TWI776573B - System and method for estimating traffic condition of viaduct segment - Google Patents

System and method for estimating traffic condition of viaduct segment Download PDF

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TWI776573B
TWI776573B TW110123903A TW110123903A TWI776573B TW I776573 B TWI776573 B TW I776573B TW 110123903 A TW110123903 A TW 110123903A TW 110123903 A TW110123903 A TW 110123903A TW I776573 B TWI776573 B TW I776573B
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elevated road
vehicle
vehicle detection
signaling
road section
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TW202301888A (en
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廖家妤
莊育祥
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中華電信股份有限公司
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Abstract

A system and a method for estimating traffic condition of a viaduct segment are provided. The method includes: receiving a plurality of vehicle detection signaling corresponding to the viaduct segment; calculating signaling traffic according to the plurality of vehicle detection signaling; in response to the signaling traffic being less than or equal to a first threshold, generating an estimated result indicating that the traffic condition of the viaduct segment is corresponded to a first speed; and outputting the estimated result.

Description

估計高架路段的交通狀況的系統和方法System and method for estimating traffic conditions on an elevated road segment

本發明是有關於一種估計交通狀況的技術，且特別是有關於一種用於估計高架路段的交通狀況的系統和方法。The present invention relates to a technique for estimating traffic conditions, and more particularly, to a system and method for estimating traffic conditions on an elevated road segment.

近年來，運用行動裝置基地台為基礎的基於基地台的載具偵測（cellular-based vehicle probe，CVP）信令技術可以快速地以較低的成本計算和監測路段的交通狀況。然而，對於高架道路和平面道路由於CVP信令技術不包含路段之高度的資訊，故CVP信令無法用於判斷移動目標行駛於高架道路或平面道路。因此，基於CVP信令所發布的交通狀況可能無法反應實際的情況。據此，如何依據CVP信令判斷高架道路是否壅塞，是本領域人員致力解決的問題。In recent years, the cellular-based vehicle probe (CVP) signaling technology based on mobile device base stations can quickly calculate and monitor the traffic conditions of road sections with low cost. However, for elevated roads and flat roads, since the CVP signaling technology does not include the information of the height of the road segment, the CVP signaling cannot be used to determine that the moving object is driving on the elevated road or the flat road. Therefore, the traffic conditions announced based on CVP signaling may not reflect the actual situation. Accordingly, how to judge whether the elevated road is congested according to the CVP signaling is a problem that those skilled in the art are devoted to solving.

本發明提供一種用於估計高架路段的交通狀況的系統和方法，可判斷高架道路是否壅塞，並可發布行駛於高架道路上之載具的速率。The present invention provides a system and method for estimating the traffic condition of an elevated road section, which can judge whether the elevated road is congested, and can publish the speed of vehicles traveling on the elevated road.

本發明的一種用於估計高架路段的交通狀況的系統。系統包含處理器、儲存媒體以及收發器。儲存媒體儲存多個模組。處理器耦接儲存媒體以及收發器，並且存取和執行多個模組，其中多個模組包含資料收集模組、運算模組、估計模組以及輸出模組。資料收集模組通過收發器接收對應於高架路段的多個載具偵測信令。運算模組根據多個載具偵測信令計算信令流量。估計模組響應於信令流量小於或等於第一門檻值而產生指示高架路段的交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果。輸出模組通過收發器輸出估計結果。A system of the present invention for estimating traffic conditions on an elevated road segment. The system includes a processor, a storage medium, and a transceiver. The storage medium stores multiple modules. The processor is coupled to the storage medium and the transceiver, and accesses and executes a plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules include a data collection module, a calculation module, an estimation module and an output module. The data collection module receives a plurality of vehicle detection signals corresponding to the elevated road section through the transceiver. The computing module calculates signaling traffic according to multiple vehicle detection signaling. The estimation module generates an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to the first rate in response to the signaling flow being less than or equal to the first threshold value. The output module outputs the estimation result through the transceiver.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的估計模組響應於信令流量大於第一門檻值而根據移動速率對多個載具偵測信令進行分群以產生多個群組，其中多個群組包含對應於最快載具速率的第一群組以及對應於最大載具數量的第二群組。In an embodiment of the present invention, in response to the signaling flow rate being greater than the first threshold, the above estimation module groups a plurality of vehicle detection signaling according to a moving rate to generate a plurality of groups, wherein the plurality of groups The groups include a first group corresponding to the fastest vehicle speed and a second group corresponding to the largest number of vehicles.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的估計模組響應於信令流量小於或等於第二門檻值而產生指示高架路段的交通狀況對應於第二速率的估計結果，其中第二速率等於最快載具速率。In an embodiment of the present invention, in response to the signaling flow being less than or equal to the second threshold value, the above estimation module generates an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to a second speed, wherein the second speed is equal to the fastest vehicle speed.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的估計模組響應於信令流量大於第二門檻值而產生指示高架路段的交通狀況對應於第三速率的估計結果，其中第三速率等於第二群組的平均速率。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above estimation module generates an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to a third rate in response to the signaling flow being greater than the second threshold, wherein the third rate is equal to the second group average speed.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的多個載具偵測指令分別對應於多個電信用戶，其中運算模組根據下列的參數計算第一門檻值：高架路段的車道數量、高架路段的長度、單位時段內的載具移動距離、多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍、載具長度、載具間距離以及電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned multiple vehicle detection instructions correspond to multiple telecommunication users respectively, wherein the computing module calculates the first threshold value according to the following parameters: the number of lanes of the elevated road section, the length of the elevated road section , the moving distance of the vehicle in a unit period, the error range of multiple vehicle detection commands, the length of the vehicle, the distance between vehicles, and the proportion of telecommunications users in the total telecommunications service population.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的運算模組根據載具偵測指令的信令移動距離決定載具移動距離。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned computing module determines the movement distance of the vehicle according to the movement distance signaled by the vehicle detection command.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的多個載具偵測信令對應於基於基地台的載具偵測信令。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned plurality of carrier detection signaling correspond to base station-based carrier detection signaling.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的高架路段的兩端分別往第一方向以及第二方向延伸，其中多個載具偵測信令往第一方向移動。In an embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the above-mentioned elevated road section extend in a first direction and a second direction respectively, wherein a plurality of vehicle detection signals move in the first direction.

本發明的一種估計高架路段的交通狀況的方法，包含：接收對應於高架路段的多個載具偵測信令；根據多個載具偵測信令計算信令流量；響應於信令流量小於或等於第一門檻值而產生指示高架路段的交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果；以及輸出估計結果。A method for estimating the traffic condition of an elevated road section of the present invention includes: receiving multiple vehicle detection signaling corresponding to the elevated road segment; calculating signaling flow according to the multiple vehicle detection signaling; in response to the signaling flow being less than or equal to the first threshold value, generating an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to the first speed; and outputting the estimation result.

基於上述，本發明的系統可降低在高架道路和平面道路平行的情況下誤判高架道路或平面道路之交通狀況的情形，並可進一步提升高架道路之路況判斷的精準度。公部門可依據本發明的系統的輸出來掌握高架道路的路況，進而在相對容易壅塞的路段及時段採取可有效的交通控制策略。Based on the above, the system of the present invention can reduce the misjudgment of the traffic condition of the elevated road or the level road when the elevated road and the flat road are parallel, and can further improve the accuracy of the determination of the road condition of the elevated road. The public sector can grasp the road conditions of the elevated road according to the output of the system of the present invention, and then adopt an effective traffic control strategy in the road sections and time periods that are relatively easy to be congested.

為了使本發明之內容可以被更容易明瞭，以下特舉實施例作為本發明確實能夠據以實施的範例。另外，凡可能之處，在圖式及實施方式中使用相同標號的元件/構件/步驟，係代表相同或類似部件。In order to make the content of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are given as examples according to which the present invention can indeed be implemented. Additionally, where possible, elements/components/steps using the same reference numerals in the drawings and embodiments represent the same or similar parts.

圖1根據本發明的一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路的交通狀況的系統100的示意圖。系統100可包含處理器110、儲存媒體120以及收發器130。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 for estimating the traffic condition of an elevated road according to an embodiment of the present invention. System 100 may include processor 110 , storage medium 120 , and transceiver 130 .

處理器110例如是中央處理單元（central processing unit，CPU），或是其他可程式化之一般用途或特殊用途的微控制單元（micro control unit，MCU）、微處理器（microprocessor）、數位信號處理器（digital signal processor，DSP）、可程式化控制器、特殊應用積體電路（application specific integrated circuit，ASIC）、圖形處理器（graphics processing unit，GPU）、影像訊號處理器（image signal processor，ISP）、影像處理單元（image processing unit，IPU）、算數邏輯單元（arithmetic logic unit，ALU）、複雜可程式邏輯裝置（complex programmable logic device，CPLD）、現場可程式化邏輯閘陣列（field programmable gate array，FPGA）或其他類似元件或上述元件的組合。處理器110可耦接至儲存媒體120以及收發器130，並且存取和執行儲存於儲存媒體120中的多個模組和各種應用程式。The processor 110 is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), or other programmable general-purpose or special-purpose micro control unit (micro control unit, MCU), microprocessor (microprocessor), digital signal processing digital signal processor (DSP), programmable controller, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP) ), image processing unit (IPU), arithmetic logic unit (ALU), complex programmable logic device (CPLD), field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array) , FPGA) or other similar elements or a combination of the above. The processor 110 may be coupled to the storage medium 120 and the transceiver 130 , and access and execute a plurality of modules and various application programs stored in the storage medium 120 .

儲存媒體120例如是任何型態的固定式或可移動式的隨機存取記憶體（random access memory，RAM）、唯讀記憶體（read-only memory，ROM）、快閃記憶體（flash memory）、硬碟（hard disk drive，HDD）、固態硬碟（solid state drive，SSD）或類似元件或上述元件的組合，而用於儲存可由處理器110執行的多個模組或各種應用程式。在本實施例中，儲存媒體120可儲存包含資料收集模組121、運算模組122、估計模組123以及輸出模組124等多個模組，其功能將於後續說明。The storage medium 120 is, for example, any type of fixed or removable random access memory (random access memory, RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and flash memory (flash memory). , a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), or similar components or a combination of the above components for storing a plurality of modules or various application programs executable by the processor 110 . In this embodiment, the storage medium 120 can store a plurality of modules including a data collection module 121 , an operation module 122 , an estimation module 123 , and an output module 124 , the functions of which will be described later.

收發器130以無線或有線的方式傳送及接收訊號。收發器130還可以執行例如低噪聲放大、阻抗匹配、混頻、向上或向下頻率轉換、濾波、放大以及類似的操作。The transceiver 130 transmits and receives signals in a wireless or wired manner. Transceiver 130 may also perform operations such as low noise amplification, impedance matching, frequency mixing, up or down frequency conversion, filtering, amplification, and the like.

資料收集模組121可通過收發器130接收對應於高架路段的多個載具偵測指令，其中載具偵測指令例如是基於基地台的載具偵測（CVP）信令。圖2根據本發明的一實施例繪示高架道路200的示意圖。高架道路200的兩端可分別往第一方向D1和第二方向D2延伸。高架道路200可包含對應於第一方向D1的高架路段210、高架路段230以及高架路段250。高架路段還可包含對應於第二方向D2的高架路段220、高架路段240以及高架路段260。往第一方向D1移動的高架路段與往第二方向移動的高架路段可由雙黃線30區隔。資料收集模組121可將收集到的載具偵測指令分為往第一方向D1移動的載具偵測指令以及往第二方向D2移動的載具偵測指令。在本實施例中，假設資料收集模組121收集到的多個載具偵測指令第一方向D1移動。The data collection module 121 can receive a plurality of vehicle detection commands corresponding to the elevated road section through the transceiver 130 , wherein the vehicle detection commands are, for example, based on base station vehicle detection (CVP) signaling. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an elevated road 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Both ends of the elevated road 200 may extend toward the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 respectively. The elevated road 200 may include an elevated road segment 210, an elevated road segment 230, and an elevated road segment 250 corresponding to the first direction D1. The elevated road segment may further include an elevated road segment 220, an elevated road segment 240, and an elevated road segment 260 corresponding to the second direction D2. The elevated road section moving in the first direction D1 and the elevated road section moving in the second direction may be separated by double yellow lines 30 . The data collection module 121 can divide the collected vehicle detection instructions into a vehicle detection instruction for moving in the first direction D1 and a vehicle detection instruction for moving in the second direction D2. In this embodiment, it is assumed that a plurality of vehicle detection commands collected by the data collection module 121 instruct to move in the first direction D1.

圖3根據本發明的一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路210的交通狀況的方法的流程圖，其中所述方法可由如圖1所示的系統100實施。FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a method for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method may be implemented by the system 100 shown in FIG. 1 .

在步驟S301中，資料收集模組121可通過收發器130接收對應於高架路段210的多個載具偵測指令，其中所述多個載具偵測指令可分別對應於多個電信用戶。舉例來說，載具偵測指令可來自於高架路段210上之載具的駕駛者的手機。舉例來說，資料收集模組121可收集對應於高架路段210在06:55至07:00期間的多個載具偵測指令。In step S301, the data collection module 121 may receive a plurality of vehicle detection commands corresponding to the elevated road section 210 through the transceiver 130, wherein the plurality of vehicle detection commands may respectively correspond to a plurality of telecommunications users. For example, the vehicle detection command may come from the cell phone of the driver of the vehicle on the elevated road section 210 . For example, the data collection module 121 may collect a plurality of vehicle detection commands corresponding to the elevated road section 210 during the period from 06:55 to 07:00.

在步驟S302中，運算模組122可根據多個載具偵測指令計算信令流量。具體來說，運算模組122可統計單位時間內經過高架路段210之載具偵測指令的數量，從而根據所述數量計算單位時間內的信令流量。舉例來說，運算模組122可統計對應於高架路段210在06:55至07:00期間的多個載具偵測指令的數量N（N為正整數）。以下假設單位時間為5分鐘，因此，運算模組122可計算出單位時間內的信令流量為N。值得注意的是，單位時間的大小可由使用者依據需求而調整，本發明不限於此。In step S302, the computing module 122 may calculate the signaling traffic according to the plurality of vehicle detection commands. Specifically, the computing module 122 can count the number of vehicle detection commands passing through the elevated road section 210 in a unit time, so as to calculate the signaling traffic in a unit time according to the number. For example, the computing module 122 can count the number N (N is a positive integer) of a plurality of vehicle detection commands corresponding to the elevated road section 210 during the period from 06:55 to 07:00. In the following, it is assumed that the unit time is 5 minutes. Therefore, the computing module 122 can calculate the signaling traffic in the unit time as N. It should be noted that the size of the unit time can be adjusted by the user according to the needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

在步驟S303中，估計模組123可判斷信令流量（例如：N）是否大於第一門檻值。若信令流量大於第一門檻值，則進入步驟S305。若信令流量小於或等於第一門檻值，則進入步驟S304。In step S303, the estimation module 123 may determine whether the signaling traffic (eg, N) is greater than the first threshold value. If the signaling traffic is greater than the first threshold value, go to step S305. If the signaling traffic is less than or equal to the first threshold value, go to step S304.

第一門檻值可用於區分高架路段210（或與高架路段210重疊的平面路段或地下路段）的道路狀況為順暢或壅塞。具體來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的車道數量、高架路段210的長度、路況為順暢時的單位時段內的載具移動距離、多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍、載具長度、路況為順暢時的載具間距離以及電信用戶（即：使用系統100所屬之電信公司提供的電信服務的用戶）佔總電信服務使用人口的比例等參數來計算對應於高架路段210的第一門檻值，如方程式（1）所示，其中T1為第一門檻值，A為高架路段的車道數量，B為高架路段的長度，C1為路況為順暢時的單位時段內的載具移動距離（或道路速限），D為多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍，E為電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例，F為載具長度，並且G1為路況為順暢時的載具間距離（或行車距離）。

Figure 02_image001
…(1) The first threshold value may be used to distinguish the road condition of the elevated road segment 210 (or the flat road segment or the underground road segment overlapping the elevated road segment 210 ) as smooth or congested. Specifically, the computing module 122 can determine the number of lanes of the elevated road section 210 , the length of the elevated road section 210 , the moving distance of the vehicle in a unit period when the road condition is smooth, the error range of the multiple vehicle detection instructions, the vehicle Parameters such as the length, the distance between vehicles when the road condition is smooth, and the ratio of telecommunication users (that is, users who use the telecommunication services provided by the telecommunication company to which the system 100 belongs) to the total population using telecommunication services are used to calculate the first section corresponding to the elevated road section 210 . A threshold value, as shown in equation (1), where T1 is the first threshold value, A is the number of lanes in the elevated road section, B is the length of the elevated road section, and C1 is the vehicle moving distance in a unit period when the road condition is smooth (or road speed limit), D is the error range of multiple vehicle detection commands, E is the ratio of telecom users to the total population using telecom services, F is the length of the vehicle, and G1 is the vehicle space when the road condition is smooth distance (or driving distance).
Figure 02_image001
…(1)

車道數量A可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據衛星影像以及影像辨識方法產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的衛星影像而將高架路段210的車道數量A設為2。The number of lanes A can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to satellite images and image recognition methods. For example, the computing module 122 may set the number A of lanes of the elevated road segment 210 to 2 according to the satellite image of the elevated road segment 210 .

高架路段的長度B可由此用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據衛星影像以及影像辨識方法產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的衛星影像而將高架路段210的長度B設為500公尺。The length B of the elevated road section can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to satellite images and an image recognition method. For example, the computing module 122 can set the length B of the elevated road segment 210 to 500 meters according to the satellite image of the elevated road segment 210 .

在一實施例中，路況為順暢時的單位時段（即：5分鐘）內的載具移動距離C1可由運算模組122根據高架道路的道路速限而產生。舉例來說，假設高架路段的道路速限為80公里/小時（即：80000公尺/小時），則運算模組122可將單位時間的載具移動距離C1設為6667公尺（80000/12約等於6667）。In one embodiment, the moving distance C1 of the vehicle within a unit period (ie, 5 minutes) when the road condition is smooth can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the road speed limit of the elevated road. For example, assuming that the road speed limit of the elevated road section is 80 km/h (ie: 80000 m/h), the computing module 122 can set the vehicle moving distance C1 per unit time as 6667 m (80000/12 approximately equal to 6667).

在一實施例中，路況為順暢時的單位時段內的載具移動距離C1可由運算模組122根據載具偵測指令（例如：歷史資料中的載具偵測指令）的信令移動距離來決定。舉例來說，若資料收集模組121曾在路況為順暢的情況下於單位時段（5分鐘）內收集到一個移動了6667公尺的載具偵測指令，則運算模組122可將路況為順暢時的單位時段（即：5分鐘）內的載具移動距離C1設為6667公尺。In one embodiment, the moving distance C1 of the vehicle in a unit period when the road condition is smooth can be determined by the computing module 122 according to the signaled moving distance of the vehicle detection command (for example, the vehicle detection command in the historical data). Decide. For example, if the data collection module 121 has collected a vehicle detection command that has moved 6,667 meters within a unit period (5 minutes) when the road conditions are smooth, the computing module 122 can calculate the road conditions as: The moving distance C1 of the vehicle in a unit period (ie: 5 minutes) when it is smooth is set to 6667 meters.

多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍D可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據電信商提供的資訊而產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而將誤差範圍D設為100公尺。The error range D of the plurality of vehicle detection commands can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the information provided by the telecommunication company. For example, the computing module 122 can set the error range D as 100 meters according to the information provided by the telecommunication company.

電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例E可由運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而產生。舉例來說，若電信用提供的資訊指示約有總電信服務使用人口中的3成人口使用系統100所屬之電信公司提供的電信服務（即：攜帶可發送載具偵測指令之手機），則運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而將電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例E設為0.3。The ratio E of telecommunication users to the total telecommunication service user population can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the information provided by the telecommunication company. For example, if the information provided by telecommunications users indicates that about 30% of the total telecommunications service users use telecommunications services provided by the telecommunications company to which the system 100 belongs (ie, carry a mobile phone that can send vehicle detection commands), then The computing module 122 can set the ratio E of telecommunication users to the total telecommunication service user population to 0.3 according to the information provided by the telecommunication provider.

載具長度F以及路況為順暢時的載具間距離G1的加總可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義。舉例來說，假設高架道路210的道路速限為80公里/小時。參考內政部之法規，載具間至少須保持40公尺（80*0.5=40）的安全跟車距離。考量路況為順暢時載具長度加上載具間距離應拉長至安全跟車距離的兩倍，使用者可定義載具長度F與載具間距離G1的加總為80公尺（80*0.5*2=80）。The sum of the vehicle length F and the inter-vehicle distance G1 when the road conditions are smooth can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions. For example, assume that the road speed limit for the elevated road 210 is 80 km/h. Referring to the regulations of the Ministry of the Interior, vehicles must maintain a safe following distance of at least 40 meters (80*0.5=40). Considering that the road conditions are smooth, the length of the vehicle plus the distance between the vehicles should be extended to twice the safe following distance. The user can define the sum of the vehicle length F and the distance G1 between the vehicles as 80 meters (80*0.5 *2=80).

基於上述的範例，運算模組122可根據方程式（2）計算出對應於高架道路210的第一門檻值T1為54.5。也就是說，若信令流量N大於54.5，則進入步驟S305。若信令流量N小於或等於54.5，則進入步驟S304。考量到單位時間為5分鐘，數值「80000」需除以12。

Figure 02_image003
54.5      …(2) Based on the above example, the computing module 122 can calculate the first threshold value T1 corresponding to the elevated road 210 to be 54.5 according to equation (2). That is to say, if the signaling flow N is greater than 54.5, step S305 is entered. If the signaling flow N is less than or equal to 54.5, go to step S304. Considering that the unit time is 5 minutes, the value "80000" needs to be divided by 12.
Figure 02_image003
54.5 …(2)

在步驟S304中，估計模組123可產生指示高架路段210的交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果，其中第一速率代表道路狀況順暢時的行車速率。輸出模組124可通過收發器130輸出所述估計結果以供使用者（例如：負責交通控制的公部門）參考。In step S304 , the estimation module 123 may generate an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section 210 corresponds to a first rate, where the first rate represents the driving rate when the road condition is smooth. The output module 124 can output the estimation result through the transceiver 130 for reference by a user (eg, a public department responsible for traffic control).

在步驟S305中，估計模組123可根據移動速度對多個載具偵測指令進行分群以產生多個群組，其中所述多個群組包括對應於最快載具速率的第一群組以及對應於最大載具數量的第二群組。具體來說，估計模組123可基於分群演算法（例如：K-平均演算法）而根據每一個載具偵測指令的移動速率來為載具偵測指令進行分群以產生多個群組。若第一群組中的載具偵測指令的平均移動速率大於其他群組中的載具偵測指令的平均移動速率，則估計模組123可將第一群組設為對應於最快載具速率，並可將最快載具速率設為第一群組中的載具偵測指令的平均速率。另一方面，若第二群組中的載具偵測指令的數量大於其他群組中的載具偵測指令的數量，則估計模組123可將第二群組設為對應於最大載具數量。In step S305, the estimation module 123 may group the plurality of vehicle detection commands according to the moving speed to generate a plurality of groups, wherein the plurality of groups include a first group corresponding to the fastest vehicle speed and a second group corresponding to the maximum number of vehicles. Specifically, the estimation module 123 may group the vehicle detection commands according to the movement rate of each vehicle detection command based on a grouping algorithm (eg, a K-average algorithm) to generate a plurality of groups. If the average movement speed of the vehicle detection commands in the first group is greater than the average movement speed of the vehicle detection commands in other groups, the estimation module 123 may set the first group to correspond to the fastest load The speed of the vehicle can be set, and the fastest vehicle speed can be set as the average speed of the vehicle detection commands in the first group. On the other hand, if the number of vehicle detection commands in the second group is greater than the number of vehicle detection commands in other groups, the estimation module 123 may set the second group to correspond to the largest vehicle quantity.

在步驟S306中，估計模組123可判斷信令流量（例如：N）是否大於第二門檻值。若信令流量大於第二門檻值，則進入步驟S308。若信令流量小於或等於第二門檻值，則進入步驟S307。In step S306, the estimation module 123 may determine whether the signaling traffic (eg, N) is greater than the second threshold. If the signaling traffic is greater than the second threshold value, go to step S308. If the signaling flow is less than or equal to the second threshold value, go to step S307.

第二門檻值可用於區分壅塞的路段是否為高架路段210（或與高架路段210重疊的平面路段或地下路段）。具體來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的車道數量、高架路段210的長度、路況為壅塞時的單位時段內的載具移動距離、多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍、載具長度、路況為壅塞時的載具間距離以及電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例等參數來計算對應於高架路段210的第二門檻值，如方程式（3）所示，其中T2為第二門檻值，A為高架路段的車道數量，B為高架路段的長度，C2為路況為壅塞時的單位時段內的載具移動距離（或道路速限），D為多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍，E為電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例，F為載具長度，並且G2為路況為壅塞時的載具間距離（或行車距離）。

Figure 02_image005
…(3) The second threshold value can be used to distinguish whether the congested road segment is the elevated road segment 210 (or a flat road segment or an underground road segment overlapping with the elevated road segment 210 ). Specifically, the computing module 122 can determine the number of lanes of the elevated road section 210 , the length of the elevated road section 210 , the moving distance of the vehicle in a unit period when the road condition is congested, the error range of the multiple vehicle detection instructions, the vehicle The second threshold value corresponding to the elevated road section 210 is calculated by parameters such as the length, the distance between vehicles when the road condition is congested, and the ratio of telecom users to the total population using telecom services, as shown in equation (3), where T2 is the second threshold value. Threshold value, A is the number of lanes in the elevated road section, B is the length of the elevated road section, C2 is the vehicle moving distance (or road speed limit) in a unit period when the road condition is congested, D is the number of vehicle detection commands Error range, E is the ratio of telecom users to the total population of telecom service users, F is the length of the vehicle, and G2 is the distance between vehicles (or driving distance) when the road condition is congested.
Figure 02_image005
…(3)

車道數量A可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據衛星影像以及影像辨識方法產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的衛星影像而將高架路段210的車道數量A設為2。The number of lanes A can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to satellite images and image recognition methods. For example, the computing module 122 may set the number A of lanes of the elevated road segment 210 to 2 according to the satellite image of the elevated road segment 210 .

高架路段的長度B可由此用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據衛星影像以及影像辨識方法產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據高架路段210的衛星影像而將高架路段210的長度B設為500公尺。The length B of the elevated road section can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to satellite images and an image recognition method. For example, the computing module 122 can set the length B of the elevated road segment 210 to 500 meters according to the satellite image of the elevated road segment 210 .

在一實施例中，路況為壅塞時的單位時段（即：5分鐘）內的載具移動距離C2可由運算模組122根據高架道路的道路速限而產生。舉例來說，假設高架路段的道路速限為80公里/小時（即：80000公尺/小時），則運算模組122可將壅塞時的車速設為道路速限的一半，也就是將載具移動距離C2設定為3334公尺（40000/12約等於3334）。In one embodiment, the moving distance C2 of the vehicle within a unit period (ie, 5 minutes) when the road condition is congested can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the road speed limit of the elevated road. For example, assuming that the road speed limit of the elevated road section is 80 km/h (ie: 80,000 m/h), the computing module 122 can set the vehicle speed during congestion as half of the road speed limit, that is, the vehicle The moving distance C2 is set to 3334 meters (40000/12 is approximately equal to 3334).

在一實施例中，路況為壅塞時的單位時段內的載具移動距離C2可由運算模組122根據載具偵測指令（例如：歷史資料中的載具偵測指令）的信令移動距離來決定。舉例來說，若資料收集模組121曾在路況為壅塞的情況下於單位時段（5分鐘）內收集到一個移動了3334公尺的載具偵測指令，則運算模組122可將路況為壅塞時的單位時段（即：5分鐘）內的載具移動距離C2設為3334公尺。In one embodiment, the moving distance C2 of the vehicle in a unit period when the road condition is congested can be determined by the computing module 122 according to the signal moving distance of the vehicle detection command (for example, the vehicle detection command in the historical data). Decide. For example, if the data collection module 121 has collected a vehicle detection command that has moved 3334 meters within a unit period (5 minutes) when the road conditions are congested, the computing module 122 can calculate the road conditions as: The vehicle movement distance C2 in the unit time period (ie: 5 minutes) during congestion is set to 3334 meters.

多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍D可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義，或可由運算模組122根據電信商提供的資訊而產生。舉例來說，運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而將誤差範圍D設為100公尺。The error range D of the plurality of vehicle detection commands can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions, or can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the information provided by the telecommunication company. For example, the computing module 122 can set the error range D as 100 meters according to the information provided by the telecommunication company.

電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例E可由運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而產生。舉例來說，若電信用提供的資訊指示約有總電信服務使用人口的3成人口使用系統100所屬之電信公司提供的電信服務（即：攜帶可發送載具偵測指令之手機），則運算模組122可根據電信商提供的資訊而將電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例E設為0.3。The ratio E of telecommunication users to the total telecommunication service user population can be generated by the computing module 122 according to the information provided by the telecommunication company. For example, if the information provided by the telecommunications user indicates that about 30% of the total telecommunications service users use telecommunications services provided by the telecommunications company to which the system 100 belongs (ie, carry a mobile phone that can send vehicle detection commands), then the calculation The module 122 can set the ratio E of telecommunication users to the total telecommunication service user population to 0.3 according to the information provided by the telecommunication provider.

載具長度F以及路況為壅塞時的載具間距離G2的加總可由使用者根據實際道路狀況自定義。舉例來說，假設高架道路210的道路速限為80公里/小時，運算模組122將壅塞時的車速設為道路速限的一半，參考內政部之法規，載具間至少須保持20公尺（40*0.5=20）的安全跟車距離。考量路況為壅塞時載具長度加上載具間距離可假設為安全跟車距離，使用者可定義載具長度F與載具間距離G2的加總為20公尺（40*0.5=0）。The sum of the vehicle length F and the inter-vehicle distance G2 when the road conditions are congested can be customized by the user according to the actual road conditions. For example, assuming that the road speed limit of the elevated road 210 is 80 km/h, the computing module 122 sets the vehicle speed during congestion as half of the road speed limit. Referring to the regulations of the Ministry of the Interior, the distance between vehicles must be at least 20 meters. (40*0.5=20) safe following distance. Considering that the road conditions are congested, the vehicle length plus the distance between vehicles can be assumed to be the safe following distance. The user can define the sum of the vehicle length F and the distance G2 between vehicles as 20 meters (40*0.5=0).

基於上述的範例，運算模組122可根據方程式（4）計算出對應於高架道路210的第二門檻值T2為118。也就是說，若信令流量N大於118，則進入步驟S308。若信令流量N小於或等於118，則進入步驟S307。考量到單位時間為5分鐘，數值「40000」需除以12。

Figure 02_image007
118       …(4) Based on the above example, the computing module 122 can calculate the second threshold value T2 corresponding to the elevated road 210 to be 118 according to equation (4). That is, if the signaling flow N is greater than 118, step S308 is entered. If the signaling flow N is less than or equal to 118, go to step S307. Considering that the unit time is 5 minutes, the value "40000" needs to be divided by 12.
Figure 02_image007
118…(4)

在步驟S307中，估計模組123可產生指示高架路段210的交通狀況對應於第二速率的估計結果，其中所述第二速率對應於最快載具速率。輸出模組124可通過收發器130輸出所述估計結果以供使用者（例如：負責交通控制的公部門）參考。具體來說，假設高架路段的車流量遠大於平面路段或地下路段的車流量。若信令流量小於或等於第二門檻值，代表處於壅塞狀態的載具的數量較少。據此，估計模組123可判斷車多的路段應為與高架路段210重疊的平面路段或地下路段，而高架路段210本身並不壅塞。因此，估計模組123可判斷高架路段210上的載具的速率對應於最快載具速率。In step S307, the estimation module 123 may generate an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section 210 corresponds to the second speed, wherein the second speed corresponds to the fastest vehicle speed. The output module 124 can output the estimation result through the transceiver 130 for reference by a user (eg, a public department responsible for traffic control). Specifically, it is assumed that the traffic flow of an elevated road section is much larger than that of a flat road section or an underground road section. If the signaling traffic is less than or equal to the second threshold value, it means that the number of carriers in a congested state is small. Accordingly, the estimation module 123 can determine that the road section with many vehicles should be a plane road section or an underground road section overlapping with the elevated road section 210 , and the elevated road section 210 itself is not congested. Therefore, the estimation module 123 can determine that the speed of the vehicle on the elevated road section 210 corresponds to the fastest vehicle speed.

在步驟S308中，估計模組123可產生指示高架路段210的交通狀況對應於第三速率的估計結果，其中所述第三速率對應於第二群組的平均速率。輸出模組124可通過收發器130輸出所述估計結果以供使用者（例如：負責交通控制的公部門）參考。具體來說，假設高架路段的車流量遠大於平面路段或地下路段的車流量。若信令流量大於第二門檻值，代表處於壅塞狀態的載具的數量較多。據此，估計模組123可判斷壅塞的路段應為高架路段210本身。因此，估計模組123可根據高架路段210上的最大群組（即：第二群組）的平均速率來判斷高架路段210上的載具的速率。In step S308, the estimation module 123 may generate an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section 210 corresponds to a third rate, wherein the third rate corresponds to the average rate of the second group. The output module 124 can output the estimation result through the transceiver 130 for reference by a user (eg, a public department responsible for traffic control). Specifically, it is assumed that the traffic flow of an elevated road section is much larger than that of a flat road section or an underground road section. If the signaling traffic is greater than the second threshold, it means that there are a large number of carriers in a congested state. Accordingly, the estimation module 123 can determine that the congested road section should be the elevated road section 210 itself. Therefore, the estimation module 123 can determine the speed of the vehicles on the elevated road section 210 according to the average speed of the largest group (ie, the second group) on the elevated road section 210 .

圖4根據本發明的另一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路的交通狀況的方法的流程圖，其中所述方法可由如圖1所示的系統100實施。在步驟S401中，接收對應於高架路段的多個載具偵測信令。在步驟S402中，根據多個載具偵測信令計算信令流量。在步驟S403中，響應於信令流量小於或等於第一門檻值而產生指示高架路段的交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果。在步驟S404中，輸出估計結果。FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of a method for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method may be implemented by the system 100 shown in FIG. 1 . In step S401, a plurality of vehicle detection signaling corresponding to the elevated road section is received. In step S402, the signaling traffic is calculated according to the multiple carrier detection signaling. In step S403, in response to the signaling flow being less than or equal to the first threshold value, an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to the first rate is generated. In step S404, the estimation result is output.

綜上所述，本發明的系統可參考高架路段的基本資料（例如：車道數量、高架路段的長度或道路速限等）訂定順暢和壅塞路況下CVP信令之總量的門檻值，並搭配車速分群機制來推估高架路段的路況，藉此降低高架道路和平面道路平行狀況下將高架路段和平面路段的路況誤判之情形，進一步提升高架路段路況之判斷的精準度。公部門可依據本發明的系統之輸出掌握高架路段的路況，進而在相對壅塞的路段和時段採取更有效的交通控制策略，藉以改善道路壅塞情形並增加交通運輸量。To sum up, the system of the present invention can refer to the basic information of the elevated road section (for example, the number of lanes, the length of the elevated road section or the road speed limit, etc.) to determine the threshold value of the total amount of CVP signaling under smooth and congested road conditions, and Combined with the speed grouping mechanism to estimate the road conditions of the elevated road section, it can reduce the misjudgment of the road conditions of the elevated road section and the flat road section when the elevated road and the flat road are parallel, and further improve the accuracy of the judgment of the road condition of the elevated road section. The public sector can grasp the road conditions of the elevated road section according to the output of the system of the present invention, and then adopt more effective traffic control strategies in relatively congested road sections and time periods, thereby improving the road congestion situation and increasing the traffic volume.

100:系統100: System

110:處理器110: Processor

120:儲存媒體120: Storage Media

121:資料收集模組121: Data Collection Module

122:運算模組122: Operation module

123:估計模組123: Estimation Module

124:輸出模組124: output module

130:收發器130: Transceiver

200:高架道路200: Elevated Road

210、220、230、240、250、260:高架路段210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260: elevated road sections

30:雙黃線30: Double yellow line

D1:第一方向D1: first direction

D2:第二方向D2: Second direction

S301、S302、S303、S304、S305、S306、S307、S308、S401、S402、S403、S404:步驟S301, S302, S303, S304, S305, S306, S307, S308, S401, S402, S403, S404: Steps

圖1根據本發明的一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路的交通狀況的系統的示意圖。 圖2根據本發明的一實施例繪示高架道路的示意圖。 圖3根據本發明的一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路的交通狀況的方法的流程圖。 圖4根據本發明的另一實施例繪示一種用於估計高架道路的交通狀況的方法的流程圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an elevated road according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road according to another embodiment of the present invention.

S401、S402、S403、S404:步驟 S401, S402, S403, S404: steps

Claims (8)

一種用於估計高架路段的交通狀況的系統，包括：收發器；儲存媒體，儲存多個模組；以及處理器，耦接所述儲存媒體以及所述收發器，並且存取和執行所述多個模組，其中所述多個模組包括：資料收集模組，通過所述收發器接收對應於所述高架路段的多個載具偵測信令，其中所述多個載具偵測指令分別對應於多個電信用戶；運算模組，根據所述多個載具偵測信令計算信令流量；估計模組，響應於所述信令流量小於或等於第一門檻值而產生指示所述高架路段的所述交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果；以及輸出模組，通過所述收發器輸出所述估計結果，其中所述運算模組根據下列的參數計算所述第一門檻值：所述高架路段的車道數量、所述高架路段的長度、單位時段內的載具移動距離、所述多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍、載具長度、載具間距離以及電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例。 A system for estimating traffic conditions on an elevated road segment includes: a transceiver; a storage medium storing a plurality of modules; and a processor coupled to the storage medium and the transceiver, and accessing and executing the multiple modules a plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules include: a data collection module, receiving a plurality of vehicle detection signals corresponding to the elevated road section through the transceiver, wherein the plurality of vehicle detection commands Corresponding to a plurality of telecommunications users respectively; an arithmetic module, calculating signaling traffic according to the plurality of vehicle detection signaling; an estimation module, in response to the signaling traffic being less than or equal to a first threshold value and generating an indication of the The traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to the estimation result of the first speed; and an output module outputs the estimation result through the transceiver, wherein the operation module calculates the first threshold value according to the following parameters : the number of lanes of the elevated road section, the length of the elevated road section, the moving distance of the vehicle in a unit period, the error range of the plurality of vehicle detection instructions, the length of the vehicle, the distance between the vehicles, and the proportion of telecommunication users. Proportion of population using total telecommunications services. 如請求項1所述的系統，其中所述估計模組響應於所述信令流量大於所述第一門檻值而根據移動速率對所述多個載具偵測信令進行分群以產生多個群組，其中所述多個群組包括對應於最快載具速率的第一群組以及對應 於最大載具數量的第二群組。 The system of claim 1, wherein the estimation module groups the plurality of vehicle detection signaling according to movement rate to generate a plurality of group, wherein the plurality of groups includes a first group corresponding to the fastest vehicle speed and a corresponding in the second group with the maximum number of vehicles. 如請求項2所述的系統，其中所述估計模組響應於所述信令流量小於或等於第二門檻值而產生指示所述高架路段的所述交通狀況對應於第二速率的所述估計結果，其中所述第二速率等於所述最快載具速率。 The system of claim 2, wherein the estimation module generates the estimate indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road segment corresponds to a second rate in response to the signaling flow being less than or equal to a second threshold As a result, wherein the second rate is equal to the fastest vehicle rate. 如請求項3所述的系統，其中所述估計模組響應於所述信令流量大於所述第二門檻值而產生指示所述高架路段的所述交通狀況對應於第三速率的所述估計結果，其中所述第三速率等於所述第二群組的平均速率。 The system of claim 3, wherein the estimation module generates the estimation indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road segment corresponds to a third rate in response to the signaling flow being greater than the second threshold As a result, wherein the third rate is equal to the average rate of the second group. 如請求項1所述的系統，其中所述運算模組根據載具偵測指令的信令移動距離決定所述載具移動距離。 The system of claim 1, wherein the computing module determines the movement distance of the vehicle according to the movement distance signaled by the vehicle detection command. 如請求項1所述的系統，其中所述多個載具偵測信令對應於基於基地台的載具偵測信令。 The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of vehicle detection signaling correspond to base station-based vehicle detection signaling. 如請求項1所述的系統，其中所述高架路段的兩端分別往第一方向以及第二方向延伸，其中所述多個載具偵測信令往所述第一方向移動。 The system of claim 1, wherein two ends of the elevated road section extend toward a first direction and a second direction, respectively, wherein the plurality of vehicle detection signals move toward the first direction. 一種估計高架路段的交通狀況的方法，包括：接收對應於所述高架路段的多個載具偵測信令，其中所述多個載具偵測指令分別對應於多個電信用戶；根據所述多個載具偵測信令計算信令流量；根據下列的參數計算第一門檻值：所述高架路段的車道數量、 所述高架路段的長度、單位時段內的載具移動距離、所述多個載具偵測指令的誤差範圍、載具長度、載具間距離以及電信用戶佔總電信服務使用人口的比例；響應於所述信令流量小於或等於所述第一門檻值而產生指示所述高架路段的所述交通狀況對應於第一速率的估計結果；以及輸出所述估計結果。 A method for estimating traffic conditions of an elevated road section, comprising: receiving a plurality of vehicle detection signals corresponding to the elevated road section, wherein the plurality of vehicle detection instructions respectively correspond to a plurality of telecommunication users; according to the Multiple vehicle detection signaling calculates signaling traffic; calculates the first threshold value according to the following parameters: the number of lanes of the elevated road section, The length of the elevated road section, the moving distance of the vehicle within a unit period, the error range of the plurality of vehicle detection instructions, the length of the vehicle, the distance between the vehicles, and the proportion of telecommunications users in the total population using telecommunications services; response generating an estimation result indicating that the traffic condition of the elevated road section corresponds to a first rate when the signaling flow rate is less than or equal to the first threshold; and outputting the estimation result.
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