TWI798013B

TWI798013B - Maintenance method and system for linear transmission device

Info

Publication number: TWI798013B
Application number: TW111107755A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 蔡尚樺; 林育新; 林孟穎
Original assignee: 上銀科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-03-03
Filing date: 2022-03-03
Publication date: 2023-04-01
Also published as: TW202336366A

Abstract

一種線性傳動裝置維護方法，適用於運算一線性傳動裝置的一壽命值，並包含以下步驟：接收一安裝於該線性傳動裝置與一驅動裝置的感測單元所回饋的複數電氣訊號，根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該壽命值。藉此，由於是根據實際的使用情況進行運算，因此，可以提高該壽命值的估算準確度，可供設備商能更準確地根據機台的實際狀況而安排維修或零件更換行程。A linear transmission device maintenance method is suitable for calculating a life value of a linear transmission device, and includes the following steps: receiving a complex electrical signal fed back from a sensing unit installed in the linear transmission device and a driving device, according to the At least 4 correction factors are calculated for the electrical signal, and the life value is calculated according to the electrical signal and the correction factors. In this way, since the calculation is performed according to the actual usage situation, the estimation accuracy of the life value can be improved, and the equipment manufacturer can more accurately arrange the maintenance or part replacement schedule according to the actual condition of the machine.

Description

線性傳動裝置維護方法及系統Linear transmission device maintenance method and system

本發明是有關於一種裝置維護方法及系統，特別是指一種線性傳動裝置維護方法及應用該方法的線性傳動裝置維護系統。The present invention relates to a device maintenance method and system, in particular to a linear transmission device maintenance method and a linear transmission device maintenance system using the method.

線性傳動裝置在長時間的使用後，其迴流管道的出入口容易產生疲勞剝蝕，而當剝蝕到達一定程度時，則需維修更換元件以確保加工品質。After long-term use of the linear actuator, the inlet and outlet of the return pipe are prone to fatigue erosion, and when the erosion reaches a certain level, it is necessary to repair and replace the components to ensure the processing quality.

目前，機台保養多是依賴歲修或定期保養，或是進一步地，使用運作累計時間或是運作累計週期數來判斷是否需要進行維修或更換元件。然而，由於機台在每一次運作時的加工對象不同，導致負荷不同，進一步造成每一次運作時所損耗的壽命不同，也就是說，即便是有同樣的運作累計時間或運作累計週期數，在不同負荷的使用狀態下，會導致不同的壽命損耗，是以，若是僅以預先設定的運作累計時間或運作累計週期數估算剩餘壽命，則會導致壽命估算不準確的情況。At present, machine maintenance mostly relies on annual repairs or regular maintenance, or further, uses the cumulative operating time or the cumulative number of operating cycles to determine whether maintenance or component replacement is required. However, due to the different processing objects of the machine in each operation, the load is different, which further causes the life loss of each operation to be different, that is to say, even with the same cumulative operation time or cumulative number of cycles, the Different load usage conditions will lead to different life losses. Therefore, if the remaining life is estimated only based on the preset cumulative operating time or the cumulative number of operating cycles, it will lead to inaccurate life estimation.

因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種具較高壽命估算準確度的線性傳動裝置維護方法。Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a linear actuator maintenance method with high life estimation accuracy.

於是，本發明線性傳動裝置維護方法，運用於一信號連接一驅動裝置的控制單元，該驅動裝置用以驅動一線性傳動裝置，該線性傳動裝置維護方法適用於運算該線性傳動裝置的一壽命值，並包含以下步驟：Therefore, the linear actuator maintenance method of the present invention is applied to a control unit whose signal is connected to a driving device, and the driving device is used to drive a linear actuator, and the linear actuator maintenance method is suitable for calculating a life value of the linear actuator , and contains the following steps:

接收一安裝於該線性傳動裝置與該驅動裝置的感測單元所回饋的複數電氣訊號，根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該壽命值。Receiving a complex electrical signal fed back by a sensing unit mounted on the linear actuator and the driving device, calculating at least 4 correction factors based on the electrical signal, and calculating the life value based on the electrical signal and the correction factors .

因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種具較高壽命估算準確度的線性傳動裝置防護系統。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a protection system for linear actuators with higher life estimation accuracy.

於是，本發明線性傳動裝置防護系統，包含一線性運動單元、一感測單元，及一控制單元。Therefore, the protection system of the linear transmission device of the present invention includes a linear motion unit, a sensing unit, and a control unit.

該線性運動單元包括一線性傳動裝置，及一用以驅動該線性傳動裝置的驅動裝置。The linear motion unit includes a linear transmission device and a driving device for driving the linear transmission device.

該感測單元設置於該線性運動單元，用以感測該線性運動單元之運作而輸出複數電氣訊號。The sensing unit is arranged on the linear motion unit to sense the operation of the linear motion unit and output complex electrical signals.

該控制單元信號連接該線性運動單元與該感測單元，用以控制該線性運動單元運作，並根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該線性傳動裝置的一壽命值。The control unit signal connects the linear motion unit and the sensing unit to control the operation of the linear motion unit, and calculates at least 4 correction factors according to the electrical signals, and calculates the correction factors according to the electrical signals and the correction factors A lifetime value for the linear actuator.

本發明之功效在於：藉由安裝於該線性運動單元的該感測單元所回饋的複數電氣訊號運算該壽命值，由於是根據實際的使用情況進行運算，因此，可以提高該壽命值的估算準確度，可供設備商能更準確地根據機台的實際狀況而安排維修或零件更換行程，減少機台忽然故障停機所產生的損失。The effect of the present invention is that the life value is calculated by using the complex electrical signal fed back by the sensing unit installed in the linear motion unit. Since the calculation is performed according to actual usage conditions, the estimation accuracy of the life value can be improved. The degree allows equipment manufacturers to more accurately arrange maintenance or parts replacement schedules according to the actual conditions of the machines, reducing losses caused by sudden machine failures and shutdowns.

在本發明被詳細描述前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same numerals.

參閱圖1、圖2及圖3，本發明線性傳動裝置防護系統之一實施例，包含一線性運動單元2、一感測單元3，及一控制單元4，並可選地還包含一顯示單元5。Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, one embodiment of the protection system of the linear actuator of the present invention includes a linear motion unit 2, a sensing unit 3, and a control unit 4, and optionally also includes a display unit 5.

該線性運動單元2包括一線性傳動裝置20，及一用以驅動該線性傳動裝置20的驅動裝置24。The linear motion unit 2 includes a linear transmission device 20 and a driving device 24 for driving the linear transmission device 20 .

該線性傳動裝置20包括一長軸21、一設置於該長軸21上的移動件22，及複數滾動件23。The linear transmission device 20 includes a long axis 21 , a moving element 22 disposed on the long axis 21 , and a plurality of rolling elements 23 .

該線性傳動裝置20可如本實施例所示為滾珠螺桿，該長軸21、該移動件22、該滾動件23分別為螺桿、螺帽、滾珠。該線性傳動裝置20亦可為線性滑軌(圖未示)，該長軸21、該移動件22、該滾動件23則分別為滑軌、滑塊、滾珠，或可依實際需求而為其他可線性移動的傳動裝置。The linear transmission device 20 can be a ball screw as shown in this embodiment, and the long axis 21 , the moving part 22 and the rolling part 23 are respectively a screw, a nut and a ball. The linear transmission device 20 can also be a linear slide rail (not shown in the figure), and the long axis 21, the moving part 22, and the rolling part 23 are respectively a slide rail, a slider, a ball, or can be other according to actual needs. Linearly movable transmission.

該移動件22包括一本體221，及二設置於該本體221的迴流組件222，每一迴流組件222界定一迴流道223，而使該等滾動件23於該長軸21與該移動件22間、及該迴流道223中循環滾動。定義該等滾動件23進出該迴流道223的其中一個出入口為一迴流點224，於圖3中，是以定義最左側的出入口為該迴流點224作為說明。其中，該等迴流組件222之數量可依實際需求而定，亦可為一或三個以上。The moving part 22 includes a main body 221, and two return components 222 arranged on the main body 221, each return flow component 222 defines a return channel 223, so that the rolling parts 23 are between the long axis 21 and the moving part 22 , and circulate in the return channel 223 . One of the entrances and exits of the rolling elements 23 into and out of the return passage 223 is defined as a return point 224 . In FIG. 3 , the leftmost entrance and exit is defined as the return point 224 for illustration. Wherein, the number of these reflow components 222 can be determined according to actual needs, and can also be one or more than three.

該驅動裝置24用以驅動該長軸21與該移動件22相對線性移動，並具有一驅動電路241及一馬達242。The driving device 24 is used to drive the long axis 21 and the moving member 22 to move linearly relative to each other, and has a driving circuit 241 and a motor 242 .

由於本領域中具有通常知識者根據以上說明可以推知該線性運動單元2之擴充細節，因此不再贅述。Since those skilled in the art can infer the extended details of the linear motion unit 2 according to the above description, no further description is given here.

該感測單元3設置於該線性傳動裝置20與該驅動裝置24，用以感測該線性傳動裝置20與該驅動裝置24之運作而輸出複數電氣訊號。該感測單元3包括複數感測器31。The sensing unit 3 is disposed on the linear actuator 20 and the driving device 24 for sensing the operation of the linear actuator 20 and the driving device 24 and outputting a plurality of electrical signals. The sensing unit 3 includes a plurality of sensors 31 .

其中一該感測器31螺鎖設置於該移動件22之該本體221外表面上的一凹槽225，且該感測器31之一感測端311可以是嵌設入該本體221中，以藉由穩定的設置而達到較佳的量測效果。該感測器31是對應於該迴流點224設置，其於周向上盡量靠近於該迴流點224，而於軸向上，該感測器31與該迴流點224於該長軸21延伸方向上的距離小於一預定距離D，也就是，該感測器31基本上與該迴流點224於相同(或靠近)的徑向上，而該移動件22的該凹槽225與該迴流點224於該長軸21延伸方向上的距離小於該預定距離D，此處之距離以物件的中心點位置進行計算。該預定距離D可依實際需求而設定為3倍的滾珠(該滾動件23)之直徑或3倍的螺桿(該長軸21)之導程。如此，藉由將該感測器31設置於鄰靠該迴流點224處，可使該感測器31能更好地感測對應該迴流點224處的溫度與加速度(衝擊力)。該感測器31可使用例如感溫晶片與加速規(accelerometer)實施。另外，為圖示清楚起見，圖3中之該本體221、該感測器31及一連接至該控制單元4的傳輸線9等皆以點鏈線繪製。One of the sensors 31 is screw-locked to a groove 225 on the outer surface of the body 221 of the moving part 22, and a sensing end 311 of the sensor 31 can be embedded in the body 221, To achieve better measurement results through stable settings. The sensor 31 is arranged corresponding to the return point 224, and it is as close as possible to the return point 224 in the circumferential direction, and in the axial direction, the distance between the sensor 31 and the return point 224 in the extending direction of the major axis 21 The distance is less than a predetermined distance D, that is, the sensor 31 is substantially on the same (or close to) radial direction with the return point 224, and the groove 225 of the moving part 22 is at the same length as the return point 224. The distance in the extending direction of the axis 21 is less than the predetermined distance D, and the distance here is calculated based on the center point of the object. The predetermined distance D can be set as 3 times the diameter of the ball (the rolling element 23 ) or 3 times the lead of the screw (the long axis 21 ) according to actual needs. Thus, by arranging the sensor 31 adjacent to the reflow point 224 , the sensor 31 can better sense the temperature and acceleration (impact force) corresponding to the reflow point 224 . The sensor 31 can be implemented using, for example, a temperature sensing chip and an accelerometer. In addition, for the sake of illustration clarity, the body 221 , the sensor 31 and a transmission line 9 connected to the control unit 4 in FIG. 3 are all drawn with chain lines.

其它的該等感測器31用以感測應力、行程、速度以輸出對應的該等電氣訊號。所述應力例如為該線性傳動裝置20所受到的應力，例如，該等滾動件23與該長軸21、該迴流組件222之接觸面所受的應力，可使用例如力感測器(例如，壓電晶片、位移計、應變規等)進行感測；所述行程例如為該移動件22相對於該長軸21線性移動的距離，所述速度例如為該移動件22相對於該長軸21線性移動的速度，或是該長軸21(螺桿)的轉速，可使用例如光學尺量測距離並計算速度，或以旋轉編碼器、霍爾感測器(hall sensor)等量測該馬達242的轉動圈數，以估算該移動件22相對移動的距離及速度，或估算該長軸21(螺桿)的轉速。The other sensors 31 are used to sense stress, stroke, and speed to output corresponding electrical signals. The stress is, for example, the stress suffered by the linear transmission device 20, for example, the stress suffered by the contact surfaces of the rolling elements 23, the long axis 21, and the return assembly 222, for example, a force sensor (for example, piezoelectric wafer, displacement gauge, strain gauge, etc.) for sensing; the stroke is, for example, the distance that the moving part 22 moves linearly relative to the long axis 21, and the speed is, for example, the distance that the moving part 22 moves relative to the long axis 21 The speed of linear movement, or the rotational speed of the major axis 21 (screw), can use, for example, an optical scale to measure the distance and calculate the speed, or measure the motor 242 with a rotary encoder, Hall sensor, etc. to estimate the distance and speed of the relative movement of the moving member 22, or to estimate the rotational speed of the major axis 21 (screw).

該控制單元4信號連接該線性運動單元2、該感測單元3與該顯示單元5，用以控制該線性運動單元2運作，並根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且其中至少2種修正因子與其對應之該電氣訊號為非線性關係，該控制單元4根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該線性傳動裝置20的一壽命值。The control unit 4 is signal-connected to the linear motion unit 2, the sensing unit 3 and the display unit 5 to control the operation of the linear motion unit 2, and calculate at least 4 correction factors according to the electrical signals, and at least 2 of them The correction factor and the corresponding electrical signal have a nonlinear relationship, and the control unit 4 calculates a life value of the linear actuator 20 according to the electrical signal and the correction factor.

該顯示單元5為顯示螢幕，受該控制單元4控制而顯示該壽命值，以供使用者得知該線性傳動裝置20的目前使用壽命情況。The display unit 5 is a display screen, which is controlled by the control unit 4 to display the life value, so that the user can know the current service life of the linear transmission device 20 .

本發明線性傳動裝置維護方法，適用於運用於上述之該控制單元4，且適用於運算該線性傳動裝置20的該壽命值，該線性傳動裝置維護方法包含以下步驟：The linear transmission device maintenance method of the present invention is applicable to the above-mentioned control unit 4, and is suitable for calculating the life value of the linear transmission device 20. The linear transmission device maintenance method includes the following steps:

接收安裝於該線性運動單元2的該感測單元3所回饋的複數電氣訊號，根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且其中至少2種修正因子與其對應之該電氣訊號為非線性關係，根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該壽命值。Receive complex electrical signals fed back by the sensing unit 3 installed in the linear motion unit 2, calculate at least 4 correction factors based on the electrical signals, and at least 2 of the correction factors have a nonlinear relationship with the corresponding electrical signal , calculating the lifetime value according to the electrical signals and the correction factors.

其中，該等電氣訊號例如相關於應力(負荷)、行程、速度、溫度、及加速度(衝擊力)等，該等修正因子例如為一負荷修正因子、一行程修正因子、一速度修正因子、一溫度修正因子與一衝擊修正因子，使用者可依實際需求，選取其中至少4種該電氣訊號運算對應之該等修正因子。Wherein, the electrical signals are related to stress (load), stroke, speed, temperature, and acceleration (impact force), etc., and the correction factors are, for example, a load correction factor, a stroke correction factor, a speed correction factor, a A temperature correction factor and an impact correction factor, the user can select at least four of these correction factors corresponding to the electrical signal calculation according to actual needs.

其中，該控制單元4根據下列公式運算該壽命值

。於本實施例中，該壽命值

指尚存的壽命百分比(%)，例如，該壽命值

為80%，即表示目前尚有80%之壽命，但實際運用時，該壽命值也可以是設計為損耗壽命值，例如，當損耗壽命值為20%時，表示目前尚有80%之壽命。 Wherein, the control unit 4 calculates the life value according to the following formula

. In this embodiment, the life value

Refers to the remaining life percentage (%), for example, the life value

If it is 80%, it means that there is still 80% of the life at present. .

； (公式1)

; (Formula 1)

； (公式2)

; (Formula 2)

其中，

為累計的工作週期數量；

為實際壽命值，指在實際條件下，所運算出的該線性傳動裝置20的使用壽命，例如，經運算得出，在實際條件下可運作的週期(cycle)之數量；

為理論壽命值，指在理論條件(或基準條件)下，該線性傳動裝置20的使用壽命，例如，在理論條件下，可運作的週期之數量；

為損耗壽命當量，為理論壽命值

與實際壽命值

之比值，因此，(

)之值即為實際條件下，每個週期所損耗的壽命比例；

為一實際工作當量；

為一理論工作當量，是根據該線性傳動裝置20之規格所得出之數值；

為系統安全係數，為該線性傳動裝置20之規格，例如，在等級1(平滑，smoothness)、等級2(一般，normal)、等級3(衝擊震動，impact vibration)時，其值分別設定為1.1、1.3、2。 in,

is the cumulative number of work cycles;

is the actual life value, which refers to the calculated service life of the linear transmission device 20 under actual conditions, for example, the calculated number of cycles (cycle) that can be operated under actual conditions;

is the theoretical life value, which refers to the service life of the linear actuator 20 under theoretical conditions (or reference conditions), for example, under theoretical conditions, the number of operable cycles;

is the loss life equivalent, and is the theoretical life value

vs. actual life value

ratio, therefore, (

) value is the proportion of life lost in each cycle under actual conditions;

is an actual working equivalent;

is a theoretical working equivalent, which is a value obtained according to the specification of the linear transmission device 20;

is the safety factor of the system, which is the specification of the linear actuator 20, for example, at level 1 (smoothness), level 2 (general, normal), level 3 (shock vibration, impact vibration), its value is set to 1.1 respectively , 1.3, 2.

以該線性傳動裝置20為滾珠螺桿為示例，說明上述公式之原理，該線性傳動裝置20之理論壽命值

與實際壽命值

的公式如下： Taking the linear transmission device 20 as an example of a ball screw to illustrate the principle of the above formula, the theoretical life value of the linear transmission device 20

vs. actual life value

The formula is as follows:

；(單位為週期(cycle)) (公式3)

; (unit is cycle (cycle)) (Formula 3)

； (單位為週期(cycle)) (公式4)

; (unit is cycle (cycle)) (formula 4)

其中，

為該螺桿之導程，

為該線性傳動裝置20的額定動負荷，是根據該線性傳動裝置20之規格所得出之數值，

為理論行程，

為實際行程。由於一般情況下，

，因此，可將該損耗壽命當量

近似為公式2。 in,

is the lead of the screw,

is the rated dynamic load of the linear actuator 20, which is a value obtained according to the specifications of the linear actuator 20,

For the theoretical itinerary,

for the actual itinerary. Since in general,

, therefore, the loss life equivalent can be

Approximate to Equation 2.

回到該壽命值

之運算，該控制單元4根據下列公式運算該實際工作當量

，以下，是以該線性傳動裝置20為滾珠螺桿作為說明： Return to the life value

The operation, the control unit 4 calculates the actual working equivalent according to the following formula

, as follows, the linear transmission device 20 is used as a ball screw as an illustration:

； (公式5)

; (Formula 5)

其中，

為該溫度修正因子、

為該行程修正因子、

為該衝擊修正因子、

為該負荷修正因子、

為該速度修正因子；

為週期時間、

為一個週期內的區間數量、

為區間時間，此處每一個週期(cycle)指一組循環重複的工作程序所花費的時間，將該組工作程序依運算需求或實際工作需求而切分為複數(

個)區間(period)，每一個區間會包括一至數個工作程序；

為區間平均負荷、

為螺桿的區間平均轉速，

為螺桿的週期平均轉速。 in,

is the temperature correction factor,

is the stroke correction factor,

is the shock correction factor,

is the load correction factor,

is the speed correction factor;

is the cycle time,

is the number of intervals in a cycle,

It is the interval time, where each cycle (cycle) refers to the time spent by a group of cyclically repeated work procedures, and the group of work procedures is divided into complex numbers according to computing requirements or actual work requirements (

(a) interval (period), each interval will include one to several working procedures;

is the interval average load,

is the interval average speed of the screw,

is the period average rotational speed of the screw.

於公式5中，可依實際需求，選取其中至少4種該修正因子進行運算，並將運算值代入公式5中，以進而透過公式1、2、5運算出該壽命值

，未選取的該修正因子，則以數值1代入即可。 In Formula 5, at least 4 of these correction factors can be selected for calculation according to actual needs, and the calculated value can be substituted into Formula 5, so that the life value can be calculated through Formulas 1, 2, and 5

, if the correction factor is not selected, the value 1 can be substituted.

該等修正因子之運算公式如下，其中，該負荷修正因子

、該行程修正因子

、該溫度修正因子

、該衝擊修正因子

與其對應之該電氣訊號皆為非線性關係。此處需說明的是，一般在分析數據較少時，會僅以兩個分析數據產生一修正線，如此，該修正線與修正因子會為線性關係，其估算精確度不高，本案是將至少2種修正因子之估算方式取代為下列的非線性運算方法，以取得較高的估算準確度： The calculation formulas of these correction factors are as follows, where the load correction factor

, the stroke correction factor

, the temperature correction factor

, the shock correction factor

The electrical signals corresponding to it are all non-linear relationships. What needs to be explained here is that generally when the analysis data is small, only two analysis data will be used to generate a correction line. In this way, the correction line and the correction factor will have a linear relationship, and the estimation accuracy is not high. In this case, the The estimation methods of at least two correction factors are replaced by the following non-linear calculation methods to obtain higher estimation accuracy:

該負荷修正因子

： The load correction factor

:

於

(十億帕斯卡)時，根據下列公式運算該負荷修正因子

，若否，使

。 At

(billion Pascals), calculate the load correction factor according to the following formula

, if not, make

.

； (公式6)

; (Formula 6)

其中，

為該週期中，根據該電氣訊號所換算得之滾珠螺桿最大應力值，

為一負荷係數，依據實際需求而由實驗得出，例如，可設定為0.125。 in,

is the maximum stress value of the ball screw converted from the electrical signal in the cycle,

is a load factor obtained from experiments according to actual needs, for example, it can be set to 0.125.

該行程修正因子

： The stroke correction factor

:

於

時，根據下列公式運算該行程修正因子

，若否，使

。其中，

為一個運作的週期所對應的該螺桿的圈數，

為基礎捲數 (turns unit)，指該迴流組件222所橫跨的該螺桿的圈數，

一般會設置為2~5。 At

, calculate the travel correction factor according to the following formula

, if not, make

. in,

The number of turns of the screw corresponding to one operating cycle,

is the number of base rolls (turns unit), referring to the number of turns of the screw that the return assembly 222 spans,

Generally, it will be set to 2~5.

； (公式7)

; (Formula 7)

該速度修正因子

： The speed correction factor

:

於

時，根據下列公式運算該速度修正因子

，若否，使

。其中，

為允許最高DN值，

為該週期中，根據該電氣訊號所得之實際最高DN值，DN值為該線性傳動裝置20之該長軸21的外徑與轉速的乘積。 At

When , calculate the speed correction factor according to the following formula

, if not, make

. in,

For the highest allowed DN value,

is the actual highest DN value obtained according to the electrical signal in the period, and the DN value is the product of the outer diameter of the major axis 21 of the linear actuator 20 and the rotational speed.

； (公式8)

; (Formula 8)

其中，

為一速度係數，一般可設定為1.5~2間。

為該長軸21的允許最高轉速，

為該週期中，根據該電氣訊號所得之該長軸21的實際最高轉速。 in,

It is a speed coefficient, generally it can be set between 1.5 and 2.

is the allowable maximum rotational speed of the major axis 21,

is the actual maximum rotational speed of the major axis 21 obtained according to the electrical signal in the cycle.

該溫度修正因子

： The temperature correction factor

:

於該電氣訊號所對應的溫度(對應該迴流點224處之溫度)介於80~200℃時，根據下列公式運算該溫度修正因子

，若否，使

； When the temperature corresponding to the electrical signal (corresponding to the temperature at the reflow point 224) is between 80°C and 200°C, calculate the temperature correction factor according to the following formula

, if not, make

;

； (公式9)

; (Formula 9)

其中，

為溫度，

、

、

、

為四溫度係數，可依實際需求而設定，例如，可設定為

、

、

、

。 in,

is the temperature,

,

It has four temperature coefficients and can be set according to actual needs. For example, it can be set as

,

.

該衝擊修正因子

： The shock correction factor

:

於 A＞15G(重力加速度)時，使

，若否，使

。其中， A為該感測器31所量測的加速度值。 When A>15G (gravitational acceleration), use

, if not, make

. Wherein, A is the acceleration value measured by the sensor 31 .

參閱圖1及圖4，依應用流程進行說明：Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4, and explain according to the application process:

步驟61：該感測單元3感測應力、行程、速度、溫度及加速度，並輸出對應的該等電氣訊號。Step 61: The sensing unit 3 senses stress, stroke, speed, temperature and acceleration, and outputs the corresponding electrical signals.

步驟62：該控制單元4接收該等電氣訊號，依據所執行的工作程序，將該等電器訊號拆分為複數週期(cycle)，接著，再將每一個週期切分為複數區間(period)。Step 62: The control unit 4 receives the electrical signals, divides the electrical signals into multiple cycles according to the executed working procedures, and then divides each cycle into multiple intervals (periods).

步驟63：根據該等電氣訊號及上述運算方法，分別運算所選擇的至少4種修正因子與該實際工作當量

。 Step 63: Calculate the selected at least 4 correction factors and the actual working equivalent according to the electrical signals and the above calculation method

.

步驟64：根據該實際工作當量

、預存的該理論工作當量

與該系統安全係數

，以上述公式2運算該損耗壽命當量

。 Step 64: According to the actual working equivalent

, the pre-stored theoretical work equivalent

with the system safety factor

, use the above formula 2 to calculate the loss life equivalent

.

步驟65：根據該損耗壽命當量

、累計的工作週期數量CY及該理論壽命值

運算該壽命值

，並將該壽命值

顯示於該顯示單元5以告知使用者。 Step 65: According to the loss life equivalent

, the cumulative number of working cycles CY and the theoretical life value

Calculate the lifetime value

, and the lifetime value

displayed on the display unit 5 to inform the user.

值得說明的是，也可將步驟64、65替換為先根據公式4運算出實際壽命值

後，再根據累計的工作週期數量

及實際壽命值

運算該壽命值

(公式1)。 It is worth noting that

steps

64 and 65 can also be replaced by first calculating the actual life value according to formula 4

After that, according to the accumulated number of working cycles

and actual life value

Calculate the lifetime value

(Formula 1).

依實際案例進行說明，以下列表1之螺桿規格參數進行運算，可得出於下列表2~4之操作條件下的行程修正因子

、溫度修正因子

、衝擊修正因子

、負荷修正因子

、速度修正因子

、實際工作當量

、損耗壽命當量

、壽命耗損比例

。由表2~4中可見，將表3、4之數值與表2(一般條件)進行比較，於表3之高負荷運作時，其損耗壽命當量

大增，會導致壽命耗損比例

增加，即，每一個運作週期所損耗的壽命會大於其理論上會損耗的壽命，而於表4的短行程低負荷運作時，其損耗壽命當量

降低，會導致壽命耗損比例

下降，即，每一個運作週期所損耗的壽命會小於其理論上會損耗的壽命。

螺桿規格參數螺桿外徑(OD) 100 mm 導程(Lead) 25 mm 珠徑(Ball Dia.) 19.05 mm 基礎捲數(Turns Unit) 3.8 - 捲數(Turn No.) 2 - 額定動負荷Ca 81410 kgf 理論工作當量

24423 kgf 系統安全係數

1.3 - 允許的最大應力值 2.0 GPa 允許最高DN值

160,000 rpm-mm 最大行程(Stroke) 100 mm 理論壽命值

2,107,250 cycle

表1 According to the actual case, the stroke correction factor under the operating conditions in the following tables 2~4 can be obtained by calculating the screw specification parameters in the following table 1

, temperature correction factor

, Shock Correction Factor

, load correction factor

, speed correction factor

, actual work equivalent

, loss of life equivalent

, life loss ratio

. It can be seen from Tables 2 to 4, comparing the values in Tables 3 and 4 with Table 2 (General Conditions), when the high-load operation in Table 3, the loss life equivalent

A large increase will lead to the proportion of life loss

increase, that is, the life lost in each operation cycle will be greater than its theoretically lost life, and in the short-stroke and low-load operation in Table 4, the loss life equivalent

Decrease, which will lead to the proportion of life loss

drop, that is, the life lost per operating cycle will be less than its theoretically lost life.

Screw specifications Screw outer diameter (OD) 100 mm Lead 25 mm Bead diameter (Ball Dia.) 19.05 mm Number of basic rolls (Turns Unit) 3.8 - Volume (Turn No.) 2 - Rated dynamic load Ca 81410 kgf Theoretical work equivalent

24423 kgf System Safety Factor

1.3 - Maximum allowable stress value 2.0 GPa Maximum DN value allowed

160,000 rpm-mm Maximum stroke (Stroke) 100 mm Theoretical life value

2,107,250 cycle

Table 1

其中，捲數(Turn No.)指基礎捲數 (turns unit)的數量，以圖2中為例，捲數為2，即，具有2個循環單元(兩串滾珠)。

為時間ti時的轉速，以表2為例，此案例中，由階段1、階段2之不同負荷與速度構成一個週期運動。在這個週期運動下之實際最高轉速

為750rpm。

操作條件1 (一般條件) 行程 100 mm

1 工作溫度 60 ℃

1 工作時的最大振動(衝擊力) 1 G

1 時間 ti

負荷Fi

1. 3 750 15000 1.6 1 1 2. 2 200 2000 0.8 1 1 週期平均轉速

530 rpm 實際工作當量

16844 kgf 損耗壽命當量

15 % 壽命耗損比例(

) 7.1E-8 1/cycle

表2

操作條件2 (高負荷) 行程 100 mm

1 工作溫度 100 ℃

0.9 工作時的最大振動(衝擊力) 1 G

1 時間 ti

負荷Fi

1. 3 750 35000 2.1 1.16 1 2. 2 2000 500 0.5 1 1.25 週期平均轉速

1250 rpm 實際工作當量

37970 kgf 損耗壽命當量

171 % 壽命耗損比例(

) 8.1E-7 1/cycle

表3

操作條件3 (短行程低負荷) 行程 75 mm

1.13 工作溫度 100 ℃

0.9 工作時的最大振動(衝擊力) 1 G

1 時間 ti

負荷Fi

1. 3 1000 1000 0.7 1 1 2. 2 2000 500 0.5 1 1.25 週期平均轉速

1400 rpm 實際工作當量

1164 kgf 損耗壽命當量

0.00492 % 壽命耗損比例(

) 1.8E-11 1/cycle

表4 Wherein, the number of turns (Turn No.) refers to the number of basic turns (turns unit). Taking Figure 2 as an example, the number of turns is 2, that is, there are 2 circulation units (two strings of balls).

is the rotational speed at time ti. Take Table 2 as an example. In this case, the different loads and speeds of phase 1 and phase 2 constitute a periodic motion. The actual maximum speed under this cycle motion

750rpm.

Operating Conditions 1 (General Conditions) journey 100 mm

1 Operating temperature 60 ℃

1 Maximum vibration (impact force) at work 1 G

1 time ti

Load Fi

1. 3 750 15000 1.6 1 1 2. 2 200 2000 0.8 1 1 Period average speed

530 rpm Actual work equivalent

16844 kgf Lost Life Equivalent

15 % life loss ratio (

) 7.1E-8 1/cycle

Table 2

Operating condition 2 (high load) journey 100 mm

1 Operating temperature 100 ℃

0.9 Maximum vibration (impact force) at work 1 G

1 time ti

Load Fi

1. 3 750 35000 2.1 1.16 1 2. 2 2000 500 0.5 1 1.25 Period average speed

1250 rpm Actual work equivalent

37970 kgf Lost Life Equivalent

171 % life loss ratio (

) 8.1E-7 1/cycle

table 3

Operating condition 3 (short stroke and low load) journey 75 mm

1.13 Operating temperature 100 ℃

0.9 Maximum vibration (impact force) at work 1 G

1 time ti

Load Fi

1. 3 1000 1000 0.7 1 1 2. 2 2000 500 0.5 1 1.25 Period average speed

1400 rpm Actual work equivalent

1164 kgf Lost Life Equivalent

0.00492 % life loss ratio (

) 1.8E-11 1/cycle

Table 4

值得一提的是，該線性傳動裝置維護方法還可根據以下公式運算一油耗當量

及一油耗壽命

，並可將運算所得之該油耗當量

與該油耗壽命

輸出至該顯示單元5供使用者觀看。其中，該油耗當量

為理論潤滑週期與實際潤滑週期之比值。 It is worth mentioning that this linear transmission maintenance method can also calculate a fuel consumption equivalent according to the following formula

and a fuel consumption life

, and the calculated fuel consumption equivalent

with the fuel consumption life

output to the display unit 5 for users to watch. Among them, the fuel consumption equivalent

It is the ratio of the theoretical lubrication period to the actual lubrication period.

使用者可根據該油耗壽命

而判斷是否要開啟注油機(圖未示)補充潤滑油，或是由該控制單元4自動根據該油耗壽命

判斷是否開啟該注油機。 According to the fuel consumption life, the user can

And judge whether to open the lubricating machine (not shown) to supplement lubricating oil, or by this control unit 4 automatically according to this fuel consumption life

Determine whether to open the oiler.

； (公式10)

; (Formula 10)

其中，

為相關於油量損耗的一油耗變數；

、

為二油耗係數，可依實際需求設定，例如，可設定為

、

；

為允許最高負荷；

為該週期中，根據該電氣訊號所得之實際最高負荷。 in,

is a fuel consumption variable related to fuel loss;

,

is the second fuel consumption coefficient, which can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be set as

,

;

To allow the highest load;

It is the actual highest load obtained according to the electrical signal in this cycle.

於根據公式10求出該油耗當量

後，即可根據理論潤滑週期

與累計的工作週期數量

，依下列的公式11計算出目前的油耗壽命

，其中，(

)即為實際條件下，每個週期所造成的油耗比例。 Calculate the fuel consumption equivalent according to formula 10

After that, according to the theoretical lubrication cycle

with the cumulative number of duty cycles

, according to the following formula 11 to calculate the current fuel consumption life

,in,(

) is the proportion of fuel consumption caused by each cycle under actual conditions.

； (公式11)

; (Formula 11)

相同於上述該壽命值

之說明，於公式11中，是以剩餘的油耗壽命值作為說明，但亦可依實際需求而運算並顯示損耗的油耗壽命值。 Same as the life value above

The description in Formula 11 is based on the remaining fuel consumption life value, but it can also be calculated and displayed according to actual needs.

經由以上的說明，本實施例的功效如下：Through the above description, the effect of this embodiment is as follows:

一、藉由根據安裝於該線性運動單元2的該感測單元3所回饋的複數電氣訊號，運算至少4種修正因子，且其中至少2種修正因子與其對應之該電氣訊號為非線性關係，再根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該壽命值，由於是根據實際的使用情況進行運算，因此，可以提高該壽命值的估算準確度，可供設備商能更準確地根據機台的實際狀況而安排維修或零件更換行程，減少機台忽然故障停機所產生的損失。1. Calculating at least 4 kinds of correction factors according to the complex electrical signals fed back by the sensing unit 3 installed in the linear motion unit 2, and wherein at least 2 kinds of correction factors have a nonlinear relationship with the corresponding electrical signals, Then calculate the life value based on the electrical signals and the correction factors. Since the calculation is based on the actual use situation, the estimation accuracy of the life value can be improved, and the equipment manufacturer can more accurately base on the machine According to the actual situation, arrange the maintenance or parts replacement schedule to reduce the loss caused by the sudden failure of the machine.

二、藉由還根據該電氣訊號運算相關於油量損耗的該油耗變數，還可以得出目前的油耗壽命，供設備人員或該控制單元4判斷是否需要開啟注油機補充潤滑油，如此，同樣可以透過根據機台的實際操作情況適時地調整注油潤滑週期，而達到更佳的加工品質，與更高的使用壽命。2. By calculating the oil consumption variable related to the oil loss according to the electrical signal, the current oil consumption life can also be obtained, which can be used for equipment personnel or the control unit 4 to judge whether it is necessary to open the oil injection machine to replenish lubricating oil, so, the same Better processing quality and longer service life can be achieved by timely adjusting the oiling and lubrication cycle according to the actual operating conditions of the machine.

三、藉由將該感測器31對應於該迴流點224處設置，可供該感測器31更好地量測該迴流道223的出入口處的使用狀況，而能提供更接近實際狀態的量測數據，以進一步得到更準確的壽命值估算結果。3. By setting the sensor 31 corresponding to the return point 224, the sensor 31 can better measure the usage conditions at the entrance and exit of the return channel 223, and can provide a closer to the actual state Measure the data to further obtain a more accurate life value estimation result.

綜上所述，本發明線性傳動裝置維護方法及系統，確實能達成本發明的目的。To sum up, the linear transmission device maintenance method and system of the present invention can indeed achieve the purpose of the present invention.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。But what is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. Within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

2:線性運動單元 20:線性傳動裝置 21:長軸 22:移動件 221:本體 222:迴流組件 223:迴流道 224:迴流點 225:凹槽 23:滾動件 24:驅動裝置 241:驅動電路 242:馬達 3:感測單元 31:感測器 311:感測端 4:控制單元 5:顯示單元 61~65:步驟 9:傳輸線 D:預定距離 2: Linear Motion Unit 20: Linear actuator 21: long axis 22: Moving parts 221: Ontology 222: Reflow component 223: return channel 224: Reflow point 225: Groove 23: rolling parts 24: Drive device 241: Drive circuit 242: motor 3: Sensing unit 31: Sensor 311: Sensing terminal 4: Control unit 5: Display unit 61~65: Steps 9: Transmission line D: Predetermined distance

本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是本發明線性傳動裝置防護系統的一實施例的一方塊示意圖；圖2是該實施例的一不完整的分解示意圖；圖3是該實施例的一不完整的俯視示意圖；及圖4是本發明線性傳動裝置維護方法的一實施例的一應用流程圖。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the implementation manner with reference to the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the linear actuator protection system of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an incomplete exploded schematic diagram of this embodiment; Figure 3 is an incomplete top view of the embodiment; and Fig. 4 is an application flowchart of an embodiment of the method for maintaining the linear transmission device of the present invention.

61~65:步驟 61~65: Steps

Claims

一種線性傳動裝置維護方法，運用於一信號連接一驅動裝置的控制單元，該驅動裝置用以驅動一線性傳動裝置，該線性傳動裝置維護方法適用於運算該線性傳動裝置的一壽命值，並包含以下步驟：接收一安裝於該線性傳動裝置與該驅動裝置的感測單元所回饋的複數電氣訊號，根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，且根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該壽命值，其中至少2種修正因子與其對應之該電氣訊號為非線性關係，該等電氣訊號相關於應力、行程、速度、溫度及加速度其中至少4種。 A maintenance method for a linear transmission device, which is applied to a control unit whose signal is connected to a driving device, the driving device is used to drive a linear transmission device, the maintenance method for the linear transmission device is suitable for calculating a life value of the linear transmission device, and includes The following steps: receiving a complex electrical signal fed back by a sensing unit installed in the linear actuator and the driving device, calculating at least 4 correction factors based on the electrical signal, and calculating the correction factor based on the electrical signal and the correction factors The life value, wherein at least two correction factors and the corresponding electrical signals are in a non-linear relationship, and the electrical signals are related to at least four of stress, stroke, speed, temperature and acceleration.

如請求項1所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，分別根據該等電氣訊號中之應力、行程、速度、溫度與加速度的訊息運算5種修正因子，該5種修正因子分別為一負荷修正因子、一行程修正因子、一速度修正因子、一溫度修正因子與一衝擊修正因子。 The linear actuator maintenance method as described in Claim 1, wherein five kinds of correction factors are respectively calculated according to the information of stress, stroke, speed, temperature and acceleration in the electrical signals, and the five kinds of correction factors are respectively a load correction factor, a stroke correction factor, a speed correction factor, a temperature correction factor and an impact correction factor.

如請求項2所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算一實際工作當量，並根據該實際工作當量運算該壽命值。 The linear actuator maintenance method as described in Claim 2, wherein an actual working equivalent is calculated according to the electrical signals and the correction factors, and the life value is calculated based on the actual working equivalent.

如請求項3所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子依下列公式運算該實際工作當量F _act，並根據該實際工作當量F _act運算該壽命值：

其中，A _t為該溫度修正因子，A _s為該行程修正因子，A _i為該衝擊修正因子，A _f為該負荷修正因子，A _r為該速度修正因子，F _{i avg}為區間平均負荷，N _{i avg}為區間平均轉速，N _avg為週期平均轉速，t _i為區間時間，t _cycle為週期時間，n為一個週期內的區間數量。 The linear actuator maintenance method as described in claim 3, wherein the actual working equivalent F _act is calculated according to the electrical signals and the correction factors according to the following formula, and the life value is calculated according to the actual working equivalent F _act :

Among them, At _is the temperature correction factor, As is the _{stroke correction factor, A i is the impact correction factor, A f} is _the load _correction factor, Ar is the speed correction factor, F i _avg is _the interval average load, N _{i avg} is the interval average speed, N _avg is the cycle average speed, t _i is the interval time, t _cycle is the cycle time, n is the number of intervals in one cycle.

如請求項4所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，於P _max>2.0GPa時，根據下列公式運算該負荷修正因子A _f，若否，使A _f=1：A _f=a _f×P _max ³；其中，P _max為根據該電氣訊號所得之最大應力值，a _f為一負荷係數。 The linear transmission device maintenance method as described in claim item 4, wherein, when P _max >2.0 GPa , calculate the load correction factor A _f according to the following formula, if not, make A _f =1: A _f = a _f × P _max ³ ; among them, P _max is the maximum stress value obtained from the electrical signal, and a _f is a load factor.

如請求項4所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，於該電氣訊號所對應之溫度介於80~200℃時，根據下列公式運算該溫度修正因子A _t，若否，使A _t=1：A _t=a _t1×T ³+a _t2×T ²+a _t3×T+a _t4；其中，T為溫度，a _t1、a _t2、a _t3、a _t4為四溫度係數。 The linear actuator maintenance method as described in claim 4, wherein, when the temperature corresponding to the electrical signal is between 80 and 200°C, the temperature correction factor A _t is calculated according to the following formula, if not, make A _t =1 : A _t = a _{t 1} × T ³ + a _{t 2} × T ² + a _{t 3} × T + a _{t 4} ; where, T is temperature, at ₁ , at ₂ , a _{t 3} , a t ₄ are Four temperature coefficients.

如請求項1所述的線性傳動裝置維護方法，其中，還根據以下公式運算一相關於油量損耗的油耗變數f：

其中，d _o、b_o為二油耗係數，F _MAX為允許最高負荷，F _op為根據該電氣訊號所得之實際最高負荷，DN _MAX為允許最高DN值，DN _op為根據該電氣訊號所得之實際最高DN值，DN值為該線性傳動裝置之一長軸的外徑與轉速的乘積。 The linear transmission maintenance method as described in Claim 1, wherein a fuel consumption variable f related to oil loss is also calculated according to the following formula:

Among them, d _o and b _o are two fuel consumption coefficients, F _MAX is the allowable maximum load, F _op is the actual maximum load obtained from the electrical signal, DN _MAX is the allowable maximum DN value, DN _op is the actual load obtained from the electrical signal The highest DN value, the DN value is the product of the outer diameter of one of the major axes of the linear transmission device and the rotational speed.

一種線性傳動裝置防護系統，包含：一線性運動單元，包括一線性傳動裝置，及一用以驅動該線性傳動裝置的驅動裝置；一感測單元，設置於該線性運動單元，用以感測該線性運動單元之運作而輸出複數電氣訊號，該等電氣訊號相關於應力、行程、速度、溫度及加速度其中至少4種；及一控制單元，信號連接該線性運動單元與該感測單元，用以控制該線性運動單元運作，並根據該等電氣訊號運算至少4種修正因子，其中至少2種修正因子與其對應之該電氣訊號為非線性關係，且該控制單元根據該等電氣訊號與該等修正因子運算該線性傳動裝置的一壽命值。 A protection system for a linear transmission device, comprising: a linear motion unit, including a linear transmission device, and a driving device for driving the linear transmission device; a sensing unit, arranged on the linear motion unit, for sensing the The operation of the linear motion unit outputs a plurality of electrical signals, the electrical signals are related to at least four of stress, stroke, speed, temperature and acceleration; and a control unit, the signal is connected to the linear motion unit and the sensing unit for Control the operation of the linear motion unit, and calculate at least 4 kinds of correction factors according to the electrical signals, at least 2 of which have a nonlinear relationship with the corresponding electrical signals, and the control unit is based on the electrical signals and the correction factors factoring a life value of the linear actuator.

如請求項8所述的線性傳動裝置防護系統，其中，該線性傳動裝置具有一長軸、一設置於該長軸上且界定至少一迴流道的移動件，及複數滾動件，該等滾動件於該長軸與該移動件間、及該至少一迴流道中滾動，定義該等滾動件進出該至少一迴流道的其中一個出入口為一迴流點，該感測單元包括一設置於該移動件的感測器，該感測器與該迴流點於該長軸延伸方向上的距離小於3倍的該滾動件之直徑。 The linear transmission device protection system according to claim 8, wherein the linear transmission device has a major axis, a moving member disposed on the major axis and defining at least one return channel, and a plurality of rolling members, and the rolling members Rolling between the long axis and the moving part and in the at least one return channel, defining one of the entrances and exits of the rolling parts entering and exiting the at least one return channel is a return point, and the sensing unit includes a device arranged on the moving part A sensor, the distance between the sensor and the reflow point in the extending direction of the major axis is less than 3 times the diameter of the rolling element.