TWI789134B - Method for cultivating mushrooms with movable multi-wavelength light source - Google Patents
Method for cultivating mushrooms with movable multi-wavelength light source Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一種以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法,尤其係指在照明單元內設置不同波段的光源,並使照明單元可移動地依序照射不同菇菌種植區域的方法。 The invention relates to a method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source, in particular to a method in which light sources of different bands are arranged in a lighting unit, and the lighting unit can be moved to irradiate different mushroom growing areas sequentially.
菇菌喜好長在野外陰暗潮濕且少有日照的環境中,但生長在野外的菇菌會因日照、溫度等氣候的不同而無法掌控菇菌的產量;現代人為食用菇菌而打造出適合菇菌生長的人造種植環境以確保菇菌的產量,例如在室內提供適合菇菌生長的濕度、溫度與光照的生長環境,其中根據菇菌的生長特性,係採用週期性地光照,藉此使菇菌能夠穩定的成長。 Mushrooms like to grow in a dark and humid environment with little sunshine in the wild, but the mushrooms growing in the wild will not be able to control the yield of the mushrooms due to the difference in sunshine, temperature and other climates; modern people have created suitable mushrooms for eating mushrooms. An artificial planting environment for the growth of mushrooms to ensure the yield of mushrooms, such as providing a growth environment suitable for the growth of mushrooms with humidity, temperature and light indoors. According to the growth characteristics of mushrooms, periodic light is used to make mushrooms Bacteria can grow stably.
惟,在不同的菇菌種植區域要各自提供所需要之照明單元,因此在週期性地光照需求下,使照明單元的使用稼動率不高,並且造成培育菇菌的成本相對提高。 However, different mushroom growing areas have to provide their own lighting units. Therefore, under periodic lighting requirements, the utilization rate of lighting units is not high, and the cost of growing mushrooms is relatively increased.
爰此,本發明人為提高照明單元的使用稼動率,降低培育菇菌的生產成本,而提出一種以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法,步驟包含: 一照明單元包含至少二光源,所述光源具有可見光範圍之不同波段且可共同聚焦及調整光照強度的朝向同一照射區域;將該照明單元設置在一 移動單元上,使該照明單元在一移動路徑上改變位置;該照明單元在一照射週期內持續照射,該照射週期包含一光照時間與一非光照時間;設置複數菇菌種植區域對應該移動路徑,且相鄰的前述菇菌種植區域之間相隔一間距,前述菇菌種植區域的數量係該照射週期與該光照時間的比值;透過該移動單元控制該照明單元在該移動路徑上改變位置,使該照明單元逐一在每一菇菌種植區域停留該光照時間,對所述菇菌種植區域的其中一個菇菌種植區域進行照射,且照射範圍不超過前述間距,並在該非光照時間內,在其他每一菇菌種植區域均停留該光照時間,對所述菇菌種植區域逐一完成照射;其中該照明單元在一高度方向經調整而與前述菇菌種植區域維持一垂直高度,該垂直高度為30公分至50公分。 Therefore, the inventor proposes a method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source in order to improve the utilization rate of the lighting unit and reduce the production cost of cultivating mushrooms. The steps include: A lighting unit includes at least two light sources, the light sources have different wavelength bands in the visible light range and can be focused together and adjust the intensity of light towards the same irradiation area; the lighting unit is arranged in a On the mobile unit, make the lighting unit change its position on a moving path; the lighting unit continues to irradiate in an irradiation cycle, and the irradiation cycle includes a lighting time and a non-lighting time; set a plurality of mushroom planting areas corresponding to the moving path , and there is a distance between the adjacent aforementioned mushroom planting areas, the number of the aforementioned mushroom planting areas is the ratio of the irradiation cycle to the lighting time; through the moving unit to control the lighting unit to change its position on the moving path, Let the lighting unit stay in each mushroom planting area for the illumination time one by one, irradiate one of the mushroom planting areas in the mushroom planting area, and the irradiation range does not exceed the aforementioned distance, and during the non-illumination time, in the Each of the other mushroom planting areas stays for the illumination time and completes the irradiation of the mushroom planting areas one by one; wherein the lighting unit is adjusted in a height direction to maintain a vertical height with the aforementioned mushroom planting area, and the vertical height is 30 cm to 50 cm.
進一步,所述光源選自紫光、藍光、綠光、黃光及紅光,波長分別為380nm至430nm、445nm至480nm、500nm至550nm、585nm至620nm及630nm至650nm。 Further, the light source is selected from purple light, blue light, green light, yellow light and red light, and the wavelengths are 380nm to 430nm, 445nm to 480nm, 500nm to 550nm, 585nm to 620nm and 630nm to 650nm.
進一步,所述光源進一步包括波長為800nm至870nm之近紅外光。 Further, the light source further includes near-infrared light with a wavelength of 800nm to 870nm.
進一步,所述光源是分別由對應的複數點狀發光二極體發出,所述點狀發光二極體排列成矩形狀。 Further, the light sources are respectively emitted by a plurality of corresponding point-shaped light emitting diodes, and the point-shaped light-emitting diodes are arranged in a rectangular shape.
進一步,驅動發出紫光的一第一點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為160mA、驅動發出藍光的一第二點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出綠光的一第三點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出黃光的一第四點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出紅光的一第五點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為300mA及驅動發出近紅外光的一第六點狀發光二極體的驅動電流為180mA。 Further, the driving current for driving a first dot-shaped light-emitting diode that emits purple light is 160 mA, the driving current for driving a second dot-shaped light-emitting diode that emits blue light is 300 mA, and the driving current for driving a third dot-shaped light-emitting diode that emits green light is 160 mA. The driving current of the light-emitting diode is 300mA, the driving current of driving a fourth point-shaped light-emitting diode that emits yellow light is 300mA, and the driving current of driving a fifth point-shaped light-emitting diode that emits red light is 300mA and The driving current for driving a sixth dot-shaped light-emitting diode that emits near-infrared light is 180mA.
進一步,使該照明單元距離前述菇菌種植區域維持該垂直高度,該垂直高度為40公分。 Further, the lighting unit is kept at the vertical height from the aforementioned mushroom planting area, and the vertical height is 40 cm.
根據上述技術特徵可達成以下功效: According to the above-mentioned technical features, the following effects can be achieved:
1.透過照明單元可移動地照射不同的菇菌種植區域,藉此提高照明單元的使用稼動率,並減少在培育菇菌的環境中照明單元的設置數量,能降低培育菇菌的生產成本。 1. The different mushroom growing areas can be movably illuminated by the lighting unit, so as to improve the utilization rate of the lighting unit and reduce the number of lighting units installed in the mushroom cultivation environment, which can reduce the production cost of mushroom cultivation.
2.培育菇菌時,使用不同波段的光源組合照射菇菌,能提高菇菌的產量。 2. When cultivating mushrooms, using light sources of different bands to irradiate mushrooms can increase the yield of mushrooms.
3.光源垂直照射於菇菌種植區域,使菇菌能接受到最佳的光照強度。 3. The light source is irradiated vertically on the mushroom planting area, so that the mushrooms can receive the best light intensity.
4.光源垂直照射於菇菌種植區域,菇菌會集中由照射處長出,並有效控制生長體態,掌握生長時程,控制產量。 4. The light source is vertically irradiated on the mushroom planting area, and the mushrooms will grow concentratedly from the irradiated place, and the growth body can be effectively controlled, the growth time can be mastered, and the output can be controlled.
1:照明單元 1: Lighting unit
11:點狀發光二極體 11: Point light emitting diode
111:第一點狀發光二極體 111: The first point light-emitting diode
112:第二點狀發光二極體 112: The second point light-emitting diode
113:第三點狀發光二極體 113: The third point light-emitting diode
114:第四點狀發光二極體 114: The fourth point light-emitting diode
115:第五點狀發光二極體 115: The fifth point light-emitting diode
116:第六點狀發光二極體 116: The sixth point light-emitting diode
12:聚光部 12: Concentrating part
2:移動單元 2:Mobile unit
21:驅動件 21: Driver
22:軌道 22: track
3:菇菌種植區域 3: Mushroom planting area
31:第一菇菌種植區域 31: The first mushroom planting area
32:第二菇菌種植區域 32: The second mushroom planting area
33:第三菇菌種植區域 33: The third mushroom planting area
4:照射區域 4: Irradiation area
H:垂直高度 H: vertical height
[第一圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之流程示意圖。 [The first figure] is a schematic flow chart of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention.
[第二圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之方塊示意圖。 [The second figure] is a schematic block diagram of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention.
[第三圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之照明單元內複數點狀發光二極體的排列示意圖。 [The third figure] is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple point-shaped light-emitting diodes in the lighting unit of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention.
[第四圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之實施型態示意圖。 [Figure 4] is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention.
[第五圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之實施型態示意圖。 [Fifth figure] is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention.
[第六圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之菇菌種植區域係使用太空包培育菇菌的實施型態示意圖。 [Picture 6] is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the method for cultivating mushrooms using a mobile multi-band light source in the mushroom planting area of the present invention using a space bag to cultivate mushrooms.
[第七圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之菇菌種植區域係使用瓶罐培育菇菌的實施型態示意圖。 [Figure 7] is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the method for cultivating mushrooms using mobile multi-band light sources in the mushroom planting area of the present invention using bottles and cans to cultivate mushrooms.
[第八圖]係本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法之菇菌種植區域係使用箱體培育菇菌的實施型態示意圖。 [Figure 8] is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the method for cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source in the mushroom planting area of the present invention using a box to cultivate mushrooms.
綜合上述技術特徵,本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法的主要功效將可於下述實施例清楚呈現。 Based on the above technical features, the main functions of the method for cultivating mushrooms with mobile multi-band light sources of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.
請參閱第一圖、第二圖及第三圖,係揭示本發明以移動式多波段光源培育菇菌的方法,本實施例以培育香菇為例,包含以下步驟: Please refer to the first figure, the second figure and the third figure, which disclose the method of cultivating mushrooms with a mobile multi-band light source according to the present invention. This embodiment takes the cultivation of shiitake mushrooms as an example and includes the following steps:
一照明單元1包含至少二光源,在本實施例中,所述光源包含紫光、藍光、綠光、黃光、紅光及近紅外光,波長分別是380nm至430nm、445nm至480nm、500nm至550nm、585nm至620nm、630nm至650nm及800nm至870nm,且所述光源係採用點狀發光二極體11,具體的,所述光源的紫光、藍光、綠光、黃光、紅光及近紅外光是分別由對應的一第一點狀發光二極體111、一第二點狀發光二極體112、一第三點狀發光二極體113、一第四點狀發光二極體114、一第五點狀發光二極體115及一第六點狀發光二極體116發出,且驅動發出紫光的該第一點狀發光二極體111的驅動電流為160mA、驅動發出藍光的該第二點狀發光二極體112的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出綠光的該第三點狀發光二極體113
的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出黃光的該第四點狀發光二極體114的驅動電流為300mA、驅動發出紅光的該第五點狀發光二極體115的驅動電流為300mA及驅動發出近紅外光的該第六點狀發光二極體116的驅動電流為180mA。前述點狀發光二極體11排列成矩形狀,並經由一聚光部12將上述紫光、藍光、綠光、黃光、紅光及近紅外光聚焦於同一照射區域4(請參閱第四圖)。
A
請參閱第四圖及第五圖,將該照明單元1設置在一移動單元2上,該移動單元2包含一驅動件21及一軌道22,該驅動件21可移動地設置於該軌道22上,該照明單元1固定於該驅動件21上,使該照明單元1經由該驅動件21驅動而在該軌道22上可沿著一移動路徑移動。有複數菇菌種植區域3設置對應於該軌道22,在本實施例中,該軌道22設置於前述菇菌種植區域3的上方,並使該照明單元1與前述菇菌種植區域3維持一垂直高度H,該垂直高度H為30公分至50公分,最佳為40公分,透過該驅動件21控制該照明單元1在該軌道22上移動改變位置,使該照射區域4可對應不同的菇菌種植區域3。其中,經由實驗調整前述點狀發光二極體11的驅動電流而找出適合香菇生長地前述光源的光照強度,並調整該照明單元1至前述菇菌種植區域3之間的垂直高度H,而能得到該照射區域4的最大範圍,並使該照射區域4內的香菇能夠接收足夠的照度;而適合香菇生長的照射週期經由實驗結果可知係為二十分鐘的照射週期進行一分鐘的光照時間,因此當該照明單元1的照射區域4對應其中一菇菌種植區域3,且在該照射週期內的光照時間結束後,該照明單元1將改變位置使該照射區域4對應於另一菇菌種植區域3,並在該其中一菇菌種植區域3的非光照時間結束時,該照明單元1之照射區域4重新對應該其中一菇菌種植區域3。
Please refer to the fourth figure and the fifth figure, the
請參閱第四圖及第五圖,在本實施例中,前述菇菌種植區域3包含一第一菇菌種植區域31、一第二菇菌種植區域32及一第三菇菌種植區域33,該照明單元1在該軌道22上移動並使該照射區域4對應於前述菇菌種植區域3的該第一菇菌種植區域31、第二菇菌種植區域32或第三菇菌種植區域33。具體而言,該照明單元1的照射區域4先對準該第一菇菌種植區域31,使該第一菇菌種植區域31在該照射週期的光照時間內接受所述光源,在該照射週期內該第一菇菌種植區域31的光照時間結束後,該照明單元1在該軌道22上移動並使該照射區域4對應於該第二菇菌種植區域32,使該第二菇菌種植區域32在該照射週期的光照時間內接受所述光源,在該照射週期內該第二菇菌種植區域32的光照時間結束後,該照明單元1在該軌道22上移動並使該照射區域4對應於該第三菇菌種植區域33。
Please refer to the fourth and fifth figures, in this embodiment, the aforementioned
當在該照射週期內該第三菇菌種植區域33的光照時間結束後,使該照明單元1在該軌道22上移動並在該第一菇菌種植區域31、第二菇菌種植區域32或第三菇菌種植區域33的非光照時間結束時,使該照明單元1的照射區域4重新對應於該第一菇菌種植區域31、第二菇菌種植區域32或第三菇菌種植區域33,藉此使該第一菇菌種植區域31、第二菇菌種植區域32或第三菇菌種植區域33能在該照射週期的光照時間內被該照明單元1的所述光源照射。
After the illumination time of the third
另外,在本實施例中,由於該照射週期為二十分鐘,其中,光照時間為一分鐘,非光照時間為十九分鐘,因此可設置二十組不同的前述菇菌種植區域3,使該照明單元1在二十組不同的前述菇菌種植區域3之間移動並使該照射區域4週期性地對應於該每一菇菌種植區域3,並在非光照時間結束前重新對應於該每一菇菌種植區域3,故該照明單元1的該照射區域4對應於前述菇菌
種植區域3的數量可依照該照射週期及該照射週期的光照時間之間的比值而設置。
In addition, in this embodiment, since the irradiation period is 20 minutes, wherein, the illumination time is one minute, and the non-illumination time is nineteen minutes, so twenty groups of different aforementioned
請參閱第六圖、第七圖及第八圖,在前述菇菌種植區域3培育菇菌的方式可以是使用太空包種植菇菌、使用瓶罐種植菇菌或是使用箱體種植菇菌,其中,在前述菇菌種植區域3例如是使用箱體種植菇菌時,可透過調整該照明單元1的該照射區域4的位置,使前述菇菌種植區域3中藉由箱體種植的菇菌是由被該照明單元1的該照射區域4對應到的區域長出,藉此,可調整用箱體種植菇菌時菇菌的生長位置並進一步調整菇菌的體態並掌握生長時程控制產量。
Please refer to Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8. The method of growing mushrooms in the aforementioned
綜合上述實施例之說明,當可充分瞭解本發明之操作、使用及本發明產生之功效,惟以上所述實施例僅係為本發明之較佳實施例,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆屬本發明涵蓋之範圍內。 Based on the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is possible to fully understand the operation of the present invention, use and the effect that the present invention produces, but the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the implementation of the present invention. The scope, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention, all fall within the scope of the present invention.
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