TWI797641B - protect the circuit - Google Patents
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- TWI797641B TWI797641B TW110121801A TW110121801A TWI797641B TW I797641 B TWI797641 B TW I797641B TW 110121801 A TW110121801 A TW 110121801A TW 110121801 A TW110121801 A TW 110121801A TW I797641 B TWI797641 B TW I797641B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之課題在於以更簡單之構成實現保護電池組免受過量充電與過熱影響之保護電路及電池包。 本發明提供一種保護電路，其保護鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包免受過量充電與過熱影響，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；第1開關元件及第2開關元件，其等並聯連接於電池組與外部端子之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之第3開關元件控制。The subject of the present invention is to realize a protection circuit and a battery pack for protecting a battery pack from overcharging and overheating with a simpler structure. The present invention provides a protection circuit, which protects a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery from overcharging and overheating, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting more than one secondary battery unit; The control unit outputs a control signal according to the voltage of the cell or the battery pack; the first switching element and the second switching element are connected in parallel to the current circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal, and receive signals from the signal control unit To perform on/off control; and a protection element, which has a built-in fuse assembly and a thermistor, the fuse assembly and the discharge circuit are connected in parallel, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by the third switching element connected to the signal control part control.
Description
本發明係關於一種具備保護元件之電池包(battery pack)之保護裝置、保護電路及電池包，上述保護元件具有熱敏電阻器與保險絲組件。The present invention relates to a protection device, a protection circuit and a battery pack of a battery pack equipped with a protection element. The protection element has a thermistor and a fuse assembly.
鋰離子電池即便為如用於行動電話時所採用之單電池形式，亦必定以電池包形態而製品化，此處之電池包形態係指將鋰離子電池與用於確保安全之保護電路(Safety Unit)配套地組入殼體內。原因在於，鋰離子電池之單電池本身難以確保實用上之安全性。鋰離子電池之安全性之特徵可例舉對過量充電與過熱之耐受性較差。因此，電池包係將用於確保安全性之保護電路、保護元件、保險絲等與電池成套地收納於塑膠殼體等外裝罐而成，一面偵測電壓、電流、溫度等，一面由充放電控制系統(電池管理系統，BMS)控制電池之充放電。Even if the lithium-ion battery is in the form of a single battery used in a mobile phone, it must be manufactured in the form of a battery pack. The form of the battery pack here refers to the combination of the lithium-ion battery and the protection circuit (Safety Unit) is assembled into the housing in a matching manner. The reason is that it is difficult to ensure the practical safety of a lithium-ion battery cell itself. The safety characteristics of lithium-ion batteries can be exemplified by poor tolerance to overcharging and overheating. Therefore, the battery pack is made by storing the protective circuit, protective element, fuse, etc. used to ensure safety and the battery in a plastic casing and other external cans. On the one hand, the voltage, current, temperature, etc. The control system (battery management system, BMS) controls the charge and discharge of the battery.
搭載有數個鋰離子電池之二次電池單體(cell)之電池包係將保護元件與電池串聯連接，以防止電池在異常狀態下充放電。該保護元件於電池在異常狀態下充放電時將電流切斷。為了於異常時切斷電池之電流，保護元件內藏會因過電流之焦耳熱而熔斷之低熔點金屬所形成之保險絲組件。進而，保護元件中內藏有熱敏電阻器，當存在電池被過量充電之異常時，可對熱敏電阻器通電而使低熔點金屬之保險絲組件於短時間內加熱熔斷。(參照專利文獻1) 上述保護元件連接於電池包之保護電路，由監視各單體之電壓之保護積體電路(Protection IC，Protection Integrated Circuit)與場效電晶體(FET，Field Effect Transistor)等控制元件控制保險絲組件之動作。例如，專利文獻2中所記載之電池包之充放電控制電路所利用之保護元件藉由感應電池包之過電流及周圍溫度之上升或以既定條件對熱敏電阻器通電，而強制地使保險絲作動，從而將電路切斷。即，該保護元件可於保護電路偵測到機器中產生之異常時藉由信號電流使電阻元件發熱，利用該發熱使包含可熔合金之保險絲組件(亦稱為保險絲元件)熔斷而將電路切斷，或者藉由過電流使保險絲組件熔斷而將電路切斷，以實現機器安全。The battery pack of the secondary battery unit (cell) equipped with several lithium-ion batteries is connected in series with the protection element and the battery to prevent the battery from being charged and discharged under abnormal conditions. The protection element cuts off the current when the battery is charged and discharged in an abnormal state. In order to cut off the current of the battery in case of abnormality, the protective element contains a fuse component formed by a low-melting-point metal that will be melted due to the Joule heat of over-current. Furthermore, a thermistor is built into the protection element, and when there is an abnormality that the battery is overcharged, the thermistor can be energized to heat and fuse the low-melting-point metal fuse assembly in a short time. (refer to patent document 1) The above protection components are connected to the protection circuit of the battery pack, and the fuse components are controlled by control components such as Protection IC (Protection Integrated Circuit) and field effect transistor (FET, Field Effect Transistor) that monitor the voltage of each cell. action. For example, the protection element used in the charging and discharging control circuit of the battery pack described in Patent Document 2 senses the overcurrent of the battery pack and the rise in ambient temperature or energizes the thermistor under a predetermined condition, and forcibly turns on the fuse. actuation to cut off the circuit. That is, the protection element can heat the resistance element through the signal current when the protection circuit detects an abnormality in the machine, and use the heat to blow the fuse element (also called the fuse element) containing the fusible alloy to cut off the circuit. Break, or cut off the circuit by fusing the fuse assembly through overcurrent, so as to achieve machine safety.
習知之電池包之構成較為複雜。即，保護電路中需要數個保護元件，至少於放電系統與充電系統中分別使用不同之保護元件。又，保護電路中需要多個包含構成開閉器之FET(開關元件)、二極體(整流元件)等之半導體元件，其中至少於放電電路系統中使用2個，於充電電路系統中使用2個，另外用1個控制保護元件之動作。自切換控制部輸出至第1及第2開閉器之2個信號必須始終彼此反相。其原因在於，假如信號為同相，則會於2個開閉器與2個保護元件間形成迴路，因此，有導致系統故障之風險。習知之保護電路於進行信號控制時存在上述風險。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]The composition of the conventional battery pack is relatively complicated. That is, several protection elements are required in the protection circuit, at least different protection elements are used in the discharge system and the charge system. In addition, the protection circuit requires a plurality of semiconductor elements including FET (switching element) and diode (rectifying element) constituting the switch, of which at least two are used in the discharge circuit system and two are used in the charging circuit system , In addition, use one to control the action of the protection element. The two signals output from the switching control unit to the first and second switches must always be in opposite phases of each other. The reason is that if the signals are in the same phase, a loop will be formed between the two switches and the two protection elements, and therefore there is a risk of system failure. Conventional protection circuits have the above-mentioned risks when performing signal control. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2017-228379號公報 [專利文獻2]日本專利特開2012-231649號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-228379 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-231649
(發明所欲解決之問題)(Problem to be solved by the invention)
本發明係為了如下目的而提出，即以更簡單之構成實現保護電池組(battery)免受過量充電與過熱影響之保護電路及電池包，從而降低上述系統風險。 (解決問題之技術手段)The present invention is proposed for the purpose of implementing a protection circuit and a battery pack for protecting a battery from overcharging and overheating with a simpler structure, thereby reducing the above-mentioned system risk. (technical means to solve the problem)
根據本發明，提出一種保護電路，其保護鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包免受過量充電與過熱影響，且具備： 電池組(battery)，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；第1開關元件及第2開關元件，其等並聯連接於電池組與外部端子之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之第3開關元件控制。According to the present invention, a protection circuit is proposed, which protects the battery pack of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries from overcharging and overheating, and has: A battery pack (battery), which is formed by connecting more than one secondary battery cell; a signal control unit, which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of the cell or the battery pack; the first switch element and the second switch element, which The current circuit connected in parallel between the battery pack and the external terminal, and receives the signal from the signal control part to perform on/off control; and the protection element, which has a built-in fuse assembly and thermistor, and the fuse assembly and The discharge circuit is connected in parallel, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by the third switch element connected to the signal control part.
本發明之開關元件包括場效電晶體(FET)、金氧半導體場效電晶體(MOSFET，Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor)、絕緣閘雙極電晶體(IGBT，Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)等開關電晶體或包含該開關元件之保護電路模組。The switching element of the present invention includes a field-effect transistor (FET), a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), etc. A switching transistor or a protection circuit module including the switching element.
本發明之保護電路被應用於電池包之充放電裝置。即，提供一種充放電裝置，其係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包之充放電裝置，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；第1開關元件及第2開關元件，其等並聯連接於電池組與外部端子之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之第3開關元件控制；信號控制部可於充電時使第1開關元件斷開並且使第2開關元件接通，於放電時使第1開關元件接通並且使第2開關元件斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件具有保險絲組件，該保險絲組件於流經第2開關元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時熔斷，或者於單體或電池組之電壓超過既定之電壓值時，藉由熱敏電阻器之通電發熱而熔斷。The protection circuit of the present invention is applied to the charging and discharging device of the battery pack. That is, to provide a charging and discharging device, which is a charging and discharging device for a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting one or more single cells of the secondary battery; a signal control unit , which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of a single cell or a battery pack; the first switching element and the second switching element are connected in parallel to the current circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal, and receive signals from the signal control unit to perform On/off control; and a protection element, which contains a fuse assembly and a thermistor, the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by the third switch element connected to the signal control part; The signal control unit can turn off the first switching element and turn on the second switching element when charging, and turn on the first switching element and turn off the second switching element when discharging, so as to control the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. On/off control, and the protection element has a fuse assembly, which fuses when the value of the current flowing through the charging circuit of the second switching element exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, or when the voltage of the cell or battery pack exceeds When the predetermined voltage value is reached, the thermistor will be fused due to the heat generated by energization.
本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置被應用於電池包。即，提供一種電池包，其係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；第1開關元件及第2開關元件，其等並聯連接於電池組與外部端子之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之第3開關元件控制；信號控制部係於充電時使第1開關元件斷開並且使第2開關元件接通，於放電時使第1開關元件接通並且使第2開關元件斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件係於流經第2開關元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部，於單體或電池組超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器發熱而熔斷保險絲組件，從而將充電電路切斷。The protection circuit or charging and discharging device of the present invention is applied to a battery pack. That is, to provide a battery pack, which is a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting one or more secondary battery cells; Or the voltage output control signal of the battery pack; the first switching element and the second switching element are connected in parallel to the current circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal, and receive the signal from the signal control part to turn on/off Control; and protection components, the built-in fuse assembly and thermistor, the fuse assembly and the discharge circuit are connected in parallel, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by the third switch element connected to the signal control part; the signal control part is connected to When charging, the first switching element is turned off and the second switching element is turned on, and when discharging, the first switching element is turned on and the second switching element is turned off, and the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are turned on/off Control, the protection element is when the value of the current flowing through the charging circuit of the second switching element exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, the fuse assembly is blown to cut off the charging circuit, and through the signal control part, in the single cell or the battery pack When the voltage exceeds the predetermined value, the thermistor will heat up and the fuse assembly will be blown, thereby cutting off the charging circuit.
本發明之電池包被用於行動裝置等不用電線之電氣機器。即，提供一種電氣機器，其利用鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具有：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；電池包，其具有控制該電池組之充放電之保護電路或充放電裝置；及機器本體，其與該電池包裝卸自如地連接，供對電池包加以充電或接受來自電池包之電源供給而驅動；電池包具備：信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；第1開關元件及第2開關元件，其等並聯連接於電池組與外部端子之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之第3開關元件控制；信號控制部係於充電時使第1開關元件斷開並且使第2開關元件接通，於放電時使第1開關元件接通並且使第2開關元件斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件係於流經第2開關元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部，於單體或電池組超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器發熱而熔斷保險絲組件，從而將充電電路切斷。The battery pack of the present invention is used in electrical equipment such as mobile devices that do not use wires. That is, to provide an electric device that uses a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack that is formed by connecting one or more single cells of the secondary battery; a battery pack that controls the battery The protective circuit or charging and discharging device for charging and discharging of the battery pack; and the main body of the machine, which is detachably connected to the battery pack, for charging the battery pack or receiving power supply from the battery pack for driving; the battery pack has: a signal control unit , which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of a single cell or a battery pack; the first switching element and the second switching element are connected in parallel to the current circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal, and receive signals from the signal control unit to perform On/off control; and a protection element, which contains a fuse assembly and a thermistor, the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by the third switch element connected to the signal control part; The signal control unit turns off the first switching element and turns on the second switching element during charging, and turns on the first switching element and turns off the second switching element during discharging, so as to control the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. On/off control, the protection element is when the current value of the charging circuit flowing through the second switching element exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, the fuse assembly is blown to cut off the charging circuit, and through the signal control part, at When a single cell or a battery pack exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the thermistor will heat up and the fuse assembly will be blown, thereby cutting off the charging circuit.
根據本發明之另一觀點，提出一種保護電路，其保護鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包免受過量充電與過熱影響，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其監視單體或電池組之電壓並根據其測定量輸出控制信號；切換控制元件，其連接於電池組與電池包之外部端子之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之開關元件控制。According to another aspect of the present invention, a protection circuit is proposed, which protects a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery from overcharging and overheating, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting more than one single cell ; Signal control unit, which monitors the voltage of a single cell or a battery pack and outputs a control signal according to its measured value; a switching control element, which is connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal of the battery pack, and receives signals from The signal of the signal control part is thus on/off controlled; and the protection element has a built-in fuse assembly and a thermistor, and the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is connected to the signal control part. The switching element control.
進而，上述具備切換控制元件之保護電路被應用於充放電裝置。即，提供一種充放電裝置，其係具備上述切換控制元件之鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包之充放電裝置，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件，其連接於電池組與電池包之外部端子之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之開關元件控制；切換控制元件可於充電時藉由信號控制部使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時藉由信號控制部使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件具有保險絲組件，該保險絲組件於流經切換控制元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時熔斷，或者於單體或電池組之電壓超過既定之電壓值時，藉由熱敏電阻器之通電發熱而熔斷。Furthermore, the protection circuit including the switching control element described above is applied to a charging and discharging device. That is, to provide a charging and discharging device, which is a charging and discharging device for a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery provided with the above-mentioned switching control element, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting one or more monomers; The control unit outputs the control signal according to the voltage of the single cell or the battery pack; the switching control element is connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit between the battery pack and the external terminals of the battery pack, and receives the signal from the signal control unit to perform On/off control; and a protection element, which has a built-in fuse assembly and a thermistor, the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by a switching element connected to the signal control part; switching control When the element is charged, the discharge circuit can be disconnected and the charging circuit can be connected by the signal control part, and the discharge circuit can be connected and the charging circuit can be disconnected by the signal control part when discharging, so that the charging circuit and the discharging circuit can be connected. On/off control, and the protection element has a fuse assembly, which fuses when the value of the current flowing through the charging circuit of the switching control element exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, or when the voltage of the cell or battery pack exceeds the predetermined value When the voltage value is higher, the thermistor will be fused due to the heat generated by energization.
上述包含切換控制元件之保護電路及充放電裝置可用於電池包。即，提供一種電池包，其係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具備：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件，其連接於電池組與電池包之外部端子之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之開關元件控制；信號控制部係於充電時使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件係於流經切換控制元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部，於單體或電池組超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器發熱而熔斷保險絲組件，從而將充電電路切斷。The protection circuit and charging and discharging device including the switching control element mentioned above can be used in a battery pack. That is, to provide a battery pack, which is a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack formed by connecting one or more secondary battery cells; Or the voltage output control signal of the battery pack; the switching control element, which is connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal of the battery pack, and receives the signal from the signal control part to perform on/off control; And the protection element, which has a built-in fuse assembly and a thermistor, and the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by a switching element connected to the signal control part; the signal control part is used to discharge when charging The circuit is disconnected and the charging circuit is connected. When discharging, the discharging circuit is connected and the charging circuit is disconnected, and the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are connected/disconnected. The protection element is connected to the switching control element. When the current value of the charging circuit exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, the fuse assembly will be blown to cut off the charging circuit, and the signal control part will make the thermistor heat up when the voltage value of the single cell or the battery pack exceeds the predetermined value. Blow the fuse assembly, thereby disconnecting the charging circuit.
本發明之包含切換控制元件之電池包可用於行動裝置等不用電線之電氣機器。即，提供一種電氣機器，其利用鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具有：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體連接而成；電池包，其具有控制該電池組之充放電之保護電路或充放電裝置；及機器本體，其與該電池包裝卸自如地連接，供對電池包加以充電或接受來自電池包之電源供給而驅動；電池包具備：信號控制部，其根據單體或電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件，其連接於電池組與電池包之外部端子之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，保險絲組件與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於信號控制部之開關元件控制；信號控制部係於充電時使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件係於流經切換控制元件之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部，於單體或電池組超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器發熱而熔斷保險絲組件，從而將充電電路切斷。 (對照先前技術之功效)The battery pack including the switching control element of the present invention can be used in electric machines such as mobile devices that do not use wires. That is, to provide an electric device that uses a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack that is formed by connecting one or more single cells of the secondary battery; a battery pack that controls the battery The protective circuit or charging and discharging device for charging and discharging of the battery pack; and the main body of the machine, which is detachably connected to the battery pack, for charging the battery pack or receiving power supply from the battery pack for driving; the battery pack has: a signal control unit , which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of a single cell or a battery pack; a switching control element, which is connected to the discharge circuit and the charging circuit between the battery pack and the external terminal of the battery pack, and receives a signal from the signal control unit to switch on /disconnection control; and a protection element, which has a built-in fuse assembly and a thermistor, and the fuse assembly is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor is controlled by a switching element connected to the signal control part; the signal control part is When charging, the discharge circuit is turned off and the charging circuit is turned on; when discharging, the discharge circuit is turned on and the charging circuit is turned off, and the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are turned on/off controlled, and the protection element is connected to the current When the current value of the charging circuit of the switching control element exceeds the predetermined fusing current value, the fuse element will be blown to cut off the charging circuit, and through the signal control part, when the voltage value of the single cell or the battery pack exceeds the predetermined value, the heat will be generated. The varistor heats up and blows the fuse assembly, thereby cutting off the charging circuit. (compared to the effect of previous technology)
本發明提供構成更簡便之電池包之保護裝置。The invention provides a protection device for forming a simpler battery pack.
如圖1所示，本發明之保護電路10係保護鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包免受過量充電與過熱影響之保護電路，且包括：電池組12，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體11串聯連接而成；信號控制部13，其根據單體11或電池組12之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件15-1及1個第2開關元件15-2，其等並聯連接於電池組12與外部端子14之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部13之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及1個保護元件16，其內藏保險絲組件16-1與熱敏電阻器16-2，保險絲組件16-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器16-2之動作由連接於信號控制部13之第3開關元件15-3控制。如圖1所示，保護電路10可僅藉由信號控制部13控制充放電電路之切換，從而可簡化電路構成，並且降低控制部產生故障(錯誤)之風險。保護電路10藉由視需要設置如圖8所示之包括電阻元件89-1與電容器元件89-2之延遲電路89，可使施加電壓延遲，從而可緩衝開關時之湧入電流等過沖電流。As shown in FIG. 1 , the
上述保護電路10被應用於電池包之充放電裝置。即，提供一種充放電裝置，其係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包之充放電裝置，且具備：電池組12，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體11串聯連接而成；信號控制部13，其根據單體11或電池組12之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件15-1及1個第2開關元件15-2，其等並聯連接於電池組12與外部端子14之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部13之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件16，其內藏保險絲組件16-1與熱敏電阻器16-2，保險絲組件16-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器16-2之動作由連接於信號控制部13之第3開關元件15-3控制；信號控制部13可於充電時使第1開關元件15-1斷開並且使第2開關元件15-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件15-1接通並且使第2開關元件15-2斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件16具有保險絲組件16-1，該保險絲組件16-1於流經第2開關元件15-2之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時熔斷，或者於單體11或電池組12之電壓超過既定之電壓值時，藉由熱敏電阻器16-2之通電發熱而熔斷。The
於上述保護電路或充放電裝置中，第2開關元件15-2配置於單體11或電池組12與保護元件16之間。或者，於本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置之另一例中，保護元件16配置於單體11或電池組12與第2開關元件15-2之間。In the above protection circuit or charge and discharge device, the second switching element 15 - 2 is arranged between the
又，於本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置中，第1開關元件15-1連接於電池組12與電池包之外部端子14之間，包括1個開關電晶體，該開關電晶體接收來自根據單體11之電壓輸出控制信號之信號控制部13之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制，第2開關元件15-2與第1開關元件15-1並聯連接，包括接收來自信號控制部13之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制的1個開關電晶體，且第1開關元件15-1與第2開關元件15-2構成為開關電晶體中之內部二極體之偏壓方向彼此相反，信號控制部13實施如下接通/斷開控制，即，於充電時使第1開關元件15-1斷開並且使第2開關元件15-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件15-1接通並且使第2開關元件15-2斷開。例如，第1開關元件15-1及第2開關元件15-2可分別包括1個場效電晶體，若第1開關元件15-1與第2開關元件15-2構成為場效電晶體中之內部二極體之偏壓方向彼此相反，則可藉由信號控制部13進行如下接通/斷開控制，即，於充電時使第1開關元件15-1斷開並且使第2開關元件15-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件15-1接通並且使第2開關元件15-2斷開。Also, in the protection circuit or the charging and discharging device of the present invention, the first switching element 15-1 is connected between the
保護電路10亦可如圖2所示之保護電路20般變形。即，具備：電池組22，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體21串聯連接而成；信號控制部23，其根據單體21或電池組22之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件25-1及1個第2開關元件25-2，其等並聯連接於電池組22與外部端子24之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部23之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件26，其內藏保險絲組件26-1與熱敏電阻器26-2，保險絲組件26-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器26-2之動作由連接於信號控制部23之第3開關元件25-3控制；信號控制部23亦可將其信號電路分支並於任一個信號電路設置反相器元件(反相放大元件)27，於該分支出之信號電路之一側連接第1開關元件25-1之閘極，於另一側連接第2開關元件25-2之閘極。於該情形時，第1開關元件25-1及第2開關元件25-2中之一者具有反相器元件27，因此可共用1個信號路徑。該變形例可如圖2所示般藉由來自信號控制部23之單一信號控制充放電電路之切換，從而可簡化電路構成，並且降低控制部產生錯誤之風險。The
又，本發明之保護電路10亦可如圖3所示之保護電路30般變形，即，具備：電池組32，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體31串聯連接而成；信號控制部33，其根據單體31或電池組32之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件35-1及1個第2開關元件35-2，其等並聯連接於電池組32與外部端子34之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部33之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件36，其內藏保險絲組件36-1與熱敏電阻器36-2，保險絲組件36-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器36-2之動作由連接於信號控制部33之第3開關元件35-3控制；信號控制部33將其信號電路分支並於任一個信號電路設置反相器元件(反相放大元件)37，於該分支出之信號電路之一側連接第1開關元件35-1之閘極，於另一側連接第2開關元件35-2之閘極。於該情形時，第1開關元件35-1及第2開關元件35-2中之一者具有反相器元件37，因此可共用1個信號電路。保護元件36配置於電池組32與第2開關元件35-2之間，且於熱敏電阻器36-2與保險絲組件36-1超過既定之熔斷溫度時，或者經由第2開關元件35-2流經保險絲組件36-1之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，將充電電路切斷，上述熱敏電阻器36-2係藉由根據單體31或電池組32之電壓輸出控制信號的信號控制部33而於單體31或電池組32超過既定之電壓值時被通電從而發熱，上述保險絲組件36-1相對於第1開關元件35-1並聯連接。如圖3所示，保護電路30可藉由來自信號控制部33之單一信號控制充放電電路之切換，從而可簡化電路構成，並且降低控制部產生故障之風險。Again, the protection circuit 10 of the present invention can also be deformed like the protection circuit 30 shown in Figure 3, that is, it has: a battery pack 32, which is formed by connecting in series the monomers 31 of more than one secondary battery; Part 33, which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of the cell 31 or the battery pack 32; a first switching element 35-1 and a second switching element 35-2, which are connected in parallel to the battery pack 32 and the external terminal 34 The current circuit between them, and receives the signal from the signal control part 33 to perform on/off control; and the protection element 36, which has a built-in fuse assembly 36-1 and a thermistor 36-2, and the fuse assembly 36- 1 is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor 36-2 is controlled by the third switch element 35-3 connected to the signal control part 33; the signal control part 33 branches its signal circuit and sets it in any signal circuit The inverter element (inverting amplification element) 37 is connected to the gate of the first switching element 35-1 on one side of the branched signal circuit, and connected to the gate of the second switching element 35-2 on the other side. In this case, since one of the first switching element 35-1 and the second switching element 35-2 has the
本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置之信號控制部13係於單體11或電池組12超過既定之電壓值時，藉由根據單體11或電池組12之電壓輸出之控制信號，使構成第1開關元件15-1之開關電晶體自斷開變為接通，並且使構成第2開關元件15-2之開關電晶體自接通變為斷開，於單體11或電池組12未滿既定之電壓值時，藉由信號控制部13之控制信號，使構成第1開關元件15-1之開關電晶體自接通變為斷開，並且使構成第2開關元件15-2之開關電晶體自斷開變為接通。The
本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置之第1開關元件15-1包括1個開關電晶體，該開關電晶體以內部二極體之偏壓方向相對於放電方向成為正向之方式連接於放電電路上，第2開關元件15-2包括1個開關電晶體，該開關電晶體以內部二極體之偏壓方向相對於充電方向成為正向之方式連接於充電電路上。The first switch element 15-1 of the protection circuit or the charge-discharge device of the present invention includes a switch transistor, and the switch transistor is connected to the discharge circuit in such a way that the bias direction of the internal diode becomes positive relative to the discharge direction. Above, the second switching element 15-2 includes a switching transistor, and the switching transistor is connected to the charging circuit so that the bias direction of the internal diode becomes forward with respect to the charging direction.
本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置藉由視需要設置如圖8所示之包括電阻元件89-1及電容器元件89-2之延遲電路89，可使施加電壓延遲，從而可緩衝開關時之湧入電流等過沖電流。The protection circuit or charging and discharging device of the present invention can delay the applied voltage by setting a
本發明之保護電路或充放電裝置被應用於電池包。即，提供一種電池包，其係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具備：電池組12，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體11串聯連接而成；信號控制部13，其根據單體11或電池組12之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件15-1及1個第2開關元件15-2，其等並聯連接於電池組12與外部端子14之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件16，其內藏保險絲組件16-1與熱敏電阻器16-2，保險絲組件16-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器16-2之動作由連接於信號控制部13之第3開關元件15-3控制；信號控制部13係於充電時使第1開關元件15-1斷開並且使第2開關元件15-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件15-1接通並且使第2開關元件15-2斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，保護元件16係於流經第2開關元件15-2之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件16-1而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部13，於單體11或電池組12超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器16-2發熱而熔斷保險絲組件16-1，從而將充電電路切斷。The protection circuit or charging and discharging device of the present invention is applied to a battery pack. That is, a battery pack is provided, which is a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and includes: a battery pack 12 formed by connecting in series one or more single cells 11 of the secondary battery; a signal control unit 13, It outputs a control signal according to the voltage of the cell 11 or the battery pack 12; a first switching element 15-1 and a second switching element 15-2 are connected in parallel between the battery pack 12 and the external terminal 14 A current circuit, and receives a signal from the signal control part to perform on/off control; and a protection element 16, which contains a fuse assembly 16-1 and a thermistor 16-2, a fuse assembly 16-1 and a discharge circuit connected in parallel, and the action of the thermistor 16-2 is controlled by the third switch element 15-3 connected to the signal control part 13; the signal control part 13 is to disconnect the first switch element 15-1 and make the The second switching element 15-2 is turned on, and when discharging, the first switching element 15-1 is turned on and the second switching element 15-2 is turned off, so as to control the charging circuit and the discharging circuit on/off, The protection element 16 is when the current value of the charging circuit flowing through the second switching element 15-2 exceeds a predetermined fusing current value, the fuse assembly 16-1 is blown to cut off the charging circuit, and by the signal control part 13, When the voltage of the cell 11 or the battery pack 12 exceeds a predetermined value, the thermistor 16-2 is heated and the fuse assembly 16-1 is blown, thereby cutting off the charging circuit.
本發明之電池包被用於行動裝置等不用電線之電氣機器。即，提供一種電氣機器，其利用鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具有：電池組12，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體11串聯連接而成；電池包，其具有控制電池組12之充放電之保護電路或充放電裝置；及機器本體，其與該電池包裝卸自如地連接，供對該電池包加以充電或接受來自該電池包之電源供給而驅動；上述電池包具備：信號控制部13，其根據單體11或電池組12之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件15-1及1個第2開關元件15-2，其等並聯連接於電池組12與外部端子14之間之電流電路，且接收來自信號控制部13之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件16，其內藏保險絲組件16-1與熱敏電阻器16-2，保險絲組件16-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器16-2之動作由連接於信號控制部13之第3開關元件15-3控制；信號控制部13係於充電時使第1開關元件15-1斷開並且使第2開關元件15-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件15-1接通並且使第2開關元件15-2斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件16係於流經第2開關元件15-2之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件16-1而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部13，於單體11或電池組12超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器16-2發熱而熔斷保險絲組件16-1，從而將充電電路切斷。The battery pack of the present invention is used in electrical equipment such as mobile devices that do not use wires. That is, to provide an electric machine, which utilizes a battery pack of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and has: a battery pack 12, which is formed by connecting in series one or more cells 11 of the secondary battery; and a battery pack, which has A protection circuit or a charge-discharge device for controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack 12; and a machine body, which is detachably connected to the battery pack for charging the battery pack or receiving power supply from the battery pack for driving; the above-mentioned battery The package includes: a signal control unit 13, which outputs a control signal according to the voltage of the cell 11 or the battery pack 12; a first switching element 15-1 and a second switching element 15-2, which are connected in parallel to the battery pack 12 and the current circuit between the external terminal 14, and receives the signal from the signal control part 13 to perform on/off control; and the protection element 16, which has a built-in fuse assembly 16-1 and thermistor 16-2 , the fuse assembly 16-1 is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor 16-2 is controlled by the 3rd switching element 15-3 connected to the signal control part 13; The switching element 15-1 is turned off and the second switching element 15-2 is turned on. When discharging, the first switching element 15-1 is turned on and the second switching element 15-2 is turned off, and the charging circuit and the discharging The circuit is on/off controlled, and the
如圖4所示，本發明之保護電路40係保護鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包免受過量充電與過熱影響之保護電路，且具備：電池組42，其由1個以上之單體41串聯連接而成；信號控制部43，其監視單體41或電池組42之電壓並根據其測定量輸出控制信號；切換控制元件45，其連接於電池組42與電池包之外部端子44之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部43之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及1個保護元件46，其內藏保險絲組件46-1與熱敏電阻器46-2，保險絲組件46-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器46-2之動作由連接於信號控制部43之開關元件48控制。如圖4所示，保護電路40可藉由來自信號控制部43之單一信號控制充放電電路之切換，從而可簡化電路構成，並且消除因切換控制部而產生錯誤之風險。保護電路40藉由視需要設置如圖8所示之包括電阻元件89-1及電容器元件89-2之延遲電路89，可使施加電壓延遲，從而可緩衝開關時之湧入電流等過沖電流。As shown in FIG. 4 , the
進而，上述具備切換控制元件之保護電路被應用於充放電裝置。即，本發明之具備切換控制元件之充放電裝置具備：電池組42，其由1個以上之單體41串聯連接而成；信號控制部43，其根據單體41或電池組42之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件45，其連接於電池組42與電池包之外部端子44之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部43之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件46，其內藏保險絲組件46-1與熱敏電阻器46-2，保險絲組件46-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器46-2之動作由連接於信號控制部43之開關元件48控制；切換控制元件45可於充電時藉由信號控制部43使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時藉由信號控制部43使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件46具有保險絲組件46-1，該保險絲組件46-1於流經切換控制元件45之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時熔斷，或者於單體41或電池組42之電壓超過既定之電壓值時藉由熱敏電阻器46-2之通電發熱而熔斷。Furthermore, the protection circuit including the switching control element described above is applied to a charging and discharging device. That is, the charging and discharging device possessing the switching control element of the present invention has: a battery pack 42, which is formed by connecting in series more than one single cell 41; Control signal; switching control element 45, which is connected to the discharge circuit and charging circuit between the battery pack 42 and the external terminal 44 of the battery pack, and receives a signal from the signal control part 43 to perform on/off control; and protection Component 46 has a built-in fuse assembly 46-1 and a thermistor 46-2, the fuse assembly 46-1 is connected in parallel with the discharge circuit, and the action of the thermistor 46-2 is controlled by a switch connected to the signal control unit 43 Component 48 control; switching control component 45 can disconnect the discharge circuit and connect the charging circuit by the signal control part 43 when charging, and connect the discharging circuit and disconnect the charging circuit by the signal control part 43 when discharging , and the on/off control of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit is carried out, and the protection element 46 has a fuse assembly 46-1, and the value of the current flowing through the charging circuit of the switching control element 45 exceeds a predetermined When the fusing current value is cut off, or when the voltage of the cell 41 or the battery pack 42 exceeds a predetermined voltage value, the thermistor 46-2 is energized to generate heat.
本發明之切換控制元件45包括選擇器、開關控制器、互補金氧半導體(CMOS，Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)電晶體、MOSFET、IGBT、FET等開關電晶體或包含該開關元件之保護電路模組。開關元件48包括MOSFET、IGBT、FET等開關元件或包含該開關元件之保護電路模組。The switching
於本發明之包含切換控制元件45之保護電路或充放電裝置中，保護元件46配置於單體41或電池組42與切換控制元件45之間之充電電路上。又，雖未圖示，但於包含該切換控制元件之保護電路或充放電裝置之另一例中，保護元件46亦可配置於切換控制元件45與電池包之外部端子44之間。In the protection circuit or charging and discharging device including the switching
上述包含切換控制元件之保護電路及充放電裝置可用於電池包。即，本發明之具備切換控制元件之電池包係鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具備：電池組42，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體41串聯連接而成；信號控制部43，其根據單體41或電池組42之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件45，其連接於電池組42與電池包之外部端子44之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部43之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；以及保護元件46，其內藏保險絲組件46-1與熱敏電阻器46-2，保險絲組件46-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器46-2之動作由連接於信號控制部43之開關元件48控制；信號控制部43係於充電時使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件46係於流經切換控制元件45之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件46-1而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部43，於單體41或電池組42超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器46-2發熱而熔斷保險絲組件46-1，從而將充電電路切斷。The protection circuit and charging and discharging device including the switching control element mentioned above can be used in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack equipped with switching control elements of the present invention is a battery pack of secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, and includes: a
包含切換控制元件45之電池包可用於行動裝置等不用電線之電氣機器。即，本發明之具備切換控制元件之電氣機器係利用鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包，且具有：電池組42，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體41串聯連接而成；電池包，其具有控制電池組42之充放電之保護電路或充放電裝置；及機器本體，其與該電池包裝卸自如地連接，供對該電池包加以充電或接受來自該電池包之電源供給而驅動；上述電池包具備：信號控制部43，其根據單體41或電池組42之電壓輸出控制信號；切換控制元件45，其連接於電池組42與該電池包之外部端子44之間之放電電路及充電電路，且接收來自信號控制部43之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制；及保護元件46，其內藏保險絲組件46-1與熱敏電阻器46-2，保險絲組件46-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器46-2之動作由連接於信號控制部43之開關元件48控制；信號控制部43係於充電時使放電電路斷開並且使充電電路接通，於放電時使放電電路接通並且使充電電路斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制，且保護元件46係於流經切換控制元件45之充電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件46-1而將充電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部43，於單體41或電池組42超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器46-2發熱而熔斷保險絲組件46-1，從而將充電電路切斷。
[實施例]The battery pack including the switching
如圖5所示，實施例1之保護電路50具備：電池組52，其由鋰離子電池之4個單體51串聯連接而成；信號控制部53，其根據單體51或電池組52之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件55-1及1個第2開關元件55-2，其等並聯連接於電池組52與外部端子54之間之電流電路中，接收來自信號控制部53之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制，且各自包括N通道型MOSFET；以及1個保護元件56，其內藏包括易熔性金屬材之保險絲組件56-1及包括膜電阻器之熱敏電阻器56-2，保險絲組件56-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器56-2之動作由連接於信號控制部53之包括N通道型MOSFET之1個第3開關元件55-3控制。保護電路50被應用於電池包之充放電裝置，信號控制部53係於充電時使第1開關元件55-1斷開並且使第2開關元件55-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件55-1接通並且使第2開關元件55-2斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制。As shown in Figure 5, the
如圖6所示，實施例2之保護電路60具備：電池組62，其由鋰離子電池之4個單體61串聯連接而成；信號控制部63，其根據單體61或電池組62之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件65-1及1個第2開關元件65-2，其等並聯連接於電池組62與外部端子64之間之電流電路中，接收來自信號控制部63之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制，且各自包括N通道型MOSFET；以及1個保護元件66，其內藏包括易熔性金屬材之保險絲組件66-1及包括膜電阻器之熱敏電阻器66-2，保險絲組件66-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器66-2之動作由連接於信號控制部63之包括N通道型MOSFET之1個第3開關元件65-3控制。保護電路60被應用於電池包之充放電裝置，信號控制部63將其信號電路分支，於一側連接第1開關元件65-1之閘極，於另一側連接第2開關元件65-2之閘極，第2開關元件65-2之閘極經由反相器元件67連接於信號控制部63之信號電路。第1開關元件65-1之閘極與信號控制部63之間不經由反相器元件67而連接。由於第2開關元件65-2具有反相器元件67，故可與第1開關元件65-1共用信號電路。再者，於實施例2中，反相器元件67連接於第2開關元件65-2之側，但反相器元件67只要設置於第1或第2開關元件中之任一者即可，亦可適當配置於第1開關元件65-1之側以代替配置於第2開關元件65-2之側。As shown in Figure 6, the
如圖7所示，實施例3之保護電路70具備：電池組72，其由鋰離子電池之4個單體71串聯連接而成；信號控制部73，其監視單體71或電池組72之電壓並根據其測定量輸出控制信號；1個切換控制元件75，其連接於電池組72與電池包之外部端子74之間之放電電路及充電電路，接收來自信號控制部73之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制，且包括帶反相器(反相放大器)之CMOS電晶體；以及1個保護元件76，其內藏包括易熔性金屬材之保險絲組件76-1及包括膜電阻器之熱敏電阻器76-2，保險絲組件76-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器76-2之動作由連接於信號控制部73之包括N通道型MOSFET之1個開關元件78控制。保護電路70被應用於電池包之充放電裝置，信號控制部73連接於切換控制元件75之輸入端(IN)，放電電路連接於切換控制元件75之汲極，充電電路經由保護元件之保險絲組件76-1連接於切換控制元件75之源極。As shown in Figure 7, the
如圖8所示，實施例4之保護電路80具備：電池組82，其由鋰離子電池之4個單體81串聯連接而成；信號控制部83，其根據單體81或電池組82之電壓輸出控制信號；1個第1開關元件85-1及1個第2開關元件85-2，其等並聯連接於電池組82與外部端子84之間之電流電路中，接收來自信號控制部83之信號從而進行接通/斷開控制，且包括N通道型MOSFET；1個保護元件86，其內藏包括易熔性金屬材之保險絲組件86-1及包括膜電阻器之熱敏電阻器86-2，保險絲組件86-1與放電電路並聯連接，且熱敏電阻器86-2之動作由連接於信號控制部83之包括N通道型MOSFET之1個第3開關元件85-3控制；以及延遲電路89，其包括與電池組82串聯連接之電阻元件89-1及與電阻元件89-1連接且與電池組82並聯連接之電容器89-2。保護電路80可藉由延遲電路89使施加電壓延遲，從而緩衝以數μ秒單位產生之開關時之湧入電流等，並且應用於電池包之充放電裝置，信號控制部83可於充電時使第1開關元件85-1斷開並且使第2開關元件85-2接通，於放電時使第1開關元件85-1接通並且使第2開關元件85-2斷開，而對充電電路與放電電路進行接通/斷開控制。(參照圖9)As shown in Figure 8, the
進而，實施例4之保護電路80亦可如圖10所示之保護電路100般變形。即，具備：電池組102，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體101串聯連接而成；信號控制部103，其根據單體101或電池組102之電壓輸出控制信號；保護元件106，其內藏保險絲組件106-1與熱敏電阻器106-2，保險絲組件106-1與包含1條路徑之充放電電路串聯連接，且熱敏電阻器106-2之動作由連接於信號控制部103之1個開關元件105控制；以及延遲電路109，其包括與電池組102串聯連接之電阻元件109-1及與電阻元件109-1連接且與電池組102並聯連接之電容器元件109-2；保護電路100藉由延遲電路89，使施加電壓延遲而將開關時之湧入電流緩衝，並且於流經上述充放電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷保險絲組件106-1而將上述充放電電路切斷，且藉由信號控制部103，於單體101或電池組102超過既定之電壓值時使熱敏電阻器106-2發熱而熔斷保險絲組件106-1，從而將上述充放電電路切斷。Furthermore, the
上述保護電路100的開關元件亦可包含開關電晶體或包含含該開關電晶體之保護電路模組。The switching element of the
上述保護電路100的開關元件亦可包含FET或包含含該FET之保護電路模組。The switching element of the
保護電路100可適用於電池包。亦即，鋰離子電池等二次電池之電池包具備：電池組，其由1個以上之二次電池之單體串聯連接而成；信號控制部，其根據上述單體或上述電池組之電壓輸出控制信號；保護元件，其內藏保險絲組件與熱敏電阻器，上述保險絲組件與充放電電路串聯連接，且上述熱敏電阻器之動作由連接於上述信號控制部之1個開關元件控制；以及延遲電路，其包括連接於上述電池組之電阻元件及與上述電阻元件連接且連接於上述電池組之電容器元件；保護電路係藉由上述延遲電路使施加電壓延遲而緩衝開關時之湧入電流，並且於流經上述充放電電路之電流之值超過既定之熔斷電流值時，熔斷上述保險絲組件而將上述充放電電路切斷，且藉由上述信號控制部，於上述單體或上述電池組超過既定之電壓值時使上述熱敏電阻器發熱而熔斷上述保險絲組件，從而將上述充放電電路切斷。The
關於本發明之構成，可特別著眼於過量充電保護而實現保護裝置之簡化，並且可有助於電池包及保護電路之成本削減。 (產業上之可利用性)With regard to the structure of the present invention, the protection device can be simplified with particular attention to the overcharge protection, and it can contribute to the cost reduction of the battery pack and the protection circuit. (industrial availability)
本發明可用於使用設置有熱敏電阻器與保險絲組件之保護元件的電氣、電子機器之保護電路，尤其可用於電池包等二次電池之保護裝置。The present invention can be used in the protection circuit of electric and electronic equipment using the protection elements of thermistor and fuse assembly, especially in the protection device of secondary battery such as battery pack.
10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,100:保護電路 11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81,101:單體 12,22,32,42,52,62,72,82,102:電池組 13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,103:信號控制部 14,24,34,44,54,64,74,84,104:外部端子 15-1,25-1,35-1,55-1,65-1,85-1:第1開關元件 15-2,25-2,35-2,55-2,65-2,85-2:第2開關元件 15-3,25-3,35-3,55-3,65-3,85-3:第3開關元件 16,26,36,46,56,66,76,86,106:保護元件 16-1,26-1,36-1,46-1,56-1,66-1,76-1,86-1,106-1:保險絲組件 16-2,26-2,36-2,46-2,56-2,66-2,76-2,86-2,106-2:熱敏電阻器 27,37,67:反相器元件 45,75:切換控制元件 48,78,105:開關元件 89,109:延遲電路 89-1,109-1:電阻元件 89-2,109-2:電容器元件10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,100: protection circuit 11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81,101: Monomer 12,22,32,42,52,62,72,82,102: battery pack 13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,103: Signal Control Department 14,24,34,44,54,64,74,84,104: External terminals 15-1, 25-1, 35-1, 55-1, 65-1, 85-1: 1st switching element 15-2, 25-2, 35-2, 55-2, 65-2, 85-2: 2nd switching element 15-3, 25-3, 35-3, 55-3, 65-3, 85-3: 3rd switching element 16,26,36,46,56,66,76,86,106: protection elements 16-1,26-1,36-1,46-1,56-1,66-1,76-1,86-1,106-1: fuse assembly 16-2, 26-2, 36-2, 46-2, 56-2, 66-2, 76-2, 86-2, 106-2: Thermistor 27,37,67: Inverter components 45,75: switch control element 48,78,105: switching elements 89,109: delay circuit 89-1, 109-1: resistance element 89-2, 109-2: capacitor components
圖1係表示本發明之保護電路10之圖。
圖2係表示本發明之保護電路20之圖。
圖3係表示本發明之保護電路30之圖。
圖4係表示本發明之保護電路40之圖。
圖5係表示本發明之實施例1之保護電路50之圖。
圖6係表示本發明之實施例2之保護電路60之圖。
圖7係表示本發明之實施例3之保護電路70之圖。
圖8係表示本發明之實施例4之保護電路80之圖。
圖9係表示利用本發明之延遲電路獲得之緩衝效果之圖。
圖10係表示由本發明之實施例4變形所得之保護電路100之圖。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a
10:保護電路10: Protection circuit
11:單體11: Monomer
12:電池組12: Battery pack
13:信號控制部13: Signal Control Department
14:外部端子14: External terminal
15-1:第1開關元件15-1: 1st switching element
15-2:第2開關元件15-2: Second switching element
15-3:第3開關元件15-3: 3rd switching element
16:保護元件16: Protection element
16-1:保險絲組件16-1: Fuse assembly
16-2:熱敏電阻器16-2: Thermistor
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| CN204407869U (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-06-17 | 东莞市百维科技有限公司 | Lithium battery secondary overvoltage protective circuit and lithium battery protection circuit |
| TW201640769A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-16 | Pao-Hsuan Chen | Multifunctional protection element, protection circuit and secondary battery pack of multiple current loops |
| WO2020136862A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | ボーンズ株式会社 | Secondary battery circuit and method for controlling same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202203279A (en) | 2022-01-16 |
| CN113809788A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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