TWI799080B - System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof - Google Patents
System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI799080B TWI799080B TW111101564A TW111101564A TWI799080B TW I799080 B TWI799080 B TW I799080B TW 111101564 A TW111101564 A TW 111101564A TW 111101564 A TW111101564 A TW 111101564A TW I799080 B TWI799080 B TW I799080B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- gas
- storage tank
- pressure
- output
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種發電系統及其控制方法，特別是關於一種利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統及其控制方法。The present invention relates to a power generation system and its control method, in particular to a system and its control method for generating electricity using gas and steam.
一般轉爐煉鋼製程中，所產生的轉爐氣（LDG）經回收之後先收集至轉爐氣儲槽，再由轉爐氣儲槽的液位高低決定轉爐氣的輸出量，轉爐氣輸出之後注入高爐氣（BFG）管形成混合氣供動力場及煉焦爐使用，由於轉爐氣與高爐氣的熱值不同，而且轉爐為批次生產，因此轉爐氣產量會影響兩者混合之後的熱值。另外，轉爐煉鋼製程同時設置有廢熱回收鍋爐，轉爐氣產出時，初始溫度高達攝氏1450度，透過廢熱鍋爐（Off-Gas Boiler）設備將轉爐氣冷卻同時產生中壓蒸汽，先送至蒸汽蓄壓槽（Accumulator），再依槽壓控制輸出的蒸汽量。即，轉爐生產時同時產出轉爐氣與中壓蒸汽，並分別輸出至燃氣管與蒸汽管，此時動力場要接受混合氣熱值波動，也要接受中壓蒸汽產量波動，造成動力場在操作上的不穩定。In the general converter steelmaking process, the generated converter gas (LDG) is collected into the converter gas storage tank after recovery, and then the output of the converter gas is determined by the liquid level of the converter gas storage tank, and the blast furnace gas is injected after the converter gas is exported. (BFG) tubes form a mixed gas for the power field and coke oven. Since the calorific value of converter gas and blast furnace gas is different, and the converter is produced in batches, the output of converter gas will affect the calorific value after the two are mixed. In addition, the converter steelmaking process is also equipped with a waste heat recovery boiler. When the converter gas is produced, the initial temperature is as high as 1450 degrees Celsius. The converter gas is cooled by the off-gas boiler (Off-Gas Boiler) equipment to generate medium-pressure steam, which is first sent to the steam Accumulator, and then control the output steam volume according to the tank pressure. That is to say, converter gas and medium-pressure steam are produced simultaneously during converter production, and are output to gas pipes and steam pipes respectively. Operational instability.
也就是說，轉爐氣的利用方法為注入高爐氣管形成混合氧氣供動力場的鍋爐等設備使用，由於轉爐氣與高爐氣的熱值不同，而且轉爐為批次生產，因此轉爐氣產量影響高爐氣及轉爐氣兩者混合後的熱值。而且，轉爐的場所產出的轉爐氣若距離動力場較近，其熱值的波動會直接影響鍋爐的操作，另外，在轉爐氣產出時，同時藉由廢熱鍋爐產出的中壓蒸汽輸出至蒸汽管，因此動力場操作將同時遭遇高爐氣及轉爐氣兩者混合的燃氣與蒸汽的波動，使得動力場的鍋爐經常受到不穩定的波動干擾，造成鍋爐操作及調整上的困難。That is to say, the utilization method of converter gas is to inject blast furnace gas pipes to form mixed oxygen to power boilers and other equipment used in the power field. Since the calorific value of converter gas and blast furnace gas is different, and the converter is produced in batches, the output of converter gas affects blast furnace gas. and the calorific value of the mixture of converter gas and converter gas. Moreover, if the converter gas produced by the converter is close to the power field, the fluctuation of its calorific value will directly affect the operation of the boiler. In addition, when the converter gas is produced, the medium-pressure steam produced by the waste heat boiler is output at the same time. To the steam pipe, the operation of the power field will encounter the fluctuation of gas and steam mixed with blast furnace gas and converter gas at the same time, so that the boiler in the power field is often disturbed by unstable fluctuations, resulting in difficulties in boiler operation and adjustment.
因此，為克服現有技術中的缺點和不足，本發明有必要提供改良的一種利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統及其控制方法，以解決上述習用技術所存在的問題。Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, it is necessary for the present invention to provide an improved system for generating electricity using gas and steam and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned conventional technologies.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統及其控制方法，利用轉爐的批次生產資料來進行計算，以獲得燃氣的熱值預測值以及蒸汽的輸出量預測值，來調整鍋爐的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量，藉此降低該鍋爐受到燃氣或蒸汽的不穩定波動干擾的機會。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for generating electricity using gas and steam and its control method. The batch production data of the converter is used for calculation to obtain the predicted value of the calorific value of the gas and the predicted value of the steam output. Adjust the gas consumption and steam production of the boiler, thereby reducing the chance of the boiler being disturbed by unstable fluctuations of gas or steam.
為達上述之目的，本發明提供一種利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統，包括一煉鋼單元、一儲存單元、一發電單元、一管網單元以及一控制單元，其中該煉鋼單元包含多個轉爐，每一個轉爐配置為容置鋼液來進行煉鋼，並且在過程中產生轉爐氣及蒸汽；該儲存單元包含一轉爐氣儲槽及一蒸汽蓄壓槽，其中該轉爐氣儲槽配置為儲存該轉爐氣，該蒸汽蓄壓槽配置為儲存該蒸汽；該發電單元包含一鍋爐及一汽輪機，該鍋爐配置為經加熱來驅動該汽輪機產生電力；該管網單元包含一燃氣管網及一中壓蒸汽管網，其中該燃氣管網連通於該轉爐氣儲槽及該鍋爐之間，該中壓蒸汽管網連通於該蒸汽蓄壓槽及該汽輪機之間，其中該燃氣管網輸出至該鍋爐的燃氣會對該鍋爐進行加熱；該控制單元依據該等轉爐的批次生產資料，計算該燃氣管網輸出至該鍋爐的燃氣的一熱值預測值，以及該蒸汽蓄壓槽輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網的蒸汽的一輸出量預測值，再利用該燃氣的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽的輸出量預測值來調整該鍋爐的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量。To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a system for generating electricity using gas and steam, including a steelmaking unit, a storage unit, a power generation unit, a pipe network unit and a control unit, wherein the steelmaking unit includes a plurality of Converter, each converter is configured to accommodate molten steel for steelmaking, and generate converter gas and steam in the process; the storage unit includes a converter gas storage tank and a steam pressure storage tank, wherein the converter gas storage tank is configured as The converter gas is stored, the steam pressure storage tank is configured to store the steam; the power generation unit includes a boiler and a steam turbine, and the boiler is configured to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity through heating; the pipe network unit includes a gas pipe network and a Medium-pressure steam pipe network, wherein the gas pipe network is connected between the converter gas storage tank and the boiler, and the medium-pressure steam pipe network is connected between the steam pressure storage tank and the steam turbine, wherein the gas pipe network is output to The gas of the boiler will heat the boiler; the control unit calculates a calorific value prediction value of the gas output from the gas pipeline network to the boiler based on the batch production data of the converters, and the steam pressure storage tank A predicted output value of the steam output to the medium-pressure steam pipe network, and then use the predicted calorific value of the gas and the predicted output value of the steam to adjust the gas consumption and steam output of the boiler.
在本發明之一實施例中，該燃氣管網還連通至少一高爐，該高爐會產生高爐氣，該燃氣為該高爐氣與該轉爐氣相混合的混合氣體。In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas pipeline network is also connected to at least one blast furnace, and the blast furnace produces blast furnace gas, which is a mixed gas of the blast furnace gas and the converter gas.
在本發明之一實施例中，該系統另包含一液位感測器，該液位感測器設置在該轉爐氣儲槽上，用以感測該轉爐氣儲槽的一儲槽液位高度，並且根據該儲槽液位高度對該燃氣的該熱值預測值進行校正。In one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor is arranged on the converter gas storage tank, and is used for sensing a storage tank liquid level of the converter gas storage tank height, and correct the predicted value of the calorific value of the gas according to the liquid level of the storage tank.
在本發明之一實施例中，該系統另包含多個液位感測器，該等液位感測器分別感測該轉爐氣儲槽的多個液位高度的範圍。In an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a plurality of liquid level sensors, and the liquid level sensors respectively sense ranges of a plurality of liquid level heights of the converter gas storage tank.
在本發明之一實施例中，該系統另包含一壓力感測器，該壓力感測器設置在該蒸汽蓄壓槽上，用以感測該蒸汽蓄壓槽的一蓄壓槽壓力，並且根據該蓄壓槽壓力對該蒸汽的輸出量預測值進行校正。In one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is arranged on the steam pressure storage tank, and is used for sensing a pressure storage tank pressure of the steam pressure storage tank, and The predicted value of the steam output is corrected according to the accumulator pressure.
為達上述之目的，本發明提供一種利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的控制方法，包括一備置步驟、一熱值預測步驟、一蒸汽輸出量預測步驟以及一鍋爐調整步驟，在該備置步驟中，獲取一煉鋼單元的多個轉爐的批次生產資料；在該熱值預測步驟中，利用該批次生產資料計算一燃氣管網輸出至一鍋爐的燃氣的一熱值預測值，其中該燃氣管網連通於一轉爐氣儲槽及該鍋爐之間，該轉爐氣儲槽配置為儲存該等轉爐所產生的轉爐氣；在該蒸汽輸出量預測步驟中，利用該批次生產資料計算一蒸汽蓄壓槽輸出至一中壓蒸汽管網的蒸汽的一輸出量預測值，其中該中壓蒸汽管網連通於該蒸汽蓄壓槽及該汽輪機之間，該蒸汽蓄壓槽配置為儲存該等轉爐所產生的蒸汽；在該鍋爐調整步驟中，利用該燃氣的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽的輸出量預測值來調整該鍋爐的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量。To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a control method for a system utilizing gas and steam to generate electricity, including a preparation step, a calorific value prediction step, a steam output prediction step and a boiler adjustment step, in the preparation step , to obtain the batch production data of multiple converters of a steelmaking unit; in the calorific value prediction step, use the batch production data to calculate a calorific value prediction value of the gas output from a gas pipeline network to a boiler, wherein The gas pipeline network is connected between a converter gas storage tank and the boiler, and the converter gas storage tank is configured to store the converter gas produced by the converters; in the steam output prediction step, the batch production data is used to calculate A predicted output value of steam output from a steam pressure storage tank to a medium-pressure steam pipeline network, wherein the medium-pressure steam pipeline network is connected between the steam pressure storage tank and the steam turbine, and the steam pressure storage tank is configured to store The steam produced by the converters; in the boiler adjustment step, using the predicted value of the calorific value of the gas and the predicted output of the steam to adjust the gas consumption and steam output of the boiler.
在本發明之一實施例中，在該熱值預測步驟中，先由該批次生產資料計算一儲槽液位預測值，接著由該儲槽液位預測值計算一轉爐氣輸出量預測值，最後由該轉爐氣輸出量預測值計算該燃氣管網輸出至該鍋爐的燃氣的該熱值預測值。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the calorific value prediction step, a predicted value of the liquid level of the storage tank is first calculated from the batch production data, and then a predicted value of converter gas output is calculated from the predicted value of the liquid level of the storage tank , and finally calculate the calorific value prediction value of the gas output from the gas pipeline network to the boiler from the converter gas output prediction value.
在本發明之一實施例中，在蒸汽輸出量預測步驟，先由該批次生產資料計算一蒸汽總產量預測值，其中該蒸汽總產量預測值為每一個轉爐產出蒸汽量的加總，接著由該蒸汽總產量計算一蓄壓槽壓力預測值，最後由該蓄壓槽壓力預測值計算該蒸汽蓄壓槽輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網的蒸汽的該輸出量預測值。In one embodiment of the present invention, in the steam output prediction step, a total steam output prediction value is first calculated from the batch of production data, wherein the total steam production prediction value is the sum of the steam output of each converter, Then a predicted value of the pressure of the pressure storage tank is calculated from the total steam production, and finally the predicted value of the steam output from the steam pressure storage tank to the medium-pressure steam pipe network is calculated from the predicted value of the pressure of the pressure storage tank.
在本發明之一實施例中，在該熱值預測步驟之後，該控制方法另包括一第一校正步驟，利用設置在該轉爐氣儲槽上的一液位感測器，用以感測該轉爐氣儲槽的一儲槽液位高度，並且根據該儲槽液位高度對該燃氣的該熱值預測值進行校正。In one embodiment of the present invention, after the calorific value prediction step, the control method further includes a first calibration step, using a liquid level sensor installed on the converter gas storage tank to sense the A storage tank liquid level height of the converter gas storage tank, and correcting the calorific value prediction value of the gas according to the storage tank liquid level height.
在本發明之一實施例中，在該蒸汽輸出量預測步驟之後，該控制方法另包括一第二校正步驟，利用設置在該蒸汽蓄壓槽上的一壓力感測器，用以感測該蒸汽蓄壓槽的一蓄壓槽壓力，並且根據該蓄壓槽壓力對該蒸汽的輸出量預測值進行校正。In one embodiment of the present invention, after the steam output prediction step, the control method further includes a second calibration step, using a pressure sensor arranged on the steam pressure storage tank to sense the A pressure of the pressure storage tank of the steam pressure storage tank, and correct the predicted value of the steam output according to the pressure of the pressure storage tank.
如上所述，本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統及其控制方法能夠利用該等轉爐的批次生產資料來進行計算，以獲得該燃氣的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽的輸出量預測值，來調整該鍋爐的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量，藉此降低該鍋爐受到燃氣或蒸汽的不穩定波動干擾的機會，改善該鍋爐的操作效率以及提升該發電單元4的發電效能。As mentioned above, the system and control method of the present invention for generating electricity using gas and steam can use the batch production data of the converters to perform calculations to obtain the predicted calorific value of the gas and the predicted output of the steam , to adjust the gas consumption and steam production of the boiler, thereby reducing the chance of the boiler being disturbed by unstable fluctuations of gas or steam, improving the operating efficiency of the boiler and enhancing the power generation efficiency of the
為了讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵、優點能更明顯易懂，下文將特舉本發明實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。再者，本發明所提到的方向用語，例如上、下、頂、底、前、後、左、右、內、外、側面、周圍、中央、水平、橫向、垂直、縱向、軸向、徑向、最上層或最下層等，僅是參考附加圖式的方向。因此，使用的方向用語是用以說明及理解本發明，而非用以限制本發明。In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following will specifically cite the embodiments of the present invention together with the accompanying drawings and describe them in detail as follows. Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the present invention are, for example, up, down, top, bottom, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, side, surrounding, central, horizontal, transverse, vertical, longitudinal, axial, The radial direction, the uppermost layer or the lowermost layer, etc. are only directions referring to the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate and understand the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
請參照圖1所示，為本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的一實施例，該利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統包括一煉鋼單元2、一儲存單元3、一發電單元4、一管網單元5以及一控制單元6。本發明將於下文詳細說明各元件的細部構造、組裝關係及其運作原理。Please refer to Fig. 1, which is an embodiment of the system for generating electricity using gas and steam according to the present invention, which includes a
續參照圖1所示，該煉鋼單元2包含多個轉爐21，每一個轉爐21配置為容置鋼液來進行煉鋼，並且在過程中產生轉爐氣A及蒸汽B，其中該蒸汽B例如為中壓蒸汽，中壓蒸汽是由該等轉爐21的廢熱鍋爐所產生。1, the
續參照圖1所示，該儲存單元3包含一轉爐氣儲槽31及一蒸汽蓄壓槽32，其中該轉爐氣儲槽31配置為儲存該轉爐氣A，該蒸汽蓄壓槽32配置為儲存該蒸汽B。1, the
續參照圖1所示，該發電單元4包含一鍋爐41及一汽輪機42，該鍋爐41配置為經加熱來驅動該汽輪機42產生電力，具體來說，透過該鍋爐41將水加熱，產生高溫高壓之蒸汽後，將其導入汽輪機推動葉片轉動並帶動發電機產生電力。1, the
續參照圖1所示，該管網單元5包含一燃氣管網51及一中壓蒸汽管網52，其中該燃氣管網51連通於該轉爐氣儲槽31及該鍋爐41之間，該中壓蒸汽管網52連通於該蒸汽蓄壓槽32及該汽輪機42之間，其中該燃氣管網51輸出至該鍋爐41的燃氣D會對該鍋爐41進行加熱。在本實施例中，該燃氣管網51還連通至少一高爐101，該高爐101會產生高爐氣C，該燃氣D為該高爐氣C與該轉爐氣A相混合的混合氣體。1, the
續參照圖1所示，該控制單元6依據該等轉爐21的批次生產資料，計算該燃氣管網51輸出至該鍋爐41的燃氣的一熱值預測值，以及該蒸汽蓄壓槽32輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網52的蒸汽B的一輸出量預測值，再利用該燃氣D的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值來調整該鍋爐41的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量。1, the control unit 6 calculates a predicted value of the calorific value of the gas output from the
續參照圖1所示，該系統另包含一液位感測器7，該液位感測器7設置在該轉爐氣儲槽31上，該液位感測器7配置為感測該轉爐氣儲槽31的一儲槽液位高度，並且根據該儲槽液位高度對該燃氣D的該熱值預測值進行校正。在其他實施例中，該系統可包含多個液位感測器7，該等液位感測器7分別感測該轉爐氣儲槽31的多個液位高度的範圍。1, the system further includes a
續參照圖1所示，該系統另包含一壓力感測器8，該壓力感測器8設置在該蒸汽蓄壓槽32上，該壓力感測器8配置為感測該蒸汽蓄壓槽32的一蓄壓槽壓力，並且根據該蓄壓槽壓力對該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值進行校正。1, the system further includes a
依據上述的結構，利用該等轉爐21的批次生產資料計算該燃氣管網51輸出至該鍋爐41的燃氣的熱值預測值，具體來說，該轉爐氣A產生過程為：每一個轉爐21產生轉爐氣A後送至該轉爐氣儲槽31，再依據該轉爐氣儲槽31的液位決定該轉爐氣A的輸出量，根據上述流程，要由該轉爐21的批次生產資料（排程）計算熱值，需建立三個模型：轉爐排程與儲槽液位關係模型、儲槽液位與轉爐氣輸出量關係模型以及轉爐氣輸出量與熱值關係模型。在可獲得的資訊中，只有轉爐排程屬於已知的資訊，依據轉爐排程計算熱值流程為：採用轉爐排程計算儲槽液位預測值、由儲槽液位預測值計算轉爐氣輸出量預測值，以及採用轉爐氣輸出量預測值計算熱值預測值。According to the above structure, the batch production data of the
該等轉爐21，例如三座轉爐21，蒸汽產出之後，經匯集至該蒸汽蓄壓槽32，再依據該蒸汽蓄壓槽32的壓力決定輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網52的蒸汽量，即，預測該蒸汽蓄壓槽32的壓力變化即可預測蒸汽輸出量，而該蒸汽蓄壓槽32的壓力又受到三個轉爐21的蒸汽總產量影響，因此，需建立二個模型：轉爐排程與蓄壓槽壓力關係模型，以及蒸汽總產量與蓄壓槽壓力關係模型。依據轉爐排程計算蒸汽輸出量流程為：採用轉爐排程計算各爐蒸汽產量與總產量、由蒸汽總產量預測值搭配產量與壓力模型計算蓄壓槽壓力預測值，以及由蓄壓槽壓力預測值及控制輸出曲線計算蒸汽輸出量預測值。These
在儲槽液位變化與轉爐排程關係中，藉由實際製程數據，並將液位高度分為四階段變化，再對應轉爐吹煉爐數，統計各高度範圍內每分鐘平均液位高度變化（見表1），由表1中可以得知液位高度與平均高度變化量關係，如轉爐吹煉爐數為1時，液位高度在0-7.5m之間，則每分鐘液位高度平均變化量為0.36。依據表1的資料，搭配轉爐生產排程，可進行轉爐氣儲槽液位高度預測。圖2說明預測5分鐘後儲槽液位預測結果。
在轉爐氣輸出量與儲槽液位關係中，從控制邏輯計算儲槽液位與控制流量關係，其中的誤差會很大，需要重新利用實際製程數據，挖掘兩者關係，表2說明重新校正而得出液位高度與流量關係模型。
以表2為基礎，搭配儲槽液位預測值推算轉爐氣輸出量預測值，如圖3所示的預測結果，顯示5分鐘後的預測值趨勢與實際流量。Based on Table 2, the predicted value of the converter gas output is calculated with the predicted value of the liquid level of the storage tank. The predicted result shown in Figure 3 shows the trend of the predicted value and the actual flow after 5 minutes.
在熱值與轉爐氣輸出量關係模型中，利用製程數據，分析轉爐氣輸出量與混合氣熱值變化的時間延遲關係。當無時間延遲時，t時間下的轉爐氣流量對應t時間之下的動力場混合氣熱值。當延遲一分鐘時，t時間之下的轉爐氣流量對應t+1時間之下的動力場混合氣熱值。如圖4所示，說明在時間延遲2-3分鐘時，轉爐氣輸出量與轉爐氣熱值兩者關係最高。因此後續可以採用轉爐氣實際輸出量預測2分鐘後的熱值。In the relationship model between calorific value and converter gas output, the process data is used to analyze the time-delay relationship between converter gas output and the calorific value of the mixed gas. When there is no time delay, the converter gas flow rate at time t corresponds to the calorific value of the mixture gas in the power field at time t. When the delay is one minute, the converter gas flow rate under the time t corresponds to the heat value of the mixture gas in the power field under the
在混合氣熱值與轉爐氣輸出量關係模型中，轉爐氣輸出時，一般控制於30,000-40，000Nm 3/h為界，分類為高流量及低流量，用此二類數據及考量時間延遲2分鐘的條件之下分別建立轉爐氣流量與熱值變化關係，如圖5所示，為採用模型的預測結果。 In the relationship model between the calorific value of the mixed gas and the converter gas output, the output of the converter gas is generally controlled at 30,000-40,000Nm 3 /h as the boundary, classified into high flow and low flow, using these two types of data and considering the time delay Under the conditions of 2 minutes, the relationship between the converter gas flow rate and the calorific value was established, as shown in Figure 5, which is the prediction result of the model.
在蒸汽產量與轉爐生產排程關係模型中，分析轉爐排程與各轉爐廢熱鍋爐產生的蒸汽，由生產排程解析出每個轉爐生產分鐘數，並計算每分鐘數的平均蒸汽產出量，如圖6所示，分別為三個轉爐X、Y、Z的蒸汽產量。每個轉爐平均蒸汽流量約在15-18分鐘時達到最大值70ton/h，由於轉爐吹煉時間平均約20分鐘，20分鐘後的生產數據少，可信度較低。In the relationship model between steam output and converter production schedule, analyze the converter schedule and the steam produced by each converter waste heat boiler, analyze the production minutes of each converter from the production schedule, and calculate the average steam output per minute, As shown in Figure 6, they are the steam output of three converters X, Y, and Z respectively. The average steam flow rate of each converter reaches a maximum value of 70 tons/h at about 15-18 minutes. Since the average converter blowing time is about 20 minutes, there are few production data after 20 minutes, and the reliability is low.
在蓄壓槽壓力與蒸汽總產量關係模型中，各轉爐產出蒸汽之後，匯集至蓄壓槽再依據蓄壓槽壓力控制蒸汽輸出量，將各轉爐當時產出蒸汽量相加得到總蒸汽產量，再建立總蒸汽產量變化量與槽壓變化量關係模型，可預測槽壓壓力變化，如圖7所示，說明預測5分鐘之後的壓力變化趨勢，平均絕對誤差小於8%。In the relationship model between the pressure of the pressure storage tank and the total steam production, after the steam is produced by each converter, it is collected in the pressure storage tank and then the steam output is controlled according to the pressure of the pressure storage tank, and the total steam production is obtained by adding the steam output of each converter at that time , and then establish a relationship model between the change of total steam production and the change of tank pressure, which can predict the change of tank pressure, as shown in Figure 7, which shows that the average absolute error of predicting the pressure change trend after 5 minutes is less than 8%.
在蒸汽輸出量與蓄壓槽壓力關係模型中，當計算出蓄壓槽壓力之後可以採用蓄壓槽壓力與蒸汽輸出量的控制曲線計算蒸汽輸出量，但是控制曲線與實際輸出量存在一點偏差，因此重新採用製程平均值修正原始控制曲線，表3說明各階段輸出蒸汽量與壓力關係。
依據可獲得的未來轉爐生產排程搭配各轉爐每分鐘蒸汽產量模型計算出總蒸汽產量，再由蒸汽總產量與蓄壓槽壓力變化關係獲得蓄壓槽壓力預測值，最後搭配校正後的蒸汽輸出控制曲線，得到未來各時間的蒸汽輸出量。如圖8所示說明廢熱鍋爐輸出至管網蒸汽量的預測結果。藉此透過該燃氣的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽的輸出量預測值來調整該鍋爐的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量。The total steam production is calculated based on the available future production schedule of the converter and the steam production model of each converter, and then the pressure storage tank pressure prediction value is obtained from the relationship between the total steam production and the pressure storage tank pressure change, and finally the corrected steam output is used Control the curve to obtain the steam output at each time in the future. As shown in Figure 8, the prediction results of the steam output from the waste heat boiler to the pipe network are illustrated. In this way, the gas consumption and steam output of the boiler are adjusted through the predicted calorific value of the gas and the predicted output of the steam.
如上所述，本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統能夠利用該等轉爐的批次生產資料來進行計算，以獲得該燃氣D的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值，來調整該鍋爐41的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量，藉此降低該鍋爐41受到燃氣或蒸汽的不穩定波動干擾的機會，改善該鍋爐41的操作效率以及提升該發電單元4的發電效能。As mentioned above, the system of the present invention that uses gas and steam to generate electricity can use the batch production data of the converters to perform calculations to obtain the predicted value of the calorific value of the gas D and the predicted value of the output of the steam B. Adjust the gas consumption and steam output of the
請參照圖9所示，為依據本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的控制方法的一實施例，該利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的控制方法包括一備置步驟S201、一熱值預測步驟S202、一第一校正步驟S203、一蒸汽輸出量預測步驟S204、一第二校正步驟S205以及一鍋爐調整步驟S206。本發明將於下文詳細說明各步驟的關係及其運作原理。Please refer to FIG. 9, which is an embodiment of the control method of the system using gas and steam to generate electricity according to the present invention. The control method of the system using gas and steam to generate electricity includes a preparation step S201 and a calorific value prediction step. S202, a first correction step S203, a steam output prediction step S204, a second correction step S205, and a boiler adjustment step S206. The present invention will describe the relationship of each step and its operation principle in detail below.
請參照圖9並配合圖1所示，在該備置步驟S201中，獲取一煉鋼單元2的多個轉爐21的批次生產資料，在煉鋼過程中，該等轉爐21會產生轉爐氣A及蒸汽B，其中該蒸汽B例如為中壓蒸汽，中壓蒸汽是由該等轉爐21的廢熱鍋爐所產生。Please refer to FIG. 9 and as shown in FIG. 1, in the preparation step S201, the batch production data of a plurality of
續參照圖9並配合圖1所示，在該熱值預測步驟S202中，利用該批次生產資料計算一燃氣管網51輸出至一鍋爐41的燃氣D的一熱值預測值，其中該燃氣管網51連通於一轉爐氣儲槽31及該鍋爐41之間，而且該轉爐氣儲槽31配置為儲存該等轉爐21所產生的轉爐氣A。在本實施例中，先由該批次生產資料計算一儲槽液位預測值，接著由該儲槽液位預測值計算一轉爐氣輸出量預測值，最後由該轉爐氣輸出量預測值計算該燃氣管網51輸出至該鍋爐41的燃氣D的該熱值預測值。Referring to FIG. 9 and shown in FIG. 1, in the calorific value prediction step S202, the batch production data is used to calculate a calorific value prediction value of the gas D output from a
續參照圖9並配合圖1所示，在該第一校正步驟S203中，利用設置在該轉爐氣儲槽31上的一液位感測器7，用以感測該轉爐氣儲槽31的一儲槽液位高度，並且根據該儲槽液位高度對該燃氣D的該熱值預測值進行校正。Continue referring to FIG. 9 and shown in FIG. 1 , in the first calibration step S203, a
續參照圖9並配合圖1所示，在該蒸汽輸出量預測步驟S204中，利用該批次生產資料計算一蒸汽蓄壓槽32輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網52的蒸汽B的一輸出量預測值，其中該中壓蒸汽管網52連通於該蒸汽蓄壓槽32及該汽輪機42之間，而且該蒸汽蓄壓槽32配置為儲存該等轉爐21所產生的蒸汽B。在本實施例中，先由該批次生產資料計算一蒸汽總產量預測值，其中該蒸汽總產量預測值為每一個轉爐產出蒸汽量的加總，接著由該蒸汽總產量計算一蓄壓槽壓力預測值，最後由該蓄壓槽壓力預測值計算該蒸汽蓄壓槽32輸出至該中壓蒸汽管網52的蒸汽B的該輸出量預測值。Continue referring to FIG. 9 and shown in FIG. 1 , in the steam output prediction step S204, the batch production data is used to calculate an output of steam B output from a steam
續參照圖9所示，在該第二校正步驟S205中，利用設置在該蒸汽蓄壓槽32上的一壓力感測器8，用以感測該蒸汽蓄壓槽32的一蓄壓槽壓力，並且根據該蓄壓槽壓力對該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值進行校正。Continue referring to FIG. 9 , in the second calibration step S205, a
續參照圖9所示，在該鍋爐調整步驟S206中，利用該燃氣D的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值來調整該鍋爐41的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量。Referring to FIG. 9 , in the boiler adjustment step S206 , the gas consumption and steam output of the
如上所述，本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的控制方法能夠利用該等轉爐的批次生產資料來進行計算，以獲得該燃氣D的熱值預測值以及該蒸汽B的輸出量預測值，來調整該鍋爐41的燃氣用量與蒸汽產量，藉此降低該鍋爐41受到燃氣或蒸汽的不穩定波動干擾的機會，改善該鍋爐41的操作效率以及提升該發電單元4的發電效能。As mentioned above, the control method of the system using gas and steam to generate electricity in the present invention can use the batch production data of the converters to perform calculations to obtain the predicted calorific value of the gas D and the output of the steam B Value, to adjust the gas consumption and steam production of the
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露，然其並非用以限制本發明，任何熟習此項技藝之人士，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種更動與修飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed by the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in this art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection of the present invention The scope shall be defined by the appended patent application scope.
101:高爐 2:煉鋼單元 21:轉爐 3:儲存單元 31:轉爐氣儲槽 32:蒸汽蓄壓槽 4:發電單元 41:鍋爐 42:汽輪機 5:管網單元 51:燃氣管網 52:中壓蒸汽管網 6:控制單元 7:液位感測器 8:壓力感測器 S201:備置步驟 S202:熱值預測步驟 S203:第一校正步驟 S204:蒸汽輸出量預測步驟 S205:第二校正步驟 S206:鍋爐調整步驟 A:轉爐氣 B:蒸汽 C:高爐氣 D:燃氣101: blast furnace 2: Steel making unit 21: Converter 3: storage unit 31: Converter gas storage tank 32: Steam pressure storage tank 4: Power generation unit 41: Boiler 42: Steam turbine 5: pipe network unit 51: Gas pipeline network 52:Medium pressure steam pipe network 6: Control unit 7: Liquid level sensor 8: Pressure sensor S201: preparation step S202: calorific value prediction step S203: the first correction step S204: Step of predicting steam output S205: the second correction step S206: Boiler adjustment steps A: Converter gas B: Steam C: blast furnace gas D: gas
圖1是本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的一實施例的示意圖。 圖2是顯示儲槽液位高度的實際值與預測值的關係圖。 圖3是顯示儲槽輸出流量的實際值與預測值的關係圖。 圖4是顯示在時間延遲下轉爐氣輸出量與轉爐氣熱值的關係圖。 圖5是顯示熱值的實際值與預測值的關係圖。 圖6是顯示三個轉爐的蒸汽產量的關係圖。 圖7是顯示槽壓壓力的實際值與預測值的關係圖。 圖8是顯示蒸汽流量的實際值與預測值的關係圖。 圖9是本發明利用燃氣與蒸汽發電的系統的控制方法的一實施例的流程圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for generating electricity using gas and steam according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual value and the predicted value of the height of the liquid level in the storage tank. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual value and the predicted value of the output flow rate of the storage tank. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between converter gas output and converter gas calorific value under a time delay. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual value and the predicted value of the calorific value. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the steam production of three converters. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual value and the predicted value of the cell pressure. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the actual value and the predicted value of the steam flow rate. FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the control method of the system for generating electricity using gas and steam according to the present invention.
101:高爐 101: blast furnace
2:煉鋼單元 2: Steel making unit
21:轉爐 21: Converter
3:儲存單元 3: storage unit
31:轉爐氣儲槽 31: Converter gas storage tank
32:蒸汽蓄壓槽 32: Steam pressure storage tank
4:發電單元 4: Power generation unit
41:鍋爐 41: Boiler
42:汽輪機 42: Steam turbine
5:管網單元 5: pipe network unit
51:燃氣管網 51: Gas pipeline network
52:中壓蒸汽管網 52:Medium pressure steam pipe network
6:控制單元 6: Control unit
7:液位感測器 7: Liquid level sensor
8:壓力感測器 8: Pressure sensor
A:轉爐氣 A: Converter gas
B:蒸汽 B: Steam
C:高爐氣 C: blast furnace gas
D:燃氣 D: gas
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111101564A TWI799080B (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111101564A TWI799080B (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI799080B true TWI799080B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
| TW202328556A TW202328556A (en) | 2023-07-16 |
Family
ID=86948798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111101564A TWI799080B (en) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI799080B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373949A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 上海理工大学 | Superheated steam drying powder making type coal-fired power generation system |
| CN113404562A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南华菱湘钢节能发电有限公司 | Steam supply system for power generation by waste heat steam of converter in iron and steel plant |
-
2022
- 2022-01-13 TW TW111101564A patent/TWI799080B/en active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373949A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 上海理工大学 | Superheated steam drying powder making type coal-fired power generation system |
| CN113404562A (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南华菱湘钢节能发电有限公司 | Steam supply system for power generation by waste heat steam of converter in iron and steel plant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202328556A (en) | 2023-07-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9255494B2 (en) | Steam turbine power plant | |
| CN110518643B (en) | Control method and device for energy storage combined thermal power generating unit to participate in AGC frequency modulation | |
| JP6729514B2 (en) | Hot metal temperature prediction method, hot metal temperature prediction device, blast furnace operating method, operation guidance device, hot metal temperature control method, and hot metal temperature control device | |
| US20140260254A1 (en) | Steam Turbine Power Plant | |
| US20100263376A1 (en) | Systems and methods involving combined cycle plants | |
| CN102053562A (en) | Cracking furnace exit temperature hybrid control method | |
| CN112381210A (en) | Coal-fired unit water-cooling wall temperature prediction neural network model | |
| CN105299612A (en) | Main steam temperature control method based on multi-model switching and control system | |
| TWI799080B (en) | System for generating electricity by using gas and steam and control mthod thereof | |
| Zhang et al. | Operation strategy and dynamic performance study of integrated solar combined-cycle system | |
| CN104696944A (en) | Dynamic optimization and parameter estimation integrated method based on load prediction | |
| CN112396162B (en) | Neural network model for predicting wall temperature of screen type superheater of coal-fired unit | |
| CN213362403U (en) | Coal-fired unit water-cooled wall overtemperature control system based on wall temperature prediction | |
| CN116776770B (en) | CFD numerical simulation coupling BP neural network based method for relieving high-temperature corrosion of boiler | |
| CN116776538A (en) | Uncertainty-considered low-carbon planning method for electric power-natural gas-hydrogen coupling network | |
| KR20110047041A (en) | Method for forecasting level of by-product gases holder | |
| CN206158811U (en) | Burnt furnace system , coke oven crude gas and flue gas waste heat utilization system | |
| CN114964380A (en) | Method, device and system for monitoring high-temperature corrosion state of pipe | |
| Ao et al. | Three-dimensional thermal stress distribution of opposed firing boiler: Numerical study and experimental verification | |
| CN114936506A (en) | Main steam pressure prediction method under deep peak shaving of subcritical circulating fluidized bed unit | |
| ITMI20111941A1 (en) | GAS TURBINE PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY AND METHOD TO OPERATE THE PLANT | |
| CN112686447A (en) | Multi-energy flow coupling load prediction method for offshore oil and gas field development | |
| CN112381296A (en) | Neural network model for predicting wall temperature of high-temperature superheater of coal-fired unit | |
| CN112257281A (en) | Dynamic energy flow calculation method for two-stage quality regulation hot water heating network | |
| JP4915115B2 (en) | Cogeneration system |