TWI767608B - A method for making food sludge waste into solid biomass fuel - Google Patents

A method for making food sludge waste into solid biomass fuel Download PDF

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TWI767608B
TWI767608B TW110109086A TW110109086A TWI767608B TW I767608 B TWI767608 B TW I767608B TW 110109086 A TW110109086 A TW 110109086A TW 110109086 A TW110109086 A TW 110109086A TW I767608 B TWI767608 B TW I767608B
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oxide
food sludge
microwave
biomass fuel
solid biomass
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TW202237808A (en
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翁敏航
蔡梓文
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蔡梓文
晨炭科技股份有限公司
翁敏航
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel, which includes the following steps: step (1) of the first microwave drying treatment: the food sludge is heated by a first microwave heating power to dry the food sludge at 80℃~200℃ to a moisture content of 30~50%; step (2) of the mixing and crushing treatment: mixing a solid agricultural waste into the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment and then crushing them; step (3) of the second microwave drying treatment: the mixed and crushed food sludge is heated by a second microwave heating power to dry the food sludge at 80℃~120℃ to a moisture content of 1~5 %; and step (4) of compression and granulation: the food sludge after the second microwave drying treatment is compressed to continuously form a plurality of granular solid biomass fuels. The method uses microwave treatment to rapidly form food sludge into solid biomass fuel. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and the produced solid biomass fuel can have extremely high calorific value.

Description

一種將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法 A method of making food sludge into solid biomass fuel

本發明係有關於一種將食品污泥處理方法，更特別係有關於一種藉由微波處理快速地將食品污泥製成具有高熱值固態生質燃料的方法。 The present invention relates to a method for treating food sludge, more particularly to a method for rapidly preparing food sludge into solid biomass fuel with high calorific value by microwave treatment.

食物是人類生存的必需品，為了生產食物，在整個食品處理的過程也產生了相當多的食品污泥。在家庭和餐飲業產生的食品粉碎的量龐大。國家每年使用很多預算費用來處理扔掉的食品垃圾。未經妥善處理之食品污泥，不僅造成蚊蠅滋生、疫病傳播，影響環境衛生，並造成防疫上的困擾。作為用於解決這種食品的現有處理方法，一直採用如下方式：將進行加工成肥料進行使用，或者使用家畜飼料的再利用方式；以及，將填埋到填埋地的填埋，或者在焚燒場進行焚燒的方式。 Food is a necessity for human survival. In order to produce food, a considerable amount of food sludge is also produced in the whole food processing process. The amount of food shredding produced in the home and restaurant industry is enormous. The state spends a lot of its budget each year on food waste that is thrown away. Food sludge that is not properly treated not only causes mosquitoes and flies to breed, spreads diseases, affects environmental sanitation, but also causes troubles in epidemic prevention. As the existing disposal methods for dealing with such foods, the following methods have been adopted: processing into fertilizers for use, or recycling methods using livestock feed; and landfilling in landfills, or incineration The way in which the field is incinerated.

習知食品污泥的堆肥掩埋，利用土壤中之微生物將食品污泥進行醱酵處理。然而堆肥掩埋過程處理時間長，有生物安全及污染土壤和地下水的疑慮。另一習知食品污泥為焚化方式，除產生臭味等空氣污染，甚至可能產生有害氣體，例如世紀之毒一戴奧辛等。由於其設施龐大，負擔重不易設置，且維護費用過大，不經濟，因此發生很多隨意排放的事例，導致嚴重的環境問題。食品污泥也含有大量的碳氫化合物，除去雜質後其實具有很高的燃燒熱值。因此，若將魚類、雞、鴨、鵝、豬、牛或羊等處理過程產生的食品污泥適當回收處理利用，製成生質能源使用，可以達到資源再生功能。 It is known that the compost of food sludge is buried, and the food sludge is fermented by microorganisms in the soil. However, the compost burial process takes a long time, and there are concerns about biosafety and contamination of soil and groundwater. Another well-known method of food sludge is incineration, in addition to producing odor and other air pollution, it may even produce harmful gases, such as dioxin, the poison of the century. Due to its huge facilities, heavy burden and difficult to install, and too high maintenance costs, it is not economical, so many cases of random discharge occur, causing serious environmental problems. Food sludge also contains a lot of hydrocarbons, which actually have a high calorific value after removing impurities. Therefore, if the food sludge generated during the processing of fish, chicken, duck, goose, pig, cattle or sheep is properly recycled and utilized to make biomass energy for use, the function of resource regeneration can be achieved.

有鑒於此，有必要提出一種快速且環保，並將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法。 In view of this, it is necessary to propose a fast and environmentally friendly method for turning food sludge into solid biomass fuel.

為解決上述問題，本發明的主要目的係提供一種將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，藉由微波處理快速地將食品污泥製成具有高熱值固態生質燃料。 In order to solve the above problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel, which can quickly make food sludge into solid biomass fuel with high calorific value by microwave treatment.

為達到本發明的目的，本發明提供一種將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其特徵在於包括如下步驟：步驟(1)，第一微波乾燥處理：將食品污泥使用一第一微波加熱功率，使該食品污泥在80℃~120℃乾燥到水分含量為30~50%；步驟(2)，混合粉碎處理：混合一固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥後並進行粉碎；步驟(3)，第二微波乾燥處理：將混合粉碎後的該食品污泥使用一第二微波加熱功率，在80℃~220℃乾燥到水分含量為1~5%；且步驟(4)，壓縮造粒：將該第二微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥進行壓縮後連續形成複數個顆粒狀的固態生質燃料。 In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (1), the first microwave drying treatment: using a first microwave drying process for the food sludge microwave heating power to dry the food sludge at 80 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ to a moisture content of 30 ~ 50%; step (2), mixing and pulverizing treatment: mixing a solid agricultural waste into the food after the first microwave drying treatment After the sludge is pulverized; step (3), the second microwave drying treatment: use a second microwave heating power to dry the mixed pulverized food sludge at 80 ° C ~ 220 ° C to a moisture content of 1 ~ 5% and step (4), compression and granulation: the food sludge after the second microwave drying treatment is compressed to continuously form a plurality of granular solid biomass fuels.

根據本發明之一特徵，在步驟(2)中混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物全部重量以100重量%，該固態農業廢棄物在混合物中佔20-30重量%。 According to one feature of the present invention, in step (2), the total weight of the mixture of the solid agricultural waste mixed with the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is 100% by weight, and the solid agricultural waste accounts for 20% of the mixture. -30% by weight.

根據本發明之一特徵，在步驟(2)中該固態農業廢棄物主要包含廢木材與禽畜***物，其中該固態農業廢棄物全部重量以100重量%，廢木材佔該固態農業廢棄物的30-90重量%。 According to one feature of the present invention, in step (2), the solid agricultural waste mainly includes waste wood and livestock excrement, wherein the total weight of the solid agricultural waste is 100% by weight, and the waste wood accounts for 100% of the solid agricultural waste. 30-90% by weight.

根據本發明之一特徵，在步驟(2)，混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物粉碎成1~8mm。 According to one feature of the present invention, in step (2), the mixture of the solid agricultural waste mixed with the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is pulverized into 1-8 mm.

根據本發明之一特徵，在步驟(4)，該第二微波加熱處理係在一少氧條件下加熱。 According to one feature of the present invention, in step (4), the second microwave heating treatment is heating under a low oxygen condition.

根據本發明之一特徵，步驟(1)更包含：加入一第一微波吸收物質，該微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第一微波吸收物質的加入量為該食品污泥的重量的3%以下。 According to one feature of the present invention, step (1) further comprises: adding a first microwave absorbing material, the microwave absorbing material is selected from carbonaceous material or metal oxide powder, and the added amount of the first microwave absorbing material is 3% or less of the weight of the food sludge.

根據本發明之一特徵，步驟(4)更包含：加入一第二微波吸收物質，該微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第二微波吸收物質的加入量為該將混合粉碎後的該食品污泥的重量百分比的3%至5%之間。 According to one feature of the present invention, step (4) further comprises: adding a second microwave absorbing material, the microwave absorbing material is selected from carbon-containing material or metal oxide powder, and the addition amount of the second microwave absorbing material is The weight percentage of the mixed and pulverized food sludge is between 3% and 5%.

根據本發明之一特徵，該含碳物質可選用碳黑、石磨、活性碳及碳纖維等，與其混合物。 According to one feature of the present invention, the carbonaceous material can be selected from carbon black, stone mill, activated carbon, carbon fiber, etc., and mixtures thereof.

根據本發明之一特徵，該金屬氧化物粉末可選用氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鍶、氧化鋇、氧化鋁、氧化矽、氧化鐵、氧化鋯、氧化釩、氧化鐵、氧化鈦、氧化錳、氧化鈷、氧化鎳、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸鍶、碳酸鋇、碳酸鋁等，具有高介電常數的氧化物或碳氧化物材料，與其混合物。 According to one feature of the present invention, the metal oxide powder can be selected from magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, vanadium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, Cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, etc., oxide or carbon oxide materials with high dielectric constant, and mixtures thereof.

本發明之食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法具有以下功效：1.可以使用少量的碳質農業廢棄物加入到食品污泥，轉換成高熱值的固態生質燃料；2.藉由微波加熱處理，可以使加入少量的碳質農業廢棄物的食品污泥快速乾燥並碳化，提高固態生質燃料的熱值；3.使用微波加熱處理的效率極高，固態生質燃料的生產效率佳；且4.使用微波加熱處理的耗能極低，整個過程較無煙霧與臭味等問題。 The method for making solid biomass fuel from food sludge of the present invention has the following effects: 1. A small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste can be added to the food sludge to convert it into solid biomass fuel with high calorific value; 2. By microwave Heating treatment can quickly dry and carbonize food sludge with a small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste added, and improve the calorific value of solid biomass fuel; 3. The efficiency of microwave heating treatment is extremely high, and the production efficiency of solid biomass fuel is good ; and 4. The energy consumption of microwave heating treatment is extremely low, and the whole process is relatively free of problems such as smoke and odor.

為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉數個較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。 In order to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, several preferred embodiments are hereinafter described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

圖1顯示本發明之一種食品污泥製成再生資材的方法的流程圖。 FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for producing a recycled material from food sludge according to the present invention.

雖然本發明可表現為不同形式之實施例，但附圖所示者及於本文中說明者係為本發明可之較佳實施例。熟習此項技術者將瞭解，本文所特定描述且在附圖中繪示之裝置及方法係考量為本發明之一範例，非限制性例示性實施例，且本發明之範疇僅由申請專利範圍加以界定。結合一例示性實施例繪示或描述之特徵可與其他實施例之諸特徵進行結合。此等修飾及變動將包括於本發明之範疇內。 While the present invention may be embodied in various forms of embodiment, those shown in the drawings and described herein are preferred embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are considered to be exemplary, non-limiting, exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims be defined. Features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary embodiment may be combined with features of other embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

現請參考圖1，其顯示本發明提供一種將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法。該食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其特徵在於包括如下步驟：步驟(1)，第一微波乾燥處理：將食品污泥使用一第一微波加熱功率，使該食品污泥在80℃~120℃乾燥到水分含量為30~50%；步驟(2)，混合粉碎處理：混合一固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥後並進行粉碎；步驟(3)，第二微波乾燥處理：將混合粉碎後的該食品污泥使用一第二微波加熱功率，在80℃~220℃乾燥到水分含量為1~5%；且步驟(4)，壓縮造粒：將該第二微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥進行壓縮後連續形成複數個顆粒狀的固態生質燃料。 Referring now to FIG. 1 , it is shown that the present invention provides a method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel. The method for preparing solid biomass fuel from food sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: step (1), first microwave drying treatment: using a first microwave heating power for the food sludge to make the food sludge at 80 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ drying to moisture content of 30 ~ 50%; step (2), mixing and pulverizing treatment: mixing a solid agricultural waste into the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment and pulverizing; step (3) , the second microwave drying treatment: use a second microwave heating power to dry the food sludge after mixing and pulverizing at 80 ℃ ~ 220 ℃ to a moisture content of 1 ~ 5%; and step (4), compression and granulation: The food sludge after the second microwave drying treatment is compressed to continuously form a plurality of granular solid biomass fuels.

食品污泥包含魚、雞、鴨、鵝、豬、牛或羊等動物性或豆類、葉菜等植物類所產生的各式廢棄物，包含污泥或污水。例如養殖魚、雞、鴨、鵝、豬、牛或羊時候的禽畜***物，飼料殘渣等，或是屠宰時魚、禽類羽毛、血水、下腳料、不可食用的部分等。未經處理的食品污泥其含水量可能高達100%。 Food sludge includes various wastes from animals such as fish, chickens, ducks, geese, pigs, cattle or sheep, or from plants such as beans and leafy vegetables, including sludge or sewage. For example, livestock excrement, feed residues, etc. when raising fish, chickens, ducks, geese, pigs, cattle or sheep, or fish, poultry feathers, blood, leftovers, and inedible parts during slaughtering. Untreated food sludge can have up to 100% moisture content.

在步驟(1)中，該第一微波加熱處理係將該食品污泥加熱至120-160℃之間。微波是一種電磁波，微波加熱乃利用輻射原理，透過介質 表面進入物質內部，介質將吸收之微波能轉換成熱量而達到加熱之目的。該食品污泥依不同反應物與欲取得之產物類型，調整加熱溫度，範圍控制在80℃~120℃之間，且持續加熱一段時間。所需要的微波功率與加熱腔體的容量以及所處理的食品污泥重量有關，在本發明中，為了達到有效的溫度範圍，該微波加熱處理的微波功率的範圍係：食品污泥重量在100公斤以下用2KW到3KW，食品污泥重量在100公斤至300公斤時用3KW到5KW，食品污泥重量在300公斤至1000公斤時用5KW到10KW。 In step (1), the first microwave heating treatment is to heat the food sludge to between 120-160°C. Microwave is an electromagnetic wave, and microwave heating uses the principle of radiation to pass through the medium. When the surface enters the material, the medium converts the absorbed microwave energy into heat to achieve the purpose of heating. The food sludge is heated according to different reactants and the type of products to be obtained, and the heating temperature is adjusted within the range of 80°C to 120°C, and the heating is continued for a period of time. The required microwave power is related to the capacity of the heating cavity and the weight of the food sludge to be processed. In the present invention, in order to achieve an effective temperature range, the range of microwave power for the microwave heating treatment is: the weight of the food sludge is 100 Use 2KW to 3KW for the weight of the following kilograms, 3KW to 5KW when the weight of food sludge is 100kg to 300kg, and 5KW to 10KW when the weight of food sludge is 300kg to 1000kg.

在步驟(2)中混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物全部重量以100重量%，該固態農業廢棄物在混合物中佔20-30重量%。 In step (2), the total weight of the mixture of the solid agricultural waste and the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is 100% by weight, and the solid agricultural waste accounts for 20-30% by weight in the mixture.

使用少量的碳質農業廢棄物加入到食品污泥，轉換成高熱值的固態生質燃料。在步驟(2)中該固態農業廢棄物主要包含廢木材與禽畜***物，其中該固態農業廢棄物全部重量以100重量%，廢木材佔該固態農業廢棄物的30-90重量%，較佳地，該廢木材佔該固態農業廢棄物的60-80重量%。混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物粉碎成1~8mm。 A small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste is added to food sludge and converted into solid biomass fuel with high calorific value. In step (2), the solid agricultural waste mainly includes waste wood and livestock excrement, wherein the total weight of the solid agricultural waste is 100% by weight, and the waste wood accounts for 30-90% by weight of the solid agricultural waste. Preferably, the waste wood accounts for 60-80% by weight of the solid agricultural waste. The mixture of the solid agricultural waste and the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is pulverized into 1-8 mm.

在步驟(3)中，該第二微波加熱處理係在一少氧條件下加熱至80℃~220℃之間。微波是一種電磁波，微波加熱乃利用輻射原理，透過介質表面進入物質內部，介質將吸收之微波能轉換成熱量而達到加熱之目的。該破碎處理後之食品污泥在高溫、少氧狀態開始進行反應，依不同反應物與欲取得之產物類型，調整加熱溫度，範圍控制在80℃~220℃之間，且持續加熱一段時間。較佳地，該第二微波加熱處理係在該少氧條件下加熱至160℃~220℃之間，可以使加入少量的碳質農業廢棄物的食品污泥快速乾燥。 In step (3), the second microwave heating treatment is heated to between 80°C and 220°C under a little oxygen condition. Microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave. Microwave heating uses the principle of radiation to penetrate the surface of the medium and enter the interior of the material, and the medium converts the absorbed microwave energy into heat to achieve the purpose of heating. The crushed food sludge starts to react in a high temperature and low oxygen state. The heating temperature is adjusted according to different reactants and the type of products to be obtained. Preferably, the second microwave heating treatment is heated to a temperature between 160°C and 220°C under the low oxygen condition, which can quickly dry the food sludge added with a small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste.

步驟(3)之該少氧條件下係選自使用限制進氣設計或通入惰性氣體之一，可以使加入少量的碳質農業廢棄物的食品污泥快速乾燥並碳化，高固態生質燃料的熱值。該少氧條件下係選自使用限制進氣設計或通入惰性氣體之一。熱裂解是一種將有機物質在高溫、無氧或少氧條件下，分解成生物碳、生物油和可燃氣的熱化學反應過程。該少氧條件係指加熱過程中，加熱腔體內的氧氣量少於一般空氣的氧氣量，該少氧條件是指該氧氣量為一般空氣氧氣量的三分之一以下，較佳地，該少氧條件是指該氧氣量為一般空氣氧氣量的十分之一以下。該少氧條件也可以透過限制進氣設計，亦即加熱腔體在反應過程，只有抽氣，而沒有進氣。藉由開始氧氣消耗完畢，沒有後續氧氣補充達到限制進氣設計。該少氧條件也可以持續通入惰性氣體，例如氮氣或氬氣，其流量速度與加熱腔體的容量成正比。 The low-oxygen condition of step (3) is selected from one of the use of restricted air intake design or the introduction of inert gas, which can quickly dry and carbonize the food sludge added with a small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste, high solid biomass fuel. calorific value. The hypoxic conditions are selected from either the use of a restricted gas inlet design or the introduction of an inert gas. Thermal cracking is a thermochemical reaction process in which organic substances are decomposed into bio-carbon, bio-oil and combustible gas under high temperature, anaerobic or less oxygen conditions. The hypoxic condition means that during the heating process, the amount of oxygen in the heating chamber is less than that of ordinary air. The hypoxic condition means that the amount of oxygen is less than one third of that of ordinary air. Preferably, the The hypoxic condition means that the amount of oxygen is less than one tenth of that of ordinary air. The low-oxygen condition can also be designed by restricting the intake air, that is, during the reaction process of the heating chamber, there is only exhaust gas, but no intake gas. By starting oxygen consumption to the end, no subsequent oxygen supplementation is achieved to limit the intake air design. The oxygen-deficient condition can also be continuously fed with an inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, whose flow rate is proportional to the capacity of the heating chamber.

所需要的微波功率與加熱腔體的容量以及所處理的食品污泥重量有關，在本發明中，為了達到有效的溫度範圍，該微波加熱處理的微波功率的範圍係：食品污泥重量在100公斤以下用4KW到6KW，食品污泥重量在100公斤至300公斤時用6KW到9KW，食品污泥重量在300公斤至1000公斤時用9KW到15KW。 The required microwave power is related to the capacity of the heating cavity and the weight of the food sludge to be processed. In the present invention, in order to achieve an effective temperature range, the range of microwave power for the microwave heating treatment is: the weight of the food sludge is 100 Use 4KW to 6KW for below kilograms, 6KW to 9KW for food sludge from 100kg to 300kg, and 9KW to 15KW for food sludge from 300kg to 1000kg.

需注意的是步驟(1)更包含：加入一第一微波吸收物質，且步驟(4)更包含：加入一第二微波吸收物質。該第一微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第一微波吸收物質的加入量為該食品污泥的重量的3%以下。該第二微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質、金屬顆粒或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第二微波吸收物質的加入量為該食品污泥的重量百分比的3%至5%之間。 It should be noted that step (1) further comprises: adding a first microwave absorbing substance, and step (4) further comprising: adding a second microwave absorbing substance. The first microwave absorbing material is selected from carbonaceous material or metal oxide powder, and the added amount of the first microwave absorbing material is less than 3% by weight of the food sludge. The second microwave absorbing material is selected from carbonaceous material, metal particles or metal oxide powder, and the added amount of the second microwave absorbing material is between 3% and 5% by weight of the food sludge.

該第一微波吸收物質與該第二微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質、金屬顆粒或金屬氧化物粉末，與其混合物。微波吸收物質能吸收微波之能量，藉由均勻混合於該破碎處理後之食品污泥，使該破碎處理後之食 品污泥可均勻受熱，加速反應速率。其中含碳物質可選用碳黑、石磨、活性碳及碳纖維等，與其混合物；金屬氧化物粉末可選用氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鍶、氧化鋇、氧化鋁、氧化矽、氧化鐵、氧化鋯、氧化釩、氧化鐵、氧化鈦、氧化錳、氧化鈷、氧化鎳、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸鍶、碳酸鋇、碳酸鋁等，具有高介電常數的氧化物或碳氧化物材料，與其混合物。 The first microwave absorbing material and the second microwave absorbing material are selected from carbonaceous material, metal particles or metal oxide powder, and mixtures thereof. The microwave absorbing material can absorb the energy of microwave, and by evenly mixing it in the food sludge after the crushing process, the food after the crushing process can be The product sludge can be heated evenly to speed up the reaction rate. Among them, the carbon-containing materials can be selected from carbon black, stone grinding, activated carbon and carbon fiber, etc., and their mixtures; the metal oxide powder can be selected from magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, and zirconium oxide. , vanadium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, etc., oxide or carbon oxide materials with high dielectric constant, and mixture.

目前習知乾燥或再生食品污泥方式，由於使用加熱或電熱窯爐與蒸餾器的熱效率過低，造成食品污泥轉換固態生質燃料的生產效率不佳，生產過程不但耗能，且有煙霧、臭味及焦油等問題尚待解決。 At present, the conventional method of drying or regenerating food sludge, due to the low thermal efficiency of the heating or electric heating kiln and distiller, results in poor production efficiency of converting food sludge into solid biomass fuel. The production process not only consumes energy, but also emits smoke. , odor and tar issues have yet to be resolved.

本發明之食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法具有以下功效：1.可以使用少量的碳質農業廢棄物加入到食品污泥，轉換成高熱值的固態生質燃料；2.藉由微波加熱處理，可以使加入少量的碳質農業廢棄物的食品污泥快速乾燥並碳化，提高固態生質燃料的熱值；3.使用微波加熱處理的效率極高，固態生質燃料的生產效率佳；且4.使用微波加熱處理的耗能極低，整個過程較無煙霧與臭味等問題。 The method for making solid biomass fuel from food sludge of the present invention has the following effects: 1. A small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste can be added to the food sludge to convert it into solid biomass fuel with high calorific value; 2. By microwave Heating treatment can quickly dry and carbonize food sludge with a small amount of carbonaceous agricultural waste added, and improve the calorific value of solid biomass fuel; 3. The efficiency of microwave heating treatment is extremely high, and the production efficiency of solid biomass fuel is good ; and 4. The energy consumption of microwave heating treatment is extremely low, and the whole process is relatively free of problems such as smoke and odor.

雖然本發明已以前述較佳實施例揭示，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與修改。如上述的解釋，都可以作各型式的修正與變化，而不會破壞此發明的精神。因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed by the aforementioned preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. As explained above, various modifications and changes can be made without destroying the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

Claims (10)

一種將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，包含下列步驟：步驟(1)，第一微波乾燥處理：將食品污泥使用一第一微波加熱功率，使該食品污泥在80℃~120℃乾燥到水分含量為30~50%；步驟(2)，混合粉碎處理：混合一固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥後並進行粉碎；步驟(3)，第二微波乾燥處理：將混合粉碎後的該食品污泥使用一第二微波加熱功率，在80℃~220℃乾燥到水分含量為1~5%；且步驟(4)，壓縮造粒：將該第二微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥進行壓縮後連續形成複數個顆粒狀的固態生質燃料；其中，在步驟(2)中該固態農業廢棄物主要包含廢木材與禽畜***物，且該固態農業廢棄物全部重量以100重量%，廢木材佔該固態農業廢棄物的30-90重量%。 A method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel, comprising the following steps: step (1), first microwave drying treatment: using a first microwave heating power for the food sludge to make the food sludge at 80 ℃ ~ Drying at 120°C to a moisture content of 30-50%; step (2), mixing and pulverizing: mixing a solid agricultural waste into the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment and pulverizing; step (3), the first Second microwave drying treatment: the mixed and pulverized food sludge is dried to a moisture content of 1 to 5% at 80 ° C ~ 220 ° C using a second microwave heating power; and step (4), compression and granulation: the The food sludge after the second microwave drying treatment is compressed to continuously form a plurality of granular solid biomass fuels; wherein, in step (2), the solid agricultural waste mainly includes waste wood and livestock excrement, and the The total weight of the solid agricultural waste is 100% by weight, and the waste wood accounts for 30-90% by weight of the solid agricultural waste. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中在步驟(2)中混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物全部重量以100重量%，該固態農業廢棄物在混合物中佔20-30重量%。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the total weight of the mixture of the solid agricultural waste and the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is 100% by weight %, the solid agricultural waste accounts for 20-30% by weight in the mixture. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中在步驟(3)中該第二微波加熱處理係在一少氧條件下加熱至80℃~220℃之間。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the second microwave heating treatment is heated to between 80°C and 220°C under a little oxygen condition. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中在步驟(3)中該第二微波加熱處理係在使用限制進氣設計或通入惰性氣體條件下加熱至80℃~220℃之間。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the second microwave heating treatment is heated to 80°C~ between 220°C. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中在步驟(2)，將混合該固態農業廢棄物到該第一微波乾燥處理後之食品污泥的混合物粉碎成1~8mm。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the mixture of the solid agricultural waste and the food sludge after the first microwave drying treatment is pulverized into 1~ 8mm. 如請求項3之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中在步驟(3)，該少氧條件係指加熱過程中，加熱腔體內的氧氣量少於一般空氣的氧氣量。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step (3), the low-oxygen condition means that the amount of oxygen in the heating chamber is less than that of ordinary air during the heating process. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中步驟(1)更包含：加入一第一微波吸收物質，該微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第一微波吸收物質的加入量為該食品污泥的重量的3%以下，該含碳物質可選用碳黑、石磨、活性碳及碳纖維等，與其混合物。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (1) further comprises: adding a first microwave absorbing material, the microwave absorbing material is selected from carbonaceous material or metal oxide powder , and the added amount of the first microwave absorbing material is less than 3% of the weight of the food sludge, and the carbon-containing material can be selected from carbon black, stone mill, activated carbon and carbon fiber, etc., and mixtures thereof. 如請求項1之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中步驟(3)更包含：加入一第二微波吸收物質，該微波吸收物質係選自於含碳物質或金屬氧化物粉末，且該第二微波吸收物質的加入量為該食品污泥的重量百分比的3%至5%之間，該含碳物質可選用碳黑、石磨、活性碳及碳纖維等，與其混合物。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (3) further comprises: adding a second microwave absorbing material, the microwave absorbing material is selected from carbonaceous material or metal oxide powder , and the added amount of the second microwave absorbing material is between 3% and 5% of the weight percentage of the food sludge, and the carbon-containing material can be selected from carbon black, stone grinding, activated carbon and carbon fiber, etc., and mixtures thereof. 如請求項7之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中該金屬氧化物粉末可選用氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鍶、氧化鋇、氧化鋁、氧化矽、氧化鐵、氧化鋯、氧化釩、氧化鐵、氧化鈦、氧化錳、氧化鈷、氧化鎳、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸鍶、碳酸鋇、碳酸鋁，具有高介電常數的氧化物或碳氧化物材料，與其混合物。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the metal oxide powder can be selected from magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, Vanadium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, oxide or carbon oxide materials with high dielectric constant, and mixtures thereof. 如請求項8之將食品污泥製成固態生質燃料的方法，其中該金屬氧化物粉末可選用氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鍶、氧化鋇、氧化鋁、氧化矽、氧化鐵、氧化鋯、氧化釩、氧化鐵、氧化鈦、氧化錳、氧化鈷、氧化鎳、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸鍶、碳酸鋇、碳酸鋁，具有高介電常數的氧化物或碳氧化物材料，與其混合物。 The method for making food sludge into solid biomass fuel as claimed in claim 8, wherein the metal oxide powder can be selected from magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, Vanadium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, aluminum carbonate, oxide or carbon oxide materials with high dielectric constant, and mixtures thereof.
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CN104109567A (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-10-22 熊莹 Production method of biofuel particle product
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117463754A (en) * 2023-12-12 2024-01-30 深圳市健坤五金有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment device and method

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