11的第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2與第一雙向開關模組11的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Vb，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 is turned on, and the second switch Sau2 of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 and the first bidirectional switch are determined. Check whether the current of the second switch Sbu2 of the second switch branch of the module 11 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the second switch Sau2 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Va, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Scu2 of the third switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sau1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the second switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the second switch Sbu2 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc > the voltage Vb, so the second switch Sbu2 of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scu2 and the first diode of the first switch Sbu1 of the second switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第一雙向開關模組11的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2，並且判斷流經第一雙向開關模組11的第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1與第一雙向開關模組11的第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vb，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Vb，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Sbu2 of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch Sau1 of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 and the first bidirectional switch Check whether the current of the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch of the module 11 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the first switch Sau1 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, voltage Va > voltage Vb, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sau2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sbu1 of the second switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Vb, so the second switch Scu1 of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scu2 and the first diode of the first switch Sbu1 of the second switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第一雙向開關模組11的第一開關支路的第一開關Sau1，並且判斷流經第一雙向開關模組11的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2與第一雙向開關模組11的第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第二開關Sbu2發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vb，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbu1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第二開關Scu2發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vc，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Sau2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scu1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Sau1 of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module 11 is turned on, and the second switch Sbu2 of the second switch branch flowing through the first bidirectional switch module 11 is determined to be the same as the first bidirectional switch. Check whether the current of the second switch Scu2 of the third switch branch of the module 11 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the second switch branch, it means that the second switch Sbu2 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, voltage Va > voltage Vb, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sau2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sbu1 of the second switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the second switch Scu2 of the third switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Va > the voltage Vc, so the second switch Scu2 of the first switch branch The second diode of the switch Sau2 and the first diode of the first switch Scu1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

因此，根據前述四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)對相應開關的控制與偵測相應開關支路的電流值是否有過電流的異常，即可診斷第一雙向開關模組11所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常。 Therefore, according to the aforementioned four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) By controlling the corresponding switch and detecting whether the current value of the corresponding switch branch has an abnormal overcurrent, it is possible to diagnose whether the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of the first bidirectional switch module 11 have short-circuit abnormalities.

附帶一提，透過前揭相線的電壓中的最小電壓導通操作同樣能夠診斷出第一雙向開關模組11所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常，差異僅在於最小電壓順向導通不同的第一二極體與第二二極體，所形成不同的電流路徑作為判斷，其技術精神與最大電壓導通操作可類比，在此不多加贅述。 By the way, through the minimum voltage conduction operation in the voltage of the front phase line, it can also be diagnosed whether the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of the first bidirectional switch module 11 have a short circuit abnormality. The difference is only in the minimum voltage. The different current paths formed by forward-conducting different first diodes and second diodes are used as judgments. The technical spirit and the maximum voltage conduction operation can be compared, so I won’t go into details here.

在步驟S24之後，即在第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷(步驟S31)。具體地，根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係，導通第二個雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路(步驟S32)。然後，判斷是否有過電流，以診斷第二雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路是否為短路狀態(步驟S33)。然後，進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷(步驟S34)。 After step S24, that is, after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module is completed, the switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is performed from the next voltage interval to the following three voltage intervals (step S31). Specifically, according to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module are turned on (step S32). Then, determine whether there is an overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch, or the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is in a short-circuit state (step S33). Then, switch short-circuit diagnosis in the next voltage interval is performed (step S34).

舉例來說，所述「接續的四個電壓區間」即為接續電壓區間

的電壓區間

~

。因此在四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)根據圖3E(對應電壓區間

)~圖3B(對應電壓區間

)的電壓關係與開關切換狀態的說明，例如導通第二雙向開關模組12中對應的該第一開關或該第二開關，因此當偵測流經第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則判斷流經電流的第一開關或第二開關為短路狀態。 For example, the "four consecutive voltage intervals" are the consecutive voltage intervals.

voltage range

~

. Therefore, in the four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) According to Figure 3E (corresponding voltage range

)~Figure 3B (corresponding voltage range

) and the description of the switch switching state, for example, turning on the corresponding first switch or the second switch in the second bidirectional switch module 12, so when detecting the flow through the first switch branch and the second switch branch Or the current in the third switch branch has an overcurrent, then the first switch or the second switch through which the current flows is judged to be in a short-circuit state.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第二雙向開關模組12的第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2，並且判斷流經第二雙向開關模組12的第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1與第二雙向開關模組12的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbv1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vc，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第一開關Sbv1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Vc，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Scv2 of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 is turned on, and the first switch Sav1 and the second bidirectional switch of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 are determined. Check whether the current of the first switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch of the module 12 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the first switch Sav1 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Va>voltage Vc, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sav2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Scv1 of the third switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the second switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the first switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Vc, so the second switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch The second diode of the switch Sbv2 and the first diode of the first switch Scv1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第二雙向開關模組12的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbv1，並且判斷流經第二雙向開關模組12的第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2與第二雙向開關模組12的第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Vc，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 is turned on, and it is determined that the second switch Sav2 of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 and the second bidirectional switch Check whether the current of the second switch Scv2 of the third switch branch of the module 12 has overcurrent. If the current flowing through the first switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the second switch Sav2 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Va, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sbv2 of the second switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sav1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the second switch Scv2 of the third switch branch has a short circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Vc, so the second switch Scv2 of the second switch branch The second diode of the switch Sbv2 and the first diode of the first switch Scv1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第二雙向開關模組12的第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2，並且判斷流經第二雙向開關模組12的第二開關支路的第一開關 Sbv1與第二雙向開關模組12的第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第一開關Sbv1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Va，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Sav2 of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 is turned on, and the first switch Sbv1 and the second bidirectional switch flowing through the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 are determined. Check whether the current of the first switch Scv1 of the third switch branch of the module 12 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the second switch branch, it means that the first switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Va, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sbv2 of the second switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sav1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the first switch Scv1 of the third switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Va, so the second switch of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scv2 and the first diode of the first switch Sav1 of the first switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第二雙向開關模組12的第三開關支路的第一開關Scv1，並且判斷流經第二雙向開關模組12的第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2與第二雙向開關模組12的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第二開關Sav2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Sav1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第二開關Sbv2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Vb，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scv2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbv1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Scv1 of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 is turned on, and it is determined that the second switch Sav2 of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module 12 and the second bidirectional switch Check whether the current of the second switch Sbv2 of the second switch branch of the module 12 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the second switch Sav2 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Va, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Scv2 of the third switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sav1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the second switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the second switch Sbv2 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Vb, so the second switch Sbv2 of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scv2 and the first diode of the first switch Sbv1 of the second switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

因此，根據前述四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)對相應開關的控制與偵測相應開關支路的電流值是否有過電流的異常，即可診斷第二雙向開關模組12所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常。 Therefore, according to the aforementioned four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) By controlling the corresponding switch and detecting whether the current value of the corresponding switch branch has an abnormal overcurrent, it is possible to diagnose whether the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of the second bidirectional switch module 12 have short circuit abnormalities.

在步驟S34之後，即在第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行第三雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷(步驟S41)。具體地，根據第一相線、第二相線以及第三相線的電壓關係，導通第三個雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路(步驟S42)。然後，判斷是否有過電流，以診斷第三雙向開關模組的第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路是否為短路狀態(步驟S33)。然後，進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷(步驟S44)。 After step S34, that is, after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is completed, the switch short circuit diagnosis of the third bidirectional switch module is performed from the next voltage interval to the following three voltage intervals (step S41). Specifically, according to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module are turned on (step S42). Then, determine whether there is an overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch, or the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is in a short-circuit state (step S33). Then, switch short-circuit diagnosis in the next voltage interval is performed (step S44).

舉例來說，所述「接續的四個電壓區間」即為接續電壓區間

的電壓區間

~

。因此在四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)根據圖3C(對應電壓區間

)~圖3F(對應電壓區間

)的電壓關係與開關切換狀態的說明，例如導通第三雙向開關模組13中對應的該第一開關或該第二開關，因此當偵測流經第一開關支路、第二開關支路或第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則判斷流經電流的第一開關或第二開關為短路狀態。 For example, the "four consecutive voltage intervals" are the consecutive voltage intervals.

voltage range

~

. Therefore, in the four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) According to Figure 3C (corresponding voltage range

)~Figure 3F (corresponding voltage range

) and the description of the switch switching state, for example, turning on the corresponding first switch or the second switch in the third bidirectional switch module 13, so when detecting the flow through the first switch branch and the second switch branch Or the current in the third switch branch has an overcurrent, then the first switch or the second switch through which the current flows is judged to be in a short-circuit state.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第三雙向開關模組13的第二開關支路的第二開關Sbw2，並且判斷流經第三雙向開關模組13的第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1與第三雙向開關模組13的第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vb，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Saw2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vc>電壓Vb，因此第三開關支路的第二開關Scw2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Sbw2 of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 is turned on, and the first switch Saw1 and the third bidirectional switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 are determined. Check whether the current of the first switch Scw1 of the third switch branch of the module 13 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the first switch Saw1 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, voltage Va > voltage Vb, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Saw2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sbw1 of the second switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the first switch Scw1 of the third switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vc>voltage Vb, so the second switch Scw1 of the third switch branch The second diode of the switch Scw2 and the first diode of the first switch Sbw1 of the second switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第三雙向開關模組13的第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1，並且判斷流經第三雙向開關模組13的第二開關支路的第二開關Saw2與第三雙向開關模組13的第三開關支路的第二開關Scw2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第二開關Sbw2發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vb，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Saw2的第二二極體與第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第二開關Scw2發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vc，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Saw2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Saw1 of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 is turned on, and the flow through the second switch Saw2 of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 and the third bidirectional switch are determined. Check whether the current of the second switch Scw2 of the third switch branch of the module 13 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the second switch branch, it means that the second switch Sbw2 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, voltage Va > voltage Vb, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Saw2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Sbw1 of the second switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the third switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the second switch Scw2 of the third switch branch has a short circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Va > the voltage Vc, so the second switch Scw2 of the first switch branch The second diode of the switch Saw2 and the first diode of the first switch Scw1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第三雙向開關模組13的第三開關支路的第二開關Sbw2，並且判斷流經第三雙向開關模組13的第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1與第三雙向開關模組13的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1發生短路異常(此時電壓Va>電壓Vc，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第一開關支路的第二開關Saw2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第二開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Vc，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbw2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the second switch Sbw2 of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 is turned on, and the first switch Saw1 and the third bidirectional switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 are determined. Check whether the current of the first switch Sbw1 of the second switch branch of the module 13 has overcurrent. If there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the first switch branch, it means that the first switch Saw1 of the first switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Va > the voltage Vc, the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch) The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Saw2 of the first switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Scw1 of the third switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if the current flowing through the second switch branch is overcurrent, it means that the first switch Sbw1 of the second switch branch has a short-circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb>voltage Vc, so the second switch Sbw1 of the second switch branch The second diode of the switch Sbw2 and the first diode of the first switch Scw1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

對電壓區間

而言，導通第三雙向開關模組13的第二開關支路的第一開關Sbw1，並且判斷流經第三雙向開關模組13的第一開關支路的第二開關 Saw2與第三雙向開關模組13的第三開關支路的第二開關Scw2的電流是否有過電流。若是流經第一開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第一開關支路的第二開關Saw2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Va，最大電壓順向導通開關支路對應的第一二極體與第二二極體，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbw2的第二二極體與第一開關支路的第一開關Saw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)，或若是流經第三開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示第三開關支路的第二開關Scw 2發生短路異常(此時電壓Vb>電壓Vc，因此第二開關支路的第二開關Sbw2的第二二極體與第三開關支路的第一開關Scw1的第一二極體提供順向的電流路徑)。反之，若無任何開關支路的電流有過電流，則表示無開關發生短路異常。 to voltage range

Specifically, the first switch Sbw1 of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 is turned on, and the flow through the second switch Saw2 of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module 13 and the third bidirectional switch are determined. Check whether the current of the second switch Scw2 of the third switch branch of the module 13 has overcurrent. If the current flowing through the first switch branch has an overcurrent, it means that the second switch Saw2 of the first switch branch has a short circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb > the voltage Va, and the maximum voltage forwards the first switch corresponding to the switch branch). The diode and the second diode, therefore the second diode of the second switch Sbw2 of the second switching branch and the first diode of the first switch Saw1 of the first switching branch provide a forward current path. ), or if there is an overcurrent in the current flowing through the third switch branch, it means that the second switch Scw 2 of the third switch branch has a short circuit abnormality (at this time, the voltage Vb > the voltage Vc, so the second switch Scw 2 of the third switch branch The second diode of the second switch Sbw2 and the first diode of the first switch Scw1 of the third switch branch provide a forward current path). On the contrary, if there is no overcurrent in any switch branch, it means that no switch has a short circuit abnormality.

因此，根據前述四個電壓區間(即電壓區間

~

)對相應開關的控制與偵測相應開關支路的電流值是否有過電流的異常，即可診斷第三雙向開關模組13所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常。 Therefore, according to the aforementioned four voltage intervals (i.e. voltage interval

~

) By controlling the corresponding switch and detecting whether the current value of the corresponding switch branch has an abnormal overcurrent, it is possible to diagnose whether the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of the third bidirectional switch module 13 have short-circuit abnormalities.

綜上所述，根據步驟S11~S44，可診斷所有開關模組11,12,13的所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常，因此透過本案的開關短路診斷方法，可提早於矩陣轉換器操作前，偵測是否發生開關短路異常的情事，而避免矩陣轉換器啟動後，因所產生的短路電流，對馬達或操作者造成傷害。 In summary, according to steps S11 to S44, it can be diagnosed whether the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of all switch modules 11, 12, 13 have short-circuit abnormalities. Therefore, through the switch short-circuit diagnosis method in this case, it is possible to Detect whether a switch short-circuit abnormality occurs in advance before the matrix converter is operated, so as to avoid damage to the motor or operator due to the short-circuit current generated after the matrix converter is started.

此外，請參見圖4A~圖4F所示，其係為本發明第二實施例開關模組在不同電壓區間下之狀態的示意圖。圖4A~圖4F與圖3A~圖3F最大的差異在於本實施例第一開關的源極連接第二開關的源極，以及第一二極體的陰極連接第二二極體的陰極。同樣地，可透過最大電壓導通操作與最小電壓導通操作，實現第一雙向開關模組11、第二雙向開關模組12以及第三雙向開關模組13所有開關支路的第一開關與第二開關是否發生短路異常的診斷，其技術手段可類比圖3A~圖3F所揭示的內容，在此不多加贅述。 In addition, please refer to FIGS. 4A to 4F , which are schematic diagrams of states of the switch module in different voltage ranges according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The biggest difference between Figures 4A to 4F and Figures 3A to 3F is that in this embodiment, the source of the first switch is connected to the source of the second switch, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode. Similarly, the first switch and the second switch of all switch branches of the first bidirectional switch module 11 , the second bidirectional switch module 12 and the third bidirectional switch module 13 can be realized through the maximum voltage conduction operation and the minimum voltage conduction operation. The technical means for diagnosing whether a short-circuit abnormality occurs in a switch can be compared to what is shown in Figures 3A to 3F, and will not be described in detail here.

以上所述，僅為本發明較佳具體實施例之詳細說明與圖式，惟本發明之特徵並不侷限於此，並非用以限制本發明，本發明之所有範圍應以下述之申請專利範圍為準，凡合於本發明申請專利範圍之精神與其類似變化之實施例，皆應包括於本發明之範疇中，任何熟悉該項技藝者在本發明之領域內，可輕易思及之變化或修飾皆可涵蓋在以下本案之專利範圍。 The above are only detailed descriptions and drawings of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the characteristics of the present invention are not limited thereto and are not used to limit the present invention. The entire scope of the present invention should be determined by the following patent application scope. Subject to the present invention, all embodiments that are within the spirit of the patentable scope of the present invention and similar changes thereof shall be included in the scope of the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can easily think of such changes or modifications in the field of the present invention. Modifications may be covered by the following patent scope of this case.

S11~S24:步驟 S11~S24: Steps

Claims

一種開關短路診斷方法，用以偵測一第一雙向開關模組之短路狀態，其中該第一雙向開關模組包括一第一開關支路、一第二開關支路以及一第三開關支路，且該第一開關支路耦接至一三相電源的一第一相線，該第二開關支路耦接至該三相電源的一第二相線，該第三開關支路耦接至該三相電源的一第三相線，該方法包括：根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係決定多個電壓區間中的一起始電壓區間；以及從該起始電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷，包括：根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路；判斷是否有一過電流，以診斷該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路是否為短路狀態；以及進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷。 A switch short circuit diagnosis method for detecting the short circuit state of a first bidirectional switch module, wherein the first bidirectional switch module includes a first switch branch, a second switch branch and a third switch branch , and the first switch branch is coupled to a first phase line of a three-phase power supply, the second switch branch is coupled to a second phase line of the three-phase power supply, and the third switch branch is coupled to To a third phase line of the three-phase power supply, the method includes: determining a starting voltage interval among a plurality of voltage intervals based on the voltage relationship of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line; and Perform switch short-circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module from the starting voltage interval to the three consecutive voltage intervals, including: based on the voltage relationship of the first phase line, the second phase line, and the third phase line. , conduct the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module; determine whether there is an overcurrent to diagnose the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module Whether the switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch is in a short-circuit state; and perform switch short-circuit diagnosis in the next voltage interval.

如請求項1所述之方法，其更用以偵測一第二雙向開關模組以及一第三雙向開關模組之短路狀態，該第二雙向開關模組以及該第三雙向開關模組的每一者包括一第一開關支路、一第二開關支路以及一第三開關支路，且該第一開關支路耦接至該第一相線，該第二開關支路耦接至該第二相線，該第三開關支路耦接至該第三相線，該方法包括：在該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷，包括：根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路；判斷是否有該過電流，以診斷該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路是否為短路狀態；以及進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷；在該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第三雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷，包括：根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路；判斷是否有該過電流，以診斷該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路是否為短路狀態；以及進行下一個電壓區間的開關短路診斷。 The method of claim 1 is further used to detect the short-circuit status of a second bidirectional switch module and a third bidirectional switch module, the second bidirectional switch module and the third bidirectional switch module. Each includes a first switch branch, a second switch branch and a third switch branch, and the first switch branch is coupled to the first phase line, and the second switch branch is coupled to The second phase line and the third switch branch are coupled to the third phase line. The method includes: after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module is completed, from the next voltage interval to the three consecutive The switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is performed in the voltage range respectively, including: According to the voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module are turned on. circuit; determine whether there is the overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is in a short circuit state; and proceed to the next voltage interval The switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is completed; after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is completed, the switch short circuit diagnosis of the third bidirectional switch module is performed from the next voltage interval to the following three voltage intervals, including: according to the The voltage relationship between the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line conducts the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module; Determine whether there is an overcurrent to diagnose whether the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is in a short circuit state; and perform switching in the next voltage interval Short circuit diagnosis.

如請求項2所述之方法，其中判斷是否有該過電流，以診斷該第一雙向開關模組、該第二雙向開關模組或該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路是否為短路狀態的步驟包括：若判斷有該過電流，則該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路為短路狀態；以及若判斷無該過電流，則無該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路為短路狀態。 The method of claim 2, wherein it is determined whether there is the overcurrent to diagnose the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module, the second bidirectional switch module or the third bidirectional switch module, The step of determining whether the second switch branch or the third switch branch is in a short-circuit state includes: if it is determined that there is an overcurrent, then the first switch branch, the second switch branch, or the third switch branch is short-circuit state; and if it is determined that there is no overcurrent, then none of the first switch branch, the second switch branch, or the third switch branch is in a short-circuit state.

如請求項2所述之方法，其中該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路及該第三開關支路中的每一者包括：一第一開關；一第二開關，與該第一開關串聯背接，其中該第一開關的源極連接該第二開關的源極；一第一二極體，並聯連接該第一開關；以及一第二二極體，並聯連接該第二開關，其中該第一二極體的陰極連接該第二二極體的陰極；其中該第一二極體與該第二二極體為一本體二極體或一實體二極體。 The method of claim 2, wherein each of the first switch branch, the second switch branch and the third switch branch includes: a first switch; A second switch is connected back to the first switch in series, wherein the source of the first switch is connected to the source of the second switch; a first diode is connected in parallel to the first switch; and a second diode is connected in parallel to the first switch. The pole body is connected in parallel to the second switch, wherein the cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode; wherein the first diode and the second diode are a body diode or A solid diode.

如請求項4所述之方法，其中根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係，導通該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路的步驟包括：導通耦接該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓中的一最大電壓的一開關支路的該第一開關，使得該最大電壓順向導通該開關支路的該第二開關的該第二二極體；或者導通耦接該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓中的一最小電壓的開關支路的該第二開關，使得該最小電壓順向導通該第一開關的該第一二極體。 The method of claim 4, wherein the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch are turned on according to the voltage relationship of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line. The step of switching the branch includes: turning on the first switch of a switching branch that is coupled to a maximum voltage among the voltages of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, so that the maximum voltage follows the To the second diode of the second switch that conducts the switch branch; or to conduct the switch branch that is coupled to a minimum voltage among the voltages of the first phase line, the second phase line, and the third phase line. The second switch of the circuit allows the minimum voltage to conduct forward to the first diode of the first switch.

如請求項4所述之方法，其中該多個電壓區間為循環的六個電壓區間，包括一第一電壓區間、一第二電壓區間、一第三電壓區間、一第四電壓區間、一第五電壓區間以及一第六電壓區間；其中，在該第一電壓區間，該第三相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓，且該第二相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓；在該第二電壓區間，該第三相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓，且該第一相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓；在該第三電壓區間，該第一相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓，且該第三相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓；在該第四電壓區間，該第一相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓，且該第二相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓；在該第五電壓區間，該第二相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓，且該第一相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓；以及在該第六電壓區間，該第二相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓，且該第三一相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓。 The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of voltage intervals are six cyclic voltage intervals, including a first voltage interval, a second voltage interval, a third voltage interval, a fourth voltage interval, a first Five voltage intervals and a sixth voltage interval; wherein, in the first voltage interval, the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line, and the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line. voltage; in the second voltage interval, the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line, and the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line; In the third voltage interval, the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line, and the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line; in the fourth voltage interval, the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line. The voltage of the phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line, and the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line; in the fifth voltage interval, the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line The voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line; and in the sixth voltage interval, the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line, and the third phase line The voltage of the line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line.

如請求項6所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，從該起始電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第一電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第二電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第三電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第四電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 6, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, switch short-circuiting of the first bidirectional switch module is performed from the starting voltage interval to the three consecutive voltage intervals. The step of diagnosing includes: turning on the second switch of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module in the first voltage interval, and determining whether the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is Whether the first switch of the first switch and the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module has the overcurrent; in the second voltage interval, the third switch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on the first switch of the branch, and determine whether the second switch of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module and the second switch of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module There is the overcurrent; in the third voltage interval, the second switch of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module flows through Whether the first switch of the first switch of the circuit and the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent; and In the fourth voltage interval, the first switch of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on, and the second switch flowing through the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is determined. Whether the switch and the second switch of the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent.

如請求項6所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，在該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第五電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第六電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第一電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第二電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 6, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module is completed, from the next voltage interval to the following three The step of performing switch short-circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module in each voltage interval includes: turning on the second switch of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module in the fifth voltage interval, and determining the flow Whether there is an overcurrent through the first switch of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module and the first switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module; in the sixth voltage interval, turn on the first switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module, and determine whether the second switch of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module flows through the second switch module and the second switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module. Whether the second switch of the third switch branch of the two bidirectional switch modules has the overcurrent; in the first voltage interval, the second switch of the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is turned on , and determine whether there is an overcurrent flowing through the first switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module and the first switch of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module; And in the second voltage interval, the first switch of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is turned on, and the third switch flowing through the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is determined. Whether the second switch of the second switch branch of the second switch and the second bidirectional switch module has the overcurrent.

如請求項6所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，在該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第三雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第三電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第四電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第五電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第六電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 6, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, after the switch short-circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is completed, from the next voltage interval The step of conducting switch short-circuit diagnosis of the third bidirectional switch module in three consecutive voltage intervals includes: in the third voltage interval, turning on the second switch branch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module. switch, and determine whether there is an overcurrent flowing through the first switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module and the first switch of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module. ; In the fourth voltage interval, the first switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on, and the first switch of the second switch branch flowing through the third bidirectional switch module is determined. Whether the second switch of the second switch and the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module has the overcurrent; in the fifth voltage interval, the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on the second switch, and determine whether the first switch flowing through the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module and the first switch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module There is the overcurrent; and in the sixth voltage interval, the first switch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch of the third bidirectional switch module flows through Whether the second switch of the branch and the second switch of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent.

如請求項2所述之方法，其中該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路及該第三開關支路中的每一者包括：一第一開關；一第二開關，與該第一開關串聯背接，其中該第一開關的汲極連接該第二開關的汲極；一第一二極體，並聯連接該第一開關；以及一第二二極體，並聯連接該第二開關，其中該第一二極體的陽極連接該第二二極體的陽極；其中該第一二極體與該第二二極體為一本體二極體或一實體二極體。 The method of claim 2, wherein each of the first switch branch, the second switch branch and the third switch branch includes: a first switch; a second switch, and the third switch branch. A switch is back-connected in series, wherein the drain of the first switch is connected to the drain of the second switch; a first diode is connected in parallel to the first switch; and A second diode, connected in parallel to the second switch, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode; wherein the first diode and the second diode are one body Diode or a solid diode.

如請求項10所述之方法，其中根據該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓關係，導通該第一開關支路、該第二開關支路或該第三開關支路的步驟包括：導通耦接該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓中的一最大電壓的一開關支路的該第二開關，使得該最大電壓順向導通該開關支路的該第二開關的該第二二極體；或者導通耦接該第一相線、該第二相線以及該第三相線的電壓中的一最小電壓的開關支路的該第一開關，使得該最小電壓順向導通該第二開關的該第一二極體。 The method of claim 10, wherein the first switch branch, the second switch branch or the third switch branch are turned on according to the voltage relationship of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line. The step of switching the branch includes: turning on the second switch of a switching branch that is coupled to a maximum voltage among the voltages of the first phase line, the second phase line and the third phase line, so that the maximum voltage follows the To the second diode of the second switch that conducts the switch branch; or to conduct the switch branch that is coupled to a minimum voltage among the voltages of the first phase line, the second phase line, and the third phase line. The first switch of the circuit allows the minimum voltage to conduct forward to the first diode of the second switch.

如請求項10所述之方法，其中該多個電壓區間為循環的六個電壓區間，包括一第一電壓區間、一第二電壓區間、一第三電壓區間、一第四電壓區間、一第五電壓區間以及一第六電壓區間；其中，在該第一電壓區間，該第三相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓，且該第二相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓；在該第二電壓區間，該第三相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓，且該第一相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓；在該第三電壓區間，該第一相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓，且該第三相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓；在該第四電壓區間，該第一相線的電壓大於該第二相線的電壓，且該第二相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓；在該第五電壓區間，該第二相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓，且該第一相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓；以及在該第六電壓區間，該第二相線的電壓大於該第三相線的電壓，且該第三一相線的電壓大於該第一相線的電壓。 The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of voltage intervals are six cyclic voltage intervals, including a first voltage interval, a second voltage interval, a third voltage interval, a fourth voltage interval, a first Five voltage intervals and a sixth voltage interval; wherein, in the first voltage interval, the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line, and the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line. voltage; in the second voltage interval, the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line, and the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line; in the third voltage interval, the voltage of the The voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line, and the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line; in the fourth voltage interval, the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the second phase line. The voltage of the phase line, and the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line; In the fifth voltage interval, the voltage of the second phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line, and the voltage of the first phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line; and in the sixth voltage interval, the voltage of the third phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line. The voltage of the two-phase line is greater than the voltage of the third phase line, and the voltage of the third one-phase line is greater than the voltage of the first phase line.

如請求項12所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，從該起始電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第一電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第二電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第三電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第四電壓區間，導通該第一雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第一雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關與該第一雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 12, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, switch short-circuiting of the first bidirectional switch module is performed from the starting voltage interval to the three consecutive voltage intervals. The step of diagnosing includes: turning on the first switch of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module in the first voltage interval, and determining the voltage of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module. Whether the second switch and the second switch of the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent; in the second voltage interval, the third switch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on The second switch of the branch, and determine whether the first switch of the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module and the first switch of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module There is the overcurrent; in the third voltage interval, the first switch of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module flows through Whether the second switch of the second switch of the circuit and the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module has the overcurrent; and in the fourth voltage interval, the switch of the first bidirectional switch module is turned on the second switch of the first switch branch, and determine the relationship between the first switch of the second switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module and the third switch branch of the first bidirectional switch module. Whether the first switch has the overcurrent.

如請求項12所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，在該第一雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第五電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第六電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第一電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第二電壓區間，導通該第二雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第二雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第二雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 12, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the first bidirectional switch module is completed, the next voltage interval is The step of conducting switch short-circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module in three consecutive voltage intervals includes: in the fifth voltage interval, turning on the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module. a switch, and determine whether the second switch flowing through the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module and the second switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module have the pass Current; in the sixth voltage interval, the second switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is turned on, and the current flowing through the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is determined. Whether the first switch of the third switch branch of the first switch and the second bidirectional switch module has the overcurrent; in the first voltage interval, the first switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module is turned on The first switch of the circuit, and determines the second switch that flows through the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module and the second switch of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module Whether there is the overcurrent; and in the second voltage interval, turn on the second switch of the third switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module, and determine whether the first switch flowing through the second bidirectional switch module Whether the first switch of the switch branch and the first switch of the second switch branch of the second bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent.

如請求項12所述之方法，其中，當該起始電壓區間是該第一電壓區間時，在該第二雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷完畢之後，從下一個電壓區間至接續的三個電壓區間分別進行該第三雙向開關模組的開關短路診斷的步驟包括：在該第三電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；在該第四電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第一開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流；在該第五電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第二開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關是否有該過電流；以及在該第六電壓區間，導通該第三雙向開關模組的該第二開關支路的該第二開關，並且判斷流經該第三雙向開關模組的該第一開關支路的該第一開關與該第三雙向開關模組的該第三開關支路的該第一開關是否有該過電流。 The method of claim 12, wherein when the starting voltage interval is the first voltage interval, after the switch short circuit diagnosis of the second bidirectional switch module is completed, from the next voltage interval to the following three The step of performing switch short-circuit diagnosis of the third bidirectional switch module in each voltage interval includes: turning on the first switch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module in the third voltage interval, and determining the flow Whether there is an overcurrent through the second switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module and the second switch of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module; In the fourth voltage interval, the second switch of the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on, and the first switch flowing through the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is determined. Whether the switch and the first switch of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent; in the fifth voltage interval, the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on the first switch, and determine whether the second switch flowing through the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module and the second switch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module have The overcurrent; and in the sixth voltage interval, the second switch of the second switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module is turned on, and it is determined that the first switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module flows through The first switch of the circuit and the first switch of the third switch branch of the third bidirectional switch module have the overcurrent.