TWI787625B - Container and use thereof - Google Patents

Container and use thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI787625B
TWI787625B TW109121477A TW109121477A TWI787625B TW I787625 B TWI787625 B TW I787625B TW 109121477 A TW109121477 A TW 109121477A TW 109121477 A TW109121477 A TW 109121477A TW I787625 B TWI787625 B TW I787625B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
container
fiber
sheath
biodegradable
core
Prior art date
Application number
TW109121477A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TW202111188A (en
Inventor
安德里亞斯 傑格
阿倫 斯托弗斯
法蘭茲 特卡巴斯
Original Assignee
德商阿諾德傑格控股有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 德商阿諾德傑格控股有限公司 filed Critical 德商阿諾德傑格控股有限公司
Publication of TW202111188A publication Critical patent/TW202111188A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI787625B publication Critical patent/TWI787625B/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D29/00—Sacks or like containers made of fabrics; Flexible containers of open-work, e.g. net-like construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/127—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like
    • D02G3/182—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure
    • D02G3/185—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure in the core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • E02B3/106—Temporary dykes
    • E02B3/108—Temporary dykes with a filling, e.g. filled by water or sand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D10B2101/06—Glass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/04—Linen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a container with an encasement, the encasement surrounding a filling, whereby the encasement is made of a yarn (4), the yarn (4) comprising a core and a sheath surrounding this at least in part, where the core comprises a mineral fibre (5) extending in the longitudinal direction (X) of the yarn (4). According to the invention, it is provided for the sheath to comprise at least one biodegradable sheath fibre (6), whereby the mineral fibre (5) is encased, at least in certain regions, by the at least one biodegradable sheath fibre (6).

Description

容器及其用途Containers and their uses

本發明係關於一種如請求項1之前序所述之容器，以及其用途。The present invention relates to a container as described in the preamble of claim 1, and its use.

此類型之容器可以許多方式用於保護、用作過濾器或用於運輸，例如，在水利工程中、在海岸防護中或在土木工程(特別是，道路施工)中。在此，容器用例如砂子、混凝土或石子之材料填充，且可取決於用途經卸載及定位於所要的位置處。在各別位置處，填充之容器可用以保護或重壓一物件，例如，在水下。此外，填充之容器可用於伸直目的，例如，以便將管子置於原先不平之地下。分別地，在海岸防護或防洪中，此等填充之容器亦可用以抑制住水。Containers of this type can be used in many ways for protection, as filters or for transport, for example in hydraulic engineering, in coastal protection or in civil engineering (in particular road construction). Here, the container is filled with material such as sand, concrete or stones and can be unloaded and positioned at the desired location depending on the use. In various locations, filled containers can be used to protect or stress an object, for example, underwater. In addition, filled containers can be used for straightening purposes, for example, to place pipes on previously uneven ground. Respectively, such filled containers can also be used to contain water in coastal protection or flood protection.

為此目的，習知容器包含一外罩，其可例如由例如聚酯纖維、聚丙烯酸纖維或聚丙烯纖維之合成聚合物(塑膠)製成，藉此可使用合成纖維，或例如，可使用合成塗層。歸因於年限及對外罩之損壞，合成聚合物之小粒子可在由塑膠材料製成之此等容器之使用中變得拆離，從而導致大量粒子到河裡和海裡(當在水利工程中使用時)。甚至當容器在陸地上使用時，塑膠粒子可變得拆離，由此釋放至環境裡。此導致不當之環境污染。For this purpose, conventional containers comprise a casing, which can be made, for example, of a synthetic polymer (plastic), such as polyester, acrylic or polypropylene fibers, whereby synthetic fibers can be used, or synthetic fibers can be used, for example. coating. Due to age and damage to the outer cover, small particles of synthetic polymers can become detached during use of such containers made of plastic material, resulting in large quantities of particles into rivers and seas (when in hydraulic engineering when using it). Even when the container is used on land, the plastic particles can become detached and thus released into the environment. This leads to undue environmental pollution.

為了抵消此情況，在文獻EP 3 327 201 A1中提議將土工織物或分別含有天然纖維、玄武岩纖維、玻璃纖維或其混合物之礦物纖維用作用於容器之外罩的材料。此等礦物纖維經合適地塗佈，例如，藉由將塗層材料或分別塗層溶液浸沒至液體內。此塗層防止在容器之使用期間的磨蝕，由此提供針對磨損之保護。塗層自身係自天然材料製造，使得當此遭到磨蝕時，將不存在因合成材料之環境污染。因此，外罩係自無塑膠且塗佈之紗線製造。In order to counteract this, it is proposed in document EP 3 327 201 A1 to use geotextiles or mineral fibers respectively containing natural fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers or mixtures thereof as material for the outer covering of the container. These mineral fibers are suitably coated, for example by immersing the coating material or respectively the coating solution into the liquid. This coating prevents abrasion during use of the container, thereby providing protection against abrasion. The coating itself is manufactured from natural materials so that when this is abraded there will be no environmental contamination due to synthetic materials. Therefore, the outer cover is manufactured from plastic-free and coated yarn.

已變得顯而易見的是，在許多情況中，礦物纖維在未處理且未充分保護時，不能使將外罩製造成特別是機械有結網狀物以及在使用中遭受之負載(例如，涉及若干噸之標稱負載)倖免於不受傷。此主要係歸因於各別礦物纖維之性質，特別是，對使用期限具有負面效應的材料之高度脆性。礦物材料之性質可例如導致損傷容器之機械穩定性，因為非常緊地一起放在某些區域中、特別是打結成網狀物或具備另一紡織品結構(編織織物、羊毛物、織品、針織物)的外罩之礦物纖維在填充之負載下收縮。在此，礦物纖維之標稱最小彎曲半徑不足，從而導致脆材料之破壞。It has become evident that, in many cases, mineral fibers, when untreated and not adequately protected, do not allow the manufacture of enclosures as particularly mechanically knotted nets and the loads to which they are subjected in use (e.g. involving several tons The nominal load) survived without injury. This is mainly due to the properties of the respective mineral fibers, in particular, the high brittleness of the material which has a negative effect on the service life. The nature of the mineral material can lead, for example, to impairing the mechanical stability of the container because it is placed very tightly together in certain areas, especially knotted into a net or has another textile structure (woven fabric, woolen fabric, fabric, knitted fabric ) The mineral fibers of the outer covering shrink under the load of the filling. Here, the nominal minimum bending radius of the mineral fibers is insufficient, leading to failure of the brittle material.

此外，歸因於脆性，礦物材料可在饋入時或分別在於自動網狀物針織機中處理時(特別是，當在偏轉、循環或其他導引時放下時)受到損壞，此即為必須減小生產速度以允許連續過程之原因。此導致製造時間及由此製造成本之增加。Furthermore, due to their brittleness, mineral materials can be damaged when fed in or handled respectively in automatic mesh knitting machines (in particular when laid down in deflections, loops or other guides), which is a must Reason for reducing production speed to allow continuous process. This leads to an increase in manufacturing time and thus manufacturing costs.

因此，本發明之目標為提供一種容器，其可快速且可經受得住地製造，同時提供在負載下之高耐磨性以及高機械穩定性(特別是，抗破壞性)，且同時，提供高環境相容性。It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a container which can be produced quickly and sustainably, while providing high wear resistance under load and high mechanical stability (in particular, resistance to damage) and, at the same time, high environmental compatibility.

此任務由如請求項1所述之一種容器解決。較佳的另外展開在子請求項中指定。This task is solved by a container as described in claim 1. Preferred additional expansions are specified in subrequest items.

因此，根據本發明，提供包含由一紗線製成之一外罩之容器，其中該紗線之一外皮包含以下各者或分別地由以下各者組成：至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維(例如，天然纖維及/或可生物降解塑膠纖維)，以及組成紗線之芯的紗線之礦物纖維，該芯藉由至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維至少在某些區域中(較佳地，完全)加外皮(例如，編排、入套、包裹、纏繞、編織等)。Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a container comprising an outer cover made of a yarn, wherein a sheath of the yarn comprises or respectively consists of at least one biodegradable sheath fiber (for example, natural fibers and/or biodegradable plastic fibers), and the mineral fibers of the yarns that make up the core of the yarn, the core is at least in some areas (preferably, completely) added by at least one biodegradable sheath fiber Sheathing (eg, weaving, encasing, wrapping, wrapping, weaving, etc.).

特別是，紗線及亦隨其一起之外罩排他性地由礦物纖維(芯)及可生物降解外皮纖維組成，使得創造總體上環境友好之一外罩。因此，變得自外皮拆離之粒子可自主地降低，或分別地，在環境中堆肥料。此外，當將天然纖維用作外皮纖維時，有可能創造全部無粒子之外罩。In particular, the yarn and also with it the outer cover consists exclusively of mineral fibers (core) and biodegradable sheath fibers, making it possible to create an overall environmentally friendly outer cover. Thus, particles that become detached from the skin can autonomously be reduced, or respectively, composted in the environment. Furthermore, when natural fibers are used as sheath fibers, it is possible to create an entirely particle-free sheath.

除此之外，紗線可包含由天然及/或可生物降解合成材料(例如，天然乳膠，或分別地，天然橡膠或矽灰石或可堆肥聚合物)製成之可生物降解塗層，以便額外地保護紗線，或分別地，致使其不太易損壞。在此，應大體將天然材料理解為意謂與合成材料相比源自天然源(如，植物、動物或礦物)之材料，應將可生物降解材料理解為意謂能夠在環境中自主降解之合成材料。In addition, the yarn may comprise a biodegradable coating made of natural and/or biodegradable synthetic materials (eg natural latex, or respectively, natural rubber or wollastonite or compostable polymers), In order to additionally protect the yarn, or separately, to render it less vulnerable. Here, natural materials are generally to be understood as meaning materials originating from natural sources (e.g. plants, animals or minerals) in contrast to synthetic materials, and biodegradable materials are to be understood as meaning materials which are capable of autonomously degrading in the environment. synthetic material.

在此，較佳地，可應用該可生物降解塗層，其中塗佈製造之紗線，例如，藉由在液體塗佈塊或分別地塗佈溶液中浸沒，或完工包裝，例如，藉由將塗佈塊或分別地塗佈溶液塗覆及擦拭至外罩之表面上。Here, preferably, the biodegradable coating can be applied, wherein the produced yarn is coated, for example, by immersion in a liquid coating block or separately in a coating solution, or finished packaging, for example, by The coating swab or coating solution respectively is coated and wiped onto the surface of the housing.

由於僅天然(外皮及芯及可能塗層)及/或可生物降解或分別地可堆肥材料(外皮及可能塗層)用於外罩，因此容器將非常地環境友好，使得可避免在各別使用位點處的環境污染。因此，可提供能夠符合更嚴格環境保護法規之容器。此係相關的，例如，若根據本發明之容器經指明為用於海岸防護、土木工程中或容器可與水或地下水接觸之其他領域中。因此，無環境污染物將分別污染水或地下水，甚至在歸因於年限或磨損對外罩有損壞之狀況下。但此甚至在陸上亦具有優勢，因為根據本發明之容器不會在使用中釋放任何環境污染物。Since only natural (skin and core and possible coating) and/or biodegradable or respectively compostable materials (skin and possible coating) are used for the outer cover, the container will be very environmentally friendly, making it possible to avoid separate use Environmental contamination at the site. Therefore, containers capable of complying with stricter environmental protection regulations can be provided. This is relevant, for example, if the container according to the invention is intended for use in coastal protection, in civil engineering or in other fields in which the container can come into contact with water or groundwater. Thus, no environmental pollutants will contaminate water or groundwater respectively, even in the event of damage to the cover due to age or wear. But this has advantages even on land, since the container according to the invention does not release any environmental pollutants in use.

因此，根據本發明「容器」之容器可特別對滿足指南2008/56/EG (海洋戰略框架指令)及2000/60/EG (水框架指令)之要求有影響，因為在芯之礦物纖維之製造中以及在礦物纖維之外罩之製造中，僅使用天然或分別地可生物降解材料。Therefore, containers according to the "container" of the invention can especially have an impact on fulfilling the requirements of the guidelines 2008/56/EG (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) and 2000/60/EG (Water Framework Directive), because the manufacture of mineral fibers in the core In and in the manufacture of the mineral fiber outer cover, only natural or respectively biodegradable materials are used.

來自組成紗線之礦物纖維及裝入礦物纖維的至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維的環境友好紗線之構造至少部分、較佳地全部具有以下優勢：與礦物纖維之脆性無關，紗線保持高機械回彈性，特別是，破壞強度，且可改良紗線之處置。因此，已自身展現高抗拉強度之礦物纖維受到保護，以免受可特別導致過度彎曲之某些外部影響。The construction of an environmentally friendly yarn from the mineral fibers constituting the yarn and at least one biodegradable sheath fiber encased in the mineral fibers has at least partly, preferably entirely, the advantage that the yarn remains highly mechanically independent of the brittleness of the mineral fibers. Resilience, in particular, breaking strength, and may improve yarn handling. Thus, the mineral fibers, which already exhibit high tensile strength themselves, are protected against certain external influences which can in particular lead to excessive bending.

在本發明之上下文中，術語「外罩」或分別地「經裝入」應理解為意謂該至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維創造較佳地全部包圍礦物纖維或分別地芯之一外皮。在此，外皮纖維及礦物纖維不進入廣泛之物物結合，使得外皮處於無黏著劑之礦物纖維上。為了達成此，可以任一合適方式分別以多個繞組或線圈將至少一個外皮纖維纏繞至芯上，及/或藉由網格型纏繞由若干外皮纖維覆蓋芯，及/或由複數個外皮纖維藉由纏結來編織芯。然而，亦可利用其他紡織品及無黏著劑類型之裝入。在任一情況中，可生物降解外皮纖維圍繞礦物纖維之外部周邊(周邊方向)伸展，藉此該至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維之個別繞組、線圈、纏結、編織等按以下方式位置鄰近彼此：礦物纖維由至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維覆蓋且由此受到保護，較佳地，跨其全部縱向延伸。In the context of the present invention, the term "sheath" or respectively "encased" is understood to mean that the at least one biodegradable sheath fiber creates a sheath which preferably completely surrounds the mineral fiber or respectively the core. Here, the sheath fibers and the mineral fibers do not enter into extensive material bonding, so that the sheath is on the binder-free mineral fibres. To achieve this, at least one sheath fiber may be wound onto the core in a plurality of windings or coils respectively, and/or the core may be covered by several sheath fibers by grid-type winding, and/or by a plurality of sheath fibers in any suitable manner. The core is braided by entanglement. However, other textile and adhesive-free types of encapsulation may also be utilized. In either case, the biodegradable sheath fibers extend around the outer periphery (peripheral direction) of the mineral fibers, whereby individual windings, coils, entanglements, weaves, etc. of the at least one biodegradable sheath fiber are positioned adjacent to each other in the following manner: The mineral fibers are covered and thus protected by at least one biodegradable sheath fiber, preferably across their entire longitudinal extension.

在此，根據本發明之外罩不構成一塗層，如在目前行進技術中以液體塗佈塊或分別地塗佈溶液之形式使用，因為用於外罩之至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維不創造任何黏著力，或分別地，與礦物纖維(情況通常如此，根據定義，與塗層)之物物結合。此外，用於外罩之可生物降解外皮纖維並非不成形物質，而是擁有且保持某一預定纖維形狀，且正是此導致紗線總體上機械上分別更穩定或耐久，如將在下文更詳細地解釋。Here, the outer cover according to the invention does not constitute a coating, as in the current state of the art in the form of a liquid coating block or a separately coated solution, because the at least one biodegradable sheath fiber used for the outer cover does not create any Adhesion, or separately, the thing-bonding with mineral fibers (which is usually the case, by definition, with coatings). Furthermore, the biodegradable sheath fibers used for the outer cover are not a shapeless substance, but rather possess and maintain a certain predetermined fiber shape, and it is this that results in the overall yarn being mechanically more stable or durable respectively, as will be described in more detail below. explained.

與未裝入或僅塗佈之礦物纖維相比，特別是，藉由使用的根據本發明之紗線，紗線之直徑較大，使得在外罩之彎曲區域中(例如，在機械有結網狀物之結中，或在源自環境或源自填充的橫向負載之情況中)的紗線之彎曲半徑將有必要較大。在此，可有目的地藉由用於外罩之可生物降解外皮纖維之厚度來調整較佳彎曲半徑。此又顯著減小作用於礦物纖維上之彎曲負載，例如，在當供大量填充使用(特別是，在有結網狀物中)時之重負載下。因此，依靠此效應，有可能強力地增大容器之機械回彈性，而不需要將為複雜且成本高的加固自身之實際負載承載體，亦即，礦物纖維。In particular, by using the yarns according to the invention, the diameter of the yarns is larger compared to unencased or only coated mineral fibers, so that in the bending area of the outer cover (for example, in mechanically knotted netting) In knots of objects, or in the case of lateral loads from the environment or from filling) the bending radius of the yarn will necessarily be larger. Here, the preferred bending radius can be adjusted purposefully by the thickness of the biodegradable sheath fibers used for the outer cover. This in turn significantly reduces the bending loads on the mineral fibres, for example under heavy loads when used for bulk filling, especially in knotted webs. Thus, by virtue of this effect, it is possible to strongly increase the mechanical resilience of the container without requiring the actual load carrier, ie mineral fibres, which would be complex and costly to reinforce itself.

與其外罩僅自可生物降解纖維(特別是，天然纖維)及/或可生物降解塑膠纖維製造而在芯中不使用礦物纖維之容器相比，根據本發明之容器總體具有增大之抗拉強度及增大之機械穩定性。此係因為分別排他性地包含天然纖維或可生物降解塑膠纖維作為穩定性載體之紗線假設其具有相當厚度，不能夠保證所需穩定性，或分別地，承載能力。根據本發明，依靠礦物纖維，提供用於外罩之紗線的穩定礦物芯，其由可生物降解外皮纖維裹著，以用於分別達到額外增大之機械穩定性或強度，及用於保護。The container according to the invention generally has an increased tensile strength compared to a container whose outer cover is produced only from biodegradable fibers (in particular, natural fibers) and/or biodegradable plastic fibers without using mineral fibers in the core and increased mechanical stability. This is because yarns which respectively exclusively comprise natural fibers or biodegradable plastic fibers as stability carriers cannot guarantee the required stability, or respectively, load-bearing capacity, given their considerable thickness. According to the invention, by means of mineral fibers, a stable mineral core for the yarn of the sheath is provided, which is surrounded by biodegradable sheath fibers for additional increased mechanical stability or strength, respectively, and for protection.

因此，藉由使用可生物降解外皮纖維之外罩，有可能提供纖維型、無黏著外罩，從而使礦物纖維有可能僅在有限程度上彎曲。由此，不管礦物纖維之脆性或分別低破壞強度，可避免破壞，且因此可提供具有高機械回彈性之紗線。藉由僅根據目前先進技術之全表面、黏著劑塗層不可能達成，該塗層總體更有彈性且對彎曲回彈性僅具有極小影響(若有)。Thus, by using a biodegradable sheath fiber sheath, it is possible to provide a fibrous, non-adhesive sheath, whereby bending of the mineral fibers is possible only to a limited extent. In this way, irrespective of the brittleness or respectively low breaking strength of the mineral fibers, breaking can be avoided and thus yarns with high mechanical resilience can be provided. Not possible with full-surface, adhesive coatings based solely on current state-of-the-art, the coating is overall more elastic and has only minimal, if any, impact on flex resilience.

此外，由於塗層相對於芯之輕微位移係可能的，因此歸因於芯與外皮之間的無黏著劑連接，紗線可甚至在稍後調適。待藉由礦物纖維處理的、無根據本發明之外罩之紗線將有必要必須扭絞或分別地纏繞或分別地捆綁，從而導致細線相對於彼此之縱向可移位性之限制。然而，依靠外罩，可忽略芯之礦物纖維之此扭絞，此又改良可撓性。因此，可裝入芯之礦物纖維，作為簡單、平行伸展之線串，從而使在彎曲時不僅將芯及外罩而且將個別細線相對於彼此移位更容易。Furthermore, since a slight displacement of the coating relative to the core is possible, the yarn can be adapted even later due to the adhesive-free connection between the core and the sheath. Yarns to be treated with mineral fibres, without a sheath according to the invention, would necessarily have to be twisted or wound separately or bundled separately, resulting in a limitation of the longitudinal displaceability of the threads relative to each other. However, by means of the outer cover, this twisting of the mineral fibers of the core can be ignored, which in turn improves the flexibility. Thus, the mineral fibers can be encased in the core as simple, parallel-stretching strands, making it easier to displace not only the core and sheath but also the individual thin wires relative to each other during bending.

另外，有利地，達成製造製程之改良。歸因於礦物纖維之脆性，此傾向於在伸展穿過工業製造設備或分別地製造機器時拼接。因此，礦物纖維在偏轉、循環及其他導引時自身磨損，且遭受部分破壞。使用具有可生物降解外皮纖維的根據本發明之外罩，針對此拼接保護礦物纖維，使得其可經幾乎無損失且無損壞地且亦以原則上較高之一製造速度處理，因為礦物纖維自身不與導引元件接觸。歸因於顯著更高之延展性及柔軟度，用於外罩之可生物降解或分別地可堆肥材料或分別地可生物降解外皮纖維不會遭受此損壞。又，如較早先指出，礦物纖維當在偏轉、循環及其他導引時放下時之彎曲受到外罩限制，使得在製造期間將存在較少破壞。In addition, advantageously, improvements in the manufacturing process are achieved. Due to the brittleness of mineral fibers, this tends to splice when stretched through industrial manufacturing equipment or separately manufactured machines. As a result, the mineral fibers wear themselves out and are partially destroyed during deflection, circulation and other guidance. Using the outer cover according to the invention with biodegradable sheath fibers, the mineral fibers are protected for this splicing so that they can be processed almost without loss and without damage and also at a higher production speed in principle, since the mineral fibers themselves are not contact with the guiding element. Biodegradable or respectively compostable materials for outer covers or respectively biodegradable sheath fibers do not suffer from this damage due to the significantly higher ductility and softness. Also, as noted earlier, the flexing of the mineral fibers when laid down upon deflection, circulation and other guidance is limited by the housing so that there will be less damage during manufacture.

相當重要地，藉由根據本發明之外罩，可達成將最內礦物纖維之磨蝕減小至最小限度。由於礦物纖維包含非常易受磨蝕之材料且部分用具有鋒利邊緣之石子填充具有非裝入外皮之容器以及經填充容器之接著之處置可導致對外皮之損壞，因此裝有不太易受磨蝕之可生物降解外皮纖維的外皮提供顯著增大之處置回彈性。Quite importantly, by means of the outer covering according to the invention, a minimum reduction of the abrasion of the innermost mineral fibers is achieved. Since mineral fibers comprise a very abrasive material and the partial filling of a container with a non-filled outer skin with stones having sharp edges and the subsequent handling of the filled container can lead to damage to the outer skin, the less abrasive The sheath of biodegradable sheath fibers provides significantly increased resilience to handling.

在根據本發明之容器中，容器之裝入之外皮完全包圍填充物，較佳地，堅實填充物，其亦為相容或分別地環境相容之本質。此意謂根據本發明之容器中的外罩當閉合時不具有填充物可退出容器所穿過之開口。可實現該外罩，例如，藉由適合於來自一種個別礦物纖維或分別地一種個別紗線之紡織品的縫製、打結、拼接或其他接合製程，或藉由將兩種不同礦物纖維或分別地紗線或類似者縫製、打結、拼接在一起或接合。在此，較佳地，規定縫隙或其他接頭展現礦物纖維或分別地紗線之強度之至少80%以便不顯著危害容器之抗拉強度，或分別地，總體機械回彈性。In the container according to the invention, the enclosing skin of the container completely surrounds a filling, preferably a solid filling, which is also of a compatible or respectively environmentally compatible nature. This means that the casing in the container according to the invention has no openings through which the filling can exit the container when closed. The covering can be realized, for example, by sewing, knotting, splicing or other joining processes suitable for textiles from one individual mineral fiber or respectively an individual yarn, or by combining two different mineral fibers or respectively yarns thread or the like sewn, knotted, spliced together or joined. Here, preferably, provision is made for the seam or other joint to exhibit at least 80% of the strength of the mineral fiber or respectively the yarn so as not to significantly compromise the tensile strength of the container, or respectively, the overall mechanical resilience.

在此，容器或分別地外罩可具有例如薄墊或輥之形狀。替代地，可提供具有較佳地高達80 cm之厚度的一床墊形狀。在此變型中，可將容器用作針對機械影響或銹蝕之保護，及用於不可滲透襯裡。替代地，可規定外罩呈水平或垂直軟管之形狀。此可藉由接合容器之外罩之縱向邊緣來進行。在此，軟管之開口端可閉合，較佳地，藉由縫製、膠接、打結、拼接或任一其他合適方式，以便保持填充物在外罩內部。Here, the container or respectively the casing can have the shape of a thin pad or a roller, for example. Alternatively, a mattress shape may be provided with a thickness preferably up to 80 cm. In this variant, the container can be used as protection against mechanical influence or corrosion, and as an impermeable lining. Alternatively, provision may be made for the housing to be in the shape of a horizontal or vertical hose. This can be done by joining the longitudinal edges of the outer cover of the container. Here, the open end of the hose can be closed, preferably by sewing, gluing, knotting, splicing or any other suitable means, in order to keep the stuffing inside the housing.

在此實施例中，容器可用作儲存容器，用作障壁，用於沈積石子或岩石，或用作水壩或分別地堤壩之芯。包含呈垂直軟管之形狀的外罩之容器可用於土壤改良或用作垂直排水。替代地，可規定外罩大體呈袋之形狀。此等袋可用於防洪，用於防沖刷及修復，或用於堤壩施工中。又，呈筐之形式或在人工礁中之使用係可能的。In this embodiment, the container may be used as a storage vessel, as a barrier, for depositing stones or rocks, or as a core for a dam or respectively a dam. A container comprising a housing in the shape of a vertical hose can be used for soil improvement or as a vertical drainage. Alternatively, provision may be made for the housing to be substantially in the shape of a bag. These bags can be used for flood protection, for scour protection and restoration, or in embankment construction. Also, use in the form of baskets or in artificial reefs is possible.

按網狀物之形狀，有可能將石子或岩石塊固持於外罩內部，使得可將容器用作過濾器。在彼情況中，選擇網狀物之網格，使得石子不能穿過其以便永久地保持於外罩內部。在此實施例中，提供一種容器，其性質顯著地由填充物之本質判定，藉此可由此達成某一過濾效應。填充有石子之此網狀物可充當例如物件之保護或壓載，例如，在水中。另外，填充之網狀物型容器可用於伸直，以便將例如管線或纜線佈局至原先不平之地下。Depending on the shape of the mesh, it is possible to hold stones or rock pieces inside the housing, making it possible to use the container as a filter. In that case, the mesh of the mesh is chosen such that stones cannot pass through it in order to remain permanently inside the enclosure. In this embodiment, a container is provided whose properties are notably determined by the nature of the filling, whereby a certain filtering effect can thereby be achieved. This mesh filled with stones can serve, for example, as protection or ballast for objects, eg in water. In addition, filled mesh-type containers can be used to straighten in order to route, for example, pipes or cables into previously uneven ground.

容器之填充物較佳地適於外罩之滲透性。此外，在水利工程中，容器之穩定性增加，則水可自其排放得愈快，藉此外罩之滲透性較佳地為容器之填充物之滲透性之至少10倍大。The filling of the container is preferably adapted to the permeability of the casing. Furthermore, in hydraulic engineering, the increased stability of the container, the faster water can be drained from it, whereby the permeability of the casing is preferably at least 10 times greater than that of the filling of the container.

較佳地，進一步規定，芯之礦物纖維為玄武岩纖維、玻璃纖維、碳纖維，或包含其混合物。此等由高度穩定性或分別地高度抗拉強度表徵，使得當將此等材料用於紗線芯中時，可提供高度回彈性容器。可達成該高抗拉強度，特別是，當礦物纖維為連續細線(亦即，非第一次扭絞纖維或分別地紡織口細線)使得負載可分佈於礦物纖維之全部縱向延伸部上時。Preferably, it is further provided that the mineral fibers of the core are basalt fibres, glass fibres, carbon fibres, or comprise mixtures thereof. These are characterized by a high degree of stability or respectively a high degree of tensile strength such that when these materials are used in a yarn core a highly resilient container can be provided. This high tensile strength can be achieved, in particular, when the mineral fibers are continuous threads (ie not twisted for the first time or separately spun threads) so that the load can be distributed over the entire longitudinal extension of the mineral fibers.

較佳地，進一步規定作為可生物降解外皮纖維之外皮包含天然纖維(諸如，椰子、黃麻、***、棉花或亞麻)及/或可生物降解塑膠纖維(諸如，可堆肥聚合物)或其混合物。由此，將高度穩定天然纖維用於外罩。舉例而言，黃麻為最強天然纖維中之一者，且此外，易於處理，使得可保證簡單的製造製程及良好的機械回彈性。同樣地，棉花在潮濕環境中非常耐磨且亦抗撕裂，且耐用。椰子纖維能夠黏著，由此保證改良之可堆疊性，同時維持容器彼此間之高度位置穩定性。此外，椰子纖維始終有彈性，且展現聲音及熱絕緣之強性質。另外，椰子纖維對濕氣不敏感，且展現高度耐磨性及抗撕裂性。其不易於蛀壞。Preferably, it is further specified as a biodegradable sheath fiber The sheath comprises natural fibers (such as coconut, jute, hemp, cotton or flax) and/or biodegradable plastic fibers (such as compostable polymers) or mixtures thereof . Thus, highly stable natural fibers are used for the outer cover. For example, jute is one of the strongest natural fibers and, moreover, is easy to handle, making it possible to guarantee a simple manufacturing process and good mechanical resilience. Likewise, cotton is very abrasion-resistant and also tear-resistant in wet environments, making it durable. Coconut fibers are able to adhere, thereby ensuring improved stackability while maintaining a high degree of positional stability of the containers relative to each other. In addition, coconut fiber is always elastic and exhibits strong properties of sound and heat insulation. In addition, coconut fiber is not sensitive to moisture and exhibits high abrasion and tear resistance. It is not easy to decay.

較佳地，進一步規定至少該礦物纖維抗海水。此意謂，此等由廣泛之抗海水材料製成，且因此，當在海水環境中使用時，僅輕微受到海水影響。在此，可量化抗海水性，例如，遵循DIN標準DIN53739或DIN53521，藉此對於可生物降解外皮纖維及/或礦物纖維，可能可使用其他材料，而非在DIN標準中指定之材料，然而，同時在DIN標準中指定之檢驗指南保持相同。因此，當符合在DIN標準中設定之目標時，將已達到抗海水性。Preferably, it is further provided that at least the mineral fibers are resistant to sea water. This means that these are made of a wide range of seawater resistant materials and are therefore only slightly affected by seawater when used in a seawater environment. Here, seawater resistance can be quantified, for example, following DIN standards DIN53739 or DIN53521, whereby for biodegradable sheath fibers and/or mineral fibers it is possible to use other materials than those specified in the DIN standards, however, At the same time the inspection guidelines specified in the DIN standard remain the same. Therefore, seawater resistance will have been achieved when meeting the goals set in the DIN standard.

較佳地，進一步規定包括填充物之容器具有至少100 kg、特別是至少1000 kg之總重，例如，高達12 t，及/或該容器具有在0.5m3 與10 m3 之間的容量。依靠此重量，有可能提供當在水中使用者將不被沖走且將能夠維持其形狀之容器。但甚至在陸地上，此填充物重量可保證此容器之結構穩定性。Preferably, it is further provided that the container including the filling has a total weight of at least 100 kg, in particular at least 1000 kg, eg up to 12 t, and/or that the container has a capacity of between 0.5 m 3 and 10 m 3 . By virtue of this weight, it is possible to provide a container that will not be washed away by the user and will be able to maintain its shape when in water. But even on land, this filling weight ensures the structural stability of the container.

一般而言，容器之大小及重量可取決於其專用用途而變化，例如，隨待伸直之地下或待保護之物件而變。In general, the size and weight of a container may vary depending on its dedicated use, for example, with the ground to be straightened or the object to be protected.

較佳地，進一步規定，有罩之紗線具有至少4.5 mm之一厚度，及/或至少500 g/m2 之一公克重。依靠此厚度或分別地此公克重，有可能有利地達成容器之特別高度機械穩定性或分別地穩固性及過濾穩定性。特別是，穩固性及機械穩定性可適於在沿海地區盛行之環境壓力。Preferably, it is further provided that the covered yarn has a thickness of at least 4.5 mm and/or a grammage of at least 500 g/m 2 . By virtue of this thickness or respectively this grammage, it is advantageously possible to achieve a particularly high mechanical stability or respectively robustness and filtration stability of the container. In particular, the robustness and mechanical stability can be adapted to the environmental stresses prevailing in coastal areas.

較佳地，進一步規定外罩之紗線具有至少30 kN/m之一抗拉強度。此使容器適合於承受施加於外罩上之負載，特別是，在機械運輸期間或在正常使用中。此外，較佳地，可規定紗線(亦即，礦物纖維及/或可生物降解外皮纖維)為抗UV材料。此可增加使用期限，特別是，在沿海地區中之高UV曝露之情況中。Preferably, it is further provided that the yarns of the cover have a tensile strength of at least 30 kN/m. This makes the container suitable for bearing the loads imposed on the casing, in particular, during mechanical transport or in normal use. Furthermore, preferably, the yarn (ie the mineral fiber and/or the biodegradable sheath fiber) may be provided to be a UV resistant material. This can increase shelf life, especially in cases of high UV exposure in coastal areas.

較佳地，規定容器之填充物包含砂子及/或混凝土。此使提供一可撓性且可調適容器有可能，待使該容器之外罩有更細之網眼以避免填充物離開容器。為此目的，舉例而言，可使用具有在1.4 g/cm3 與2.0 g/cm3 之間的一密度之砂子，藉此可達成特別好的容器結構穩定性。Preferably, the filling of the prescribed container comprises sand and/or concrete. This makes it possible to provide a flexible and adaptable container which is covered with a finer mesh to prevent the filling from leaving the container. For this purpose, for example, sand with a density between 1.4 g/cm 3 and 2.0 g/cm 3 can be used, whereby a particularly good structural stability of the container can be achieved.

較佳地，可進一步規定以羊毛物、織品、芯、交錯紗線或針織物之形式接合外罩之紗線以創造填充有砂子及/或混凝土之印模外罩。依靠根據本發明的紗線之外罩，外罩之各別紡織物結構之系結點及打結點針對在高機械負載下之破壞受到特別好的保護。Preferably, it may further be provided to join the yarns of the cover in the form of fleece, fabric, core, interlaced yarns or knits to create an impression cover filled with sand and/or concrete. By means of the yarn covering according to the invention, the tie points and knotting points of the respective textile structure of the covering are protected particularly well against damage under high mechanical loads.

較佳地，可進一步規定以一網狀物之形式接合(特別是，串接)紗線，以便創造該外罩。在此，有可能提供特別是用於水利工程之一過濾器，藉此網狀物型外罩則將含有較佳地石子或類似物，作為填充物，藉此石子具有大於開口之直徑，或分別地，由紗線形成的網狀物(外罩)之網眼。歸因於根據本發明的紗線之外罩，網狀物之系結點及打結點針對在高機械負載下之破壞以及針對毗鄰尖石受到特別好的保護。Advantageously, it may further be provided to join (in particular, concatenate) the yarns in the form of a web in order to create the covering. Here, it is possible to provide a filter especially for water conservancy projects, whereby the mesh-type housing will then contain preferably stones or the like as filling, whereby the stones have a diameter greater than the opening, or respectively Ground, the mesh of the net (cover) formed by the yarn. Thanks to the yarn covering according to the invention, the tie and knot points of the mesh are protected particularly well against damage under high mechanical loads and against adjacent sharp stones.

另外，根據本發明，提供根據本發明的容器在水利工程及/或海岸防護中、在土木工程中、特別是在道路施工中之使用或用作過濾器。Furthermore, according to the invention, the use of the container according to the invention in hydraulic engineering and/or coastal protection, in civil engineering, in particular in road construction or as a filter is provided.

在此，應將水利工程理解為意謂與地下水、地表水及海岸有關之措施、技術干預及構造。海岸防護特別包括防洪。在海岸防護中之用途特別包括在潮汐影響下或分別地在大海浪之狀況下的用途。亦可提供在堤壩施工、水路保護、防沖刷、測深索(線、管等)之固定，及氣體管線或分別地電線之固定，及基礎保護。在土木工程中，此等容器可用於分離、排水、過濾、加固或防腐蝕。特別是，此等容器可用於海上風力場或類似者中，例如，用於保護風力機之基礎或分別地將其地下變直以便將測深索路徑最佳化。Hydraulic engineering is here understood to mean measures, technical interventions and structures relating to groundwater, surface water and the coast. Coastal protection especially includes flood protection. Use in coastal protection includes in particular use under tidal influence or respectively under conditions of high seas. It can also be used in embankment construction, waterway protection, anti-scouring, fixing of sounding cables (lines, pipes, etc.), fixing of gas pipelines or electric wires separately, and foundation protection. In civil engineering, such containers are used for separation, drainage, filtration, reinforcement or corrosion protection. In particular, such containers can be used in offshore wind farms or the like, for example, to protect the foundations of wind turbines or respectively to straighten them underground in order to optimize the path of the sounding cables.

歸因於其過濾效應，倘若有填充物之合適選擇，此等容器亦可用作過濾器。在此，較佳地，可規定使容器與包括具有某一平均粒徑之粒子的地下接觸。容器之開口之寬度可適於此平均粒徑，以便使容器適於水動力應力及典型地在海岸處出現細砂及中砂。Due to their filtering effect, these containers can also be used as filters, given a suitable choice of filling. Here, provision may preferably be made for the container to be brought into contact with the subsurface comprising particles having a certain average particle size. The width of the opening of the container can be adapted to this average particle size in order to make the container suitable for the hydrodynamic stress and fine and medium sand typically present at the coast.

第1a圖展示用於收納較大石子作為填充物2之一網狀物型容器1，且在第1b圖中，展示用於收納砂子及/或混凝土作為填充物2之一袋型容器1。除了展示為實例之此等容器1之外，亦可提供容器1之其他形狀及紡織品結構，此等基本上由容器1之外罩3判定。Figure 1a shows a mesh-type container 1 for receiving larger stones as filler 2, and in Figure 1b a bag-type container 1 for receiving sand and/or concrete as filler 2. Besides these containers 1 shown as examples, other shapes and textile structures of the containers 1 can also be provided, which are basically determined by the outer cover 3 of the container 1 .

此處，外罩3亦判定哪些填充物2可固持於容器1內部。因此，原則上，粗眼容器1可僅用以固持由較粗粒子(例如，石子)製成之填充物2，而細眼容器1亦可固持由較細粒子(例如，砂子)製成之填充物2。在此，使用的容器1之類型由各別意欲之用途判定，藉此，隨其變化，有可能判定或分別地調適外罩3及填充物2之形狀或分別大小、材料及性質。Here, the housing 3 also determines which fillings 2 can be held inside the container 1 . Therefore, in principle, the coarse-eyed container 1 can only be used to hold fillings 2 made of coarser particles (eg, stones), while the fine-eyed container 1 can also hold fillings 2 made of finer particles (eg, sand). filling2. Here, the type of container 1 used is determined by the respective intended use, whereby it is possible to determine or individually adapt the shape or the respective size, material and properties of the outer cover 3 and filling 2 as they vary.

外罩3自身由紗線4製成，紗線4環境相容。在此，並不強制地提供自天然及/或可生物降解合成材料製造之可生物降解塗層，以便導致紗線4之紡織品結構在縱向方向X上延伸，如在第2圖中展示。根據此，紗線4包含一環狀礦物纖維5作為芯，及裹著此芯之一可生物降解外皮纖維6，藉此此可為一天然纖維6a及/或一可生物降解塑膠纖維6b。外皮之可生物降解外皮纖維6至少幾乎完全既在周邊方向U上且又在縱向方向X上包圍芯之礦物纖維5。The outer cover 3 itself is made of yarn 4 which is environmentally compatible. Here, it is not mandatory to provide a biodegradable coating made from natural and/or biodegradable synthetic materials in order to cause the textile structure of the yarn 4 to extend in the longitudinal direction X, as shown in FIG. 2 . According to this, the yarn 4 comprises an annular mineral fiber 5 as a core, and a biodegradable sheath fiber 6 surrounding the core, whereby this can be a natural fiber 6a and/or a biodegradable plastic fiber 6b. The biodegradable sheath fibers 6 of the sheath surround the mineral fibers 5 of the core at least almost completely both in the peripheral direction U and also in the longitudinal direction X.

較佳地，芯或分別地礦物纖維5為在縱向方向X上「無盡地」延伸之連續細線(紡織品細線)。舉例而言，為了製造紗線4，在一細拉製程中，自液體岩石塊(玄武岩)旋轉個別環狀礦物纖維5。隨後，在礦物纖維5之外部周邊5a上，將可生物降解外皮纖維6纏繞於若干繞組中，或與其一起編織或針織或纏繞或包裹等，使得可生物降解外皮纖維6完全包圍礦物纖維5，由此保護礦物纖維5。Preferably, the core or respectively the mineral fibers 5 are continuous threads (textile threads) extending "endlessly" in the longitudinal direction X. For example, to manufacture the yarn 4, individual ring-shaped mineral fibers 5 are spun from a liquid rock block (basalt) in a fine-drawing process. Subsequently, on the outer periphery 5a of the mineral fiber 5, the biodegradable sheath fiber 6 is wound in several windings, or woven or knitted or wrapped or wrapped etc. with it, so that the biodegradable sheath fiber 6 completely surrounds the mineral fiber 5, The mineral fibers 5 are thereby protected.

藉由根據第1a圖之網狀物型容器1，以此方式製造之紗線4經在適當位點處串接或分別地打結，以便創造網狀物型外罩3。藉由根據第1b圖之袋型容器1，以羊毛物、織品、芯、交錯或針織物之形式將製造之紗線4放在一起以形成袋型外罩3。隨後，引入填充物2且閉合容器1。With the net-type container 1 according to FIG. 1 a , the yarns 4 produced in this way are concatenated at appropriate points or knotted separately in order to create a net-type casing 3 . By means of the bag-type container 1 according to FIG. 1 b , the produced yarns 4 are put together in the form of fleece, fabric, core, interlace or knitted fabric to form the bag-type covering 3 . Subsequently, the filling 2 is introduced and the container 1 is closed.

1:容器 2:填充物 3:外罩 4:有罩之紗線 5:礦物纖維 5a:礦物纖維之外部周邊 6:可生物降解外皮纖維 6a:天然纖維 6b:可生物降解塑膠纖維 U:周邊方向 X:縱向方向1: container 2: Filling 3: Cover 4: Yarn with cover 5: Mineral fiber 5a: Outer perimeter of mineral fibers 6: Biodegradable sheath fiber 6a: Natural fibers 6b: Biodegradable plastic fiber U: peripheral direction X: vertical direction

下文藉由若干實施例實例進一步圖示本發明。以下展示： 第1a圖及第1b圖 不同實施例中的容器之示意圖；及 第2圖透視圖中的外罩之紗線。The invention is further illustrated below by means of several embodiment examples. Shown below: Figures 1a and 1b are schematic diagrams of containers in different embodiments; and The yarn of the cover in the perspective view of Figure 2.

國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無 國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無Domestic deposit information (please note in order of depositor, date, and number) none Overseas storage information (please note in order of storage country, institution, date, and number) none

4:有罩之紗線 4: Yarn with cover

5:礦物纖維 5: Mineral fiber

6:可生物降解外皮纖維 6: Biodegradable sheath fiber

6a:天然纖維 6a: Natural fibers

6b:可生物降解塑膠纖維 6b: Biodegradable plastic fiber

U:周邊方向 U: peripheral direction

X:縱向方向 X: vertical direction

Claims (15)

一種容器(1)，其包含一外罩(3)，該外罩(3)圍封一填充物(2)，該外罩(3)由一紗線(4)製成，該紗線(4)包含一芯及至少部分包圍該芯之一外皮，該芯包含在該紗線(4)之縱向方向(X)上延伸之一礦物纖維(5)，其特性在於該外皮包含至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維(6)，該礦物纖維(5)至少部分地由該至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維(6)包住。 A container (1) comprising a casing (3) enclosing a filling (2), the casing (3) being made of a yarn (4) comprising A core and a sheath at least partially surrounding the core, the core comprising a mineral fiber (5) extending in the longitudinal direction (X) of the yarn (4), characterized in that the sheath comprises at least one biodegradable sheath A fiber (6), the mineral fiber (5) is at least partially surrounded by the at least one biodegradable sheath fiber (6). 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該芯之該礦物纖維(5)及/或該外皮之該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)未塗佈，或該紗線(4)及/或該外罩(3)包含一可生物降解塗層，較佳地，由天然乳膠、天然橡膠、矽灰石、一可堆肥聚合物或其混合物製成。 The container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber (5) of the core and/or the biodegradable sheath fiber (6) of the sheath is uncoated, or the yarn (4 ) and/or the cover (3) comprises a biodegradable coating, preferably made of natural latex, natural rubber, wollastonite, a compostable polymer or a mixture thereof. 如請求項1或2所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該芯之該礦物纖維(5)為一玄武岩纖維、一玻璃纖維、一碳纖維，或包含其混合物。 The container (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mineral fiber (5) of the core is a basalt fiber, a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, or a mixture thereof. 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該芯之該礦物纖維(5)為在該縱向方向(X)上延伸之一連續細線。 Container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fiber (5) of the core is a continuous thin thread extending in the longitudinal direction (X). 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)在該縱向方向(X)上且在周邊方向(U)上完全圍封該礦物纖維(5)。 The container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the biodegradable sheath fibers (6) completely enclose the mineral fibers (5) in the longitudinal direction (X) and in the peripheral direction (U) . 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，在該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)與該礦物纖維(5)之間，未形成物物結合，及/或該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)無黏著地處於該礦物纖維(5)上。 The container (1) as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that no material bond is formed between the biodegradable sheath fiber (6) and the mineral fiber (5), and/or the biodegradable sheath The fibers ( 6 ) lie on the mineral fibers ( 5 ) without adhesion. 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該至少一種可生物降解外皮纖維(6)處於該礦物纖維(5)之一外部周邊(5a)上，該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)以複數個繞組纏繞於該芯上，及/或該芯由複數個外皮纖維(6)藉由網格型纏繞覆蓋，及/或該芯由複數個外皮纖維(6)藉由纏結編織，使得該礦物纖維(5)由該可生物降解外皮纖維(6)覆蓋，較佳地，跨該礦物纖維(5)之該全部縱向延伸部。 The container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one biodegradable sheath fiber (6) is on an outer periphery (5a) of the mineral fiber (5), the biodegradable sheath fiber ( 6) Wound on the core with a plurality of windings, and/or the core is covered by a plurality of sheath fibers (6) by grid-type winding, and/or the core is made of a plurality of sheath fibers (6) by entanglement Braided such that the mineral fiber (5) is covered by the biodegradable sheath fiber (6), preferably across the entire longitudinal extension of the mineral fiber (5). 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，作為可生物降解外皮纖維(6)之該外皮包含諸如椰子、黃麻、***、棉花或亞麻之一天然纖維(6a)，或諸如一可堆肥聚合物之一可生物降解塑膠纖維(6b)，或其混合物。 A container (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sheath as a biodegradable sheath fiber (6) comprises a natural fiber (6a) such as coconut, jute, hemp, cotton or flax, or such as A compostable polymer, a biodegradable plastic fiber (6b), or a mixture thereof. 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，至少該礦物纖維(5)抗海水。 Container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the mineral fibers (5) are resistant to sea water. 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，包括該填充物(2)之該容器(1)具有至少100kg、特別是至少1000kg之一總重，及/或該容器(1)具有在0.5m3與10m3之間的一容量。 The container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (1) including the filling (2) has a total weight of at least 100 kg, in particular at least 1000 kg, and/or the container (1) Has a capacity between 0.5m 3 and 10m 3 . 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於， 該有罩之紗線(4)具有至少4.5mm之一厚度，及/或至少500g/m2之一公克重。 Container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the covered yarn (4) has a thickness of at least 4.5 mm and/or a grammage of at least 500 g/m 2 . 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該外罩(3)之該紗線(4)具有至少30kN/m之一抗拉強度。 Container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the yarn (4) of the outer cover (3) has a tensile strength of at least 30 kN/m. 如請求項1所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該紗線(4)經以一羊毛物、織品、芯、交錯紗線或針織物之形式組裝，以便創造該外罩(3)，或該紗線(4)經以一網狀物之形式組裝，特別是，串接，以便形成一網狀物型外罩(3)。 The container (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the yarns (4) are assembled in the form of a fleece, fabric, core, interlaced yarns or knits in order to create the outer cover (3), Or the yarns (4) are assembled in the form of a net, in particular, concatenated, so as to form a net-type cover (3). 如請求項13所述之容器(1)，其特性在於，該填充物(2)包含石子，該等石子具有大於由該紗線(4)形成的網狀物之開口之一直徑，或該等容器(1)之該填充物(2)包含砂子及/或混凝土。 A container (1) as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the filler (2) comprises stones having a diameter larger than the openings of the mesh formed by the yarn (4), or the The filling (2) of the container (1) comprises sand and/or concrete. 一種如上述請求項中任一項所述之一容器(1)在水利工程及/或海岸防護中、在土木工程中、特別是在道路施工中或作為一過濾器之用途。 Use of a container (1) according to any one of the above claims in hydraulic engineering and/or coastal protection, in civil engineering, especially in road construction or as a filter.
TW109121477A 2019-06-26 2020-06-24 Container and use thereof TWI787625B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19182617.1A EP3757295B1 (en) 2019-06-26 2019-06-26 Container and use of the same
EP19182617.1 2019-06-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW202111188A TW202111188A (en) 2021-03-16
TWI787625B true TWI787625B (en) 2022-12-21

Family

ID=67105731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW109121477A TWI787625B (en) 2019-06-26 2020-06-24 Container and use thereof

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20200407117A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3757295B1 (en)
CN (1) CN112144471A (en)
DK (1) DK3757295T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2893465T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3757295T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3757295T (en)
TW (1) TWI787625B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3164452A1 (en) * 2020-01-21 2021-07-29 Swm Luxembourg Devices, systems and methods for erosion control
IT202100016835A1 (en) 2021-06-28 2022-12-28 De Agostini Sabrina PACKAGING SUITABLE FOR THE CONTAINMENT AND PRESERVATION OF SOLID FUEL AND RELATED PRODUCTION PROCESS

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2335644A (en) * 1942-05-27 1943-11-30 Clark Thread Co Composite strand material
TW200536595A (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-16 Chi-Tsan Lin Apparatus and method for oil spill recovery
CN101184873A (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-05-21 奥特拉斯技术有限公司 Multi-component fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of manufacturing thereof
EP3327201A1 (en) * 2016-11-25 2018-05-30 DS Chemie Holding GmbH Container and use of the same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1535581A1 (en) * 1966-03-09 1970-10-29 Golze Werner Method and device for the production of woven, knitted or crocheted fabrics
US5568719A (en) * 1992-06-11 1996-10-29 Prospin Industries, Inc. Composite yarn including a staple fiber covering a filament yarn component and confining the filament yarn component to a second thickness that is less than a first thickness of the filament in a relaxed state and a process for producing the same
US20050287343A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-12-29 Weiser Sidney M Pyramidal fabrics having multi-lobe filament yarns and method for erosion control
EP2213777A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-08-04 Concrete Canvas Limited Impregnated cloth

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2335644A (en) * 1942-05-27 1943-11-30 Clark Thread Co Composite strand material
TW200536595A (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-16 Chi-Tsan Lin Apparatus and method for oil spill recovery
CN101184873A (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-05-21 奥特拉斯技术有限公司 Multi-component fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of manufacturing thereof
EP3327201A1 (en) * 2016-11-25 2018-05-30 DS Chemie Holding GmbH Container and use of the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3757295T (en) 2021-09-30
DK3757295T3 (en) 2021-10-11
TW202111188A (en) 2021-03-16
PL3757295T3 (en) 2021-12-20
EP3757295B1 (en) 2021-09-01
ES2893465T3 (en) 2022-02-09
EP3757295A1 (en) 2020-12-30
CN112144471A (en) 2020-12-29
US20200407117A1 (en) 2020-12-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9951447B2 (en) Jacket for a lengthy body
TWI787625B (en) Container and use thereof
CN1091193C (en) Anti-scouring component for underwater construction and constructioning method therefor
RU2147051C1 (en) Cemented composite lattice building textile materials
Van Santvoort Geotextiles and geomembranes in civil engineering
CN203546688U (en) Novel anti-pollution curtain applicable to dredging hydraulic reclamation engineering
US20170145631A1 (en) Cut resistant rope
KR101732153B1 (en) textile geogrid for ground reinforcement
KR101174102B1 (en) Fiber-stone, and apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
JP2002069969A (en) Gabion for civil engineering work
KR200473345Y1 (en) Fiber gabion and apparatus for lifting fiber gabion
KR20140109657A (en) Manufacturing method of fiber gabion
JP2003171923A (en) Covering material, method of manufacturing covering material, scour preventive structure and scour preventive construction method
JP2018179056A (en) Protective sheet of underground pipe conduit
JP2022183868A (en) Foundation consolidation structure of seabed and foundation consolidation method
CN112627105A (en) River course is thrown and is filled protection with filling sand bag
JP2009084804A (en) Scouring prevention mat
JP3362243B2 (en) Mesh storage for civil engineering
CN218440977U (en) Pipeline protection net assembly
JP3515487B2 (en) Futon basket basket
CN215289939U (en) Polyester net cage with soil-gravel mold bag and hydraulic engineering reinforcing structure
JP3864354B2 (en) Drainage net
JPH08113934A (en) Underwater composing sheet
CN103598128B (en) Soft connecting method for coasts and large-scale aquaculture netting
JPH0266214A (en) Construction of covering softest ground with fill-up soil