TWI822900B - Protection element - Google Patents
Protection element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI822900B TWI822900B TW108140432A TW108140432A TWI822900B TW I822900 B TWI822900 B TW I822900B TW 108140432 A TW108140432 A TW 108140432A TW 108140432 A TW108140432 A TW 108140432A TW I822900 B TWI822900 B TW I822900B
- Authority
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- fuse element
- element material
- terminal member
- claw
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 123
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 84
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu] IUYOGGFTLHZHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
- H01H85/0047—Heating means
- H01H85/0052—Fusible element and series heating means or series heat dams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/36—Means for applying mechanical tension to fusible member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
該保護元件具備第1電極、具有彈性之第2電極、及配置於第1電極與第2電極之間之保險絲元件材，保險絲元件材由上述第1電極與彎曲狀態之上述第2電極夾著支持。The protection element includes a first electrode, an elastic second electrode, and a fuse element material arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The fuse element material is sandwiched between the first electrode and the bent second electrode. support.
Description
本發明係關於一種保護元件。 The invention relates to a protection element.
本案係基於2018年11月7日於日本申請之日本專利特願2018-209897號主張優先權，並將其內容引用於此。 This case claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-209897, which was filed in Japan on November 7, 2018, and the contents are cited here.
先前，將具備於超過額定之電流流過時發熱並熔斷而將電流路徑截斷之保險絲元件之保護元件(保險絲元件)用作電路之保護元件。 Previously, a protective element (fuse element) having a fuse element that generates heat and melts when a current exceeding a rated current flows, thereby blocking the current path, has been used as a circuit protection element.
作為保護元件，例如較多地使用玻璃管中封入有焊料之保險盒固定型保險絲、於陶瓷基板表面印刷有Ag電極之晶片保險絲、使銅電極之一部分變細裝入至塑膠盒中之螺夾或***型保護元件等。 As protective components, for example, fuse box-fixed fuses with solder enclosed in a glass tube, chip fuses with Ag electrodes printed on the surface of ceramic substrates, and screw clips in which a part of the copper electrode is tapered and packed into a plastic box are commonly used. Or plug-in protection components, etc.
該保護元件難以藉由回焊進行表面安裝，零件安裝之效率變低，因此，近年來開發出表面安裝型保護元件(例如參照專利文獻1、2)。 This protective element is difficult to surface mount by reflow, and the efficiency of component mounting becomes low. Therefore, in recent years, surface-mounted protective elements have been developed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
表面安裝型保護元件例如用作使用鋰離子二次電池之電池組之過充電或過電流之保護元件。鋰離子二次電池用於筆記型電腦、行動電話、智慧型手機等行動機器，近年來亦用於電動工具、電動腳踏車、電動機車及電動汽車等。因此，一直要求大電流、高電壓用保護元件。 The surface-mounted protection element is used, for example, as an overcharge or overcurrent protection element for a battery pack using a lithium-ion secondary battery. Lithium-ion secondary batteries are used in mobile devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, and smartphones. In recent years, they are also used in power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles. Therefore, there has been a demand for protective components for large currents and high voltages.
於高電壓用保護元件，當保險絲元件熔斷時可能產生電弧放電。若產生電弧放電，則存在保險絲元件大範圍地熔融，蒸汽化之金屬 飛散之情形。於此情形時，存在藉由飛散之金屬重新形成電流路徑，或者飛散之金屬附著於端子或周圍之電子零件等之虞。因此，於高電壓用保護元件，實施了不產生電弧放電或停止電弧放電之對策。 For high voltage protection components, arc discharge may occur when the fuse component blows. If arc discharge occurs, there will be large-scale melting and vaporization of metal in the fuse element. The situation of scattering. In this case, there is a risk that the current path may be re-formed by the scattered metal, or that the scattered metal may adhere to terminals or surrounding electronic components. Therefore, measures to prevent or stop arc discharge are implemented in high-voltage protective devices.
作為不產生電弧放電或停止電弧放電之對策，已知有於保險絲元件之周圍裝滿消弧材(例如參照專利文獻3)。 As a measure to prevent arc discharge or to stop arc discharge, it is known to fill the periphery of a fuse element with an arc extinguishing material (for example, see Patent Document 3).
又，作為停止電弧放電之其他方法，已知有將保險絲元件與蓄積著彈性恢復力之狀態之彈簧串聯地連接由低熔點金屬接合之類型之保護元件(例如參照專利文獻4~6)。於此種類型之保護元件中，當過電流流過導致低熔點金屬熔融時，藉由彈簧之彈性恢復力促進彈簧與保險絲元件之分離，從而能夠迅速地截斷過電流。 As another method for stopping arc discharge, a protection element of a type in which a fuse element and a spring accumulating elastic restoring force are connected in series and joined by a low-melting point metal are known (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 to 6). In this type of protection element, when overcurrent flows and the low-melting-point metal melts, the elastic restoring force of the spring promotes the separation of the spring and the fuse element, thereby quickly cutting off the overcurrent.
電弧放電依存於電場強度(電壓/距離)，電弧放電於接點間距離成為某一間隔以上之前不停止。因此，使用彈簧之類型之保護元件利用彈簧之彈性恢復力，將彈簧與保險絲元件迅速地分離至無法維持電弧放電之距離，藉此迅速地停止電弧放電。 Arc discharge depends on the electric field strength (voltage/distance), and the arc discharge does not stop until the distance between contacts becomes more than a certain interval. Therefore, using a spring-type protection element utilizes the elastic restoring force of the spring to quickly separate the spring and the fuse element to a distance where the arc discharge cannot be maintained, thereby quickly stopping the arc discharge.
[專利文獻1]日本專利第6249600號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 6249600
[專利文獻2]日本專利第6249602號公報 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent No. 6249602
[專利文獻3]日本專利第4192266號公報 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent No. 4192266
[專利文獻4]日本專利特開平6-84446號公報 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-84446
[專利文獻5]日本專利特開2006-59568號公報 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-59568
[專利文獻6]日本專利特開2012-234774號公報 [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-234774
然而，存在如下顧慮，即，上述使用消弧材之保護元件係製造步驟變得複雜，保護元件之小型化較難，從而阻止保護元件內之發熱體之發熱導致之保險絲元件材之熔斷。 However, there are concerns that the manufacturing steps of the above-mentioned protective element using arc-extinguishing materials become complicated, and it is difficult to miniaturize the protective element, thereby preventing the fuse element material from melting due to the heat generated by the heating element in the protective element.
又，上述利用彈簧之保護元件係於使用環境下保險絲元件與彈簧之接合強度容易因經時變化而降低，長期穩定性受到關注。 In addition, the above-mentioned protection element using a spring is prone to decrease in the joint strength between the fuse element and the spring due to changes over time under the usage environment, and long-term stability has attracted attention.
本發明係鑒於上述問題而完成者，其目的在於提供一種能夠一面確保長期穩定性，一面利用彈簧之彈性恢復力迅速地停止過電流截斷時之電弧放電之保護元件。 The present invention was made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a protective element that can quickly stop arc discharge during overcurrent interruption by utilizing the elastic restoring force of the spring while ensuring long-term stability.
本發明為解決上述課題而提供以下方法。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the following methods.
(1)本發明之一態樣之保護元件具備第1電極、具有彈性之第2電極、及配置於上述第1電極與上述第2電極之間之保險絲元件材，上述保險絲元件材由上述第1電極與彎曲狀態之上述第2電極夾著支持。 (1) A protective element according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first electrode, an elastic second electrode, and a fuse element material arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the fuse element material is composed of the above-mentioned first electrode. The first electrode is sandwiched and supported by the second electrode in a bent state.
(2)如上述(1)之態樣，其中可自上述第1電極及上述第2電極向上述保險絲元件材賦予如過電流流過時剪切上述保險絲元件材之剪力。 (2) The aspect of (1) above, wherein a shearing force capable of shearing the fuse element material when an overcurrent flows is imparted to the fuse element material from the first electrode and the second electrode.
(3)如上述(1)或(2)之態樣，其中上述第1電極及上述第2電極之至少一者與上述保險絲元件材可藉由焊料而接合。 (3) The aspect of (1) or (2) above, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode and the fuse element material can be joined by solder.
(4)如上述(1)至(3)中任一項之態樣，其中上述第1電極及上述第2電極可分別於其一端具備爪部，且上述保險絲元件材可由上述第1電極之爪部與上述第2電極之爪部夾著支持。 (4) As in any one of the above (1) to (3), the first electrode and the second electrode may each have a claw portion at one end thereof, and the fuse element material may be made of the first electrode. The claw portion is sandwiched and supported by the claw portion of the second electrode.
(5)如上述(4)之態樣，其中上述第1電極及上述第2電極可 分別具備一個或複數個上述爪部，且上述保險絲元件材可由上述第1電極之爪部與上述第2電極之爪部交替排列3個以上地夾著支持。 (5) As in the above (4), the above-mentioned first electrode and the above-mentioned second electrode may Each has one or a plurality of the claws, and the fuse element material can be sandwiched and supported by three or more claws of the first electrode and claws of the second electrode arranged alternately.
(6)如上述(4)或(5)之態樣，其中上述第1電極及上述第2電極所具備之上述爪部之至少一部分之爪部之前端可向上述保險絲元件材側彎折。 (6) The aspect of (4) or (5) above, wherein the front end of at least part of the claw portions of the first electrode and the second electrode can be bent toward the fuse element material side.
(7)如上述(1)至(6)中任一項之態樣，其中上述第1電極具有彈性，上述保險絲元件材可由彎曲狀態之上述第1電極與彎曲狀態之上述第2電極夾著支持。 (7) The aspect of any one of the above (1) to (6), wherein the first electrode has elasticity, and the fuse element material can be sandwiched between the first electrode in a bent state and the second electrode in a bent state. support.
(8)如上述(1)至(7)中任一項之態樣，其中上述保險絲元件材可包含含有高熔點金屬層及低熔點金屬層之積層體。 (8) In any one of the above (1) to (7), the fuse element material may include a laminate containing a high melting point metal layer and a low melting point metal layer.
(9)如上述(8)之態樣，其中上述低熔點金屬層可包含無Pb焊料，上述高熔點金屬層可包含Ag或Cu、或者以Ag或Cu為主成分之合金。 (9) As in the above aspect (8), the low-melting-point metal layer may include Pb-free solder, and the high-melting-point metal layer may include Ag or Cu, or an alloy containing Ag or Cu as the main component.
(10)如上述(1)至(9)中任一項之態樣，其中上述第1電極及上述第2電極可分別具備外部端子孔。 (10) In any one of the above (1) to (9), the first electrode and the second electrode may each have an external terminal hole.
(11)如上述(1)至(10)中任一項之態樣，其中可於上述第1電極連接有第1端子構件，且於上述第2電極連接有第2端子構件。 (11) In any one of the above (1) to (10), a first terminal member may be connected to the first electrode, and a second terminal member may be connected to the second electrode.
(12)如上述(1)至(11)中任一項之態樣，其可更具備將上述保險絲元件材加熱之發熱體、及向上述發熱體通電之第3電極。 (12) As in any one of the above (1) to (11), it may further include a heating element that heats the fuse element material, and a third electrode that energizes the heating element.
(13)如上述(12)之態樣，其中上述發熱體係一端可連接於上述第3電極，另一端可連接於上述保險絲元件材、上述第1電極及上述第2電極中之至少1者。 (13) The aspect of (12) above, wherein one end of the heating system can be connected to the third electrode, and the other end can be connected to at least one of the above fuse element material, the above first electrode, and the above second electrode.
(14)如上述(12)或(13)之態樣，其中可於上述第3電極連接 有第3端子構件。 (14) As in (12) or (13) above, it can be connected to the third electrode There is a 3rd terminal member.
根據本發明，能夠提供一種可一面確保長期穩定性，一面利用彈簧之彈性恢復力迅速停止過電流截斷時之電弧放電之保護元件。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a protective element that can quickly stop arc discharge during overcurrent interruption by utilizing the elastic restoring force of the spring while ensuring long-term stability.
1:第1電極 1: 1st electrode
1A:第1電極之一端 1A: One end of the first electrode
1a:爪部 1a: Claw
1aA:前端 1aA: Front-end
1aAa:彎曲部 1aAa: bending part
2:第2電極 2: 2nd electrode
2A:第2電極之一端 2A: One end of the second electrode
2a:爪部 2a: Claw
2aA:前端 2aA: Front-end
2aAa:彎曲部 2aAa: bending part
2b:爪部 2b: Claw
2bA:前端 2bA: Front-end
2bAa:彎曲部 2bAa: bending part
3:保險絲元件材 3: Fuse component material
3':保險絲元件材3斷開而成者 3': The fuse element material 3 is cut off
3A:積層體(保險絲元件材) 3A:Laminated body (fuse element material)
3Aa:低熔點金屬層 3Aa: low melting point metal layer
3Ab:高熔點金屬層 3Ab: high melting point metal layer
3B:積層體(保險絲元件材) 3B:Laminated body (fuse element material)
3Ba:低熔點金屬層 3Ba: low melting point metal layer
3Bb:高熔點金屬層 3Bb: high melting point metal layer
3C:積層體(保險絲元件材) 3C: Laminated body (fuse element material)
3Ca:低熔點金屬層 3Ca: low melting point metal layer
3Cb:高熔點金屬層 3Cb: high melting point metal layer
3D:積層體(保險絲元件材) 3D:Laminated body (fuse element material)
3Da:低熔點金屬層 3Da: low melting point metal layer
3Db:高熔點金屬層 3Db: high melting point metal layer
3Dc:高熔點金屬層 3Dc: high melting point metal layer
5:第1端子構件 5: 1st terminal member
6:第2端子構件 6: 2nd terminal member
7:第3端子構件 7: 3rd terminal member
8:護蓋 8: Protective cover
8A:上部護蓋 8A: Upper cover
8B:下部護蓋 8B:Lower cover
21:第1電極 21: 1st electrode
21a:爪部 21a:Claw
21b:爪部 21b:Claw
41:第1電極 41: 1st electrode
41A:第1電極之一端 41A: One end of the first electrode
41AA:第1電極 41AA: 1st electrode
41a:爪部 41a:Claw
42:第2電極 42: 2nd electrode
42A:第2電極之一端 42A: One end of the second electrode
42AA:第2電極 42AA: 2nd electrode
42a:爪部 42a: Claw
42b:爪部 42b: Claw
45:外部端子孔 45:External terminal hole
45A:外部端子孔 45A: External terminal hole
45Aa:開放部 45Aa: Open Department
46:外部端子孔 46:External terminal hole
46A:外部端子孔 46A: External terminal hole
46Aa:開放部 46Aa: Open Department
51:第1電極 51: 1st electrode
51A:第1電極之一端 51A: One end of the first electrode
51a:爪部 51a: Claw
51aA:前端 51aA: Front-end
51aAa:彎曲部 51aAa: Bend part
51B:第1電極之去除爪部之部分 51B: Part of the first electrode with the claws removed
52:第2電極 52: 2nd electrode
52A:第2電極之一端 52A: One end of the second electrode
52a:爪部 52a: Claw
52aA:前端 52aA: Front end
52aAa:彎曲部 52aAa: Bend part
52B:第2電極之去除爪部之部分 52B: Part of the second electrode with the claws removed
52b:爪部 52b: Claw
55:外部端子孔 55:External terminal hole
56:外部端子孔 56:External terminal hole
61:第1電極 61: 1st electrode
61a:爪部 61a: Claw
61aA:前端 61aA: Front end
61aAa:彎曲部 61aAa: Bend part
61B:第1電極之去除爪部之部分 61B: Part of the first electrode with the claws removed
61b:爪部 61b:Claw
65:外部端子孔 65:External terminal hole
70:發熱體 70: Heating element
80:第3電極 80: 3rd electrode
81:外部端子孔 81:External terminal hole
90:連結部 90:Connection Department
100:保護元件 100:Protective components
200:保護元件 200:Protective components
400:保護元件 400:Protective components
400A:保護元件 400A: Protection element
500:保護元件 500:Protective components
600:保護元件 600:Protective components
700:保護元件 700:Protective components
800:保護元件 800: Protection components
900:保護元件 900:Protective components
圖1係第1實施形態之保護元件之一例之俯視模式圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an example of the protection element according to the first embodiment.
圖2係藉由圖1中之II-II'線切割圖1所示之保護元件而成之剖面模式圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element shown in FIG. 1 cut along line II-II' in FIG. 1 .
圖3係藉由圖1中之III-III'線切割圖1所示之保護元件而成之剖面模式圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element shown in FIG. 1 cut along line III-III' in FIG. 1 .
圖4係第1實施形態之保護元件之其他一例之俯視模式圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of another example of the protection element according to the first embodiment.
圖5係模式性地表示能夠用於第1實施形態之保護元件之保險絲元件材之構造之一例之立體圖。 FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the structure of a fuse element material that can be used in the protection element of the first embodiment.
圖6係模式性地表示能夠用於第1實施形態之保護元件之保險絲元件材之構造之其他一例之立體圖。 FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the structure of a fuse element material that can be used in the protection element of the first embodiment.
圖7係模式性地表示能夠用於第1實施形態之保護元件之保險絲元件材之構造之進而其他一例之立體圖。 FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the structure of a fuse element material that can be used in the protection element of the first embodiment.
圖8係模式性地表示能夠用於第1實施形態之保護元件之保險絲元件材之構造之進而其他一例之立體圖。 FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the structure of a fuse element material that can be used in the protection element of the first embodiment.
圖9係第2實施形態之保護元件之一例之俯視模式圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of an example of the protection element according to the second embodiment.
圖10係第2實施形態之保護元件之其他一例之俯視模式圖。 FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of another example of the protection element according to the second embodiment.
圖11係第3實施形態之保護元件之立體模式圖。 Fig. 11 is a perspective schematic view of the protection element of the third embodiment.
圖12係自圖11所示之箭頭A之方向觀察圖11所示之保護元件所得之側視模式圖。 FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the protective element shown in FIG. 11 viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 11 .
圖13係圖11及圖12所示之保護元件中保險絲元件材之切斷後之立體模式圖。 FIG. 13 is a perspective schematic view of the fuse element material of the protective element shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 after being cut away.
圖14係自圖13所示之箭頭A之方向觀察圖13所示之保護元件所得之側視模式圖。 FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of the protective element shown in FIG. 13 viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 13 .
圖15係第3實施形態之保護元件之其他一例之立體模式圖。 FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of another example of the protective element according to the third embodiment.
圖16係圖15所示之保護元件中保險絲元件材之切斷後之立體模式圖。 FIG. 16 is a perspective schematic view of the fuse element material of the protective element shown in FIG. 15 after being cut.
圖17係圖11及圖12所示之保護元件中藉由護蓋覆蓋包含保險絲元件材之部分之態樣之模式圖，且係藉由上部護蓋及下部護蓋覆蓋之狀態之立體模式圖。 Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a portion of the protective element shown in Figs. 11 and 12 including the fuse element material is covered with a protective cover, and is a perspective schematic diagram of the state of being covered by an upper protective cover and a lower protective cover. .
圖18係已將圖15之上部護蓋拆除之狀態之立體模式圖。 Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the state in which the upper protective cover of Fig. 15 has been removed.
圖19係第4實施形態之保護元件之立體模式圖。 Fig. 19 is a perspective schematic diagram of the protection element of the fourth embodiment.
圖20係自與圖19相反側觀察圖19所示之保護元件所得之立體模式圖。 FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the protective element shown in FIG. 19 viewed from the opposite side to FIG. 19 .
圖21係圖19及圖20所示之保護元件中保險絲元件材之切斷後之立體模式圖，且係對應於圖19之圖。 FIG. 21 is a perspective schematic view of the fuse element material in the protective element shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 after cutting, and corresponds to the view of FIG. 19 .
圖22係圖19及圖20所示之保護元件中保險絲元件材之切斷後之立體模式圖，且係對應於圖20之圖。 FIG. 22 is a perspective schematic view of the fuse element material in the protective element shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 after cutting, and corresponds to the view of FIG. 20 .
圖23係第5實施形態之保護元件之立體模式圖。 Fig. 23 is a perspective schematic view of the protective element according to the fifth embodiment.
圖24係自圖23所示之箭頭A之方向觀察圖23所示之保護元件所得之側視模式圖。 FIG. 24 is a schematic side view of the protective element shown in FIG. 23 viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 23 .
圖25係自與圖23對應之方向觀察圖23及圖24所示之保護元件中已將保險絲元件材切斷之狀態所得之立體模式圖。 FIG. 25 is a perspective schematic view of the protective element shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 in a state in which the fuse element material has been cut, viewed from a direction corresponding to FIG. 23 .
圖26係自與圖24對應之方向觀察圖23及圖24所示之保護元件中已將保險絲元件材切斷之狀態所得之側視模式圖。 FIG. 26 is a schematic side view of the protective element shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 in a state in which the fuse element material has been cut, viewed from a direction corresponding to FIG. 24 .
圖27係第6實施形態之保護元件之立體模式圖。 Fig. 27 is a schematic perspective view of the protective element according to the sixth embodiment.
以下，一面適當參照圖一面詳細地對本實施形態進行說明。以下說明中使用之圖式存在為使特徵容易理解而方便起見將成為特徵之部分放大表示之情形，且存在各構成要素之尺寸比率等與實際不同之情況。以下說明中例示之材料、尺寸等係為一例，本發明不限定於該等，可於實現本發明之效果之範圍內適當變更而實施。 Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in detail with appropriate reference to the drawings. In the drawings used in the following description, the characteristic parts may be enlarged for the convenience of easy understanding of the characteristics, and the dimensional ratios of each component may be different from the actual ones. The materials, dimensions, etc. illustrated in the following description are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these, and can be implemented with appropriate changes within the scope of achieving the effects of the present invention.
圖1係第1實施形態之保護元件之一例之俯視模式圖。圖2係藉由圖1中之II-II'線切割圖1所示之保護元件而成之剖面模式圖，圖3係藉由圖1中之III-III'線切割圖1所示之保護元件而成之剖面模式圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an example of the protection element according to the first embodiment. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element shown in Figure 1 cut along line II-II' in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective element shown in Figure 1 cut along line III-III' in Figure 1 Cross-sectional model diagram of components.
圖1~圖3所示之保護元件100具備第1電極1、具有彈性之第2電極2、及配置於第1電極1與第2電極2之間之保險絲元件材3。保險絲元件材3係由第1電極1與彎曲狀態之第2電極2夾著支持。 The protection element 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a first electrode 1 , an elastic second electrode 2 , and a fuse element material 3 arranged between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 . The fuse element material 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 in a bent state.
第1電極1包含導電材料。作為導電材料，例如可使用金屬(包含合金)。作為具體之導電材料之例，可列舉銅、黃銅、鎳、不鏽鋼、42合金 等。於第1電極1自身亦與第2電極2相同地具有彈性之情形時，可使用與第2電極2相同之材料，下文敍述。 The first electrode 1 contains a conductive material. As the conductive material, for example, metal (including alloys) can be used. Specific examples of conductive materials include copper, brass, nickel, stainless steel, and 42 alloy. wait. When the first electrode 1 itself has the same elasticity as the second electrode 2, the same material as the second electrode 2 can be used, as described below.
第1電極1之形狀(下述爪部以外之部分之形狀)係圖1所示者於俯視下整體為長方形，但只要實現本發明之效果，則可使用任意形狀。於圖1所示之例中，第1電極1為板狀構件。 The shape of the first electrode 1 (the shape of the portion other than the claws described below) is a rectangle as a whole in a plan view as shown in FIG. 1 , but any shape may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are achieved. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the first electrode 1 is a plate-shaped member.
於圖1所示之例中，第1電極1於其一端1A具備用以穩定地支持保險絲元件材3之爪部1a。又，於圖1所示之例中，第1電極1所具備之爪部1a之前端1aA具備為了能夠更穩定地支持保險絲元件材3而向保險絲元件材3側彎折之彎曲部1aAa。即，彎曲部1aAa具有防止保險絲元件材3脫落之功能。 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the first electrode 1 has a claw portion 1 a for stably supporting the fuse element material 3 at one end 1A. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the front end 1aA of the claw portion 1a of the first electrode 1 has a bent portion 1aAa bent toward the fuse element material 3 in order to support the fuse element material 3 more stably. That is, the bent portion 1aAa has the function of preventing the fuse element material 3 from falling off.
於圖1所示之例中，第1電極1所具備之爪部為1個，但爪部之數量亦可為2個以上。於具備複數個爪部之情形時，該等爪部可彼此相同，亦可不同。又，一端1A中之爪部1a之位置只要能夠穩定地支持則可任意選定。 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the first electrode 1 has one claw portion, but the number of the claw portions may be two or more. When there are a plurality of claw parts, the claw parts may be the same as each other or may be different. In addition, the position of the claw portion 1a in the one end 1A can be selected arbitrarily as long as it can be stably supported.
圖4係第1實施形態之保護元件之其他一例之俯視模式圖。圖4所示之保護元件200係第1電極21具備2個爪部(21a、21b)。於圖4中，符號與圖1相同之構件作為相同之構件而省略說明。 FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of another example of the protection element according to the first embodiment. The protective element 200 shown in FIG. 4 has the first electrode 21 having two claw portions (21a, 21b). In FIG. 4 , components with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are regarded as the same components and description thereof is omitted.
作為第1電極1之厚度，並無限定，就其標準而言可設為0.05~0.5mm。 The thickness of the first electrode 1 is not limited, but can be set to 0.05 to 0.5 mm as a standard.
第2電極2包含具有彈性之導電材料。作為具有彈性之導電材料，可例示金屬(包含合金)。其中，較佳為低電阻且適於板彈簧材料之金屬材料 (包含合金)，作為具體之材料，可列舉磷青銅、銅合金、鈦銅、卡遜合金、鈹銅等。 The second electrode 2 includes an elastic conductive material. Examples of the elastic conductive material include metals (including alloys). Among them, metal materials with low resistance and suitable for leaf spring materials are preferred. (Including alloys). Specific materials include phosphor bronze, copper alloy, titanium copper, Carson alloy, beryllium copper, etc.
此處，本說明書中所謂之「彈性」係指當施加力時產生變形，當解除力時恢復原狀之性質，具體而言，表示以彎曲狀態支持保險絲元件材3之電極於過電流導致保險絲元件材3切斷後返回彎曲前之位置。即，於本實施形態之保護元件100中，於使電極在可彈性變形範圍內彎曲之狀態下，以夾持之方式支持保險絲元件材3。設為彎曲狀態者既可為電極整體，亦可為電極之一部分。於電極之一部分以彎曲之狀態支持保險絲元件材3之情形(例如圖1之情形)時，負責彈性者為彎曲之電極之該一部分。 Here, "elasticity" as used in this specification refers to the property of deforming when a force is applied and returning to the original shape when the force is removed. Specifically, it means that the electrodes supporting the fuse element material 3 in a bent state cause the fuse element to deform due to an overcurrent. After cutting, the material 3 returns to the position before bending. That is, in the protection element 100 of this embodiment, the fuse element material 3 is supported by clamping in a state where the electrode is bent within the elastically deformable range. The one in the bent state may be the entire electrode or a part of the electrode. When a part of the electrode supports the fuse element material 3 in a bent state (for example, the situation in FIG. 1 ), the part of the bent electrode is responsible for the elasticity.
第2電極2之形狀係圖1所示者於俯視下整體為長方形，但只要實現本發明之效果，則亦能夠使用任意形狀。於圖1所示之例中，第2電極2為板狀構件。 The shape of the second electrode 2 is a rectangle as a whole in a plan view as shown in FIG. 1 , but any shape can be used as long as the effects of the present invention are achieved. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the second electrode 2 is a plate-shaped member.
於圖1所示之例中，第2電極2於其一端2A具備用以支持保險絲元件材3之爪部2a、爪部2b。又，於圖1所示之例中，第2電極2所具備之爪部2a之前端2aA具備為了能夠更穩定地支持保險絲元件材3而向保險絲元件材3側彎折之彎曲部2aAa。爪部2b之前端2bA亦具備彎曲部2bAa。於圖1所示之例中，第2電極2具備2個爪部2a、2b，但爪部之數量亦可為1個，又，亦可為3個以上。 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the second electrode 2 has a claw portion 2 a and a claw portion 2 b for supporting the fuse element material 3 at its one end 2A. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the front end 2aA of the claw portion 2a of the second electrode 2 has a bent portion 2aAa bent toward the fuse element material 3 in order to support the fuse element material 3 more stably. The front end 2bA of the claw part 2b also has a curved part 2bAa. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the second electrode 2 has two claw portions 2 a and 2 b, but the number of claw portions may be one, or three or more.
於如圖1所示之例般具備複數個爪部2a、2b之情形時，該等爪部可彼此相同，亦可不同。如圖1所示之例般，因以使第2電極2中爪部2a、2b彎曲之狀態支持保險絲元件材3，故爪部2a、2b之構成(寬度、厚度、或形狀等)較大地影響保險絲元件材3之切斷或剪切。 When a plurality of claw portions 2a and 2b are provided as in the example shown in FIG. 1 , the claw portions may be the same as each other or may be different. As shown in FIG. 1 , since the claw portions 2a and 2b of the second electrode 2 are bent to support the fuse element material 3, the structure (width, thickness, shape, etc.) of the claw portions 2a and 2b is greatly increased. Affect the cutting or shearing of the fuse component material 3.
此處，本說明書所謂之「剪切」係指如剪斷保險絲元件材之作用。又，下述所謂「剪力」係當使彼此反向之一對力平行地作用於保險絲元件材3之某一剖面時，保險絲元件材3受到如沿著該面滑移切割之作用，而賦予此種作用之力。自第1電極1之爪部1a及第2電極2之爪部2a、2b之各者向保險絲元件材3賦予彼此反向之一對力。 Here, the term “cutting” in this manual refers to an action such as cutting off the fuse element material. In addition, the so-called "shear force" below means that when a pair of forces in opposite directions act parallel to a certain cross section of the fuse element material 3, the fuse element material 3 is subjected to an action such as sliding cutting along the surface, and Give it the power to do this. Each of the claw portion 1 a of the first electrode 1 and the claw portions 2 a and 2 b of the second electrode 2 imparts a pair of forces in opposite directions to the fuse element material 3 .
作為第2電極2之厚度，並無限定，但就其標準而言，可設為0.05~0.5mm。 The thickness of the second electrode 2 is not limited, but as a standard, it can be set to 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
第2電極2之厚度係整體可為相同厚度，但亦可具有厚度不同之部分。例如，設為僅使將保險絲元件材3夾著支持之部分(圖1之例中為爪部2a、2b)變薄而未使除此以外之部分變薄之構成，藉此，能夠一面維持作為與外部之連接端子之剛性，一面提昇夾持保險絲元件材之彈性。 The thickness of the second electrode 2 may be the same thickness as a whole, but may also have portions with different thicknesses. For example, by thinning only the portions (claw portions 2a and 2b in the example of FIG. 1 ) that sandwich and support the fuse element material 3 without thinning the other portions, it is possible to maintain the As the rigidity of the connection terminal with the outside, the elasticity of the material holding the fuse element is improved.
作為使第2電極2之一部分變薄之方法，例如可使用壓延等公知之金屬加工之方法。 As a method of thinning a part of the second electrode 2, a known metal processing method such as rolling can be used.
作為保險絲元件材3，可使用公知之保險絲元件中使用之材料。保險絲元件材3係即便於具備保護元件之裝置通常作動過程中之通電引起之溫度下施加力，亦不實質(於實現本發明之效果之範圍內)變形之構件。其原因在於，若並非如此，則保險絲元件材3經時地變形，無法實現作為保險絲元件材之功能。因此，保險絲元件材3並非施加力後變形之薄片等，而是即便施加力亦不變形之塊材(板狀、棒狀、角材狀等)。 As the fuse element material 3, materials used in known fuse elements can be used. The fuse element material 3 is a member that does not substantially deform (within the scope of achieving the effects of the present invention) when a force is applied at temperatures caused by energization during normal operation of a device equipped with a protective element. The reason for this is that if this is not the case, the fuse element material 3 will deform over time and will not be able to fulfill its function as the fuse element material. Therefore, the fuse element material 3 is not a sheet or the like that deforms when a force is applied, but a block material (plate-shaped, rod-shaped, angular-shaped, etc.) that does not deform even if a force is applied.
保險絲元件材3由第1電極1與彎曲狀態之第2電極2夾著支持。更詳細而言，於圖1~圖3所示之例中，保險絲元件材3係由第1電極1 具備之爪部1a與第2電極2具備之彎曲狀態之爪部2a、爪部2b以夾著之狀態支持。此處，第1電極1具備之爪部1a與第2電極2具備之爪部2a、2b如圖1所示較佳為交替排列地配置。即，較佳為以俯視下不重疊之方式依序配置爪部2a、爪部1a、爪部2b。 The fuse element material 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 in a bent state. More specifically, in the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the fuse element material 3 is composed of the first electrode 1 The claw portion 1 a provided and the claw portion 2 a and the claw portion 2 b provided in the second electrode 2 are supported in a sandwiched state. Here, it is preferable that the claw portion 1a of the first electrode 1 and the claw portions 2a and 2b of the second electrode 2 are arranged alternately as shown in FIG. 1 . That is, it is preferable to arrange the claw part 2a, the claw part 1a, and the claw part 2b in order so that they may not overlap in plan view.
保險絲元件材3之尺寸(視形狀為厚度、寬度、長度等)若為不因通常作動過程中之通電(實現本發明之效果之範圍內)而變形之構成，則可採用過電流流過後可由第1電極1與彎曲狀態之第2電極2切斷之任意尺寸。 If the dimensions (thickness, width, length, etc. depending on the shape) of the fuse element material 3 are not deformed by energization during normal operation (within the scope of achieving the effects of the present invention), then the fuse element material 3 can be configured to be deformed after the overcurrent flows. The first electrode 1 is cut into any size from the second electrode 2 in a bent state.
於保護元件100中，使具有彈性之第2電極2之爪部2a、2b於彎曲狀態下與第1電極1之爪部1a一同自上下夾著支持保險絲元件材3。第2電極2以返回第1電極1之爪部1a側之方式彎曲。因此，保險絲元件材3中自第2電極2之爪部2a、2b向第1電極1之爪部1a賦予力，並且自第1電極1向第2電極2賦予力。即，自第1電極1與第2電極2向保險絲元件材3反向地賦予力。 In the protective element 100, the elastic claw portions 2a and 2b of the second electrode 2 are bent together with the claw portion 1a of the first electrode 1 to support the fuse element material 3 from above and below. The second electrode 2 is bent so as to return to the claw portion 1a side of the first electrode 1 . Therefore, in the fuse element material 3 , a force is applied from the claw portions 2 a and 2 b of the second electrode 2 to the claw portion 1 a of the first electrode 1 , and a force is applied from the first electrode 1 to the second electrode 2 . That is, force is applied from the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 to the fuse element material 3 in the opposite direction.
於該狀態下，過電流流入具備保護元件100之裝置，保險絲元件材3之溫度變得高於通常之作動過程中之通電產生之溫度，其結果，當保險絲元件材3變軟或半熔融時，保險絲元件材3被自第1電極1之爪部1a與第2電極2之爪部2a、2b賦予之力切斷或剪切，從而截斷電路電流。如此，於保護元件100中，物理地切斷保險絲元件材3自身之方面不同於將保險絲元件與彈簧之接合切離之上述彈簧利用類型之保護元件。可認為不僅於保險絲元件材3在未熔融而僅變軟之狀態下被切斷之情形，而且於一部分未熔融之狀態下被切斷之情形時，可謂上述剪力之剪切之情形較多，但亦可於不能稱為剪力之剪切之態樣下切斷保險絲元件材3。 In this state, an overcurrent flows into the device equipped with the protective element 100, and the temperature of the fuse element material 3 becomes higher than that caused by energization during normal operation. As a result, the fuse element material 3 becomes soft or semi-melted. The fuse element material 3 is cut or sheared by the force imparted from the claw portion 1a of the first electrode 1 and the claw portions 2a and 2b of the second electrode 2, thereby interrupting the circuit current. Thus, in the protective element 100, the point of physically cutting off the fuse element material 3 itself is different from the above-mentioned spring utilizing type protective element which cuts off the engagement between the fuse element and the spring. It is considered that there are many cases where the fuse element material 3 is cut not only in a state where it is not melted but only softened, but also when a part of it is cut in a state where it is not melted. It can be said that shearing by the above shear force is common. , but the fuse element material 3 can also be cut under a shearing state that cannot be called shearing force.
又，電弧放電依存於與距離成反比之電場強度，因此切斷後之保險絲元件材3必須增大切斷面彼此之距離。保護元件100係藉由第1電極1之爪部1a切斷之保險絲元件材3之切斷面與藉由第2電極2之爪部2a、2b切斷之保險絲元件材3之切斷面之距離因第2電極2之爪部2a、2b之彈性恢復力(因彈性而恢復原狀之力)而急速變大。因此，能夠迅速地停止電弧放電。 In addition, arc discharge depends on the electric field intensity which is inversely proportional to the distance. Therefore, the distance between the cut surfaces of the cut fuse element material 3 must be increased. The protective element 100 is a cross-section of the fuse element material 3 cut by the claw portion 1 a of the first electrode 1 and a cross-section of the fuse element material 3 cut by the claw portions 2 a and 2 b of the second electrode 2 . The distance rapidly increases due to the elastic restoring force (the force to return to the original shape due to elasticity) of the claw portions 2a and 2b of the second electrode 2. Therefore, arc discharge can be stopped quickly.
又，保護元件100能夠於保險絲元件材3達到熔融狀態前變軟之溫度、即低於達到熔融狀態之溫度之溫度下切斷保險絲元件材3，因此，能夠降低電弧放電之產生風險。 In addition, the protection element 100 can cut the fuse element material 3 at a temperature at which the fuse element material 3 softens before reaching a molten state, that is, at a temperature lower than the temperature at which it reaches a molten state. Therefore, the risk of arc discharge can be reduced.
保險絲元件材3可設為由包含高熔點金屬層及低熔點金屬層之積層體構成者。於該構成之情形時，一面藉由高熔點金屬層維持保險絲元件材3之剛性，一面藉由具備低熔點金屬層使保險絲元件材3於低溫下變得柔軟或成為半熔融狀態，從而能夠切斷保險絲元件材。 The fuse element material 3 may be composed of a laminate including a high-melting-point metal layer and a low-melting-point metal layer. In this configuration, while the rigidity of the fuse element material 3 is maintained by the high-melting-point metal layer, the fuse element material 3 becomes soft or semi-molten at low temperatures by providing the low-melting-point metal layer, so that it can be cut. Broken fuse component material.
作為低熔點金屬層中使用之低熔點金屬，較佳為使用以Sn為主成分之無Pb焊料等焊料。其原因在於，Sn係熔點為217℃，因此，以Sn為主成分之焊料為低熔點，於低溫下變軟。 As the low-melting-point metal used in the low-melting-point metal layer, it is preferable to use solder such as Pb-free solder containing Sn as the main component. The reason is that the melting point of Sn is 217°C. Therefore, solder containing Sn as the main component has a low melting point and becomes soft at low temperatures.
作為高熔點金屬層中使用之高熔點金屬，較佳為使用Ag、Cu或以該等為主成分之合金等。其原因在於，例如，Ag係熔點為962℃，因此，包含以Ag為主成分之合金之高熔點金屬層能夠於低熔點金屬層變軟之溫度下維持剛性。 As the high-melting-point metal used in the high-melting-point metal layer, it is preferable to use Ag, Cu, or alloys containing these as main components. The reason for this is that, for example, the melting point of Ag is 962°C. Therefore, the high-melting-point metal layer containing an alloy containing Ag as the main component can maintain rigidity at a temperature at which the low-melting-point metal layer softens.
作為積層體之構造，可採用各種構造。將模式性地表示積層體之構造之例之立體圖示於圖5~圖8。 As the structure of the laminated body, various structures can be adopted. Figures 5 to 8 are perspective views schematically showing examples of the structure of the laminated body.
圖5所示之積層體(保險絲元件材)3A為方形狀或板狀，且 將低熔點金屬層3Aa作為內層，將高熔點金屬層3Ab作為外層。亦可將低熔點金屬層3Aa設為外層，將高熔點金屬層3Ab設為內層。 The laminated body (fuse element material) 3A shown in Fig. 5 has a square shape or a plate shape, and The low-melting-point metal layer 3Aa is an inner layer, and the high-melting-point metal layer 3Ab is an outer layer. The low-melting-point metal layer 3Aa may be an outer layer, and the high-melting-point metal layer 3Ab may be an inner layer.
圖6所示之積層體(保險絲元件材)3B為圓桿狀，且將低熔點金屬層3Ba作為內層，將高熔點金屬層3Bb作為外層。亦可將低熔點金屬層3Ba設為外層，將高熔點金屬層3Bb設為內層。 The laminated body (fuse element material) 3B shown in FIG. 6 is in the shape of a round rod, and has a low-melting-point metal layer 3Ba as an inner layer and a high-melting-point metal layer 3Bb as an outer layer. The low-melting-point metal layer 3Ba may be an outer layer, and the high-melting-point metal layer 3Bb may be an inner layer.
圖7所示之積層體(保險絲元件材)3C係方形狀或板狀，且積層低熔點金屬層3Ca及高熔點金屬層3Cb而成之二層構造。 The laminated body (fuse element material) 3C shown in FIG. 7 has a square shape or a plate shape, and has a two-layer structure in which a low-melting-point metal layer 3Ca and a high-melting-point metal layer 3Cb are laminated.
圖8所示之積層體(保險絲元件材)3D係方形狀或板狀，且藉由上下之高熔點金屬層3Db及高熔點金屬層3Dc夾住低熔點金屬層3Da而成之三層構造。相反地，亦可設為藉由兩層低熔點金屬層夾住高熔點金屬層而成之三層構造。 The laminated body (fuse element material) 3D shown in FIG. 8 has a square shape or a plate shape, and has a three-layer structure in which a low-melting-point metal layer 3Da is sandwiched between an upper and lower high-melting-point metal layer 3Db and a high-melting-point metal layer 3Dc. On the contrary, it may also be a three-layer structure in which two low-melting-point metal layers sandwich a high-melting-point metal layer.
圖5~圖8所示之積層體(保險絲元件材)3A~3D為二層或三層之積層體，但低熔點金屬層與高熔點金屬層之積層數量並無特別限制。保險絲元件材亦可為四層以上之積層體。 The laminated bodies (fuse element materials) 3A to 3D shown in Figures 5 to 8 are two-layer or three-layer laminated bodies, but the number of laminated low-melting-point metal layers and high-melting-point metal layers is not particularly limited. The fuse element material may also be a laminate of four or more layers.
第1電極1及第2電極2之至少一者與保險絲元件材3較佳為藉由焊料接合而成，更佳為第1電極1及第2電極2均與保險絲元件材3藉由焊料接合而成。其原因在於將第1電極1或第2電極2與保險絲元件材3之間之電阻降低之故。作為焊料之材料可使用公知者，但根據電阻率與熔點之觀點，較佳為以Sn為主成分者。 It is preferable that at least one of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 and the fuse element material 3 are bonded by solder. More preferably, both the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are bonded to the fuse element material 3 by solder. Become. The reason for this is to reduce the resistance between the first electrode 1 or the second electrode 2 and the fuse element material 3 . As the material of the solder, publicly known materials can be used, but from the viewpoint of resistivity and melting point, those containing Sn as the main component are preferred.
圖9係第2實施形態之保護元件之俯視模式圖。使用與第1實施形態相同之符號之構件係具有相同之構成者，故而省略說明。又，存在對於即便 符號與第1實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the protection element of the second embodiment. Components using the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment have the same structure, and therefore description thereof will be omitted. Also, existence is for even if The description of components with different symbols and the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.
第2實施形態之保護元件相對於第1實施形態之保護元件主要之不同方面在於第1電極及第2電極具備外部端子孔。即，第1實施形態之保護元件係個別地安裝外部端子而使用，但第2實施形態之保護元件係第1電極及第2電極與外部端子一體地形成之構成。 The main difference between the protection element of the second embodiment and the protection element of the first embodiment is that the first electrode and the second electrode are provided with external terminal holes. That is, the protective element of the first embodiment is used with external terminals attached separately, but the protective element of the second embodiment has a structure in which the first electrode and the second electrode are integrally formed with the external terminals.
具體而言，圖9所示之保護元件400具備第1電極41、具有彈性之第2電極42、及配置於第1電極41與第2電極42之間之保險絲元件材3，且保險絲元件材3由第1電極41與彎曲狀態之第2電極42夾著支持，第1電極41及第2電極42分別具備外部端子孔45、46。 Specifically, the protection element 400 shown in FIG. 9 includes a first electrode 41, an elastic second electrode 42, and a fuse element material 3 arranged between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, and the fuse element material 3 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 in a bent state. The first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 have external terminal holes 45 and 46 respectively.
外部端子孔45、46配備於第1電極41及第2電極42之各者中。一對外部端子孔45、46中之一外部端子孔能夠用以連接於電源側，另一外部端子孔能夠用以連接於負載側。此處，外部端子孔45、46之形狀若為能夠卡合於未圖示之電源側或負載側之端子之形狀則並無特別限制。圖9所示之外部端子孔45、46係無開放部分之貫通孔，但亦可為例如圖10所示於一部分中具有開放部分之爪形狀等。 External terminal holes 45 and 46 are provided in each of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 . One of the pair of external terminal holes 45 and 46 can be used to connect to the power supply side, and the other external terminal hole can be used to connect to the load side. Here, the shapes of the external terminal holes 45 and 46 are not particularly limited as long as they can be engaged with terminals on the power supply side or the load side (not shown). The external terminal holes 45 and 46 shown in FIG. 9 are through holes without an open part, but they may also have a claw shape with an open part in one part as shown in FIG. 10 , for example.
第1電極41可使用與第1實施形態之第1電極1相同之材料。又，第2電極42亦可使用與第1實施形態之第2電極2相同之材料。 The first electrode 41 can be made of the same material as the first electrode 1 of the first embodiment. In addition, the second electrode 42 may be made of the same material as the second electrode 2 of the first embodiment.
圖10係第2實施形態之保護元件之變化例之俯視模式圖。於圖10所示之變化例中，外部端子孔之形狀與圖9所示之例不同。對於與圖9所示之保護元件400相同之構件，使用相同之符號並省略說明。 FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a modified example of the protective element of the second embodiment. In the modified example shown in FIG. 10 , the shape of the external terminal hole is different from the example shown in FIG. 9 . For the same components as those of the protection element 400 shown in FIG. 9 , the same symbols are used and descriptions are omitted.
具體而言，圖10所示之保護元件400A具備第1電極 41AA、具有彈性之第2電極42AA、及配置於第1電極41AA與第2電極42AA之間之保險絲元件材3，保險絲元件材3由第1電極41AA與彎曲狀態之第2電極42AA夾著支持，第1電極41AA及第2電極42AA分別於一部分中具備具有開放部45Aa、46Aa之外部端子孔45A、46A。 Specifically, the protection element 400A shown in FIG. 10 includes a first electrode 41AA, the elastic second electrode 42AA, and the fuse element material 3 arranged between the first electrode 41AA and the second electrode 42AA. The fuse element material 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 41AA and the bent second electrode 42AA. , the first electrode 41AA and the second electrode 42AA are respectively provided with external terminal holes 45A and 46A having open portions 45Aa and 46Aa in a part thereof.
外部端子孔所具有之開放部之位置可適當選擇。於圖10所示之保護元件400A中，外部端子孔45A、46A所具有之開放部45Aa、46Aa位於第1電極41AA及第2電極42AA之分別與保險絲元件材3連接之側之相反側，但亦可位於其他位置。 The position of the opening provided in the external terminal hole can be appropriately selected. In the protection element 400A shown in FIG. 10 , the opening portions 45Aa and 46Aa of the external terminal holes 45A and 46A are located on the opposite side of the side where the first electrode 41AA and the second electrode 42AA are respectively connected to the fuse element material 3. However, Can also be located in other locations.
圖11及圖12係第3實施形態之保護元件之模式圖，圖11係立體模式圖，圖12係自圖11所示之箭頭A之方向觀察之側視模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件係具有相同之構成者，故而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。於圖12中，S-S之虛線表示將第1電極51及第2電極52之各自去除爪部之部分(於保險絲元件材3之切斷後亦無實質變化之部分)51B、52B之厚度方向之中心面連接之面(S-S面)。 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the protection element of the third embodiment. Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view, and Fig. 12 is a schematic side view viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in Fig. 11 . Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and therefore description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment. In FIG. 12 , the dotted line S-S represents the center of the thickness direction of the portions 51B and 52B of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 where the claw portions are removed (portions that do not substantially change after the fuse element material 3 is cut). The surface connected by the surface (S-S surface).
第3實施形態之保護元件相對於上述實施形態之保護元件主要之不同方面在於，除第2電極以外，第1電極亦具有彈性。 The main difference between the protection element of the third embodiment and the protection element of the above-mentioned embodiment is that in addition to the second electrode, the first electrode also has elasticity.
具體而言，圖11及圖12所示之保護元件500具備具有彈性之第1電極51、具有彈性之第2電極52、及配置於第1電極51與第2電極52之間之保險絲元件材3，保險絲元件材3由彎曲狀態之第1電極51與彎曲狀態之第2電極52夾著支持。又，第1電極51與第2電極52分別具有外部端子 孔55、56。 Specifically, the protection element 500 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 includes an elastic first electrode 51 , an elastic second electrode 52 , and a fuse element material arranged between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 . 3. The fuse element material 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 51 in a bent state and the second electrode 52 in a bent state. In addition, the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 each have an external terminal. Holes 55, 56.
第1電極51因具有彈性而可使用與第1實施形態之第2電極2相同之材料。第1電極51於其一端51A具備用以穩定地支持保險絲元件材3之爪部51a。又，第1電極51所具備之爪部51a之前端51aA具備為了能夠更穩定地支持保險絲元件材3而向保險絲元件材3側彎折之彎曲部51aAa。第1電極51所具有之外部端子孔55可設為與第2實施形態之第1電極41所具有之外部端子孔45或第1電極41AA所具有之外部端子孔45A相同之構成。於圖11所示之保護元件500中，第1電極51為具有外部端子孔55之構成，但亦可不具有外部端子孔。 Since the first electrode 51 has elasticity, the same material as the second electrode 2 of the first embodiment can be used. The first electrode 51 has a claw portion 51 a for stably supporting the fuse element material 3 at one end 51A. In addition, the front end 51aA of the claw portion 51a of the first electrode 51 has a bent portion 51aAa bent toward the fuse element material 3 in order to support the fuse element material 3 more stably. The external terminal hole 55 of the first electrode 51 may have the same structure as the external terminal hole 45 of the first electrode 41 of the second embodiment or the external terminal hole 45A of the first electrode 41AA. In the protection element 500 shown in FIG. 11 , the first electrode 51 is configured to have the external terminal hole 55 , but it may not have the external terminal hole.
第1電極51之厚度係整體亦可為相同厚度，但亦可具有厚度不同之部分。例如，可藉由設為僅使夾著支持保險絲元件材之部分(圖11之例中為爪部51a)變薄而除此以外之部分未變薄之構成，而一面維持作為與外部之連接端子之剛性，一面提昇夾持保險絲元件材3之彈性。 The thickness of the first electrode 51 may be the same thickness as a whole, but may also have portions with different thicknesses. For example, it is possible to maintain the connection with the outside by making only the portion sandwiching the supporting fuse element material (the claw portion 51a in the example of FIG. 11 ) thinner and leaving the other portions unchanged. The rigidity of the terminal also improves the elasticity of the fuse component material 3 .
作為使第1電極51之一部分(圖11之例中為爪部51a)變薄之方法，例如可使用壓延等公知之金屬加工之方法。 As a method of thinning a part of the first electrode 51 (the claw portion 51a in the example of FIG. 11 ), for example, a known metal processing method such as rolling can be used.
第2電極52可使用與第1實施形態之第2電極2相同之材料。第2電極52係於其一端52A具備用以穩定地支持保險絲元件材3之爪部52a、52b。又，第2電極52所具備之爪部52a之前端52aA及爪部52b之前端(未圖示)分別具備為了能夠更穩定地支持保險絲元件材3而向保險絲元件材3側彎折之 彎曲部52aAa、彎曲部(未圖示)。第2電極52所具有之外部端子孔56可設為與第2實施形態之第2電極42所具有之外部端子孔46或第2電極42AA所具有之外部端子孔46A相同之構成。於圖11及圖12所示之保護元件500中，第2電極52為具有外部端子孔56之構成，但亦可不具有外部端子孔。 The second electrode 52 can be made of the same material as the second electrode 2 of the first embodiment. The second electrode 52 has claw portions 52a and 52b for stably supporting the fuse element material 3 at one end 52A. In addition, the front end 52aA of the claw portion 52a and the front end (not shown) of the claw portion 52b provided in the second electrode 52 each have a tip that is bent toward the fuse element material 3 in order to support the fuse element material 3 more stably. Bend portion 52aAa, bent portion (not shown). The external terminal hole 56 of the second electrode 52 may have the same structure as the external terminal hole 46 of the second electrode 42 or the external terminal hole 46A of the second electrode 42AA in the second embodiment. In the protection element 500 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , the second electrode 52 is configured to have the external terminal hole 56 , but it may not have the external terminal hole.
於圖13及圖14中，對於圖11及圖12所示之保護元件500，示出保險絲元件材切斷後之模式圖。圖13係立體模式圖，圖14係自圖13所示之箭頭A之方向觀察之側視模式圖。圖14中以符號x表示之方向係與S-S面平行，且將第1電極51及第2電極52各自去除爪部之部分51B及部分52B連接之方向，另一方面，以符號z表示之方向係與第1電極51或第2電極52之厚度方向平行之方向。圖13及圖14之以符號3'表示者係保險絲元件材3藉由切斷而分割而成者。 In FIGS. 13 and 14 , a schematic view of the protective element 500 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is shown after the fuse element material is cut. FIG. 13 is a perspective view, and FIG. 14 is a side view viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 13 . The direction indicated by the symbol x in FIG. 14 is parallel to the S-S plane and connects the portion 51B and the portion 52B of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 respectively without the claw portion. On the other hand, the direction indicated by the symbol z It is a direction parallel to the thickness direction of the first electrode 51 or the second electrode 52 . What is indicated by the symbol 3' in FIGS. 13 and 14 is that the fuse element material 3 is divided by cutting.
如圖11~圖14所示，作為第1電極51中彎曲之部分(換言之，負責彈性之部分)之爪部51a於z方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較S-S面更靠上側(參照圖12)，但在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較S-S面更靠下側(參照圖14)。換言之，第1電極51之爪部51a於無使之彎曲之力之狀態下位於較S-S面更靠下側，但將保險絲元件材3以自上按下之方式彎曲。第1電極51之爪部51a因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去使之彎曲之力，因彈性恢復力而恢復至原先之狀態。即，第1電極51之爪部51a係圖13及圖14所示之狀態為來自外部之力未進行作用之狀態。 As shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 , the claw portion 51 a which is the curved portion (in other words, the portion responsible for elasticity) of the first electrode 51 is located above the S-S plane (in the z direction) before the fuse element material 3 is cut. (Refer to Figure 12), but after the fuse element material 3 is cut, it is located lower than the S-S plane (Refer to Figure 14). In other words, the claw portion 51a of the first electrode 51 is located below the S-S plane without bending force, but the fuse element material 3 is bent by pressing down from above. The claw portion 51a of the first electrode 51 loses the bending force due to the cutting of the fuse element material 3, and returns to its original state due to the elastic restoring force. That is, the claw portion 51a of the first electrode 51 is in a state in which external force does not act as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 .
同樣，作為第2電極52中彎曲之部分(換言之，負責彈性之部分)之爪部52a、52b於z方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較S-S面更靠下側(參照圖12)，但在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較S-S面更靠上側(參照圖14)。換言之，第2電極52之爪部52a、52b係於無使之彎曲之力之狀態 下位於較S-S面更靠上側者將保險絲元件材3以自下按壓之方式彎曲。第2電極52之爪部52a、52b因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去使之彎曲之力，因彈性恢復力而恢復至原先之狀態。即，第2電極52(第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B及爪部52a、52b)係圖13及圖14所示之狀態為來自外部之力未進行作用之狀態。 Similarly, the claw portions 52a and 52b, which are curved portions (in other words, portions responsible for elasticity) of the second electrode 52, are located lower than the S-S plane in the z direction before the fuse element material 3 is cut (see FIG. 12). , but it is located above the S-S plane after the fuse element material 3 is cut (see FIG. 14). In other words, the claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52 are in a state where there is no force to bend them. The fuse element material 3 is bent by pressing it from below while it is located above the S-S surface. The claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52 lose the bending force due to the cutting of the fuse element material 3, and return to their original state due to the elastic restoring force. That is, the second electrode 52 (the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 without the claw portion and the claw portions 52a and 52b) is in a state where no external force acts as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 .
圖11~圖14之使第1電極51及第2電極52彎曲之方法(爪部51a及爪部52a、52b之保險絲元件材3切斷前後之位置)係為一例，只要能夠實現本發明之效果則能夠任意設定。 The method of bending the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 in Figures 11 to 14 (the positions of the claw portion 51a and the claw portions 52a and 52b before and after the fuse element material 3 is cut) is an example. As long as the present invention can be realized, The effect can be set arbitrarily.
於圖15及圖16中，示出具有彈性之第1電極具備2個爪部之保護元件之模式圖。圖15係立體模式圖，圖16係過電流導致截斷後之立體模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件因具有相同之構成而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 FIGS. 15 and 16 show schematic diagrams of a protective element in which an elastic first electrode has two claw portions. Figure 15 is a three-dimensional model diagram, and Figure 16 is a three-dimensional model diagram after overcurrent causes truncation. Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment.
具體而言，圖15所示之保護元件600具備具有彈性之第1電極61、具有彈性之第2電極52、及配置於第1電極61與第2電極52之間之保險絲元件材3，保險絲元件材3由彎曲狀態之第1電極61與彎曲狀態之第2電極52夾著支持。第1電極61於其一端具備2個用以穩定地支持保險絲元件材3之爪部(61a、61b)。又，第1電極61具有外部端子孔65。 Specifically, the protection element 600 shown in FIG. 15 includes an elastic first electrode 61, an elastic second electrode 52, and a fuse element material 3 arranged between the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52. The fuse The element material 3 is sandwiched and supported by the first electrode 61 in a bent state and the second electrode 52 in a bent state. The first electrode 61 has two claw portions (61a, 61b) at one end thereof for stably supporting the fuse element material 3. Furthermore, the first electrode 61 has an external terminal hole 65 .
如圖15及圖16所示，作為第1電極61中彎曲之部分(負責彈性之部分)之爪部61a、61b於厚度方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較第1電極61之去除爪部之部分61B更靠上側(參照圖15)，在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較部分61B更靠下側(參照圖16)。換言之，第1電極61之爪部61a、61b於無彎曲力之狀態下位於較部分61B更靠下側，但以自上方按壓 保險絲元件材3之方式彎曲。第1電極61之爪部61a、61b因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去使之彎曲之力，恢復至原先之狀態。即，第1電極61之爪部61a、61b係圖16所示之狀態為未作用有來自外部之力之狀態。 As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 , the claw portions 61 a and 61 b, which are the curved portions (the portions responsible for elasticity) of the first electrode 61 , are located farther than the first electrode 61 in the thickness direction before the fuse element material 3 is cut. The portion 61B of the claw portion is located on the upper side (refer to FIG. 15 ), and is located on the lower side than the portion 61B (refer to FIG. 16 ) after the fuse element material 3 is cut. In other words, the claw portions 61a and 61b of the first electrode 61 are located below the portion 61B when there is no bending force, but they can be pressed from above. The fuse element material is bent in 3 ways. The claw portions 61a and 61b of the first electrode 61 lose the bending force due to the cutting of the fuse element material 3, and return to their original state. That is, the claw portions 61a and 61b of the first electrode 61 are in a state shown in FIG. 16 in which no force from the outside acts.
同樣，作為第2電極52中彎曲之部分(負責彈性之部分)之爪部52a、52b於z方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B更靠下側(參照圖15)，且在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較部分52B更靠上側(參照圖16)。換言之，第2電極52之爪部52a、52b於無使之彎曲之力之狀態下位於較部分52B更靠上側，但保險絲元件材3以自下往上按壓之方式彎曲。第2電極52之爪部52a、52b因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去使之彎曲之力，恢復至原先之狀態。即，第2電極52(第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B及爪部52a、52b)係圖16所示之狀態為為作用有來自外部之力之狀態。 Similarly, the claw portions 52a and 52b, which are the curved portions (portions responsible for elasticity) of the second electrode 52, are located closer in the z direction than the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 from which the claw portions are removed before the fuse element material 3 is cut. The lower side (refer to FIG. 15 ), and is located above the portion 52B (refer to FIG. 16 ) after the fuse element material 3 is cut. In other words, the claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52 are located above the portion 52B without any bending force, but the fuse element material 3 is bent by being pressed from bottom to top. The claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52 lose the bending force due to the cutting of the fuse element material 3, and return to their original state. That is, the second electrode 52 (the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 excluding the claw portions and the claw portions 52a and 52b) is in a state in which an external force acts as shown in FIG. 16 .
圖17及圖18係圖11及圖12所示之保護元件500中藉由護蓋8覆蓋包含保險絲元件材3之部分之態樣之模式圖，圖17係藉由上部護蓋8A及下部護蓋8B覆蓋之狀態之立體模式圖，圖18係拆除上部護蓋8A之狀態之立體模式圖。 17 and 18 are schematic diagrams of the protective element 500 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 in which the portion including the fuse element material 3 is covered with the protective cover 8 . FIG. 18 is a perspective schematic view of the state where the upper protective cover 8A is removed.
護蓋8(上部護蓋8A及下部護蓋8B)例如可使用藉由絕緣性樹脂等製作而成者。 The protective cover 8 (the upper protective cover 8A and the lower protective cover 8B) may be made of, for example, an insulating resin.
護蓋8(上部護蓋8A及下部護蓋8B)亦能夠用於其他實施形態之保護元件。 The protective cover 8 (the upper protective cover 8A and the lower protective cover 8B) can also be used as a protective element in other embodiments.
圖19及圖20係第4實施形態之保護元件之模式圖，圖19係立體模式 圖，圖20係自與圖19相反側觀察之立體模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件因具有相同之構成而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 Figures 19 and 20 are schematic diagrams of the protection element of the fourth embodiment, and Figure 19 is a three-dimensional view. Figure 20 is a perspective view viewed from the opposite side to Figure 19 . Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment.
第4實施形態之保護元件相對於上述實施形態之保護元件主要之不同方面在於，更具備將保險絲元件材加熱之發熱體、及對發熱體通電之第3電極。 The main difference between the protection element of the fourth embodiment and the protection element of the above-mentioned embodiment is that it further includes a heating element for heating the fuse element material and a third electrode for energizing the heating element.
圖19及圖20所示之第4實施形態之保護元件700係相對於圖15所示之保護元件600更具備將保險絲元件材加熱之發熱體、及對發熱體通電之第3電極之例。具體而言，保護元件700具備具有彈性之第1電極61、具有彈性之第2電極52、及配置於第1電極61與第2電極52之間之保險絲元件材3，保險絲元件材3由彎曲狀態之第1電極61與彎曲狀態之第2電極52夾著支持，且更具備將保險絲元件材3加熱之發熱體70、及對發熱體70通電之第3電極80。又，於保護元件700中，第1電極61、第2電極52、及第3電極80分別具有外部端子孔65、56、81。 The protection element 700 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 is an example in which the protection element 600 shown in FIG. 15 further includes a heating element for heating the fuse element material and a third electrode for energizing the heating element. Specifically, the protection element 700 includes an elastic first electrode 61, an elastic second electrode 52, and a fuse element material 3 arranged between the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52. The fuse element material 3 is formed by bending The first electrode 61 in the bent state is sandwiched and supported by the second electrode 52 in the bent state, and further includes a heating element 70 that heats the fuse element material 3 and a third electrode 80 that energizes the heating element 70 . Moreover, in the protection element 700, the first electrode 61, the second electrode 52, and the third electrode 80 have external terminal holes 65, 56, and 81 respectively.
於圖19及圖20所示之保護元件700中，發熱體70與第3電極80藉由導電性之連結部90而連接。又，第3電極80均與第1電極61及第2電極52之任一者隔開而未連接。 In the protection element 700 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 , the heating element 70 and the third electrode 80 are connected through the conductive connecting portion 90 . In addition, the third electrode 80 is separated from any one of the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52 and is not connected.
於圖19及圖20所示之保護元件700中，發熱體70連接於第1電極61。更詳細而言，發熱體70連接於第1電極61之爪部61a、61b。發熱體70亦可為接合於第2電極52或保險絲元件材3之任一者之構成。 In the protection element 700 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 , the heating element 70 is connected to the first electrode 61 . More specifically, the heating element 70 is connected to the claw portions 61 a and 61 b of the first electrode 61 . The heating element 70 may be connected to either the second electrode 52 or the fuse element material 3 .
發熱體70係電阻值相對較高，於通電時發熱且具有導電性之構件，例如可設為包含W、Mo、Ru等。 The heating element 70 is a member with a relatively high resistance value, generates heat when energized, and is electrically conductive, and may include W, Mo, Ru, etc., for example.
第3電極80包含導電材料，可使用與上述第1電極1相同之 材料。 The third electrode 80 contains a conductive material, and the same material as the first electrode 1 described above can be used. Material.
於圖19及圖20所示之保護元件700中，因具備發熱體70及第3電極80且第3電極80連接於第1電極61之構成，故能夠使電流流入第3電極80與第1電極61之間，使發熱體70發熱，從而將保險絲元件材3加熱。藉此，能夠切斷保險絲元件材3。 In the protective element 700 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 , since the heating element 70 and the third electrode 80 are provided, and the third electrode 80 is connected to the first electrode 61 , current can flow into the third electrode 80 and the first electrode 61 . Between the electrodes 61, the heating element 70 generates heat, thereby heating the fuse element material 3. Thereby, the fuse element material 3 can be cut.
於圖21及圖22中，對於圖19及圖20所示之保護元件700，示出保險絲元件材切斷後之立體模式圖。圖21及圖22分別對應於圖19及圖20。 In FIGS. 21 and 22 , a perspective view of the protection element 700 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 is shown after the fuse element material is cut. Figures 21 and 22 correspond to Figures 19 and 20 respectively.
如圖21及圖22所示，作為第1電極61中彎曲之部分之爪部61a、61b於厚度方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較第1電極61之去除爪部之部分61B更靠上側(參照圖20)，且在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較部分61B更靠下側(參照圖22)。換言之，第1電極61之爪部61a、61b係於無使之彎曲之力之狀態下位於較61B更靠下側者將保險絲元件材3以自上按下之方式彎曲，但因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去使之彎曲之力，從而恢復至原先之狀態。 As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 , the claw portions 61 a and 61 b, which are the curved portions of the first electrode 61 , are located farther in the thickness direction than the portion 61B of the first electrode 61 in which the claw portions are removed before the fuse element material 3 is cut. It is located on the upper side (see FIG. 20 ) and is located on the lower side than the portion 61B (see FIG. 22 ) after the fuse element material 3 is cut. In other words, when the claw portions 61a and 61b of the first electrode 61 are located below 61B without bending force, the fuse element material 3 is bent by pressing down from above. 3 is cut off and loses the power to bend it, thus returning to its original state.
同樣，作為第2電極52中彎曲之部分之爪部52a、52b於厚度方向上在保險絲元件材3切斷前位於較第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B更靠下側(參照圖20)，且在保險絲元件材3切斷後位於較第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B更靠上側(參照圖22)。換言之，第2電極52之爪部52a、52b係於無使之彎曲之力之狀態下位於較第2電極52之去除爪部之部分52B更靠上側者將保險絲元件材3以自下向上按壓之方式彎曲，但因保險絲元件材3之切斷而失去彎曲力，從而恢復至原先之狀態。 Similarly, the claw portions 52 a and 52 b, which are the curved portions of the second electrode 52 , are located lower in the thickness direction than the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 from which the claw portions are removed before the fuse element material 3 is cut (see FIG. 20 ), and is located above the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 in which the claw portion is removed after the fuse element material 3 is cut (see FIG. 22 ). In other words, the claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52 are positioned above the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 without the claw portions in a state where there is no force to bend the fuse element material 3 from the bottom up. However, due to the cutting of the fuse element material 3, the bending force is lost, thereby returning to the original state.
保險絲元件材3之切斷前，發熱體70係其下表面接觸於第1 電極61之爪部61a、61b，而保險絲元件材3切斷後，發熱體70係其下表面接觸於第2電極52之爪部52a、52b。進而，連結部90自第3電極80分開，從而因對發熱體70之通電中斷，發熱體70之發熱停止。 Before the fuse element material 3 is cut, the lower surface of the heating element 70 is in contact with the first After the claw portions 61a and 61b of the electrode 61 and the fuse element material 3 are cut, the lower surface of the heating element 70 is in contact with the claw portions 52a and 52b of the second electrode 52. Furthermore, the connecting portion 90 is separated from the third electrode 80, and the current flow to the heating element 70 is interrupted, so that the heating element 70 stops generating heat.
圖23及圖24係第5實施形態之保護元件之模式圖，圖23係立體模式圖，圖24係自圖23所示之箭頭A之方向觀察之側視模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件因具有相同之構成而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 23 and 24 are schematic views of the protective element according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view, and FIG. 24 is a schematic side view viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 23 . Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment.
第5實施形態之保護元件相對於上述實施形態之保護元件主要之不同方面在於，在第1電極之厚度方向上將第1端子構件以重疊之方式連接，又，於第2電極之厚度方向上將第2端子構件以重疊之方式連接。第1端子構件及第2端子構件分別將第1電極、第2電極之用於與外部之連接之剛性增強，並降低電阻。 The main difference between the protective element of the fifth embodiment and the protective element of the above embodiment is that the first terminal members are connected in an overlapping manner in the thickness direction of the first electrode, and in the thickness direction of the second electrode Connect the second terminal member in an overlapping manner. The first terminal member and the second terminal member respectively enhance the rigidity of the first electrode and the second electrode for connection with the outside and reduce the resistance.
圖23所示之保護元件800係對於圖15所示之保護元件600，於第1電極61連接有第1端子構件5，且於第2電極52連接有第2端子構件6之例。第1端子構件5於與第1電極61所具備之外部端子孔65對應之位置具有外部端子孔。又，第2端子構件6於與第2電極52所具備之外部端子孔56對應之位置具有外部端子孔。 The protective element 800 shown in FIG. 23 is an example in which the first terminal member 5 is connected to the first electrode 61 and the second terminal member 6 is connected to the second electrode 52 of the protective element 600 shown in FIG. 15 . The first terminal member 5 has an external terminal hole at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 65 provided in the first electrode 61 . Furthermore, the second terminal member 6 has an external terminal hole at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 56 provided in the second electrode 52 .
作為第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之材料，例如可列舉銅或黃銅等。其中，根據剛性強化之觀點，較佳為黃銅。其中，根據電阻降低之觀 點，較佳為銅。第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之材料既可相同，亦可不同。 Examples of materials for the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 include copper, brass, and the like. Among them, brass is preferred from the viewpoint of rigidity reinforcement. Among them, according to the view of resistance reduction point, preferably copper. The materials of the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 may be the same or different.
作為將第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6連接於第1電極61、第2電極52之方法，可使用公知之方法，例如可列舉焊接接合、鉚釘接合或螺紋接合等機械接合等。 As a method of connecting the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 to the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52, a known method can be used, and examples thereof include mechanical joining such as welding, rivet joining, or threaded joining.
作為第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之厚度，並無限定，就標準而言，可設為0.3~1.0mm。第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之厚度既可相同，亦可不同。 The thickness of the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 is not limited. As a standard, it can be set to 0.3 to 1.0 mm. The thicknesses of the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 may be the same or different.
於圖23及圖24所示之保護元件800中，第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6分別以覆蓋第1電極61之去除爪部61a、61b之部分61B、及第2電極52之去除爪部52a、52b之部分52B之整面之方式設置，但只要實現剛性強化或電阻降低之至少一個效果，則能夠任意設定覆蓋之範圍或覆蓋之形狀。又，第1電極61之去除爪部61a、61b之部分61B、第2電極52之去除爪部52a、52b之部分52B亦無需覆蓋至各自之外部端子孔65、56之位置，而可以與第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之一部分重疊之方式連接。 In the protective element 800 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 , the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 cover the portion 61B of the first electrode 61 with the claw portions 61 a and 61 b removed, and the second electrode 52 is removed, respectively. The portion 52B of the claw portions 52a and 52b is provided over the entire surface, but as long as at least one of the effects of rigidity reinforcement or resistance reduction is achieved, the coverage range or the shape of the coverage can be set arbitrarily. In addition, the portion 61B of the first electrode 61 without the claw portions 61a and 61b and the portion 52B of the second electrode 52 without the claw portions 52a and 52b do not need to cover the respective positions of the external terminal holes 65 and 56, but may be connected to the third electrode 61 without the claw portions 52a and 52b. The first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 are connected in such a manner that they partially overlap.
於圖25及圖26中，對於圖23及圖24所示之保護元件800，示出保險絲元件材切斷後之模式圖。圖25係立體模式圖，圖26係自圖25所示之箭頭A之方向觀察之側視模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件因具有相同之構成而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 In FIGS. 25 and 26 , a schematic view of the protective element 800 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 is shown after the fuse element material is cut. FIG. 25 is a perspective view, and FIG. 26 is a side view viewed from the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 25 . Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment.
於第5實施形態之保護元件800中，第1電極61及第2電極52分別具備第1端子構件5、第2端子構件6，藉此，強化剛性，因此，能夠減小第1電極61及第2電極52各自之整體之厚度，從而容易調整彈性。 即，第1電極61及第2電極52之厚度之調整範圍變大。又，對於第1電極61或第2電極52，於如上述之僅使夾著支持保險絲元件材之部分變薄之構成中，藉由具備第1端子構件5、第2端子構件6，能夠使該部分進而變薄。 In the protective element 800 of the fifth embodiment, the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52 are provided with the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 respectively. This enhances rigidity, so that the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52 can be reduced in size. The overall thickness of each second electrode 52 makes it easy to adjust the elasticity. That is, the adjustment range of the thickness of the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52 becomes wider. Furthermore, as for the first electrode 61 or the second electrode 52, in the structure in which only the portion sandwiching the supporting fuse element material is thinned as described above, the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 can be provided. This part in turn becomes thinner.
圖27係第6實施形態之保護元件之立體模式圖。使用與上述實施形態相同之符號之構件因具有相同之構成而省略說明。又，存在對於即便符號與上述實施形態不同但功能相同之構件省略說明之情形。 Fig. 27 is a schematic perspective view of the protective element according to the sixth embodiment. Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, description may be omitted for components having the same functions even if their symbols are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment.
第6實施形態之保護元件與第5實施形態之保護元件相比主要之不同方面在於，更具備將保險絲元件材加熱之發熱體、對發熱體通電之第3電極、及連接發熱體與第3電極之連結部，亦於第3電極，在其厚度方向上將第3端子構件以重疊之方式連接。第3端子構件與第1端子構件或第2端子構件相同，將第3電極之用於與外部之連接之剛性增強，並降低電阻。 The main difference between the protection element of the sixth embodiment and the protection element of the fifth embodiment is that it further has a heating element for heating the fuse element material, a third electrode for energizing the heating element, and a connection between the heating element and the third electrode. The connecting portion of the electrode also connects the third terminal member to the third electrode in an overlapping manner in the thickness direction. The third terminal member is the same as the first terminal member or the second terminal member, and enhances the rigidity of the third electrode for connection with the outside and reduces the resistance.
圖27所示之保護元件900係對於圖19所示之保護元件700，於第1電極61連接有第1端子構件5，於第2電極52連接有第2端子構件6，進而於第3電極80連接有第3端子構件7之例。第1端子構件5於與第1電極61所具備之外部端子孔65對應之位置具有外部端子孔。又，第2端子構件6於與第2電極52所具備之外部端子孔56對應之位置具有外部端子孔。又，第3端子構件7於與第3電極80所具備之外部端子孔81對應之位置具有外部端子孔。又，第1電極61之去除爪部之部分61B、第2電極之去除爪部之部分52B亦無需覆蓋至各個外部端子孔56、65之位置，而可以與第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之一部分重疊之方式連接。進而，亦可廢棄第3 電極80而直接將連結部90連接於第3端子構件7。 The protective element 900 shown in FIG. 27 is the protective element 700 shown in FIG. 19 . The first terminal member 5 is connected to the first electrode 61 , the second terminal member 6 is connected to the second electrode 52 , and the third electrode is connected to the protective element 900 shown in FIG. 27 . 80 is an example in which the third terminal member 7 is connected. The first terminal member 5 has an external terminal hole at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 65 provided in the first electrode 61 . Furthermore, the second terminal member 6 has an external terminal hole at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 56 provided in the second electrode 52 . Furthermore, the third terminal member 7 has an external terminal hole at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 81 provided in the third electrode 80 . In addition, the portion 61B without the claw portion of the first electrode 61 and the portion 52B without the claw portion of the second electrode do not need to cover the positions of the respective external terminal holes 56 and 65, but can be connected with the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal. Parts of the components 6 are connected in such a way that they overlap. Furthermore, the third The electrode 80 directly connects the connecting portion 90 to the third terminal member 7 .
第3端子構件7之材料於第1端子構件5及第2端子構件6之材料不同之情形時，既可與任一者相同，亦可均不相同。又，第3端子構件7之材料、第1端子構件5之材料、及第2端子構件6之材料亦可相同。 When the materials of the first terminal member 5 and the second terminal member 6 are different, the material of the third terminal member 7 may be the same as either one, or may be different from both. In addition, the material of the third terminal member 7 , the material of the first terminal member 5 , and the material of the second terminal member 6 may be the same.
作為將第3端子構件7連接於第3電極80之方法，可使用與將第1端子構件5或第2端子構件6連接於第1電極61、第2電極52之方法相同之方法。 As a method of connecting the third terminal member 7 to the third electrode 80, the same method as the method of connecting the first terminal member 5 or the second terminal member 6 to the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 52 can be used.
作為第3端子構件7之厚度，與第1端子構件5或第2端子構件6之厚度為同等程度，且與該等之一者既可相同，亦可不同。第3端子構件7之厚度、第1端子構件5之厚度、及第2端子構件6之厚度亦可均相同。 The thickness of the third terminal member 7 is approximately the same as the thickness of the first terminal member 5 or the second terminal member 6, and may be the same as or different from either of these. The thickness of the third terminal member 7 , the thickness of the first terminal member 5 , and the thickness of the second terminal member 6 may all be the same.
1:第1電極 1: 1st electrode
1A:第1電極之一端 1A: One end of the first electrode
1a:爪部 1a: Claw
2:第2電極 2: 2nd electrode
2A:第2電極之一端 2A: One end of the second electrode
2a:爪部 2a: Claw
2b:爪部 2b: Claw
3:保險絲元件材 3: Fuse component material
100:保護元件 100:Protective components
Claims (14)
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| JP2018209897A JP2020077523A (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2018-11-07 | Protection element |
| JP2018-209897 | 2018-11-07 |
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| TW202025196A TW202025196A (en) | 2020-07-01 |
| TWI822900B true TWI822900B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| JP (2) | JP2020077523A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102578064B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN112912986A (en) |
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| TW201719704A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-06-01 | Dexerials Corp | Switch element |
| TW201719706A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-06-01 | Dexerials Corp | Fuse device |
| CN205428854U (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-08-03 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | Circuit protection component |
| TW201802856A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2018-01-16 | 東莞令特電子有限公司 | Thermal metal oxide varistor circuit protection device |
| CN205406416U (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2016-07-27 | 乐清市帝梅洛戈自动化科技有限公司 | Control of high breaking capacity and protection switch current limiting module device have |
| WO2018159283A1 (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Fuse element |
| TW201740417A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-16 | Pao-Hsuan Chen | Switching device including an insulative housing, a plurality of terminal electrodes, a first overcurrent protection device, and a first heat generating component |
| TW201810337A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-03-16 | 陳葆萱 | Protective device and battery pack thereof capable of providing over-current, over-voltage or over-temperature protection functions and enabling battery pack having the same to be able to bear high charging/discharging current |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102578064B1 (en) | 2023-09-13 |
| KR20210062065A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
| JP2020077523A (en) | 2020-05-21 |
| WO2020095917A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
| CN112912986A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| JP2023107956A (en) | 2023-08-03 |
| TW202025196A (en) | 2020-07-01 |
| US20220277917A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
| US11749482B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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