TWI785902B

TWI785902B - Manufacturing method for nut

Info

Publication number: TWI785902B
Application number: TW110143816A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 張朝誠; 許家豪; 張婉琪; 吳國鼎; 曾奕祺; 王文琦
Original assignee: 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-12-01
Also published as: TW202320930A

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a nut is used for solving the problems that too many wastes are generated and manufacturing time consuming in the conventional vehicle nut manufacturing procedure. The method comprises a segmental forming method for processing a nut blank. In the segmental forming method, making a punch head move an upward distance toward a lifting direction in first, and then making the punch head move a segmental downward distance toward a compressing direction. The upward distance is smaller than the segmental downward distance. The segmental forming method is implemented for a segmental times, and the segmental times is implemented at least one time. After completing the segmental forming method, making the punch head move toward the compressing direction to forming the nut blank to a formed blank which has a shape and a blind hole. Said shape of the formed blank corresponds to the mold cavity with a second radial width smaller than a first radial width.

Description

螺帽製造方法 Nut manufacturing method

本發明係關於一種螺帽製造方法，尤其是一種車輪用螺帽的製造方法。 The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a nut, in particular to a method for manufacturing a nut for a wheel.

請參照第1圖，其係一種習知的車輪用螺帽製造方法與對應各階段的胚料狀態，該螺帽的製造方法包含以下階段：階段一：下料形成一胚料9a；階段二：將該胚料9a粗鍛及/或整型以形成具有一特定形狀的一胚料9b，可包含一定位孔90的形成；階段三：將該胚料9b通孔，以具有一通孔90’的一胚料9c；階段四：於該通孔90’一側焊接一帽蓋91，形成具有該帽蓋91的一胚料9d；階段五：車修該胚料9d及該帽蓋91之外形，形成一胚料9e。 Please refer to Figure 1, which is a known manufacturing method of wheel nuts and the state of blanks corresponding to each stage. The manufacturing method of the nuts includes the following stages: Stage 1: blanking to form a blank 9a; Stage 2 : the blank 9a is roughly forged and/or shaped to form a blank 9b with a specific shape, which may include the formation of a positioning hole 90; stage three: the blank 9b is through-holed to have a through-hole 90 A blank 9c of '; stage four: welding a cap 91 on one side of the through hole 90' to form a blank 9d with the cap 91; stage five: car repairing the blank 9d and the cap 91 The outer shape forms a blank 9e.

上述習知的螺帽製造方法，即所謂一般通孔型式之螺帽鍛品，於通孔階段(階段三)中，由於需於鍛造成形後實施一個沖剪成形，以去除螺帽鍛品中間之腹板，其沖除之腹板體積約為鍛品體積之10%至25%，故大量生產通孔型式之螺帽鍛品，將導致過多廢料的產生，且由於後續需進行銲接加工(階段四)與車修外形(階段五)，將導致人力耗費與時間成本增加。 The above-mentioned conventional nut manufacturing method, that is, the so-called general through-hole nut forging, in the through-hole stage (stage 3), it is necessary to implement a punching and shearing forming after forging to remove the middle of the nut forging. For the web plate, the volume of the removed web plate is about 10% to 25% of the volume of the forging product. Therefore, mass production of through-hole nut forging products will lead to excessive waste, and due to the subsequent welding process ( Stage 4) and vehicle repair shape (stage 5), will lead to increased manpower consumption and time costs.

有鑑於此，習知的螺帽製造方法確實仍有加以改善之必要。 In view of this, it is necessary to improve the known nut manufacturing method.

為解決上述問題，本發明的目的是提供一種螺帽製造方法，可減少廢料產生，並減少人力耗費與時間成本。 In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing nuts, which can reduce the production of waste materials, and reduce labor and time costs.

本發明的次一目的是提供一種螺帽製造方法，可根據母模成形部的外形特徵，提供改良的分段工序/多段鍛壓法，使製造的成形胚料不易有疊料的情形，提升製造品質。 The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing nuts, which can provide an improved segmented process/multi-stage forging method according to the shape characteristics of the forming part of the master mold, so that the manufactured forming blanks are not easy to have stacking, and the manufacturing process is improved. quality.

本發明全文所述方向性或其近似用語，例如「前」、「後」、「左」、「右」、「上(頂)」、「下(底)」、「內」、「外」、「側面」等，主要係參考附加圖式的方向，各方向性或其近似用語僅用以輔助說明及理解本發明的各實施例，非用以限制本發明。 Directionality or similar terms used throughout the present invention, such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper (top)", "lower (bottom)", "inner", "outer" , "side", etc., mainly refer to the directions of the attached drawings, and each direction or its approximate terms are only used to assist in explaining and understanding the various embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

本發明全文所記載的元件及構件使用「一」或「一個」之量詞，僅是為了方便使用且提供本發明範圍的通常意義；於本發明中應被解讀為包括一個或至少一個，且單一的概念也包括複數的情況，除非其明顯意指其他意思。 The elements and components described throughout the present invention use the quantifier "a" or "an" only for convenience and to provide the usual meaning of the scope of the present invention; in the present invention, it should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and singular The notion of also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it means otherwise.

本發明全文所述「結合」、「組合」或「組裝」等近似用語，主要包含連接後仍可不破壞構件地分離，或是連接後使構件不可分離等型態，係本領域中具有通常知識者可以依據欲相連之構件材質或組裝需求予以選擇者。 Approximate terms such as "combination", "combination" or "assembly" mentioned throughout the present invention mainly include forms that can be separated without destroying the components after connection, or that the components cannot be separated after connection, etc., which are common knowledge in the art. One can be selected according to the material of the components to be connected or assembly requirements.

本發明的螺帽製造方法，包含：提供一母模，該母模具有軸向相對的一第一端與一第二端，該第一端朝該第二端的軸向方向定義一下壓方向，該第二端朝該第一端的軸向方向定義一抬升方向，該母模具有沿著一軸向延伸的一模穴，且該模穴內具有一第一徑寬及一第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬；將一待加工胚料放置於該模穴中；使一沖頭與該待加工胚料接觸並朝該下壓方向移動；執行一分段工序，在該分段工序中，先使該沖頭朝該抬升方向移動一抬升距離，再使該沖頭朝該下壓方向移動一分段衝壓距離，且該抬升距離小於該分段衝壓距離；其中，該分段工序共執行一分段次數，該分段次數為至少1次；及於執行該分段工序後，使該沖頭朝該下壓方向移動，使該待加工胚料形成一成形胚料，該成形胚料具有對應該模穴中該第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬的一形狀且具有一盲孔。 The manufacturing method of the nut of the present invention includes: providing a female mold, the female mold has a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction, the first end defines a pressing direction toward the axial direction of the second end, The second end defines a lifting direction toward the axial direction of the first end, the master mold has a mold cavity extending along an axial direction, and the mold cavity has a first diameter width and a second diameter width less than the first diameter width; a billet to be processed is placed in the mold cavity; a punch is brought into contact with the billet to be processed and pressed down toward the Direction movement; perform a segmented process, in the segmented process, first move the punch to the lifting direction for a lifting distance, then move the punch to the pressing direction for a segmented punching distance, and the lifting The distance is less than the segmental punching distance; wherein, the segmented process is executed for a total number of segmented times, and the segmented number of times is at least 1; and after performing the segmented process, the punch is moved in the pressing direction, The blank to be processed is formed into a shaped blank, the shaped blank has a shape corresponding to the second diameter width smaller than the first diameter width in the mold cavity and has a blind hole.

據此，本發明的螺帽製造方法，透過該分段工序加工該待加工胚料，可產出具有盲孔且具有預定外型的高品質成形胚料，且不需再進行銲接加工與車修外形，可減少廢料產生、人力耗費及時間成本。 Accordingly, the nut manufacturing method of the present invention can produce a high-quality formed blank with blind holes and a predetermined shape through the step-by-step process of processing the blank to be processed, and does not need to perform welding and turning Modifying the shape can reduce waste generation, manpower consumption and time cost.

其中，該模穴內可具有一母模成形部，該母模成形部可具有一向內凸出形狀，該成形胚料可具有對應該母模成形部的一胚料成形部。如此，可透過該母模成形部的配置，使該成形胚料具有對應該母模成形部的外形且易於製造，具有提升該成形胚料的品質與整體美觀的功效。 Wherein, there may be a female mold forming part in the mold cavity, and the female mold forming part may have an inwardly convex shape, and the forming blank may have a blank forming part corresponding to the female mold forming part. In this way, through the configuration of the forming part of the master mold, the forming blank can have a shape corresponding to the forming part of the master mold and is easy to manufacture, which has the effect of improving the quality and overall appearance of the forming blank.

其中，該母模成形部可具有由至少一圓角半徑所定義的表面。如此，可透過該抬升距離，確保該沖頭與該待加工胚料完全脫離，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, the female molding portion may have a surface defined by at least one fillet radius. In this way, through the lifting distance, it can be ensured that the punch is completely separated from the blank to be processed, which has the effect of improving the quality of the formed blank.

其中，該母模成形部可具有由至少一圓角半徑所定義的表面，該抬升距離可等於該母模成形部的該圓角半徑與該裕度值的總和，該裕度值的範圍可為0.01mm~0.1mm之間。如此，可透過該裕度值的選擇獲得適宜的抬升距離，確保該沖頭與該待加工胚料完全脫離，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, the forming part of the master mold may have a surface defined by at least one fillet radius, and the lift distance may be equal to the sum of the fillet radius of the forming part of the master mold and the margin value, and the range of the margin value may be Between 0.01mm~0.1mm. In this way, an appropriate lifting distance can be obtained through the selection of the margin value, ensuring that the punch is completely separated from the blank to be processed, and has the effect of improving the quality of the formed blank.

其中，該分段次數可為至少2次。如此，可透過較多次的分段次數執行該分段工序加工該待加工胚料，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, the number of divisions may be at least 2 times. In this way, the blank to be processed can be processed by executing the segmented process for a large number of segmentation times, which has the effect of improving the quality of the formed blank.

其中，該模穴內可具有一母模成形部，該母模成形部的表面可具有一第一端、一第二端及一臨界位置，該臨界位置可位於該母模成形部的該第一端與該第二端之間，一第二距離係可定義為自該母模成形部的該第一端至一臨界位置的一軸向長度，該分段衝壓距離可等於該第二距離除以該分段次數後再加上該抬升距離。如此，可透過該分段衝壓距離，避免鍛壓成型過程中疊料的情形產生，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, there may be a female mold forming part in the mold cavity, and the surface of the female mold forming part may be having a first end, a second end, and a critical position, the critical position may be located between the first end and the second end of the master mold forming portion, a second distance may be defined as from the master mold As for an axial length from the first end of the forming part to a critical position, the segmental stamping distance may be equal to the second distance divided by the number of segments and then the lifting distance added. In this way, through the segmental punching distance, the occurrence of overlapping materials during the forging and pressing forming process can be avoided, which has the effect of improving the quality of the forming blank.

其中，於該母模成形部的表面一任一位置可具有一成形角，該成形角係可定義為自該任一位置的一切線方向與一軸向方向之間的銳角夾角；該臨界位置可為具有一成形角不大於一內傾角且最靠近該母模成形部的該第一端的一位置；該內傾角度的範圍可為10度~20度。如此，可透過該內傾角度的選擇獲得適宜的分段衝壓距離，避免鍛壓成型過程中疊料的情形產生，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, there may be a forming angle at any position on the surface of the forming portion of the master mold, and the forming angle may be defined as an acute angle between a tangent direction from any position and an axial direction; the critical position may be It is a position having a forming angle not greater than an inclination angle and closest to the first end of the forming part of the master mold; the inclination angle can range from 10 degrees to 20 degrees. In this way, an appropriate segmented punching distance can be obtained through the selection of the inclination angle, avoiding the occurrence of overlapping materials during the forging and pressing forming process, and having the effect of improving the quality of the formed blank.

其中，該內傾角度可為15度。如此，可透過該內傾角度的選擇獲得較佳的分段衝壓距離，避免鍛壓成型過程中疊料的情形產生，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, the inclination angle may be 15 degrees. In this way, a better segmented punching distance can be obtained through the selection of the inclination angle, avoiding the overlapping of materials during the forging process, and having the effect of improving the quality of the formed blank.

其中，在將該待加工胚料放置於該模穴中的情形中，該待加工胚料與該母模成形部之間可具有在軸向上為最小距離的一第一距離；使該沖頭與該待加工料件接觸並朝該下壓方向移動該第一距離後，執行該分段工序。如此，可在一較佳位置(例如是對應模穴中徑寬變化處或初接觸該母模成形部的位置)執行該分段工序，避免鍛壓成型過程中疊料的情形產生，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, in the case where the blank to be processed is placed in the mold cavity, there may be a first distance between the blank to be processed and the forming part of the female mold, which is the smallest distance in the axial direction; the punch After contacting the workpiece to be processed and moving the first distance in the pressing direction, the segmented process is executed. In this way, the segmented process can be carried out at a preferred position (such as the position corresponding to the change in the diameter and width of the mold cavity or the position that initially contacts the forming part of the master mold), so as to avoid the occurrence of overlapping materials during the forging and pressing forming process, and has the effect of improving the The effect of forming blank quality.

其中，該待加工胚料的材料係為選自碳鋼、合金和不鏽鋼中之任一者；在該待加工胚料的材料為碳鋼的情形下，該分段次數為3~5次；在該待加工胚料的材料為合金的情形下，該分段次數為6次以上；在該待加工胚料的材料為不鏽鋼的情形下，該分段次數為10次以上。如此，可根據材料成型性選擇較佳次數多段鍛壓該待加工胚料，避免鍛壓成型過程中疊料的情形產生，具有提升該成形胚料品質的功效。 Wherein, the material of the blank to be processed is any one selected from carbon steel, alloy and stainless steel; in the case of carbon steel, the number of divisions is 3 to 5 times; When the material of the billet to be processed is alloy, the number of divisions is more than 6; when the material of the billet to be processed is stainless steel, the number of divisions is more than 10 times. Thus, depending on the material Formability selects the optimal number of times for multi-stage forging of the blank to be processed, avoiding material stacking during the forging process, and has the effect of improving the quality of the forming blank.

〔本發明〕〔this invention〕

1a:初始胚料 1a: Initial stock

1b:整形胚料 1b: Shaping embryo material

10b:定位孔 10b: Positioning hole

1c:待加工胚料 1c: blank material to be processed

10c:內孔 10c: inner hole

11c:第一端 11c: first end

12c:第二端 12c: second end

13c:頭部 13c: head

14c:延伸部 14c: Extension

1d:成形胚料 1d: Formed blank

10d:盲孔 10d: blind hole

11d:第一端 11d: first end

12d:第二端 12d: second end

13d:頭部 13d: head

14d:延伸部 14d: Extension

15:胚料成形部 15: Blank forming department

2:母模 2: master model

2a:第一端 2a: first end

2b:第二端 2b: second end

20:模穴 20: Mold cavity

201:第一空間 201: The first space

201A:第一子空間 201A: The first subspace

202:第二空間 202: Second space

203:第三空間 203: The third space

21:母模成形部 21: Master mold forming department

21a:第一端 21a: first end

21b:第二端 21b: second end

21c:臨界位置 21c: critical position

3:沖頭 3: Punch

D_1c:最大頭部徑寬 D _1c : Maximum head diameter width

D_2c:延伸部徑寬 D _2c : Diameter width of extension

D_1d:最大頭部徑寬 D _1d : Maximum head diameter width

D_2d:延伸部徑寬 D _2d : Diameter width of extension

D₂₀₁:第一空間徑寬 D ₂₀₁ : diameter width of the first space

D₂₀₂:第二空間徑寬 D ₂₀₂ : Diameter width of the second space

D₂₀₃:第三空間徑寬 D ₂₀₃ : Diameter width of the third space

L1:第一距離 L1: first distance

L2:第二距離 L2: second distance

R:圓角半徑 R: fillet radius

S_u:抬升距離 S _u : Lifting distance

S_d:分段衝壓距離 S _d : segmental stamping distance

T:分段次數 T: number of segments

θc:臨界成形角 θc: critical forming angle

△T:裕度值 △T: margin value

〔習用〕〔usual〕

9a,9b,9c,9d,9e:胚料 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e: blank material

90:定位孔 90: positioning hole

90’:通孔 90': through hole

91:帽蓋 91: cap

〔第1圖〕一種習知的車輪用螺帽製造流程。 [Fig. 1] A manufacturing process of a conventional wheel nut.

〔第2圖〕本發明一最佳實施例的螺帽製造過程。 [Fig. 2] Nut manufacturing process of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

〔第3圖〕本發明一最佳實施例的母模。 [Fig. 3] a master mold of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

〔第4圖〕對應第3圖，母模成形部的局部放大剖面示意圖。 [Fig. 4] Corresponding to Fig. 3, a partially enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of the forming part of the master die.

〔第5圖〕本發明方法將待加工胚料放置於母模時的實施示意圖。 [Fig. 5] The implementation schematic diagram of the method of the present invention when the blank to be processed is placed on the master mold.

〔第6圖〕本發明方法使沖頭下壓一第一距離的實施示意圖。 [Fig. 6] A schematic diagram of the implementation of the method of the present invention to press the punch down a first distance.

〔第7圖〕本發明方法使沖頭上抬一抬升距離的實施示意圖。 [Fig. 7] A schematic diagram of the implementation of the method of the present invention to lift the punch up by a lifting distance.

〔第8圖〕本發明方法使沖頭下壓一分段衝壓距離的實施示意圖。 [the 8th figure] the implementation schematic diagram of the method of the present invention makes the punch press down a segmental stamping distance.

〔第9圖〕實施本發明方法的一範例中的沖頭行程對應時間的示意圖。 [Fig. 9] It is a schematic diagram of punch stroke versus time in an example of implementing the method of the present invention.

為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明；此外，在不同圖式中標示相同符號者視為相同，會省略其說明。 In order to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically cited below, and are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; in addition, the same symbols are marked in different drawings are considered the same, and their descriptions will be omitted.

請參照第2圖所示，其係本發明一較佳實施例的螺帽製造方法與對應各階段的胚料狀態，該螺帽製造方法包含以下階段：階段一：下料形成一初始胚料1a；階段二：將該初始胚料1a粗鍛及/或整型以形成具有一特定形狀的一整形胚料1b，該整形胚料1b可包含一定位孔10b的形成；階段三：將該整形胚料料件1b形成具有一內孔10c的一待加工胚料料件1c；階段四：以一多段鍛壓/衝壓法加工該待加工胚料1c，使該待加工胚料1c形成具有一盲孔10d及預定外形的一成形胚料1d。 Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a nut manufacturing method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the state of blanks corresponding to each stage. The nut manufacturing method includes the following stages: Stage 1: blanking to form an initial blank 1a; Stage 2: rough forging and/or shaping the initial blank 1a to form a shaped blank 1b having a specific shape, which may include the shape of a positioning hole 10b into; stage three: form the shaping blank material piece 1b into a blank material piece 1c to be processed with an inner hole 10c; stage four: process the blank material 1c to be processed with a multi-stage forging/stamping method, and make the blank material piece 1c to be processed The blank to be processed 1c is formed into a shaped blank 1d having a blind hole 10d and a predetermined shape.

請參照第2圖所示，該待加工胚料1c具有軸向相對的一第一端11c與一第二端12c。該待加工胚料可具有一內孔10c，該內孔10c係一盲孔，該內孔10c係自該第一端11c朝該第二端12c凹陷。該待加工胚料1c可具有一頭部13c與一延伸部14c；該頭部13c在一徑向方向可具有一最大頭部徑寬D_1c，該延伸部14c在一徑向方向可具有一延伸部寬度D_2c，該頭部寬度D_1c大於該延伸部寬度D_2c。 Please refer to FIG. 2 , the blank to be processed 1c has a first end 11c and a second end 12c opposite to each other in the axial direction. The blank to be processed may have an inner hole 10c, the inner hole 10c is a blind hole, and the inner hole 10c is recessed from the first end 11c toward the second end 12c. The blank 1c to be processed may have a head 13c and an extension 14c; the head 13c may have a maximum head diameter D 1c in a radial direction, and the extension 14c may have a radial width D _1c The extension width D _2c , the head width D _1c is greater than the extension width D _2c .

請參照第2圖所示，該成形胚料1d具有軸向相對的一第一端11d與一第二端12d，該成形胚料1d的該盲孔10d係自該第一端11d朝該第二端12d凹陷。該成形胚料1d具有一胚料成形部15，該胚料成形部15具有對應預定外形的形狀。較佳地，該胚料成形部15係自該第二端12d朝該第一端11d延伸。該胚料成形部15可呈一內凹形狀；較佳地，該成形部15自靠近該第一端11d一處朝該第二端12d呈漸縮形狀；更佳地，該成形部15較靠近該第一端11d的一徑向寬度不小於較靠近該第二端12d的一徑向寬度。該成形胚料1d可具有一頭部13d與一延伸部14d，該頭部13d自該第一端11d朝該第二端12d延伸，該延伸部14d連接於該頭部13d與該成形部15之間。該頭部13d在一徑向方向可具有一最大頭部徑寬D_1d，該延伸部14d在一徑向方向可具有一延伸部寬度D_2d，該頭部寬度D_1d大於該延伸部寬度D_2d。 Please refer to Figure 2, the forming blank 1d has a first end 11d and a second end 12d axially opposite, the blind hole 10d of the forming blank 1d is from the first end 11d toward the second The two ends 12d are recessed. The shaped blank 1d has a blank forming portion 15 having a shape corresponding to a predetermined outer shape. Preferably, the billet forming portion 15 extends from the second end 12d toward the first end 11d. The blank forming portion 15 can be in a concave shape; preferably, the forming portion 15 is tapered from a place near the first end 11d to the second end 12d; more preferably, the forming portion 15 is smaller A radial width near the first end 11d is not smaller than a radial width closer to the second end 12d. The forming blank 1d may have a head 13d and an extension 14d, the head 13d extends from the first end 11d toward the second end 12d, the extension 14d is connected to the head 13d and the forming portion 15 between. The head portion 13d may have a maximum head diameter width D _1d in a radial direction, and the extension portion 14d may have an extension portion width D _2d in a radial direction, the head width D _1d being greater than the extension portion width D _2d .

請參照第3圖所示，顯示用於將該待加工胚料1c形成該成形胚料1d的一母模2，該母模2具有沿著一軸向延伸的一模穴20，該模穴20 的徑寬在軸向方向上具有變化；較佳地，該模穴20具有一第一徑寬與一第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬，以定義該模穴20的一徑寬變化處/區域。詳言之，該母模2於該模穴20內具有一母模成形部21，該母模成形部21具有一向內凸出形狀；較佳地，該模穴20於該母模2內具有一封閉端20c，該母模成形部21係連接該封閉端20c；較佳地，該母模成形部21自遠離該封閉端20c的一端朝該封閉端20c的方向呈漸擴形狀。較佳的，上述徑寬變化處可為該母模成形部21。 Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a female mold 2 for forming the blank 1c to be processed into the shaped blank 1d, the female mold 2 has a mold cavity 20 extending along an axial direction, the mold cavity 20 The diameter width of the mold cavity varies in the axial direction; preferably, the mold cavity 20 has a first diameter width and a second diameter width smaller than the first diameter width, so as to define a diameter variation of the mold cavity 20 /area. Specifically, the female mold 2 has a female mold forming part 21 in the mold cavity 20, and the female mold forming part 21 has an inwardly convex shape; preferably, the mold cavity 20 has a A closed end 20c, the female mold forming portion 21 is connected to the closed end 20c; preferably, the female mold forming portion 21 has a gradually expanding shape from an end far away from the closed end 20c toward the closed end 20c. Preferably, the above-mentioned place where the diameter width changes can be the forming part 21 of the female mold.

請參照第3圖所示，詳言之，該母模2可具有軸向相對的一第一端2a與一第二端2b，該模穴20自該第一端2a朝該第二端2b凹陷形成一盲孔；較佳地，該第二徑寬的位置較該第一徑寬的位置靠近該第二端2b。該母模2與該模穴20之間可定義一第一空間201、第二空間202、第三空間203，該第一空間201、該第二空間202及該第三空間203分別具有一第一空間徑寬D₂₀₁、一第二空間徑寬D₂₀₂及一第三空間徑寬D₂₀₃，該第一空間徑寬D₂₀₁大於該第二空間徑寬D₂₀₂，該第三空間徑寬D₂₀₃係自該第二空間202與該第三空間203的重疊邊界朝該第二端2b的方向漸縮。在一範例中，上述第一徑寬可為該第二空間徑寬D₂₀₂，上述第二徑寬可為該第三空間徑寬D₂₀₃；在另一範例中，上述第一徑寬、第二徑寬分別為該第三空間徑寬D₂₀₃的遠離與靠近該第二端2b的徑寬。較佳地，該第一空間201包含一第一子空間201A，該第一子空間201A連接該第一空間201與該第二空間202之間，該第一子空間201A的徑寬係自該第一空間201朝該第二空間202的方向漸縮。該母模成形部21可形成該第三空間203中。較佳地，該母模成形部21的輪廓沿該第一端2a朝該第二端2b的方向呈漸擴。 Please refer to Figure 3, in detail, the female mold 2 may have a first end 2a and a second end 2b axially opposite each other, and the mold cavity 20 is from the first end 2a to the second end 2b The depression forms a blind hole; preferably, the position where the second diameter is wider than the first diameter is closer to the second end 2b. A first space 201, a second space 202, and a third space 203 can be defined between the master mold 2 and the mold cavity 20, and the first space 201, the second space 202, and the third space 203 have a first space respectively. A space diameter D ₂₀₁ , a second space diameter D ₂₀₂ and a third space diameter D ₂₀₃ , the first space diameter D ₂₀₁ is greater than the second space diameter D ₂₀₂ , the third space diameter D ₂₀₃ is tapered from the overlapping boundary of the second space 202 and the third space 203 toward the direction of the second end 2b. In one example, the above-mentioned first diameter may be the second space diameter D ₂₀₂ , and the above-mentioned second diameter may be the third space diameter D ₂₀₃ ; in another example, the above-mentioned first diameter, the second space diameter The two diameters are respectively the diameters away from and close to the second end 2 b of the third space diameter D ₂₀₃ . Preferably, the first space 201 includes a first subspace 201A, the first subspace 201A is connected between the first space 201 and the second space 202, the diameter of the first subspace 201A is from the The first space 201 tapers toward the direction of the second space 202 . The female molding part 21 can be formed in the third space 203 . Preferably, the profile of the female mold forming portion 21 gradually expands along the direction from the first end 2 a to the second end 2 b.

請參照第4圖所示，顯示該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的示意圖，較佳地，該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21具有由至少一圓角半徑R 所定義的表面；較佳地，該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的表面上的任一位置具有一成形角，該成形角係定義為自該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21任一處的一切線方向與一軸向方向之間的銳角夾角。更佳地，該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的表面具有一第一端21a、一第二端21b及一臨界位置21c，該臨界位置21c位於該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的該第一端21a與該第二端21b之間，該臨界位置21c為具有一臨界成形角θc不大於一內傾角且最靠近該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部的該第一端21a的一位置；換言之，該臨界位置21c係自該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的該第一端21a朝該第二端21b的表面上具有與一內傾角相等的一起始位置，且該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21於該第一端21a與該臨界位置21c之間的表面上的任一位置的成形角皆大於該臨界成形角θc；該內傾角度的範圍為10度~20度，並可以0.1度的間距做調整；該內傾角度更佳為15度。 Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the schematic diagram of the change in diameter or the forming part 21 of the female mold. Preferably, the change in diameter or the forming part 21 of the female mold has at least one fillet radius R Defined surface; preferably, any position on the surface of the change in diameter width or the forming part 21 of the master mold has a forming angle, and the forming angle is defined as forming from the change in diameter width or the master mold An acute included angle between a tangential direction at any part of the portion 21 and an axial direction. More preferably, the change in diameter or the surface of the mold forming part 21 has a first end 21a, a second end 21b and a critical position 21c, the critical position 21c is located at the change in diameter or the master mold Between the first end 21a and the second end 21b of the forming part 21, the critical position 21c is the part that has a critical forming angle θc not greater than an inclination angle and is closest to the change in diameter or the forming part of the master mold. A position of the first end 21a; in other words, the critical position 21c has an inclination equal to an inclination angle on the surface of the first end 21a toward the second end 21b of the diameter width variation or the female mold forming portion 21 An initial position, and the forming angle of the change in diameter width or any position of the female mold forming portion 21 on the surface between the first end 21a and the critical position 21c is greater than the critical forming angle θc; the inclination The angle ranges from 10° to 20°, and can be adjusted at intervals of 0.1°; the inclination angle is preferably 15°.

據由前述結構，本發明可實施一種螺帽製造方法，包含如下步驟： According to aforementioned structure, the present invention can implement a kind of nut manufacturing method, comprises the following steps:

請參照第3~4圖所示，提供前述母模2，該母模具有軸向相對的一第一端2a與一第二端2b，該第一端2a朝該第二端2b的軸向方向定義一下壓方向，該第二端2b朝該第一端2a的軸向方向定義一抬升方向，該母模2具有沿著一軸向延伸的一模穴20，且該模穴20內具有一第一徑寬及一第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬。較佳地，該母模2於該模穴20內具有一母模成形部21，該母模成形部21具有一向內凸出形狀。 Please refer to Figures 3 to 4, the aforementioned female mold 2 is provided, the female mold has a first end 2a and a second end 2b axially opposite each other, the first end 2a faces the axial direction of the second end 2b The direction defines a pressing direction, and the second end 2b defines a lifting direction toward the axial direction of the first end 2a. The female mold 2 has a mold cavity 20 extending along an axial direction, and the mold cavity 20 has a A first diameter and a second diameter are smaller than the first diameter. Preferably, the female mold 2 has a female mold forming portion 21 inside the mold cavity 20 , and the female mold forming portion 21 has an inwardly protruding shape.

請參照第5圖所示，將該待加工胚料1c放置於該模穴20中。較佳地，該待加工胚料1c在徑向方向上未與該母模成形部21重合，而使該待加工胚料1c與該母模成形部21之間具有一第一距離L1；該第一距離L1可定義為該待加工胚料1c與該母模成形部21之間的最小軸向距離；在一例子中，該待加工胚料1c與該母模成形部21在徑向方向上僅有彼此相鄰端部重合，使該第一距離L1為零。 Please refer to FIG. 5 , place the blank 1c to be processed in the mold cavity 20 . Preferably, the blank 1c to be processed does not coincide with the forming portion 21 of the female mold in the radial direction, so that there is a first distance L1 between the blank 1c to be processed and the forming portion 21 of the female mold; The first distance L1 can be defined as the minimum axial distance between the blank 1c to be processed and the forming part 21 of the master mold; in one example In this case, only the adjacent ends of the blank 1c to be processed and the forming portion 21 of the master mold overlap each other in the radial direction, so that the first distance L1 is zero.

請參照第5~6圖所示，使一沖頭3與該待加工胚料1c接觸(如第5圖所示)，並使該沖頭3朝該下壓方向移動(如第6圖所示)，較佳朝該下壓方向移動該第一距離L1。較佳地，該沖頭3係伸入該待加工胚料1c的該內孔10c，且該沖頭3的端部與該內孔10c的底端抵接。 Please refer to Figures 5-6, make a punch 3 contact with the blank 1c to be processed (as shown in Figure 5), and make the punch 3 move towards the pressing direction (as shown in Figure 6 shown), preferably move the first distance L1 toward the pressing direction. Preferably, the punch 3 extends into the inner hole 10c of the blank 1c to be processed, and the end of the punch 3 abuts against the bottom end of the inner hole 10c.

請參照第7~8圖所示，執行一分段工序加工該待加工胚料1c。在該分段工序中，先使該沖頭3朝該抬升方向移動一抬升距離S_u(如第7圖所示)，再使該沖頭3朝該下壓方向移動一分段衝壓距離S_d(如第8圖所示)；其中，該抬升距離S_u小於該分段衝壓距離S_d；且其中，使該分段工序共執行一分段次數T，該分段次數T為至少1次。透過該分段工序加工該待加工胚料1c，特別是在當該待加工胚料1c經該沖頭3衝壓至對應該模穴20內該第一徑寬及該第二徑寬的變化處(較佳對應該母模成形部21處)，可使該待加工胚料1c或該成形胚料1d對應上述模穴20的徑寬變化處(較佳為該母模成形部21處)的位置/區域具有較佳的材料性質與成形品質。 Please refer to Figures 7 to 8 to perform a step-by-step process to process the blank 1c to be processed. In the segmented process, the punch 3 is first moved toward the lifting direction by a lifting distance _Su (as shown in Figure 7), and then the punch 3 is moved toward the pressing direction by a segmental punching distance S _d (as shown in Figure 8); wherein, the lifting distance Su is less than the _segmented stamping distance S _d ; and wherein, the segmented process is executed for a segmented number of times T, and the segmented number of times T is at least 1 Second-rate. Process the blank to be processed 1c through the step-by-step process, especially when the blank to be processed 1c is punched by the punch 3 to the position corresponding to the change of the first diameter width and the second diameter width in the mold cavity 20 (preferably corresponding to the forming part 21 of the mother mold), the blank to be processed 1c or the forming blank 1d can be made to correspond to the change in diameter of the mold cavity 20 (preferably at the forming part 21 of the mother mold) The location/area has better material properties and form quality.

請參照第9圖所示，於執行該分段工序後，使該沖頭3朝該下壓方向移動，使該待加工胚料1c形成一成形胚料1d，該成形胚料1d具有對應該模穴20中該第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬的一形狀(較佳具有對應該母模成形部21的一胚料成形部15)且具有該盲孔10d。具有對應該母模成形部21的一胚料成形部15及具有該盲孔10d。詳言之，前述所稱該胚料成形部15對應該母模成形部21，係指胚料成形部15與該母模成形部21在輪廓幾何形狀彼此貼合。 Please refer to Fig. 9, after performing the step-by-step process, the punch 3 is moved toward the pressing direction, so that the blank 1c to be processed is formed into a forming blank 1d, and the forming blank 1d has a corresponding The mold cavity 20 has a shape in which the second diameter is smaller than the first diameter (preferably has a blank forming portion 15 corresponding to the female mold forming portion 21 ) and has the blind hole 10d. It has a blank forming portion 15 corresponding to the female mold forming portion 21 and has the blind hole 10d. In detail, the aforementioned blank forming part 15 corresponds to the master mold forming part 21 means that the blank forming part 15 and the master mold forming part 21 fit each other in contour geometry.

應注意的是，第5~8圖係主要示意螺帽製造過程中該沖頭3的行程與位置變化，並不特別顯示該待加工胚料1c於製造過程中的形變。 It should be noted that Figures 5-8 mainly illustrate the stroke and position changes of the punch 3 during the manufacturing process of the nut, and do not specifically show the deformation of the blank 1c to be processed during the manufacturing process.

該抬升距離S_u係用於使該沖頭3與該待加工胚料1c完全脫離後，再進行該待加工胚料1c的衝壓，藉以達成分段衝壓，具有提升該成形胚料1d品質的功效。應注意的是，如第6圖所示的不考慮該待加工胚料1c形變的情形，當該沖頭3以該第一距離L1衝壓該待加工胚料1c後，該待加工胚料1c於一徑向位置對應該模穴20的徑寬變化處(較佳為該母模成形部21)；惟，若考慮該待加工胚料1c於鍛壓過程產生形變的情況，此時，該待加工胚料1c可能已與該模穴20的徑寬變化處(較佳為該母模成形部21)接觸，而透過使該沖頭3抬升該抬升距離S_u，可使該沖頭3與該待加工胚料1c完全脫離，將有助於後續的分段衝壓，使該成形胚料1d的一形狀/區域(較佳為該胚料成形部15)更貼合該模穴20的徑寬變化處(較佳為該母模成形部21)。該抬升距離S_u可以如下定義：S_u=R+△T；其中，R為該模穴20的徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的一圓角半徑；在一例子中，該模穴20的徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21可具有數個圓角半徑，R為該數個圓角半徑中的最大值。△T為一裕度值，該裕度值△T的範圍為0.01mm~0.1mm之間，並可以0.01mm的間距做調整；該裕度S_a較佳為0.05mm。因此，該抬升距離S_u等於該圓角半徑R與一裕度值△T的總和。此外，該抬升距離S_u亦可僅等於該圓角半徑R。 The lifting distance _Su is used to completely separate the punch 3 from the blank 1c to be processed before stamping the blank 1c to be processed, so as to achieve segmental stamping, which has the effect of improving the quality of the blank 1d to be processed. effect. It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 6 , regardless of the deformation of the blank 1c to be processed, when the punch 3 punches the blank 1c with the first distance L1, the blank 1c to be processed will A radial position corresponds to the change in diameter of the mold cavity 20 (preferably the female mold forming part 21); however, if considering the deformation of the blank 1c to be processed during the forging process, at this time, the waiting The processing blank 1c may have been in contact with the diameter variation of the mold cavity 20 (preferably the forming part 21 of the female mold), and by raising the punch 3 by the lifting distance S _u , the punch 3 and the The complete detachment of the blank to be processed 1c will facilitate the subsequent segmental punching, so that a shape/region (preferably the blank forming part 15) of the formed blank 1d is more suitable for the diameter of the mold cavity 20 Wide variation (preferably the master mold forming part 21). The lift distance S _u can be defined as follows: S _u =R+ΔT; wherein, R is the change in diameter of the mold cavity 20 or a fillet radius of the female mold forming portion 21; in one example, the mold cavity 20 The change of the diameter width of the or the female mold forming part 21 may have several fillet radii, and R is the maximum value among the several fillet radii. ΔT is a margin value, the margin value ΔT ranges from 0.01mm to 0.1mm, and can be adjusted at a pitch of 0.01mm; the margin S _a is preferably 0.05mm. Therefore, the lifting distance _Su is equal to the sum of the fillet radius R and a margin value ΔT. In addition, the lifting distance _Su can also only be equal to the fillet radius R.

該分段衝壓距離S_d係對應該模穴20的徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21之輪廓特徵，以分段方式衝壓該胚料1c，使該成形胚料1d的胚料成形部15不易有疊料的情形發生，具有提升該成形胚料1d品質的功效。該分段衝壓距離S_d可以如下定義：S_d=L2/T+S_u；其中，如第8圖所示，L2為一第二距離，該第二距離L2係定義為自該徑寬變化處或該母模成形部21的該第一端21a至該臨界位置處21c的軸向長度。其中，該內傾角度可對應為拔模角度，因此可透過適當地選擇該內傾角度，使該成形胚料1d的該胚料成形部15的品質可更佳提升。因此，該分段衝壓距離S_d等於該第二距離L2除以該分段次數T後再加上該抬升距離S_u。應注意的是，根據上述定義，在一些例子中，該臨界位置21c可為該第二端21b。 The segmented stamping distance S _d is corresponding to the change in the diameter of the mold cavity 20 or the contour characteristics of the forming part 21 of the master mold. The blank 1c is stamped in a segmented manner to make the blank forming part of the formed blank 1d 15 It is not easy to have the situation of overlapping materials, which has the effect of improving the quality of the forming blank 1d. The segmental stamping distance S _d can be defined as follows: S _d =L2/T+S _u ; wherein, as shown in Figure 8, L2 is a second distance, and the second distance L2 is defined as changing from the diameter or the axial length from the first end 21a of the female mold forming part 21 to the critical position 21c. Wherein, the inclination angle can correspond to the draft angle, so by properly selecting the inclination angle, the quality of the blank forming portion 15 of the formed blank 1d can be better improved. Therefore, the segmented stamping distance S _d is equal to the second distance L2 divided by the number of segments T plus the lifting distance _Su . It should be noted that, according to the above definition, in some examples, the critical position 21c can be the second end 21b.

較佳地，該分段次數T為至少2次；更佳地，該分段次數T為至少3次。詳言之，該分段次數T主要根據該待加工胚料1c之材料成型性決定，舉例而言，當該待加工胚料1c之材料為碳鋼時，該分段次數T為3~5次；當該胚料1c之材料為合金時，該分段次數T為6次以上；當該胚料1c之材料為不鏽鋼時，該分段次數T為10次以上。因此可根據材料成型性當地選擇該分段次數T，使該成形胚料1d的該胚料成形部15的品質可更佳提升。 Preferably, the segmentation times T is at least 2 times; more preferably, the segmentation times T is at least 3 times. In detail, the number of divisions T is mainly determined according to the material formability of the blank to be processed 1c. For example, when the material of the blank 1c to be processed is carbon steel, the number of divisions T is 3~5 times; when the material of the blank 1c is an alloy, the number of divisions T is more than 6 times; when the material of the blank 1c is stainless steel, the number of divisions T is more than 10 times. Therefore, the number of divisions T can be appropriately selected according to the formability of the material, so that the quality of the blank forming portion 15 of the formed blank 1d can be better improved.

請參照第9圖所示，係根據本發明之方法的一實施範例，顯示在該沖頭3的衝壓行程圖，標號P_S為一觸發位置，表示該沖頭3開始執行該多段衝壓的行程位置；標號P_E為一結束位置，表示該沖頭3完成執行該多段衝壓的行程位置；並於完成該分段工序後，使該沖頭3持續朝該下壓方向移動，使該待加工胚料1c填充該模穴20以形成具有該胚料成形部15及一預定深度的一盲孔10d的該成形胚料1d。在該實施範例中，該第一距離L1為2mm，該第二距離L2為5mm，內傾角為15度，該圓角半徑R為0.2mm，該裕度值△T為0.05mm，該待加工胚料1c的材料為碳鋼，對應的該分段次數T為4次；據此對應的該抬升距離S_u為0.25mm，該分段衝壓距離S_d為1.5mm。 Please refer to Figure 9, which is an implementation example of the method according to the present invention, showing the stamping stroke diagram of the punch 3, and the symbol _PS is a trigger position, indicating that the punch 3 starts to execute the multi-stage stamping stroke position; label _PE is an end position, indicating that the punch 3 completes the stroke position of the multi-stage punching; The blank 1c fills the mold cavity 20 to form the shaped blank 1d having the blank forming portion 15 and a blind hole 10d of a predetermined depth. In this implementation example, the first distance L1 is 2mm, the second distance L2 is 5mm, the inclination angle is 15 degrees, the fillet radius R is 0.2mm, and the margin value ΔT is 0.05mm. The material of the billet 1c is carbon steel, and the corresponding number of subsections T is 4; accordingly, the corresponding lifting distance _Su is 0.25 mm, and the subdivision punching distance S _d is 1.5 mm.

綜上所述，本發明的螺帽製造方法，透過對應母模的模穴徑寬變化(特別是透過對應母模成形部的特徵)提出一分段工序的加工方法，而可在一加工道次中形成具有特定外形與盲孔的螺帽，將可協助改善螺帽量產之廢料問題，且有助於成本之降低與成形品質的提升。 To sum up, the nut manufacturing method of the present invention proposes a step-by-step processing method through the variation of the die cavity diameter corresponding to the female mold (especially through the characteristics of the forming part of the corresponding female mold), and A nut with a specific shape and blind hole can be formed in one processing pass, which can help to improve the waste problem of the mass production of the nut, and help to reduce the cost and improve the forming quality.

雖然本發明已利用上述較佳實施例揭示，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍之內，相對上述實施例進行各種更動與修改仍屬本發明所保護之技術範疇，因此本發明之保護範圍當包含後附之申請專利範圍所記載的文義及均等範圍內之所有變更。 Although the present invention has been disclosed by using the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. It is still within the scope of this invention for anyone skilled in the art to make various changes and modifications relative to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall include all changes within the meaning and equivalent scope described in the appended scope of application.

1a:初始胚料 1a: Initial stock

1b:整形胚料 1b: Shaping embryo material

10b:定位孔 10b: Positioning hole

1c:待加工胚料 1c: blank material to be processed

10c:內孔 10c: inner hole

11c:第一端 11c: first end

12c:第二端 12c: second end

13c:頭部 13c: head

14c:延伸部 14c: Extension

1d:成形胚料 1d: Formed blank

10d:盲孔 10d: blind hole

11d:第一端 11d: first end

12d:第二端 12d: second end

13d:頭部 13d: head

14d:延伸部 14d: Extension

15:胚料成形部 15: Blank forming department

D_1c:最大頭部徑寬 D _1c : Maximum head diameter width

D_2c:延伸部徑寬 D _2c : Diameter width of extension

D_1d:最大頭部徑寬 D _1d : Maximum head diameter width

D_2d:延伸部徑寬 D _2d : Diameter width of extension

Claims

一種螺帽製造方法，包含：提供一母模，該母模具有軸向相對的一第一端與一第二端，該第一端朝該第二端的軸向方向定義一下壓方向，該第二端朝該第一端的軸向方向定義一抬升方向，該母模具有沿著一軸向延伸的一模穴，且該模穴內具有一第一徑寬及一第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬；將一待加工胚料放置於該模穴中；使一沖頭與該待加工胚料接觸並朝該下壓方向移動；執行一分段工序，在該分段工序中，先使該沖頭朝該抬升方向移動一抬升距離，再使該沖頭朝該下壓方向移動一分段衝壓距離，且該抬升距離小於該分段衝壓距離；其中，該分段工序共執行一分段次數，該分段次數為至少1次；及於執行該分段工序後，使該沖頭朝該下壓方向移動，使該待加工胚料形成一成形胚料，該成形胚料具有對應該模穴中該第二徑寬小於該第一徑寬的一形狀且具有一盲孔。 A method for manufacturing a nut, comprising: providing a female mold, the female mold has a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction, the first end defines a pressing direction toward the axial direction of the second end, the first end The two ends define a lifting direction toward the axial direction of the first end, the master mold has a mold cavity extending along an axial direction, and the mold cavity has a first diameter width and a second diameter width smaller than the The first diameter is wide; a billet to be processed is placed in the mold cavity; a punch is brought into contact with the billet to be processed and moved toward the pressing direction; a segmented process is performed, and in the segmented process, First move the punch to the lifting direction for a lifting distance, and then move the punch to the pressing direction for a segmented punching distance, and the lifting distance is smaller than the segmented punching distance; wherein, the segmented process is executed in total a number of divisions, the number of divisions being at least 1; and after performing the division process, moving the punch in the pressing direction so that the blank to be processed is formed into a shaped blank, the formed blank It has a shape corresponding to the second diameter width smaller than the first diameter width in the mold cavity and has a blind hole.

如請求項1的螺帽製造方法，其中，該模穴內具有一母模成形部，該母模成形部具有一向內凸出形狀，該成形胚料具有對應該母模成形部的一胚料成形部。 The method for manufacturing nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein, there is a female mold forming part in the mold cavity, the female mold forming part has an inwardly convex shape, and the forming blank has a blank corresponding to the female mold forming part Forming department.

如請求項2的螺帽製造方法，其中，該母模成形部具有由至少一圓角半徑所定義的表面，該抬升距離等於該母模成形部的該圓角半徑。 The method for manufacturing a nut according to claim 2, wherein the female die forming portion has a surface defined by at least one fillet radius, and the lift distance is equal to the fillet radius of the female die forming portion.

如請求項2的螺帽製造方法，其中，該母模成形部具有由至少一圓角半徑所定義的表面，該抬升距離等於該母模成形部的該圓角半徑與一裕度值的總和，該裕度值的範圍為0.01mm~0.1mm之間。 The nut manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the female mold forming portion has a surface defined by at least one fillet radius, and the lift distance is equal to the sum of the fillet radius of the female mold forming portion and a margin value, The margin value ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm.

如請求項1的螺帽製造方法，其中，該分段次數為至少2次。 The nut manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the number of divisions is at least 2.

如請求項5的螺帽製造方法，其中，該模穴內具有一母模成形部，該母模成形部的表面具有一第一端、一第二端及一臨界位置，該臨界位置位於該母模成形部的該第一端與該第二端之間，一第二距離係定義為自該母模成形部的該第一端至一臨界位置的一軸向長度，該分段衝壓距離等於該第二距離除以該分段次數後再加上該抬升距離。 The method for manufacturing nuts according to claim 5, wherein, there is a female mold forming part in the mold cavity, and the surface of the female mold forming part has a first end, a second end and a critical position, and the critical position is located at the Between the first end and the second end of the female mold forming portion, a second distance is defined as an axial length from the first end of the female mold forming portion to a critical position, the segmented punching distance It is equal to dividing the second distance by the number of divisions and adding the lifting distance.

如請求項6的螺帽製造方法，其中，於該母模成形部的表面一任一位置具有一成形角，該成形角係定義為自該任一位置的一切線方向與一軸向方向之間的銳角夾角；該臨界位置為具有一成形角不大於一內傾角且最靠近該母模成形部的該第一端的一位置；該內傾角度的範圍為10度~20度。 The nut manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein there is a forming angle at any position on the surface of the forming part of the master mold, and the forming angle is defined as between a tangent line direction from the any position and an axial direction The acute angle included angle; the critical position is a position having a forming angle not greater than an inclination angle and closest to the first end of the mold forming part; the inclination angle ranges from 10 degrees to 20 degrees.

如請求項7的螺帽製造方法，其中，該內傾角度為15度。 The method for manufacturing a nut according to claim 7, wherein the inclination angle is 15 degrees.

如請求項2的螺帽製造方法，其中，在將該待加工胚料放置於該模穴中的情形下，該待加工胚料與該母模成形部之間具有在軸向上為最小距離的一第一距離；使該沖頭與該待加工胚料接觸並朝該下壓方向移動該第一距離後，執行該分段工序。 The nut manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein, when the blank to be processed is placed in the mold cavity, there is a minimum distance between the blank to be processed and the forming part of the female mold in the axial direction A first distance; after making the punch contact with the blank to be processed and moving the first distance toward the pressing direction, the segmented process is executed.

如請求項1~9中任一項的螺帽製造方法，其中，該待加工胚料的材料係為選自碳鋼、合金和不鏽鋼中之任一者；在該待加工胚料的材料為碳鋼的情形下，該分段次數為3~5次；在該待加工胚料的材料為合金的情形下，該分段次數為6次以上；在該待加工胚料的材料為不鏽鋼的情形下，該分段次數為10次以上。 The nut manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the material of the blank to be processed is any one selected from carbon steel, alloy and stainless steel; the material of the blank to be processed is In the case of carbon steel, the number of divisions is 3 to 5 times; when the material of the billet to be processed is an alloy, the number of divisions is more than 6 times; In some cases, the number of divisions is 10 or more.