TWI761402B - LNG charging equipment - Google Patents
LNG charging equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI761402B TWI761402B TW106142674A TW106142674A TWI761402B TW I761402 B TWI761402 B TW I761402B TW 106142674 A TW106142674 A TW 106142674A TW 106142674 A TW106142674 A TW 106142674A TW I761402 B TWI761402 B TW I761402B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- natural gas
- liquefied natural
- insulating layer
- heat insulating
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，由於準備槽15的隔熱層15c的厚度係被設定為在達到設計極限壓力之前能結束自槽車TL朝儲藏槽1卸出之程度的厚度t，因此能抑制隔熱層15c的厚度t，從而可將準備槽15小型化。此外，由於準備槽15的隔熱層15c為常壓，所以可毋需定期的保養。 In the LNG filling facility of the present invention, since the thickness of the heat insulating layer 15c of the preparation tank 15 is set to a thickness t such that the discharge from the tank car TL to the storage tank 1 can be completed before reaching the design limit pressure, it is possible to suppress the The thickness t of the heat insulating layer 15c allows the preparation tank 15 to be miniaturized. In addition, since the heat insulating layer 15c of the preparation tank 15 is at normal pressure, regular maintenance is not required.
Description
本發明係關於一種具備儲藏供給於消費設備的液化天然氣之儲藏槽的液化天然氣充填設備，尤其關於自槽車朝儲藏槽內卸出液化天然氣時，儲藏用以對槽車內進行升壓的液化天然氣的準備槽的構造。 The present invention relates to a liquefied natural gas filling facility having a storage tank for storing liquefied natural gas supplied to consumer equipment, and in particular to storage of liquefied natural gas for boosting the pressure in the tank car when the liquefied natural gas is discharged from the tank car into the storage tank. Construction of the preparation tank for natural gas.
較小規模的液化天然氣充填設備，係自槽車接受液化天然氣的卸出且儲藏於儲藏槽，然後，利用汽化器將儲藏槽內的液化天然氣汽化後供給於消費設備。自槽車朝儲藏槽內的卸出，通常係藉由自加壓蒸發器將液化天然氣形成為高壓後送入槽車，使槽車的槽內壓力較儲藏槽高，然後利用藉此產生的壓力差而進行。於槽車的槽內壓力為0.5~0.6MPa，且消費設備為工業爐用與鍋爐用燃燒器的情況下，供給壓力為0.2MPa左右，儲藏槽的內壓通常也與此壓力相同。 Small-scale LNG filling equipment receives the discharge of LNG from a tanker and stores it in a storage tank, and then uses a vaporizer to vaporize the LNG in the storage tank and supplies it to consumer equipment. The unloading from the tanker to the storage tank is usually formed by the self-pressurizing evaporator to form the liquefied natural gas into a high pressure and then send it to the tanker, so that the pressure in the tanker is higher than that of the storage tank, and then use the generated gas. pressure difference. When the pressure in the tank of the tanker is 0.5~0.6MPa, and the consumer equipment is burners for industrial furnaces and boilers, the supply pressure is about 0.2MPa, and the internal pressure of the storage tank is usually the same as this pressure.
於加壓蒸發器未被搭載於槽車的情況下，在液化天然氣充填設備側設置槽車用加壓蒸發器。朝此加壓蒸發器供給的液化天然氣，通常自槽車供給，且使以加壓蒸發器進行汽化後的液化天然氣返回槽車內而使槽內升壓，藉此，自槽車卸出液化天然氣。 When the pressurized evaporator is not mounted on the tanker, the pressurized evaporator for the tanker is installed on the side of the liquefied natural gas filling facility. The liquefied natural gas supplied to the pressurized evaporator is usually supplied from a tank car, and the liquefied natural gas vaporized by the pressurized evaporator is returned to the tank car to increase the pressure in the tank, thereby discharging the liquefied natural gas from the tank car. natural gas.
然而，於此方法中，需要連接加壓用LNG輸液配管、加壓氣體返回配管、LNG輸液配管的三根配管，若還包含前後的閥操作．淨化操作等，則卸出作業勢必變得極為複雜。因此，實用上採用一種具備準備槽的液化天然氣充填設備(例如，參照專利文獻1)，該準備槽係預先儲藏注入槽車用加壓蒸發器的液化天然氣。 However, in this method, it is necessary to connect three pipes of the LNG infusion pipe for pressurization, the pressurized gas return pipe, and the LNG infusion pipe, and the valve operation before and after is also included. Purification operation, etc., the unloading operation is bound to become extremely complicated. Therefore, a liquefied natural gas filling facility (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) having a preparation tank for preliminarily storing the liquefied natural gas injected into the pressurized evaporator for a tank car is used practically.
於此方式中，當需要自槽車卸出時，只要自儲藏槽對準備槽內注入輸送至加壓蒸發器的液化天然氣即可。因此，由於不需要用以自槽車朝加壓蒸發器輸送液化天然氣的配管，因而能簡化每次連接及/或分離配管的作業。 In this method, when it needs to be unloaded from the tanker, it is only necessary to inject the liquefied natural gas sent to the pressurized evaporator from the storage tank to the preparation tank. Therefore, since the piping for conveying liquefied natural gas from the tanker to the pressurized evaporator is not required, the work of connecting and/or disconnecting the piping each time can be simplified.
專利文獻1 日本國專利第4562673號公報
然而，此準備槽為了與儲藏槽同樣地能儲藏極低溫的液化天然氣，需要作成高隔熱構造。普通的高隔熱構造，係與儲藏槽相同而為金屬雙層構造，且於內槽與外槽之間充填有珍珠岩(Perlite)等隔熱材料。於將被如此構成的隔熱層設為常壓，且僅充填乾燥空氣的代替氣體、即氮氣與隔熱材料而確保隔熱性能的情況下，其厚度會達到500mm~800mm。因此，與可儲藏於準備槽的液化天然氣的容量比較，隔熱材料的量相對地變得更 多，因而存在有準備槽的外形尺寸增大以致設置空間變大之類的問題。 However, this preparation tank needs to have a high heat insulation structure in order to store the extremely low temperature liquefied natural gas similarly to the storage tank. The common high-insulation structure is the same as the storage tank, but has a metal double-layer structure, and is filled with a heat-insulating material such as perlite (Perlite) between the inner tank and the outer tank. The thickness of the heat insulating layer thus constituted is 500 mm to 800 mm when the heat insulating performance is ensured by filling only nitrogen gas, which is a substitute for dry air, and a heat insulating material at normal pressure. Therefore, compared with the capacity of LNG that can be stored in the preparation tank, the amount of the heat insulating material becomes relatively larger. Therefore, there is a problem that the external dimension of the preparation groove is increased and the installation space is increased.
因此，通常藉由採用將內槽與外槽之間隔熱層設定為真空狀態的保溫瓶構造，使隔熱層的厚度減小以縮小外形尺寸。然而，若採用此種構造，會存在需要用以設定為真空狀態的處理，並且為了維持真空狀態而需要定期保養的問題。 Therefore, generally, by adopting a thermos structure in which the thermal insulation layer between the inner tank and the outer tank is set in a vacuum state, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is reduced to reduce the external dimension. However, if such a structure is adopted, a process for setting the vacuum state is required, and there are problems that regular maintenance is required in order to maintain the vacuum state.
本發明係鑑於此種情狀而完成，其目的在於提供一種液化天然氣充填設備，其可期待準備槽的小型化，並且可毋需定期保養。 The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquefied natural gas filling facility which can expect downsizing of the preparation tank and which can eliminate the need for regular maintenance.
為了達成上述目的，本發明具有以下的構成。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has the following configuration.
即，本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，係具備：儲藏槽，其儲藏被自槽車充填並供給於消費設備的液化天然氣；準備槽，其與上述儲藏槽連通連接，且自上述儲藏槽供給用以對上述槽車的槽內進行升壓的液化天然氣；及槽車用加壓蒸發器，其與上述準備槽連通連接，當自上述槽車朝上述儲藏槽充填液化天然氣時，將自上述準備槽供給的液化天然氣蒸發汽化而對上述槽車的槽內進行升壓，該液化天然氣充填用設備之特徵在於：上述準備槽係由儲藏液化天然氣的內槽、及隔著隔熱層而包圍上述內槽的外槽構成，上述隔熱層為常壓，於將能維持上述準備槽的氣密性的內壓的上限設為設計極限壓力之情況下，上述隔熱層的厚度，係被設定為在上述內槽的 內壓因為經由上述隔熱層進入上述內槽的來自外部空氣的熱量而上升且達到上述設計極限壓力之前可結束用以自上述槽車朝上述儲藏槽充填液化天然氣的卸出之程度的厚度。 That is, the liquefied natural gas filling facility of the present invention includes: a storage tank for storing liquefied natural gas filled from a tanker and supplied to consumer equipment; and a preparation tank for communicating with the storage tank and for supplying from the storage tank with the liquefied natural gas for boosting the pressure in the tank of the above-mentioned tank car; and the pressurized evaporator for the tank car, which is communicated and connected with the above-mentioned preparation tank, and when the liquefied natural gas is filled from the above-mentioned tank car to the above-mentioned storage tank, it will be released from the above-mentioned preparation tank. The liquefied natural gas supplied from the tank is vaporized to increase the pressure in the tank of the tank car, and the equipment for filling liquefied natural gas is characterized in that the preparation tank is surrounded by an inner tank for storing liquefied natural gas and an insulating layer interposed therebetween. The outer tank of the inner tank is constituted, the heat insulating layer is at normal pressure, and the thickness of the heat insulating layer is set when the upper limit of the internal pressure capable of maintaining the airtightness of the preparation tank is set as the design limit pressure. for the above inner groove The thickness is such that the internal pressure rises due to the heat from the outside air entering the inner tank through the heat insulating layer and the discharge for filling the LNG from the tank car into the storage tank can be terminated before reaching the design limit pressure.
根據本發明，由於準備槽的隔熱層的厚度，係被設定為在準備槽達到設計極限壓力之前能結束自槽車朝儲藏槽卸出之程度的厚度，因此能抑制隔熱層的厚度，從而可將準備槽小型化。此外，由於準備槽的隔熱層為常壓，所以可毋需定期的保養。 According to the present invention, since the thickness of the heat insulating layer of the preparation tank is set to such a thickness that the discharge from the tank car to the storage tank can be completed before the preparation tank reaches the design limit pressure, the thickness of the heat insulating layer can be suppressed, As a result, the preparation tank can be miniaturized. In addition, since the insulating layer of the preparation tank is at normal pressure, regular maintenance is not required.
此外，較佳為，本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，於將達到上述設計極限壓力為止的時間設為極限時間，且將完成自上述槽車朝上述儲藏槽的充填的時間設為充填完成時間之情況下，上述隔熱層的厚度，係被設定為上述極限時間比上述充填完成時間還長的厚度。 Further, preferably, in the LNG filling facility of the present invention, the time until reaching the design limit pressure is set as the limit time, and the time to complete the filling from the tank car to the storage tank is set as the time to complete the filling time In this case, the thickness of the heat insulating layer is set so that the limit time is longer than the filling completion time.
由於準備槽的隔熱層的厚度，係被設定為極限時間比充填完成時間還長的厚度，因而可抑制準備槽的隔熱層的厚度。因此，能期待準備槽的小型化。 Since the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the preparation tank is set to a thickness whose limit time is longer than the filling completion time, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the preparation tank can be suppressed. Therefore, miniaturization of the preparation tank can be expected.
此外，較佳為，本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，於將上述隔熱層的厚度設為隔熱層厚度t[m]，將自上述內槽的底面至儲藏於上述內槽的液化天然氣之液面的距離設為液層深度HL[m]，將自儲藏於上述內槽的液化天然氣之液面至上述內槽的頂面為止的距離設為氣層高度HR[m]，且將修正係數設為k的情況下，上述隔熱層的厚度t，係以t=(HL/HR)-k來表示。 Further, in the LNG filling facility of the present invention, preferably, the thickness of the heat insulating layer is set as the thickness t[m] of the heat insulating layer, and the distance from the bottom surface of the inner tank to the LNG stored in the inner tank is preferably set as the thickness of the heat insulating layer. The distance of the liquid surface is defined as the depth of the liquid layer H L [m], and the distance from the liquid surface of the LNG stored in the inner tank to the top surface of the inner tank is defined as the height of the gas layer H R [m], and When the correction coefficient is set to k, the thickness t of the heat insulating layer is represented by t=(H L / HR )-k.
藉由使用以t=(HL/HR)-k算出的近似值，可將隔熱層的厚度設定為適宜的厚度。 By using the approximate value calculated by t=(H L / HR )-k, the thickness of the heat insulating layer can be set to an appropriate thickness.
此外，較佳為，本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，於將自上述槽車朝上述儲藏層卸出的液化天然氣的重量設為卸出重量WLL[噸]之情況下，上述隔熱層的厚度t，係以t={(HL/HR)-k}/(WLL/12)0.6來表示。 Further, in the liquefied natural gas filling facility of the present invention, preferably, when the weight of the liquefied natural gas discharged from the tank car to the storage layer is set as the discharge weight W LL [ton], the thermal insulation layer The thickness t is represented by t={(H L /H R )-k}/(W LL /12) 0.6 .
藉由補充液化天然氣的卸出重量，可精度更良好地求得隔熱層的厚度。 By supplementing the discharge weight of the LNG, the thickness of the heat insulating layer can be obtained more accurately.
根據本發明的液化天然氣充填設備，由於被設定為在準備槽達到設計極限壓力之前能結束自槽車朝儲藏槽卸出之程度的厚度，因此能抑制隔熱層的厚度，從而可將準備槽小型化。此外，由於準備槽的隔熱層為常壓，所以可毋需定期保養。 According to the liquefied natural gas filling equipment of the present invention, the thickness of the liquefied natural gas filling equipment is set so that the discharge from the tank car to the storage tank can be completed before the preparation tank reaches the design limit pressure, so that the thickness of the heat insulating layer can be suppressed, and the preparation tank can be miniaturization. In addition, since the insulation layer of the preparation tank is at normal pressure, regular maintenance is not required.
TL‧‧‧槽車 TL‧‧‧tank car
1‧‧‧儲藏槽 1‧‧‧Storage tank
4‧‧‧汽化器 4‧‧‧ Vaporizer
6‧‧‧天然氣供給管 6‧‧‧Gas supply pipe
8‧‧‧槽用加壓蒸發器 8‧‧‧Pressurized evaporator for tank
9‧‧‧壓力調整器 9‧‧‧Pressure regulator
11‧‧‧液化天然氣充填用配管 11‧‧‧Piping for LNG filling
15‧‧‧準備槽 15‧‧‧Preparation slot
15a‧‧‧內槽 15a‧‧‧Inner groove
15b‧‧‧外槽 15b‧‧‧Outer groove
15c‧‧‧隔熱層 15c‧‧‧Insulation layer
18‧‧‧槽車用加壓蒸發器 18‧‧‧Pressurized evaporator for tank car
圖1為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示一般供給天然氣時的狀態。 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a liquefied natural gas charging facility according to an embodiment, showing a state in which natural gas is generally supplied.
圖2為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示自儲藏槽朝準備槽充填液化天然氣的狀態。 FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the liquefied natural gas charging facility according to the embodiment, showing a state in which liquefied natural gas is charged from a storage tank to a preparation tank.
圖3為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示自槽車朝儲藏槽充填液化天然氣的狀態。 FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the liquefied natural gas charging facility of the embodiment, showing a state in which liquefied natural gas is charged from a tanker to a storage tank.
圖4為顯示求取隔熱層之厚度的算式的模擬所需之準備槽等的各參數之圖。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing various parameters such as preparation grooves required for the simulation of the formula for obtaining the thickness of the heat insulating layer.
圖5為顯示根據求取隔熱層之厚度的算式的模擬而得之計算結果等的表。 FIG. 5 is a table showing calculation results and the like obtained by simulating the formula for obtaining the thickness of the heat insulating layer.
圖6為變形例的液化天然氣的整體構成圖，顯示一般供給天然氣時的狀態。 FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of liquefied natural gas according to a modified example, showing a state in which natural gas is generally supplied.
以下，參照圖式對本發明的一實施例進行說明。再者，圖1為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示一般供給天然氣時的狀態，圖2為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示自儲藏槽朝準備槽充填液化天然氣的狀態，圖3為實施例的液化天然氣充填設備的整體構成圖，顯示自槽車朝儲藏槽充填液化天然氣的狀態。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the LNG filling equipment of the embodiment, showing a state when natural gas is generally supplied, and FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the LNG filling equipment according to the embodiment, showing that the liquefied natural gas is filled from the storage tank to the preparation tank. The state of natural gas, FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the liquefied natural gas filling facility of the embodiment, and shows the state of filling the storage tank with liquefied natural gas from the tanker.
如圖1所示，實施例的液化天然氣充填設備，係具備儲藏槽1。此儲藏槽1係被充填自槽車TL卸出的液化天然氣，並儲藏供給於消費設備的液化天然氣。於此儲藏槽1的下方側連通連接具有第1開閉閥2的第1輸液配管3的一端側，且其另一端側連通連接於二台空溫式的汽化器4。這些空溫式的汽化器4，係藉由利用外部空氣將液化天然氣加熱而進行汽化。於各汽化器4分別連通連接具有第2開閉閥5的天然氣供給管6的一端側，且另一端側連通連接於消費設備(省略圖示)。
As shown in FIG. 1 , the liquefied natural gas filling facility of the embodiment includes a
於第1輸液配管3之一個部位連通連接第2輸液配管7的一端側。第2輸液配管7的另一端側，係
與溫水式的槽用加壓蒸發器8連通連接。此溫水式的槽用加壓蒸發器8，係藉由利用溫水將液化天然氣加熱而進行汽化。槽用加壓蒸發器8與儲藏槽1，係藉由具有第1壓力調整器9(設定壓力，例如為0.70MPa)的第1氣體配管10而被連通連接。
One end side of the
藉由上述構成，將來自儲藏槽1的液化天然氣供給於槽用加熱蒸發器8而進行蒸發汽化，然後將汽化後的天然氣供給於儲藏槽1內的上部而使儲藏槽1內的壓力上升。然後，以此壓力將儲藏槽1內的液化天然氣供給至汽化器4，以汽化器4進行汽化之後，將此汽化後的天然氣供給至消費設備。
With the above configuration, the liquefied natural gas from the
於儲藏槽1的下部連通連接供給來自槽車TL的液化天然氣的液化天然氣充填用配管11之一端側。液化天然氣充填用配管11，係具備第3開閉閥12，且於其一端側設置有凸緣13。
One end side of the liquefied natural
於儲藏槽1的下方側連通連接第3輸液配管14的一端側，且在第3輸液配管14的另一端側連通連接準備槽15。於準備槽15連通連接具有第4開閉閥16的第4輸液配管17之一端側，且在第4輸液配管17的另一端側連通連接空溫式的槽車用加壓蒸發器18。於槽車用加壓蒸發器18連通連接第2氣體配管19的一端側，且在第2氣體配管19的另一端側設置有第2凸緣20。於第3輸液配管14安裝有關閉閥21。此關閉閥21係防止液化天然氣自準備槽15朝儲藏槽1側逆流的閥機構。
One end side of the
於第4輸液配管17中之第4開閉閥16與槽車用加壓蒸發器18之間連通連接具有第5開閉閥22的氮氣配管23的一端側。在氮氣配管23的另一端側連通連接充填有氮的氮氣鋼瓶24。
One end side of a
於較液化天然氣充填用配管11的第3開閉閥12位於上流側之槽車TL側連通連接第1蒸發氣體配管27之一端側，該第1蒸發氣體配管27，係具備第2壓力調整器25(設定壓力，例如為0.70MPa)及第6開閉閥26。於第1蒸發氣體配管27中之第2壓力調整器25與第6開閉閥26之間連通連接具有第3壓力調整器28(設定壓力，例如為0.70MPa)的第2蒸發氣體配管29之一端側。第2蒸發氣體配管29的另一端側係連通連接於儲藏槽1的上部。此外，於第1蒸發氣體配管27中之第2壓力調整器25與第6開閉閥26之間還連通連接配管30的一端側，此配管30的另一端側，係與天然氣供給管6連通連接。
One end side of the first boil-off
於槽車TL具備第1槽車側開閉閥31，且於一端側連通連接具備第1槽車側凸緣32的第1槽車側配管33的另一端側。此外，於槽車TL具備第2槽車側開閉閥34，且於一端側連通連接具備第2槽車側凸緣35的第2槽車側配管36的另一端側。
The tanker TL is provided with a first tanker side on-off
藉由上述構成，通常於藉由液化天然氣充填設備進行供給天然氣時，如圖1所示，僅開啟二台汽化
器4之任一者的第1開閉閥2及第2開閉閥5。並且，將第3開閉閥12、第4開閉閥16、關閉閥21、第6開閉閥26關閉，朝槽用加壓蒸發器8內供給來自儲藏槽1的液化天然氣供給而進行蒸發汽化，且將此汽化後的天然氣供給於儲藏槽1內的上部而使儲藏槽1內的壓力上升。藉此，將儲藏槽1內的液化天然氣供給於汽化器4，且利用汽化器4使液化天然氣汽化，然後將此汽化的天然氣自天然氣供給管6供給至消費設備。再者，圖1中，以塗白表示被開放的閥機構等，且以塗黑表示被關閉的閥機構等。
With the above configuration, when supplying natural gas through LNG filling equipment, as shown in Figure 1, only two vaporizers are turned on.
The first on-off
再者，圖1中，雖然顯示有槽車TL，但與一般供給天然氣時並無關係。 In addition, in FIG. 1, although the tank car TL is shown, it does not relate to the normal supply of natural gas.
另一方面，當自槽車TL朝儲藏槽1充填液化天然氣時，首先，將液化天然氣充填於準備槽15內。具體而言，如圖2所示，以螺絲(省略圖示)等連結第1凸緣13與第1槽車用凸緣32，將液化天然氣充填用配管11與第1槽車側配管33連接。接著，以螺絲(省略圖示)等連結第2凸緣20與第2槽車側凸緣35，將第2氣體配管19與第2槽車側配管36連接。並且，開放關閉閥21。藉此，自儲藏槽1朝準備槽15內充填液化天然氣。關閉閥21只要於準備槽15內被儲藏達既定量的液化天然氣時關閉即可。再者，關於此準備槽15，容待後續詳述其構造。
On the other hand, when filling the
接著，如圖3所示，將關閉閥21關閉，並開放第3開閉閥12及第4開閉閥16、與第1槽車側開閉閥31及第2槽車側開閉閥34。
Next, as shown in FIG. 3 , the closing
藉此，可將準備槽15內的液化天然氣供給於槽車用加壓蒸發器18而使其蒸發汽化。因此，可將此汽化的加壓用的天然氣供給於槽車TL，使槽車TL的槽內的壓力上升至既定壓力(例如為0.7MPa左右)，而使儲藏在槽車TL的槽內的液化天然氣卸出且充填至儲藏槽1。再者，即使於此充填作業之期間，仍無須暫時停止天然氣的供給，而可對消費設備供給液化天然氣。
Thereby, the liquefied natural gas in the
充填結束後，雖有省略圖示，但將開閉閥12關閉，並開放第5開閉閥22及第6開閉閥26。藉此，自氮氣鋼瓶24朝槽車用加壓蒸發器18、第2氣體配管19、槽車TL的槽、液化天然氣充填用配管11流動氮氣，並且使天然氣通過第1蒸發氣體配管27及配管30而流動，利用氮氣對殘留於槽車用加壓蒸發器18、第2氣體配管19、槽車TL及液化天然氣充填用配管11的天然氣進行更換。此淨化作業結束之後，將槽車TL與第2配管19及液化天然氣充填用配管11的連接分離，結束上述液化天然氣充填作業。
After the filling is completed, although not shown, the on-off
在此，參照圖4及圖5，對上述準備槽15的構造詳細地進行說明。再者，圖4為顯示求取隔熱層之厚度的算式的模擬所需之準備槽等的各參數之圖。圖5為顯示根據求取隔熱層之厚度的算式的模擬而得之計算結果等的表。
Here, the structure of the said preparation groove|
如圖4所示，上述準備槽15，係由內槽15a、外槽15b及隔熱層15c構成。內槽15a係儲藏液化天然氣。外槽15b係隔著隔熱層15c而包圍內槽15a整體。隔熱層15c不被減壓而維持常壓。此外，於隔熱層15c充填有珍珠岩(Perlite)而作為隔熱材料，且充填有乾氮(dry N2)或乾氧(dry O2)。
As shown in FIG. 4, the said
內槽15a與外槽15b，例如由厚度10mm的不鏽鋼板構成。作為不鏽鋼板，例如可列舉SUS304。於此種構成的準備槽15中，於進行上述<自槽車TL的充填>時，至少迄至結束朝儲藏槽1充填液化天然氣為止的期間係決定準備槽15中用以使準備槽15不超過設計極限壓力的上限之隔熱層15c的厚度。再者，在此所稱的設計極限壓力，係指能維持準備槽15的內槽15a之氣密性的內壓的上限。
The
上述隔熱層15c的厚度，係被設定為在假設為準備槽15的設計極限壓力的情況下，內槽15a的內壓因為經由隔熱層15c進入內槽15a的來自外部空氣的熱量而上升且達到設計極限壓力之前能結束用以自槽車TL對儲藏槽1充填液化天然氣的卸出之程度的厚度。或者，於將內槽15a的內壓因為經由隔熱層15e進入內槽
15a的來自外部空氣的熱量而上升且內槽15a達到設計極限壓力為止的時間設為極限時間，且將完成自槽車TL朝儲藏槽1的充填之時間設為充填完成時間的情況下，被設定為極限時間比充填完成時間還長的厚度。
The thickness of the above-mentioned
其次，求取隔熱層15c的具體厚度。在此，將內槽15a內的溫度設為接近液化天然氣的溫度(-162℃)的-165℃，且將外槽15b的環境溫度設為40℃。此外，藉由模擬而對自槽車TL的槽卸出之液化天然氣的重量(圖5的表中的槽車容量WLL[噸])，例如設定為一般被利用的12噸或14噸，且將藉由自儲藏槽1卸出的液化天然氣的重量假定為槽車TL1台的量(12噸或14噸)、2台的量(14噸的2倍，28噸)、3台的量(14噸的3倍，42噸)、5台的量(12噸的5倍，60噸)的情況時之隔熱層15c的厚度進行估算。
Next, the specific thickness of the
此外，預計卸出14噸的液化天然氣所需時間為1小時，且將儲藏槽1的壓力設定為0.2MPa左右。預計自槽車TL卸出液化天然氣所需的加壓氣體在0.6MPa下約為30m3，且作為其來源的液化天然氣的重量為0.2噸，且0.4kl左右。假若將準備槽15的內槽15a的直徑設為1m，則液層深度約為0.5m。雖然內槽15a內的氣層的壓力會因為利用來自外部空氣的供熱而汽化的蒸發氣體而逐漸上升，但這需要以成為比卸出所需的時間、即1小時還略長的時間的方式來確保隔熱層15c的厚度、及氣層的容積(即高度)。於此種條件下，將加壓氣體的壓力為所接受的儲藏槽1的壓力之2倍以上的情況
下總容積最小的直徑的高度比率最佳化，且依以下的方式對封入有珍珠岩與氮氣而作為隔熱層15c的隔熱材料的準備槽15，求取其隔熱層15c的厚度。
In addition, the time required to discharge 14 tons of liquefied natural gas is estimated to be one hour, and the pressure of the
模擬係首先將隔熱層15c的厚度t[m]假定為較在先前例中單純地將隔熱層設為常壓的情況所需的0.50~0.80更薄的0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30，且於將自內槽15a底面至儲藏於內槽15a的液化天然氣的液面之距離設為液層深度HL[m]，將自儲藏於內槽15a的液化天然氣之液面至內槽15a的頂面的距離設為氣層高度HR[m]，將修正係數設為k的情況下，以下面的(1)式模擬隔熱層的厚度t的結果，為圖5的表中的Sim1。
The simulation system first assumed that the thickness t[m] of the
再者，表中的公稱壓力Pn，係於內槽15a儲藏有液化天然氣，且無來自外部的供熱之狀態下的內槽15a內的壓力，最高壓力Ph係於設為隔熱層t之情況下，內槽15a內的液化天然氣在卸出槽車容量WLL的液化天然氣之期間因供熱而汽化上升之內槽15a內的壓力，且是比設計極限壓力還低的值。再者，其中將修正係數k設定為0.1。
In addition, the nominal pressure Pn in the table is the pressure in the
t=(HL/HR)-k……(1) t=(H L /H R )-k……(1)
經比較此(1)式的模擬結果即Sim1的值、與假定之隔熱層15c的厚度t，可知雖然大致一致，但仍有偏差大的部分。
By comparing the value of Sim1, which is the simulation result of the formula (1), and the assumed thickness t of the
因此，為了抑制偏差，以下面的(2)式進行模擬的結果，為圖5之表中的Sim2。 Therefore, in order to suppress the variation, the result of simulation with the following formula (2) is Sim2 in the table of FIG. 5 .
t=((HL/HR)-0.1)/(WLL/12)0.6……(2) t=((H L /H R )-0.1)/(W LL /12) 0.6 …(2)
經比較此(2)式的模擬結果即Sim2的值、與假定之隔熱層15c的厚度t，可知與(1)式的結果Sim1比較，精度變高。
By comparing the value of Sim2, which is the simulation result of the formula (2), with the assumed thickness t of the
其次，為了進一步抑制偏差，以(3)式進行模擬的結果，為圖5之表中的Sim3及Sim4。其中，Sim3為(2)式-0.02，Sim4為(2)式+0.02。 Next, in order to further suppress the variation, the results of the simulation performed by the formula (3) are Sim3 and Sim4 in the table of FIG. 5 . Among them, Sim3 is (2) formula -0.02, Sim4 is (2) formula +0.02.
t=(((HL/HR)-0.1)/(WLL/12)0.6)±0.02……(3) t=(((H L /H R )-0.1)/(W LL /12) 0.6 )±0.02…(3)
經比較此(3)式的模擬結果即Sim3及Sim4、與假定之隔熱層15c的厚度t，可知一部分精度被提高。
By comparing the simulation results of the formula (3), Sim3 and Sim4, and the assumed thickness t of the
根據上述各模擬結果，於將準備槽15的隔熱層15c設為常壓之情況下，只要設為以(1)~(3)式之任一者求得的隔熱層15c的厚度，即可於維持準備槽15的功能的狀態下完成自槽車TL朝儲藏槽1之充填。
According to the above-mentioned simulation results, when the
根據本實施例，準備槽15的隔熱層15c的厚度，係被設定為在準備槽15達到設計極限壓力之前能結束自槽車TL朝儲藏槽1卸出之程度的厚度t，因此能抑制隔熱層15c的厚度t，從而可將準備槽15小型化。此外，準備槽15的隔熱層15c，因為是常壓，因而可毋需定期保養。
According to the present embodiment, the thickness t of the
本發明不限於上述實施形態，可如下述實施變形。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as follows.
(1)上述實施例中，以圖1的構成為例對液化天然氣充填設備進行了說明，但本發明不限於如此的構成。本發明，例如也可為如圖6所示的構成。再者，圖6為變形例的液化天然氣的整體構成圖，顯示一般供給天然氣時的狀態。 (1) In the above-mentioned embodiment, the liquefied natural gas charging facility has been described by taking the configuration of FIG. 1 as an example, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. In the present invention, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. 6 may be adopted. In addition, FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of the liquefied natural gas of the modification, and shows the state when natural gas is generally supplied.
雖省略詳細的說明，但此變形例係將準備槽15配置於儲藏槽1與槽用加壓蒸發器8之間，於充填液化天然氣時，準備槽15經由自槽用加壓蒸發器8的上部分歧的第3氣體配管45對槽車TL的槽進行加壓。於此種構成的準備槽15中，藉由依上述方式設定隔熱層15c的厚度t，可獲得同樣的功效。
Although the detailed description is omitted, in this modification, the
(2)上述實施例中，例示了(1)~(3)式，但只要以使用其等中的任一個而獲得的厚度t來設定準備槽15的隔熱層15c的厚度即可。
(2) Formulas (1) to (3) were exemplified in the above-described embodiments, but the thickness of the
(3)上述實施例中，雖然假定之厚度為0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30，但也可以更細小的等級設定厚度。 (3) In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the thicknesses are assumed to be 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30, the thicknesses may be set in finer grades.
1‧‧‧儲藏槽 1‧‧‧Storage tank
11‧‧‧液化天然氣充填用配管 11‧‧‧Piping for LNG filling
14‧‧‧第3輸液配管 14‧‧‧The third infusion piping
15‧‧‧準備槽 15‧‧‧Preparation slot
15a‧‧‧內槽 15a‧‧‧Inner groove
15b‧‧‧外槽 15b‧‧‧Outer groove
15c‧‧‧隔熱層 15c‧‧‧Insulation layer
21‧‧‧關閉閥 21‧‧‧Close valve
TL‧‧‧槽車 TL‧‧‧tank car
WLL‧‧‧槽車容量[噸] W LL ‧‧‧ tanker capacity [tons]
t[m]‧‧‧厚度 t[m]‧‧‧Thickness
HL[m]‧‧‧液層深度 H L [m]‧‧‧liquid layer depth
HR[m]‧‧‧氣層高度 H R [m]‧‧‧Gas height
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW106142674A TWI761402B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | LNG charging equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW106142674A TWI761402B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | LNG charging equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201925586A TW201925586A (en) | 2019-07-01 |
| TWI761402B true TWI761402B (en) | 2022-04-21 |
Family
ID=68048824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW106142674A TWI761402B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | LNG charging equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI761402B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1516150A (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1978-06-28 | Nihon Soflan Chem & Eng Co Ltd | Thermally insulated containers for liquefied gas |
| DE2712197A1 (en) * | 1977-03-19 | 1978-09-21 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Double-wall steel, or (prestressed) concrete container for cooled liq. - has thermally insulating interlinings of copper foil, granular material and closed-cell polyurethane foam layers |
| US5826632A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-10-27 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Dynamic gas cylinder filling process |
| TW200722672A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-16 | Tawwan Maritime Transp Co Ltd | Portable storage apparatus and liquefied natural gas storage method |
| US20090223974A1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2009-09-10 | Tanno Maarten Felius | Container for storing liquefied gas |
-
2017
- 2017-12-06 TW TW106142674A patent/TWI761402B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1516150A (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1978-06-28 | Nihon Soflan Chem & Eng Co Ltd | Thermally insulated containers for liquefied gas |
| DE2712197A1 (en) * | 1977-03-19 | 1978-09-21 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | Double-wall steel, or (prestressed) concrete container for cooled liq. - has thermally insulating interlinings of copper foil, granular material and closed-cell polyurethane foam layers |
| US5826632A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-10-27 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Dynamic gas cylinder filling process |
| US20090223974A1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2009-09-10 | Tanno Maarten Felius | Container for storing liquefied gas |
| TW200722672A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-16 | Tawwan Maritime Transp Co Ltd | Portable storage apparatus and liquefied natural gas storage method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201925586A (en) | 2019-07-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5227000B2 (en) | LNG storage tank | |
| US7690365B2 (en) | Fuel gas supply system and method of an LNG carrier | |
| JP6434762B2 (en) | Hydrogen fuel supply system | |
| EP2444712B1 (en) | Fuel gas supply system of a ship | |
| KR100804967B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for reducing pressure rise of lng cargo tank of lng carrier with fuel gas propulsion means | |
| JP2011236929A (en) | Lng satellite facility | |
| KR20210070293A (en) | Methods and equipment for storing and distributing liquid hydrogen | |
| JP4698301B2 (en) | Natural gas supply system and supply method | |
| TWI761402B (en) | LNG charging equipment | |
| JP2006275091A (en) | Hydrogen gas supply method and liquefied hydrogen transport vehicle | |
| KR101403611B1 (en) | Lng fsru having a regasification apparatus | |
| KR100952669B1 (en) | Pressure regulating apparatus and lng carrier with the pressure regulating apparatus | |
| KR102504277B1 (en) | Liquefied Natural Gas Regasification Method and System | |
| KR101714671B1 (en) | Pressure control method and system for liquid cargo tank | |
| KR101499902B1 (en) | Marine structure with a regasification apparatus and method for operating an lng storage tank in the marine structure | |
| KR101491717B1 (en) | Marine structure with an lng storage tank and method for operating the lng storage tank in the marine structure | |
| KR101276119B1 (en) | Lng storage tank | |
| KR101637415B1 (en) | Pressure control method and system for liquid cargo tank | |
| KR20110071275A (en) | Fuel gas supply controller, and system and method for supplying fuel gas with the controller | |
| JP5583820B2 (en) | Method for suppressing boil-off gas in liquefied gas storage equipment | |
| JP4738766B2 (en) | Large cryogenic liquefied gas storage tank | |
| KR101403610B1 (en) | Lng rv having a regasification apparatus | |
| KR20160096311A (en) | Lng fuel supplying system for imo type b fuel tank and ship with the system | |
| KR101369485B1 (en) | Method for opening/closing a safety valve | |
| KR102130720B1 (en) | Cool down system and method of cargo tank in offshore structure |