TWI818776B - Power converter - Google Patents

Power converter Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI818776B
TWI818776B TW111140265A TW111140265A TWI818776B TW I818776 B TWI818776 B TW I818776B TW 111140265 A TW111140265 A TW 111140265A TW 111140265 A TW111140265 A TW 111140265A TW I818776 B TWI818776 B TW I818776B
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Taiwan
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switch
resonant inductor
coupled
voltage
terminal
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TW111140265A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW202418733A (en
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彭左任
潘茂松
王思浩
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群光電能科技股份有限公司
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Priority to TW111140265A priority Critical patent/TWI818776B/en
Priority to CN202211424728.8A priority patent/CN117691871A/en
Priority to US18/081,113 priority patent/US20240088799A1/en
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Publication of TWI818776B publication Critical patent/TWI818776B/en
Publication of TW202418733A publication Critical patent/TW202418733A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A power converter includes a primary-side rectifying/filtering circuit, an input DC converter, a DC/DC converter, a primary-side controller, a secondary-side rectification controller, and a secondary-side feedback controller. The primary-side rectifying/filtering circuit receives an input voltage, and rectifies and filters the input voltage into an adjusted input voltage. The input DC converter receives the adjusted input voltage. The primary-side controller provides a first control signal to control the input DC converter to convert the adjusted input voltage into a DC input voltage, and provides a second control signal to control the DC-DC converter. The secondary-side rectification controller provides a third control signal to control the DC-DC converter to convert the DC input voltage into a conversion voltage to supply power to a load based on a gain condition. The secondary-side feedback controller receives a power demand signal provided by the load to control the primary-side controller and the secondary-side rectification controller.

Description

電源轉換器 power converter

本發明係有關一種電源轉換器，尤指一種可操作於半橋或全橋電路拓樸，用以提供多組不同大小的輸出電壓的電源轉換器。 The present invention relates to a power converter, in particular to a power converter that can operate in a half-bridge or full-bridge circuit topology and is used to provide multiple sets of output voltages of different sizes.

在功率大於100瓦的情況下，電源產品通常會選用PFC+LLC的拓樸，主要原因是LLC具有零電壓切換的特性，能讓電源產品操作於較高的頻率，進而讓磁性元件縮小而降低產品的體積。 When the power is greater than 100 watts, power supply products usually use the PFC+LLC topology. The main reason is that LLC has zero-voltage switching characteristics, which allows the power supply product to operate at a higher frequency, thereby shrinking the magnetic components and reducing the energy consumption. Product volume.

如上述的PFC作為第一級再加上第二級的LLC的架構是很常見的電源供應器設計架構。但因應科技的日益精進，3C產品眾多的情況下，所需要的電壓都不太一樣，也因此不同輸出電壓的電源產品規格成為越來越普及的需求。但由於LLC效率最佳操作點為諧振頻率點，在該諧振頻率點下須維持穩定的輸入電壓及穩定的輸出電壓，因此LLC在單一輸出電壓下通常非為最佳解。 The above-mentioned PFC as the first stage plus the second stage LLC is a very common power supply design architecture. However, in response to the increasing advancement of technology, there are many 3C products that require different voltages. Therefore, power supply product specifications with different output voltages have become an increasingly popular demand. However, since the optimal operating point of LLC efficiency is the resonant frequency point, a stable input voltage and a stable output voltage must be maintained at this resonant frequency point, so LLC is usually not the best solution at a single output voltage.

為此，如何設計出一種電源轉換器，解決現有技術所存在的問題與技術瓶頸，乃為本案發明人所研究的重要課題。 For this reason, how to design a power converter to solve the problems and technical bottlenecks of the existing technology is an important topic studied by the inventor of this case.

本發明之目的在於提供一種電源轉換器，解決現有技術之問題。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power converter to solve the problems of the prior art.

為達成前揭目的，本發明所提出的電源轉換器包括初級側整流濾波電路、輸入直流轉換器、直流轉直流轉換器、初級側控制器、次級側整流控制器以及次級側回授控制器。初級側整流濾波電路接收輸入電壓，且整流、濾波輸入電壓以輸出調整輸入電壓。輸入直流轉換器耦接初級側整流濾波電路，且接收調整輸入電壓。直流轉直流轉換器耦接輸入直流轉換器。初級側控制器耦接輸入直流轉換器與直流轉直流轉換器，提供第一控制訊號控制輸入直流轉換器轉換調整輸入電壓為直流輸入電壓，且提供第二控制訊號控制直流轉直流轉換器。次級側整流控制器耦接直流轉直流轉換器，提供第三控制訊號控制直流轉直流轉換器基於增益條件轉換直流輸入電壓為轉換電壓，對負載供電。次級側回授控制器耦接初級側控制器與次級側整流控制器，次級側回授控制器接收負載提供的負載供電需求訊號控制初級側控制器與次級側整流控制器的操作。 In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, the power converter proposed by the present invention includes a primary side rectification filter circuit, an input DC converter, a DC-to-DC converter, a primary side controller, a secondary side rectification controller and a secondary side feedback control. device. The primary side rectifier and filter circuit receives the input voltage, and rectifies and filters the input voltage to output an adjusted input voltage. The input DC converter is coupled to the primary side rectifier and filter circuit and receives the adjusted input voltage. The DC-to-DC converter is coupled to the input DC converter. The primary side controller is coupled to the input DC converter and the DC-to-DC converter, provides a first control signal to control the input DC converter to convert and adjust the input voltage into a DC input voltage, and provides a second control signal to control the DC-to-DC converter. The secondary side rectification controller is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter and provides a third control signal to control the DC-to-DC converter to convert the DC input voltage into a conversion voltage based on the gain condition to supply power to the load. The secondary side feedback controller is coupled to the primary side controller and the secondary side rectification controller. The secondary side feedback controller receives the load power supply demand signal provided by the load to control the operations of the primary side controller and the secondary side rectification controller. .

在一實施例中，次級側回授控制器提供包括交直流回授控制訊號與直直流回授控制訊號的回授控制訊號至初級側控制器，且提供整流控制訊號至次級側整流控制器。初級側控制器根據交直流回授控制訊號控制輸入直流轉換器，根據直直流回授控制訊號控制直流轉直流轉換器，且根據整流控制訊號控制次級側整流控制器與調整增益條件。 In one embodiment, the secondary side feedback controller provides a feedback control signal including an AC and DC feedback control signal and a DC and DC feedback control signal to the primary side controller, and provides a rectification control signal to the secondary side rectification control. device. The primary side controller controls the input DC converter according to the AC and DC feedback control signals, controls the DC to DC converter according to the DC and DC feedback control signals, and controls the secondary side rectification controller and adjusts the gain conditions according to the rectification control signals.

在一實施例中，直流轉直流轉換器包括初級側隔離電路與次級側隔離電路。初級側隔離電路耦接輸入直流轉換器與初級側控制器，用以接收第二控制訊號與直流輸入電壓。次級側隔離電路耦接次級側整流控制器，用以隔離轉換直流輸入電壓。 In one embodiment, the DC-to-DC converter includes a primary-side isolation circuit and a secondary-side isolation circuit. The primary side isolation circuit is coupled to the input DC converter and the primary side controller for receiving the second control signal and the DC input voltage. The secondary side isolation circuit is coupled to the secondary side rectifier controller and used to isolate and convert the DC input voltage.

在一實施例中，初級側隔離電路包括橋式切換電路與諧振電路。次級側隔離電路包括橋式同步整流電路與降壓型轉換電路。 In one embodiment, the primary-side isolation circuit includes a bridge switching circuit and a resonant circuit. The secondary side isolation circuit includes a bridge synchronous rectifier circuit and a buck conversion circuit.

在一實施例中，橋式切換電路包括上開關與下開關。上開關的第一端耦接輸入直流轉換器。下開關的第一端耦接上開關的第二端與諧振電路。初級側控制器提供第二控制訊號控制上開關與下開關。 In one embodiment, the bridge switching circuit includes an upper switch and a lower switch. The first end of the upper switch is coupled to the input DC converter. The first terminal of the lower switch is coupled to the second terminal of the upper switch and the resonant circuit. The primary side controller provides a second control signal to control the upper switch and the lower switch.

在一實施例中，橋式同步整流電路包括第一開關、第二開關、第三開關以及第四開關；第一主諧振電感與第二主諧振電感；以及第一輔助諧振電感與第二輔助諧振電感。第一輔助諧振電感的第一端耦接第一開關的第二端，第一輔助諧振電感的第二端耦接第二開關的第一端與第一主諧振電感的第二端；第二輔助諧振電感的第一端耦接第三開關的第二端，第二輔助諧振電感的第二端耦接第四開關的第一端與第二主諧振電感的第一端；第一主諧振電感的第一端耦接第二主諧振電感的第二端。第三開關的第一端耦接第一開關的第一端與降壓型轉換電路；第四開關的第二端耦接第二開關的第二端與降壓型轉換電路。次級側整流控制器提供第三控制訊號控制第一開關、第二開關、第三開關以及第四開關。 In one embodiment, the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch; a first main resonant inductor and a second main resonant inductor; and a first auxiliary resonant inductor and a second auxiliary resonant inductor. Resonant inductor. The first terminal of the first auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to the second terminal of the first switch, and the second terminal of the first auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to the first terminal of the second switch and the second terminal of the first main resonant inductor; The first end of the auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to the second end of the third switch, and the second end of the second auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to the first end of the fourth switch and the first end of the second main resonant inductor; the first main resonance The first end of the inductor is coupled to the second end of the second main resonant inductor. The first terminal of the third switch is coupled to the first terminal of the first switch and the buck conversion circuit; the second terminal of the fourth switch is coupled to the second terminal of the second switch and the buck conversion circuit. The secondary side rectification controller provides a third control signal to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch.

在一實施例中，橋式同步整流電路更包括第一電容與第二電容。第一電容的第一端耦接第三開關。第二電容的第一端耦接第一電容的第二端，第二電容的第二端耦接第四開關。 In one embodiment, the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit further includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The first terminal of the first capacitor is coupled to the third switch. The first terminal of the second capacitor is coupled to the second terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is coupled to the fourth switch.

在一實施例中，降壓型轉換電路包括第五開關、第六開關、二極體、電感以及電容。第五開關的第一端耦接第三開關的第一端。第六開關的第一端耦接第一主諧振電感的第一端與第二主諧振電感的第二端之間，第六開關的第二端耦接第五開關的第二端。二極體的陰極耦接第五開關的第二端與第六開關的第二端。電感的第一端耦接二極體的陰極。電容的第一端耦接電感的第二端，電容的第二端耦接二極體的陽極與第四開關的第二端。 In one embodiment, the buck conversion circuit includes a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor. The first terminal of the fifth switch is coupled to the first terminal of the third switch. The first terminal of the sixth switch is coupled between the first terminal of the first main resonant inductor and the second terminal of the second main resonant inductor, and the second terminal of the sixth switch is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth switch. The cathode of the diode is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth switch and the second terminal of the sixth switch. The first end of the inductor is coupled to the cathode of the diode. The first terminal of the capacitor is coupled to the second terminal of the inductor, and the second terminal of the capacitor is coupled to the anode of the diode and the second terminal of the fourth switch.

在一實施例中，當轉換電壓為第一電壓時，第一開關與第三開關關斷，且第二開關與第四開關相互切換導通，激磁第一主諧振電感或第二主諧振電感。 In one embodiment, when the conversion voltage is the first voltage, the first switch and the third switch are turned off, and the second switch and the fourth switch are switched on and off to excite the first main resonant inductor or the second main resonant inductor.

在一實施例中，當第二開關導通，形成第一磁激路徑包括第二開關、第一主諧振電感以及降壓型轉換電路，對第一主諧振電感進行激磁。當第四開關導通，形成第二磁激路徑包括第四開關、第二主諧振電感以及降壓型轉換電路，對第二主諧振電感進行激磁。 In one embodiment, when the second switch is turned on, a first magnetic excitation path is formed including the second switch, the first main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit to excite the first main resonant inductor. When the fourth switch is turned on, a second magnetic excitation path is formed including the fourth switch, the second main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit to excite the second main resonant inductor.

在一實施例中，當轉換電壓為第一電壓時，第二開關與第四開關關斷，且第一開關與第三開關相互切換導通，激磁第一主諧振電感或第二主諧振電感。 In one embodiment, when the conversion voltage is the first voltage, the second switch and the fourth switch are turned off, and the first switch and the third switch are switched on and off to excite the first main resonant inductor or the second main resonant inductor.

在一實施例中，當第一開關導通，形成第三磁激路徑包括第一開關、第一主諧振電感以及降壓型轉換電路，對第一主諧振電感進行激磁。當第三開關導通，形成第四磁激路徑包括第三開關、第二主諧振電感以及降壓型轉換電路，對第二主諧振電感進行激磁。 In one embodiment, when the first switch is turned on, a third magnetic excitation path is formed including the first switch, the first main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit to excite the first main resonant inductor. When the third switch is turned on, a fourth magnetic excitation path is formed including the third switch, the second main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit to excite the second main resonant inductor.

在一實施例中，當轉換電壓為第二電壓時，第一開關與第四開關同時導通與關斷，第二開關與第三開關同時導通與關斷，且第一開關與第二開關相互切換導通，激磁第一主諧振電感與第二主諧振電感。 In one embodiment, when the conversion voltage is the second voltage, the first switch and the fourth switch are turned on and off at the same time, the second switch and the third switch are turned on and off at the same time, and the first switch and the second switch interact with each other. The switch is turned on to excite the first main resonant inductor and the second main resonant inductor.

在一實施例中，當第一開關與第四開關同時導通時，形成第一磁激路徑包括第一開關、第一輔助諧振電感、第一主諧振電感、第二主諧振電感、第四開關以及降壓型轉換電路。當第二開關與第三開關同時導通時，形成第二磁激路徑包括第二開關、第一主諧振電感、第二主諧振電感、第二輔助諧振電感、第三開關以及降壓型轉換電路。 In one embodiment, when the first switch and the fourth switch are turned on at the same time, the first magnetic excitation path is formed including the first switch, the first auxiliary resonant inductor, the first main resonant inductor, the second main resonant inductor, and the fourth switch. and a step-down conversion circuit. When the second switch and the third switch are turned on at the same time, a second magnetic excitation path is formed including the second switch, the first main resonant inductor, the second main resonant inductor, the second auxiliary resonant inductor, the third switch and the buck conversion circuit .

在一實施例中，配合提高初級側隔離電路的操作頻率大於諧振頻率，調整電源轉換器的輸出電壓。 In one embodiment, the output voltage of the power converter is adjusted by increasing the operating frequency of the primary-side isolation circuit to be greater than the resonant frequency.

在一實施例中，配合降低前級功因校正電路的電壓，調整電源轉換器的輸出電壓。 In one embodiment, the output voltage of the power converter is adjusted by reducing the voltage of the front-stage power factor correction circuit.

在一實施例中，當轉換電壓小於第一電壓時，第五開關與第六開關導通降壓型轉換電路。 In one embodiment, when the conversion voltage is less than the first voltage, the fifth switch and the sixth switch turn on the buck conversion circuit.

在一實施例中，當轉換電壓小於第二電壓時，第五開關與第六開關導通降壓型轉換電路。 In one embodiment, when the conversion voltage is less than the second voltage, the fifth switch and the sixth switch turn on the buck conversion circuit.

在一實施例中，降壓型轉換電路用以轉換轉換電壓為直流輸出電壓。 In one embodiment, the buck conversion circuit is used to convert the conversion voltage into a DC output voltage.

在一實施例中，透過控制第五開關的責任週期或第六開關的責任週期，使轉換電壓降壓為不同電壓大小的直流輸出電壓。 In one embodiment, by controlling the duty cycle of the fifth switch or the duty cycle of the sixth switch, the conversion voltage is stepped down into DC output voltages of different voltages.

藉由所提出的電源轉換器，可操作於半橋或全橋電路拓樸，用以彈性地提供多組不同大小的輸出電壓。 The proposed power converter can operate in a half-bridge or full-bridge circuit topology to flexibly provide multiple sets of output voltages of different sizes.

為了能更進一步瞭解本發明為達成預定目的所採取之技術、手段及功效，請參閱以下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖，相信本發明之目的、特徵與特點，當可由此得一深入且具體之瞭解，然而所附圖式僅提供參考與說明用，並非用來對本發明加以限制者。 In order to further understand the technology, means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. It is believed that the purpose, features and characteristics of the present invention can be understood in depth and For specific understanding, however, the attached drawings are only for reference and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

1:初級側整流濾波電路 1: Primary side rectifier and filter circuit

2:輸入直流轉換器 2:Input DC converter

3:直流轉直流轉換器 3: DC to DC converter

4:初級側控制器 4: Primary side controller

5:次級側整流控制器 5: Secondary side rectification controller

6:次級側回授控制器 6: Secondary side feedback controller

7:負載 7:Load

31:初級側隔離電路 31: Primary side isolation circuit

32:次級側隔離電路 32:Secondary side isolation circuit

311:橋式切換電路 311: Bridge switching circuit

312:諧振電路 312:Resonant circuit

321:橋式同步整流電路 321: Bridge synchronous rectifier circuit

322:降壓型轉換電路 322: Buck conversion circuit

QH:上開關 Q H : upper switch

QL:下開關 Q L : lower switch

Q1:第一開關 Q 1 : First switch

Q2:第二開關 Q 2 : Second switch

Q3:第三開關 Q 3 : The third switch

Q4:第四開關 Q 4 : The fourth switch

Q5:第五開關 Q 5 : The fifth switch

Q6:第六開關 Q 6 :Sixth switch

W11:第一主諧振電感 W 11 : First main resonant inductor

W12:第二主諧振電感 W 12 : Second main resonant inductor

W21:第一輔助諧振電感 W 21 : First auxiliary resonant inductor

W22:第二輔助諧振電感 W 22 : Second auxiliary resonant inductor

C1:第一電容 C 1 : first capacitor

C2:第二電容 C 2 : Second capacitor

D:二極體 D: Diode

L:電感 L: inductance

C:電容 C: capacitor

VIN:輸入電壓 V IN :Input voltage

VINRF:調整輸入電壓 V INRF : adjust the input voltage

VINDC:直流輸入電壓 V INDC : DC input voltage

VCON:轉換電壓 V CON :conversion voltage

VOUTDC:直流輸出電壓 V OUTDC : DC output voltage

SC1:第一控制訊號 S C1 : first control signal

SC2:第二控制訊號 S C2 : Second control signal

SC3:第三控制訊號 S C3 : The third control signal

SLP:負載供電需求訊號 SLP : Load power demand signal

SCSR:整流控制訊號 S CSR : Rectification control signal

SCAD:交直流回授控制訊號 S CAD : AC and DC feedback control signal

SCDD:直直流回授控制訊號 S CDD : DC feedback control signal

圖1：係為本發明電源轉換器的架構方塊圖。 Figure 1: It is an architectural block diagram of the power converter of the present invention.

圖2：係為本發明電源轉換器的細部方塊圖。 Figure 2 is a detailed block diagram of the power converter of the present invention.

圖3、圖4：係為本發明直流轉直流轉換器的電路圖。 Figures 3 and 4 are circuit diagrams of the DC-to-DC converter of the present invention.

茲有關本發明之技術內容及詳細說明，配合圖式說明如下。 The technical content and detailed description of the present invention are as follows with reference to the drawings.

請參見圖1、圖2所示，其係分別為本發明電源轉換器的架構方塊圖與細部方塊圖。所述具升降壓轉換之電源轉換器包括初級側整流濾波電路1、輸入直流轉換器2、直流轉直流轉換器3、初級側控制器4、次級側整流控制器5以及次級側回授控制器6。 Please refer to Figures 1 and 2, which are respectively an architectural block diagram and a detailed block diagram of the power converter of the present invention. The power converter with step-up and step-down conversion includes a primary side rectification filter circuit 1, an input DC converter 2, a DC-to-DC converter 3, a primary side controller 4, a secondary side rectification controller 5 and a secondary side feedback circuit. Controller 6.

初級側整流濾波電路1接收輸入電壓VIN，且整流、濾波輸入電壓VIN以輸出調整輸入電壓VINRF。具體地，初級側整流濾波電路1初級側整流電路與初級側濾波電路(圖未示)。初級側整流電路用以對輸入電壓VIN進行整流。初級側濾波電路係用以將整流後的輸入電壓進行濾波，以輸出調整輸入電壓VINRF至輸入直流轉換器2。 The primary side rectifier and filter circuit 1 receives the input voltage V IN , and rectifies and filters the input voltage V IN to output an adjusted input voltage V INRF . Specifically, the primary side rectification and filter circuit 1 includes a primary side rectification circuit and a primary side filter circuit (not shown). The primary side rectifier circuit is used to rectify the input voltage V IN . The primary side filter circuit is used to filter the rectified input voltage to output the adjusted input voltage V INRF to the input DC converter 2 .

輸入直流轉換器2耦接初級側整流濾波電路1，且接收初級側整流濾波電路1輸出的調整輸入電壓VINRF。 The input DC converter 2 is coupled to the primary side rectifier and filter circuit 1 and receives the adjusted input voltage V INRF output by the primary side rectifier and filter circuit 1 .

直流轉直流轉換器3耦接輸入直流轉換器2。具體地，如圖3、圖4所示，其係為本發明直流轉直流轉換器的電路圖。直流轉直流轉換器3包括初級側隔離電路31與次級側隔離電路32。初級側隔離電路31耦接輸入直流轉換器2與初級側控制器4，用以接收初級側控制器4提供的第二控制訊號SC2與直流輸入電壓VINDC。次級側隔離電路32耦接次級側整流控制器5，用以隔離轉換直流輸入電壓VINDC。 The DC-to-DC converter 3 is coupled to the input DC converter 2 . Specifically, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, they are circuit diagrams of the DC-to-DC converter of the present invention. The DC-to-DC converter 3 includes a primary side isolation circuit 31 and a secondary side isolation circuit 32 . The primary side isolation circuit 31 is coupled to the input DC converter 2 and the primary side controller 4 for receiving the second control signal S C2 and the DC input voltage V INDC provided by the primary side controller 4 . The secondary-side isolation circuit 32 is coupled to the secondary-side rectifier controller 5 for isolating and converting the DC input voltage V INDC .

初級側隔離電路31包括橋式切換電路311與諧振電路312。橋式切換電路311包括上開關QH與下開關QL。上開關QH的第一端耦接輸入直流轉換器2。下開關QL的第一端耦接上開關QH的第二端與諧振電路312。初級側控制器4提供第二控制訊號SC2控制上開關QH與下開關QL。 The primary side isolation circuit 31 includes a bridge switching circuit 311 and a resonant circuit 312 . The bridge switching circuit 311 includes an upper switch QH and a lower switch QL . The first terminal of the upper switch Q H is coupled to the input DC converter 2 . The first terminal of the lower switch QL is coupled to the second terminal of the upper switch QH and the resonant circuit 312. The primary side controller 4 provides the second control signal SC2 to control the upper switch QH and the lower switch QL .

次級側隔離電路32包括橋式同步整流電路321與降壓型轉換電路322。橋式同步整流電路321包括第一開關Q1、第二開關Q2、第三開關Q3、第四 開關Q4、第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22。其中，第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12與第一輔助諧振電感W21、第二輔助諧振電感W22係分別為相同之電感性裝置(例如變壓器)的主繞組與輔助繞組所實現。因此，第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12與第一輔助諧振電感W21、第二輔助諧振電感W22其上的電壓大小與相應的繞組匝數比為正比關係。 The secondary side isolation circuit 32 includes a bridge synchronous rectifier circuit 321 and a buck conversion circuit 322 . The bridge synchronous rectifier circuit 321 includes a first switch Q 1 , a second switch Q 2 , a third switch Q 3 , a fourth switch Q 4 , a first main resonant inductor W 11 , a second main resonant inductor W 12 , a first auxiliary switch The resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 . Among them, the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 are respectively the main winding and the auxiliary winding of the same inductive device (such as a transformer). realized by winding. Therefore, the voltage magnitudes on the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 are proportional to the corresponding winding turns ratio.

第一輔助諧振電感W21的第一端耦接第一開關Q1的第二端，第一輔助諧振電感W21的第二端耦接第二開關Q2的第一端與第一主諧振電感W11的第二端。第二輔助諧振電感W22的第一端耦接第三開關Q3的第二端，第二輔助諧振電感W22的第二端耦接第四開關Q4的第一端與第二主諧振電感W12的第一端。第一主諧振電感W11的第一端耦接第二主諧振電感W12的第二端。在本實施例中，第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的第一端皆為打點端，而第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的第二端皆為非打點端，然不以此為限制本發明。 The first terminal of the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 is coupled to the second terminal of the first switch Q 1 , and the second terminal of the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 is coupled to the first terminal of the second switch Q 2 and the first main resonance. second terminal of inductor W 11 . The first terminal of the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 is coupled to the second terminal of the third switch Q 3 , and the second terminal of the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 is coupled to the first terminal of the fourth switch Q 4 and the second main resonance. The first terminal of the inductor W 12 . The first terminal of the first main resonant inductor W 11 is coupled to the second terminal of the second main resonant inductor W 12 . In this embodiment, the first terminals of the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 are all connected terminals. The second terminals of the resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 are all non-junction terminals, but this does not limit the present invention.

第三開關Q3的第一端耦接第一開關Q1的第一端與降壓型轉換電路322。第四開關Q4的第二端耦接第二開關Q2的第二端與降壓型轉換電路322。次級側整流控制器5提供第三控制訊號SC3控制第一開關Q1、第二開關Q2、第三開關Q3以及第四開關Q4。 The first terminal of the third switch Q 3 is coupled to the first terminal of the first switch Q 1 and the buck conversion circuit 322 . The second terminal of the fourth switch Q 4 is coupled to the second terminal of the second switch Q 2 and the buck conversion circuit 322 . The secondary side rectification controller 5 provides the third control signal S C3 to control the first switch Q 1 , the second switch Q 2 , the third switch Q 3 and the fourth switch Q 4 .

橋式同步整流電路321更包括第一電容C1與第二電容C2。第一電容C1的第一端耦接第三開關Q3的第一端與第一開關Q1的第一端。第二電容C2的第一端耦接第一電容C1的第二端，以及第一主諧振電感W11的第一端與第二主諧振電感W12的第二端(即第一主諧振電感W11與第二主諧振電感W12的共接端)。第二電容C2的第二端耦接第四開關Q4的第二端與第二開關Q2的第二端。 The bridge synchronous rectifier circuit 321 further includes a first capacitor C 1 and a second capacitor C 2 . The first terminal of the first capacitor C 1 is coupled to the first terminal of the third switch Q 3 and the first terminal of the first switch Q 1 . The first terminal of the second capacitor C 2 is coupled to the second terminal of the first capacitor C 1 , and the first terminal of the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the second terminal of the second main resonant inductor W 12 (i.e., the first main resonant inductor W 12 ). The common terminal of the resonant inductor W 11 and the second main resonant inductor W 12 ). The second terminal of the second capacitor C 2 is coupled to the second terminal of the fourth switch Q 4 and the second terminal of the second switch Q 2 .

降壓型轉換電路322用以轉換轉換電壓VCON為直流輸出電壓VOUTDC。降壓型轉換電路322包括第五開關Q5、第六開關Q6、二極體D、電感L以及電容C。第五開關Q5的第一端耦接第三開關Q3的第一端與第一電容C1的第一端。第六開關Q6的第一端耦接第一主諧振電感W11的第一端與第二主諧振電感W12的第二端；第六開關Q6的第二端耦接第五開關Q5的第二端。二極體D的陰極耦接第五開關Q5的第二端與第六開關Q6的第二端。電感L的第一端耦接二極體D的陰極。電容C的第一端耦接電感L的第二端，電容C的第二端耦接二極體D的陽極與第四開關Q4的第二端。在一實施例中，第六開關Q6可以背靠背的半導體元件實現，然不以此為限制本發明。 The buck conversion circuit 322 is used to convert the conversion voltage V CON into the DC output voltage V OUTDC . The buck conversion circuit 322 includes a fifth switch Q 5 , a sixth switch Q 6 , a diode D, an inductor L and a capacitor C. The first terminal of the fifth switch Q 5 is coupled to the first terminal of the third switch Q 3 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C 1 . The first terminal of the sixth switch Q 6 is coupled to the first terminal of the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the second terminal of the second main resonant inductor W 12 ; the second terminal of the sixth switch Q 6 is coupled to the fifth switch Q The second end of 5 . The cathode of the diode D is coupled to the second terminal of the fifth switch Q5 and the second terminal of the sixth switch Q6 . The first terminal of the inductor L is coupled to the cathode of the diode D. The first terminal of the capacitor C is coupled to the second terminal of the inductor L, and the second terminal of the capacitor C is coupled to the anode of the diode D and the second terminal of the fourth switch Q 4 . In one embodiment, the sixth switch Q6 can be implemented with back-to-back semiconductor components, but this does not limit the invention.

初級側控制器4耦接輸入直流轉換器2與直流轉直流轉換器3，提供第一控制訊號SC1控制輸入直流轉換器2轉換調整輸入電壓VINRF為直流輸入電壓VINDC，且提供第二控制訊號SC2控制直流轉直流轉換器3。 The primary side controller 4 is coupled to the input DC converter 2 and the DC-to-DC converter 3, provides the first control signal S C1 to control the input DC converter 2 to convert and adjust the input voltage V INRF to the DC input voltage V INDC , and provides a second The control signal S C2 controls the DC-to-DC converter 3 .

次級側整流控制器5耦接直流轉直流轉換器3，提供第三控制訊號SC3控制直流轉直流轉換器3基於增益條件轉換直流輸入電壓VINDC為轉換電壓VCON，對負載7供電。 The secondary side rectification controller 5 is coupled to the DC-to-DC converter 3 and provides the third control signal S C3 to control the DC-to-DC converter 3 to convert the DC input voltage V INDC to the conversion voltage V CON based on the gain condition to supply power to the load 7 .

次級側回授控制器6耦接初級側控制器4與次級側整流控制器5。次級側回授控制器6接收負載7提供的負載供電需求訊號SLP控制初級側控制器4與次級側整流控制器5的操作。具體地，次級側回授控制器6提供包括交直流回授控制訊號SCAD與直直流回授控制訊號SCDD的回授控制訊號至初級側控制器4，且提供整流控制訊號SCSR至次級側整流控制器5。 The secondary side feedback controller 6 is coupled to the primary side controller 4 and the secondary side rectification controller 5 . The secondary side feedback controller 6 receives the load power demand signal S LP provided by the load 7 to control the operations of the primary side controller 4 and the secondary side rectification controller 5 . Specifically, the secondary side feedback controller 6 provides a feedback control signal including an AC and DC feedback control signal S CAD and a DC and DC feedback control signal S CDD to the primary side controller 4 , and provides the rectification control signal S CSR to Secondary side rectification controller 5.

初級側控制器4根據交直流回授控制訊號SCAD控制輸入直流轉換器2，根據直直流回授控制訊號SCDD控制直流轉直流轉換器3，且根據整流控制訊號SCSR控制次級側整流控制器5與調整增益條件。 The primary side controller 4 controls the input DC converter 2 according to the AC and DC feedback control signal S CAD , controls the DC-to-DC converter 3 according to the DC and DC feedback control signal S CDD , and controls the secondary side rectification according to the rectification control signal S CSR . Controller 5 adjusts the gain conditions.

當橋式同步整流電路321為半橋操作時，此時轉換電壓VCON為第一電壓，例如但不限制為20伏特，第三控制訊號SC3控制第一開關Q1與第三開關Q3關斷，且控制第二開關Q2與第四開關Q4相互切換導通，因此激磁第一主諧振電感W11或第二主諧振電感W12。在本實施例中，當第二開關Q2導通，形成第一磁激路徑包括第二開關Q2、第一主諧振電感W11以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此對第一主諧振電感W11進行激磁。當第四開關Q4導通，形成第二磁激路徑包括第四開關Q4、第二主諧振電感W12以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此對第二主諧振電感W12進行激磁。 When the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit 321 operates as a half-bridge, the conversion voltage V CON is the first voltage, for example but not limited to 20 volts, and the third control signal S C3 controls the first switch Q 1 and the third switch Q 3 is turned off, and the second switch Q 2 and the fourth switch Q 4 are controlled to switch on and off with each other, so the first main resonant inductor W 11 or the second main resonant inductor W 12 is excited. In this embodiment, when the second switch Q 2 is turned on, a first magnetic excitation path is formed including the second switch Q 2 , the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the buck conversion circuit 322 , so the first main resonant inductor W is 11 Carry out magnetization. When the fourth switch Q 4 is turned on, a second magnetic excitation path is formed including the fourth switch Q 4 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the buck conversion circuit 322 , so the second main resonant inductor W 12 is excited.

對稱的電路操作為，轉換電壓VCON為第一電壓時，第三控制訊號SC3控制第二開關Q2與第四開關Q4關斷，且控制第一開關Q1與第三開關Q3相互切換導通，因此激磁第一主諧振電感W11或第二主諧振電感W12。在本實施例中，當第一開關Q1導通，形成第三磁激路徑包括第一開關Q1、第一主諧振電感W11以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此對第一主諧振電感W11進行激磁。當第三開關Q3導通，形成第四磁激路徑包括第三開關Q3、第二主諧振電感W12以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此對第二主諧振電感W12進行激磁。 The symmetrical circuit operation is that when the conversion voltage V CON is the first voltage, the third control signal S C3 controls the second switch Q 2 and the fourth switch Q 4 to turn off, and controls the first switch Q 1 and the third switch Q 3 Mutually switched on, the first main resonant inductor W 11 or the second main resonant inductor W 12 is excited. In this embodiment, when the first switch Q 1 is turned on, a third magnetic excitation path is formed including the first switch Q 1 , the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the buck conversion circuit 322 , so the first main resonant inductor W is 11 Carry out magnetization. When the third switch Q 3 is turned on, a fourth magnetic excitation path is formed including the third switch Q 3 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the buck conversion circuit 322 , so the second main resonant inductor W 12 is excited.

當轉換電壓VCON小於第一電壓(即小於20伏特)時，第五開關Q5與第六開關Q6導通降壓型轉換電路322。具體地，透過控制第五開關Q5的責任週期或第六開關Q6的責任週期，使轉換電壓VCON降壓為不同電壓大小的直流輸出電壓VOUTDC，以提供多組不同大小的輸出電壓。 When the conversion voltage V CON is less than the first voltage (that is, less than 20 volts), the fifth switch Q 5 and the sixth switch Q 6 turn on the buck conversion circuit 322 . Specifically, by controlling the duty cycle of the fifth switch Q 5 or the duty cycle of the sixth switch Q 6 , the conversion voltage V CON is stepped down into the DC output voltage V OUTDC of different voltages, so as to provide multiple sets of output voltages of different sizes. .

惟在需要倍壓輸出需求的全橋操作下，僅有第一主諧振電感W11與第二主諧振電感W12的情況下(意即，無第一輔助諧振電感W21與第二輔助諧振電感W22)，輸出電壓與輸入電壓存在固定的倍數(例如2倍)，因此若要實現非此固定倍數的輸出電壓與輸入電壓的關係時，例如輸入電壓為20伏特，而欲輸出48伏特的輸出電壓，則需要透過拉高前級的PFC(功因校正電路)的輸入電壓(例如從 400伏特拉高為480伏特)，使得透過2倍的電壓增益，提供48伏特的輸出電壓。然而，經由前級PFC所拉高的電壓，將必須增加大電容(bulk capacitor)的體積，如此不利於系統小型化的設計。 However, under full-bridge operation that requires voltage doubling output, there are only the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the second main resonant inductor W 12 (that is, there is no first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor Inductor W 22 ), there is a fixed multiple of the output voltage and the input voltage (for example, 2 times), so if you want to achieve a relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage that is not a fixed multiple, for example, the input voltage is 20 volts and you want to output 48 volts. To increase the output voltage, you need to increase the input voltage of the front-stage PFC (power factor correction circuit) (for example, from 400 volts to 480 volts), so that an output voltage of 48 volts can be provided through a voltage gain of 2 times. However, the voltage pulled up by the front-stage PFC will increase the size of the bulk capacitor, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the system design.

因此，本發明進一步透過使用第一輔助諧振電感W21與第二輔助諧振電感W22優化電路設計。更具體地，透過設計第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的線圈匝數比，實現本發明之目的。 Therefore, the present invention further optimizes the circuit design by using the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 . More specifically, the object of the present invention is achieved by designing the coil turns ratio of the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 .

舉例來說，然不以此為限制本發明，設計第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的線圈匝數比為2：2：1：1，因此，在全橋(即需要倍壓輸出)操作下，可得到第一主諧振電感W11的電壓(即第一主諧振電感W11兩端的跨壓，以下同)為20伏特(簡稱為第一電壓)，第二主諧振電感W12的電壓為20伏特(簡稱為第二電壓)，第一輔助諧振電感W21的電壓為10伏特(簡稱為第三電壓)，以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的電壓為10伏特(簡稱為第四電壓)。在第二開關Q2與第三開關Q3導通的全橋操作下，第一電容C1與第二電容C2兩端的電壓總和為50伏特(意即為第一電壓、第二電壓與第四電壓的總和)。同樣地，在第一開關Q1與第四開關Q4導通的全橋操作下，第一電容C1與第二電容C2兩端的電壓總和為50伏特(意即為第一電壓、第二電壓與第三電壓的總和)。 For example, but this invention is not limited thereto, the coil turns ratio of the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 is designed. is 2:2:1:1. Therefore, under full-bridge operation (that is, a voltage doubler output is required), the voltage of the first main resonant inductor W 11 (that is, the cross-voltage across the first main resonant inductor W 11 ) can be obtained, as follows ) is 20 volts (referred to as the first voltage), the voltage of the second main resonant inductor W 12 is 20 volts (referred to as the second voltage), and the voltage of the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 is 10 volts (referred to as the third voltage) voltage), and the voltage of the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 is 10 volts (referred to as the fourth voltage for short). Under full-bridge operation with the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 turned on, the sum of the voltages across the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is 50 volts (that is, the first voltage, the second voltage and the third voltage). sum of four voltages). Similarly, under full-bridge operation with the first switch Q 1 and the fourth switch Q 4 turned on, the sum of the voltages across the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 is 50 volts (that is, the first voltage, the second voltage voltage and the sum of the third voltage).

在前述的輸出電壓狀態下，可透過兩種方式，將50伏特的輸出電壓修正為48伏特的電壓。第一種方式：可透過提高LLC電路(意即初級側隔離電路31)的操作頻率使其大於諧振頻率，將使得增益略為降小，達到輸出48伏特的輸出電壓，如此將不再需要拉高前級PFC的電壓，因此則不需要選用更大體積的大電容。第二種方式：在不提高LLC電路操作頻率的情況下，可透過拉低前級PFC的電壓(例如從400伏特拉低為380伏特)，可直接實現輸出48伏特的 輸出電壓，意即第一電壓與第二電壓略小於20伏特，而第三電壓與第四電壓略小於10伏特，使得第一電壓、第二電壓與第三電壓的總和或者第一電壓、第二電壓與第四電壓的總和直接達到48伏特。如此不僅可減小大電容的體積有利於系統小型化的設計外，同時可使得電源轉換效率更佳。 In the aforementioned output voltage state, the output voltage of 50 volts can be corrected to a voltage of 48 volts through two methods. The first way: by increasing the operating frequency of the LLC circuit (that is, the primary side isolation circuit 31) to be greater than the resonant frequency, the gain will be slightly reduced to reach an output voltage of 48 volts, so that there is no need to pull it up The voltage of the front-stage PFC, therefore, there is no need to choose a larger large capacitor. The second method: Without increasing the operating frequency of the LLC circuit, you can directly achieve an output of 48 volts by lowering the voltage of the front-stage PFC (for example, from 400 volts to 380 volts). The output voltage means that the first voltage and the second voltage are slightly less than 20 volts, and the third voltage and the fourth voltage are slightly less than 10 volts, so that the sum of the first voltage, the second voltage and the third voltage or the first voltage, the third voltage The sum of the second voltage and the fourth voltage directly reaches 48 volts. This not only reduces the size of the large capacitor, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the system, but also makes the power conversion efficiency better.

此外，本發明更可透過第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22不同線圈匝數比的設計，使得輸出電壓符合更寬範圍電壓的需求。 In addition, the present invention can also design the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 with different coil turns ratios, so that the output voltage meets The need for a wider range of voltages.

意即，當橋式同步整流電路321為全橋操作時，用以提供倍壓輸出，此時轉換電壓VCON為第二電壓，例如但不限制為48伏特或36伏特，第三控制訊號SC3控制第一開關Q1與第四開關Q4同時導通與關斷，且控制第二開關Q2與第三開關Q3同時導通與關斷，且控制第一開關Q1與第二開關Q2相互切換導通，激磁第一主諧振電感W11與第二主諧振電感W12，以及第一輔助諧振電感W21或第二輔助諧振電感W22。具體地，當第一開關Q1與第四開關Q4同時導通時，第一磁激路徑包括第一開關Q1、第一輔助諧振電感W21、第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第四開關Q4以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此同時對第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12以及第一輔助諧振電感W21進行激磁。當第二開關Q2與第三開關Q3同時導通時，第二磁激路徑包括第二開關Q2、第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第二輔助諧振電感W22、第三開關Q3以及降壓型轉換電路322，故此同時對第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12以及第二輔助諧振電感W22進行激磁。 That is, when the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit 321 is in full-bridge operation, it is used to provide a voltage doubled output. At this time, the conversion voltage V CON is a second voltage, such as but not limited to 48 volts or 36 volts, and the third control signal S C3 controls the first switch Q1 and the fourth switch Q4 to be turned on and off at the same time, and controls the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 to be turned on and off at the same time, and controls the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q 2 are switched to conduction with each other to excite the first main resonant inductor W 11 and the second main resonant inductor W 12 , as well as the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 or the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 . Specifically, when the first switch Q 1 and the fourth switch Q 4 are turned on at the same time, the first magnetic excitation path includes the first switch Q 1 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 , the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor The resonant inductor W 12 , the fourth switch Q 4 and the buck conversion circuit 322 therefore simultaneously excite the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 . When the second switch Q 2 and the third switch Q 3 are turned on at the same time, the second magnetic excitation path includes the second switch Q 2 , the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 , the third switch Q 3 and the buck conversion circuit 322, so the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 are excited at the same time.

當轉換電壓VCON小於第二電壓(即小於48伏特或36伏特)時，第五開關Q5與第六開關Q6導通降壓型轉換電路322。透過控制第五開關Q5的責任週期或第六開關Q6的責任週期，使轉換電壓VCON降壓為不同電壓大小的直流輸出電壓VOUTDC，以提供多組不同大小的輸出電壓。 When the conversion voltage V CON is less than the second voltage (that is, less than 48 volts or 36 volts), the fifth switch Q 5 and the sixth switch Q 6 turn on the buck conversion circuit 322 . By controlling the duty cycle of the fifth switch Q 5 or the duty cycle of the sixth switch Q 6 , the conversion voltage V CON is stepped down into the DC output voltage V OUTDC of different voltages to provide multiple sets of output voltages of different sizes.

藉由本發明所提出的電源轉換器，可操作於半橋或全橋電路拓樸，用以彈性地提供多組不同大小的輸出電壓。再者，透過設計第一主諧振電感W11、第二主諧振電感W12、第一輔助諧振電感W21以及第二輔助諧振電感W22的線圈匝數比，實現輸出電壓符合更寬範圍電壓的需求。 The power converter proposed by the present invention can operate in a half-bridge or full-bridge circuit topology to flexibly provide multiple sets of output voltages of different sizes. Furthermore, by designing the coil turns ratio of the first main resonant inductor W 11 , the second main resonant inductor W 12 , the first auxiliary resonant inductor W 21 and the second auxiliary resonant inductor W 22 , the output voltage can be achieved to comply with a wider range of voltages. needs.

以上所述，僅為本發明較佳具體實施例之詳細說明與圖式，惟本發明之特徵並不侷限於此，並非用以限制本發明，本發明之所有範圍應以下述之申請專利範圍為準，凡合於本發明申請專利範圍之精神與其類似變化之實施例，皆應包括於本發明之範疇中，任何熟悉該項技藝者在本發明之領域內，可輕易思及之變化或修飾皆可涵蓋在以下本案之專利範圍。 The above are only detailed descriptions and drawings of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the characteristics of the present invention are not limited thereto and are not used to limit the present invention. The entire scope of the present invention should be determined by the following patent application scope. Subject to the present invention, all embodiments that are within the spirit of the patentable scope of the present invention and similar changes thereof shall be included in the scope of the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can easily think of such changes or modifications in the field of the present invention. Modifications may be covered by the following patent scope of this case.

1:初級側整流濾波電路 1: Primary side rectifier and filter circuit

2:輸入直流轉換器 2:Input DC converter

3:直流轉直流轉換器 3: DC to DC converter

4:初級側控制器 4: Primary side controller

5:次級側整流控制器 5: Secondary side rectification controller

6:次級側回授控制器 6: Secondary side feedback controller

7:負載 7:Load

VIN:輸入電壓 V IN :Input voltage

VINRF:調整輸入電壓 V INRF : adjust the input voltage

VINDC:直流輸入電壓 V INDC : DC input voltage

VOUTDC:直流輸出電壓 V OUTDC : DC output voltage

SC1:第一控制訊號 S C1 : first control signal

SC2:第二控制訊號 S C2 : Second control signal

SC3:第三控制訊號 S C3 : The third control signal

SLP:負載供電需求訊號 SLP : Load power demand signal

SCSR:整流控制訊號 S CSR : Rectification control signal

SCAD:交直流回授控制訊號 S CAD : AC and DC feedback control signal

SCDD:直直流回授控制訊號 S CDD : DC feedback control signal

Claims (18)

一種電源轉換器，包括：一初級側整流濾波電路，接收一輸入電壓，且整流、濾波該輸入電壓以輸出一調整輸入電壓；一輸入直流轉換器，耦接該初級側整流濾波電路，且接收該調整輸入電壓；一直流轉直流轉換器，耦接該輸入直流轉換器；其中該直流轉直流轉換器包括：一初級側隔離電路，耦接該輸入直流轉換器與該初級側控制器，用以接收該第二控制訊號與該直流輸入電壓；其中該初級側隔離電路包括一橋式切換電路與一諧振電路；該次級側隔離電路包括一橋式同步整流電路與一降壓型轉換電路；及一次級側隔離電路，耦接該次級側整流控制器，用以隔離轉換該直流輸入電壓；一初級側控制器，耦接該輸入直流轉換器與該直流轉直流轉換器，提供一第一控制訊號控制該輸入直流轉換器轉換該調整輸入電壓為一直流輸入電壓，且提供一第二控制訊號控制該直流轉直流轉換器；一次級側整流控制器，耦接該直流轉直流轉換器，提供一第三控制訊號控制該直流轉直流轉換器基於一增益條件轉換該直流輸入電壓為一轉換電壓，對一負載供電；及一次級側回授控制器，耦接該初級側控制器與該次級側整流控制器，該次級側回授控制器接收該負載提供的一負載供電需求訊號控制該初級側控制器與該次級側整流控制器的操作。 A power converter includes: a primary side rectification and filtering circuit, which receives an input voltage, and rectifies and filters the input voltage to output an adjusted input voltage; an input DC converter, which is coupled to the primary side rectification and filtering circuit, and receives The input voltage is adjusted; a DC-to-DC converter is coupled to the input DC converter; wherein the DC-to-DC converter includes: a primary side isolation circuit coupled to the input DC converter and the primary side controller for Receive the second control signal and the DC input voltage; wherein the primary side isolation circuit includes a bridge switching circuit and a resonant circuit; the secondary side isolation circuit includes a bridge synchronous rectification circuit and a buck conversion circuit; and primary A primary-side isolation circuit is coupled to the secondary-side rectifier controller to isolate and convert the DC input voltage; a primary-side controller is coupled to the input DC converter and the DC-to-DC converter to provide a first control The signal controls the input DC converter to convert the adjusted input voltage into a DC input voltage, and provides a second control signal to control the DC to DC converter; the primary side rectification controller is coupled to the DC to DC converter to provide A third control signal controls the DC-to-DC converter to convert the DC input voltage into a conversion voltage based on a gain condition to power a load; and a primary-side feedback controller couples the primary-side controller and the secondary The primary side rectification controller receives a load power demand signal provided by the load and controls the operations of the primary side controller and the secondary side rectification controller. 如請求項1所述的電源轉換器，其中該次級側回授控制器提供包括一交直流回授控制訊號與一直直流回授控制訊號的一回授控制訊號至該初級側控制器，且提供一整流控制訊號至該次級側整流控制器；其中該初級側控制器根據該交直流回授控制訊號控制該輸入直流轉換器，根據該直直流回授控制訊號控制該直流轉直流轉換器，且根據該整流控制訊號控制該次級側整流控制器與調整該增益條件。 The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary side feedback controller provides a feedback control signal including an AC and DC feedback control signal and a DC feedback control signal to the primary side controller, and Provide a rectification control signal to the secondary side rectification controller; wherein the primary side controller controls the input DC converter based on the AC/DC feedback control signal, and controls the DC-to-DC converter based on the DC/DC feedback control signal. , and controls the secondary side rectification controller and adjusts the gain condition according to the rectification control signal. 如請求項1所述的電源轉換器，其中該橋式切換電路包括：一上開關，該上開關的一第一端耦接該輸入直流轉換器；及一下開關，該下開關的一第一端耦接該上開關的一第二端與該諧振電路；其中該初級側控制器提供該第二控制訊號控制該上開關與該下開關。 The power converter of claim 1, wherein the bridge switching circuit includes: an upper switch, a first end of the upper switch coupled to the input DC converter; and a lower switch, a first end of the lower switch The terminal is coupled to a second terminal of the upper switch and the resonant circuit; wherein the primary side controller provides the second control signal to control the upper switch and the lower switch. 如請求項1所述的電源轉換器，其中該橋式同步整流電路包括：一第一開關、一第二開關、一第三開關以及一第四開關；一第一主諧振電感與一第二主諧振電感；以及一第一輔助諧振電感與一第二輔助諧振電感；其中該第一輔助諧振電感的一第一端耦接該第一開關的一第二端，該第一輔助諧振電感的一第二端耦接該第二開關的一第一端與該第一主諧振電感的一第二端；該第二輔助諧振電感的一第一端耦接該第三開關的一第二端，該第二輔助諧振電感的一第二端耦接該第四開關的一第一端與該第二主諧振電感的一第一端；該第一主諧振電感的一第一端耦接該第二主諧振電感的一第二端；其中該第三開關的一第一端耦接該第一開關的一第一端與該降壓型轉換電路；該第四開關的一第二端耦接該第二開關的一第二端與該降壓型轉換電路； 其中該次級側整流控制器提供該第三控制訊號控制該第一開關、該第二開關、該第三開關以及該第四開關。 The power converter of claim 1, wherein the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch; a first main resonant inductor and a second a main resonant inductor; and a first auxiliary resonant inductor and a second auxiliary resonant inductor; wherein a first end of the first auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to a second end of the first switch, and the first auxiliary resonant inductor is A second terminal is coupled to a first terminal of the second switch and a second terminal of the first main resonant inductor; a first terminal of the second auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to a second terminal of the third switch. , a second end of the second auxiliary resonant inductor is coupled to a first end of the fourth switch and a first end of the second main resonant inductor; a first end of the first main resonant inductor is coupled to the a second end of the second main resonant inductor; a first end of the third switch coupled to a first end of the first switch and the buck conversion circuit; a second end of the fourth switch coupled Connect a second terminal of the second switch and the buck conversion circuit; The secondary side rectification controller provides the third control signal to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch. 如請求項4所述的電源轉換器，其中該橋式同步整流電路更包括：一第一電容，該第一電容的一第一端耦接該第三開關；及一第二電容，該第二電容的一第一端耦接該第一電容的一第二端，該第二電容的一第二端耦接該第四開關。 The power converter of claim 4, wherein the bridge synchronous rectifier circuit further includes: a first capacitor, a first end of the first capacitor is coupled to the third switch; and a second capacitor, the third switch A first terminal of the two capacitors is coupled to a second terminal of the first capacitor, and a second terminal of the second capacitor is coupled to the fourth switch. 如請求項4所述的電源轉換器，其中該降壓型轉換電路包括：一第五開關，該第五開關的一第一端耦接該第三開關的該第一端；一第六開關，該第六開關的一第一端耦接該第一主諧振電感的該第一端與該第二主諧振電感的該第二端，該第六開關的一第二端耦接該第五開關的一第二端；一二極體，該二極體的一陰極耦接該第五開關的該第二端與該第六開關的該第二端；一電感，該電感的一第一端耦接該二極體的該陰極；及一電容，該電容的一第一端耦接該電感的一第二端，該電容的一第二端耦接該二極體的一陽極與該第四開關的一第二端。 The power converter of claim 4, wherein the buck conversion circuit includes: a fifth switch, a first terminal of the fifth switch is coupled to the first terminal of the third switch; a sixth switch , a first terminal of the sixth switch is coupled to the first terminal of the first main resonant inductor and the second terminal of the second main resonant inductor, and a second terminal of the sixth switch is coupled to the fifth a second end of the switch; a diode, a cathode of the diode is coupled to the second end of the fifth switch and the second end of the sixth switch; an inductor, a first end of the inductor A terminal is coupled to the cathode of the diode; and a capacitor, a first terminal of the capacitor is coupled to a second terminal of the inductor, and a second terminal of the capacitor is coupled to an anode of the diode and the A second terminal of the fourth switch. 如請求項6所述的電源轉換器，其中當該轉換電壓為一第一電壓時，該第一開關與該第三開關關斷，且該第二開關與該第四開關相互切換導通，激磁該第一主諧振電感或該第二主諧振電感。 The power converter of claim 6, wherein when the conversion voltage is a first voltage, the first switch and the third switch are turned off, and the second switch and the fourth switch are switched on and excited. the first main resonant inductor or the second main resonant inductor. 如請求項7所述的電源轉換器，其中當該第二開關導通，形成一第一磁激路徑包括該第二開關、該第一主諧振電感以及該降壓型轉換電路，對 該第一主諧振電感進行激磁；當該第四開關導通，形成一第二磁激路徑包括該第四開關、該第二主諧振電感以及該降壓型轉換電路，對該第二主諧振電感進行激磁。 The power converter of claim 7, wherein when the second switch is turned on, a first magnetic excitation path is formed including the second switch, the first main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit, for The first main resonant inductor is excited; when the fourth switch is turned on, a second magnetic excitation path is formed including the fourth switch, the second main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit, and the second main resonant inductor is Carry out magnetization. 如請求項4所述的電源轉換器，其中當該轉換電壓為一第一電壓時，該第二開關與該第四開關關斷，且該第一開關與該第三開關相互切換導通，激磁該第一主諧振電感或該第二主諧振電感。 The power converter as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the conversion voltage is a first voltage, the second switch and the fourth switch are turned off, and the first switch and the third switch are switched on and excited. the first main resonant inductor or the second main resonant inductor. 如請求項9所述的電源轉換器，其中當該第一開關導通，形成一第三磁激路徑包括該第一開關、該第一主諧振電感以及該降壓型轉換電路，對該第一主諧振電感進行激磁；當該第三開關導通，形成一第四磁激路徑包括該第三開關、該第二主諧振電感以及該降壓型轉換電路，對該第二主諧振電感進行激磁。 The power converter of claim 9, wherein when the first switch is turned on, a third magnetic excitation path is formed including the first switch, the first main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit, and the first switch is turned on. The main resonant inductor is excited; when the third switch is turned on, a fourth magnetic excitation path is formed including the third switch, the second main resonant inductor and the buck conversion circuit, and the second main resonant inductor is excited. 如請求項6所述的電源轉換器，其中當該轉換電壓為一第二電壓時，該第一開關與該第四開關同時導通與關斷，該第二開關與該第三開關同時導通與關斷，且該第一開關與該第二開關相互切換導通，激磁該第一主諧振電感與該第二主諧振電感以及該第一輔助諧振電感或該第二輔助諧振電感。 The power converter of claim 6, wherein when the conversion voltage is a second voltage, the first switch and the fourth switch are turned on and off at the same time, and the second switch and the third switch are turned on and off at the same time. Turn off, and the first switch and the second switch are switched on and off to excite the first main resonant inductor, the second main resonant inductor and the first auxiliary resonant inductor or the second auxiliary resonant inductor. 如請求項10所述的電源轉換器，其中當該第一開關與該第四開關同時導通時，形成一第一磁激路徑包括該第一開關、該第一輔助諧振電感、該第一主諧振電感、該第二主諧振電感、該第四開關以及該降壓型轉換電路；當該第二開關與該第三開關同時導通時，形成一第二磁激路徑包括該第二開關、該第一主諧振電感、該第二主諧振電感、該第二輔助諧振電感、該第三開關以及該降壓型轉換電路。 The power converter of claim 10, wherein when the first switch and the fourth switch are turned on at the same time, a first magnetic excitation path is formed including the first switch, the first auxiliary resonant inductor, the first main The resonant inductor, the second main resonant inductor, the fourth switch and the buck conversion circuit; when the second switch and the third switch are turned on at the same time, a second magnetic excitation path is formed including the second switch, the The first main resonant inductor, the second main resonant inductor, the second auxiliary resonant inductor, the third switch and the buck conversion circuit. 如請求項4所述的電源轉換器，其中配合提高該初級側隔離電路的操作頻率大於諧振頻率，調整該電源轉換器的輸出電壓。 The power converter of claim 4, wherein the output voltage of the power converter is adjusted by increasing the operating frequency of the primary-side isolation circuit to be greater than the resonant frequency. 如請求項4所述的電源轉換器，其中配合降低一前級功因校正電路的電壓，調整該電源轉換器的輸出電壓。 The power converter of claim 4, wherein the output voltage of the power converter is adjusted by lowering the voltage of a front-stage power factor correction circuit. 如請求項7所述的電源轉換器，其中當該轉換電壓小於該第一電壓時，該第五開關與該第六開關導通該降壓型轉換電路。 The power converter of claim 7, wherein when the conversion voltage is less than the first voltage, the fifth switch and the sixth switch conduct the buck conversion circuit. 如請求項11所述的電源轉換器，其中當該轉換電壓小於該第二電壓時，該第五開關與該第六開關導通該降壓型轉換電路。 The power converter of claim 11, wherein when the conversion voltage is less than the second voltage, the fifth switch and the sixth switch conduct the buck conversion circuit. 如請求項6所述的電源轉換器，其中該降壓型轉換電路用以轉換該轉換電壓為一直流輸出電壓。 The power converter of claim 6, wherein the step-down conversion circuit is used to convert the conversion voltage into a DC output voltage. 如請求項17所述的電源轉換器，其中透過控制該第五開關的一責任週期或該第六開關的一責任週期，使該轉換電壓降壓為不同電壓大小的該直流輸出電壓。 The power converter of claim 17, wherein the conversion voltage is stepped down into the DC output voltages of different voltages by controlling a duty cycle of the fifth switch or a duty cycle of the sixth switch.
TW111140265A 2022-09-12 2022-10-24 Power converter TWI818776B (en)

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Citations (4)

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US9812977B2 (en) * 2015-04-01 2017-11-07 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Resonant converters with an improved voltage regulation range
TW202019070A (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-05-16 美商谷歌有限責任公司 High-bandwidth resonant power converters and method for power conversion
CN113746341A (en) * 2020-05-27 2021-12-03 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Switching converter, operating method thereof and controller circuit
US20220149744A1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Delta Electronics, Inc. Sigma, delta and sigma-delta dc/dc converters for wide input and output voltage ranges

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9812977B2 (en) * 2015-04-01 2017-11-07 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Resonant converters with an improved voltage regulation range
TW202019070A (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-05-16 美商谷歌有限責任公司 High-bandwidth resonant power converters and method for power conversion
CN113746341A (en) * 2020-05-27 2021-12-03 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Switching converter, operating method thereof and controller circuit
US20220149744A1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Delta Electronics, Inc. Sigma, delta and sigma-delta dc/dc converters for wide input and output voltage ranges

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