TWI809331B - 感濕收縮墨水 - Google Patents

感濕收縮墨水 Download PDF

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TWI809331B
TWI809331B TW109141018A TW109141018A TWI809331B TW I809331 B TWI809331 B TW I809331B TW 109141018 A TW109141018 A TW 109141018A TW 109141018 A TW109141018 A TW 109141018A TW I809331 B TWI809331 B TW I809331B
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moisture
sensitive
ink
weight
shrinkage
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TW109141018A
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TW202221086A (zh
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阮巽雯
林嘉儀
林俊宏
蔡榮裕
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財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所
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Priority to TW109141018A priority Critical patent/TWI809331B/zh
Priority to CN202110021818.1A priority patent/CN114525692B/zh
Priority to US17/308,223 priority patent/US20220162459A1/en
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Abstract

一種用於織物的數位噴印製程的感濕收縮墨水具有介於2.5cP至10.0cP間的黏度以及介於22dyne/cm至32dyne/cm間的表面張力。感濕收縮墨水包括15重量份至35重量份的感濕收縮樹脂以及65重量份至85重量份的水。

Description

感濕收縮墨水
本揭露內容是有關於一種感濕收縮墨水，且特別是有關於一種用於織物的數位噴印製程的感濕收縮墨水。
近年來，人們對於家庭休閒與健康的意識逐漸地提升，故消費者對於機能性織物的需求亦隨之增加。一種廣受消費者喜愛的機能性織物是感濕變形織物，其不僅能夠快速排除汗水，又具有透氣的效果，從而可使得身體保持乾爽。因此，如何對織物進行感濕收縮處理是近年來後整理加工技術重要的發展項目。
本揭露提供一種感濕收縮墨水，其可用於織物的數位噴印製程，從而精準地噴塗於基布，使得以其所製得的感濕變形織物具有良好的感濕收縮性。
根據本揭露一些實施方式，用於織物的數位噴印製程的感濕收縮墨水具有介於2.5cP至10.0cP間的黏度以及介於22dyne/cm至32dyne/cm間的表面張力。感濕收縮墨水包括15重量份至35重量份的感濕收縮樹脂以及65重量份至85重量份的水。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮樹脂是藉由包括以下試劑製備而成：多元醇、多元胺、第一交聯劑以及第二交聯劑。第一交聯劑以及第二交聯劑各自包括異氰酸酯嵌段。
在一些實施方式中，多元醇的平均分子量介於200g/mole至600g/mole間。
在一些實施方式中，多元醇是含醚基的多元醇，包括聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四亞甲基醚二醇。
在一些實施方式中，多元胺的平均分子量介於600g/mole至8000g/mole間。
在一些實施方式中，多元胺包括脂肪族胺、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺或聚醚胺。
在一些實施方式中，第一交聯劑及第二交聯劑具有相同的分子結構。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水的粒徑(D90)介於90nm至360nm間。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水更包括0.004重量份至0.060重量份的界面活性劑。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水更包括5重量份至10重量份的保濕劑。
在一些實施方式中，保濕劑為丙三醇、二甘醇、丙二醇甲醚或其組合。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水更包括0.002重量份至0.020重量份的消泡劑。
根據本揭露上述實施方式，藉由調配感濕收縮墨水中的各組成成分，可使感濕收縮墨水提供良好的感濕收縮性能，並可藉由數位噴印製程將感濕收縮墨水噴塗於基布以形成具有透氣排汗功能的感濕變形織物。另一方面，藉由數位噴印製程將感濕收縮墨水噴塗於基布，可精準地賦予織物局部或全面的感濕收縮性能，以避免過量地使用化學藥劑，從而減少浪費並有效地降低成本。
在本文中，有時以鍵線式(skeleton formula)表示聚合物或基團的結構。這種表示法可省略碳原子、氫原子以及碳氫鍵。當然，結構式中有明確繪出原子或原子基團的，則以繪示者為準。
本揭露內容提供一種感濕收縮墨水，其可用於織物的數位噴印製程，從而精準地噴塗於基布，使得以其所製得的感濕變形織物具有良好的感濕收縮性，並可避免過量地使用化學藥劑，從而減少浪費並有效地降低成本。數位噴印製程是一種非連續相的塗佈方式，噴墨設備的噴頭不會接觸欲加工的織物。數位噴印製程具有精準定位、藥劑高使用率、減少廢棄物排放、低製程能耗、有效降低成本及可小批量快速打樣等優點。織物整理廠、織物塗佈廠或織物表面加工業者可利用本揭露的感濕收縮墨水進行織物噴墨塗佈、噴墨整理、精密塗佈、表面改質以及表裡差異化處理等。
本揭露的感濕收縮墨水主要包括15至35重量份的感濕收縮樹脂以及65至85重量份的水。感濕收縮墨水的黏度介於2.5cP至10.0cP間，使得噴印出的墨水液滴可具有合適的大小，並可使感濕收縮墨水具有合適的流動性以利於數位噴印製程。另一方面，感濕收縮墨水的表面張力介於22dyne/cm至32dyne/cm間，有利於墨水液滴於噴頭處成形，並可使感濕收縮墨水具有良好的滲透性。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水中的分散質的粒徑(D90)可介於90nm至360nm間，從而避免在進行數位噴印製程的過程中發生噴頭阻塞的問題，且可使感濕收縮墨水具有較佳的穩定性。上述分散質的粒徑(D90)亦會影響感濕收縮墨水的黏度。舉例而言，感濕收縮墨水中較小的分散質粒徑可使感濕收縮墨水具有較低的黏度。在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水在25℃時的pH值可介於6.0至8.5間，從而避免腐蝕噴印裝置的噴頭，且可避免墨水液滴沉積於噴頭處而造成堵塞。
感濕收縮墨水包括感濕收縮樹脂。在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮樹脂具有多個胺基與羥基，並可牢固地配置於基布上，從而提升以其所製得的感濕變形織物良好的感濕收縮性以及水洗牢度。換句話說，由於本揭露的感濕收縮墨水包括感濕收縮樹脂，因此本揭露的感濕收縮墨水可賦予以其所製得的感濕變形織物高的單位面積收縮率，並使得感濕變形織物在多次洗滌後仍可良好地維持其感濕收縮性。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮樹脂可藉由包括以下試劑製備而成：多元醇、多元胺、第一交聯劑以及第二交聯劑。在一些實施方式中，多元醇的添加量可介於0.5重量份至1.5重量份間，多元胺的添加量可介於40重量份至50重量份間，第一交聯劑的添加量可介於2.2重量份至2.6重量份間，且第二交聯劑的添加量可介於0.4重量份至0.8重量份間。
在一些實施方式中，多元醇可提供感濕收縮樹脂良好的感濕收縮性，使得感濕收縮墨水具有良好的感濕收縮性。如此一來，以感濕收縮墨水所製得的感濕變形織物可具有高的單位面積收縮率。在一些實施方式中，多元醇可例如是含醚基的多元醇，包括聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚丙二醇(PPG)或聚四亞甲基醚二醇(PTMEG)。在一些實施方式中，多元醇的重量平均分子量可介於200g/mole至600g/mole間。具體而言，若多元醇的重量平均分子量小於200g/mole，可能導致所形成的感濕收縮樹脂無法牢固地配置於基布上，從而使得感濕變形織物具有差的感濕收縮性及水洗牢度；而若多元醇的重量平均分子量大於600g/mole，可能導致感濕收縮墨水的黏度過高，使得墨水液滴容易聚集，從而發生噴頭阻塞的問題。
在一些實施方式中，多元胺可提供感濕收縮樹脂良好的感濕收縮性，使得感濕收縮墨水具有良好的感濕收縮性。如此一來，以感濕收縮墨水所製得的感濕變形織物可具有高的單位面積收縮率。在一些實施方式中，多元胺可包括聚醚胺、聚醯胺或聚醯亞胺。在其他實施方式中，多元胺可包括脂肪族胺，以較佳地提供感濕收縮樹脂良好的感濕收縮性。具體而言，脂肪族胺可例如是己二胺、二乙基己二胺、三甲基己二胺、庚二胺、三甲基乙二胺、四乙基乙二胺、四甲基乙二胺、壬二胺、月桂胺二亞丙基二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺或聚乙烯亞胺。在一些實施方式中，多元胺的重量平均分子量可介於600g/mole至8000g/mole間，且較佳地可介於800g/mole至5500g/mole間。
在一些實施方式中，第一交聯劑可包括異氰酸酯三聚體。具體而言，第一交聯劑可包括如式(1)所示的結構單元， 式(1)。在一些實施方式中，第一交聯劑可包括脂肪族異氰酸酯(例如是HDI、TMDI或XDI)三聚體、脂環族異氰酸酯(例如是IPDI、HMDI或HTDI)三聚體、芳香族異氰酸酯(例如是TDI或MDI)三聚體或其組合。第一交聯劑可包括異氰酸酯嵌段。舉例而言，異氰酸酯三聚體的至少兩末端可具有異氰酸酯嵌段。具體而言，在以式(1)表示的第一交聯劑中，R 1、R 2及R 3中任兩者以上包括異氰酸酯嵌段。
在一些實施方式中，第二交聯劑與第一交聯劑可具有相同的分子結構。在一些實施方式中，第二交聯劑的添加量與第一交聯劑的添加量的比例可例如介於1:5至1:3間。在一些實施方式中，第二交聯劑與第一交聯劑中的異氰酸酯嵌段的總量與多元醇中羥基的總量的比值可介於1.0至2.5間。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水可更包括5重量份至10重量份的保濕劑。在上述含量範圍內，保濕劑可確保感濕收縮墨水在噴印的過程中不會因凝結而沉積或阻塞噴頭。具體而言，若保濕劑的含量小於5重量份，可能無法有效地避免感濕收縮墨水凝結；而若保濕劑的含量大於10重量份，容易造成感濕收縮墨水在織物上的乾燥速度太慢，使得數位噴印製程整體的生產速度下降。在一些實施方式中，保濕劑可例如是丙三醇、二甘醇、丙二醇甲醚或其組合。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水可更包括0.004重量份至0.060重量份的界面活性劑。在上述含量範圍內，界面活性劑可維持感濕收縮墨水中的粒子(例如感濕收縮樹脂、保濕劑等)的尺寸安定。具體而言，若界面活性劑的含量小於0.004重量份，可能無法有效地使感濕收縮墨水中的分散質達到完全分散，且可能產生沉澱物或凝聚物；而若界面活性劑的含量大於0.060重量份，感濕收縮墨水中的分聚質間將因過多的界面活性劑產生的斥力而失去凝聚效果。在一些實施方式中，界面活性劑可例如是聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚醚改性矽氧烷、聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷或其組合。
在一些實施方式中，感濕收縮墨水可更包括0.002重量份至0.020重量份的消泡劑。在上述含量範圍內，消泡劑得以確保感濕收縮墨水中不具有泡沫。具體而言，若消泡劑的含量小於0.002重量份，感濕收縮墨水容易因其中的鹼性成分而產生泡沫，從而影響感濕收縮墨水的穩定性以及噴印時的流暢性；而若消泡劑的含量大於0.020重量份，易導致感濕收縮墨水的黏度及表面張力過低，從而影響墨水的整體性質。在一些實施方式中，消泡劑可例如是聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷、破泡聚矽氧烷、溶於聚乙二醇中的破泡聚矽氧烷與憎水顆粒混合物或其組合。
根據本揭露上述實施方式，藉由調配感濕收縮墨水中的各組成成分，可使感濕收縮墨水提供良好的感濕收縮性能，並可藉由數位噴印製程將感濕收縮墨水噴塗於基布以形成具有透氣排汗功能的感濕變形織物。另一方面，藉由數位噴印製程將感濕收縮墨水噴塗於基布，可精準地賦予織物局部或全面的感濕收縮性能，以避免過量使用化學藥劑，從而減少浪費並有效地降低成本。
在以下敘述中，將針對本揭露的感濕收縮墨水以及以感濕收縮墨水製得的感濕變形織物進行各種測試與評估。 >實驗例1：感濕收縮墨水的基礎配方評估>
在本實驗例中，針對各實施例的感濕收縮墨水進行黏度、表面張力以及粒徑的量測。各實施例的感濕收縮墨水中的組成成分與含量以及量測的結果如表一所示。
表一
水 感濕收縮樹脂 保濕劑 界面活性劑 消泡劑 黏度 (cP) 表面張力 (dyne/cm) 粒徑 (nm)
實施例1 80 20 -- 0.004 (D) -- 3.5 28.0 187
實施例2 80 20 -- 0.008 (D) 0.002 (G) 3.5 27.3 187
實施例3 80 20 5 (A) 0.004 (D) -- 5.0 28.2 187
實施例4 80 20 5 (A) 0.008 (D) 0.002 (G) 5.0 28.7 188
實施例5 80 20 10 (A) 0.004 (D) -- 6.4 31.3 335
實施例6 80 20 10 (A) 0.008 (D) 0.002 (G) 6.4 30.3 327
實施例7 80 20 5 (B) 0.002 (D) -- 4.8 28.4 173
實施例8 80 20 5 (B) 0.002 (D) 0.002 (G) 4.8 28.1 173
實施例9 80 20 10 (B) 0.002 (D) -- 5.6 31.5 334
實施例10 80 20 10 (B) 0.002 (D) 0.002 (G) 5.6 28.3 334
實施例11 80 20 5 (C) 0.002 (D) -- 4.5 27.5 189
實施例12 80 20 5 (C) 0.002 (D) 0.002 (G) 4.5 27.8 189
實施例13 80 20 10 (C) 0.002 (D) -- 5.3 29.3 352
實施例14 80 20 10 (C) 0.002 (D) 0.002 (G) 5.3 25.5 352
實施例15 80 20 -- 0.060 (E) -- 2.6 22.5 124
實施例16 80 20 -- 0.060 (E) 0.020 (H) 2.8 24.2 106
實施例17 80 20 -- 0.040 (F) -- 2.7 22.4 118
實施例18 80 20 -- 0.040 (F) 0.015 (I) 2.8 25.4 95
實施例19 70 30 -- 0.060 (E) -- 8.5 22.5 153
實施例20 70 30 -- 0.060 (E) 0.020 (H) 8.5 23.6 145
註1：未標示的單位為重量份 註2：(A)代表丙三醇；(B)代表二甘醇；(C)代表丙二醇甲醚 註3：(D)代表聚醚改性矽氧烷；(E)代表聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷；(F)代表聚二甲基矽氧烷 註4：(G)代表聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷；(H)代表破泡聚矽氧烷；(I)代表溶於聚乙二醇中的破泡聚矽氧烷與憎水顆粒混合物
由表一可知，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水的黏度皆介於2.5cP至10.0cP間、表面張力皆介於22dyne/cm至32dyne/cm間，且粒徑皆介於90nm至360nm間。因此，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水具有合適的流動性，且可利於墨水液滴的成形，並具有良好的滲透性。此外，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水不易發生墨水沉積以及噴頭堵塞的問題。 >實驗例2：感濕收縮墨水的儲存穩定性評估>
在本實驗例中，針對各實施例的感濕收縮墨水進行高溫、常溫以及低溫儲存穩定性測試。具體而言，高溫儲存穩定性測試是將感濕收縮墨水放置於溫度為60℃的烘箱內歷時15天，並待其回到室溫後進行測試；常溫儲存穩定性測試是將感濕收縮墨水放置於室溫的環境內歷時15天，並進行測試；低溫儲存穩定性測試是將感濕收縮墨水放置於溫度為7℃的冷藏庫內歷時15天，並待其回到室溫後進行測試。測試內容包括以肉眼觀察感濕收縮墨水是否發生分層現象或產生沉澱物、以及量測感濕收縮墨水相對於測試前的黏度。測試結果如表二所示。
表二
高溫儲存穩定性測試 常溫儲存穩定性測試 低溫儲存穩定性測試
實施例1 15天 15天 15天
實施例2 15天 15天 15天
實施例3~14 7天 15天 15天
實施例15~18 15天 15天 15天
實施例19~20 15天 15天 15天
註：表二中所顯示的天數代表感濕收縮墨水於該天數內未發生分層現象且未產生沉澱物，並具有相當低的黏度變化
由表二可知，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水不論是於高溫、常溫或低溫環境下，皆可放置長達至少7天而未發生分層現象且未產生沉澱物，並具有相當低的黏度變化。換句話說，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水於高溫、常溫及低溫環境下皆可儲存長達至少7天而不變質，顯示具有良好的儲存穩定性。應瞭解到，若將上述感濕收縮墨水於高溫環境下可穩定儲存的時間換算為感濕收縮墨水於常溫下可穩定儲存的時間，各實施例的感濕收縮墨水可穩定地於常溫下儲存約6個月至2年。 >實驗例3：感濕收縮墨水噴塗於基布後的穩定性評估>
在本實驗例中，將各實施例的感濕收縮墨水藉由數位噴印製程噴塗於聚酯針織布或耐隆針織布上，以形成具有噴墨圖案的感濕變形織物，並將感濕變形織物放置於室溫環境內歷時7天，以肉眼觀察所述噴墨圖案的圖案清晰度。結果顯示以各實施例的感濕收縮墨水所形成的噴墨圖案皆未產生明顯的暈墨現象，具有良好的圖案穩定性。 >實驗例4：感濕變形織物的感濕收縮性評估>
在本實驗例中，將各實施例的感濕收縮墨水噴塗於聚酯針織布以形成感濕變形織物，並對各感濕變形織物進行單位面積收縮率測試。需說明的是，各感濕變形織物的單位面積收縮率是對面積為10公分x10公分的感濕變形織物進行測試而得到的結果。此外，各感濕變形織物更經歷50次水洗，並於第20次及第50次水洗後再度進行測試。測試結果如表三所示。
表三
  水洗次數(次) 織物的單位面積收縮率(%)
實施例1~2 0 16.4
20 11.7
50 10.7
實施例3~4 0 13.6
20 9.7
50 8.9
實施例5~6 0 12.7
20 9.1
50 8.3
實施例7~8 0 14.5
20 10.3
50 9.5
實施例9~10 0 12.8
20 9.1
50 8.4
實施例11~12 0 12.6
20 9.0
50 8.2
實施例13~14 0 11.7
20 8.3
50 7.6
實施例15~18 0 14.4
20 10.3
50 9.4
實施例19~20 0 15.4
20 12.8
50 10.7
如表三所示，在經歷水洗前，各感濕變形織物的單位面積收縮率皆介於11%至17%間，顯示具有良好的感濕收縮性。另一方面，各感濕變形織物在經歷50次水洗後的單位面積收縮率仍可大於9%，成功地克服使用習知的加工助劑所帶來的水洗牢度不佳的問題。
經由上述各實驗例的驗證，本揭露的感濕收縮墨水可具有合適的流動性以及良好的滲透性，且其於高溫、常溫或低溫環境下皆具有一定程度的穩定性。此外，由本揭露的感濕收縮墨水所形成的噴墨圖案可具有良好的圖案穩定性。另一方面，本揭露的感濕收縮墨水可提供良好的感濕收縮性能，並可藉由數位噴印製程精準地噴塗於基布以形成感濕變形織物，從而提供以其所製得的感濕變形織物良好的感濕收縮性，以具有透氣排汗功能。此外，本揭露的感濕收縮墨水可牢固地配置於基布上，有利於提升感濕變形織物的水洗牢度。
雖然本揭露已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本揭露，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本揭露之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
無
無
國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無

Claims (11)

  1. 一種感濕收縮墨水，用於織物的數位噴印製程，且具有介於2.5cP至10.0cP間的黏度以及介於22dyne/cm至32dyne/cm間的表面張力，所述感濕收縮墨水包括15重量份至35重量份的感濕收縮樹脂以及65重量份至85重量份的水，其中所述感濕收縮墨水中分散質的粒徑(D90)介於90nm至360nm間。
  2. 如請求項1所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述感濕收縮樹脂是藉由包括以下試劑製備而成：多元醇；多元胺；第一交聯劑，包括異氰酸酯嵌段；以及第二交聯劑，包括異氰酸酯嵌段。
  3. 如請求項2所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述多元醇的平均分子量介於200g/mole至600g/mole間。
  4. 如請求項2所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述多元醇是含醚基的多元醇，包括聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四亞甲基醚二醇。
  5. 如請求項2所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所 述多元胺的平均分子量介於600g/mole至8000g/mole間。
  6. 如請求項2所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述多元胺包括脂肪族胺、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺或聚醚胺。
  7. 如請求項2所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述第一交聯劑及所述第二交聯劑具有相同的分子結構。
  8. 如請求項1所述的感濕收縮墨水，更包括0.004重量份至0.060重量份的界面活性劑。
  9. 如請求項1所述的感濕收縮墨水，更包括5重量份至10重量份的保濕劑。
  10. 如請求項9所述的感濕收縮墨水，其中所述保濕劑為丙三醇、二甘醇、丙二醇甲醚或其組合。
  11. 如請求項1所述的感濕收縮墨水，更包括0.002重量份至0.020重量份的消泡劑。
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