TWI813086B - Power generation system and its control method and program - Google Patents

Power generation system and its control method and program Download PDF

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TWI813086B
TWI813086B TW110145006A TW110145006A TWI813086B TW I813086 B TWI813086 B TW I813086B TW 110145006 A TW110145006 A TW 110145006A TW 110145006 A TW110145006 A TW 110145006A TW I813086 B TWI813086 B TW I813086B
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generator
boiler
output
correction value
power generation
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TW202242243A (en
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竹友孝裕
三田尚
池田幸臣
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日商三菱重工業股份有限公司
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

[課題]目的在於提供一種可以使發電機輸出增加之發電系統、及其控制方法以及程式。 [解決手段]一種發電系統，具備：鍋爐、使用在鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、經由蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機、以及控制鍋爐之系統控制裝置(15)；系統控制裝置(15)具備：補正值設定部(20)，其係在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出(MWD)與發電機輸出的偏差(ΔMW)來計算補正值；以及鍋爐控制部(40)，其係根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出(MWD)增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令(BID)。 [Problem] The purpose is to provide a power generation system that can increase the output of a generator, and its control method and program. [Solution] A power generation system including: a boiler, a steam turbine that rotates using steam generated by the boiler, a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine, and a system control device (15) that controls the boiler; system control device (15) Equipped with: a correction value setting part (20), which, when the load state is above the threshold value and the load variation range is within a prescribed range, determines based on the deviation between the generator required output (MWD) and the generator output ( ΔMW) to calculate a correction value; and a boiler control unit (40) that increases the generator required output (MWD) based on the correction value and generates a command for controlling the boiler, which is a boiler input command (BID).

Description

發電系統及其之控制方法以及程式Power generation system and its control method and program

本揭示有關發電系統及其控制方法以及程式。This disclosure relates to a power generation system and its control method and program.

於火力發電廠等，多採用有具備鍋爐與蒸汽渦輪機作為主要的構成要件之發電系統。該發電系統為使用在鍋爐產生的蒸汽來透過蒸汽渦輪機發電。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] In thermal power plants, etc., power generation systems with boilers and steam turbines as main components are often used. The power generation system uses the steam generated in the boiler to generate electricity through a steam turbine. [Prior technical literature] [Patent Document]

[專利文獻1]日本特開平11-182212號專利公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2018-185600號專利公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 11-182212 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-185600

[發明欲解決之課題][Problem to be solved by the invention]

例如在夏季，隨著外部氣體溫度的上升而產生凝結器的真空壓下降等的現象。在這樣的情況下成為發電機輸出容易下降的狀態(例如專利文獻1)，是有得不到額定負載份的輸出的情況。其他，例如有因為機器的長年劣化而輸出下降的可能性(例如專利文獻2)。如此發電機輸出短少的話，是有無法得到充分的發電量而發電量不足的可能性。For example, in summer, phenomena such as a decrease in the vacuum pressure of the condenser occur as the outside air temperature rises. In such a case, the generator output is likely to decrease (for example, Patent Document 1), and the output corresponding to the rated load may not be obtained. In addition, there is a possibility that the output may decrease due to long-term deterioration of the device (for example, Patent Document 2). If the generator output is insufficient in this way, sufficient power generation may not be obtained and the power generation may be insufficient.

本揭示為有鑑於這樣的情事而為之的創作，其目的在於提供一種發電系統、及其控制方法以及程式，其係可以使發電機輸出增加。 [解決課題之手段] This disclosure was created in view of such a situation, and its purpose is to provide a power generation system, a control method and a program thereof, which can increase the output of the generator. [Means to solve the problem]

本揭示的第1樣態是一種發電系統，具備：鍋爐；使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機；經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；以及控制前述鍋爐之系統控制裝置；其中，前述系統控制裝置具備：補正值設定部，其係在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值；以及鍋爐控制部，其係根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令。A first aspect of the present disclosure is a power generation system including: a boiler; a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler; a generator that generates electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine; and a system control device that controls the boiler. ; Among them, the aforementioned system control device includes: a correction value setting unit that calculates the correction based on the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output when the load state is above the threshold and the load variation range is within a prescribed range. value; and a boiler control unit that increases the required output of the generator based on the correction value and generates an instruction for controlling the boiler, that is, a boiler input instruction.

本揭示的第2樣態是一種發電系統的控制方法，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制方法具有：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之程序；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之程序。A second aspect of the present disclosure is a method of controlling a power generation system including a boiler, a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity by rotating the steam turbine; wherein , the control method includes: when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, a correction value is calculated based on the deviation between the generator's required output and the generator's output; and based on the aforementioned correction value A program that increases the required output of the generator and generates instructions for controlling the boiler is a boiler input instruction.

本揭示的第3樣態是一種發電系統的控制程式，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制程式用於使電腦執行以下的處理：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之處理；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之處理。 [發明效果] A third aspect of the present disclosure is a control program for a power generation system that includes a boiler, a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity by rotating the steam turbine; wherein , this control program is used to cause the computer to perform the following processing: when the load state is above the threshold and the load change range is within the specified range, the correction value is calculated based on the deviation between the generator's required output and the generator's output. ; and the processing of increasing the required output of the generator based on the correction value and generating an instruction for controlling the boiler, that is, a boiler input instruction. [Effects of the invention]

根據本揭示，可以發揮使發電機輸出增加之效果。According to this disclosure, the effect of increasing the generator output can be exerted.

以下，參閱圖面說明有關本發明的一實施方式之發電系統及其控制方法。圖1為概略表示有關本實施方式之發電系統1的整體構成之方塊圖。於圖1，發電系統1具備：鍋爐10、使用在鍋爐10產生出的蒸汽來旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機3、經由蒸汽渦輪機3的旋轉來發電之發電機5、以及進行蒸汽渦輪機3的控制之系統控制裝置15。尚且，作為鍋爐10，不限於CFB，也可以適用如HRSG之其他形式的鍋爐。 在鍋爐10內，設有使燃料燃燒之燃燒爐2。設在燃燒爐2之水冷壁2'中產生出的蒸汽係藉由蒸汽配管L1供給到蒸汽渦輪機3。在蒸汽配管L1，串聯設置一次過熱器4a、降溫器16、二次過熱器4b。尚且，在圖1表示出降溫器16為1臺的情況，但是，也可以是構成還設在二次過熱器4b的後段。 Hereinafter, a power generation system and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the overall structure of the power generation system 1 according to this embodiment. In FIG. 1 , a power generation system 1 includes a boiler 10 , a steam turbine 3 that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler 10 , a generator 5 that generates electricity by rotating the steam turbine 3 , and a system control that controls the steam turbine 3 . Device 15. In addition, the boiler 10 is not limited to CFB, but other types of boilers such as HRSG can also be applied. The boiler 10 is provided with a combustion furnace 2 for burning fuel. The steam generated in the water-cooled wall 2' provided in the combustion furnace 2 is supplied to the steam turbine 3 through the steam pipe L1. In the steam pipe L1, a primary superheater 4a, a desuperheater 16, and a secondary superheater 4b are provided in series. Although FIG. 1 shows a case where there is one desuperheater 16, it may also be provided at the rear stage of the secondary superheater 4b.

在鍋爐10與蒸汽渦輪機3之間的蒸汽配管L1，設有用於調整往蒸汽渦輪機3的蒸汽供給量之蒸汽調整閥6。在採用完全變壓運轉模式的情況下，蒸汽調整閥6可以與發電機要求輸出(發電要求輸出)MWD無關而維持在全開狀態。The steam pipe L1 between the boiler 10 and the steam turbine 3 is provided with a steam regulating valve 6 for adjusting the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 3 . When the full voltage conversion operation mode is adopted, the steam regulating valve 6 can be maintained in the fully open state regardless of the generator required output (power generation required output) MWD.

發電系統1具備：把水供給到設在燃燒爐2的水冷壁2'之供水泵8、回收從蒸汽渦輪機3排出蒸汽並回復成水(液體)之凝結器9、把在凝結器9產生出的水導到供水泵8之配管L2等。The power generation system 1 is provided with: a water supply pump 8 that supplies water to the water wall 2' provided in the combustion furnace 2, a condenser 9 that recovers steam discharged from the steam turbine 3 and returns it to water (liquid), and a condenser 9 that generates The water is led to the pipe L2 of the water supply pump 8 and so on.

而且，在蒸汽配管L1中的二次過熱器4b與蒸汽調整閥6之間，設有用於計測主蒸汽壓力之壓力感測器11。壓力感測器11的計測值係輸出到系統控制裝置15，用於蒸汽渦輪機3的控制。Furthermore, a pressure sensor 11 for measuring the main steam pressure is provided between the secondary superheater 4b and the steam regulating valve 6 in the steam pipe L1. The measured value of the pressure sensor 11 is output to the system control device 15 and used for control of the steam turbine 3 .

具備這樣的構成之發電系統1中，在燃燒爐2使燃料燃燒，並且，啟動供水泵8而使水流通到設在燃燒爐2之水冷壁2'，經此，使蒸汽產生。 在燃燒爐2的水冷壁2'產生出的蒸汽，係被導往一次過熱器4a而過熱後，在降溫器16中降溫，在二次過熱器4b中再過熱。在二次過熱器4b再過熱的蒸汽被導入到蒸汽渦輪機3，用於驅動蒸汽渦輪機3。經由蒸汽渦輪機3的旋轉而發電機5發電，該發電電力被送到例如電力系統(圖示略)等。 In the power generation system 1 having such a configuration, fuel is burned in the combustion furnace 2, and the water supply pump 8 is started to flow water to the water wall 2' provided in the combustion furnace 2, thereby generating steam. The steam generated in the water-cooled wall 2' of the combustion furnace 2 is led to the primary superheater 4a to be overheated, then cooled in the desuperheater 16, and then overheated in the secondary superheater 4b. The steam reheated in the secondary superheater 4b is introduced into the steam turbine 3 and used to drive the steam turbine 3. The generator 5 generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine 3, and the generated electric power is sent to, for example, an electric power system (not shown).

驅動了蒸汽渦輪機3後的蒸汽被導到凝結器9，經由凝結器9回復成(液體)。在凝結器9產生出的水係經由設在配管L2之未圖示的各種裝置而再次回到供水泵8，在鍋爐10中再次被使用。The steam that drives the steam turbine 3 is led to the condenser 9 and is returned to (liquid) via the condenser 9 . The water generated in the condenser 9 returns to the water supply pump 8 again through various devices (not shown) provided in the pipe L2 and is used again in the boiler 10 .

系統控制裝置15係控制鍋爐10等。The system control device 15 controls the boiler 10 and the like.

圖2為表是有關本實施方式之系統控制裝置15的硬體構成的其中一例之圖。 如圖2表示，系統控制裝置15為電腦系統(計算機系統)，具備例如：CPU110、用於記憶CPU110所執行的程式等之ROM(Read Only Memory)120、作為各程式執行時的工件領域發揮功能之RAM(Random Access Memory)130、作為大容量記憶裝置的硬碟裝置(HDD)140、以及用於與網路等連接的通訊部150。尚且，作為大容量記憶裝置，也可以使用固態硬碟(SSD)。這些各個單元係透過匯流排180來連接。 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the system control device 15 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2 , the system control device 15 is a computer system (computer system) and includes, for example, a CPU 110 and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 120 for storing programs executed by the CPU 110 and functions as a workpiece area when each program is executed. RAM (Random Access Memory) 130, a hard disk device (HDD) 140 as a large-capacity storage device, and a communication unit 150 for connecting to a network or the like. Furthermore, as a large-capacity memory device, a solid-state drive (SSD) can also be used. These various units are connected through bus bars 180 .

而且，系統控制裝置15也可以具備：鑰匙盤或滑鼠等所構成的輸入部、顯示資料的液晶顯示裝置等所構成的顯示部等。Furthermore, the system control device 15 may include an input unit composed of a key disk, a mouse, etc., a display unit composed of a liquid crystal display device that displays data, and the like.

尚且，用於記憶CPU110所執行的程式等的記憶媒體不限於ROM120。例如，也可以是磁性碟片、光磁性碟片、半導體記憶體等之其他的輔助記憶裝置。In addition, the storage medium for storing programs and the like executed by the CPU 110 is not limited to the ROM 120 . For example, it may also be a magnetic disk, an opto-magnetic disk, a semiconductor memory, or other auxiliary memory devices.

用於實現後述的各種功能之一連串的處理的過程係以程式的形式被記錄到硬碟裝置140等，CPU110讀出該程式到RAM130等，來執行資訊的加工、演算處理，經此，實現後述的各種功能。尚且，程式也可以適用在，預先安裝到ROM120或其他的記憶媒體之型態，或是提供有記憶在電腦可讀取的記憶媒體的狀態之型態，或是透過有線或是無線所致之通訊手段來配送之型態等。所謂電腦可讀取的記憶媒體，為磁性碟片、光磁性碟片、CD-ROM、DVD-ROM、半導體記憶體等。A series of processing procedures for realizing various functions described below are recorded in the hard disk device 140 and the like in the form of a program. The CPU 110 reads the program into the RAM 130 and the like to perform information processing and calculation processing. Through this, the processes described below are realized. various functions. Moreover, the program can also be applied in a form that is pre-installed in ROM 120 or other memory media, or in a form that provides a state of memory in a computer-readable memory medium, or in a form that is generated through wired or wireless The type of delivery by means of communication, etc. The so-called computer-readable memory media include magnetic discs, opto-magnetic discs, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, semiconductor memories, etc.

圖3為表示系統控制裝置15的概略構成之圖。如圖3所示，系統控制裝置15具備：補正值設定部20、主蒸汽壓力設定部30、鍋爐控制部40、以及調節控制部50。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of the system control device 15 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the system control device 15 includes a correction value setting unit 20 , a main steam pressure setting unit 30 , a boiler control unit 40 , and a regulation control unit 50 .

補正值設定部20係在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差來計算補正值AM1。具體方面，補正值設定部20具備：減法運算部21、條件判定部22、訊號切換部23、鈍化處理部24、PI控制部25、變化率限制部26、保持部27、以及訊號切換部28。The correction value setting unit 20 calculates the correction value AM1 based on the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output when the load state is equal to or higher than the threshold value and the load variation range is within a predetermined range. Specifically, the correction value setting unit 20 includes a subtraction unit 21, a condition determination unit 22, a signal switching unit 23, a passivation processing unit 24, a PI control unit 25, a change rate limiting unit 26, a holding unit 27, and a signal switching unit 28. .

減法運算部21係計算發電機要求輸出MWD與實際輸出(發電機輸出)之偏差(差值)，並輸出到PI控制部25。在以下的說明，把偏差表示為ΔMW。偏差(ΔMW)成為從發電機要求輸出MWD減去了實際輸出之值。The subtraction unit 21 calculates the deviation (difference) between the generator required output MWD and the actual output (generator output), and outputs the difference to the PI control unit 25 . In the following description, the deviation is expressed as ΔMW. The deviation (ΔMW) is the value obtained by subtracting the actual output from the generator required output MWD.

條件判定部22係進行條件判定並輸出條件成立或是條件不成立。如例如圖3表示般，在條件判定部22，設定第1條件、第2條件、及第3條件(邏輯積)。尚且，也可以是僅有第1條件及第2條件，也可以是附加其他的條件。條件判定部22係在已設定好的全部的條件都成立的情況下輸出條件成立，在連一個條件都不滿足的話就輸出條件不成立。The condition determination unit 22 performs condition determination and outputs whether the condition is satisfied or the condition is not satisfied. As shown in FIG. 3 , for example, in the condition determination unit 22, the first condition, the second condition, and the third condition (logical product) are set. Furthermore, only the first condition and the second condition may be included, or other conditions may be added. The condition determination unit 22 outputs the condition is satisfied when all the set conditions are satisfied, and outputs the condition is not satisfied when even one condition is not satisfied.

第1條件係負載狀態為閾值以上。閾值係根據額定負載來設定。具體方面，閾值設定在額定負載附近(例如從額定負載起算低於規定的裕度份的值)。亦即，第1條件係判定負載狀態接近到額定負載。關於負載狀態，可以使用發電機要求輸出MWD。亦即，第1條件可以是發電機要求輸出MWD為預先設定好的閾值β以上。如此，在第1條件判為定額定負載狀態(或是接近)。The first condition is that the load state is above the threshold. The threshold is set based on the rated load. Specifically, the threshold value is set near the rated load (for example, a value lower than a predetermined margin from the rated load). That is, the first condition is to determine that the load state is close to the rated load. Regarding the load status, the generator can be used to request the output MWD. That is, the first condition may be that the generator required output MWD is equal to or higher than the preset threshold β. In this way, it is determined that the rated load state is (or close to it) under the first condition.

第2條件係負載變化幅度(每規定時間的負載變化量)在規定範圍以內。規定範圍係預先設定作為視為負載沒有變化的恆常狀態之範圍。亦即，理想上，在第2條件判定負載沒有變化(負載不在變化中)。所謂負載不在變化中，例如也可以是，以沒有負載上升(變化)要求訊號來做判定。負載上升要求訊號係經由來自中央供電指揮所的指示，在發電廠的要求負載(發電機要求輸出MWD)上升的情況下，以遠距離或者是操作員手動，一直到到達作為目標的負載(發電機輸出)為止所輸入的訊號。以可以在沒有該負載上升要求訊號的情況下，判定負載沒有變化(負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內)。The second condition is that the load change amplitude (load change amount per specified time) is within the specified range. The specified range is set in advance as a range that is regarded as a constant state in which there is no change in the load. That is, ideally, it is determined that the load has not changed (the load is not changing) under the second condition. The so-called load is not changing, for example, may be determined based on the absence of a load increase (change) request signal. The load increase request signal is transmitted through instructions from the central power supply command post. When the required load of the power plant (generator required output MWD) rises, it is sent remotely or manually by the operator until it reaches the target load (generator). the input signal until output). In this way, it can be determined that the load has not changed (the load change amplitude is within the specified range) without the load increase request signal.

第3條件係蒸汽調整閥6的開啟度為閾值α以上。具體方面，第3條件係蒸汽調整閥6的開啟度為全開。為此，閾值α係可以預先設定成可以判斷蒸汽調整閥6為全開的值。尚且，閾值α係相對於全開狀態，也可以額外加上規定的裕度來做設定。The third condition is that the opening degree of the steam regulating valve 6 is equal to or higher than the threshold value α. Specifically, the third condition is that the opening degree of the steam regulating valve 6 is fully open. For this reason, the threshold α can be set in advance to a value that can determine that the steam regulating valve 6 is fully open. Furthermore, the threshold α can also be set with an additional predetermined margin relative to the fully open state.

如此，在條件判定部22，把第1條件、第2條件、及第3條件作為AND條件，判定滿足全部的條件。In this way, the condition determination unit 22 uses the first condition, the second condition, and the third condition as AND conditions, and determines that all conditions are satisfied.

接著更進一步，條件判定部22係作為追加的條件(第4條件)，也可以是判定：外部氣體溫度為規定值以上的情況、及發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差為規定值以上的情況之至少任意其中一方。Furthermore, the condition determination unit 22 may determine, as an additional condition (the fourth condition), that the outside air temperature is a predetermined value or above, and that the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output is a predetermined value or above. At least any one of the situations.

例如，在夏季的外部氣體溫度為高的情況下，起因於凝結器9的真空壓下降等而發電機輸出容易不足。亦即，藉由判定外部氣體溫度為規定值以上，可以判定隨外部氣體溫度上升之輸出不足的可能性。閾值係經由外部氣體溫度與發電機輸出的不足量之關係來預先設定。For example, when the outside air temperature is high in summer, the generator output is likely to be insufficient due to a drop in the vacuum pressure of the condenser 9 or the like. That is, by determining that the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it is possible to determine the possibility of insufficient output as the outside air temperature rises. The threshold is preset through the relationship between the outside air temperature and the generator output deficiency.

而且，也藉由判定發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差為規定值以上，可以判定夏季的輸出不足。確定值係根據例如發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差的可容許值來設定。尚且，發電機輸出不足的現象係也可以藉由與外部氣體溫度無關之例如機器的劣化等來產生得到。為此，藉由判定發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差為規定值以上，可以判定不依據原因之發電機輸出的不足。Furthermore, by determining that the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output is more than a predetermined value, it is possible to determine the output shortage in summer. The determined value is set based on, for example, the allowable value of the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output. In addition, the phenomenon of insufficient generator output may also occur due to factors that have nothing to do with the outside air temperature, such as the deterioration of the machine. Therefore, by determining that the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is possible to determine a deficiency in the generator output that is not based on the cause.

亦即理想上，在條件判定部22，把第1條件、第2條件、第3條件、及第4條件作為AND條件，判定滿足全部的條件。That is, ideally, the condition determination unit 22 uses the first condition, the second condition, the third condition, and the fourth condition as AND conditions, and determines that all conditions are satisfied.

訊號切換部23係根據輸入埠A1的輸入，把選擇埠B1及選擇埠B2的任意其中一方輸出到輸出埠C1。具體方面，在朝輸入埠A1輸入了條件成立的要旨的訊號的情況下，把朝選擇埠B1的輸入輸出到輸出埠C1。在另一方面，在朝輸入埠A1輸入了條件不成立的要旨的訊號的情況下，把朝選擇埠B2的輸入輸出到輸出埠C1。亦即，在條件判定部22判定了條件成立的情況下輸出ΔMW，在條件判定部22判定了條件不成立的情況下輸出訊號產生器產生的訊號(零訊號)。The signal switching unit 23 outputs either one of the selection port B1 and the selection port B2 to the output port C1 based on the input from the input port A1. Specifically, when a signal indicating that the condition is satisfied is input to the input port A1, the input to the selection port B1 is output to the output port C1. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the condition is not satisfied is input to the input port A1, the input to the selection port B2 is output to the output port C1. That is, when the condition determination unit 22 determines that the condition is established, ΔMW is output, and when the condition determination unit 22 determines that the condition is not established, the signal generated by the signal generator (zero signal) is output.

鈍化處理部24係對來自訊號切換部23的訊號進行鈍化處理。具體方面，鈍化處理部24係對發電機要求輸出MWD與實際輸出之偏差也就是ΔMW，進行抑制時間變化的變化抑制處理。變化抑制處理係具體方面，經由移動平均來進行。亦即，ΔMW被平準化。也在從訊號切換部23輸入了零訊號的情況下進行鈍化處理，但是，零訊號係時間沒有變化的緣故，所以輸入變成照原樣輸出。The passivation processing unit 24 performs passivation processing on the signal from the signal switching unit 23 . Specifically, the passivation processing unit 24 performs a change suppression process to suppress a time change in the deviation between the generator's required output MWD and the actual output, that is, ΔMW. The change suppression processing is performed via a moving average in a specific aspect. That is, ΔMW is leveled. The passivation process is also performed when a zero signal is input from the signal switching unit 23. However, since the zero signal does not change with time, the input is output as it is.

如此，在補正值設定部20，對ΔMW進行抑制時間變化的變化抑制處理，並計算後述的補正值AM1，所以，抑制所計算的補正值AM1之急遽的時間變化。亦即，補正值AM1的時間變化也變得和緩，抑制急遽的發電機輸出。In this manner, the correction value setting unit 20 performs a change suppression process for suppressing a time change in ΔMW and calculates the correction value AM1 described later. Therefore, rapid time changes in the calculated correction value AM1 are suppressed. That is, the time change of the correction value AM1 becomes gentle, and the sudden generator output is suppressed.

PI控制部25係根據從鈍化處理部24輸出的訊號(亦即ΔMW)來進行PI控制，並輸出控制值。在PI控制部25，設定下限值與上限值。例如，下限值為0，上限值為a(＞0)。如此，控制值限制在上下限範圍內，可以限制輸出值的範圍。The PI control unit 25 performs PI control based on the signal (that is, ΔMW) output from the passivation processing unit 24 and outputs a control value. In the PI control unit 25, the lower limit value and the upper limit value are set. For example, the lower limit value is 0 and the upper limit value is a (>0). In this way, the control value is limited to the upper and lower limits, and the range of the output value can be limited.

變化率限制部26係對從PI控制部25輸出的控制訊號進行抑制時間變化的處理。藉此，就有關控制訊號，抑制了急遽的時間變化。The change rate limiting unit 26 performs processing to suppress temporal changes in the control signal output from the PI control unit 25 . In this way, rapid time changes in the relevant control signals are suppressed.

保持部27係在從變化率限制部26輸出的訊號到達了實際MW目標值的情況下，維持其值。所謂的實際MW目標值，就是廠房的額定輸出。亦即，實際MW目標值為輸出的補正值AM1的最大值。The holding unit 27 maintains the value of the signal output from the change rate limiting unit 26 when it reaches the actual MW target value. The so-called actual MW target value is the rated output of the plant. That is, the actual MW target value is the maximum value of the output correction value AM1.

訊號切換部28係根據輸入埠D1的輸入，把選擇埠E1及選擇埠E2的任意其中一方輸出到輸出埠F1。具體方面，在朝輸入埠D1輸入了條件成立的要旨的訊號的情況下，把朝選擇埠E1的輸入輸出到輸出埠F1。在另一方面，在朝輸入埠D1輸入了條件不成立的要旨的訊號的情況下，把朝選擇埠E2的輸入輸出到輸出埠F1。亦即，在條件判定部22判定了條件成立的情況下輸出從保持部27輸入的訊號，在條件判定部22判定了條件不成立的情況下輸出訊號產生器已產生的訊號(零訊號)。The signal switching unit 28 outputs either one of the selection port E1 and the selection port E2 to the output port F1 based on the input of the input port D1. Specifically, when a signal indicating that the condition is satisfied is input to the input port D1, the input to the selection port E1 is output to the output port F1. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the condition is not satisfied is input to the input port D1, the input to the selection port E2 is output to the output port F1. That is, when the condition determination unit 22 determines that the condition is established, the signal input from the holding unit 27 is output, and when the condition determination unit 22 determines that the condition is not established, the signal (zero signal) generated by the signal generator is output.

如此，根據ΔMW來計算補正值AM1。補正值AM1係基於ΔMW，當ΔMW越大，亦即，相對於發電機要求輸出MWD而實際輸出越小，則值越大。計算出的補正值AM1輸出到主蒸汽壓力設定部30。尚且，作為條件不成立，在從訊號切換部28輸出零訊號的情況下，補正值AM1為零的緣故，不會影響到後段。In this way, the correction value AM1 is calculated based on ΔMW. The correction value AM1 is based on ΔMW. The larger the ΔMW is, that is, the smaller the actual output is compared to the generator required output MWD, the larger the value is. The calculated correction value AM1 is output to the main steam pressure setting unit 30 . Furthermore, when the condition is not satisfied and a zero signal is output from the signal switching unit 28, the correction value AM1 is zero, so it will not affect the subsequent stage.

主蒸汽壓力設定部30根據發電機要求輸出MWD與補正值AM1，來設定主蒸汽壓力指令CM2。為此，主蒸汽壓力設定部30具備：函數部31、以及加法運算部32。The main steam pressure setting unit 30 sets the main steam pressure command CM2 based on the generator request output MWD and the correction value AM1. For this purpose, the main steam pressure setting unit 30 includes a function unit 31 and an adding unit 32 .

函數部31係把發電機要求輸出MWD，朝主蒸汽壓力指令(補正前)CM1做變換。亦即，函數部31根據基於發電系統1的規範而被預先設定好的發電機要求輸出MWD與主蒸汽壓力指令CM1之關係來進行變換。The function unit 31 converts the generator required output MWD to the main steam pressure command (before correction) CM1. That is, the function unit 31 performs conversion based on the relationship between the generator required output MWD and the main steam pressure command CM1 that is preset based on the specifications of the power generation system 1 .

加法運算部32係對從函數部31輸出的主蒸汽壓力指令CM1，加上在補正值設定部20設定好的補正值AM1，藉此，來補正主蒸汽壓力指令CM1，輸出主蒸汽壓力指令(補正後)CM2。藉由如此，朝主蒸汽壓力指令增加的方向進行補正。The adder unit 32 adds the correction value AM1 set in the correction value setting unit 20 to the main steam pressure command CM1 output from the function unit 31, thereby correcting the main steam pressure command CM1 and outputs the main steam pressure command ( After correction) CM2. In this way, correction is performed in the direction in which the main steam pressure command increases.

如此，於主蒸汽壓力設定部30，產生主蒸汽壓力指令CM2。產生出的主蒸汽壓力指令CM2被輸出到鍋爐控制部40。In this way, the main steam pressure setting unit 30 generates the main steam pressure command CM2. The generated main steam pressure command CM2 is output to the boiler control unit 40 .

鍋爐控制部40產生用於控制鍋爐10的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令BID(Boiler Input Demand)。如後述般，在鍋爐控制部40，使用反映了補正值AM1的主蒸汽壓力指令CM2的緣故，根據補正值AM1來進行使發電機要求輸出MWD增加的處理。具體方面，鍋爐控制部40根據主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力之偏差，使發電機要求輸出MWD增加，產生鍋爐輸入指令BID。The boiler control unit 40 generates a boiler input demand (BID) which is a command for controlling the boiler 10 . As will be described later, the boiler control unit 40 performs a process of increasing the generator required output MWD based on the correction value AM1 by using the main steam pressure command CM2 that reflects the correction value AM1. Specifically, the boiler control unit 40 increases the generator required output MWD according to the deviation between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure, and generates the boiler input command BID.

為此，鍋爐控制部40具備：減法運算部41、PI控制部42、加法運算部43、以及函數部44。For this purpose, the boiler control unit 40 includes a subtraction unit 41, a PI control unit 42, an addition unit 43, and a function unit 44.

減法運算部41係計算主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力(實際值)之偏差(差值)，並輸出到PI控制部42。偏差係成為從主蒸汽壓力指令CM2減去了主蒸汽壓力之值。The subtraction unit 41 calculates the deviation (difference) between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure (actual value), and outputs it to the PI control unit 42 . The deviation is a value obtained by subtracting the main steam pressure from the main steam pressure command CM2.

PI控制部42係根據從減法運算部41輸出的訊號(亦即，主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力之偏差)來進行PI控制，並輸出控制值。該控制值係根據從補正值設定部20輸出的補正值AM1，成為對發電機要求輸出MWD之補正值AM2。The PI control unit 42 performs PI control based on the signal output from the subtraction unit 41 (that is, the deviation between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure) and outputs a control value. This control value becomes the correction value AM2 required for the generator output MWD based on the correction value AM1 output from the correction value setting unit 20 .

對發電機要求輸出MWD之補正值AM2係根據主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力之偏差，成為相對於主蒸汽壓力指令CM2，主蒸汽壓力越小而越大的值。換言之，主蒸汽壓力指令CM2係根據在補正值設定部20產生的補正值AM1來計算的緣故，所以對發電機要求輸出MWD之補正值AM2係ΔMW越大，亦即，相對於發電機要求輸出MWD，實際輸出越小則值越大。The correction value AM2 for the generator required output MWD is based on the deviation between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure, and becomes a value that becomes larger as the main steam pressure decreases relative to the main steam pressure command CM2. In other words, the main steam pressure command CM2 is calculated based on the correction value AM1 generated in the correction value setting unit 20. Therefore, the correction value AM2 for the generator required output MWD is larger as ΔMW, that is, the larger the generator required output MWD is, that is, the larger the generator required output MWD is. MWD, the smaller the actual output, the larger the value.

加法運算部43係對從PI控制部42輸出的控制值(對發電機要求輸出MWD之補正值AM2)加上發電機要求輸出MWD，藉此，來補正發電機要求輸出MWD。對發電機要求輸出MWD加上補正值AM2的緣故，所以發電機要求輸出MWD朝增加的方向補正。The adder unit 43 adds the generator required output MWD to the control value output from the PI control unit 42 (correction value AM2 for the generator required output MWD), thereby correcting the generator required output MWD. The generator's required output MWD is added to the correction value AM2, so the generator's required output MWD is corrected in the increasing direction.

函數部44係把從加法運算部43輸出之補正後的發電機要求輸出MWD變換成鍋爐輸入指令BID並輸出。鍋爐輸入指令BID係用於做成例如燃燒爐2中的燃料流量指令、或是水冷壁2'中的供水流量指令。在圖3表示用在支付輸送機的控制之情況。鍋爐輸入指令BID若增加，則燃燒爐2中的燃料流量指令、或是朝水冷壁2'的供水流量指令也增加，結果，主蒸汽壓力上升。亦即，發電機輸出增加。The function unit 44 converts the corrected generator required output MWD output from the adding unit 43 into a boiler input command BID and outputs it. The boiler input command BID is used to generate, for example, a fuel flow command in the combustion furnace 2 or a water supply flow command in the water wall 2'. Figure 3 shows a situation used in the control of a payment conveyor. When the boiler input command BID increases, the fuel flow rate command in the combustion furnace 2 or the water supply flow rate command to the water wall 2' also increases. As a result, the main steam pressure increases. That is, the generator output increases.

有關鍋爐輸入指令BID，係只要是可以使主蒸汽壓力上升來增加發電機輸出之參數的話即可，並不限定在上述的燃燒爐2中的燃料流量指令等。The boiler input command BID is not limited to the above-mentioned fuel flow command in the combustion furnace 2 as long as it is a parameter that can increase the main steam pressure to increase the generator output.

調節控制部50進行蒸汽調整閥(調節器)6的開啟度控制。具體方面，在減法運算部51計算發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差，於PI控制部52把該差值變換成控制訊號。藉由該控制訊號來進行蒸汽調整閥6的開啟度控制，藉此，進行調節器的開啟度調整控制，使得以讓發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差為零。The regulation control unit 50 controls the opening degree of the steam regulating valve (regulator) 6 . Specifically, the subtraction unit 51 calculates the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output, and the PI control unit 52 converts the difference into a control signal. The control signal is used to control the opening degree of the steam regulating valve 6, thereby controlling the opening degree of the regulator so that the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output is zero.

接著，參閱圖4說明有關上述的系統控制裝置15所致之處理的其中一例。圖4為表示有關本實施方式的鍋爐輸入指令輸出處理的步驟的其中一例之流程圖。圖4表示的流程係例如，以規定的控制週期反覆執行。在圖4的流程中，就使用第1條件、第2條件、第3條件、及第4條件之全部的條件的情況進行說明，但是，在條件數不同的情況也做同樣的處理。Next, one example of the processing performed by the system control device 15 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the steps of the boiler input command output processing according to the present embodiment. The flow shown in FIG. 4 is executed repeatedly in a predetermined control cycle, for example. In the flow of FIG. 4 , the case where all of the first condition, the second condition, the third condition, and the fourth condition are used is explained. However, the same process is also performed when the number of conditions is different.

首先，判定是否滿足第1條件(S101)。在不滿足第1條件的情況(S101的"否"判定)下，前進到S106。First, it is determined whether the first condition is satisfied (S101). If the first condition is not satisfied ("No" determination in S101), the process proceeds to S106.

在滿足第1條件的情況(S101的"是"判定)下，判定是否滿足第2條件(S102)。在不滿足第2條件的情況(S102的"否"判定)下，前進到S106。When the first condition is satisfied (YES determination in S101), it is determined whether the second condition is satisfied (S102). If the second condition is not satisfied ("No" determination in S102), the process proceeds to S106.

在滿足第2條件的情況(S102的"是"判定)下，判定是否滿足第3條件(S103)。在不滿足第3條件的情況(S103的"否"判定)下，前進到S106。When the second condition is satisfied (YES determination in S102), it is determined whether the third condition is satisfied (S103). If the third condition is not satisfied ("No" determination in S103), the process proceeds to S106.

在滿足第3條件的情況(S103的"是"判定)下，判定是否滿足第4條件(S104)。在不滿足第4條件的情況(S104的"否"判定)下，前進到S106。When the third condition is satisfied (YES determination in S103), it is determined whether the fourth condition is satisfied (S104). If the fourth condition is not satisfied ("No" determination in S104), the process proceeds to S106.

在滿足第4條件的情況(S104的"是"判定)下，根據發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出之偏差來計算補正值AM1(S105)。When the fourth condition is satisfied (YES determination in S104), the correction value AM1 is calculated based on the deviation between the generator required output MWD and the generator output (S105).

在另一方面，在不滿足第1條件、第2條件、第3條件、及第4條件中至少任意1個的情況下，補正值AM1為零(S106)。On the other hand, when at least any one of the first condition, the second condition, the third condition, and the fourth condition is not satisfied, the correction value AM1 is zero (S106).

接著，根據發電機要求輸出MWD與補正值AM1，來設定主蒸汽壓力指令CM2(S107)。在補正值AM1為零的情況下，僅根據發電機要求輸出MWD來設定主蒸汽壓力指令CM2。Next, the main steam pressure command CM2 is set based on the generator required output MWD and the correction value AM1 (S107). When the correction value AM1 is zero, the main steam pressure command CM2 is set based only on the generator request output MWD.

接著，根據主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力之偏差，來計算對發電機要求輸出MWD之補正值AM2 (S108)。Next, the correction value AM2 for the generator required output MWD is calculated based on the deviation between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure (S108).

接著，利用補正值AM2來補正發電機要求輸出MWD後，輸出鍋爐輸入指令BID(S109)。Next, after correcting the generator required output MWD using the correction value AM2, the boiler input command BID is output (S109).

如此，特別是負載狀態為接近額定負載的狀態，沒有負載變動的情況(蒸汽調整閥6的開啟度為全開)下，在發電機輸出不足的情況下藉由補正值來讓鍋爐輸入指令BID朝增加的方向做補正的緣故，可以使輸出增加來得以補上輸出不足份。In this way, especially when the load state is close to the rated load and there is no load fluctuation (the opening degree of the steam regulating valve 6 is fully open), when the generator output is insufficient, the correction value is used to make the boiler input command BID move toward Because of the correction in the increasing direction, the output can be increased to make up for the insufficient output.

接著，參閱圖5說明有關上述的系統控制裝置15所致之處理的效果。圖5係縱軸(左軸)為主蒸汽壓力，縱軸(右軸)為蒸汽調整閥開啟度，橫軸為主蒸氣流量，分別表示出A模式與B模式。A模式係蒸汽調整閥6為全開而恆定。B模式係蒸汽調整閥6為可變。Next, the effect of the processing performed by the above-mentioned system control device 15 will be described with reference to FIG. 5 . Figure 5 shows the main steam pressure on the vertical axis (left axis), the opening degree of the steam adjustment valve on the vertical axis (right axis), and the main steam flow rate on the horizontal axis, indicating A mode and B mode respectively. In mode A, the steam regulating valve 6 is fully open and constant. In B mode, the steam regulating valve 6 is variable.

在發電機要求輸出MWD變高，到達了M的點之情況下，蒸汽調整閥6為全開的緣故，所以使發電機輸出增加這一點是有困難。為此，在M的點以上的領域，作為變壓運轉領域，如本實施方式般，進行計算補正值來使鍋爐輸入指令BID增加之補正。如此，可以使主蒸汽壓力增加，可以增加發電機輸出。在該變壓運轉領域，渦輪機為發電機輸出控制(蒸汽調整閥6的開啟度為恆定)，鍋爐10成為主蒸汽壓力控制(經由ΔMW來補正)。When the generator required output MWD becomes high and reaches the point M, it is difficult to increase the generator output because the steam regulating valve 6 is fully open. Therefore, in the area above the point M, which is the variable pressure operation area, a correction value is calculated to increase the boiler input command BID as in this embodiment. In this way, the main steam pressure can be increased and the generator output can be increased. In this variable pressure operation range, the turbine is under generator output control (the opening degree of the steam regulating valve 6 is constant), and the boiler 10 is under main steam pressure control (corrected via ΔMW).

如此，補正成根據ΔMW來增加鍋爐輸入指令BID，可以使發電機輸出增加。In this way, the generator output can be increased by correcting it to increase the boiler input command BID according to ΔMW.

如以上說明，藉由有關本實施方式的發電系統、及其控制方法以及程式，在使用鍋爐10或蒸汽渦輪機3來進行發電的發電系統1中，在負載狀態為閾值以上之高負載狀態、及負載變化幅度在規定範圍內之沒有負載變化(較少的)狀態的情況下根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出來計算補正值。接著，經由補正值使發電機要求輸出MWD增加，來產生鍋爐輸入指令BID。為此，在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍內的狀態下，可以使鍋爐輸入指令BID增大。經此，可以使發電機輸出增加。As described above, in the power generation system 1 that uses the boiler 10 or the steam turbine 3 to generate electricity, by using the power generation system, its control method, and the program according to this embodiment, in the high load state where the load state is above the threshold value, and When the load change amplitude is within the specified range and there is no (less) load change, the correction value is calculated based on the generator required output and the generator output. Next, the generator required output MWD is increased via the correction value to generate the boiler input command BID. For this reason, when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, the boiler input command BID can be increased. Through this, the generator output can be increased.

特別是，考慮到在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍內的狀態下，通常發電機輸出的增加為非必要，但是，即便是在因為任何的原因(例如環境變化或機器劣化等)而在發電機輸出產生了不足的情況下，也可以涵蓋不足份。In particular, considering that when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, an increase in the generator output is usually unnecessary. However, even if it is due to any reason (such as environmental changes or machine deterioration, etc.) ) and in the event of a shortage in generator output, the shortage can also be covered.

而且，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出來做出補正值，藉此，可以減低發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的差。根據經由發電機要求輸出MWD和補正值所設定出的主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力之偏差來產生鍋爐輸入指令BID，藉此，來產生鍋爐輸入指令BID，使得以一邊考慮補正值且一邊抑制主蒸汽壓力指令CM2與主蒸汽壓力的差。Furthermore, by making a correction value based on the generator required output and the generator output, the difference between the generator required output and the generator output can be reduced. The boiler input command BID is generated based on the deviation between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure set through the generator required output MWD and the correction value, thereby generating the boiler input command BID so that the correction value is taken into account while The difference between the main steam pressure command CM2 and the main steam pressure is suppressed.

在外部氣體溫度為規定值以上的情況，或是發電機要求輸出MWD與發電機輸出的偏差為規定值以上的情況下，可以使輸出增加。例如，在夏季的外部氣體溫度高的情況下，因為凝結器9的真空壓下降等而輸出容易不足。為此，藉由補正值使輸出增加來涵蓋不足份。When the outside air temperature is above a specified value, or when the deviation between the generator's required output MWD and the generator output is above a specified value, the output can be increased. For example, when the outside air temperature is high in summer, the output is likely to be insufficient due to a drop in the vacuum pressure of the condenser 9 or the like. For this reason, the output is increased by a correction value to cover the deficiency.

本揭示並不僅限定在上述的實施方式，在不逸脫發明的要旨的範圍下，可以實施種種變形。The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

例如，在上述實施方式中，在輸入了負載上升的要求的情況下，使朝燃燒爐2的燃料投入量與朝水冷壁2'的供水量增加，但是，比起燃燒爐2中的燃料的響應性，供水的響應性這一方更快。從而，同時增加燃料流量指令與供水流量指令的話，首先，供給到水冷壁2'的水的量增加，之後，燃燒爐2內的溫度也開始徐徐上升。為此，因為供給到水冷壁2'的供水量，是有水冷壁2'的出口過熱度下降之虞。為了迴避這樣的事態，是可以把供水量的一部分供給到旁通過水冷壁2'而設置在一次過熱器4a的蒸汽出口側的降溫器16，作為噴霧進行噴霧。該情況下，於降溫器16，噴霧量增加。 如此，使供給到水冷壁2'的水的一部分旁通到降溫器16，藉此，可以防止上述般的水冷壁2'的出口過熱度的下降。 尚且，在二次過熱器4b的蒸汽出口側更設有降溫器16的情況下，也可以使各降溫器16的噴霧量增加。 For example, in the above embodiment, when a load increase request is input, the amount of fuel input to the combustion furnace 2 and the amount of water supply to the water wall 2' are increased. However, compared with the amount of fuel in the combustion furnace 2, Responsiveness, the responsiveness of water supply is faster on this side. Therefore, if the fuel flow rate command and the water supply flow rate command are increased at the same time, first, the amount of water supplied to the water wall 2' increases, and then the temperature in the combustion furnace 2 also starts to gradually rise. For this reason, the superheat degree at the outlet of the water-cooled wall 2' may decrease due to the amount of water supplied to the water-cooled wall 2'. In order to avoid such a situation, part of the water supply can be supplied to the desuperheater 16 provided on the steam outlet side of the primary superheater 4a bypassing the water wall 2', and sprayed as a spray. In this case, in the cooler 16, the spray amount increases. In this way, part of the water supplied to the water wall 2' is bypassed to the desuperheater 16, thereby preventing the above-mentioned decrease in the superheat degree at the outlet of the water wall 2'. Furthermore, when a desuperheater 16 is further provided on the steam outlet side of the secondary superheater 4b, the spray amount of each desuperheater 16 can also be increased.

以上說明的各實施方式所記載的發電系統、及其控制方法以及程式係掌握如下。 有關本揭示的發電系統(1)具備：鍋爐(10)、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機(3)、經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機、以及控制前述鍋爐之系統控制裝置(15)；前述系統控制裝置具備：補正值設定部(20)，其係在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出(MWD)與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值；以及鍋爐控制部(40)，其係根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令(BID)。 The power generation system described in each embodiment described above, its control method and program are as follows. A power generation system (1) according to the present disclosure includes a boiler (10), a steam turbine (3) that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, a generator that generates electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine, and a generator that controls the boiler. System control device (15); the aforementioned system control device is provided with: a correction value setting part (20), which, when the load state is above the threshold value and the load variation range is within a prescribed range, sets the output (MWD) according to the generator request. ) and the generator output to calculate a correction value; and a boiler control unit (40), which increases the required output of the generator based on the correction value and generates an instruction for controlling the boiler, that is, a boiler input instruction (BID) ).

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，在使用鍋爐或蒸汽渦輪機來進行發電的發電系統中，在負載狀態為閾值以上之高負載狀態、及負載變化幅度在規定範圍內之沒有負載變化(較少的)狀態的情況下根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出來計算補正值。接著，經由補正值使發電機要求輸出增加來產生鍋爐輸入指令。為此，在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍內的狀態下，可以使鍋爐輸入指令增大。經此，可以使發電機輸出增加。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, in a power generation system that uses a boiler or a steam turbine to generate electricity, there is no load change (less) when the load state is a high load state above a threshold and the load change amplitude is within a prescribed range. In this case, the correction value is calculated based on the generator required output and the generator output. Next, the generator required output is increased via the correction value to generate a boiler input command. For this reason, when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, the boiler input command can be increased. Through this, the generator output can be increased.

特別是，考慮到在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍內的狀態下，通常發電機輸出的增加為非必要，但是，即便是在因為任何的原因(例如環境變化或機器劣化等)而在發電機輸出產生了不足的情況下，也可以涵蓋不足份。In particular, considering that when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, an increase in the generator output is usually unnecessary. However, even if it is due to any reason (such as environmental changes or machine deterioration, etc.) ) and in the event of a shortage in generator output, the shortage can also be covered.

而且，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出來做出補正值，藉此，可以減低發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的差。Furthermore, by making a correction value based on the generator required output and the generator output, the difference between the generator required output and the generator output can be reduced.

有關本揭示的發電系統也可以是還具備：主蒸汽壓力設定部(30)，其係根據前述發電機要求輸出與前述補正值，來設定主蒸汽壓力指令；前述鍋爐控制部根據前述主蒸汽壓力指令與主蒸汽壓力的偏差，來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生前述鍋爐輸入指令。The power generation system of the present disclosure may further include: a main steam pressure setting part (30), which sets the main steam pressure command according to the generator required output and the correction value; the boiler control part sets the main steam pressure command according to the main steam pressure. The deviation between the command and the main steam pressure increases the required output of the aforementioned generator and generates the aforementioned boiler input command.

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，根據經由發電機要求輸出和補正值所設定出的主蒸汽壓力指令與主蒸汽壓力之偏差來產生鍋爐輸入指令，藉此，來產生鍋爐輸入指令，使得以一邊考慮補正值且一邊抑制主蒸汽壓力指令與主蒸汽壓力的差。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, the boiler input command is generated based on the deviation between the main steam pressure command and the main steam pressure set through the generator required output and the correction value, thereby generating the boiler input command, so that while considering The correction value suppresses the difference between the main steam pressure command and the main steam pressure.

有關本揭示的發電系統也可以是還具備：蒸汽調整閥(6)，其係設置在連接前述鍋爐與前述蒸汽渦輪機之蒸汽配管；前述補正值設定部係在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內，而且，前述蒸汽調整閥的開啟度為閾值以上的情況下，計算前述補正值。The power generation system related to the present disclosure may further include: a steam regulating valve (6), which is provided in the steam pipe connecting the aforementioned boiler and the aforementioned steam turbine; and the aforementioned correction value setting part is configured to adjust the load variation range when the load state is above a threshold value. Within the predetermined range, and when the opening degree of the steam regulating valve is equal to or higher than the threshold value, the correction value is calculated.

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，即便是在蒸汽調整閥的開啟度為閾值以上，因為蒸汽調整閥而輸出增加調整困難的情況下，也可以使鍋爐輸入指令增大而使輸出增加。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, even when the opening degree of the steam regulating valve is above the threshold and it is difficult to adjust the output due to the steam regulating valve, the boiler input command can be increased to increase the output.

有關本揭示的發電系統也可以是，前述補正值設定部在外部氣體溫度為規定值以上的情況、及前述發電機要求輸出與前述發電機輸出的偏差為規定值以上的情況之至少任意其中1方的情況下，計算前述補正值。In the power generation system according to the present disclosure, the correction value setting unit may be configured to operate at least one of a case where the outside air temperature is a predetermined value or more and a case where a deviation between the generator required output and the generator output is a predetermined value or more. In the case of square, calculate the aforementioned correction value.

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，在外部氣體溫度為規定值以上的情況，或是發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差為規定值以上的情況下，可以使輸出增加。例如，在夏季的外部氣體溫度高的情況下，因為凝結器(9)的真空壓下降等而輸出容易不足。為此，藉由補正值使輸出增加來涵蓋不足份。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, when the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, or when the deviation between the required output of the generator and the output of the generator is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the output can be increased. For example, when the outside air temperature is high in summer, the output is likely to be insufficient due to a drop in the vacuum pressure of the condenser (9). For this reason, the output is increased by a correction value to cover the deficiency.

有關本揭示的發電系統也可以是，前述補正值設定部係對前述發電機要求輸出與前述發電機輸出的偏差進行抑制時間變化的變化抑制處理，並計算前述補正值。In the power generation system according to the present disclosure, the correction value setting unit may perform a change suppression process for suppressing a time change in the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output, and calculate the correction value.

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差的時間變化被抑制的緣故，所以補正值的時間變化也變得和緩，抑制了急遽的發電機輸出。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, since the time change of the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output is suppressed, the time change of the correction value also becomes gentle, and the sudden generator output is suppressed.

有關本揭示的發電系統也可以是，前述補正值設定部係經由移動平均來進行前述變化抑制處理。In the power generation system according to the present disclosure, the correction value setting unit may perform the variation suppression process through a moving average.

根據有關本揭示的發電系統，可以經由移動平均來有效果進行時間變化抑制。According to the power generation system of the present disclosure, time variation can be effectively suppressed through the moving average.

有關本揭示的控制方法是一種發電系統的控制方法，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制方法具備：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之程序；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之程序。The control method related to the present disclosure is a control method of a power generation system including: a boiler, a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine; wherein, This control method includes: a procedure for calculating a correction value based on the deviation between the generator's required output and the generator's output when the load state is above a threshold and the load change amplitude is within a specified range; and a program that uses the aforementioned correction value to The aforementioned generator requires an increase in output and generates instructions for controlling the aforementioned boiler, which is a program of boiler input instructions.

有關本揭示的控制程式是一種發電系統的控制程式，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制程式使電腦執行以下的處理：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之處理；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之處理。The control program related to the present disclosure is a control program for a power generation system that includes a boiler, a steam turbine that rotates using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine; wherein, This control program causes the computer to perform the following processing: when the load state is above the threshold and the load change range is within the specified range, the correction value is calculated based on the deviation between the generator's required output and the generator's output; and based on The aforementioned correction value is used to increase the required output of the aforementioned generator and generate instructions for controlling the aforementioned boiler, which is the process of boiler input instructions.

1:發電系統 2:燃燒爐 2':水冷壁 3:蒸汽渦輪機 4a:一次過熱器 4b:二次過熱器 5:發電機 6:蒸汽調整閥 8:供水泵 9:冷凝器 10:鍋爐 11:壓力感測器 15:系統控制裝置 16:降溫器 20:補正值設定部 21:減法運算部 22:條件判定部 23:訊號切換部 24:鈍化處理部 25:PI控制部 26:變化率限制部 27:保持部 28:訊號切換部 30:主蒸汽壓力設定部 31:函數部 32:加法運算部 40:鍋爐控制部 41:減法運算部 42:PI控制部 43:加法運算部 44:函數部 50:調節控制部 51:減法運算部 52:PI控制部 110:CPU 120:ROM 130:RAM 140:硬碟裝置 150:通訊部 180:匯流排 A1:輸入埠 AM1:補正值 AM2:補正值 B1:選擇埠 B2:選擇埠 BID:鍋爐輸入指令 C1:輸出埠 CM1:主蒸汽壓力指令 CM2:主蒸汽壓力指令 D1:輸入埠 E1:選擇埠 E2:選擇埠 F1:輸出埠 L1:蒸汽配管 L2:配管 MWD:發電機要求輸出 1: Power generation system 2: Combustion furnace 2':Water wall 3: Steam turbine 4a: Primary superheater 4b: Secondary superheater 5:Generator 6:Steam adjustment valve 8:Water supply pump 9:Condenser 10: Boiler 11: Pressure sensor 15: System control device 16: Cooler 20: Correction value setting part 21:Subtraction operation part 22:Condition judgment department 23: Signal switching part 24: Passivation treatment department 25:PI Control Department 26:Change rate limit part 27:Maintenance Department 28: Signal switching part 30: Main steam pressure setting part 31: Function Department 32: Addition operation part 40: Boiler control department 41:Subtraction operation part 42:PI Control Department 43: Addition operation part 44: Function Department 50: Adjustment control department 51:Subtraction operation part 52:PI Control Department 110:CPU 120:ROM 130:RAM 140:Hard disk device 150:Communication Department 180:Bus A1:Input port AM1: Correction value AM2: Correction value B1: Select port B2: Select port BID: boiler input command C1: Output port CM1: Main steam pressure command CM2: Main steam pressure command D1: input port E1: Select port E2: Select port F1: Output port L1: Steam piping L2:Piping MWD: generator required output

[圖1]為概略表示有關本揭示的一實施方式之發電系統的整體構成之方塊圖。 [圖2]為表示有關本揭示的一實施方式之系統控制裝置的硬體構成的其中一例之圖。 [圖3]為表示有關本揭示的一實施方式之系統控制裝置的概略構成之圖。 [圖4]為表示有關本揭示的一實施方式之系統控制裝置所致之處理的其中一例之流程圖。 [圖5]為用於說明有關本揭示的一實施方式之系統控制裝置所致之處理的效果之圖。 [Fig. 1] is a block diagram schematically showing the overall structure of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a system control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Fig. 3] is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of a system control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing performed by the system control device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the effect of processing by the system control device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

15:系統控制裝置 15: System control device

20:補正值設定部 20: Correction value setting part

21:減法運算部 21:Subtraction operation part

22:條件判定部 22:Condition judgment department

23:訊號切換部 23: Signal switching part

24:鈍化處理部 24: Passivation treatment department

25:PI控制部 25:PI Control Department

26:變化率限制部 26:Change rate limit part

27:保持部 27:Maintenance Department

28:訊號切換部 28: Signal switching part

30:主蒸汽壓力設定部 30: Main steam pressure setting part

31:函數部 31: Function Department

32:加法運算部 32: Addition operation part

40:鍋爐控制部 40: Boiler control department

41:減法運算部 41:Subtraction operation part

42:PI控制部 42:PI Control Department

43:加法運算部 43: Addition operation part

44:函數部 44: Function Department

50:調節控制部 50: Adjustment control department

51:減法運算部 51:Subtraction operation part

52:PI控制部 52:PI Control Department

A1:輸入埠 A1:Input port

AM1:補正值 AM1: Correction value

AM2:補正值 AM2: Correction value

B1:選擇埠 B1: Select port

B2:選擇埠 B2: Select port

BID:鍋爐輸入指令 BID: boiler input command

C1:輸出埠 C1: Output port

CM1:主蒸汽壓力指令 CM1: Main steam pressure command

CM2:主蒸汽壓力指令 CM2: Main steam pressure command

D1:輸入埠 D1: input port

E1,E2:選擇埠 E1,E2: Select port

F1:輸出埠 F1: Output port

MWD:發電機要求輸出 MWD: generator required output

△MW:偏差 △MW: deviation

Claims (8)

一種發電系統，具備：鍋爐；使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機；經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；以及控制前述鍋爐之系統控制裝置；其中，前述系統控制裝置具備：補正值設定部，其係在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值；以及鍋爐控制部，其係根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令。 A power generation system including: a boiler; a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler; a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine; and a system control device that controls the boiler; wherein the system control device includes : The correction value setting part, which calculates the correction value based on the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output when the load state is above the threshold and the load variation range is within the specified range; and the boiler control part, which The required output of the generator is increased based on the correction value, and a command for controlling the boiler, that is, a boiler input command is generated. 如請求項1的發電系統，其中，該發電系統具備：主蒸汽壓力設定部，其係根據前述發電機要求輸出與前述補正值，來設定主蒸汽壓力指令；前述鍋爐控制部根據前述主蒸汽壓力指令與主蒸汽壓力的偏差，來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生前述鍋爐輸入指令。 The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the power generation system is provided with: a main steam pressure setting unit that sets the main steam pressure command based on the generator required output and the aforementioned correction value; the aforementioned boiler control unit sets the main steam pressure command based on the aforementioned main steam pressure The deviation between the command and the main steam pressure increases the required output of the aforementioned generator and generates the aforementioned boiler input command. 如請求項1或是2的發電系統，其中，該發電系統具備：蒸汽調整閥，其係設置在連接前述鍋爐與前述蒸汽渦輪機之蒸汽配管； 前述補正值設定部係在負載狀態為閾值以上，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內，而且，前述蒸汽調整閥的開啟度為閾值以上的情況下，計算前述的補正值。 The power generation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generation system is provided with: a steam regulating valve, which is provided in the steam piping connecting the aforementioned boiler and the aforementioned steam turbine; The correction value setting unit calculates the correction value when the load state is above a threshold value, the load change range is within a predetermined range, and the opening degree of the steam regulating valve is above the threshold value. 如請求項1或是2的發電系統，其中，前述補正值設定部在外部氣體溫度為規定值以上的情況、及前述發電機要求輸出與前述發電機輸出的偏差為規定值以上的情況之至少任意其中1方的情況下，計算前述補正值。 The power generation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the correction value setting unit is configured to operate at least one of a situation where the outside air temperature is a predetermined value or more, and a deviation between the generator required output and the generator output is a predetermined value or more. In the case of any one of them, the aforementioned correction value is calculated. 如請求項1或是2的發電系統，其中，前述補正值設定部係對前述發電機要求輸出與前述發電機輸出的偏差進行抑制時間變化的變化抑制處理，並計算前述補正值。 The power generation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the correction value setting unit performs a change suppression process to suppress a time change in the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output, and calculates the correction value. 如請求項5的發電系統，其中，前述補正值設定部係經由移動平均來進行前述變化抑制處理。 The power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the correction value setting unit performs the variation suppression process through a moving average. 一種發電系統的控制方法，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制方法具有：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之程序；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之程序。 A control method for a power generation system provided with: a boiler, a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine; wherein the control method includes: When the status is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, a procedure is used to calculate a correction value based on the deviation between the generator's required output and the generator's output; and to increase the aforementioned generator's required output based on the aforementioned correction value, Generating instructions for controlling the aforementioned boiler is also a program for boiler input instructions. 一種發電系統的控制程式，該發電系統具備：鍋爐、使用在前述鍋爐產生出的蒸汽而旋轉之蒸汽渦輪機、以及經由前述蒸汽渦輪機的旋轉而發電之發電機；其中，該控制程式用於使電腦執行以下處理：在負載狀態為閾值以上，而且，負載變化幅度在規定範圍以內的情況下，根據發電機要求輸出與發電機輸出的偏差來計算補正值之處理；以及根據前述補正值來使前述發電機要求輸出增加，產生用於控制前述鍋爐的指令也就是鍋爐輸入指令之處理。 A control program for a power generation system that includes a boiler, a steam turbine that is rotated using steam generated by the boiler, and a generator that generates electricity through the rotation of the steam turbine; wherein the control program is used to cause a computer to Execute the following processing: when the load state is above the threshold and the load change amplitude is within the specified range, the correction value is calculated based on the deviation between the generator required output and the generator output; and the aforementioned correction value is used to make the aforementioned The generator requires an increase in output and generates an instruction for controlling the aforementioned boiler, which is the processing of the boiler input instruction.
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