TWI801965B - High temperature resistant magnetic component and method of fabricating the same - Google Patents

High temperature resistant magnetic component and method of fabricating the same Download PDF

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TWI801965B
TWI801965B TW110129994A TW110129994A TWI801965B TW I801965 B TWI801965 B TW I801965B TW 110129994 A TW110129994 A TW 110129994A TW 110129994 A TW110129994 A TW 110129994A TW I801965 B TWI801965 B TW I801965B
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magnetic component
magnet
temperature resistant
manufacturing
high temperature
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TW202306668A (en
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邱軍浩
莫智傑
陳冠銘
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中國鋼鐵股份有限公司
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Abstract

The present invention provides a high temperature resistant magnetic component and method of fabricating the same. The method is performed by spraying alloy powders on a surface of the magnet assembling on a magnetic material, following by a vacuum heat treatment. Therefore, the high temperature resistant magnetic component with higher intrinsic coercivity is obtained.

Description

耐高溫磁性組件及其製造方法High temperature resistant magnetic component and manufacturing method thereof

本發明是關於一種磁性組件及其製造方法，特別是關於一種耐高溫磁性組件及其製造方法。The invention relates to a magnetic component and its manufacturing method, in particular to a high temperature resistant magnetic component and its manufacturing method.

釹鐵硼磁石(又稱釹磁鐵)是由釹、鐵、硼形成的四方晶系晶體，即釹鐵硼磁石是以稀土金屬釹(Nd)、金屬鐵(Fe)及非金屬元素硼(B)為基礎的永磁材料。釹鐵硼磁石具有較大的磁能積，且係現今磁性最強的永久磁鐵，也是最常使用的稀土磁石。釹鐵硼磁石因為性價比高且具有良好的機械特性，故目前被廣泛地應用於電子產品，例如硬碟、手機、耳機以及用電池供電的工具等。NdFeB magnets (also known as neodymium magnets) are tetragonal crystals formed of neodymium, iron and boron, that is, NdFeB magnets are made of rare earth metal neodymium (Nd), metal iron (Fe) and non-metallic element boron (B ) based permanent magnet materials. NdFeB magnets have a large magnetic energy product, and are the most magnetic permanent magnets today, and are also the most commonly used rare earth magnets. NdFeB magnets are widely used in electronic products such as hard drives, mobile phones, earphones, and battery-powered tools because of their high cost performance and good mechanical properties.

為了使磁石不易退磁或發生磁衰退的現象，習知釹鐵硼磁石的製造方法是藉由提高整顆磁石之稀土元素(例如釹及/或鐠)或重稀土元素(例如鏑及/或鋱)的含量，以提升整顆磁石的本質矯頑磁力值(intrinsic coercivity，iHc)及/或耐高溫性，以避免退磁現象發生。然而，前述習知製程中稀土元素或重稀土元素的用量較大，故磁石材料的成本較高。In order to make the magnets difficult to demagnetize or have magnetic decay, the conventional manufacturing method of NdFeB magnets is to increase the rare earth elements (such as neodymium and/or 鐠) or heavy rare earth elements (such as dysprosium and/or 鋱) of the whole magnet. ) content to increase the intrinsic coercivity (intrinsic coercivity, iHc) and/or high temperature resistance of the whole magnet to avoid demagnetization. However, the amount of rare earth elements or heavy rare earth elements used in the above-mentioned conventional manufacturing process is relatively large, so the cost of the magnet material is relatively high.

有鑑於此，亟須提供一種耐高溫磁性組件及其製造方法，其係可減少稀土元素或重稀土元素的用量，以使釹鐵硼磁石之特定區域能具有較高的本質矯頑磁力值。In view of this, there is an urgent need to provide a high-temperature-resistant magnetic component and its manufacturing method, which can reduce the amount of rare earth elements or heavy rare earth elements, so that specific regions of NdFeB magnets can have higher intrinsic coercive force values.

本發明之一態樣是提供一種耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其係藉由對貼合於導磁材上之磁石表面噴塗合金粉體於，並藉由真空熱處理，來提升此表面的本質矯頑磁力值。One aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing high temperature resistant magnetic components, which is to improve the nature of the surface by spraying alloy powder on the surface of the magnet attached to the magnetic material, and by vacuum heat treatment coercivity value.

本發明之另一態樣是提供一種耐高溫磁性組件，其係由上述之製造方法所製得。Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a high temperature resistant magnetic component manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.

根據本發明之一態樣，提供一種耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其係包含貼合磁石之第一表面在導磁材上，並噴塗合金粉體於磁石之第二表面，以獲得磁性組件。第二表面相對於第一表面。磁石包含釹鐵硼合金材料。合金粉體包含鋱、鈷及銅。然後，對磁性組件進行真空熱處理，以獲得耐高溫磁性組件。According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component is provided, which includes attaching the first surface of the magnet to a magnetically permeable material, and spraying alloy powder on the second surface of the magnet to obtain a magnetic component . The second surface is opposite to the first surface. The magnets contain neodymium-iron-boron alloy material. The alloy powder contains uranium, cobalt and copper. Then, the magnetic component is subjected to vacuum heat treatment to obtain a high temperature resistant magnetic component.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述釹鐵硼合金材料包含26 wt%至31 wt%的釹、0 wt%至8 wt%的鏑、1 wt%至3 wt%的鈷、0 wt%至0.3 wt%的銅、0 wt%至0.3 wt%的鈮、0.8 wt%至1.2 wt%的硼以及平衡量的鐵。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned NdFeB alloy material comprises 26 wt% to 31 wt% of neodymium, 0 wt% to 8 wt% of dysprosium, 1 wt% to 3 wt% of cobalt, 0 wt% to 0.3 wt% wt % copper, 0 wt % to 0.3 wt % niobium, 0.8 wt % to 1.2 wt % boron and the balance iron.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述合金粉體係噴塗於表面之中心區域。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned alloy powder system is sprayed on the central area of the surface.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述中心區域與表面之面積比值係不小於1/3。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the area ratio of the above-mentioned central region to the surface is not less than 1/3.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述合金粉體之平均粒徑為1 μm至10μm。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the average particle diameter of the alloy powder is 1 μm to 10 μm.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述合金粉體包含10原子%至70原子%的鋱、5原子%至20原子%的鈷及5原子%至20原子%的銅。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alloy powder includes 10 atomic % to 70 atomic % of uranium, 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of cobalt, and 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of copper.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述合金粉體更包含不大於20原子%的鏑、鎵、鈦、釹及/或鋁。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned alloy powder further includes dysprosium, gallium, titanium, neodymium and/or aluminum not greater than 20 atomic %.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述真空熱處理係在900℃進行5至6小時。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum heat treatment is performed at 900° C. for 5 to 6 hours.

根據本發明之一實施例，上述真空熱處理之一真空度為1×10 -5torr至5×10 -5torr。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a degree of vacuum in the vacuum heat treatment is 1×10 -5 torr to 5×10 -5 torr.

根據本發明之另一態樣，提供一種耐高溫磁性組件，其係由上述之製造方法所製得。According to another aspect of the present invention, a high temperature resistant magnetic component is provided, which is manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.

應用本發明之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，藉由在對貼合於導磁材上之磁石表面噴塗合金粉體，並進行真空熱處理，以獲得具有較高本質矯頑磁力值的耐高溫磁性組件。Applying the manufacturing method of the high-temperature-resistant magnetic component of the present invention, by spraying alloy powder on the surface of the magnet attached to the magnetic-permeable material, and performing vacuum heat treatment, high-temperature-resistant magnetic components with higher intrinsic coercive force values can be obtained. components.

承上所述，本發明提供一種耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，藉由對貼合於導磁材上之磁石表面噴塗合金粉體，並進行真空熱處理，以獲得具有較高本質矯頑磁力值的耐高溫磁性組件。Based on the above, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing high temperature resistant magnetic components, by spraying alloy powder on the surface of the magnet attached to the magnetic permeable material, and performing vacuum heat treatment to obtain a higher intrinsic coercive force value High temperature resistant magnetic components.

由於釹鐵硼磁石可應用於馬達轉子或相關磁性組件中，此應用須將磁石與導磁材(例如：電磁鋼片或鐵合金元件)組裝。然而，在與導磁材組裝後的釹鐵硼磁石內部的磁導係數(Pc)值會發生變化。請參閱圖1A及圖1B，其係磁石120與導磁材110貼合之磁性組件100中，磁石120內部磁導係數分布的模擬示意圖。磁石120之第一表面122係貼合導磁材，其在邊界區域120a具有較高的磁導係數值，但在逐漸遠離導磁材，例如在與第一表面122相對的第二表面124處的區域120b及120c，其磁導係數值漸減。直到接近第二表面的中心區域120d，其磁導係數值最小。特別地，如圖1B所示，若由磁石120內部觀之，其側部亦是屬於區域120b，而角落則是具有較高磁導係數值的區域120a。由於磁導係數值較低的位置可能造成工作點位置落在「不可逆磁損」的區域範圍內，故本發明提供之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法可用以提升磁石之第二表面124的磁導係數。Since NdFeB magnets can be used in motor rotors or related magnetic components, this application must assemble the magnets with magnetically permeable materials (such as electromagnetic steel sheets or ferroalloy components). However, the permeability coefficient (Pc) value inside the NdFeB magnet after being assembled with the magnetic permeable material will change. Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , which are schematic diagrams illustrating the distribution of the magnetic permeability inside the magnet 120 in the magnetic assembly 100 in which the magnet 120 and the magnetic permeable material 110 are bonded together. The first surface 122 of the magnet 120 is pasted with a magnetically permeable material, which has a higher permeability value in the boundary region 120a, but gradually moves away from the magnetically permeable material, such as at the second surface 124 opposite to the first surface 122 In the regions 120b and 120c, the values of the permeability coefficients decrease gradually. Until close to the central region 120d of the second surface, its permeability value is the smallest. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1B , if viewed from the inside of the magnet 120 , its sides also belong to the region 120 b , while the corners belong to the region 120 a with a higher permeability value. Since the location with a low permeability coefficient value may cause the working point to fall within the range of "irreversible magnetic loss", the manufacturing method of the high temperature resistant magnetic component provided by the present invention can be used to improve the magnetic permeability of the second surface 124 of the magnet coefficient.

請參閱圖1A及圖2，其係繪示根據本發明一些實施例之耐高溫磁性組件之製造方法200的流程圖。首先，進行操作210，貼合磁石120之第一表面122在導磁材上。在一些實施例中，磁石120包含釹鐵硼合金材料。在一些實施例中，釹鐵硼合金材料包含26 wt%至31 wt%的釹、0 wt%至8 wt%的鏑、1 wt%至3 wt%的鈷、0 wt%至0.3 wt%的銅、0 wt%至0.3 wt%的鈮、0.8 wt%至1.2 wt%的硼以及平衡量的鐵。在前述實施例中，釹鐵硼合金材料亦可選擇性地包含鋯、鋅、錳及/或鉻。Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 , which are flowcharts illustrating a manufacturing method 200 of a high temperature resistant magnetic component according to some embodiments of the present invention. First, proceed to operation 210 , attaching the first surface 122 of the magnet 120 on the magnetic permeable material. In some embodiments, the magnet 120 includes a neodymium-iron-boron alloy material. In some embodiments, the NdFeB alloy material comprises 26 wt% to 31 wt% of neodymium, 0 wt% to 8 wt% of dysprosium, 1 wt% to 3 wt% of cobalt, 0 wt% to 0.3 wt% of Copper, 0 wt% to 0.3 wt% niobium, 0.8 wt% to 1.2 wt% boron and balance iron. In the foregoing embodiments, the NdFeB alloy material may optionally include zirconium, zinc, manganese and/or chromium.

在一些實施例中，磁石係藉由依序對釹鐵硼合金材料進行氫碎步驟、氣流粉碎步驟、磁場配向步驟、燒結步驟及熱處理步驟所製得。在一具體例中，氫碎步驟包含在氬氣保護下，對釹鐵硼合金材料施加1.95 kgf/cm 2的吸氫壓力，並維持2小時，然後維持550℃的脫氫溫度1小時，以使釹鐵硼合金材料因吸氫，造成體積膨脹，並導致鑄錠破裂。接著，在一具體例中，氣流粉碎步驟係在0.4 MPa至0.8 MPa的氣體壓力下，利用分級輪以4000 rpm至9000 rpm的轉速進行粉碎篩選。磁場配向步驟係為了使所製得之釹鐵硼合金材料皆具有一致的磁力方向。在一具體例中，可施加外加磁場來進行磁場配向步驟。在一具體例中，燒結步驟係在真空條件下，以900℃至1100℃進行4至10小時。以前述溫度及時間進行燒結步驟可使磁石更加緻密，且可使晶粒成長為適當尺寸，並具有均勻的粒徑。在一具體例中，熱處理步驟是在真空條件下，以450℃至550℃進行2至5小時的熱處理。前述條件的熱處理步驟可使晶界平滑且具有較少的晶界缺陷。本發明不限於使用前述製造方法來獲得磁石。另外，在熱處理步驟後，可選擇性地對磁石進行加工研磨，以獲得具有特定形狀的磁石，例如瓦形磁石，但本發明並不限於此。 In some embodiments, the magnet is obtained by sequentially performing the steps of hydrogen crushing, jet crushing, magnetic field alignment, sintering and heat treatment on the NdFeB alloy material. In a specific example, the hydrogen crushing step includes applying a hydrogen absorption pressure of 1.95 kgf/ cm2 to the NdFeB alloy material under the protection of argon, and maintaining it for 2 hours, and then maintaining a dehydrogenation temperature of 550 ° C for 1 hour, to The volume expansion of the NdFeB alloy material due to hydrogen absorption causes the ingot to break. Next, in a specific example, the airflow pulverization step is to perform pulverization and screening at a gas pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.8 MPa using a classification wheel at a speed of 4000 rpm to 9000 rpm. The magnetic field alignment step is to make the obtained NdFeB alloy materials have consistent magnetic direction. In one embodiment, an external magnetic field can be applied to perform the magnetic field alignment step. In one embodiment, the sintering step is performed at 900° C. to 1100° C. for 4 to 10 hours under vacuum condition. Carrying out the sintering step at the aforementioned temperature and time can make the magnet more dense and allow the crystal grains to grow to a proper size and have a uniform grain size. In a specific example, the heat treatment step is to conduct heat treatment at 450° C. to 550° C. for 2 to 5 hours under vacuum condition. The heat treatment step of the aforementioned conditions can make the grain boundaries smooth and have less grain boundary defects. The invention is not limited to the use of the aforementioned manufacturing methods to obtain magnets. In addition, after the heat treatment step, the magnetite can be optionally processed and ground to obtain a magnetite with a specific shape, such as a tile-shaped magnetite, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

接著，進行操作220，噴塗合金粉體於磁石120之第二表面124，以獲得磁性組件。舉例而言，如上述參照圖1A及圖1B的說明，當磁石120貼合在導磁材110上時，未貼合之第二表面124 (即遠離導磁材之表面)具有相對較低的磁導係數值，故操作220可選擇對磁石120未貼合之第二表面124噴塗合金粉體。在一些實施例中，合金粉體係噴塗於第二表面124的中心區域。具體而言，前述中心區域與第二表面124之面積比值係不小於1/3。在一些實施例中，前述中心區域與此表面之面積比值為1/3至1。換言之，可選擇性地僅針對在第二表面124上磁導係數值較低的區域噴塗合金粉體，以提高磁石120之部分區域的本質矯頑磁力值。因此，可減少合金粉體的使用量，以降低製程成本。Next, proceed to operation 220 , spray alloy powder on the second surface 124 of the magnet 120 to obtain a magnetic component. For example, as described above with reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, when the magnet 120 is attached to the magnetically permeable material 110, the unattached second surface 124 (that is, the surface away from the magnetically permeable material) has a relatively low Therefore, the operation 220 may choose to spray alloy powder on the unattached second surface 124 of the magnet 120 . In some embodiments, the alloy powder system is sprayed on the central area of the second surface 124 . Specifically, the area ratio of the aforementioned central region to the second surface 124 is not less than 1/3. In some embodiments, the area ratio of the aforementioned central region to the surface is 1/3 to 1. In other words, the alloy powder can be selectively sprayed only on the area of the second surface 124 where the magnetic permeability is low, so as to increase the intrinsic coercive force of the partial area of the magnet 120 . Therefore, the usage amount of the alloy powder can be reduced to reduce the process cost.

在一些實施例中，合金粉體包含鋱、鈷及銅。在一些具體例中，合金粉體包含10原子%至70原子%的鋱、5原子%至20原子%的鈷及5原子%至20原子%的銅。在前述具體例中，合金粉體可選擇性地包含不大於20原子%的鏑、鎵、鈦、釹及/或鋁。在一些實施例中，合金粉體之平均粒徑為1 μm至10 μm。使用具有前述平均粒徑的合金粉體噴塗於磁石可使合金粉體較易均勻塗覆在磁石之第二表面，以使後續製得之耐高溫磁性組件中的釹鐵硼磁石在第二表面可具有較高的本質矯頑磁力值。In some embodiments, the alloy powder includes uranium, cobalt and copper. In some embodiments, the alloy powder includes 10 atomic % to 70 atomic % of uranium, 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of cobalt, and 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of copper. In the aforementioned specific example, the alloy powder may optionally contain dysprosium, gallium, titanium, neodymium and/or aluminum not greater than 20 atomic %. In some embodiments, the alloy powder has an average particle size of 1 μm to 10 μm. Spraying the alloy powder with the above-mentioned average particle size on the magnet can make it easier for the alloy powder to be evenly coated on the second surface of the magnet, so that the NdFeB magnet in the high-temperature resistant magnetic component manufactured later can be on the second surface Can have a higher intrinsic coercive force value.

然後，進行操作230，對磁性組件進行真空熱處理，以獲得耐高溫磁性組件。在一些實施例中，真空熱處理之真空度為1×10 -5torr至5×10 -5torr。在一些實施例中，真空熱處理係在900℃進行5至6小時，來進行晶界擴散。當真空熱處理之真空度、溫度及處理時間為前述之範圍時，部分晶界可液化，而使合金粉體可有效地沿著晶界擴散至磁石內部，並由晶界擴散入晶粒表層，故可有效地提升磁石的磁特性。 Then, proceed to operation 230 to perform vacuum heat treatment on the magnetic component to obtain a high temperature resistant magnetic component. In some embodiments, the vacuum degree of the vacuum heat treatment is 1×10 -5 torr to 5×10 -5 torr. In some embodiments, the vacuum heat treatment is performed at 900° C. for 5 to 6 hours to effect grain boundary diffusion. When the vacuum degree, temperature and processing time of the vacuum heat treatment are within the aforementioned range, part of the grain boundary can be liquefied, so that the alloy powder can effectively diffuse along the grain boundary to the inside of the magnet, and diffuse from the grain boundary into the surface layer of the grain. Therefore, the magnetic properties of the magnet can be effectively improved.

藉由方法200所獲得之耐高溫磁性組件，可使其中的釹鐵硼磁石之工作點(working point)落在「可逆磁損」範圍內，故可避免或改善磁石的退磁或磁衰退的問題。補充說明的是，工作點係指工作線與磁滯曲線的交點，並指出磁鐵在工作環境下的磁通量密度及磁場強度。以下利用圖3進行說明。一般而言，磁石在溫度升高後，再降低溫度時磁力若可恢復到起始溫度時的數值，則表示其工作點係落在「可逆磁損」範圍內；反之，若磁力值無法恢復到原本的數值，則表示其工作點係落在「不可逆磁損」範圍內。The high-temperature-resistant magnetic component obtained by the method 200 can make the working point of the NdFeB magnet fall within the range of "reversible magnetic loss", so the problem of demagnetization or magnetic decay of the magnet can be avoided or improved . It is added that the working point refers to the intersection of the working line and the hysteresis curve, and indicates the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength of the magnet in the working environment. Hereinafter, it demonstrates using FIG. 3. FIG. Generally speaking, if the magnetic force of the magnet can be restored to the value at the initial temperature after the temperature is raised, and then lowered, it means that its operating point falls within the range of "reversible magnetic loss"; otherwise, if the magnetic force value cannot be restored If it reaches the original value, it means that its operating point falls within the range of "irreversible magnetic loss".

請參閱圖3，圖3係本發明一些實施例中磁石的磁滯曲線圖，其中橫軸為磁場強度(magnetic field intensity)(H)，縱軸為磁通量密度(magnetic flux density)(B)。工作線W1係高磁導係數值的工作線；工作線W2係低磁導係數值的工作線。磁滯曲線310係具有較低本質矯頑磁力值之磁石的磁滯曲線；而磁滯曲線320係具有較高本質矯頑磁力值之磁石的磁滯曲線。須理解的是，由磁滯曲線圖可看出磁石的本質矯頑磁力值、殘留磁束密度(remanance，B r)及最大磁能積值[(BH) max]。本質矯頑磁力值是使材料的感應磁化量降為零時，所需外加之反向磁場的大小，故圖3之磁滯曲線310和320與橫軸的交點即為各磁石之本質矯頑磁力值。殘留磁束密度係材料經過充磁，並將外加磁場移除(即外加磁場為零)後，材料所殘留的磁束密度或磁化量，故磁滯曲線310和320與縱軸的交點即為各磁石之殘留磁束密度。最大磁能積值係單位體積所儲存之最大靜磁能，其等於各磁石之磁滯曲線310與320中，磁化強度(B)與外加磁場(H)之乘積的最大值。 Please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a hysteresis curve diagram of magnets in some embodiments of the present invention, wherein the horizontal axis is the magnetic field intensity (magnetic field intensity) (H), and the vertical axis is the magnetic flux density (magnetic flux density) (B). The working line W1 is a working line with a high magnetic permeability value; the working line W2 is a working line with a low magnetic permeability value. Hysteresis curve 310 is a hysteresis curve for a magnet with a lower intrinsic coercivity value; and hysteresis curve 320 is a hysteresis curve for a magnet with a higher intrinsic coercivity value. It should be understood that the intrinsic coercive force value, residual magnetic flux density (remanance, B r ) and maximum energy product value [(BH) max ] of the magnet can be seen from the hysteresis curve diagram. The essential coercive force value is the size of the reverse magnetic field required to reduce the induced magnetization of the material to zero. Therefore, the intersection points of the hysteresis curves 310 and 320 in Figure 3 and the horizontal axis are the essential coercive forces of each magnet. Magnetic value. The residual magnetic flux density refers to the residual magnetic flux density or magnetization of the material after the material is magnetized and the external magnetic field is removed (that is, the external magnetic field is zero). Therefore, the intersection points of the hysteresis curves 310 and 320 and the vertical axis are the magnets The residual magnetic flux density. The maximum magnetic energy product value is the maximum magnetostatic energy stored per unit volume, which is equal to the maximum value of the product of the magnetization (B) and the applied magnetic field (H) in the hysteresis curves 310 and 320 of each magnet.

判定工作點之磁力特性的方法是，若磁滯曲線與工作線的交點是在磁滯曲線的線性區，則為「可逆磁損」範圍；若磁滯曲線與工作線的交點是在磁滯曲線的膝點以下，則為「不可逆磁損」範圍。據此，雖然磁滯曲線310與工作線W1的交點A是在磁滯曲線的線性區(「可逆磁損」範圍)，但磁滯曲線310與工作線W2的交點B是在磁滯曲線310的膝點以下，故具有磁滯曲線310的磁石之工作點可能落在「不可逆磁損」範圍內。磁滯曲線320與工作線W1的交點A及其與工作線W2的交點C皆是在磁滯曲線320的線性區，故具有磁滯曲線320的磁石無論在高或低磁導係數值都可使工作點在「可逆磁損」範圍內。一般而言，只要磁石的本質矯頑磁力值較大(例如大於或等於20 kOe)，則磁石的工作點通常較易落在「可逆磁損」範圍內。The method of judging the magnetic characteristics of the working point is, if the intersection point of the hysteresis curve and the working line is in the linear region of the hysteresis curve, it is in the range of "reversible magnetic loss"; if the intersection point of the hysteresis curve and the working line is in the hysteresis Below the knee point of the curve is the range of "irreversible magnetic loss". Accordingly, although the intersection A of the hysteresis curve 310 and the working line W1 is in the linear region of the hysteresis curve ("reversible magnetic loss" range), the intersection B of the hysteresis curve 310 and the working line W2 is in the hysteresis curve 310 Below the knee point of , so the operating point of the magnet with the hysteresis curve 310 may fall within the range of "irreversible magnetic loss". The intersection A of the hysteresis curve 320 and the working line W1 and the intersection C of the working line W2 are both in the linear region of the hysteresis curve 320, so the magnet with the hysteresis curve 320 can be used no matter in high or low permeability values. Make the working point within the range of "reversible magnetic loss". Generally speaking, as long as the intrinsic coercive force of the magnet is large (for example, greater than or equal to 20 kOe), the working point of the magnet is usually easier to fall within the range of "reversible magnetic loss".

以下利用數個實施例以說明本發明之應用，然其並非用以限定本發明，本發明技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾。 實施例1 Several examples are used below to illustrate the application of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. retouch. Example 1

提供釹鐵硼合金材料，其成分為26.5 wt%的釹、4.5 wt%的鏑、2 wt%的鈷、0.2 wt%的銅、0.25 wt%的鈮、1 wt%的硼以及平衡量的鐵。對釹鐵硼合金材料進行氫碎、氣流粉碎、磁場配向成形、燒結、熱處理及加工研磨後，以製得瓦形磁石。NdFeB alloy materials are available with a composition of 26.5 wt% neodymium, 4.5 wt% dysprosium, 2 wt% cobalt, 0.2 wt% copper, 0.25 wt% niobium, 1 wt% boron and the balance of iron . The NdFeB alloy material is subjected to hydrogen crushing, airflow crushing, magnetic field alignment forming, sintering, heat treatment, processing and grinding to obtain tile-shaped magnets.

接著，以成分為70原子%的鋱、15原子%的鈷及15原子%的銅且平均粒徑為約1 μm至約10μm的合金粉體噴塗於瓦形磁石之外表面上。須理解的是，瓦形磁石係以內表面貼合在導磁材上，故瓦形磁石之外表面會具有相對較低的磁導係數值。然後，將表面沾覆合金粉體的磁石置入真空處理爐中，設定真空度為5×10 -5torr，並以900℃進行6小時的熱處理。所得之釹鐵硼磁石的外表面可具有13.2 kG的殘留磁束密度、28.1 kOe的本質矯頑磁力值及41.7 MGOe的最大磁能積值。 實施例2 Next, spray-coat the outer surface of the tile-shaped magnet with an alloy powder with a composition of 70 atomic percent uranium, 15 atomic percent cobalt, and 15 atomic percent copper with an average particle size of about 1 μm to about 10 μm. It should be understood that the inner surface of the tile-shaped magnet is attached to the magnetically permeable material, so the outer surface of the tile-shaped magnet will have a relatively low permeability value. Then, put the magnet with the alloy powder coated on its surface into a vacuum treatment furnace, set the degree of vacuum at 5×10 −5 torr, and perform heat treatment at 900° C. for 6 hours. The outer surface of the obtained NdFeB magnet can have a residual magnetic flux density of 13.2 kG, an intrinsic coercivity value of 28.1 kOe and a maximum energy product value of 41.7 MGOe. Example 2

採用相同於實施例1的製程來製造實施例2之瓦形磁石，惟所使用之釹鐵硼合金材料含有30.5 wt%的釹、2 wt%的鈷、0.2 wt%的銅、0.25 wt%的鈮、1 wt%的硼以及平衡量的鐵。Using the same process as in Example 1 to manufacture the tile-shaped magnet of Example 2, but the NdFeB alloy material used contains 30.5 wt% of neodymium, 2 wt% of cobalt, 0.2 wt% of copper, 0.25 wt% of Niobium, 1 wt% boron and balance iron.

然後，相同於實施例1之製備方法，噴塗含有20原子%的鋱、20原子%的鏑、10原子%的鈷、15原子%的銅、15原子%的鎵、10原子%的鈦及10原子%的鈮之合金粉體，並進行真空熱處理，但將真空熱處理的時間改成5小時。所得之釹鐵硼磁石的外表面可具有13.8 kG的殘留磁束密度、21.3 kOe的本質矯頑磁力值及45.1 MGOe的最大磁能積值。 實施例3 Then, the same as the preparation method of Example 1, spray coating containing 20 atomic % of uranium, 20 atomic % of dysprosium, 10 atomic % of cobalt, 15 atomic % of copper, 15 atomic % of gallium, 10 atomic % of titanium and 10 Atomic % niobium alloy powder, and vacuum heat treatment, but the time of vacuum heat treatment was changed to 5 hours. The outer surface of the obtained NdFeB magnet can have a residual magnetic flux density of 13.8 kG, an intrinsic coercivity value of 21.3 kOe and a maximum energy product value of 45.1 MGOe. Example 3

材料及製程同實施例2，除了合金粉體僅噴塗於磁石外表面之中心區域(約外表面面積的1/3區域)。所得之釹鐵硼磁石之外表面具有13.7 kG的殘留磁束密度、20.4 kOe的本質矯頑磁力值及44.2 MGOe的最大磁能積值。 比較例1 The materials and process are the same as in Example 2, except that the alloy powder is only sprayed on the central area of the outer surface of the magnet (approximately 1/3 area of the outer surface area). The outer surface of the obtained NdFeB magnet has a residual magnetic flux density of 13.7 kG, an intrinsic coercivity value of 20.4 kOe and a maximum energy product value of 44.2 MGOe. Comparative example 1

比較例1即為實施例1所製得的瓦形磁石，其具有13.3 kG的殘留磁束密度、19.2 kOe的本質矯頑磁力值及42.6 MGOe的最大磁能積值。 比較例2 Comparative Example 1 is the tile-shaped magnet prepared in Example 1, which has a residual magnetic flux density of 13.3 kG, an intrinsic coercive force of 19.2 kOe, and a maximum energy product of 42.6 MGOe. Comparative example 2

比較例2即為實施例2所製得的瓦形磁石，其具有13.9 kG的殘留磁束密度、14.3 kOe的本質矯頑磁力值及45.5 MGOe的最大磁能積值。Comparative Example 2 is the tile-shaped magnet prepared in Example 2, which has a residual magnetic flux density of 13.9 kG, an intrinsic coercive force of 14.3 kOe, and a maximum energy product of 45.5 MGOe.

根據上述，相較於未噴塗合金粉體的比較例1及比較例2，以本發明之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，利用合金粉體噴塗磁石表面的方法可使殘留磁束密度及最大磁能積值與未噴塗合金粉體時相近，且確實可提高磁石表面的本質矯頑磁力值，以使工作點落在「可逆磁損」範圍內。再者，由實施例3可知，僅將合金粉體噴塗於磁石表面之中心區域，即可有效達成提高磁石表面的本質矯頑磁力值。According to the above, compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 without spraying alloy powder, with the manufacturing method of high temperature resistant magnetic components of the present invention, the method of spraying the surface of the magnet with alloy powder can make the residual magnetic flux density and the maximum magnetic energy product The value is similar to that of the unsprayed alloy powder, and it can indeed increase the intrinsic coercive force value of the magnet surface so that the working point falls within the "reversible magnetic loss" range. Furthermore, it can be seen from Example 3 that the intrinsic coercive force of the magnet surface can be effectively improved only by spraying the alloy powder on the central area of the magnet surface.

因此，本發明之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法由於僅須對磁石之至少部分表面噴塗合金粉體，即可使特定區域有效提高本質矯頑磁力值，故大幅減少了稀土元素或重稀土元素的使用量，以達到減少材料成本的功效。Therefore, the manufacturing method of the high-temperature-resistant magnetic component of the present invention only needs to spray alloy powder on at least part of the surface of the magnet, so that the specific area can effectively increase the intrinsic coercive force value, so the concentration of rare earth elements or heavy rare earth elements is greatly reduced. Usage amount, in order to achieve the effect of reducing material cost.

雖然本發明已以數個實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，在本發明所屬技術領域中任何具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with several embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Changes and modifications, so the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the appended patent application.

100:磁性組件 110:導磁材 120:磁石 120a,120b,120c,120d:區域 122:第一表面 124:第二表面 200:方法 210,220,230:操作 310,320:磁滯曲線 W1,W2:工作線 A,B,C:交點 100: Magnetic components 110: Magnetic material 120: magnet 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d: area 122: first surface 124: second surface 200: method 210, 220, 230: Operation 310,320: Hysteresis curve W1, W2: working line A,B,C: Intersection

根據以下詳細說明並配合附圖閱讀，使本揭露的態樣獲致較佳的理解。需注意的是，如同業界的標準作法，許多特徵並不是按照比例繪示的。事實上，為了進行清楚討論，許多特徵的尺寸可以經過任意縮放。 [圖1A]及[圖1B] 係本發明一些實施例磁石與導磁材貼合之磁石內部磁導係數分布的模擬示意圖。 [圖2]係繪示根據本發明一些實施例之耐高溫磁性組件之製造方法的流程圖。 [圖3]係繪示本發明一些實施例中磁石的磁滯曲線圖。 According to the following detailed description and reading together with the accompanying drawings, the aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood. It is to be noted that, as is the standard practice in the industry, many features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of many of the features are arbitrarily scaled for clarity of discussion. [FIG. 1A] and [FIG. 1B] are simulation schematic diagrams of the distribution of the internal permeability of the magnet in some embodiments of the present invention where the magnet is bonded to the magnetic material. [ FIG. 2 ] is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component according to some embodiments of the present invention. [ Fig. 3 ] is a diagram showing hysteresis curves of magnets in some embodiments of the present invention.

國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 Domestic deposit information (please note in order of depositor, date, and number) none Overseas storage information (please note in order of storage country, institution, date, and number) none

200:方法 200: method

210,220,230:操作 210, 220, 230: Operation

Claims (10)

一種耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，包括： 貼合一磁石之一第一表面在一導磁材上，並噴塗一合金粉體於該磁石之一第二表面，以獲得一磁性組件，其中該第二表面相對於該第一表面，該合金粉體包含鋱、鈷及銅，且該磁石包含釹鐵硼合金材料； 對該磁性組件進行一真空熱處理，以獲得該耐高溫磁性組件。 A method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component, comprising: bonding a first surface of a magnet on a magnetically permeable material, and spraying an alloy powder on a second surface of the magnet to obtain a magnetic component, wherein the second surface is opposite to the first surface, the The alloy powder contains uranium, cobalt and copper, and the magnet contains neodymium-iron-boron alloy material; A vacuum heat treatment is performed on the magnetic component to obtain the high temperature resistant magnetic component. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該釹鐵硼合金材料包含： 26 wt%至31 wt%的釹； 0 wt%至8 wt%的鏑； 1 wt%至3 wt%的鈷； 0 wt%至0.3 wt%的銅； 0 wt%至0.3 wt%的鈮； 0.8 wt%至1.2 wt%的硼；以及 平衡量的鐵。 The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component as described in Claim 1, wherein the NdFeB alloy material comprises: 26 wt% to 31 wt% neodymium; 0 wt% to 8 wt% dysprosium; 1 wt% to 3 wt% cobalt; 0 wt% to 0.3 wt% copper; 0 wt% to 0.3 wt% niobium; 0.8 wt% to 1.2 wt% boron; and Balanced amount of iron. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該合金粉體係噴塗於該表面之一中心區域。The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alloy powder system is sprayed on a central area of the surface. 如請求項3所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該中心區域與該表面之一面積比值係不小於1/3。The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component as claimed in claim 3, wherein the area ratio of the central region to the surface is not less than 1/3. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該合金粉體之一平均粒徑為1 μm至10μm。The method for manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant magnetic component according to Claim 1, wherein an average particle size of the alloy powder is 1 μm to 10 μm. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該合金粉體包含10原子%至70原子%的鋱、5原子%至20原子%的鈷及5原子%至20原子%的銅。The method for manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant magnetic component as claimed in item 1, wherein the alloy powder contains 10 atomic % to 70 atomic % of uranium, 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of cobalt, and 5 atomic % to 20 atomic % of copper . 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該合金粉體更包含不大於20原子%的鏑、鎵、鈦、釹及/或鋁。The method for manufacturing a high-temperature resistant magnetic component according to claim 1, wherein the alloy powder further contains not more than 20 atomic % of dysprosium, gallium, titanium, neodymium and/or aluminum. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該真空熱處理係在900℃進行5至6小時。The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum heat treatment is carried out at 900° C. for 5 to 6 hours. 如請求項1所述之耐高溫磁性組件的製造方法，其中該真空熱處理之一真空度為1×10 -5torr至5×10 -5torr。 The method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant magnetic component as claimed in Claim 1, wherein a vacuum degree of the vacuum heat treatment is 1×10 -5 torr to 5×10 -5 torr. 一種耐高溫磁性組件，係由請求項1至9中之任一項所述之製造方法所製得。A high temperature resistant magnetic component is produced by the manufacturing method described in any one of Claims 1 to 9.
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