TWI769047B - 微生物污水處理之方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明係有關一種微生物污水處理之方法,其係包含前置步驟及處理步驟,前置步驟係先藉菌種培養步驟以形成馴養液,處理步驟依序包含固液分離步驟、添加第一次馴養液步驟、殺菌氧化步驟、添加第二次馴養液步驟以及過濾步驟,藉此,透過預先培養特定菌種以形成馴養液,並將馴養液添加於已去除水中浮渣之污水後靜置,使個別菌種依其功能性分解污水中之污染物,且經殺菌除臭過濾後,迅速將污水處理為符合標準之放流水。
Description
本發明係有關一種污水處理之方法,尤指透過培養微生物以形成馴養液,並將馴養液添加於污水中進而分解污水中雜質,使污水能符合放流水標準之方法者。
按,污水種類一般可分為家庭污水、工業污水及農牧業污水。家庭污水通常包含日常生活之洗衣、衛浴及廚房…等家庭廢水;工業污水則包含造紙、化工、食品…等行業於製造過程中所產生之廢水,且工業污水可能包含具毐性之化學物質;農牧業污水則包含灌溉廢水、禽畜糞便…等廢水,其污水中可能包含化學肥料、農藥…等物質,是以,不論是家庭污水、工業污水或農牧業污水,若未經妥善處理即直接排放至河川,則會污染水源、破壞生態,甚至造成不可逆之環境危害,因此,污水放流前是否經過妥善處理至關重要。
而污水處理程序通常需經過前處理、生物處理及三級處理程序,前處理程序係先去除大型污染物,並經沉砂、測流量後進入生物處理程序,以透過生物反應池、生物沉澱池來去除水中污染物,最後進入三級處理程序,藉化學藥劑去水中懸浮物,並經過濾、殺菌後成為可供排放之放流水。
相關之先前技術,請參閱中華民國公告第I240703號專利,係揭露一種「微生物污水處理法」,其係於廢水固液分離後,注入污水之嫌氣槽或厭氣槽中進行發酵,再送入曝氣槽或喜氣槽中進行分解,且依污水不同之成份於嫌氣槽或曝氣槽中投入經培養之特定混合微生物製劑,以藉微生物製劑將污染物迅速分解,再經過沉澱後,成為可供放流之淨水。
有鑑於未經處理之污水若直接排放至河川,則會污染水源、破壞生態,甚至造成不可逆之環境危害等缺失。
是以,本發明之目的係透過培養微生物以形成馴養液,並將馴養液添加於污水中,進而達成分解污水中雜質,使污水能符合放流水標準之目的。
為達前述目的,本發明提供一種微生物污水處理之方法,其步驟包含前置步驟及處理步驟︰該前置步驟包含︰菌種培養步驟,該步驟係以清水、包含馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌(Streptomyces turgidiscabies)、乾酪乳酸菌(Lactobacillus casei)、木質醋酸菌(Acetobacter xylinum)、釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)及雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)之菌種、砂糖、過磷酸鈣及部分原污水曝氣以形成馴養液;該處理步驟依序包含︰固液分離步驟,該步驟係將原污水中之浮渣分離以形成污水,並偵測污水中之氧氣值;添加第一次馴養液步驟,該步驟係於污水中之氧氣值最高時,添加馴養液後靜置,使污水形成淨化水;殺菌氧化步驟,該步驟係透過臭氧將淨化水殺菌除臭,且於淨化水殺菌除臭後,若不符合化學需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD)5000則返回固液分離步驟;添加第二次馴養液步驟,該步驟係於淨化水符合化學需氧量(COD)5000時,再次添加馴養液後靜置;以及過濾步驟,該步驟係將再次添加馴養液後靜置之淨化水經過濾系統濾淨,直至淨化水符合放流水標準。
基於上述,透過預先培養特定菌種以形成馴養液,並將馴養液添加於已去除水中浮渣之污水後靜置,使個別菌種依其功能性分解污水中之污染物,且經殺菌除臭過濾後,迅速將污水處理為符合標準之放流水。
為使達成本發明目的之技術內容能有更完整的揭露,茲於以下內容詳述之,並請一併參閱所揭之圖式及圖號︰
首先,請參閱第1~2圖所示,本發明之微生物污水處理方法,其步驟包含前置步驟(S1)及處理步驟(S2)。其中,前置步驟(S1)包含菌種培養步驟(S11),其係以清水進行第一次曝氣(S111),接著於曝氣後清水加入包含馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌(Streptomyces turgidiscabies)、乾酪乳酸菌(Lactobacillus casei)、木質醋酸菌(Acetobacter xylinum)、釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)及雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)之菌種,且其菌種添加比例為馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌︰乾酪乳酸菌︰木質醋酸菌︰釀酒酵母︰枯草桿菌︰雙歧桿菌= 7:3:7:7:3:3,再加入砂糖及過磷酸鈣進行第二次曝氣(S112),最後加入部分原污水進行第三次曝氣(S113),且上述原料比例為清水︰菌種︰砂糖︰過磷酸鈣︰部分原污水 = 500:1:1:2.5:100,並於完成曝氣後形成馴養液(S114)。
而處理步驟(S2)依序包含固液分離步驟(S21)、污泥處置步驟(S22)、添加第一次馴養液步驟(S23)、殺菌氧化步驟(S24)、添加第二次馴養液步驟(S25)以及過濾步驟(S26)。其中,固液分離步驟(S21)係將原污水中之浮渣分離以形成污水,且分離方式是透過奈米氣泡機以氣泡包覆水中懸浮物與微生物後形成便於刮除之浮渣,再利用刮渣機將浮渣去除,接著偵測去除浮渣後之污水中的氧氣值。而去除後之浮渣係於污泥處置步驟(S22),藉由污泥餅機製成污泥餅。
當固液分離步驟(S21)所偵測之污水氧氣值達最高值時,則將菌種培養步驟(S11)預先培養之馴養液添加入污水並靜置1小時(S23),且添加馴養液步驟(S23)係依據原污水之化學需氧量(COD)及懸浮固體(Suspended Solid, SS)數值評估馴養液之添加量,使馴養液中個別菌種依其功能性分解污水中的污染物,而令污水形成淨化水。
接著,淨化水係於殺菌氧化步驟(S24)透過臭氧進行殺菌、氧化、微聚凝化、脫色除臭及高級氧化,且殺菌氧化步驟(S24)係視淨化水之化學需氧量(COD)、懸浮固體(SS)數值及色澤評估所需時間。待淨化水殺菌除臭後,若不符合化學需氧量(COD)5000則返回固液分離步驟(S21),直至完成殺菌氧化步驟(S24)之淨化水符合化學需氧量(COD)5000。接著,於符合化學需氧量(COD)5000之淨化水,再次添加馴養液後靜置1小時(S25),最後將再次添加馴養液之淨化水經過濾系統濾淨(S26),直至淨化水符合化學需氧量(COD)100之放流水標準。
以下,係申請人採用本發明之方法處理原污水之流程與檢驗數據︰首先,係準備20公升之容器,並於容器內加入15公升清水後曝氣1小時,接著,加入30cc菌種(包含馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌7ml、乾酪乳酸菌3ml、木質醋酸菌7ml、釀酒酵母7ml、枯草桿菌3ml及雙歧桿菌3ml)、30g砂糖、75g過磷酸鈣後繼續曝氣1小時,最後加入3公升原污水(COD150000)再曝氣2小時,即形成可供處理一噸廢水之馴養液。接著,原污水(COD150000)在經過固液分離後,於液體污水偵測氧氣值,並於氧氣值位於最高值時依據原污水之化學需氧量(COD)及懸浮固體(SS)數值加入適量馴養液,再於靜置1小時後檢驗所形成之淨化水,此時檢驗結果為COD107855,接著淨化水再經過臭氧殺菌後檢驗所形成之淨化水,此時檢驗結果為COD74125,並未符合COD5000,故再次依淨化水之化學需氧量(COD)及懸浮固體(SS)數值加入適量馴養液靜置,完成後檢驗淨化水之檢驗結果為COD31251,仍未符合COD5000,故再次依淨化水之化學需氧量(COD)及懸浮固體(SS)數值加入適量馴養液靜置,接著淨化水再次經過臭氧殺菌其檢驗結果為COD1553.1,由檢驗數值可看出,本發明之方法確實能降低原污水之污染物,後續則能進行添加第二次馴養液及過濾步驟,直到淨化水檢驗數值符合(COD)100之放流水標準為止。
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例,並非用以限定本發明之實施範圍,凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之變化與修飾,皆為本發明專利範圍所涵蓋。
綜上所述,本發明確實已突破傳統並具有改良及創新之創作內容且能具體實施,理應符合發明專利之法定要件,爰依法提出專利申請,懇請 鈞局審查委員授予合法專利權,以勵創作,至感德便。
本發明︰
S1:前置步驟
S11:菌種培養步驟
S111~S114:菌種培養流程步驟
S2:處理步驟
S21:固液分離步驟
S22:污泥處置步驟
S23:添加第一次馴養液步驟
S24:殺菌氧化步驟
S25:添加第二次馴養液步驟
S26:過濾步驟
[第1圖]係本發明前置步驟之流程圖。
[第2圖]係本發明處理步驟之流程圖。
S1:前置步驟
S11:菌種培養步驟
S2:處理步驟
S21:固液分離步驟
S22:污泥處置步驟
S23:添加第一次馴養液步驟
S24:殺菌氧化步驟
S25:添加第二次馴養液步驟
S26:過濾步驟
Claims (8)
- 一種微生物污水處理之方法,其步驟包含前置步驟及處理步驟:該前置步驟包含:菌種培養步驟,該步驟係以清水、包含馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌(Streptomyces turgidiscabies)、乾酪乳酸菌(Lactobacillus casei)、木質醋酸菌(Acetobacter xylinum)、釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)及雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)之菌種、砂糖、過磷酸鈣及部分原污水曝氣以形成馴養液,且該清水:菌種:砂糖:過磷酸鈣:部分原污水=500:1:1:2.5:100,而該馬鈴薯瘡痂病菌:乾酪乳酸菌:木質醋酸菌:釀酒酵母:枯草桿菌:雙歧桿菌=7:3:7:7:3:3;該處理步驟依序包含:固液分離步驟,該步驟係將原污水中之浮渣分離以形成污水,並偵測該污水中之氧氣值;添加第一次馴養液步驟,該步驟係於該污水中之氧氣值最高時,添加該馴養液後靜置,使該污水形成淨化水;殺菌氧化步驟,該步驟係透過臭氧將該淨化水殺菌除臭,且於該淨化水殺菌除臭後,若不符合化學需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)5000則返回該固液分離步驟;添加第二次馴養液步驟,該步驟係於該淨化水符合化學需氧量(COD)5000時,再次添加該馴養液後靜置;以及 過濾步驟,該步驟係將再次添加該馴養液後靜置之該淨化水經過濾系統濾淨,直至該淨化水符合放流水標準。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該處理步驟更包含污泥處置步驟,其係將經過該固液分離步驟所產生之浮渣刮除,並藉污泥餅機製成污泥餅。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該菌種培養步驟係以該清水進行第一次曝氣,接著加入該菌種、該砂糖及該過磷酸鈣進行第二次曝氣,最後加入該部分原污水進行第三次曝氣,以形成該馴養液。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該固液分離步驟係透過奈米氣泡機以氣泡包覆水中懸浮物與微生物後形成便於刮除之浮渣。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該添加馴養液步驟係視該原污水之化學需氧量(COD)及懸浮固體(Suspended Solid,SS)數值評估該馴養液之添加量。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該添加馴養液步驟之靜置時間為1小時。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該殺菌氧化步驟係視該淨化水之化學需氧量(COD)、懸浮固體(SS)數值及色澤評估該殺菌氧化步驟所需時間。
- 如請求項1所述之微生物污水處理之方法,其中,該放流水標準為化學需氧量(COD)100。
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CN108439711A (zh) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | 一种工厂化海水养殖废水一体化处理净化***及方法 |
CN112939237A (zh) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州楠大环保科技有限公司 | 污染水体中cod降解用微生物的驯化方法 |
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TW201619372A (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-01 | 黃俊文 | 培養基的複製方法 |
CN107354193A (zh) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-17 | 黄俊文 | 培养基的复制方法 |
CN108439711A (zh) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | 一种工厂化海水养殖废水一体化处理净化***及方法 |
CN112939237A (zh) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州楠大环保科技有限公司 | 污染水体中cod降解用微生物的驯化方法 |
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