TWI765851B - Abrasive belt grinding product - Google Patents
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本發明係關於呈磨擦帶、磨擦帶研磨產品形式或對應轉換形式之磨擦產品。 The present invention relates to a friction product in the form of a friction belt, a friction belt abrasive product or a corresponding converted form.
磨擦帶屬於在各種設計之手持式裝置及固定裝置兩者中及在不同設置中具有一廣泛使用之磨擦產品類別，其中優點係一連續且均勻磨擦面積可用於金屬、塗料、塑膠及木材以及漆塗表面等等之研磨、砂磨、修飾或拋光。 Friction strips belong to a class of friction products that are widely used in both hand-held and stationary devices of various designs and in different settings, where the advantage is a continuous and uniform friction area for metal, paint, plastic and wood as well as lacquer Grinding, sanding, finishing or polishing of coated surfaces, etc.
磨擦帶之襯背通常為紙或織物且應滿足關於其機械性質及功能性之特定要求。縱向伸長需保持低且橫向方向上之強度應足夠用於實際產品應用。 The backing of the friction belt is usually paper or fabric and should meet specific requirements with regard to its mechanical properties and functionality. The longitudinal elongation needs to be kept low and the strength in the transverse direction should be sufficient for practical product application.
針對磨擦帶之應用在多數情況中係關於過多灰塵形成且此類型之磨料之使用中之一個限制問題係在所形成之灰塵及其他微粒未從工作區域移除時之堵塞。若襯背材料具有一閉合表面，則阻礙灰塵及其他微粒之移除。特別地，像木材、塑膠及富含填料之塗料之砂磨材料產生大量灰塵且具有機織織物及紙張之閉合襯背材料之傳統帶產品之使用呈現一顯著缺點。 Applications for friction belts are in most cases related to excessive dust formation and one limiting problem in the use of this type of abrasive is clogging of the formed dust and other particles that are not removed from the work area. If the backing material has a closed surface, the removal of dust and other particles is hindered. In particular, sanding materials like wood, plastic and filler-rich coatings generate a lot of dust and the use of traditional tape products with closed backing materials of woven fabrics and paper presents a significant disadvantage.
只要磨擦帶之使用大體上提供一高磨擦率及良好砂磨效能，此即將導致堵塞及過熱之一趨勢。在最壞情境中，此可導致砂磨材料上之燒痕且使磨擦結果顯著惡化。次要的不利影響係受損工作條件、磨 料之壽命縮短，及相應地亦對維護中斷之一增加需求。 As long as the use of friction belts generally provides a high friction rate and good sanding performance, this leads to a tendency to block and overheat. In the worst case, this can lead to burn marks on the sanded material and significantly worsen the rubbing results. Minor adverse effects are impaired operating conditions, grinding The life of the material is shortened, and the corresponding increase in the need for maintenance interruptions.
當前最先進技術係藉由使用一灰塵提取器件移除所形成之灰塵，該灰塵提取器件經定位接近砂磨面積之末端以便移除儘可能多的灰塵。一般亦使用將壓縮空氣或一清潔氣體吹至帶表面上且藉助於一真空提取或類似者而從該帶表面提取微粒之器件。 The current state-of-the-art removes the dust formed by using a dust extraction device positioned near the end of the sanding area in order to remove as much dust as possible. Also generally used are means of blowing compressed air or a cleaning gas onto the belt surface and extracting particles from the belt surface by means of a vacuum extraction or the like.
只要使用具有一閉合結構之習知砂磨帶，即不可能透過具有此一構形之砂磨帶直接提取灰塵。此適用於具有一機織織物、紙張或膜襯背之磨擦帶。僅向此等帶提供穿孔在多數情況中將不起作用，此係因為同時必須滿足特定機械要求。相應地，至多非常有限數目之孔可被實施至紙張、機織織物或膜襯背中，而不引起帶之抗拉強度及耐用性之一大幅且非所要縮減。結果，穿孔在尺寸及數目上受限且由此等襯背材料製成之穿孔帶一般不提供一有效灰塵提取。 As long as a conventional sanding belt with a closed structure is used, it is impossible to directly extract dust through a sanding belt with such a configuration. This applies to friction tapes with a woven fabric, paper or film backing. Merely providing perforations to these belts will not work in most cases, since at the same time certain mechanical requirements must be met. Accordingly, at most a very limited number of holes can be implemented into the paper, woven fabric or film backing without causing a large and undesirable reduction in one of the belt's tensile strength and durability. As a result, perforations are limited in size and number and perforated tapes made from such backing materials generally do not provide an effective dust extraction.
歸因於研磨灰塵之富集之堵塞係在多數磨擦產品之使用中(一般言之)、而特別在像木材、塑膠及富含填料之塗料之材料之砂磨中之一主要問題。此等材料之砂磨在使用具有機織織物及紙張之襯背材料之傳統帶產品時產生大量灰塵。 Blockage due to the accumulation of abrasive dust is a major problem in the use of most abrasive products (in general), but especially in the sanding of materials like wood, plastic and filler-rich coatings. Sanding of these materials generates a lot of dust when using traditional tape products with backing materials of woven fabric and paper.
明確言之，關於灰塵移除，US 2005/020190及US 6,923,840描述具有開孔襯背之磨擦產品。然而，由於開放發泡體結構附接至一連續膜襯背，故灰塵將被累積在開口中。在EP 1 733 844中，在磨擦襯背材料中建立空腔。雖然此等方法允許較大數量之灰塵累積在空腔或開口中，但在一定時間之後，此等區域將同樣不可避免地堵塞。
Specifically, with regard to dust removal, US 2005/020190 and US 6,923,840 describe abrasive products with apertured backings. However, since the open foam structure is attached to a continuous film backing, dust will accumulate in the openings. In
US 2,984,052描述具有具一磨擦塗層之規則交織紗線之一機織識物。然而，磨擦面積限於規則分佈式隆凸或島狀物。此結構並不適於磨擦帶應用，此係因為規則分佈式島狀物將導致砂磨表面之一給定條紋狀圖案。此在某些特定產品中可為所要的，但在多數砂磨應用中，具有一均勻砂磨表面之一飾面具有最外層重要性。 US 2,984,052 describes a woven fabric with regularly interwoven yarns with a friction coating. However, the friction area is limited to regularly distributed eminences or islands. This structure is not suitable for abrasive belt applications because the regularly distributed islands will result in a given streak-like pattern on one of the sanded surfaces. This may be desirable in some specific products, but in most sanding applications, a finish with a uniform sanded surface is of the outermost importance.
相同行為適用於由一紡織襯背(像(例如)在EP 0 779 851中描述之磨料)製成之一帶。在行進方向上之基於經編之束之所描述鋸齒形結構並不藉由覆蓋有磨擦微粒之其他表面而跨帶互連。換言之，存在跨帶之「空閒」區域，其中束之間之連接紗線被定位在覆蓋有磨擦微粒之束下方。此將導致僅來自與表面接觸之基於經編之束之一磨擦效果。結果，基於經編之束可包含表面上之一結構。若施加在帶之支撐襯背上之壓力不均勻地分佈於砂磨表面上，則一類似效果可出現。 The same behavior applies to a belt made of a textile backing like the abrasive described, for example, in EP 0 779 851. The described zigzag structures based on warp-knitted bundles in the direction of travel are not interconnected across the ribbon by other surfaces covered with abrasive particles. In other words, there are "free" areas across the belt where the connecting yarns between the bundles are positioned below the bundles covered with abrasive particles. This will result in a friction effect only from the warp-based bundle in contact with the surface. As a result, the warp-knitted bundle can contain a structure on the surface. A similar effect can occur if the pressure exerted on the belt's support backing is unevenly distributed over the sanded surface.
改良灰塵移除之另一方式係利用或甚至增大磨擦材料之表面中之高度差。此可藉由以一結構化方式配置顆粒材料(例如，呈像在EP 2 390 056中之點或島狀物形式)而達成。然而，若轉印至一磨擦帶，則此方法將導致一不均勻砂磨飾面。此外，在島狀物之間之區域將同樣在一些時間之後堵塞。
Another way to improve dust removal is to use or even increase the height difference in the surface of the abrasive material. This can be achieved by arranging the particulate material in a structured manner (eg in the form of dots or islands as in
US 5,674,122描述預期用於具有襯背中之複數個開口之一圖案化陣列之磨碟及片狀物之一網篩磨料。襯背典型地具有具不同表面積之相異區。相應地，跨磨擦產品，此將導致表面上之一不均勻顆粒分佈。結果，若此不均勻顆粒分佈圖案用於一磨擦帶產品中，則砂磨表面中之條紋將產生。 US 5,674,122 describes a mesh abrasive intended for discs and sheets having a patterned array of openings in the backing. The backing typically has distinct regions with different surface areas. Correspondingly, this will result in an uneven particle distribution across the rubbed product on the surface. As a result, if this non-uniform particle distribution pattern is used in a friction belt product, streaks will develop in the sanded surface.
在EP 1 522 386中提供一開放結構磨料之另一實例，其中揭示包括在研磨方向及橫斷方向兩者上行進之兩個平行紗線層之一磨擦產品。此解決方案係起作用的，但在壓力施加於構造時，經紗將導致覆蓋有磨擦微粒之緯紗上之一不均勻砂磨壓力分佈且因此導致砂磨表面之一結構化。
Another example of an open structure abrasive is provided in
EP 0 779 851描述配備有磨擦微粒之機織或編織紗線之一開放網眼布。本發明更明確言之係關於一種基於分佈在表面上之磨擦環圈或紗線之結構。本發明之概念允許研磨灰塵被移除，但磨擦製品之表面結構粗糙且磨擦面積係逐點定位的。磨擦材料之構造亦係關於機械強 度之問題，其將不會使產品適於帶應用。 EP 0 779 851 describes an open mesh cloth of one of the woven or woven yarns provided with abrasive particles. The invention more specifically relates to a structure based on friction loops or yarns distributed over a surface. The concept of the present invention allows abrasive dust to be removed, but the surface structure of the abrasive article is rough and the abrasive area is localized point by point. The structure of the friction material is also related to the mechanical strength degree of problems, which will not make the product suitable for tape applications.
對於磨擦帶而言，關於灰塵移除之要求與修改襯背材料以便達成所要機械性質之需求衝突。例如，藉由具有像在US 4,386,943中之適當樹脂之浸塑達成足夠硬度。亦已在US 5,700,188中聲稱藉由在不同層中應用一構造而達到足夠機械強度。 For friction belts, the requirements for dust removal conflict with the need to modify the backing material in order to achieve the desired mechanical properties. Sufficient hardness is achieved, for example, by dip molding with a suitable resin as in US 4,386,943. Sufficient mechanical strength has also been claimed in US 5,700,188 by applying a structure in different layers.
本發明之一目標係提供一種具有一經改良研磨效能及一極佳耐用性之磨擦帶研磨產品。 An object of the present invention is to provide a friction belt abrasive product with an improved abrasive performance and an excellent durability.
運用根據技術方案1、21及23之磨擦帶解決該目標。附屬技術方案定義較佳實施例，其中所有此等實施例旨在可與彼此組合，只要其不同彼此矛盾。
This object is solved using the friction belts according to
特定言之，一磨擦帶包括由互連織物紗線形成之一紡織織物，及在該紡織織物之一側上形成之一連貫磨擦面積。此外，該磨擦帶包括呈穿孔形式之複數個規則分佈式開口。 In particular, a friction belt includes a woven fabric formed from interconnected fabric yarns and a continuous friction area formed on one side of the woven fabric. Furthermore, the friction belt includes a plurality of regularly distributed openings in the form of perforations.
藉此，措辭「互連」意指織物紗線至少在互連點彼此交叉。較佳地，在一根織物紗線在另一織物紗線周圍成環且反之亦然時以纏結形式形成互連。 By this, the expression "interconnecting" means that the fabric yarns cross each other at least at the point of interconnection. Preferably, the interconnections are formed in entanglement as one fabric yarn loops around another fabric yarn and vice versa.
術語「連貫」意指磨擦帶包括一單一、互連磨擦面積，其為連續的，與隔離之磨擦片或島狀物形成對比。此內容脈絡中之磨擦面積表示一工件可經其砂磨或磨擦之一面積。措辭「織物紗線」係指形成紡織織物之基礎之紗線。較佳紡織織物係在ISO 8388中定義且包括緯編平針式織物、緯編雙層平針式織物、緯編羅紋式織物、緯編反針式織物、經編平針式織物、經編雙層平針式織物、經編羅紋式織物、經編反針式織物、經組合之經編及緯編平針式織物及其他。另外，機織織物係可能的。 The term "continuous" means that the friction strip includes a single, interconnected friction area that is continuous, in contrast to isolated friction sheets or islands. The friction area in this context represents an area by which a workpiece can be sanded or rubbed. The expression "fabric yarn" refers to the yarn that forms the basis of a textile fabric. Preferred textile fabrics are defined in ISO 8388 and include weft knitted jersey, weft double jersey, weft rib, weft reverse knit, warp jersey, warp double jersey woven fabrics, warp knitted rib fabrics, warp knitted reverse knitted fabrics, warp knitted and weft knitted jersey fabrics and others. In addition, woven fabrics are possible.
歸因於穿孔，砂磨灰塵及其他微粒可輕易穿透磨擦帶。此顯著 促進灰塵從砂磨面積之移除，其中工件經加工且防止磨擦帶之堵塞。繼而，此增加磨擦帶之壽命且防止砂磨表面之一過多加熱，其確保一高品質砂磨飾面。此外，穿孔之提供使得一操作者可在帶經驅動以傳送時檢查磨擦帶。此允許操作者具有對研磨程序之一較好控制，其對於其中手動施加砂磨壓力之機器而言特別重要。然而，此特徵對於自動砂磨機器而言亦有利，此係因為其允許砂磨程序期間之一視覺品質控制。 Due to the perforations, sanding dust and other particles can easily penetrate the friction belt. This remarkable Facilitates the removal of dust from the sanding area where the workpiece is machined and prevents clogging of the friction belt. This, in turn, increases the life of the friction belt and prevents excessive heating of one of the sanded surfaces, which ensures a high quality sanded finish. Furthermore, perforations are provided so that an operator can inspect the friction belt as the belt is driven for transport. This allows the operator to have better control over one of the grinding procedures, which is especially important for machines where sanding pressure is manually applied. However, this feature is also advantageous for automatic sanding machines as it allows a visual quality control during the sanding procedure.
連貫磨擦面積確保砂磨產品之一均勻修整，此係因為歸因於該連貫磨擦面積，遍及帶，不存在隔離片，其可能顯示為砂磨表面中之條紋。開口之規則分佈進一步促成砂磨工件上之一最佳化表面飾面。一方面，開口之一規則分佈意指鄰近開口之間之區域基本上貫穿磨擦帶係恆定的，其等效於磨擦面積之面積密度基本上亦貫穿帶恆定之概念。另一方面，穿孔之一規則分佈排除穿孔之數目存在局部變動之可能性，其可能導致一不均勻砂磨結果。在此方面，「面積密度」係一闡釋性術語，其可被視為由帶之某一部分中之磨料所佔據之面積對該部分中帶之虛擬總面積(即，包含孔之面積)之局部份額。自然地，若該部分經定尺寸以具有至少係開口之長尺寸之兩倍的一長度，則此定義係唯一合乎情理的。 The continuous friction area ensures that one of the sanded products is uniformly trimmed, since due to this continuous friction area, throughout the belt, there are no spacers that could appear as streaks in the sanded surface. The regular distribution of openings further contributes to an optimized surface finish on the sanded workpiece. On the one hand, a regular distribution of openings means that the area between adjacent openings is substantially constant throughout the friction zone, which is equivalent to the notion that the area density of the friction area is also substantially constant throughout the zone. On the other hand, a regular distribution of perforations precludes the possibility of local variations in the number of perforations, which may lead to an uneven sanding result. In this regard, "area density" is an explanatory term that can be viewed as a fraction of the area occupied by abrasive in a portion of the belt to the imaginary total area of the belt in that portion (ie, the area including the holes) share. Naturally, this definition is only plausible if the portion is dimensioned to have a length that is at least twice the long dimension of the opening.
同時，由互連織物紗線形成之紡織織物確保磨擦帶具有對於磨擦帶應用而言必要之足夠機械性質。特定言之，藉由使用由互連織物紗線形成之一紡織織物，可在帶中形成穿孔，同時縱向伸長可保持低且可獲得橫向方向上之一特定強度。 At the same time, the textile fabric formed from the interconnected fabric yarns ensures that the friction belt has sufficient mechanical properties necessary for the application of the friction belt. In particular, by using a woven fabric formed from interconnected fabric yarns, perforations can be formed in the belt while the longitudinal elongation can be kept low and a certain strength in the transverse direction can be obtained.
此不僅可應用於一磨擦帶，而且可應用於適於單向砂磨操作之任何研磨產品，其中一磨擦材料沿著與目標之一垂直或水平軸延伸以在磨擦程序之後建立一均勻砂磨表面積。通常，此一研磨產品之轉換形式採取一帶之形式，但亦可呈卷形物、片狀物、三角形、盤狀物形 式或其他適當轉換形式。 This can be applied not only to an abrasive belt, but to any abrasive product suitable for unidirectional sanding operations, where an abrasive material extends along a vertical or horizontal axis to a target to establish a uniform sanding after the abrasive procedure surface area. Usually, the conversion form of this abrasive product takes the form of a belt, but can also be in the form of rolls, sheets, triangles, discs formula or other appropriate conversion form.
較佳地，開口被配置在垂直於帶之縱向方向上之線上，其中該等開口在線方向上規則地間隔且線相對於其開口之位置彼此偏移。 Preferably, the openings are arranged on a line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the belt, wherein the openings are regularly spaced in the line direction and the lines are offset from each other with respect to the position of their openings.
縱向方向係其中帶在用於一砂磨機器或類似者中時經驅動以傳送之方向。若以一不同轉換形式(諸如一卷形物、片狀物或類似者)使用磨擦產品，則縱向方向亦可被視為其中在使用材料時實行磨擦程序之方向。 The longitudinal direction is the direction in which the belt is driven for transport when used in a sanding machine or the like. If the rubbing product is used in a different transformation form, such as a roll, sheet or the like, the longitudinal direction can also be regarded as the direction in which the rubbing procedure is carried out when the material is used.
開口在線方向上之規則間隔確保在砂磨面積之寬度方向上達成一均勻砂磨表面。若線相對於其開口之位置而彼此偏移，則開口並不沿著縱向方向配置成均勻列。此進一步減少條紋沿著砂磨面積之寬度之出現。 The regular spacing of the openings in the line direction ensures that a uniform sanded surface is achieved across the width of the sanded area. If the lines are offset from each other with respect to the positions of their openings, the openings are not arranged in a uniform row along the longitudinal direction. This further reduces the appearance of streaks along the width of the sanded area.
藉此，進一步較佳的是，後續線(即，在縱向方向上跟隨彼此之線)相對於其開口之位置而彼此偏移。 Thereby, it is further preferred that the subsequent lines (ie lines that follow each other in the longitudinal direction) are offset from each other with respect to the position of their opening.
在此點上，進一步較佳的是，在後續線之間之偏移係使得每一第二條線之開口在縱向方向上對準。 In this regard, it is further preferred that the offset between subsequent lines is such that the openings of each second line are aligned in the longitudinal direction.
若在縱向方向上看，則後者意指(換言之)塗佈有一條線中之兩個鄰近開口之間之磨料之一區域接著下一條線之一開口，其再次接著塗佈有第二下一條線之磨料之一區域等等。相應地，此配置有效地抑制經修飾產品中之條紋之形成。此外，貫穿整個磨擦帶，關於開口之長尺寸之兩倍數量級之長度標度達成一恆定局部磨擦面積密度。此與提供一高度均勻磨擦面積之概念等效，其進一步促成一均勻砂磨飾面。另外，亦從帶之機械穩定性之觀點觀之，開口之交替配置促成帶之縱向及橫向兩個方向上之一經改良強度，此係因為帶之繼起對稱結構可以一最佳方式吸收並分配力。 The latter, if viewed in the longitudinal direction, means (in other words) coated with an area of abrasive between two adjacent openings in one line followed by one of the openings in the next line, which in turn is then coated with a second next line One of the abrasive areas of the thread and so on. Accordingly, this configuration effectively inhibits the formation of streaks in the modified product. Furthermore, a constant local friction area density is achieved with respect to a length scale on the order of twice the long dimension of the opening throughout the entire friction belt. This is equivalent to the concept of providing a highly uniform friction area, which further facilitates a uniform sanded finish. In addition, also from the point of view of the mechanical stability of the belt, the alternating arrangement of openings contributes to an improved strength in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the belt, since the subsequent symmetrical structure of the belt can absorb and distribute in an optimal way force.
較佳地，磨擦帶具有一均勻厚度。該均勻厚度可確保在磨擦帶被壓至工件上之情況下，與一工件接觸之一表面儘可能均勻。另外， 此能夠直接控制將磨擦帶施加至工件上所用之壓力。 Preferably, the friction belt has a uniform thickness. This uniform thickness ensures that a surface in contact with a workpiece is as uniform as possible when the friction belt is pressed against the workpiece. in addition, This enables direct control of the pressure used to apply the friction belt to the workpiece.
較佳地，紡織織物之一側(即，前側)上之連貫磨擦面積包括該紡織織物之一側上之一塗層。 Preferably, the continuous friction area on one side (ie, the front side) of the woven fabric includes a coating on one side of the woven fabric.
塗層提供一均勻基層，磨料可被塗敷至該基層上。藉此，塗層可消除高度不規則性且進一步促進一均勻磨擦面積。為此，塗層可在塗敷磨擦微粒之前經特別處理(「扁平化」)以便形成一均勻表面。如在WO 2014/037034中所描述，此可藉由塗敷塗層之一特定方式(例如，藉由使用一塗佈輥)達成。此外，可藉由使一扁平化器件壓抵於尚未固化之塗層而實現一扁平化效果。另外，存在機械磨擦或砂磨容易塗敷之塗層以便消除(弄平)任何現存不均勻度之可能性。 The coating provides a uniform base layer to which the abrasive can be applied. Thereby, the coating can eliminate high irregularities and further promote a uniform friction area. To this end, the coating may be specially treated ("flattened") prior to application of the abrasive particles in order to form a uniform surface. As described in WO 2014/037034, this can be achieved by a specific way of applying the coating (eg by using a coating roll). Furthermore, a flattening effect can be achieved by pressing a flattened device against the uncured coating. In addition, there is the possibility of mechanically rubbing or sanding the easily applied coating in order to eliminate (smooth out) any existing non-uniformities.
磨擦帶之另一側(即，背側)可基本上無塗層。一方面，此使得能夠減少對於製造磨擦帶而言必要之塗層量且因此促成一更具成本效益之產品。另一方面，由於紡織織物之另一側基本上無塗層，故所得產品更具可撓性。在使用期間，特別在磨擦帶繞在其周圍之驅動輥具有小直徑之情況下，此可為有益的。應注意，「基本上無塗層」並不排除織物紗線攜載其他材料，其係(例如)紡織織物之一浸塑之部分。 The other side (ie, the backside) of the friction belt may be substantially uncoated. On the one hand, this makes it possible to reduce the amount of coating necessary for the manufacture of the friction belt and thus contributes to a more cost-effective product. On the other hand, since the other side of the woven fabric is substantially uncoated, the resulting product is more flexible. This may be beneficial during use, especially if the drive roller around which the friction belt is wound has a small diameter. It should be noted that "substantially uncoated" does not preclude the fabric yarns from carrying other materials, which are, for example, part of a dipped part of the textile fabric.
替代地/此外，磨擦帶亦可包括塗敷在紡織織物之另一側(即，背側)上之一塗層。在下文中，此塗層亦可被稱為「第二塗層」。藉此，第二塗層可用於進一步調諧帶之機械性質。另外，其可用來提供帶之一扁平背側。對於某些應用而言，特別在緊鄰砂磨機器之驅動構件施加高砂磨壓力或實行一砂磨程序之情況下，帶之一扁平背側將進一步促進一均勻砂磨飾面。另外，此減少磨擦面積中之磨料之磨損。 Alternatively/in addition, the friction belt may also include a coating applied on the other side (ie, the back side) of the textile fabric. Hereinafter, this coating may also be referred to as "second coating". Thereby, the second coating can be used to further tune the mechanical properties of the band. In addition, it can be used to provide a flat back side of the belt. For certain applications, particularly where high sanding pressures are applied or a sanding procedure is performed in close proximity to the drive member of the sanding machine, a flat backside of the belt will further facilitate a uniform sanding finish. In addition, this reduces wear of the abrasive in the friction area.
在此點上，可進一步設想扁平化帶之背側。如在前側上之塗層之情況中，可藉由按壓、壓延或磨擦程序達成此一扁平化。藉此，此等程序可直接應用於形成帶之背側之紡織織物或應用於第二塗層(若存在)。 At this point, it is further contemplated to flatten the backside of the belt. As in the case of the coating on the front side, this flattening can be achieved by pressing, calendering or rubbing procedures. Thereby, these procedures can be applied directly to the textile fabric forming the backside of the belt or to a second coating (if present).
較佳地，織物紗線之體積對整體產品(不包含開口)之體積之比率係0.1至0.9且甚至更佳係0.4至0.8。 Preferably, the ratio of the volume of the fabric yarn to the volume of the overall product (excluding openings) is 0.1 to 0.9 and even more preferably 0.4 to 0.8.
在此體積比內，可實現具有良好機械及拓撲性質之一磨擦產品。一方面，所得產品具有一足夠機械強度以經受研磨應用中之張力。另一方面，在給定之體積比下，可容易地使源於織物紗線之互連點之產品之高度輪廓之不規則性相當。此外，可以一具成本效益方式製造產品。 Within this volume ratio, a friction product with good mechanical and topological properties can be achieved. In one aspect, the resulting product has a sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the tension in abrasive applications. On the other hand, at a given volume ratio, the irregularities in the height profile of the product originating from the interconnection points of the fabric yarns can be easily matched. Furthermore, the product can be manufactured in a cost-effective manner.
紗線與整體產品之間的重量比宜係0.2至0.9。 The weight ratio between the yarn and the overall product is preferably 0.2 to 0.9.
亦就此重量比而言，可達到機械性質與結構性質之間之一良好折衷。 Also for this weight ratio, a good compromise between mechanical and structural properties can be achieved.
關於紡織織物，宜係藉由編織、縫合或機織來使織物紗線互連。 With regard to textile fabrics, the fabric yarns are preferably interconnected by weaving, sewing or weaving.
此等技術提供最佳地滿足具有具開口之一較佳高度規則圖案之一開放結構同時具有帶/紡織織物對張力之一足夠抗性之相互矛盾要求的一個可能性。此外，此等技術呈現製造紡織織物之一具成本效益方式。 These techniques offer one possibility to optimally meet the conflicting requirements of having an open structure with a preferably highly regular pattern of openings while having a sufficient resistance of the tape/woven fabric to tension. Furthermore, these techniques present a cost-effective way to manufacture textile fabrics.
開口宜係均勻的(在尺寸及形狀上)，這對於獲得一均勻砂磨飾面係有益的。 The openings are preferably uniform (in size and shape), which is beneficial for obtaining a uniform sanded finish.
開口宜具有一等邊四邊形形狀或具有六邊形形狀。 The openings preferably have an equilateral quadrilateral shape or have a hexagonal shape.
具有等邊四邊形或具有六邊形形狀與開口高度對稱的概念等效。此在砂磨結果方面係有益的，此係因為在鄰近開口之間的區域貫穿磨擦帶係高度規則的。另外，此等形狀可促成帶之一增強抗拉強度，此係因為張力一般可更均勻地分佈。 The concept of having an equilateral quadrilateral or having a hexagonal shape that is highly symmetrical to the opening is equivalent. This is beneficial in terms of sanding results because the friction band is highly regular throughout the area between adjacent openings. In addition, these shapes may contribute to an increased tensile strength of the belt since tension is generally more evenly distributed.
開口宜具有一長尺寸(換言之，其係開口跨開口之最長直徑)，及一短尺寸(換言之，其係跨開口之最短直徑)，其中長尺寸在磨擦帶之縱向方向上延伸。 The opening preferably has a long dimension (in other words, it is the longest diameter across the opening), and a short dimension (in other words, it is the shortest diameter across the opening), wherein the long dimension extends in the longitudinal direction of the friction belt.
此特徵(換言之，其意指開口在縱向方向上伸長)進一步促成磨擦帶針對沿著縱向方向之伸長之一經改良強度。此可歸因於結構之長形幾何，其能夠吸收張力，而不引發一橫向收縮。 This feature (in other words, it means that the openings are elongated in the longitudinal direction) further contributes to the improved strength of the friction belt against an extension in the longitudinal direction. This can be attributed to the elongated geometry of the structure, which is able to absorb tension without inducing a lateral contraction.
開口之長尺寸宜係在0.3mm與20.0mm之間。 The length of the opening should be between 0.3mm and 20.0mm.
此等尺寸一般提供磨擦帶之機械強度與開口之一足夠尺寸之間之一良好折衷，使得砂磨灰塵及其他微粒可輕易穿透磨擦帶。簡單地說，該等值可適於基本應用。 These dimensions generally provide a good compromise between the mechanical strength of the friction belt and a sufficient size of the opening so that sanding dust and other particles can easily penetrate the friction belt. In short, the equivalent values may be suitable for basic applications.
開口之平均寬度(即，在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上之開口之直徑)宜至少為在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上分離鄰近開口之最短距離的0.3倍。開口之平均寬度(即，在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上之開口之直徑)以至少為在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上分離鄰近開口之最短距離的0.7倍較佳，且開口之平均寬度(即，在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上之開口之直徑)以係在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上分離鄰近開口之最短距離的0.8倍至1.2倍之間更佳。 The average width of the openings (ie, the diameter of the openings in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is preferably at least 0.3 times the shortest distance separating adjacent openings in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The average width of the openings (i.e., the diameter of the openings in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is preferably at least 0.7 times the shortest distance separating adjacent openings in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the average width of the openings (i.e., , the diameter of the opening in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is preferably between 0.8 times and 1.2 times the shortest distance separating adjacent openings in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
換言之，若開口在一橫向(即，垂直於縱向方向之一方向)上之寬度係橫向上之一連接區域的數量級，則可進一步減小在砂磨工件中出現條紋的可能性。此係歸因於如下事實：在此等尺寸下，可在縱向方向上達成後續開口之一良好重疊，其進一步減小條紋形成的可能性。 In other words, if the width of the opening in a transverse direction (ie, a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is on the order of a connecting region in the transverse direction, the likelihood of streaking in sanded workpieces can be further reduced. This is due to the fact that at these dimensions, a good overlap of one of the subsequent openings in the longitudinal direction can be achieved, which further reduces the possibility of streak formation.
互連織物紗線宜被配置成複數根互連織物紗線之束的形式，其中該等束分離鄰近開口，且係以其在與縱向方向交叉之一方向上延伸之一方式配置。 The interconnected fabric yarns are preferably arranged in bundles of a plurality of interconnected fabric yarns, wherein the bundles are separated adjacent to the openings and arranged in such a way that they extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction.
換言之，束係互連織物紗線股。相應地，一束反映互連織物紗線穿過紡織織物之整體傳播方向，此係在針對整體傳播方向並不考慮織物紗線之方向上、(例如)源於鄰近織物紗線周圍之織物紗線之匝數或環圈之小局部變動的意義上而言。相應地，束係帶之塗佈有磨料且因此形成用於磨擦面積之基礎之區域。歸因於束在與縱向方向交叉之 一方向上延伸(意指其並不嚴格平行於縱向方向傳播)之事實，可進一步減小砂磨產品中之條紋之可能性。 In other words, the bundles interconnect the strands of fabric yarns. Correspondingly, a bundle reflects the overall direction of propagation of interconnecting fabric yarns through a textile fabric, which is in a direction that does not consider fabric yarns for the overall direction of propagation, for example, originating from fabric yarns around adjacent fabric yarns In the sense of small local variations in the number of turns or loops of a wire. Accordingly, the lacing belt is coated with abrasive and thus forms the area for the basis of the rubbing area. due to the beam crossing the longitudinal direction The fact that one extends in one direction, meaning that it does not propagate strictly parallel to the longitudinal direction, further reduces the likelihood of streaks in sanded products.
較佳地，在互連織物紗線之互連點處交叉之織物紗線數目貫穿磨擦帶恆定。更佳地，在互連織物紗線之互連點處交叉之織物紗線數目係在兩根與十根之間。 Preferably, the number of fabric yarns crossing at the interconnection point of the interconnecting fabric yarns is constant throughout the friction belt. More preferably, the number of fabric yarns crossing at the interconnection point of the interconnecting fabric yarns is between two and ten.
在此點上，應注意，一方面，織物紗線之互連之形成係較佳的，以便產生一連貫且實際上穩定材料。不使織物紗線互連，將產生僅寬鬆紗線產品而不產生紡織織物。另一方面，互連點(其中織物紗線交叉)必然需要一局部高度變動(即，其中局部富集織物紗線之一點)。此對於砂磨應用而言可能不利，此係因為互連點可能顯露為修飾產品中之條紋。若在互連點處交叉之織物紗線數目保持恆定，且還要更佳地，貫穿整個磨擦帶，保持在其之兩根紗線之最小值，則然而高度變動可被保持在一最小值。相應地，可達成磨擦帶之一高度均勻厚度，其允許一均勻砂磨飾面。 In this regard, it should be noted that, on the one hand, the formation of the interconnection of the fabric yarns is preferable in order to produce a coherent and practically stable material. Without interconnecting the fabric yarns, a loose yarn only product and no woven fabric would result. On the other hand, the point of interconnection (where the fabric yarns cross) necessarily requires a local height variation (ie, a point where one of the fabric yarns is locally enriched). This can be detrimental for sanding applications because the interconnection points can show up as streaks in the finished product. If the number of fabric yarns crossing at the interconnection point is kept constant, and more preferably, throughout the entire friction belt, at a minimum of two yarns thereof, then the height variation can however be kept at a minimum . Accordingly, a highly uniform thickness of the friction strip can be achieved, which allows a uniform sanding finish.
較佳地，織物紗線之厚度係5至4,000 dtex且特定言之係150至900 dtex。 Preferably, the thickness of the fabric yarns is 5 to 4,000 dtex and in particular 150 to 900 dtex.
較佳地，紡織織物具有一緞紋(atlas)或凸紋(cord)結構。 Preferably, the woven fabric has an atlas or cord structure.
藉此，緞紋或凸紋結構適於組合磨擦帶之所要開放結構與具有一均勻且連貫磨擦面積之要求。另外，此等結構允許一紡織織物之形成，其可至少在某種程度上經受縱向及橫向兩個方向上之抗拉應變，而不過多地伸長。 Thereby, the satin or relief structure is suitable for combining the desired open structure of the friction belt with the requirement of having a uniform and continuous friction area. In addition, these structures allow the formation of a woven fabric that can withstand, at least to some extent, tensile strain in both the machine and transverse directions without excessive elongation.
較佳地，磨擦帶進一步包括穿入紡織織物中之增強紗線。 Preferably, the friction belt further comprises reinforcing yarns threaded into the woven fabric.
運用增強紗線，可進一步提高磨擦帶之機械穩定性。由於此等增強紗線被穿入紡織織物中，故其儘可能少地影響磨擦面積之均勻性。 The use of reinforced yarns can further improve the mechanical stability of the friction belt. Since these reinforcing yarns are threaded into the textile fabric, they affect the uniformity of the friction area as little as possible.
較佳地，增強紗線以一柱形縫線形式穿入紡織織物中。 Preferably, the reinforcing yarn is threaded into the textile fabric in the form of a cylindrical stitch.
藉此，柱形縫線提供將增強紗線配置在本質上沿著縱向方向之方向上之一可能性，其明確增強帶對縱向方向上之張力之抗性。此外，柱形縫線關於達成一所要機械增強有效，而不使磨擦面積之均勻性顯著惡化。 Thereby, the cylindrical stitches offer the possibility of arranging the reinforcing yarns in a direction essentially along the longitudinal direction, which specifically enhances the resistance of the belt to tension in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the cylindrical suture is effective in achieving a desired mechanical reinforcement without significantly deteriorating the uniformity of the friction area.
較佳地，增強紗線之一厚度係織物紗線之厚度之1至1/20倍且更佳地係織物紗線之厚度之1/2至1/10倍。 Preferably, a thickness of the reinforcing yarn is 1 to 1/20 times the thickness of the fabric yarn and more preferably 1/2 to 1/10 times the thickness of the fabric yarn.
此確保增強紗線在穿入紡織織物中時將不導致該紡織織物中之明顯升高。相應地，可獲得一磨擦帶，其係機械穩定的且同時具有一均勻厚度。 This ensures that the reinforcing yarns will not cause significant lift in the textile fabric when threaded into the textile fabric. Accordingly, a friction belt can be obtained which is mechanically stable and at the same time has a uniform thickness.
較佳地，增強紗線穿入或跟隨複數根互連織物紗線之束。 Preferably, the reinforcing yarns penetrate or follow a bundle of interconnecting fabric yarns.
此使得增強紗線並不與開***叉，此意指該等增強紗線之提供並不不利地影響帶之開放結構。雖然被機械增強，但仍可保證磨擦帶針對砂磨灰塵及其他微粒之所要穿透性。 This is such that the reinforcing yarns do not cross the opening, which means that the provision of these reinforcing yarns does not adversely affect the open structure of the belt. Although mechanically reinforced, the desired penetration of the friction belt against sanding dust and other particles is guaranteed.
較佳地，紡織織物充滿一浸塑，其中還要更佳地，該紡織織物在塗敷及/或固化浸塑時被拉緊。 Preferably, the textile fabric is impregnated with a dip, wherein even more preferably, the textile fabric is stretched during the coating and/or curing dip.
在一浸塑之幫助下，可進一步改良磨擦帶之機械穩定性及特定言之關於相對於縱向方向之縱向及橫向方向上之伸長之帶之強度。此外，若紡織織物在塗敷浸塑時被拉緊，則該紡織織物中之開口可在被經固化浸塑固定之前形成所要形狀。此允許就各自應用定製開口之形狀。此外，若紡織織物在塗敷浸塑之前於縱向方向上拉緊，則此進一步減小修飾磨擦帶在縱向方向上之伸長。 With the aid of a dip moulding, it is possible to further improve the mechanical stability of the friction belt and, in particular, the strength of the belt with regard to elongation in the longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the longitudinal direction. Additionally, if the textile fabric is stretched during the application dip, the openings in the textile fabric can be formed into the desired shape prior to being secured by the cured dip. This allows for customizing the shape of the opening for each application. In addition, if the textile fabric is stretched in the longitudinal direction before the dip coating is applied, this further reduces the elongation of the trim friction belt in the longitudinal direction.
較佳地，開口之總表面積係總連貫磨擦面積之總表面積之0.1至10倍，還要更佳地等於或大於總連貫磨擦面積之總表面積，且甚至更佳係總連貫磨擦面積之總表面積之1.0倍至2.2倍。 Preferably, the total surface area of the openings is 0.1 to 10 times the total surface area of the total continuous friction area, more preferably equal to or greater than the total surface area of the total continuous friction area, and even more preferably the total surface area of the total continuous friction area 1.0 times to 2.2 times.
換言之，此意指較佳具有允許砂磨灰塵輕易穿透磨擦帶之一高度開放結構。此外，開口之面積與磨擦面積之間之此比率確保磨擦面 積之面積分數均勻分佈在磨擦帶之總表面上，且確保特定言之不存在如下趨勢：若磨擦帶經驅動以傳送，則特定磨擦區域形成條紋。另外，此促進磨擦帶在使用期間之處置，此係因為一砂磨機器之一操作者可檢查經驅動以傳送之磨擦帶，以便控制及/或調整砂磨程序。 In other words, this means that it is preferable to have a highly open structure that allows sanding dust to easily penetrate the friction belt. Furthermore, this ratio between the area of the opening and the friction area ensures that the friction surface The area fraction of the product is uniformly distributed over the total surface of the friction belt and ensures that there is, in particular, no tendency for certain friction areas to form streaks if the friction belt is driven to convey. Additionally, this facilitates handling of the friction belt during use because an operator of a sanding machine can inspect the friction belt being driven to convey in order to control and/or adjust the sanding program.
較佳地，當對每200mm之一樣本長度之50mm寬度施加100N之一力時，磨擦帶之伸長小於1%且較佳地小於0.8%。 Preferably, the elongation of the friction belt is less than 1% and preferably less than 0.8% when a force of 100 N is applied to a width of 50 mm per 200 mm of a sample length.
此外，根據另一態樣，提供一種包括呈穿孔形式之複數個開口之磨擦帶，其中開口被配置在垂直於磨擦帶之縱向方向之線上，該等開口沿著線之方向規則間隔且後續線相對於其開口之位置而彼此偏移。 Furthermore, according to another aspect, there is provided a friction belt comprising a plurality of openings in the form of perforations, wherein the openings are arranged on a line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the friction belt, the openings are regularly spaced along the direction of the line and subsequent lines offset from each other with respect to the position of their openings.
根據又一態樣，提供一種磨擦帶，其包括由互連織物紗線形成之一紡織織物、呈穿孔形式之複數個開口、在紡織織物之前側上之一磨擦面積，及在紡織織物之背側上之一塗層。 According to yet another aspect, there is provided a friction belt comprising a woven fabric formed of interconnected fabric yarns, a plurality of openings in the form of perforations, a friction area on a front side of the woven fabric, and a back of the woven fabric One coating on the side.
較佳地，扁平化背側上之塗層。 Preferably, the coating on the backside is flattened.
如上文敘述之特徵不僅可應用於一磨擦帶，而且一般言之可應用於研磨產品，其中磨擦程序係單向的(即，其中沿著研磨產品之一個方向主要實行研磨程序)且砂磨結果必須為儘可能均勻。除帶研磨產品外，可行轉換形式包含卷形物、片狀物、三角形或磁碟。 Features as described above are applicable not only to an abrasive belt, but also to abrasive products in general, where the rubbing procedure is unidirectional (ie, wherein the abrasive procedure is primarily performed along one direction of the abrasive product) and the sanding results It must be as uniform as possible. In addition to tape abrasive products, possible conversion forms include rolls, sheets, triangles or disks.
1‧‧‧磨擦帶 1‧‧‧friction belt
2‧‧‧紡織織物 2‧‧‧Textiles
10‧‧‧開口 10‧‧‧Opening
20‧‧‧織物紗線 20‧‧‧Fabric Yarn
21‧‧‧股或束 21‧‧‧ strands or bundles
25‧‧‧增強紗線 25‧‧‧Reinforcement Yarn
30‧‧‧浸塑 30‧‧‧Dipping
40‧‧‧塗層 40‧‧‧Coating
50‧‧‧磨擦材料/磨料 50‧‧‧Abrasive Materials/Abrasives
60‧‧‧磨擦面積 60‧‧‧Friction area
M1‧‧‧縱向方向 M1‧‧‧Vertical orientation
L1‧‧‧線 L1‧‧‧Line
L2‧‧‧線 L2‧‧‧line
藉由參考本發明之較佳實施例中揭示且結合下列隨附圖式進行之下列說明書可較好地理解本發明。 The present invention may be better understood by reference to the following description, which is disclosed in the preferred embodiments of the invention and taken in conjunction with the following accompanying drawings.
圖1示意性地展示根據一項實施例之磨擦帶之生產程序之不同階段中之一磨擦帶之一區段。 Figure 1 schematically shows a section of a friction belt in different stages of a production process for a friction belt according to an embodiment.
圖2示意性地展示根據一較佳實施例之磨擦帶之一剖面。 Figure 2 schematically shows a cross section of a friction belt according to a preferred embodiment.
圖3A及圖3B示意性地展示根據較佳實施例之呈一俯視圖之磨擦帶之結構之輪廓。 3A and 3B schematically show the outline of the structure of the friction belt in a top view according to the preferred embodiment.
圖4展示根據一較佳實施例之一編織圖案之一實例。 Figure 4 shows an example of a weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖5展示根據一較佳實施例之一編織圖案之另一實例。 Figure 5 shows another example of a weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖6展示根據一較佳實施例之一編織圖案之另一實例。 Figure 6 shows another example of a weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖7展示根據另一實施例之一編織圖案之另一實例。 Figure 7 shows another example of a weave pattern according to another embodiment.
圖8展示根據一較佳實施例之一增強編織圖案之一實例。 Figure 8 shows an example of a reinforced weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖9展示根據一較佳實施例之一增強編織圖案之一實例。 Figure 9 shows an example of a reinforced weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖10展示根據一較佳實施例之一增強編織圖案之另一實例。 Figure 10 shows another example of a reinforcing weave pattern according to a preferred embodiment.
圖11A至圖11C展示穿過研磨產品之切口之SEM影像。 11A-11C show SEM images of cuts through an abrasive product.
應藉由實例而非藉由限制解釋描述及隨附圖式。 The description and accompanying drawings should be interpreted by way of example and not by way of limitation.
在下文中，參考圖式詳細描述較佳實施例。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings.
圖1展示根據一實施例之一磨擦帶1之一區段。圖1中展示之不同層圖解說明其製程之不同階段中之磨擦帶1。如可從階段一推斷，磨擦帶1之紡織織物2包括複數根互連織物紗線20。較佳地，紡織織物2具有一編織紡織織物之形式，例如，可藉由經編在一紡織生產機器上生產該編織紡織織物。在階段二中，實際上藉由塗敷一浸塑30固定紡織織物2。在階段三中，浸塑之紡織織物2已塗佈有一塗層40。此外，已視需要藉由使用一適當接結系統塗敷磨擦材料或磨料50。藉此，形成一連貫磨擦面積60，其中磨料50均勻分佈在磨擦帶1上。階段三可被稱為在進一步轉換之前之最終前驅體階段且程序階段經實行以將材料轉換成一功能性磨擦產品。應注意，浸塑並非強制性且浸塑步驟亦可被省略。另外，磨料可直接塗敷至紡織織物或浸塑上，即，無任何塗層。
Figure 1 shows a section of a
織物紗線20之間之互連類型一般言之具有較小關聯，前提係如針對磨擦帶識別之相互矛盾要求可被實現：組合負載下之一小伸長與一開放結構及達成一均勻砂磨結果之能力。
The type of interconnection between the
為此，如可從圖2中之剖面圖推斷，織物紗線20在該等織物紗線20之互連點處之交叉數目較佳地貫穿紡織織物2均勻。明確言之，在圖2中，織物紗線20在互連點處之交叉數目係兩個。
For this reason, the number of crossings of the
此確保紗線20歸因於互連之局部富集受限。「紗線之富集」係指如下事實：在紡織織物2中，織物紗線20之一互連係必要的，以便產生一連貫且實際上穩定材料。不使縫線互連，將僅產生寬鬆織物紗線20，而將不產生紡織織物2。理論上及實際上，一經編或其他類型之紡織品需要每一縫線之一個互連點之一最小值。然而，當兩根以上織物紗線20交叉在此一互連點時，用於產生此一互連點之超過最小量之織物紗線20存在。因此，在互連點之位準與紡織織物2之其他部分相比時，涉及每一互連點之兩根以上織物紗線20之此等紗線交叉導致紡織織物2中之較小升高。
This ensures that local enrichment of the
貫穿紡織織物2之交叉之均勻數目確保磨擦帶1之一均勻高度，其較佳地為個別織物紗線20之直徑之1.5至5倍數量級。亦不希望特定表面積處於比其他表面更低的一位準，此係因為此將導致不均勻砂磨結果及砂磨表面上之條紋之形成。
The uniform number of intersections throughout the
圖3A及圖3B示意性地展示呈一俯視圖之磨擦帶之結構之輪廓。帶1之輪廓藉此與磨擦面積60本質上相同。如可從此圖解說明獲得，開口10相對於縱向方向M1高度對稱且垂直於該方向。此係較佳的，因為此等結構確保鄰近開口10之間之磨擦區域儘可能均勻，其繼而導致貫穿帶1之一規則且均勻分佈式磨擦面積60。換言之，此意指磨擦面積之局部密度(其可在每一單位面積之磨擦面積中進行量測)本質上貫穿磨擦帶1恆定(至少在該單位面積之長度標度上，其大於或等於兩個開口直徑)。
3A and 3B schematically show the outline of the structure of the friction belt in a top view. The profile of the
此外，開口10被配置在垂直於磨擦帶1之縱向方向M1之線L1、L2上且後續線L1、L2相對於其開口10之位置而彼此偏移。
Furthermore, the
此外，開口之寬度及兩個開口之間之區域(即，「連接區域」)之寬度在橫向上(即，在垂直於縱向方向之一方向上)具有相同數量級，其進一步促進一均勻砂磨飾面。例如，若開口之寬度係1.5mm，則連接區域之寬度可為0.3mm至5.0mm，其仍保證後續列之開口之一充分「重疊」。甚至更佳的將為連接區域之一寬度可針對1.5mm之開口之一寬度而在1mm至2.0mm之間。 Furthermore, the width of the opening and the width of the area between the two openings (ie, the "connection area") are of the same order in the transverse direction (ie, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction), which further promotes a uniform sanding finish noodle. For example, if the width of the opening is 1.5 mm, the width of the connecting region may be 0.3 mm to 5.0 mm, which still ensures that one of the openings in the subsequent row "overlaps" sufficiently. Even better would be that a width of the connecting area could be between 1 mm and 2.0 mm for a width of the opening of 1.5 mm.
互連織物紗線20之股或束21(其分離鄰近開口10)以相對於縱向方向M1之一給定角度行進。紗線之術語「束」應指代在織物紗線於紡織織物中行進時由織物紗線所描述之整體形狀或方向。相應地，織物紗線20之束21將形成彼此從在帶1之縱向方向上交叉連接點之一平面所見之鏡像(圖3)。在圖3A及圖3B中呈現針對開口之諸如此類幾何之實例，其中圖3A展示本質上等邊四邊形開口10且圖3B展示本質上六邊形開口10。
The strands or
針對圖3A及圖3B中圖解說明之對稱開口10之磨擦面積60之均勻性可藉由開口10之兩條連續線之磨擦面積在垂直於縱向方向之一線上之一虛擬投射而進一步例證，其將在兩個情況中高度均勻且需要一良好「砂磨面積平衡」。因此，砂磨面積平衡可被看作針對圖案之一個重複內(即，在兩條連續線L1、L2內)之磨擦面積之實際面積之偏差的一量測。
The uniformity of the
在此點上，等邊開口10可提供一砂磨面積平衡，若縱向方向係如圖3A及圖3B中指示般，則該砂磨面積平衡如就六邊形開口10而言甚至更好。在單一六邊形開口10之間之互連點在該情況中應保持儘可能短，此係因為此等區域將破壞塗佈有磨料50之區域之間之砂磨面積平衡。
In this regard, the
關於束21，每一束21之織物紗線20的數目宜為兩根，此係因為此確保帶1之一均勻厚度。
With regard to the
若紡織織物係由編織紗線形成，則較佳編織圖案係展示於圖4及圖5中。在圖6中圖解說明另一較佳編織圖案。 If the woven fabric is formed from woven yarns, the preferred weave pattern is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 . Another preferred weave pattern is illustrated in FIG. 6 .
首先參考圖4及圖5，一個可行結構係基於具有開放(圖4)或閉合緞紋接結(圖5)之一紡織織物。 Referring first to Figures 4 and 5, one possible structure is based on a woven fabric with an open (Figure 4) or closed satin joint (Figure 5).
術語「開放緞紋接結」係指在一經編機器上於兩個或兩個以上之列上行進之一編織圖案。據此，在縫線之間引發一方向改變的中間縫線可為開放、閉合或其之一組合。一開放縫線圖案係(例如)基於下列經編結構類型：1-0/1-2/2-3/2-1//(圖4)。藉此記號1-0/1-2/2-3/2-1//係根據ISO 8388：1998標準(第76頁，「B4鏈接符號(B4 Chain Notation」))之記號。 The term "open satin tie" refers to a weave pattern running in two or more rows on a warp knitting machine. Accordingly, the intermediate sutures that induce a change in direction between the sutures can be open, closed, or a combination thereof. An open stitch pattern is based, for example, on the following warp knit construction types: 1-0/1-2/2-3/2-1// (FIG. 4). Hereby the notation 1-0/1-2/2-3/2-1// is a notation according to the ISO 8388:1998 standard (page 76, "B4 Chain Notation").
術語「閉合緞紋接結」同樣係指編織圖案中之方向改變之間的中間縫線。對比開放緞紋接結之實例，一閉合緞紋接結遵循(例如)下列編織結構類型：0-1/2-1/3-2/1-2//(圖5)。 The term "closed satin tie" also refers to the intermediate seams between changes of direction in the weave pattern. In contrast to the example of an open satin junction, a closed satin junction follows, for example, the following weave structure types: 0-1/2-1/3-2/1-2// (FIG. 5).
就一緞紋接結而言，互連紗線20之束21一般可被看作相對於帶1之縱向方向M1傾斜突出。
For a satin weave, the
宜使用一雙列緞紋結構。就此而言，列數係指在編織行進至相反方向上之前行進至一個方向上的縫線數目。另一定義係涉及圖案之重複高度。在此情況中，列數等於一半的重複高度。例如，就四之一緞紋重複高度而言，列數因此等於二。在此內容脈絡中，可使用術語「緯圈(course)」，其在經編領域中係指所需縫線數目，直至待編織圖案開始自身重複為止。因此，具有四之一重複高度之一圖案需要四個緯圈，直至下一重複開始為止。 A double row satin structure should be used. In this regard, the number of columns refers to the number of stitches that travel in one direction before the knitting travels in the opposite direction. Another definition relates to the repeat height of the pattern. In this case, the number of columns is equal to half the repeat height. For example, for a satin repeat height of four, the number of columns is thus equal to two. In this context, the term "course" may be used, which in the field of warp knitting refers to the number of stitches required until the pattern to be knitted begins to repeat itself. Thus, a pattern with a repeat height of four requires four weft turns until the next repeat begins.
基於兩列的結構提供等邊四邊形的開口10。相應地，經定位於紡織織物2中之開口10中間的所有表面具有完全相同的面積。此確保貫穿磨擦帶1之磨擦面積之一均勻分佈。同時，互連點處織物紗線20之富集可保持為低。此外，開口10係配置在垂直於磨擦帶1之縱向方
向M1的線L1、L2中，且後續線相對於其開口10的位置彼此偏移。因此，當用作一磨擦帶1時，此等結構將提供貫穿整個砂磨表面之一相等移除速率。繼而，可避免工件上之條紋或類似結構之形成。
An equilateral
此外，開口10在縱向方向M1上伸長，其對於紡織織物對縱向方向M1上之伸長的一般抗性有益。
Furthermore, the
接結方向宜針對每根針交替。接結在此結構中以每一第二針於相同方向上行進，且亦可使用具有兩個以上列(像(例如)三個、四個或四個以上列)之一緞紋方眼接結(atlas filet binding)，但此等結構更傾向於在工件上引發條紋。 The splicing direction should alternate for each needle. The tie runs in the same direction with every second stitch in this configuration, and a satin square eye tie with more than two rows (like (for example) three, four, or more rows) can also be used (atlas filet binding), but these structures tend to cause streaks on the workpiece.
如提及，針對一較佳編織圖案之另一實例係如圖6中展示之凸紋縫線。藉此，凸紋縫線可形成具有與先前提及之雙列緞紋結構中類似之四邊形開口10之一網狀結構(參見圖6)。
As mentioned, another example for a preferred weave pattern is a relief stitch as shown in FIG. 6 . Thereby, the relief stitching can form a mesh structure with
此一結構將遵循(例如)類型1-0/2-3//之一搭接圖案(圖6)。再者，此圖案將導致擁有互連點中紗線之一低富集之一結構，諸如先前描述之緞紋接結。 Such a structure would follow, for example, a lap pattern of type 1-0/2-3// (FIG. 6). Again, this pattern will result in a structure having a low enrichment of one of the yarns in the interconnection point, such as the satin knots described previously.
如圖4至圖6中展示之結構之具有織物紗線20之低富集之結構將因而允許織物紗線20在紡織織物2之前側及背側上儘可能處於一類似高度位準，其對於磨擦帶之許多應用係較佳的。在此情況中，紡織織物2之前側將攜載磨擦材料50且該紡織織物2之背側將儘可能均勻地承受並分配來自襯背器件之壓力。
A structure with a low enrichment of
亦對於凸紋縫線而言，開口10高度對稱且鄰近開口之間之磨擦面積貫穿磨擦帶1高度均勻。此外，鄰近開口10在帶1之縱向方向M1上相對於彼此偏移。此將確保一砂磨結果，該結果並不在砂磨製品上造成條紋。
Also for relief sutures, the
雖然已利用緞紋接結及凸紋縫線描述兩個較佳編織圖案，但應注意，本發明並不限於此等結構。其他編織圖案亦可能適於達成在機
械穩定性、帶之針對灰塵及其他微粒之穿透性及一均勻砂磨結果方面之所要性質。在圖7中展示一個額外實例，其中展示類型10/12/10/12/23/34/45/43/45/43/32/21//之一經編結構。相應地，產生具有較小灰塵提取能力但在縱向方向上具有極高機械強度之一更加閉合產品。然而，砂磨結果相比於前述結構可能更不均勻。
Although two preferred weave patterns have been described with satin knots and raised stitching, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these configurations. Other weave patterns may also be suitable to achieve on-machine
Desirable properties in terms of mechanical stability, penetration of the belt against dust and other particles, and a uniform sanding result. An additional example is shown in Figure 7, where a warp knitted structure of
原則上適當之紡織織物在ISO 8388中定義且包括緯編平針式織物、緯編雙層平針式織物、緯編羅紋式織物、緯編反針式織物、經編平針式織物、經編雙層平針式織物、經編羅紋式織物、經編反針式織物、組合經編及緯編平針式織物及其他。 In principle suitable textile fabrics are defined in ISO 8388 and include weft knitted jersey, weft double jersey, weft rib, weft reverse knit, warp jersey, warp double Plain knitted fabrics, warp knitted ribbed fabrics, warp knitted reverse knitted fabrics, combined warp and weft knitted jersey fabrics and others.
亦可設想將開口之圖案及形狀轉印至其他基礎材料，像機織紡織織物或甚至紙張襯背及膜。此外，亦可製造具有各種穿線之結構以達成不同開口尺寸及開口與磨擦面積之間之表面積比率。 It is also envisaged to transfer the pattern and shape of the openings to other base materials like woven textile fabrics or even paper backings and films. In addition, structures with various threads can also be fabricated to achieve different opening sizes and surface area ratios between openings and friction areas.
為進一步促進機械穩定性，及特定言之紡織織物2對拉緊時縱向方向上之一伸長之抗性，較佳將一增強鑲嵌物或大致增強體整合至帶1中。較佳地，此等鑲嵌物由穿入帶1之結構中之增強紗線25組成。
In order to further promote the mechanical stability, and in particular the resistance of the
較佳地，一柱形縫線或一鑲嵌物可經整合為縱向方向上之增強體。圖8展示藉由增強紗線25增強之一可行編織結構之一實例。藉此，以暗色展示增強紗線25。藉由實例，圖8中展示之增強紗線25穿入一雙列緞紋接結中。所得結構擁有具有連接點中之最小紗線富集之主要四邊形開口。一柱形縫線針對紡織織物之縱向增強之使用導致此特定結構中之紗線之一額外富集。
Preferably, a cylindrical suture or an inlay can be integrated as reinforcement in the longitudinal direction. FIG. 8 shows one example of a possible braided structure reinforced by reinforcing
增強紗線25之一鑲嵌物至一緞紋結構中之一較佳整合由如圖8中所展示在兩個列上行進之一開放或閉合柱形縫線之使用組成。在此一構形中，類型1-0/0-1//或0-1/1-0//之增強柱形縫線將沿著緞紋接結之大致方向突出，且因此將不導致開口之一部分覆蓋。換言之，增強紗線大體上遵循互連織物紗線束。此增強體亦藉由縫線以如下方式穿入
基礎接結中：其藉由縫線機械接結於基礎紡織織物且因此僅允許一特定、受限可拉伸性(圖8)。
A preferred integration of an inlay of reinforcing
簡單地說，亦可以各種不同方式增強上述緞紋結構以便減小其沿著紡織織物2之編織方向之伸長。在圖9中展示一個其他實例，其中藉由0-0/1-1//之一鑲嵌物接結增強圖4之緞紋接結。另外，在具有一雙列網狀結構之一緞紋結構中，加上鑲嵌物之開放或閉合縫線0-0/0-0//亦適於減小沿著紡織織物之編織方向之伸長。然而，此一增強類型可能導致紡織品中之開口之部分覆蓋。另一類型之增強係併入將更接近地遵循緞紋接結之結構之類型1-1/0-0之一鑲嵌物。
In short, the above-mentioned satin structure can also be reinforced in various ways in order to reduce its elongation along the weaving direction of the woven
亦對於凸紋接結而言，可整合一柱形縫線以便改良材料之機械性質。在圖10中展示一實例，其中應用類型1-0/0-1//或0-1/1-0//之一柱形縫線。 Also for relief joints, a cylindrical stitch can be integrated in order to improve the mechanical properties of the material. An example is shown in FIG. 10 where a cylindrical suture of type 1-0/0-1// or 0-1/1-0// is applied.
使用一柱形縫線之一替代例係使用一鑲嵌物紗線，其透過材料沿著縱向方向突出且導致與先前描述之柱形縫線增強類似之一增強。 An alternative to using a cylindrical suture is to use an inlay yarn that protrudes through the material in the longitudinal direction and results in a reinforcement similar to the previously described cylindrical suture reinforcement.
值得注意的是，嵌入作為一鑲嵌物、一經紗或作為一編織柱形縫線之紗線在施加縱向力時導致機械移位之極低值。但如描述之結構傾向於在橫向方向上拉伸。此境況可用於在浸塑程序期間藉由拉伸紡織織物2控制該紡織織物2中之開口10之尺寸及形狀且允許材料中之更大或更小開口10之形成。
Notably, the insertion of yarns as an inlay, a warp, or as a braided cylindrical stitch resulted in extremely low values of mechanical displacement when longitudinal force was applied. However, structures as described tend to stretch in the transverse direction. This situation can be used to control the size and shape of the
經嵌入編織結構、鑲嵌物紗線或增強紗線25需為足夠細的，以便避免最終紡織織物表面中之高度差之產生，且同時足夠強以經受張力。
The inlaid woven structure, inlay yarns or
較佳地，增強紗線25具有約0.05至2.00mm之一最大厚度。更佳地，厚度係在0.1至0.5mm之範圍中。相對於基礎紡織織物2之織物紗線20之厚度，約1：1至20：1之基礎織物紗線對增強紗線之一厚度比可適用，其中10：1至2：1之一範圍在多數情況中較佳。在增強紗線25具有此
一厚度之情況下，可確保紡織織物2之均勻高度分佈未過多地受增強紗線25之整合的影響。
Preferably, the reinforcing
在此內容脈絡中，應注意，可在一稍後處理步驟中重新平衡小的高度差。此可包含(例如)在磨擦製品之塗佈期間，列印技術或許可適用(諸如網版列印、噴墨、凹板滾塗及類似者)以便以如下之一方式塗敷一塗層：使磨擦製品50能夠以此等僅佔據紡織織物之一定義面積之一方式散播。另外，可藉由一磨擦或砂磨程序加工經塗佈表面以便獲得一均勻表面飾面。如此，可在塗佈程序期間補償浸塑紡織織物結構之砂磨面積平衡之一不平等。
In this context, it should be noted that small height differences can be rebalanced in a later processing step. This may include, for example, during coating of abrasive articles, printing techniques may be applicable (such as screen printing, ink jet, gravure, and the like) to apply a coating in one of the following ways: The
同樣適用於塗敷於帶之背側上之一兼性第二塗層(未展示)。相應地，該第二塗層可用於調平帶之「背側」(即，不與工件接觸之側)。 The same applies to an amphoteric second coating (not shown) applied on the backside of the tape. Accordingly, the second coating can be used to level the "back side" of the belt (ie, the side that is not in contact with the workpiece).
用於磨擦帶1之基礎紡織織物2之織物紗線20以及增強紗線25通常為聚酯或聚醯胺歸因於其適當拉伸性質及低成本之捲曲變形或扁平紗線。然而，基於天然纖維(諸如棉、麻或類似纖維)之紗線亦可為適當的。更一般言之，此包含基於可用於紡織織物之基礎結構或增強體之合成或天然纖維之所謂的人造短纖維或複絲紗線的使用。亦可視需要使用單一或合股紗線之加撚紗。在應以一特定方式拉伸紡織織物時(例如，在期望開口之形狀變成一特殊形狀時)，彈性紗線可能可適用於特定應用。
The
術語「捲曲變形紗線」(一般被稱為DTY(牽伸捲曲變形紗線))係一複絲紗線，已藉由熱或機械方法或其組合以盤繞、捲縮或圈結紗絲之一方式處理該紗線。存在可應用之各種捲曲變形方法，諸如空氣捲曲變形、刀刃捲曲變形、假撚摩擦捲曲變形、填塞箱捲曲變形或齒輪捲縮紗線。 The term "crimped textured yarn" (commonly referred to as DTY (Draw Texturized Yarn)) is a multifilament yarn that has been coiled, crimped or looped by thermal or mechanical means or a combination thereof. The yarn is processed in one way. There are various texturing methods that can be applied, such as air texturing, knife edge texturing, false twist friction texturing, stuffer box texturing, or gear crimping the yarn.
術語「扁平紗線」一般以縮寫FDY指稱，其係所謂的全牽伸紗線。此FDY可為基於單絲或複絲之各種組合類型。此等紗線就其外觀 而言亦可為明亮、半消光或全消光，其為最常見類型。然而，紗線之各種形狀、細絲及其剖面亦可用，其中可(例如)為圓形、三葉形、多邊類型或具有任何其他類型之形狀。 The term "flat yarn" is generally referred to by the abbreviation FDY, which is a so-called fully drawn yarn. This FDY can be based on various combinations of monofilament or multifilament. Such yarns are It can also be bright, semi-matt or fully matt, which are the most common types. However, various shapes of yarns, filaments and cross-sections thereof are also available, which may for example be circular, trilobal, polygonal type or have any other type of shape.
任一類型之紗線(諸如捲曲變形或扁平紗線)除了其捲曲變形之類型、或形狀及外觀之外，此外亦可經加撚。「加撚」係指將紗線變成兩個不同方向，其一般被稱為「S」及「Z」方向。此等加撚之方向僅係指在其上加撚紗線之方向；使得「S」及「Z」加撚紗類似於彼此之鏡像。紗線之此加撚在多數情況中幾乎不具有與經編之任何技術關聯，但導致最終紡織織物中之不同光學效果。 Yarns of any type, such as texturized or flat yarns, may also be twisted in addition to the type of texturing, or shape and appearance. "Twisting" refers to turning the yarn into two different directions, commonly referred to as the "S" and "Z" directions. The directions of these twists refer only to the direction in which the yarns are twisted; such that the "S" and "Z" twisted yarns resemble mirror images of each other. This twisting of the yarn has hardly any technical relevance to warp knitting in most cases, but results in different optical effects in the final textile fabric.
用於基礎紡織織物2之織物紗線20以及增強紗線25可為單絲或複絲紗線。
The
術語「單絲紗線」係指由材料之一單絲建置之一人造、連續細紗。如(例如)20 dtex之一特定厚度之一紗線並不被分離成其他子結構，而是由唯一一根細絲組成。因此，一複絲紗線對比一單絲紗線而由數個子結構(細絲)組成。據此，可藉由組成紗線之細絲數目區分紗線。作為一實例，一20 dtex複絲紗線可由(例如)兩根或兩根以上細絲組成。 The term "monofilament yarn" refers to a man-made, continuous spun yarn constructed from a monofilament of one material. A yarn of a certain thickness such as (for example) 20 dtex is not separated into other substructures, but consists of a single filament. Thus, a multifilament yarn consists of several substructures (filaments) in contrast to a monofilament yarn. Accordingly, yarns can be distinguished by the number of filaments that make up the yarns. As an example, a 20 dtex multifilament yarn may consist of, for example, two or more filaments.
一「合股紗線」通常由複絲紗線組成，複絲紗線可為加撚或無撚紗線、捲曲變形或非捲曲變形紗線，以及混合或非混合紗線。然而通常撚紗並非混合的。接著，此等先前描述之單紗可在下文中結合在一起以形成被稱為合股之一新的、較粗紗線。因此，此一合股紗線由已合股在一起之至少兩根或兩根以上單紗組成。 A "plied yarn" typically consists of multifilament yarns, which can be twisted or untwisted, texturized or non-textured, and mixed or unmixed. Usually, however, twisted yarns are not mixed. These previously described single yarns can then be joined together hereinafter to form a new, thicker yarn called a ply. Thus, such a plied yarn consists of at least two or more single yarns that have been plied together.
術語「天然纖維」係指具有再生源中之一起源之纖維。此等係指纖維形成材料，諸如棉、麻、羊毛、絲綢或從植物或動物直接獲得之類似材料。 The term "natural fiber" refers to a fiber having an origin from one of the regenerative sources. These refer to fibre-forming materials such as cotton, hemp, wool, silk or similar materials obtained directly from plants or animals.
術語「人造纖維」係指除天然纖維外之所有其他纖維。可從石 化產品、生物基聚合物或有機原料合成地產生人造纖維。再生纖維係人造纖維下之一個子群。該等纖維係由天然材料(像植物)藉由經歷化學及機械程序製成。此等類型之纖維係(例如)由纖維素製成之纖維膠、竹子及莫代爾型紗線。合成纖維可由石化產品(例如，聚酯、乙酸乙烯酯、尼龍、芳族聚酰胺及碳)製成。此類別亦包含化學改質之纖維形成材料及由生物基構建組塊之聚合物(像(例如)乳酸、胺基酸或基於環氧丙烷之材料)製造之纖維。 The term "man-made fibers" refers to all fibers other than natural fibers. Available from stone Synthetic production of man-made fibers from chemical products, bio-based polymers or organic feedstocks. Regenerated fibers are a subgroup of man-made fibers. These fibers are made from natural materials (like plants) by undergoing chemical and mechanical processes. Fibers of these types are, for example, viscose, bamboo and modal type yarns made from cellulose. Synthetic fibers can be made from petrochemicals such as polyester, vinyl acetate, nylon, aramid, and carbon. This category also includes chemically modified fiber-forming materials and fibers made from bio-based building blocks of polymers such as, for example, lactic acid, amino acids, or propylene oxide-based materials.
一磨擦帶1之另一重要性質可為最終磨擦產品之導電性，其可包含碳纖維或提供導電性質之類似材料之紗線之併入。此等經修改紗線之實例係塗佈金屬之紗線或具有一導電芯或經其他處理處理之紗線。
Another important property of a
此並不排除基礎紡織織物2甚至可單獨地由碳或其他導電紗線構成。為達成一高導電材料，此自然地亦應應用於用於紡織織物之浸塑之樹脂之方面。該樹脂亦可含有導電元素(諸如碳、金屬、金屬離子及類似者)，以便達成紡織基礎及樹脂浸塑之複合物之導電性質。
This does not exclude that the
用於基於紡織品之帶之其他可能紗線之實例包含超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)、聚丙烯(PP)及芳族聚酰胺紗線之纖維。此等可用於紡織織物之基礎結構或單獨用於材料之增強。 Examples of other possible yarns for textile based tapes include fibers of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polypropylene (PP) and aramid yarns. These can be used in the base structure of textile fabrics or alone in reinforcement of materials.
扁平或捲曲變形紗線之厚度可取決於如襯背材料之紡織織物之所要拉伸及伸長值，以及磨擦顆粒之所要尺寸或最終產品之最終用途而從5 dtex變化至4000 dtex。單位「dtex」依據定義係紗線之每10,000m以克表示之重量。針對緞紋基紗之一典型厚度係在150至900 dtex之間且針對增強紗線之一典型厚度係在15至450 dtex之間。 The thickness of the flat or texturized yarn can vary from 5 dtex to 4000 dtex depending on the desired stretch and elongation values of the textile fabric such as the backing material, as well as the desired size of the abrasive particles or the end use of the final product. The unit "dtex" is by definition the weight of the yarn in grams per 10,000m. A typical thickness is between 150 and 900 dtex for one of the satin base yarns and between 15 and 450 dtex for one of the reinforcing yarns.
在一編織結構曝露於縱向方向上之力時(即使藉由增強紗線增強)，此可導致一小但仍非所要伸長。若紡織織物2在磨料之塗敷之前在材料充滿一樹脂或塗佈有塗層或第二塗層時已曝露於縱向拉伸，則此可被避免。歸因於紡織織物在浸塑期間之此拉伸，在張力下設定機
械可移位部分。結果，紗線在浸塑30/塗層40經固化時仍處於應變下且紡織織物2可較好地經受縱向力且此外減少拉伸。
This can result in a small but still undesired elongation when a woven structure is exposed to forces in the longitudinal direction, even if reinforced by reinforcing yarns. This can be avoided if the
此外，可在浸塑30之最終固化之後控制紡織織物2在一橫向方向上之可拉伸性。據此，紡織織物2之一更廣泛拉伸將導致較大開口10之形成，但亦將在完成固化之後減少浸塑材料之橫向伸長。浸塑期間之此一更廣泛拉伸在材料用作一磨擦帶時防止最終紡織織物2在橫向方向上過度拉伸，此係因為在其使用期間橫向力亦可出現(儘管橫向方向上之力通常具有比出現在縱向方向上之力顯著更低的量值)。
Furthermore, the stretchability of the
不同類型之浸塑30及塗層40可塗敷於紡織織物2。同樣適用於在帶之背側上之第二塗層。用於浸塑及塗層之樹脂之類型可由如EP 0 779 851中描述之酚醛、尿素或乳膠以及其共混物組成。可藉由以下方法塗佈帶：使用輥塗、噴塗、幕塗；列印方法(諸如網版列印或凹板輥)、轉印箔或導致被稱為製作及尺寸塗層(make-and size-coat)之塗層之類似方法。進一步，再者，輻射可固化浸塑樹脂(諸如環氧化物、丙烯酸酯或類似樹脂)亦可被塗敷。再者熱可固化環氧樹脂、丙烯酸酯、異氰化物或類似樹脂及其混合物可用於紡織織物之機械穩定化。該等樹脂可包含填料及添加劑，諸如表面活性物質(像脂肪酸乙氧基化物)、填料或各種類型(諸如纖維、氫氧化鋁、高嶺土、碳酸鈣、滑石及類似者)。
Different types of
帶1之紡織織物2可此外經受像亦在EP 0 779 851中描述之來自紡織品之技術前側或背側之任何類型之表面修改。
The
磨擦面積60可在相同或單獨程序中散播或塗佈有磨擦製品50(諸如各種類型之碳化矽、氧化鋁或其混合物(諸如褐色、粉色、白色或高溫處理物種))。據此，高效能磨料(諸如塗佈有陶瓷或類似顆粒以及金剛石、CBN或一般被稱為超磨料之其他微粒)亦可被塗敷。
圖11A、圖11B及圖11C展示穿過浸塑織物之剖面之一切口之SEM 影像。切口垂直於織物之先前定義之縱向方向且同時垂直於前側及背側延伸。 Figures 11A, 11B and 11C show SEMs of a cut through a section of the dipped fabric image. The cuts extend perpendicular to the previously defined longitudinal direction of the fabric and at the same time perpendicular to the front and back sides.
在原始SEM影像(圖11A及圖11B)中，織物紗線可輕易地與周圍浸塑樹脂區分。圖11B展示一橫切面，其在切斷之前嵌入至一「模具樹脂」(其與實際產品無關且僅應用於成像目的)中以便達成一平面切口且可能藉由攝影分析方法判定織物紗線與周圍浸塑樹脂之間之面積比。模具樹脂之周圍面積據此被考慮且從總剖面面積減少。 In the original SEM images (FIGS. 11A and 11B), the fabric yarns can be easily distinguished from the surrounding dip resin. Figure 11B shows a cross-section that is embedded in a "mold resin" (which has nothing to do with the actual product and is only used for imaging purposes) before severing in order to achieve a plane cut and possibly by photographic analysis to determine the difference between the fabric yarn and the The area ratio between the surrounding dipping resins. The surrounding area of the mold resin is thus considered and reduced from the total cross-sectional area.
為計算紗線與浸塑樹脂之體積分數比，對縱向方向上之數個重複切口(>5)執行相同分析以便獲得一統計相關結果。 To calculate the volume fraction ratio of yarn to impregnating resin, the same analysis was performed on several repeated cuts (>5) in the longitudinal direction in order to obtain a statistically relevant result.
手動或藉助於一影像辨識演算法識別纖維且提取像素之相關聯數目(圖11C)。在圖11C中展示用於提取紗線面積之像素數目之影像。一類似著色或色彩倒轉圖片用來判定由浸塑樹脂覆蓋之像素之面積。來自紗線表面之像素數目因而與產品之切口表面之像素之總數目或浸塑樹脂之像素數目相關。 Fibers are identified manually or with the aid of an image recognition algorithm and the associated number of pixels is extracted (FIG. 11C). An image of the number of pixels used to extract the yarn area is shown in Figure 11C. A similarly colored or color-reversed picture was used to determine the area of the pixel covered by the dipping resin. The number of pixels from the yarn surface is thus related to the total number of pixels of the cut surface of the product or the number of pixels of the impregnating resin.
藉由針對統計上數目足夠之切口計算織物紗線相對於浸塑樹脂之平均分數之平均面積分數，此可被當作紗線與浸塑樹脂之間之一體積比。在展示於圖11A至圖11C中之實例中，織物紗線對浸塑樹脂之體積分數總計約1.7，且對應地織物紗線對產品之總體積(不包含開口)之體積分數係約0.6。 This can be taken as a volume ratio between yarn and impregnating resin by calculating the average area fraction of fabric yarn relative to the average fraction of impregnating resin for a statistically sufficient number of cuts. In the example shown in Figures 11A-11C, the volume fraction of the fabric yarn to the impregnating resin totals about 1.7, and correspondingly the volume fraction of the fabric yarn to the total volume of the product (excluding openings) is about 0.6.
亦可藉由在固化之後使織物之重量與浸塑織物之重量相關而判定織物及浸塑織物之重量分數比。此比率處於0.05與0.9之間，而其較佳地處於0.1與0.7之間且甚至更佳地處於0.2與0.4之間。可在此等比率內形成具有足夠機械性質之一磨擦帶。 The weight fraction ratio of fabric to dipped fabric can also be determined by correlating the weight of the fabric to the weight of the dipped fabric after curing. This ratio is between 0.05 and 0.9, while it is preferably between 0.1 and 0.7 and even more preferably between 0.2 and 0.4. A friction belt with sufficient mechanical properties can be formed within these ratios.
同時，特定量之樹脂確保源於紡織織物襯背之不規則性(就織物紗線之富集點而言)可被平衡。 At the same time, the specific amount of resin ensures that irregularities originating from the textile fabric backing (in terms of enrichment points of the fabric yarns) can be balanced.
雖然在上述實例中已研究其中僅浸塑樹脂存在之一樣本，但上 述分析可同樣適用於(額外)塗佈之產品。在該情況中，值係織物紗線對樹脂之對應體積/重量比，其中樹脂分數因而由浸塑樹脂加上塗層或僅塗層形成。 Although a sample in which only the dip resin is present has been investigated in the above examples, the above The analysis described can also be applied to (additionally) coated products. In this case, the value is the corresponding volume/weight ratio of fabric yarn to resin, where the resin fraction is thus formed by the dip resin plus the coating or only the coating.
甚至更一般言之，若額外組分存在，則上述分析將導致織物紗線對整體產品(不包含開口)之體積/重量及/或對塗敷塗層及其組合之體積/重量比。 Even more generally, if additional components are present, the above analysis will result in a volume/weight ratio of fabric yarn to overall product (excluding openings) and/or to applied coating and combinations thereof.
要求針對磨擦帶之要求。上文描述之實施例允許顆粒之一均勻分佈以及允許一適當灰塵移除及足夠抗拉性質。此外，開放結構在特定類型之帶砂磨機器中非常有用，其中帶之透明度賦予機器操作者控制砂磨程序之一顯著較佳可能性，像(例如)就衝程砂磨機而言。 Requirements for friction belts. The embodiments described above allow for a uniform distribution of particles as well as for a proper dust removal and sufficient tensile properties. Furthermore, the open structure is very useful in certain types of belt sanding machines where the transparency of the belt gives the machine operator a significantly better possibility to control the sanding procedure, like for example in the case of stroke sanders.
1‧‧‧磨擦帶 1‧‧‧friction belt
2‧‧‧紡織織物 2‧‧‧Textiles
10‧‧‧開口 10‧‧‧Opening
20‧‧‧織物紗線 20‧‧‧Fabric Yarn
21‧‧‧股或束 21‧‧‧ strands or bundles
30‧‧‧浸塑 30‧‧‧Dipping
40‧‧‧塗層 40‧‧‧Coating
50‧‧‧磨擦材料/磨料 50‧‧‧Abrasive Materials/Abrasives
60‧‧‧磨擦面積 60‧‧‧Friction area
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