TWI812541B - Refractive error optometry for language barriers - Google Patents
Refractive error optometry for language barriers Download PDFInfo
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- 208000014733 refractive error Diseases 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 208000006992 Color Vision Defects Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 201000007254 color blindness Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000001491 myopia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004379 myopia Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004456 color vision Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000000757 red-green color blindness Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 201000000763 red color blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000029257 vision disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本發明依序包括準備步驟、播放視標步驟、以手指指向進行驗光步驟及手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟。藉前述步驟，控制一視標顯示單元顯示內建之視標資料，視標資料具有至少一視標缺口；以供一語言障礙者之雙眼其中至少一者觀看，並以手指指向，表達觀看視標缺口之方向，以進行驗光作業。並設一影像擷取單元擷取手指指向之手勢影像，且設一控制單元擷取手勢影像，並配合複數筆手勢資料及所顯示之視標資料進行判別；當自動判別手勢影像符合相對應之手勢資料，同時符合前述所顯示之視標資料時，代表語言障礙者手指指向之視標缺口之方向正確，反之若有一者不符均代表不正確，進而完成驗光作業。本案兼具便於語言障礙者以手勢表達視力相當人性、應用範圍廣及色盲亦可檢驗相當特別。 The invention sequentially includes a preparation step, a step of playing the optotype, a step of performing an optometry with finger pointing, and a step of automatically identifying the optotype through gesture recognition. Through the aforementioned steps, an optotype display unit is controlled to display the built-in optotype data. The optotype data has at least one optotype gap for viewing by at least one of the eyes of a speech-impaired person, and pointing with a finger to express viewing. Check the direction of the target notch to perform the optometry operation. An image capture unit is also provided to capture the gesture image of the finger pointing, and a control unit is provided to capture the gesture image, and make a judgment based on the plurality of gesture data and the displayed optotype data; when the gesture image is automatically judged to match the corresponding When the gesture data matches the visual target data displayed above, it means that the direction of the visual target gap pointed by the finger of the speech-impaired person is correct. On the contrary, if any one of them does not match, it means it is incorrect, and the optometry operation is completed. This case is very unique in that it is convenient for language-impaired people to express their vision with gestures, is very humane, has a wide range of applications, and can also be used to test color blindness.
Description
本發明係有關一種語言障礙者之屈光不正驗光方法，尤指一種兼具便於語言障礙者以手勢表達視力相當人性、應用範圍廣，及色盲亦可檢驗相當特別之語言障礙者之屈光不正驗光方法。 The present invention relates to a refractive error refraction method for speech-impaired people. In particular, it refers to a method that is convenient for language-impaired people to express their vision with gestures, is quite humane, has a wide range of applications, and can also test the refractive errors of language-impaired people who are very special in color blindness. Optometry methods.
現今各式3C產品充斥，各年齡層之人士可能因大量使用各式3C產品，以致視力需要常檢查。 Nowadays, there are many kinds of 3C products. People of all ages may need to check their eyesight frequently due to the extensive use of various 3C products.
而視力檢查可能須要被測者辨識並口述其驗光過程看到的視標，部分的檢查過程可能是辨識視標後，口述一連串的數字、英文字母(E或C)的缺口，並可能進一步判別紅、綠兩線段之亮度。 The vision test may require the subject to identify and verbally describe the visual symbols seen during the optometry process. Part of the examination process may include identifying the visual symbols, then dictating a series of numbers, English letters (E or C), and further judgment. The brightness of the red and green line segments.
然而，前述口述表達對語言障礙者而言，就無法進行，以致必須透過翻譯或是手寫轉述，進而造成驗光不便或是因轉述而失去驗光準確性的問題。 However, the above-mentioned oral expression is impossible for people with language impairment, so they must be translated or transcribed by handwriting, which will cause inconvenience in optometry or the loss of optometry accuracy due to paraphrase.
另外，以石原盤檢測色盲為業界所知悉，檢索維基百科亦可知，石原盤至少具有下列5種類型： In addition, the Ishihara disk is well-known in the industry for detecting color blindness. Searching Wikipedia also shows that there are at least the following 5 types of Ishihara disks:
第1類盤(基本型)：無論是否有色覺障礙，驗光時均應看見相同的數字或線條，用以確認受測者沒有其他視覺障礙。 Type 1 disk (basic type): Regardless of whether there is color vision impairment, the same numbers or lines should be seen during the optometry test to confirm that the subject does not have other visual impairments.
第2類盤(變化型)：正常色覺者與紅綠色盲者所看見的數字或線條不同。 Type 2 disk (variant type): People with normal color vision see different numbers or lines than people with red-green color blindness.
第3類盤(消失型)：正常色覺者能看見之數字或線條，紅綠色盲者看不見。 Type 3 disk (disappearing type): People with normal color vision can see numbers or lines, but people with red-green color blindness cannot.
第4類盤(隱蔽型)：正常色覺者看不見數字或線條，紅綠色盲者能看見。 Type 4 disk (hidden type): People with normal color vision cannot see numbers or lines, but people with red-green color blindness can see them.
第5類盤(分類型)：紅色色盲者與綠色色盲者看見之數字或線條不同，用以檢測色盲類型。 Type 5 disk (type): People with red color blindness and green color blindness see different numbers or lines, used to detect the type of color blindness.
當然，專業的色盲判定，仍須由專業的眼科醫師或驗光師來進行，但初步的色盲檢測，若遇到口述表達障礙者，也會遭遇一些困難。 Of course, professional color blindness determination must still be carried out by a professional ophthalmologist or optometrist, but preliminary color blindness testing will also encounter some difficulties if you encounter oral expression disorders.
有鑑於此，必須研發出可解決上述習用缺點之技術。 In view of this, it is necessary to develop technology that can solve the above conventional shortcomings.
本發明之目的，在於提供一種語言障礙者之屈光不正驗光方法，其兼具便於語言障礙者以手勢表達視力相當人性、應用範圍廣及色盲亦可檢驗相當特別等優點。特別是，本發明所欲解決之問題係在於對語言障礙者(無論是否有無色盲)而言，無法親自口述表達驗光過程，而必須透過翻譯或是手寫轉述，進而造成驗光不便或是因轉述而失去驗光準確性的問題。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refractive error refraction method for speech-impaired people, which has the advantages of being convenient for language-impaired people to express their vision with gestures, being very humane, having a wide range of applications, and being able to test color blindness, etc. In particular, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is that for people with language impairment (whether they have color blindness or not), they cannot express the optometry process orally in person, but must translate or handwrite it, which will cause inconvenience in optometry or loss of time due to the retelling. The problem of loss of optometry accuracy.
解決上述問題之技術手段係提供一種語言障礙者之屈光不正驗光方法，其包括下列步驟：一、準備步驟；二、播放視標步驟；三、以手指指向進行驗光步驟；及四、手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟。 The technical means to solve the above problem is to provide a refractive error refraction method for speech-impaired people, which includes the following steps: 1. Preparation step; 2. Playing visual mark step; 3. Refraction step with finger pointing; and 4. Gesture recognition. Automatic identification of visual target steps.
本發明之上述目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中，獲得深入瞭解。 The above objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood from the following detailed description of selected embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
茲以下列實施例並配合圖式詳細說明本發明於後： The present invention is described in detail below with the following examples and drawings:
10:人機單元 10: Human-machine unit
20:視標顯示單元 20: Optotype display unit
21:視標資料庫 21: Optotype database
30:影像擷取單元 30:Image capture unit
31:影像 31:Image
40:控制單元 40:Control unit
41:手勢資料庫 41: Gesture database
91:語言障礙者 91: People with language impairment
911:雙眼 911:Eye
S1:準備步驟 S1: Preparatory steps
S2:播放視標步驟 S2: Steps to play the visual mark
S3:以手指指向進行驗光步驟 S3: Perform the optometry steps with finger pointing
S4:手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟 S4: Steps for automatically identifying visual targets through gesture recognition
A1、A2、AN:視標資料 A1, A2, AN: Optotype data
B1、B2、BN:手勢資料 B1, B2, BN: Gesture data
M1、M2:手勢影像 M1, M2: Gesture image
VA:背景顏色 VA: background color
VB:視標顏色 VB: visual target color
第1圖係本發明之驗光方法之流程圖。 Figure 1 is a flow chart of the optometry method of the present invention.
第2圖係本發明之主要裝置之示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main device of the present invention.
第3圖係本發明之視標資料庫之簡化之示意圖。 Figure 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of the visual target database of the present invention.
第4圖係本發明之手勢資料庫之簡化之示意圖。 Figure 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of the gesture database of the present invention.
第5圖係本發明之手勢辨識自動判別視標之第一實施例之示意圖。 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention in which gesture recognition automatically determines the visual target.
第6圖係本發明之手勢辨識自動判別視標之第二實施例之示意圖。 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of automatic recognition of visual targets through gesture recognition according to the present invention.
第7圖係本發明之視標資料之背景顏色與視標顏色之對應關係之示意圖。 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the correspondence between the background color of the optotype data and the optotype color of the present invention.
第8圖係第7圖之簡化之示意圖。 Figure 8 is a simplified schematic diagram of Figure 7.
第9圖係本發明之視標資料之第一彩色應用例之示意圖。 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the first color application example of the optotype data of the present invention.
第10圖係本發明之視標資料之第二彩色應用例之示意圖。 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the second color application example of the optotype data of the present invention.
第11圖係本發明之視標資料之第三彩色應用例之示意圖。 Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the third color application example of the optotype data of the present invention.
參閱第1圖，本發明係為一種語言障礙者之屈光不正驗光方法，其包括下列步驟： Referring to Figure 1, the present invention is a refractive error optometry method for speech-impaired people, which includes the following steps:
一、準備步驟S1：參閱第2圖，預設一人機單元10、一視標顯示單元20、一影像擷取單元30及一控制單元40。該人機單元10、該視標顯示單元20及該影像擷取單元30係連結該控制單元40。該視標顯示單元20係內建一視標資料庫21，該視標資料庫21係具有複數筆視標資料(如第3圖所示，例如：A1、A2、…、AN。)。該控制單元40係內建一手勢資料庫41，該手勢資料庫41係具有複數筆手勢資料(如第4圖所示，例如：B1、B2、…、BN)。 1. Preparation step S1: Referring to Figure 2, a human-computer unit 10, a target display unit 20, an image capture unit 30 and a control unit 40 are preset. The man-machine unit 10, the target display unit 20 and the image capture unit 30 are connected to the control unit 40. The optotype display unit 20 has a built-in optotype database 21, and the optotype database 21 has a plurality of optotype data (as shown in Figure 3, for example: A1, A2,..., AN.). The control unit 40 has a built-in gesture database 41, and the gesture database 41 has a plurality of gesture data (as shown in Figure 4, for example: B1, B2,..., BN).
二、播放視標步驟S2：該人機單元10係用以控制該視標顯示單元20顯示該複數筆視標資料其中一者；以供一語言障礙者91之雙眼911(第2圖僅為示意，而顯示該雙眼911其中一者，實際上驗光大部分是雙眼911分別進行，亦即單眼進行檢測，舉例來講：遮左眼測右測，或是遮右眼測左眼。)其中至少一者觀看，該複數筆視標資料中之每一視標資料均係具有至少一視標缺口。 2. Playing the optotype step S2: The man-machine unit 10 is used to control the optotype display unit 20 to display one of the plurality of optotype data; for the eyes 911 of a language-impaired person 91 (Figure 2 only) For illustration, one of the two eyes 911 is shown. In fact, most optometry is performed on both eyes 911 separately, that is, one eye is tested. For example: cover the left eye to measure the right eye, or cover the right eye to measure the left eye. .) When viewed by at least one of them, each of the plurality of visual target data has at least one visual target gap.
三、以手指指向進行驗光步驟S3：該語言障礙者91係以手指指向，表達該雙眼911其中至少一者觀看該至少一視標缺口之方向，以進行驗光作業。 3. Step S3 of performing optometry with finger pointing: The speech-impaired person 91 points with a finger to express the direction in which at least one of the two eyes 911 looks at the at least one visual target gap to perform the optometry operation.
四、手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟S4：該影像擷取單元30係用以擷取該手指指向之一影像31，並傳送至該控制單元40；該影像31中具有一手勢影像(例如 第5圖所示的手勢影像M1，或是如第6圖所示的手勢影像M2)，該控制單元40係用以擷取該複數筆手勢資料(如第4圖所示，例如：B1、B2、…、BN)，並用以擷取該視標顯示單元20所顯示之該複數筆視標資料其中一者。並當自動判別該手勢影像符合相對應之該手勢資料，同時符合前述之該視標顯示單元20所顯示之該複數筆視標資料其中一者時，代表該語言障礙者91手指指向該至少一視標缺口之方向正確，反之若有一者不符均代表不正確，進而完成驗光作業，然後結束。 4. Gesture recognition automatically determines the visual target step S4: The image capture unit 30 is used to capture an image 31 of the finger pointing and transmit it to the control unit 40; the image 31 has a gesture image (for example, The control unit 40 is used to capture the plurality of gesture data (as shown in Figure 4, for example: B1, B2,...,BN), and used to retrieve one of the plurality of optotype data displayed by the optotype display unit 20. And when it is automatically determined that the gesture image matches the corresponding gesture data and at the same time matches one of the plurality of optotype data displayed by the optotype display unit 20, the finger 91 on behalf of the speech-impaired person points to the at least one The direction of the visual mark gap is correct. Otherwise, if any one of them does not match, it means it is incorrect. Then the optometry operation is completed and then ended.
實務上，該人機單元10可為公知遙控器，用以直接遙控該視標顯示單元20，或是遙控該控制單元40而間接控制該視標顯示單元20，前述相關之遙控設計，早為相關遙控業界所知悉，其中之軟體及硬體恕不贅述。 In practice, the man-machine unit 10 can be a well-known remote control, which is used to directly control the visual target display unit 20, or to remotely control the control unit 40 and indirectly control the visual target display unit 20. The above-mentioned related remote control design has long been The relevant remote control industry is aware of the software and hardware involved and will not go into details.
該視標顯示單元20可為公知微型LED顯示器，並內建圖表播放軟體(可參考中國大陸專利第CN102789385號之視頻文件播放器和視頻文件播放的處理方法)，進而可播放(顯示)該視標資料庫21之該複數筆視標資料其中一者。 The visual mark display unit 20 can be a well-known micro LED display, and has built-in chart playback software (please refer to the video file player and video file playback processing method in Mainland China Patent No. CN102789385), and can play (display) the video. One of the plurality of visual target data in the target database 21.
關於該複數筆視標資料例如可為：大英文字母E(A1)(具有二個朝右之該視標缺口)、中英文字母E(A2)(具有二個朝右之該視標缺口)、…、左轉90度之小英文字母(AN)(具有二個朝上之該視標缺口)等。 The data about the plurality of visual marks can be, for example: large English letter E (A1) (having two right-facing visual mark gaps), Chinese and English letter E (A2) (having two right-facing visual mark gaps) ,..., small English letters (AN) turned 90 degrees to the left (with two upward-facing notches of the visual target), etc.
當然，前述關於該視標資料只是舉例，任何具有同一方向、明確之該視標缺口之圖形、文字(例如英文字母C)，均可作為該視標資料。 Of course, the above-mentioned information about the visual mark is just an example. Any graphics or text (such as the English letter C) with the same direction and a clear gap in the visual mark can be used as the visual mark data.
關於該複數筆手勢資料(如第4圖所示)例如可為：顯示手指指向右(B1)、顯示手指指向上(B2)、…、顯示手指指向下(BN)等。 The plurality of gesture data (as shown in Figure 4) may be, for example: a finger pointing to the right (B1), a finger pointing up (B2), ..., a finger pointing down (BN), etc.
該影像擷取單元30可為公知電荷耦合器件(Charge-coupled Device，簡稱CCD)。 The image capturing unit 30 can be a known charge-coupled device (CCD for short).
該控制單元40進一步可內建：膚色偵測裝置(例如中華民國專利第I537877號之膚色偵測方法及系統)及型態學軟體(例如中國專利第CN106203510之一種基 於形態學和字典學習的高光譜圖像分類方法)，而可倍增該手勢影像之判別效率。 The control unit 40 can further be built-in: a skin color detection device (such as the skin color detection method and system of the Republic of China Patent No. I537877) and a morphology software (such as a skin color detection method and system of the Chinese Patent No. CN106203510). Hyperspectral image classification method based on morphology and dictionary learning), which can double the discrimination efficiency of the gesture image.
在此要先說明的部分是，一般驗光可能須要被測者口述其驗光過程看到之視標，視標可能為87246、21861、…、68653等不同數字組合之亂碼(此為公知驗光技術之一，非本案技術內容，合先陳明。)，且每組視標大小不同，而可檢測出被測者之視力是2.0、1.8、…、0.8等。然而語言障礙者並無法進行口述。本案即針對無法進行口述者設計，依序透過該準備步驟S1、該播放視標步驟S2、該以手指指向進行驗光步驟S3及該手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟S4。而於該視標顯示單元20預先建立該視標資料庫21，該視標資料庫21具有複數筆視標資料(如第3圖所示，例如：A1、A2、…、AN。)。並於該控制單元40預先內建該手勢資料庫41，該手勢資料庫41係具有複數筆手勢資料(如第4圖所示，例如：B1、B2、…、BN)。 The first thing to explain here is that general optometry may require the subject to verbally describe the visual targets he saw during the optometry process. The visual targets may be garbled codes with different combinations of numbers such as 87246, 21861, ..., 68653 (this is a well-known optometry technology 1. This is not a technical content of this case and will be stated first.), and the size of each group of visual targets is different, and the visual acuity of the subject can be detected to be 2.0, 1.8,..., 0.8, etc. However, people with language impairment cannot speak orally. This case is designed for people who are unable to speak orally, and sequentially goes through the preparation step S1, the playback of the visual mark step S2, the optometry with finger pointing step S3 and the gesture recognition step of automatically identifying the visual mark S4. The optotype database 21 is pre-established in the optotype display unit 20, and the optotype database 21 has a plurality of optotype data (as shown in Figure 3, for example: A1, A2,..., AN.). The gesture database 41 is pre-built into the control unit 40, and the gesture database 41 has a plurality of gesture data (as shown in Figure 4, for example: B1, B2,..., BN).
接著，透過該人機單元10遙控(可由專業驗光師或是該語言障礙者91進行搖控)該視標顯示單元20顯示該複數筆視標資料的其中一筆(可再依亂數顯示不同的視標資料)，並由該語言障礙者91之雙眼911其中至少一者觀看後，以手指指向之方向，表達該雙眼911其中至少一者觀看該至少一視標缺口之方向。並由該影像擷取單元30擷取該手指指向之該影像31(實際上包括背景影像、…、手臂等不相關之影像)，且傳送至該控制單元40。 Then, through the human-machine unit 10 remote control (which can be remotely controlled by a professional optometrist or the speech-impaired person 91), the visual target display unit 20 displays one of the plurality of visual target data (different data can be displayed according to random numbers. Optotype data), and after being viewed by at least one of the eyes 911 of the speech-impaired person 91, use the direction pointed by the finger to express the direction in which at least one of the eyes 911 views the at least one optotype gap. The image 31 pointed by the finger is captured by the image capture unit 30 (actually including background images, ..., irrelevant images of arms, etc.) and transmitted to the control unit 40 .
接著該控制單元40透過該膚色偵測裝置及該型態學軟體，先對該影像31進行影像前處理而過濾出該手勢影像，舉下面兩例說明： Then, the control unit 40 first performs image pre-processing on the image 31 through the skin color detection device and the morphological software to filter out the gesture image. The following two examples are given for illustration:
[a]第一例：參閱第5圖，依序由上圖(包括背景影像、…、手臂等不相關之影像)、中圖(包括手臂等不相關之影像)至下圖之影像前處理，最後得到下圖中之該手勢影像M1(顯示手指指向右)。 [a] First example: Refer to Figure 5, and proceed in sequence from the upper image (including background images,..., irrelevant images such as arms), the middle image (including irrelevant images such as arms) to the image pre-processing in the lower image , and finally get the gesture image M1 in the figure below (showing the finger pointing to the right).
[b]第二例：參閱第6圖，同樣依序由上圖(包括背景影像、…、手臂等不相關之影像)、中圖(包括手臂等不相關之影像)至下圖之影像前處理，最後得到下圖中之該手勢影像M2(顯示手指指向上)。 [b] Second example: Refer to Figure 6, in the same order, from the upper image (including background images,..., irrelevant images such as arms), to the middle image (including irrelevant images such as arms) to the image in the lower image After processing, the gesture image M2 shown in the figure below is finally obtained (showing the finger pointing upward).
再來，該控制單元40同時擷取該複數筆手勢資料(如第4圖所示，例如：B1、B2、…、BN)，及該視標顯示單元20所顯示之該複數筆視標資料其中一者。 Next, the control unit 40 simultaneously captures the plurality of gesture data (as shown in Figure 4, for example: B1, B2, ..., BN), and the plurality of optotype data displayed by the optotype display unit 20 One of them.
首先，自動判別該手勢影像是否符合相對應之該手勢資料，同樣藉由前面兩例來講： First, automatically determine whether the gesture image matches the corresponding gesture data. Using the same two examples as above:
第一例：比對第5圖其下圖中之該手勢影像M1(顯示手指指向右)須符合第4圖中之該手勢資料B1，進一步，須同時符合前述之該視標顯示單元20所顯示之該複數筆視標資料其中一者(亦即第3圖所示之該視標資料A1)，如此代表該語言障礙者91手指指向該至少一視標缺口之方向正確，其視力確實可看到該視標資料A1(例如對應視力檢查表0.3)。 First example: Comparing the gesture image M1 in the lower picture of Figure 5 (showing the finger pointing to the right), it must conform to the gesture data B1 in Figure 4. Furthermore, it must also conform to the aforementioned visual target display unit 20. One of the plurality of visual target data displayed (that is, the visual target data A1 shown in Figure 3) means that the 91 fingers of the speech-impaired person are pointing in the correct direction of at least one visual target gap, and his vision is indeed good. See the visual target data A1 (for example, corresponding to the vision test chart 0.3).
[b]第二例：比對第6圖其下圖中之該手勢影像M2(顯示手指指向上)須符合第4圖中之該手勢資料B2，進一步，須同時符合前述之該視標顯示單元20所顯示之該複數筆視標資料其中一者(例如第3圖所示之該視標資料AN)，如此代表該語言障礙者91手指指向該至少一視標缺口之方向正確，其視力確實可看到該視標資料AN(例如對應視力檢查表1.0)。 [b] Second example: Comparing the gesture image M2 in the lower picture of Figure 6 (showing the finger pointing upward), it must conform to the gesture data B2 in Figure 4. Furthermore, it must also conform to the aforementioned optotype display. One of the plurality of visual target data displayed in unit 20 (such as the visual target data AN shown in Figure 3) means that the 91 fingers of the speech-impaired person are pointing in the correct direction of the at least one visual target gap, and their visual acuity The visual target data AN can indeed be seen (for example, corresponding to the visual acuity test chart 1.0).
反之，前述任一例中，若有一者不符均代表不正確，進而完成驗光作業，然後結束。 On the contrary, in any of the above examples, if one of them does not match, it means it is incorrect, and then the optometry operation is completed and then ended.
進一步，參閱第7及第8圖，關於該複數筆視標資料中之每一筆視標資料可再具有：至少一背景顏色VA；及至少一視標顏色VB。 Further, referring to Figures 7 and 8, each piece of visual target data in the plurality of visual target data can further have: at least one background color VA; and at least one visual target color VB.
進而使該每一筆視標資料可具有下列之組合： Then each visual target data can have the following combinations:
[a]白底黑字(圖形)：該至少一背景顏色VA可為白色(底)，該至少一視標顏色VB可為黑色視標(亦即黑色視標缺口)，用以進行近視之視力驗光。 [a] Black text (graphic) on white background: The at least one background color VA can be white (bottom), and the at least one visual target color VB can be a black visual target (that is, a black visual target gap), which is used for myopia. Vision test.
[b]灰底同色彩字(圖形)：該至少一背景顏色VA可為灰色(底)；該至少一視標顏色VB可例如為：紅色(例如第9圖所示之紅色視標，亦即紅色視標缺口)、綠色(例如第10圖所示之綠色視標，亦即綠色視標缺口)、…及藍色(例如第11圖所示之藍色視標，亦即藍色視標缺口)。 [b] Words (graphics) with the same color on a gray background: the at least one background color VA can be gray (bottom); the at least one visual target color VB can be, for example: red (for example, the red visual target shown in Figure 9, also That is, the red optotype gap), green (such as the green optotype shown in Figure 10, that is, the green optotype gap), ... and blue (such as the blue optotype shown in Figure 11, that is, the blue optotype gap) standard gap).
[c]複數第一圓點及複數第二圓點亂數分散排列組成之圖形：該至少一背景顏色VA即為該複數第一圓點之顏色；及該至少一視標顏色VB即為該複數第二圓點之顏色。 [c] A pattern composed of a plurality of first dots and a plurality of second dots randomly arranged in a scattered manner: the at least one background color VA is the color of the plurality of first dots; and the at least one visual target color VB is the The color of the second plurality of dots.
且，該至少一視標顏色VB與該至少一背景顏色VA之色彩對比度要低於50%。 Moreover, the color contrast between the at least one visual target color VB and the at least one background color VA is lower than 50%.
舉例：1.紅色視標(例如第9圖所示，亦即紅色視標缺口)；2.綠色視標(例如第10圖所示，亦即綠色視標缺口)；及3.藍色視標(例如第11圖所示，亦即藍色視標缺口)。 Examples: 1. Red visual target (such as shown in Figure 9, that is, the red visual target gap); 2. Green visual target (such as shown in Figure 10, that is, the green visual target gap); and 3. Blue visual target target (such as shown in Figure 11, that is, the blue visual target gap).
[d]複數第一圓點及複數第二圓點亂數分散排列組成之圖形：該背景顏色VA可為複數種(例如：昏灰(Dimgray)、灰色(Gray)、暗灰(Dark Gray)、…、淺灰色(Light Gray))，並分別為該複數第一圓點之顏色；及該視標顏色VB可為複數種(例如：栗色(Maroon)、暗紅(Dark Red)、鮮紅(Strong Red)、…、柿子橙(Persimmon))，並分別為該複數第二圓點之顏色。 [d] A graphic consisting of plural first dots and plural second dots randomly arranged in a scattered manner: the background color VA can be of multiple types (for example: Dimgray, Gray, Dark Gray) ,..., light gray), and are the colors of the plurality of first dots respectively; and the visual target color VB can be a plurality of types (for example: Maroon, Dark Red, Strong Red),...,Persimmon), and are respectively the colors of the second dot of the plurality.
且，該複數視標顏色VB與該複數背景顏色VA之色彩對比度要低於50%。 Moreover, the color contrast between the plurality of visual target colors VB and the plurality of background colors VA is lower than 50%.
進一步，前述[c]及[d]之該複數第一圓點可為相同直徑、相異直徑其中至少一者。 Furthermore, the plurality of first circular points in the aforementioned [c] and [d] may be at least one of the same diameter or different diameters.
前述[c]及[d]之該複數第二圓點可為相同直徑、相異直徑其中至少一者。 The plurality of second circular points in the aforementioned [c] and [d] may be at least one of the same diameter or different diameters.
前述[b]、[c]及[d]之該視標資料可用以進行色盲或色弱者驗光之用。 The visual target data of the aforementioned [b], [c] and [d] can be used for optometry for color blindness or color weakness.
換言之，可先依步驟2、3、4進行白底黑字視標之近視驗光檢測。 In other words, you can first perform a myopia optometry test using black text on a white background according to steps 2, 3, and 4.
接著，復依步驟2、3、4進行彩色視標之初步色盲或色弱之檢測程序。 Then, follow steps 2, 3, and 4 to carry out the preliminary color blindness or color weakness detection procedure of the color optotype.
特別要強調的是，若發現有疑似色盲或色弱之情形，仍應建議受測者進一步找專業之眼科醫療單位進行更詳細的檢測。 It is particularly important to emphasize that if there is suspected color blindness or color weakness, it is still recommended that the subject further seek professional ophthalmology medical units for more detailed testing.
當然，本案亦可應用於一般無語言障礙者之驗光。 Of course, this case can also be applied to optometry for people without language impairment.
本發明之優點及功效可歸納如下： The advantages and effects of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
[1]便於語言障礙者以手勢表達視力相當人性。本案只要以該影像擷取單元擷取該手指指向之影像，並傳送至該控制單元；即可由該控制單元從該影像進行影像前處理而過濾出該手勢影像，進一步，當自動判別該手勢影像符合相對應之該手勢資料，同時符合該視標顯示單元所顯示之該視標資料時，代表該語言障礙者手指指向該至少一視標缺口之方向正確，其視力確實可看到該視標顯示單元所顯示之該視標資料。最重要的是，驗光過程中，該語言障礙者完全不須發出任何聲音，只要比手勢(亦可算是手語)即可，相當人性化，亦可提高語言障礙者之接受度。故，便於語言障礙者以手勢表達視力相當人性。 [1] It is very humane to facilitate language-impaired people to express their vision with gestures. In this case, as long as the image capture unit is used to capture the image of the finger pointing and transmitted to the control unit, the control unit can perform image pre-processing on the image to filter out the gesture image. Furthermore, the gesture image can be automatically identified. When the corresponding gesture data is consistent with the optotype data displayed by the optotype display unit, it means that the finger of the speech-impaired person is pointing in the correct direction of at least one optotype gap, and his or her vision can indeed see the optotype. The visual target data displayed by the display unit. The most important thing is that during the optometry process, the person with language impairment does not need to make any sound at all, only gestures (which can also be regarded as sign language) are enough. It is quite humane and can also improve the acceptance of people with language impairment. Therefore, it is quite humane to facilitate speech-impaired people to express their vision with gestures.
[2]應用範圍廣。實際上，本案不僅可應用於語言障礙者，凡口齒不清(例如老年人)、…，或是有閱讀障礙者，均可適用。故，應用範圍廣。 [2]Wide range of applications. In fact, this case can be applied not only to people with language impairments, but also to people with unclear speech (such as the elderly),..., or people with reading disabilities. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications.
[3]色盲亦可檢驗相當特別。本案只要進一步將該複數筆視標資料中之每一筆視標資料設計為具有至少一背景顏色及至少一視標顏色，即可透過不同顏色之搭配組合，同樣透過手勢辨識進行色盲(色弱亦可)檢驗。故，色盲亦可檢驗相當特別。 [3] Color blindness can also be tested quite specifically. In this case, as long as each piece of visual target data in the plurality of visual target data is further designed to have at least one background color and at least one visual target color, different color combinations can be used, and color blindness can also be achieved through gesture recognition (color weakness can also be achieved) ) inspection. Therefore, color blindness can also be tested quite special.
以上僅是藉由較佳實施例詳細說明本發明，對於該實施例所做的任何簡單修改與變化，皆不脫離本發明之精神與範圍。 The above is only a detailed description of the present invention through preferred embodiments. Any simple modifications and changes made to the embodiments do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
S1:準備步驟 S1: Preparatory steps
S2:播放視標步驟 S2: Steps to play the visual mark
S3:以手指指向進行驗光步驟 S3: Perform the optometry steps with finger pointing
S4:手勢辨識自動判別視標步驟 S4: Steps for automatically identifying visual targets through gesture recognition
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