TWI779175B - Electromagnetic wave absorber - Google Patents
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- TWI779175B TWI779175B TW108108567A TW108108567A TWI779175B TW I779175 B TWI779175 B TW I779175B TW 108108567 A TW108108567 A TW 108108567A TW 108108567 A TW108108567 A TW 108108567A TW I779175 B TWI779175 B TW I779175B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
[課題]實現一種電磁波吸收體，可良好地吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波，且可良好地追隨於被黏面的凹凸形狀，迴避發生電磁波的洩漏等的問題。 [解決手段]為了黏合於被黏物用的黏著層(2)、和至少包含吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波之電磁波吸收層(1)之構成為兩層以上的層積構造體之透射型的電磁波吸收體(10)，利用Berkovich壓頭之奈米壓痕法的載重量10mgf下的壓入深度，在使前述黏著層的壓入深度為A(mm)、使層積於前述黏著層的第2層的壓入深度為B(mm)時，為1.1＜A／B＜3。[Problem] Realize an electromagnetic wave absorber that can well absorb high-frequency electromagnetic waves above the millimeter-wave frequency range, and can well follow the uneven shape of the surface to be adhered, avoiding problems such as leakage of electromagnetic waves. [Solution] An adhesive layer (2) for adhering to an adherend, and an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer (1) including at least absorbing electromagnetic waves of a high frequency above the millimeter wave frequency band are composed of a laminated structure of two or more layers For the transmissive electromagnetic wave absorber (10), use the indentation depth of the nano-indentation method of the Berkovich indenter under the load of 10mgf, when the indentation depth of the aforementioned adhesive layer is A (mm), and the laminated on When the indentation depth of the second layer of the adhesive layer is B (mm), 1.1<A/B<3.
Description
本揭示涉及吸收電磁波的透射型(非共振型)的電磁波吸收體，尤其涉及在貼附於凹凸表面的情況下亦可對毫米波頻段以上的高的頻段的電磁波展現高的吸收特性的電磁波吸收體。This disclosure relates to a transmissive (non-resonant) electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electromagnetic waves, and in particular, to an electromagnetic wave absorber capable of exhibiting high absorption characteristics for electromagnetic waves in a high frequency range above the millimeter wave frequency range even when attached to a concave-convex surface body.
為了迴避從電路等往外部放出的洩漏電磁波、不期望地反射的電磁波的影響，運用吸收電磁波的電磁波吸收體。An electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electromagnetic waves is used in order to avoid the influence of leaked electromagnetic waves emitted from circuits and the like and unwanted reflected electromagnetic waves.
近年來，在手機等的行動通訊、無線LAN、自動收費系統(ETC)等，具有數吉赫(GHz)的頻段的超高頻、甚至具有30吉赫至300吉赫的頻率的毫米波頻段、超過毫米波頻段的高的頻段的電磁波方面，利用具有1兆赫茲(THz)的頻率的電磁波之技術的研究正亦進展。In recent years, in mobile communications such as mobile phones, wireless LAN, automatic toll collection system (ETC), etc., there are ultra-high frequency bands with frequency bands of several gigahertz (GHz), and even millimeter wave bands with frequencies of 30 GHz to 300 GHz 1. In terms of electromagnetic waves in a frequency band higher than the millimeter wave frequency band, research on techniques for utilizing electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 1 megahertz (THz) is progressing.
應對於利用如此的更高的頻率的電磁波之技術趨勢，吸收非必要的電磁波的電磁波吸收體、形成為薄片狀的電磁波吸收片方面，對於可吸收從吉赫頻段至兆赫茲頻段的電磁波者的要求亦日益增加。In response to the technical trend of utilizing such higher frequency electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic wave absorbers that absorb unnecessary electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic wave absorbing sheets formed in a thin sheet form, for those that can absorb electromagnetic waves from the gigahertz frequency band to the megahertz frequency band The requirements are also increasing.
吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻段的電磁波之電磁波吸收體方面，已提出一種電磁波吸收體，具有在磁性相具有25～100吉赫的範圍下發揮電磁波吸收性能的氧化鐵(ε-Fe2 O3 )結晶之粒子的填充構造(專利文獻1參照)。此外，已提出一種平板狀的電磁波吸收體，把將ε氧化鐵的微細粒子與黏合劑一起混煉的膏體塗佈於由金屬板所成的基材上而形成(專利文獻2參照)。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]As an electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electromagnetic waves in a high frequency range above the millimeter wave frequency range, an electromagnetic wave absorber has been proposed that has iron oxide (ε-Fe 2 O 3 ) Filling structure of crystal particles (see Patent Document 1). In addition, a planar electromagnetic wave absorber has been proposed in which a paste kneaded with fine particles of ε iron oxide and a binder is applied to a base material made of a metal plate (see Patent Document 2). [Prior Art Document] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2008-60484號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2016-111341號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-60484 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-111341
[發明所欲解決之問題][Problem to be solved by the invention]
遮蔽從產生電磁波的產生源的洩漏電磁波的情況下，例如伴隨電子電路的高積體化，將設於薄型的IC晶片、三維FPC等電路基板的毫米波頻段的高頻的雜訊產生源覆蓋而配置電磁波吸收體的情況下，將因此等IC晶片、三維FPC而生的階差、凹凸進行遮蓋時，可抑制毫米波頻段的高頻的雜訊。然而，具有填充有粒子的散體、使電磁波反射的金屬板的歷來的電磁波吸收體的情況下，電磁波吸收體無法追隨於被黏物表面的凹凸而產生間隙，有時恐成為電磁波的洩漏、渦電流所致的發熱電力損的原因。如此般，可吸收是毫米波頻段的數十吉赫以上的頻率的電磁波的電磁波吸收體方面，未實現亦可追隨於具有凹凸的被黏面而配置的電磁波吸收體。In the case of shielding leakage electromagnetic waves from sources that generate electromagnetic waves, for example, with the high integration of electronic circuits, cover the high-frequency noise sources in the millimeter wave band that are installed on circuit boards such as thin IC chips and three-dimensional FPCs On the other hand, when the electromagnetic wave absorber is arranged, when the level difference and unevenness generated by such IC chip and three-dimensional FPC are covered, the high-frequency noise in the millimeter wave frequency band can be suppressed. However, in the case of a conventional electromagnetic wave absorber having a powder filled with particles or a metal plate that reflects electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic wave absorber cannot follow the irregularities on the surface of the adherend and produce gaps, which may cause leakage of electromagnetic waves, vortex, etc. The cause of heat loss caused by current. In this way, an electromagnetic wave absorber capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves with a frequency of several tens of gigahertz or higher in the millimeter wave band has not yet been realized that can also be arranged following a surface to be adhered with unevenness.
本揭示目的在於，為了解決歷來的課題，實現一種電磁波吸收體，可良好地吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波，且可良好地追隨於被黏面的凹凸形狀，迴避發生電磁波的洩漏等的問題。 [解決問題之技術手段]The purpose of this disclosure is to solve the conventional problems and realize an electromagnetic wave absorber that can well absorb high-frequency electromagnetic waves above the millimeter wave frequency band, and can well follow the uneven shape of the surface to be adhered, and avoid the leakage of electromagnetic waves. and so on. [Technical means to solve the problem]
為了解決上述課題，在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體為至少包含為了黏合於被黏物用的黏著層、和吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波之電磁波吸收層之構成為兩層以上的層積構造體之透射型的電磁波吸收體，利用Berkovich壓頭之奈米壓痕法的載重量10mgf下的壓入深度，在使前述黏著層的壓入深度為A(mm)、使層積於前述黏著層的第2層的壓入深度為B(mm)時，為1.1＜A/B＜3。 [對照先前技術之功效]In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application is composed of two or more layers including at least an adhesive layer for bonding to an adherend, and an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves of high frequencies above the millimeter wave frequency range. The penetration type electromagnetic wave absorber of the product structure, the indentation depth under the load of 10 mgf by the nano-indentation method of the Berkovich indenter, when the indentation depth of the above-mentioned adhesive layer is A (mm), the laminated layer is When the indentation depth of the second layer of the adhesive layer is B (mm), 1.1<A/B<3. [compared to the effect of prior art]
在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體是將電磁波吸收體黏合於被黏物之黏著層的壓入深度A與層積於黏著層的第2層的壓入深度B，符合1.1＜A/B＜3的關係，使得可透過黏著層吸收黏著層所接的被黏面的凹凸，可實現防止電磁波洩漏、渦電流的發生等的電磁波吸收體。The electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case is the indentation depth A of the adhesive layer where the electromagnetic wave absorber is bonded to the adherend and the indentation depth B of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer, which meets the requirement of 1.1<A/B<3 The relationship makes it possible to absorb the unevenness of the adhered surface connected by the adhesive layer through the adhesive layer, and realize an electromagnetic wave absorber that prevents electromagnetic wave leakage, eddy current generation, and the like.
在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體為至少包含為了黏合於被黏物用的黏著層、和吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波之電磁波吸收層之構成為兩層以上的層積構造體之透射型的電磁波吸收體，利用Berkovich壓頭之奈米壓痕法的載重量10mgf下的壓入深度，使前述黏著層的壓入深度為A(mm)、使層積於前述黏著層的第2層的壓入深度為B(mm)時，為1.1＜A/B＜3。The electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case is a transmissive structure of two or more layers including at least an adhesive layer for bonding to an adherend and an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves of high frequencies above the millimeter wave frequency range. type electromagnetic wave absorber, using the indentation depth of the nano-indentation method of the Berkovich indenter under the load of 10 mgf, the indentation depth of the aforementioned adhesive layer is A (mm), and the second layer laminated on the aforementioned adhesive layer is When the indentation depth of the layer is B (mm), it is 1.1<A/B<3.
在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體是將電磁波吸收體黏合於被黏物的黏著層的壓入深度A與層積於黏著層的第2層的壓入深度B符合1.1＜A/B＜3的關係，使得黏著層可吸收貼附電磁波吸收體的被黏面的凹凸，使被黏物的表面與電磁波吸收體的間隙減低。此結果，在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體，可實現防止電磁波的洩漏、渦電流的發生等的電磁波吸收體。In the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case, the indentation depth A of the adhesive layer bonding the electromagnetic wave absorber to the adherend and the indentation depth B of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer conform to the relationship of 1.1<A/B<3 , so that the adhesive layer can absorb the unevenness of the surface to be adhered to which the electromagnetic wave absorber is attached, so that the gap between the surface of the adherend and the electromagnetic wave absorber is reduced. As a result, the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application can realize an electromagnetic wave absorber that prevents leakage of electromagnetic waves, generation of eddy current, and the like.
在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體，前述第2層的壓入深度B(mm)是0.4mm以上且1.0mm以下為優選。透過作成如此，可將層積於黏著層的第2層的柔軟度限制於既定範圍，可吸收被黏體具有的凹凸階差，抑制電磁波的洩漏、渦電流所致的發熱電力損。此結果，可將層積於黏著層的第2層的柔軟度限制於既定範圍，可形成一面追隨黏著層的變形一面不大幅變形的第2層。另外層積於黏著層的第2層表示第2層鄰接於黏著層。In the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application, it is preferable that the indentation depth B (mm) of the second layer is not less than 0.4 mm and not more than 1.0 mm. By doing so, the softness of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer can be limited to a predetermined range, the unevenness of the adherend can be absorbed, and the leakage of electromagnetic waves and heat loss due to eddy current can be suppressed. As a result, the flexibility of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer can be limited to a predetermined range, and the second layer can be formed without large deformation while following the deformation of the adhesive layer. Also, the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer means that the second layer is adjacent to the adhesive layer.
此外，前述第2層優選上為前述電磁波吸收層。透過作成如此，就可吸收電磁波並容易貼附於被黏面的電磁波吸收體，能以最簡單的構成形成。In addition, the aforementioned second layer is preferably the aforementioned electromagnetic wave absorbing layer. By doing so, the electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electromagnetic waves and is easily attached to the surface to be adhered can be formed with the simplest configuration.
此外，可將本案揭露的電磁波吸收體作成具有中間層作為前述第2層的三層以上的層積構造。透過作成如此，尤其於電磁波吸收層，由於為了獲得充分的電磁波吸收特性所受的約束而無法形成壓入深度成為期望的值之層的情況下，仍可獲得追隨於被黏面的凹凸之電磁波吸收體。In addition, the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application may have a laminated structure of three or more layers having an intermediate layer as the second layer. By doing so, especially in the case where the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer cannot be formed with a desired depth due to constraints to obtain sufficient electromagnetic wave absorbing properties, it is possible to obtain electromagnetic waves following the unevenness of the surface to be adhered absorber.
此外，前述電磁波吸收層優選上磁性體被分散於有機化合物的黏合劑而被形成。透過作成如此，可構成整體上具有可撓性的電磁波吸收體。In addition, the aforementioned electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is preferably formed by dispersing the magnetic substance in an organic compound binder. By doing so, it is possible to constitute an electromagnetic wave absorber having flexibility as a whole.
此情況下，前述磁性體包含在毫米波頻段以上的頻率發生磁共振的磁性氧化鐵為優選。透過作成如此，可良好地吸收因磁共振而入射於電磁波吸收層的電磁波，故可良好地實現透射型的電磁波吸收體。In this case, it is preferable that the magnetic body includes magnetic iron oxide that resonates magnetically at a frequency equal to or higher than the millimeter wave frequency range. By doing so, electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer due to magnetic resonance can be well absorbed, so that a transmissive electromagnetic wave absorber can be well realized.
再另外，前述黏合劑優選上為熱硬化性橡膠、熱塑性彈性體或熱塑性樹脂中的任一者。Still further, the aforementioned adhesive is preferably any one of thermosetting rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, or thermoplastic resin.
以下，就在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體，參照圖式進行說明。Hereinafter, the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application will be described with reference to the drawings.
(實施方式) 圖1為就本案的實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體的構成進行繪示的的剖面圖。(implementation mode) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of an electromagnetic wave absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在示於圖1的實施方式，示出以黏著層與電磁波吸收層的兩層而構成的層積構造體形式的電磁波吸收體。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , an electromagnetic wave absorber in the form of a laminated structure composed of two layers of an adhesive layer and an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is shown.
另外，圖1為為了使本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體的構成容易理解而記載的圖，並非就現實示出有關示於圖中的構材的大小、厚度者。In addition, FIG. 1 is a figure described in order to make the structure of the electromagnetic wave absorber related to this embodiment easy to understand, and it does not show the size and thickness of the member shown in a figure in reality.
在本實施方式說明的兩層構成的電磁波吸收體10為如示於圖1，吸收電磁波的電磁波吸收層1與將電磁波吸收體貼附於被黏物的黏著層2被層積而構成。在本實施方式例示的電磁波吸收體10是電磁波吸收層1相對於表面積被形成為厚度薄的薄片狀，包含黏著層2的電磁波吸收體10的整體為薄片狀。The two-layer electromagnetic wave absorber 10 described in this embodiment is formed by laminating the electromagnetic wave absorber 1 for absorbing electromagnetic waves and the
[電磁波吸收層] 電磁波吸收層1是為粒子狀的電磁波吸收材料之磁性氧化鐵粉1a被分散於有機化合物的黏合劑1b內而被構成。[Electromagnetic wave absorbing layer] The electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 is formed by dispersing magnetic iron oxide powder 1a which is a granular electromagnetic wave absorbing material in an organic compound binder 1b.
在本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10，作為粒子狀的電磁波吸收材料，可使用ε氧化鐵磁性粉、鋇鐵氧體磁性粉、鍶鐵氧體磁性粉等的磁性氧化鐵的粉體。此等之中，ε氧化鐵是鐵原子的電子旋轉運動時的進動的頻率高且吸收為毫米波頻段之30～300吉赫或其以上的高頻的電磁波的功效高，故特別適合作為電磁波吸收材料。In the electromagnetic wave absorber 10 according to this embodiment, magnetic iron oxide powder such as ε iron oxide magnetic powder, barium ferrite magnetic powder, strontium ferrite magnetic powder or the like can be used as the granular electromagnetic wave absorbing material. Among these, ε-iron oxide is particularly suitable as iron atom because it has a high frequency of precession during the electron rotation motion of iron atoms and has a high effect of absorbing high-frequency electromagnetic waves of 30 to 300 GHz or higher in the millimeter wave frequency band. Electromagnetic wave absorbing material.
ε氧化鐵(ε-Fe2 O3 )是於三氧化二鐵(Fe2 O3 )方面，出現於α相(α-Fe2 O3 )與γ相(γ-Fe2 O3 )之間之相，為透過將反膠束法與溶凝膠法予以組合的奈米粒子合成方法而在單相的狀態下獲得的磁性材料。εiron oxide (ε-Fe 2 O 3 ) is on the side of ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), appearing between the α phase (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) and the γ phase (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) The phase is a magnetic material obtained in a single-phase state through a nanoparticle synthesis method that combines a reverse micelle method and a sol-gel method.
ε氧化鐵是一面為數nm至數十nm的微細粒子一面具備常溫下約20kOe之作為金屬氧化物最大的保磁力，更甚者產生由於基於進動的旋磁效應所致的自然磁共振為數十吉赫以上的所謂的毫米波頻段的頻段。Epsilon iron oxide is a fine particle of a few nm to tens of nm, and has the largest coercive force of about 20kOe as a metal oxide at room temperature, and what's more, it produces a natural magnetic resonance due to the gyromagnetic effect based on precession. The frequency band of the so-called millimeter wave frequency band above ten gigahertz.
再者，ε氧化鐵是作成為將結晶的Fe位置的一部分與鋁(Al)、鎵(Ga)、銠(Rh)、銦(In)等的3價的金屬元素置換的結晶，因而可使在磁共振頻率不同，亦即令在作為電磁波吸收材料而使用的情況下吸收的電磁波的頻率不同。利用此情形而調整要置換的金屬元素的種類與量，從而可形成吸收期望的頻率的電子波的電磁波吸收體。Furthermore, ε-iron oxide is a crystal in which a part of the Fe site of the crystal is substituted with a trivalent metal element such as aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), rhodium (Rh), indium (In), and thus can be used When the magnetic resonance frequency is different, that is, when used as an electromagnetic wave absorbing material, the frequency of electromagnetic waves absorbed is different. By utilizing this situation and adjusting the type and amount of metal elements to be substituted, an electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electron waves of a desired frequency can be formed.
另外，ε氧化鐵包含一部分的Fe位置被金屬置換者而被市售，故容易取得。另外，ε氧化鐵粉是平均粒徑為約30nm程度且呈大致球形或短桿狀(棒狀)。In addition, ε-iron oxide is commercially available including one in which a part of the Fe site is substituted with a metal, so it is easy to acquire. In addition, the ε-iron oxide powder has an average particle diameter of about 30 nm and is approximately spherical or short-rod-shaped (rod-shaped).
鍶鐵氧體磁性粉方面，優選上使用磁鉛礦型鍶鐵氧體磁性粉。具體而言，使用以組成式SrFe(12-x) Alx O19 (x：1.0～2.2)表示的磁鉛礦型鍶鐵氧體磁性粉時，可於76GHz±10GHz波段有效吸收電磁波。鍶鐵氧體磁性粉的大小(粒徑)方面，尤其從電磁波吸收特性的觀點，優選上使用雷射繞射散射粒度分布的峰值粒徑為10μm以上者。As the strontium ferrite magnetic powder, magnetoplumbite-type strontium ferrite magnetic powder is preferably used. Specifically, when magnetoplumbite-type strontium ferrite magnetic powder represented by the composition formula SrFe (12-x) Al x O 19 (x: 1.0-2.2) is used, electromagnetic waves can be effectively absorbed in the 76GHz±10GHz band. In terms of the size (particle diameter) of the strontium ferrite magnetic powder, it is preferable to use one having a peak particle diameter of 10 μm or more in the laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution, especially from the viewpoint of electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics.
本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10是作為構成電磁波吸收層1的黏合劑1b，可使用各種的樹脂材料、橡膠材料等的有機化合物，尤其使用熱塑性彈性體、熱硬化性橡膠為適。In the electromagnetic wave absorber 10 according to this embodiment, as the adhesive 1b constituting the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1, various organic compounds such as resin materials and rubber materials can be used, especially thermoplastic elastomers and thermosetting rubbers are suitable.
在薄片狀的電磁波吸收體10的電磁波吸收層1方面使用樹脂製材料的黏合劑1b，使得可構成整體上具有可撓性的電磁波吸收體10。另外，此處具有可撓性指對電磁波吸收體10施加既定的外力時因此外力而彎曲且在除去施加的外力的情況下返回原本的形狀之特性。The adhesive 1b made of a resin material is used for the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 of the sheet-shaped electromagnetic wave absorber 10, so that the electromagnetic wave absorber 10 having flexibility as a whole can be configured. In addition, here, having flexibility refers to a characteristic that the electromagnetic wave absorber 10 bends when a predetermined external force is applied to the electromagnetic wave absorber 10 due to the external force, and returns to the original shape when the applied external force is removed.
用作為黏合劑1b的熱塑性彈性體方面，舉例苯乙烯系、烯烴系、二烯烴系、氯化烯系、胺基甲酸酯系、酯系、醯胺系、氟系者等。As for the thermoplastic elastomer used as the binder 1b, styrene-based, olefin-based, diene-based, vinyl chloride-based, urethane-based, ester-based, amide-based, fluorine-based, etc. are exemplified.
此外，用作為黏合劑1b的熱硬化性橡膠方面，舉例天然橡膠(NR)、異戊二烯橡膠(IR)、丁二烯橡膠(BR)、苯乙烯丁二烯橡膠(SBR)、丁基橡膠(IIR)、腈橡膠(NBR)、乙烯丙烯橡膠(EPDM)、氯丁二烯橡膠(CR)、丙烯酸橡膠(ACM)、氯磺化聚乙烯橡膠(CSR)、胺基甲酸酯橡膠(PUR)、矽橡膠(Q)、氟橡膠(FKM)、乙酸乙烯酯橡膠(EVA)、環氧氯丙烷橡膠(CO)、多硫化橡膠(T)等。In addition, examples of thermosetting rubber used as the binder 1b include natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butyl Rubber (IIR), Nitrile Rubber (NBR), Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPDM), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), Acrylic Rubber (ACM), Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber (CSR), Urethane Rubber ( PUR), silicone rubber (Q), fluororubber (FKM), vinyl acetate rubber (EVA), epichlorohydrin rubber (CO), polyvulcanized rubber (T), etc.
此等橡膠材料之中，從耐熱性高言之，可適用丙烯酸橡膠、矽橡膠。丙烯酸橡膠的情況下，即使在高溫環境下耐油性仍優異，同時相對便宜且性價比方面亦優異。此外，矽橡膠的情況下，耐熱性以外耐寒性亦高。再者，相對於物理特性的溫度之依存性在合成橡膠中最少，抗溶劑性、耐臭氧性、耐候性方面亦優異。再者，電絕緣性方面亦優異，在寬的溫度範圍及頻段內物理穩定。Among these rubber materials, acrylic rubber and silicone rubber can be used because of their high heat resistance. In the case of acrylic rubber, it is excellent in oil resistance even in a high-temperature environment, and is relatively cheap and excellent in cost performance. In addition, in the case of silicone rubber, in addition to heat resistance, cold resistance is also high. Furthermore, it has the least temperature dependence on physical properties among synthetic rubbers, and is excellent in solvent resistance, ozone resistance, and weather resistance. Furthermore, it is also excellent in electrical insulation, and is physically stable in a wide temperature range and frequency band.
在本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10的電磁波吸收層1，電磁波吸收材料1a方面使用例如ε氧化鐵粉的情況下，ε氧化鐵粉如上述般為粒徑是數nm至數十nm的微細的奈米粒子，故在電磁波吸收層1的形成時，重要是良好地使ε氧化鐵粉分散於黏合劑1b內。為此，使用高分子分散劑、矽烷偶聯劑為優選。更具體而言，可使用信越化學工業股份有限公司製的「KEM-3103」(商品名)等。When the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 of the
另外，電磁波吸收層1的組成方面，作為一例，相對於ε氧化鐵粉100份，可使有機化合物的黏合劑為2～50份、分散劑的含量為0.1～15份。尤其，黏合劑方面使用各種的橡膠材料的情況下，雖可使電磁波吸收體10伸展，惟黏合劑比2份少時，無法良好地使磁性氧化鐵分散。此外變得無法維持薄片狀的電磁波吸收體10方面的形狀，且難以取得電磁波吸收體10的伸展。比50份多時，雖獲得電磁波吸收體10的伸展，惟電磁波吸收體10之中磁性氧化鐵的體積含率變小，磁導率變低故電磁波吸收的功效變小。In addition, regarding the composition of the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 , as an example, with respect to 100 parts of ε iron oxide powder, the content of the organic compound binder is 2-50 parts, and the content of the dispersant is 0.1-15 parts. In particular, when various rubber materials are used for the binder, the
分散劑的含量比0.1份少時，無法使用黏合劑使磁性氧化鐵良好地分散。比15份多時，良好地使磁性氧化鐵分散的功效飽和。電磁波吸收體10之中磁性氧化鐵的體積含率變小，磁導率變低故電磁波吸收的功效變小。When the content of the dispersant is less than 0.1 part, the magnetic iron oxide cannot be well dispersed using the binder. When more than 15 parts, the effect of saturating magnetic iron oxide dispersion satisfactorily. The volume fraction of magnetic iron oxide in the
本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10的電磁波吸收層1是可製作至少包含磁性氧化鐵粉與利用有機化合物的黏合劑之磁性化合物，將此以既定的厚度成型，予以交聯從而形成。The electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 of the
磁性化合物是可將ε氧化鐵粉、分散劑、黏合劑混煉從而獲得。混煉物是作為一例，以加壓式的回分式捏合機進行混煉從而獲得。另外，此時，可依所需混合交聯劑。The magnetic compound can be obtained by kneading ε iron oxide powder, dispersant, and binder. As an example, the kneaded product is obtained by kneading with a pressurized return type kneader. In addition, at this time, a crosslinking agent may be mixed as required.
將獲得的磁性化合物，作為一例，利用液壓機等以150℃的溫度而交聯成型為薄片狀，之後，可於恆溫槽內以170℃的溫度實施2次交聯處理而形成薄片狀的電磁波吸收層1。As an example, the obtained magnetic compound is cross-linked and molded into a thin sheet at a temperature of 150°C by a hydraulic press, etc., and then cross-linked twice at a temperature of 170°C in a constant temperature bath to form a sheet-shaped electromagnetic wave absorbing Layer 1.
[黏著層]
本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10具備黏著層2。具備黏著層2，使得可將電磁波吸收體10，黏合、配置於為電磁波的產生源的形成有電路的電路基板、收容電路的框體的內表面、或外表面等的期望的位置。[adhesive layer]
The
尤其，在本實施方式的薄片狀的電波吸收體1，利用樹脂製的黏合劑而薄片狀地形成電磁波吸收層1的情況下，可具有可撓性，沿著被黏面的形狀予以彎曲。此外，電磁波吸收層1方面使用橡膠製黏合劑的情況下，亦可具有彈性，較易於貼合於具有階差的被黏面、彎曲的被黏面，電波吸收體10的處置容易性提升。In particular, in the sheet-shaped electromagnetic wave absorber 1 of this embodiment, when the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 is formed in a sheet shape by using a resin adhesive, it can be flexibly bent along the shape of the surface to be adhered. In addition, when a rubber adhesive is used for the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 , it can also have elasticity, and it is easier to adhere to a stepped adhered surface or a curved adhered surface, and the handling of the
另外，電磁波吸收體10具有可撓性、彈性的情況下，對黏著層2的材料、形成厚度、形成狀態等下工夫，黏著層2優選上為了不阻礙電波吸收體1的基於彈性變形之伸展而使用例如玻璃點溫度(Tg)低的黏著劑。In addition, when the
黏著層2方面，可使用被用作為黏著帶的黏合層等的周知的材料、橡膠系黏著劑、丙烯酸系黏著劑、聚矽氧系黏著劑、胺基甲酸酯系黏著劑等。此外為了相對於被黏體之黏著力的調節、黏劑殘物的減低，亦可使用黏著賦予劑、交聯劑。再者，取決於用途、被黏對象物，亦可予以導電材料、放熱材料、滑石、含有磁性粉等的各種填料。For the
相對於構成黏著層2的黏著劑的被黏體之黏著力是5N/10mm～12N/10mm為優選。黏著力比5N/10mm小時，有時電磁波吸收體10容易從被黏體剝離、偏移。此外，黏著力比12N/10mm大時，變得難以使電磁波吸收體10從被黏體剝離。The adhesive force of the adhesive constituting the
此外黏著層2的厚度優選上為10μm～50μm。黏著層2的厚度比10μm薄時，黏著力變小，有時電磁波吸收體10容易從被黏體剝離、偏移。黏著層2的厚度比50μm大時，尤其為具有可撓性、彈性的薄片狀的電磁波吸收體10之情況下，整體的可撓性、彈性恐變小。此外，黏著層2厚時變得難以使電磁波吸收體10從被黏體剝離。此外黏著層2的凝聚力小的情況下，將電磁波吸收體10剝離時，有時在被黏體產生黏劑殘物。In addition, the thickness of the
另外，本實施方式相關的用於電磁波吸收體的黏著層可為不可剝離地貼合的黏著層，同時亦可為可進行可剝離的貼合的黏著層。In addition, the adhesive layer used for the electromagnetic wave absorber related to this embodiment may be an adhesive layer bonded in a non-peelable manner, or may be bonded in a peelable manner.
[壓入深度]
本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體10為如示於圖1的被構成為電磁波吸收層1與黏著層2的層積體，同時於電磁波吸收層1和黏著層2中的各者，利用奈米壓痕法之壓入深度符合既定的要件。[pressing depth]
The
此結果，即使在是被黏體的電路基板、收納電路基板的框體的表面形成凹凸的情況下，電磁波吸收層1與黏著層2吸收凹凸而追隨，故可防止在電磁波吸收體10與被黏體之間不期望地產生大的間隙。As a result, even if unevenness is formed on the surface of the circuit board of the adherend or the frame housing the circuit board, the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 and the
圖2為就在構成本實施方式相關的兩層構成的電磁波吸收體的各層之壓入深度進行顯示的影像圖。Fig. 2 is an image diagram showing the indentation depth of each layer constituting the electromagnetic wave absorber having a two-layer structure according to the present embodiment.
如示於圖2，使電磁波吸收層1的壓入深度為B，使貼合於被黏部的黏著層2的壓入深度為A時，在本實施方式的電磁波吸收體10，以符合1.1＜A/B＜3的關係的方式，決定構成個別的層之材料。As shown in FIG. 2 , when the indentation depth of the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 is B, and the indentation depth of the
另外，壓入深度是依奈米壓痕法，在壓頭方面使頂端被形成為銳角的Berkovich(Berkovich)壓頭，使測定載重為10mgf而相對於電磁波吸收層1、黏著層2各者，以單獨的狀態求出。In addition, the indentation depth is based on the nano-indentation method, and the tip of the indenter is a Berkovich (Berkovich) indenter with an acute angle, and the measurement load is 10 mgf. Find out in a separate state.
此測定方法的情況下，對於樣品使測定載重為一定(10mgf)而測定壓入深度，故表示壓入深度越大則越壓入樣品的深處，表示為柔性的樣品。反之壓入深度越小，則表示為硬的樣品。In the case of this measurement method, the indentation depth is measured with a constant measurement load (10mgf) on the sample, so the larger the indentation depth, the deeper the indentation of the sample is indicated, indicating a flexible sample. Conversely, the smaller the indentation depth, the harder the sample.
為電磁波吸收層1的壓入深度B與黏著層的壓入深度A之比的A/B的值設為比1.1大且比3小的範圍，使得黏著層比電磁波吸收層1柔軟，再者電磁波吸收層1具有適度的硬度，故可取得黏著層與電磁波吸收層1的硬度(柔軟度)的平衡。該結果，本案的電磁波吸收體10是從凹凸差小之微少的階差至凹凸差相對大的階差可維持高的追隨性，可減低被黏體之間的間隙。The value of A/B, which is the ratio of the indentation depth B of the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 to the indentation depth A of the adhesive layer, is set to a range greater than 1.1 and smaller than 3, so that the adhesive layer is softer than the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1, and furthermore The electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 has moderate hardness, so the hardness (softness) of the adhesive layer and the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 can be balanced. As a result, the
相對於此，A/B的值為1.1以下的情況下，亦即黏著層2的硬度與電磁波吸收層1的硬度大致相同或更硬的情況下，電磁波吸收體10變得難以追隨凹凸，在電磁波吸收層1與被黏體之間間隙變大。On the other hand, when the value of A/B is 1.1 or less, that is, when the hardness of the
另一方面，A/B的值為3以上的情況下，亦即，黏著層2比電磁波吸收層1過於柔軟的情況下，主要黏著層2變形而吸收凹凸。此情況下，變得難以吸收比黏著層2的厚度大的階差的凹凸，在電磁波吸收層1與被黏體之間間隙變大。On the other hand, when the value of A/B is 3 or more, that is, when the
此外，層積於黏著層1的為第2層的電磁波吸收層2的壓入深度B(mm)是0.4mm以上且1.0mm以下為優選。將層積於黏著層1的電磁波吸收層2的柔軟度限制於既定範圍，使得電磁波吸收層2可良好地追隨於黏著層1的變形。此結果，可良好地吸收被黏體具有的凹凸階差，抑制電磁波的洩漏、渦電流所致的發熱電力損。Moreover, it is preferable that the indentation depth B (mm) of the electromagnetic
兩層構造的電磁波吸收體的情況下，雖電磁波吸收層2成為層積於黏著層1的第2層，惟電磁波吸收層2的壓入深度B(mm)比0.4mm小的情況下，電磁波吸收層2過硬，無法充分追隨於黏著層1的變形。此外，電磁波吸收層2的壓入深度B(mm)比1.0mm大的情況下，電磁波吸收層2過軟使得黏著層1的變形變不規則，仍無法獲得良好的電磁波吸收特性。為第2層的電磁波吸收層2鄰接於如此的黏著層1的情況下，黏著層1的壓入深度A可從黏著層表面透過Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行測定。電磁波吸收層2的壓入深度B是可從與電磁波吸收層2的鄰接於黏著層1之面相反之側，同樣地透過Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行測定。In the case of an electromagnetic wave absorber with a two-layer structure, although the electromagnetic
[電磁波吸收體的別的構成] 在上述的實施方式，電磁波吸收體方面，就由電磁波吸收層與黏著層而構成的兩層構造者進行說明。[Other configurations of the electromagnetic wave absorber] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the electromagnetic wave absorber will be described as a two-layer structure composed of an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer and an adhesive layer.
在本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體，黏著層與層積於黏著層的第2層的壓入深度需要符合既定的要件，惟電磁波吸收層方面，考慮為了對於入射的電磁波予以發揮期望的電磁波吸收特性而限制電磁波吸收層的硬度的調整範圍的情況。此情況下，設想即使調整黏著層的硬度的情況下，仍無法使A/B的值落入比1.1大且比3小如此的條件內。In the electromagnetic wave absorber related to this embodiment, the pressing depth of the adhesive layer and the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer needs to meet predetermined requirements, but the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is considered to exhibit desired electromagnetic wave absorption for incident electromagnetic waves. The adjustment range of the hardness of the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is limited due to the characteristic. In this case, it is assumed that even if the hardness of the adhesive layer is adjusted, the value of A/B cannot fall within the condition of being larger than 1.1 and smaller than 3.
如此的情況下，可作成在電磁波吸收層與黏著層之間形成一層以上之中間層，使電磁波吸收體為三層以上的構造，使層積於黏著層的是第2層的中間層的壓入深度為B時，在黏著層的壓入深度A之間，1.1＜A/B＜3的條件成立。In such a case, one or more intermediate layers may be formed between the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer and the adhesive layer, the electromagnetic wave absorber may have a structure of three or more layers, and the laminated intermediate layer of the second layer may be laminated on the adhesive layer. When the penetration depth is B, the condition of 1.1<A/B<3 is established between the penetration depths A of the adhesive layer.
於圖3，示出就在構成三層構造的電磁波吸收體的各層的壓入深度進行顯示的影像圖。In FIG. 3 , an image diagram showing the indentation depth of each layer constituting the electromagnetic wave absorber of the three-layer structure is shown.
如示於圖3，在電磁波吸收層11與黏著層12之間形成中間層13的情況下，不同於示於圖2的兩層構造的情況，測定中間層13的壓入深度而使該值為B(mm)，與黏著層的壓入深度A(mm)的關係成為1.1＜A/B＜3。透過作成如此，無關於電磁波吸收層11的硬度(壓入深度)，可實現即使被黏於凹凸面仍不會發生電磁波洩漏、渦電流所致的發熱等的問題的電磁波吸收體20。在如此的電磁波吸收層11與黏著層12之間形成中間層13的情況下，黏著層1的壓入深度A可從黏著層表面透過Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行測定。中間層13的壓入深度是可將黏著層12剝離，對曝露的中間層13利用Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行測定。黏著層12的剝離困難的情況下，能以黏著劑溶解的溶劑進行除去而使中間層13曝露，利用Berkovich壓頭進行測定。此外可將包含電磁波吸收層11、中間層13、黏著層12的電磁波吸收體於剖面方向斜向切斷，對曝露的中間層13利用Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行測定。切斷的角度是從黏著層表面的角度越小，則中間層的曝露部分越多故為優選。As shown in FIG. 3, when the
另外，中間層13方面，可使用與電磁波吸收層11的黏合劑相同的材料，亦即可使用各種的樹脂材料、橡膠材料等的有機化合物，尤其使用熱塑性彈性體、熱硬化性橡膠為適。此外，亦可依所需，於中間層13予以含有導電材料、放熱材料、滑石等的各種填料。此情況下，亦可作成中間層13發揮吸收電磁波的功能，可作成為包含ε氧化鐵磁性粉、鋇鐵氧體磁性粉、鍶鐵氧體磁性粉等的磁性氧化鐵的粉體的構成。In addition, for the
如示於圖3，於黏著層12層積中間層13的情況下，層積於中間層13的電磁波吸收層11的黏合劑方面，可使用聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚乙烯(PE)、苯乙烯丁二烯丙烯腈共聚物(ABS)、苯乙烯丙烯腈共聚物樹脂(AS)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚物樹脂(EVA)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚醯胺(PA)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、四氟乙烯全氟烷氧基共聚物樹脂(PFA)、四氟乙烯乙烯共聚物樹脂(ETFE)等的各種熱塑性樹脂。As shown in FIG. 3, in the case where the
另外，本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體方面，不限於示於圖3的三層構造者，亦可採用4層以上的構成。In addition, the electromagnetic wave absorber related to the present embodiment is not limited to the three-layer structure shown in FIG. 3 , and a structure of four or more layers may be employed.
此情況下，黏著層的壓入深度A(mm)、使直接層積於黏著層的層為中間層而使此中間層的壓入深度為B(mm)，作成符合1.1＜A/B＜3的關係。此外，中間層單獨的壓入深度是如上述般0.4mm以上且1.0mm以下為優選。In this case, the indentation depth A (mm) of the adhesive layer, the layer directly laminated on the adhesive layer is the intermediate layer, and the indentation depth of the intermediate layer is B (mm), so that 1.1<A/B< 3 relationships. In addition, it is preferable that the indentation depth of the intermediate layer alone is not less than 0.4 mm and not more than 1.0 mm as described above.
因此，即使為層積於中間層而形成非吸收電磁波之層的另一層的情況、吸收電磁波的電磁波吸收層被層積複數層的構成，層積於黏著層的中間層以外的層的壓入深度仍可無關於黏著層的壓入深度而定。Therefore, even if it is laminated on the intermediate layer to form another layer other than the layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves is laminated with a plurality of layers, and the pressing of layers other than the intermediate layer laminated on the adhesive layer The depth can still be independent of the penetration depth of the adhesive layer.
另外，黏著層成為使用複數個材料之層積構造的情況下，具有在被黏物貼合電磁波吸收體的功能的黏著層之中，形成在最靠近電磁波吸收層的位置之層的壓入深度被判斷為黏著層的壓入深度A(mm)。 [實施例]In addition, when the adhesive layer has a laminated structure using a plurality of materials, the indentation depth of the layer formed at the position closest to the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer among the adhesive layers having the function of bonding the electromagnetic wave absorber to the adherend It is judged as the indentation depth A (mm) of the adhesive layer. [Example]
以下，實際製作本實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體，說明就貼合於階差部的情況下的追隨性進行確認後的檢討內容。Hereinafter, the electromagnetic wave absorber according to the present embodiment is actually produced, and the content of the examination after confirming the followability in the case of sticking to the step portion will be described.
首先，依以下的條件製作兩種的黏著層和四種的電磁波吸收層。First, two types of adhesive layers and four types of electromagnetic wave absorbing layers were produced under the following conditions.
＜黏著層＞ 黏著層方面，第1黏著層方面使用聚矽氧系黏著劑，第2黏著層方面使用丙烯酸系黏著劑，塗佈為厚度38μm的剝離膜狀而製作各0.15μm的厚度者。＜Adhesive layer＞ For the adhesive layer, a silicone adhesive was used for the first adhesive layer, and an acrylic adhesive was used for the second adhesive layer, and they were applied in the form of a peeling film with a thickness of 38 μm, each having a thickness of 0.15 μm.
＜電磁波吸收層＞ 電磁波吸收層是將磁性化合物以既定的厚度進行衝壓成型處理從而製作。磁性化合物是混煉磁性氧化鐵粉、橡膠製黏合劑、和填料，將交聯劑混合於獲得的混煉物而調整黏度而得。將如此般製作的磁性化合物，利用液壓機以溫度165℃交聯成型薄片狀，進而在恆溫槽內，以溫度170℃實施兩次交聯處置，皆獲得厚度1.2mm的期望的電磁波吸收層。＜Electromagnetic wave absorbing layer＞ The electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is manufactured by stamping a magnetic compound with a predetermined thickness. The magnetic compound is obtained by kneading magnetic iron oxide powder, a rubber binder, and a filler, and mixing a crosslinking agent with the obtained kneaded product to adjust the viscosity. The magnetic compound produced in this way was cross-linked and formed into a thin sheet using a hydraulic press at a temperature of 165°C, and then cross-linked twice at a temperature of 170°C in a constant temperature bath to obtain a desired electromagnetic wave absorbing layer with a thickness of 1.2mm.
在形成磁性化合物之際使用的磁性氧化鐵粉與橡膠製黏合劑的材料和量如以下。The materials and amounts of the magnetic iron oxide powder and the rubber binder used when forming the magnetic compound are as follows.
另外，用作為上述黏合劑的矽橡膠皆為信越化學工業株式會社製的矽橡膠化合物，KE-510-U(產品名)是與KE-541-U(產品名)比較下，橡膠硬度低。 ＜中間層＞ 在上述厚度1.2mm的電磁波吸收層4與厚度0.15μm的丙烯酸系黏著劑層之間，作為中間層製作設置厚度0.15μm的聚矽氧系黏著劑層的電磁波吸收體9。此外，在上述厚度1.2mm的電磁波吸收層4與厚度0.15μm的聚矽氧系黏著劑層1之間，作為中間層製作設置厚度0.3μm的矽橡膠(KE-510-U)的電磁波吸收體10。電磁波吸收層4與中間層是160℃、5分鐘熱壓接而形成。In addition, the silicone rubber used as the above-mentioned adhesive is a silicone rubber compound manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KE-510-U (product name) has a lower rubber hardness than KE-541-U (product name). ＜Middle layer＞ An electromagnetic wave absorber 9 in which a silicone adhesive layer with a thickness of 0.15 μm was provided as an intermediate layer between the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 4 with a thickness of 1.2 mm and the acrylic adhesive layer with a thickness of 0.15 μm was produced. In addition, an electromagnetic wave absorber in which silicone rubber (KE-510-U) with a thickness of 0.3 μm was provided as an intermediate layer between the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 4 with a thickness of 1.2 mm and the silicone adhesive layer 1 with a thickness of 0.15 μm was produced. 10. The electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 4 and the intermediate layer were formed by thermocompression bonding at 160° C. for 5 minutes.
接著，就上述電磁波吸收層1～4的各電磁波吸收層，調查作為第1黏著層使用聚矽氧系黏著劑而形成的電波吸收體1～4、作為第2黏著層使用丙烯酸系黏著劑而形成的電波吸收體5～8、及在電磁波吸收層4與丙烯酸系黏著劑層之間作為中間層設置聚矽氧系黏著劑層的電磁波吸收體9、在電磁波吸收層4聚矽氧系黏著劑層之間作為中間層設置矽橡膠的電磁波吸收體10的薄片的壓入深度。Next, for each of the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave absorbing layers 1 to 4, the electromagnetic wave absorbers 1 to 4 formed by using a silicone-based adhesive as the first adhesive layer and using an acrylic adhesive as the second adhesive layer were investigated. The formed radio wave absorbers 5 to 8, and the electromagnetic wave absorber 9 in which a polysiloxane-based adhesive layer is provided as an intermediate layer between the electromagnetic wave-absorbing layer 4 and the acrylic adhesive layer, and a polysiloxane-based adhesive on the electromagnetic wave-absorbing layer 4 The indentation depth of the sheet of the
壓入深度是使用Elionix株式會社製的超微小壓入硬度試驗機「ENT-1100a(產品名)」，透過Berkovich壓頭，準據於ISO14577而進行。另外，試驗荷重為10mgf，分割數250次，步距40msec，環境溫度25℃。The indentation depth was measured in accordance with ISO14577 using an ultra-micro indentation hardness tester "ENT-1100a (product name)" manufactured by Elionix Co., Ltd., through a Berkovich indenter. In addition, the test load was 10 mgf, the number of divisions was 250, the step distance was 40 msec, and the ambient temperature was 25°C.
於圖4，示出透過奈米壓痕法而測定的個別的樣品的施加載重與位移量(壓入深度)的關係。In FIG. 4 , the relationship between the applied load and the displacement (indentation depth) of individual samples measured by the nanoindentation method is shown.
於圖4，符號31表示上述的黏著層1的測定結果，以下符號32表示黏著層2，符號33表示電磁波吸收層1，符號34表示電磁波吸收層2，符號35表示電磁波吸收層3，符號36表示電磁波吸收層4的測定結果。In FIG. 4 , the
個別的樣品的最大位移量(壓入深度)是黏著層1為1.04mm，黏著層2為1.181mm，電磁波吸收層1為0.824mm，電磁波吸收層2為0.417mm，電磁波吸收層3為0.300mm，電磁波吸收層4為0.26mm。The maximum displacement (pressing depth) of individual samples is 1.04mm for adhesive layer 1, 1.181mm for
接著，於四種的電磁波吸收層1～4，分別層積黏著層1、黏著層2而製作全部八種類的薄片狀的電磁波吸收體。另外，電磁波吸收層與黏著層是於電磁波吸收層層積黏著層後，透過加壓輥進行層積加工從而一體化。Next, the adhesive layer 1 and the
就如此般而製作的全部八種類的電磁波吸收體，測定相對於階差的追隨性。另外，使層積黏著層1與電磁波吸收層1的樣品為電磁波吸收體1，以下使層積黏著層1與電磁波吸收層2的樣品為電磁波吸收體2，使層積黏著層1與電磁波吸收層3的樣品為電磁波吸收體3，使層積黏著層1與電磁波吸收層4的樣品為電磁波吸收體4。此外，使層積黏著層2與電磁波吸收層1的樣品為電磁波吸收體5，使層積黏著層2與電磁波吸收層2的樣品為電磁波吸收體6，使層積黏著層2與電磁波吸收層3的樣品為電磁波吸收體7，使層積黏著層2與電磁波吸收層4的樣品為電磁波吸收體8。All eight types of electromagnetic wave absorbers produced in this way were measured for their followability with respect to the step difference. In addition, let the sample laminated with the adhesive layer 1 and the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer 1 be the electromagnetic wave absorber 1, and let the sample laminated with the adhesive layer 1 and the electromagnetic
圖5為說明追隨性的測定方法的影像圖。Fig. 5 is an image diagram illustrating a method of measuring followability.
首先，如示於圖5(a)，使厚度188μm、50mm×50mm的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)膜為台座41，在此之上，分別載置厚度(h)為50μm與100μm、寬(W)為3mm的兩種類的平板42。First, as shown in FIG. 5(a), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with a thickness of 188 μm and 50 mm×50 mm is used as a
接著，如示於圖5(b)，僅一個邊與平板42垂直相交的狀態下，夾著平板42在台座41，分別貼附電磁波吸收體樣品43。此時，作成重疊於電磁波吸收體樣品43而配置的平板42的長度(D)成為30mm。另外在貼附時，如在圖5(b)以箭頭44表示，從電磁波吸收體樣品43之上方以0.5Mpa加壓1分鐘。Next, as shown in FIG. 5( b ), in a state where only one side perpendicularly intersects the
如此般，如將夾著平板42的狀態下的相對於台座41的電磁波吸收體樣品43的黏著層的密接情況於圖5(b)以箭頭45表示，通過台座41而以光學顯微鏡進行觀察。In this way, the adhesion of the adhesive layer of the electromagnetic
圖6為就在夾著平板的狀態下黏合於台座的電磁波吸收體樣品的狀態進行繪示的影像圖。Fig. 6 is an image diagram showing a state of an electromagnetic wave absorber sample bonded to a stand with a flat plate sandwiched between them.
如示於圖6，在平板42的3個周圍部分，於電磁波吸收體樣品43與台座41之間存在間隙46。測定在個別的樣品沿著平板42的長度方向而生的間隙(圖6中的左右方向的間隙)的大小。間隙的測定點如示於圖6，設為與電磁波吸收體樣品43重複的平板42的長度(D)＝30mm之中點部分(圖6中，長度D1＝15mm)、和從此中點部分朝平板42的頂端的方向與電磁波吸收體43的邊的方向分別隔著間隔D2＝10mm的點。就此等6點的測定點，使平板42的左側的測定點從平板42的頂端側為L1、L2、L3，使平板42右側的測定點從平板42的頂端側為R1、R2、R3。As shown in FIG. 6 , there are
圖7～圖10為就測定的電磁波吸收體方面的黏著層的間隙的狀態進行觀察的相片。圖7示出電磁波吸收體2方面板厚度為50μm的情況，圖8相同地示出電磁波吸收體2方面板厚度為100μm的情況。此外，圖9示出電磁波吸收體4方面板厚度為50μm的情況，圖10相同地示出電磁波吸收體4方面板厚度為100μm的情況。Fig. 7 to Fig. 10 are photographs observing the state of gaps in the adhesive layer on the side of the electromagnetic wave absorber measured. FIG. 7 shows the case where the two sides of the electromagnetic wave absorber have a plate thickness of 50 μm, and FIG. 8 similarly shows the case where the two sides of the electromagnetic wave absorber have a plate thickness of 100 μm. In addition, FIG. 9 shows the case where the four sides of the electromagnetic wave absorber have a plate thickness of 50 μm, and FIG. 10 similarly shows the case where the four sides of the electromagnetic wave absorber have a plate thickness of 100 μm.
於各圖，示於中央者為就在夾住平板42的狀態下的樣品全體進行顯示的相片。此外，於各圖，將就個別的樣品中的左側的測定點L1、L2、L3與右側的測定點R1、R2、R3進行放大而攝影的顯微照片，分別顯示於對應的位置。In each figure, what is shown in the center is a photograph which shows the whole sample in the state which sandwiched the
如例示於圖7～圖10，就個別的樣品將六個測定點以顯微鏡放大，利用量規測定在各測定點的間隙46的大小。例如，就示於圖7的電磁波吸收體2，平板42的厚度為50μm的情況下，在左側的測定點L1的間隔46為0.44mm，在測定點L2的間隔46為0.46mm，在測定點L3的間隔46為0.48mm，在右側的測定點R1的間隔46為0.74mm，在測定點R2的間隔46為0.83mm，在測定點R3的間隔46為0.66mm。採如此般測定的在6點的測定點的間隔46的平均值，作為該樣品之間隔。在示於圖7的電磁波吸收體2，平板42的厚度50μm的情況下，作為平均值而得的間隔為0.60mm。As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 as examples, six measurement points of an individual sample are enlarged with a microscope, and the size of the
同樣地，就示於圖8的電磁波吸收體2，平板42的厚度為100μm的情況下，在各測定點之間隔46是測定點L1為0.96mm，測定點L2為0.82mm，測定點L3為1.10mm，右側的測定點R1之間隔46為0.77mm，測定點R2為0.67mm，測定點R3為0.81mm，平均值為0.85mm。Similarly, in the
此外，電磁波吸收體4方面，在圖9示出的平板42的厚度為50μm的情況下，測定點L1為1.51mm，測定點L2為1.49mm，測定點L3為1.71mm，測定點R1為1.70mm，測定點R2為1.43mm，測定點R3為2.47mm，平均值為1.72mm。同樣地，就電磁波吸收體4，在圖10示出的平板42的厚度為100μm的情況下，測定點L1為1.77mm，測定點L2為1.68mm，測定點L3為2.06mm，測定點R1為1.86mm，測定點R2為2.04mm，測定點R3為2.29mm，平均值為1.95mm。In addition, regarding the electromagnetic wave absorber 4, when the thickness of the
圖式雖省略，惟就電磁波吸收體1、3、5～8亦採取同樣方式，將平板42的厚度為50μm與100μm的情況下的間隔46以6點的測定點進行測定，求出平均值。Although the drawings are omitted, the electromagnetic wave absorbers 1, 3, 5 to 8 are similarly measured, and the
將測定結果示於表1、表2。The measurement results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
於上述表1，記入使黏著層1的壓入深度為A、使層積於黏著層1的電磁波吸收層2的壓入深度為B時的B/A的值。此外，記入在表2使黏著層1的壓入深度為A、使鄰接於黏著層1的黏著劑層或矽橡膠的壓入深度為B時的B/A的值。算出將個別的電磁波吸收體的測定的間隔46的值(6點的測定值的平均值)除以夾在之間的平板42的厚度之數值「[間隔]/[厚度]」而記載於表1。In the above-mentioned Table 1, the value of B/A is recorded when A is the indentation depth of the adhesive layer 1 and B is the indentation depth of the electromagnetic
從表1、表2可清楚得知，B/A的值為1.1＜B/A＜3的範圍之電磁波吸收體1、電磁波吸收體2、電磁波吸收體5、電磁波吸收體6的情況下，皆[間隔]/[厚度]的數值為13以下，相對於形成階差的平板42的厚度，形成的間隙46相對小。視看作為代表例將在電磁波吸收體2的間隔46的狀態進行圖示的圖7與圖8時，亦不僅平板42的厚度為50μm的情況下的圖7，是階差的大小之平板42的厚度大至100μm的情況下的圖8中，儘管間隔46變寬，在平板42的長度方向仍成為大致相同的程度的大小。It can be clearly seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that in the case of electromagnetic wave absorber 1,
相對於此，B/A的值成為1.1＜B/A＜3的範圍外之電磁波吸收體3、電磁波吸收體4、電磁波吸收體7、電磁波吸收體8的情況下，皆[間隔]/[厚度]的數值比14大，可得知相對於形成階差的平板42的厚度而形成的間隙46大。視看作為代表例將在電磁波吸收體4的間隔46的狀態進行圖示的圖9與圖10時，平板42的厚度為50μm的情況下的圖9、平板42的厚度大至100μm的圖10皆間隔46變大，此外在各測定點的間隔46的變異性變大。On the other hand, in the case of the electromagnetic wave absorber 3, the electromagnetic wave absorber 4, the electromagnetic wave absorber 7, and the
根據以上的測定結果可得知，將使黏著層1的壓入深度為A、使層積於黏著層1的電磁波吸收層2或作為中間層的黏著層、矽橡膠的壓入深度為B時的B/A的值，設為1.1＜B/A＜3的範圍內，使得可獲得對於形成在被黏面的階差之追隨性高的電磁波吸收體。From the above measurement results, it can be seen that when the depth of penetration of the adhesive layer 1 is A, and the depth of penetration of the electromagnetic
一般情況下，已知透過配裝於傳送線路上的雜訊抑制體之傳導雜訊抑制效果是每單位線路長的大小Ploss 比例於，因流於傳送線路的電流而產生的高頻磁通與雜訊抑制體的耦合係數M、雜訊抑制體的磁導率μ''、生成吸收的電磁波的頻率f、因高頻電流而磁化的深度δ的積(M・μ''・f・δ)。於此，於耦合係數M，包含將配置於傳送線路與雜訊抑制體之間的雜訊抑制體貼合的黏著帶的厚度所致的間隙的影響，流於傳送線路的雜訊電流微弱的情況下，M及δ皆變小而雜訊抑制效果降低。In general, it is known that the conduction noise suppression effect of the noise suppression body equipped on the transmission line is that the size P loss per unit line length is proportional to the high-frequency magnetic flux generated by the current flowing in the transmission line The product of the coupling coefficient M with the noise suppressor, the magnetic permeability μ'' of the noise suppressor, the frequency f of the electromagnetic wave generated and absorbed, and the depth δ of magnetization by high-frequency current (M・μ''・f・δ). Here, the coupling coefficient M includes the influence of the gap caused by the thickness of the adhesive tape that attaches the noise suppressor disposed between the transmission line and the noise suppressor, and the noise current flowing in the transmission line is weak Under lower conditions, both M and δ become smaller and the effect of noise suppression decreases.
相對於此，在本實施方式示出的電磁波吸收體，將為黏著層與電磁波吸收層的壓入深度的比之B/A的數值，規定為比1.1大且比3小的範圍，使得追隨於配置在是電磁波的產生源的電路基板上的電子構件的凹凸，電磁波吸收層更密接於雜訊產生源，故可獲得高的電磁波吸收效果。On the other hand, in the electromagnetic wave absorber shown in this embodiment, the numerical value of the ratio B/A of the indentation depth ratio of the adhesive layer to the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is set to a range larger than 1.1 and smaller than 3, so that the following Since the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is in close contact with the noise generating source due to the unevenness of the electronic components disposed on the circuit board that is the source of electromagnetic waves, a high electromagnetic wave absorbing effect can be obtained.
如以上說明，在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體為至少包含為了黏合於被黏物用的黏著層、和吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻率的電磁波之電磁波吸收層之構成為兩層以上的層積構造體之透射型的電磁波吸收體，黏著層的壓入深度與層積於黏著層的第2層的壓入深度展現既定的關係，使得可實現可吸收被黏面的凹凸且發揮良好的電磁波吸收特性的電磁波吸收體。As described above, the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case is a laminate of two or more layers including at least an adhesive layer for bonding to an adherend and an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves of high frequencies above the millimeter wave frequency range. The transmission type electromagnetic wave absorber of the structure has a predetermined relationship between the indentation depth of the adhesive layer and the indentation depth of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer, so that it can absorb the unevenness of the adhered surface and exert good electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic wave absorber with absorption characteristics.
另外，在上述實施方式，電磁波吸收體方面，就黏著層以外電磁波吸收層薄亦形成為薄片狀的整體上薄片狀的電磁波吸收體進行說明。然而，在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體方面，亦能以為了獲得更高的電磁波吸收特性等為目的而形成厚的電磁波吸收層，整體上構成為非薄片狀而為塊狀的電磁波吸收體。此情況下，黏著層的壓入深度A、和層積於黏著層的第2層的壓入深度B亦為1.1＜B/A＜3的範圍內，從而可實現即使在被黏面為凹凸的情況下仍可發揮良好的電磁波吸收特性的電磁波吸收體。In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, regarding the electromagnetic wave absorber, the electromagnetic wave absorber in which the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer other than the adhesive layer is thin and formed in a sheet shape as a whole is described. However, in the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application, a thick electromagnetic wave absorbing layer can also be formed for the purpose of obtaining higher electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics, etc., and the electromagnetic wave absorber can be configured not as a sheet but as a block as a whole. In this case, the indentation depth A of the adhesive layer and the indentation depth B of the second layer laminated on the adhesive layer are also within the range of 1.1<B/A<3, so that even if the surface to be adhered is uneven An electromagnetic wave absorber that exhibits good electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics even in the case of
此外，在上述實施方式，含於電磁波吸收層的電磁波吸收材料方面例示使用ε氧化鐵與鍶鐵氧體者而說明。如上述般，使用ε氧化鐵，從而可形成吸收是毫米波頻段的30吉赫至300吉赫的電磁波的電磁波吸收片。此外，置換Fe位置的金屬材料方面，使用銠等，從而可實現吸收是規定為電磁波的最高頻率之1兆赫茲的電磁波的電磁波吸收片。此外，鍶鐵氧體亦在數十吉赫頻段發揮電磁波吸收特性。In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the electromagnetic wave absorbing material contained in the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is described as an example using ε iron oxide and strontium ferrite. As described above, by using ε iron oxide, it is possible to form an electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet that absorbs electromagnetic waves of 30 GHz to 300 GHz in the millimeter wave frequency range. In addition, rhodium or the like is used as a metal material for replacing Fe sites, thereby realizing an electromagnetic wave absorbing sheet that absorbs electromagnetic waves of 1 MHz, which is the highest frequency specified for electromagnetic waves. In addition, strontium ferrite also exhibits electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics in the tens of GHz frequency band.
然而，在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體，用作為電磁波吸收層的電磁波吸收材料的磁性氧化鐵不限於ε氧化鐵與鍶鐵氧體。However, in the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this application, the magnetic iron oxide used as the electromagnetic wave absorbing material of the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer is not limited to ε iron oxide and strontium ferrite.
例如，作為鐵氧體系電磁吸收體的六方晶鐵氧體在76吉赫帶發揮電磁波吸收特性。為此，ε氧化鐵、鍶鐵氧體以外，利用在是如此的毫米波頻段之30吉赫至300吉赫中具有電磁波吸收特性的磁性氧化鐵的粒子、和橡膠製黏合劑而形成電磁波吸收層，從而可實現吸收毫米波頻段的電磁波且具有可撓性的電磁波吸收體。For example, hexagonal ferrite, which is a ferrite-based electromagnetic absorber, exhibits electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics in the 76 GHz band. For this purpose, in addition to ε iron oxide and strontium ferrite, electromagnetic wave absorption is formed by using magnetic iron oxide particles that have electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics in the millimeter wave frequency range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and a rubber binder. layer, so that an electromagnetic wave absorber that absorbs electromagnetic waves in the millimeter wave frequency band and has flexibility can be realized.
另外，例如，六方晶鐵氧體的粒子與在上述實施方式例示的ε氧化鐵的粒子比較下粒徑大至數十μm程度，此外粒子形狀亦非大致球狀而為板狀、針狀的結晶。為此，利用橡膠製黏合劑而形成磁性塗料之際，調整分散劑的使用、黏合劑的混煉條件，作為磁性塗料而塗佈的狀態下，優選上調整為在電磁波吸收層中磁性氧化鐵粉盡可能均勻地分散的狀態，再且空隙率盡可能小。In addition, for example, the particles of hexagonal ferrite have a particle diameter as large as several tens of μm compared with the particles of ε iron oxide exemplified in the above embodiment, and the shape of the particles is not roughly spherical but plate-like or needle-like. crystallization. Therefore, when forming a magnetic paint using a rubber binder, the use of a dispersant and the kneading conditions of the binder are adjusted, and in the state of coating as a magnetic paint, it is preferable to adjust it so that the magnetic iron oxide in the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer The powder is dispersed as evenly as possible, and the porosity is as small as possible.
此外於上述的說明，形成電磁波吸收層的方法方面，雖就製作磁性化合物而將此交聯成型的方法進行說明，惟在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體的製作方法方面，除將上述磁性化合物成型等之方法以外，考慮使用例如擠出成型法。In addition, in the above description, in terms of the method of forming the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer, although the method of making a magnetic compound and cross-linking the molding is described, but in terms of the manufacturing method of the electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case, in addition to molding the above-mentioned magnetic compound, etc. In addition to other methods, it is contemplated to use, for example, extrusion molding.
更具體而言，將磁性氧化鐵粉與黏合劑，依所需將分散劑等預先以加壓式捏合機、擠壓機、輥磨機等進行摻合，將摻合的此等材料從擠出成型機的樹脂供應口供應至可塑性筒體內。另外，擠出成型機方面，可使用具備可塑性筒體、設於可塑性筒體的頂端的模具、在可塑性筒體內配設為旋轉自如的螺桿、和將螺桿予以驅動的驅動機構之一般的擠出成型機。透過擠出成型機的帶式加熱器而可塑化的溶解材料因螺桿的旋轉被送至前方而從頂端擠出為薄片狀從而可獲得既定的厚度的電磁波吸收層。More specifically, the magnetic iron oxide powder, the binder, and the dispersant, etc. are blended in advance with a pressurized kneader, extruder, roller mill, etc., and the blended materials are extruded The resin supply port of the molding machine is supplied to the plastic cylinder. In addition, as an extrusion molding machine, it is possible to use a general extruder equipped with a plastic cylinder, a mold provided at the tip of the plastic cylinder, a screw arranged to rotate freely in the plastic cylinder, and a drive mechanism for driving the screw. Forming Machine. The dissolved material plasticized by the belt heater of the extrusion molding machine is sent forward by the rotation of the screw and extruded into a sheet from the tip to obtain an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer of a predetermined thickness.
此外，依磁性化合物的黏度，可使用射出成型、砑光輥(輥)成型方法。 [產業上之可利用性]In addition, depending on the viscosity of the magnetic compound, injection molding, calender roll (roller) molding methods can be used. [Industrial availability]
在本案揭露的電磁波吸收體有用於，吸收毫米波頻段以上的高的頻段的電磁波，再者黏合於具有凹凸的被黏面的情況下仍發揮高的電磁波吸收特性。The electromagnetic wave absorber disclosed in this case is useful for absorbing electromagnetic waves of high frequency bands above the millimeter wave frequency band, and it can still exhibit high electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics when it is adhered to a surface with unevenness to be adhered.
1‧‧‧電磁波吸收層
1a‧‧‧ε氧化鐵(電磁波吸收材料)
1b‧‧‧黏合劑
2‧‧‧黏著層
10‧‧‧電磁波吸收體1‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave absorbing layer
1a‧‧‧εiron oxide (electromagnetic wave absorbing material)
1b‧‧‧
[圖1]就實施方式相關的電磁波吸收體的構成進行說明的剖面圖。
[圖2]就在構成電磁波吸收體的兩個層之壓入深度的量進行說明的圖。
[圖3]就在三層構成的電磁波吸收體之壓入深度的量進行說明的圖。
[圖4]就利用奈米壓痕法之壓入載重與壓入深度的關係進行繪示的圖。
[圖5]就對於階差之電磁波吸收體的追隨性評價試驗進行說明的影像圖。
[圖6]就進行追隨性評價試驗後的電磁波吸收體的狀態進行說明的影像圖。
[圖7]就電磁波吸收體2的追隨性評價的第1狀態進行繪示的圖。
[圖8]就電磁波吸收體2的追隨性評價的第2狀態進行繪示的圖。
[圖9]就電磁波吸收體4的追隨性評價的第1狀態進行繪示的圖。
[圖10]就電磁波吸收體4的追隨性評價的第2狀態進行繪示的圖。[ Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of an electromagnetic wave absorber according to the embodiment.
[ Fig. 2 ] A diagram explaining the amount of indentation depth between two layers constituting the electromagnetic wave absorber.
[ Fig. 3 ] A diagram explaining the amount of indentation depth in an electromagnetic wave absorber composed of three layers.
[Fig. 4] A graph showing the relationship between the indentation load and the indentation depth by the nanoindentation method.
[FIG. 5] An image diagram explaining the followability evaluation test of the electromagnetic wave absorber with respect to a step difference.
[ Fig. 6 ] An image diagram illustrating the state of the electromagnetic wave absorber after the followability evaluation test.
[ FIG. 7 ] A diagram showing the first state of the followability evaluation of the
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| TW201942923A (en) | 2019-11-01 |
| WO2019188351A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
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