為使本發明之上述目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉一較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, a preferred embodiment is exemplified below, and is described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
第1圖係表示根據本發明一實施例的加熱系統。參閱第1圖，加熱系統1包括加熱電路10以及控制電路11。在一實施例中，第1圖之加熱系統1可用於霧化裝置，例如第2圖的電子菸2，用以對菸油匣20加熱，使得煙油匣內的煙油受熱而霧化形成煙霧。在其他實施例中，第1圖之加熱系統1可用於需要加熱功能的其他裝置中。Figure 1 shows a heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the heating system 1 includes a heating circuit 10 and a control circuit 11 . In one embodiment, the heating system 1 in Fig. 1 can be used in an atomizing device, such as the electronic cigarette 2 in Fig. 2, to heat the e-liquid cartridge 20, so that the e-liquid in the e-liquid cartridge is heated and atomized. smoke. In other embodiments, the heating system 1 of FIG. 1 may be used in other devices requiring heating functions.
加熱電路10包括一加熱元件。加熱元件的加熱狀態係由一切換信號SWHT控制。加熱元件的加熱狀態可表示一加熱電流流經加熱元件的時間。當加熱電流流經加熱元件時，加熱元件將電能轉換為熱能，導致對加熱元件的加熱，提高了加熱元件的溫度。舉例來說，加熱電流流經加熱元件的時間較長時，加熱元件的溫度提高幅度較大；加熱電流流經加熱元件的時間較短時，加熱元件的溫度提高幅度較小。加熱元件的溫度提高也提高了周遭環境的溫度，藉以對周遭環境內的一裝置或元件加熱，例如第2圖中電子菸的菸油匣。加熱元件具有一電阻值，隨加熱元件的溫度而改變。詳細來說，加熱元件之的電阻值隨溫度提高而增加。在此實施例中，加熱電路10根據加熱元件的電阻值產生一輸出信號CMPO，其與加熱元件的溫度相關。在此實施例中，切換信號SWHT為一脈寬調變信號。控制電路11接收輸出信號CMPO，並輸出切換信號SWHT。控制電路11根據輸出信號CMPO得知關於加熱元件的溫度資訊，且基於加熱元件的溫度資訊來改變切換信號SWHT的工作週期，藉以調整加熱電流流經加熱元件的時間。
The heating circuit 10 includes a heating element. The heating state of the heating element is controlled by a switching signal SWHT. The heating state of the heating element may represent the time for which a heating current flows through the heating element. When a heating current flows through the heating element, the heating element converts electrical energy into thermal energy, resulting in heating of the heating element, increasing the temperature of the heating element. For example, when the heating current flows through the heating element for a long time, the temperature increase of the heating element is larger; when the heating current flows through the heating element for a short time, the temperature increase of the heating element is smaller. The increase in the temperature of the heating element also increases the temperature of the surrounding environment, thereby heating a device or element in the surrounding environment, such as the e-liquid cartridge of the electronic cigarette in the second figure. The heating element has a resistance value that varies with the temperature of the heating element. In detail, the resistance value of the heating element increases as the temperature increases. In this embodiment, the heating circuit 10 generates an output signal CMPO according to the resistance value of the heating element, which is related to the temperature of the heating element. In this embodiment, the switching signal SWHT is a pulse width modulation signal. The control circuit 11 receives the output signal CMPO and outputs the switching signal SWHT. The control circuit 11 learns the temperature information about the heating element according to the output signal CMPO, and changes the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT based on the temperature information of the heating element, so as to adjust the time during which the heating current flows through the heating element.
第3圖係表示根據本發明一實施例的加熱電路10。參閱第3圖，加熱電路10包括比較器30、切換式電阻電路31、電阻電路32與35、加熱元件33、加熱開關34、以及切換電路36。比較器30包括一非反向輸入端+、一反向輸入端-、以及一輸出端。切換式電阻電路31耦接於一電源線L30與比較器30的該非反向輸入端+之間。電源線L30接收一操作電壓，例如VDD。在一實施例中，舉例來說，當加熱系統1用於第2圖的電子菸2時，此操作電壓則為來自電子菸2的一電池的電壓VBAT。切換式電阻電路31包括可變電阻電路310與電阻器311。可變電阻電路310耦接於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間。可變電阻電路310接收至少一控制信號，以決定其電阻值。電阻器311耦接於電源線L30與節點N30之間，即電阻器311與可變電阻電路310串聯於電源線L30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間。電阻器311的電阻值為固定。
FIG. 3 shows a heating circuit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 , the heating circuit 10 includes a comparator 30 , a switching resistance circuit 31 , resistance circuits 32 and 35 , a heating element 33 , a heating switch 34 , and a switching circuit 36 . The comparator 30 includes a non-inverting input terminal +, an inverting input terminal -, and an output terminal. The switched resistance circuit 31 is coupled between a power line L30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 . The power line L30 receives an operating voltage, such as VDD. In one embodiment, for example, when the heating system 1 is used in the electronic cigarette 2 of FIG. 2 , the operating voltage is the voltage VBAT from a battery of the electronic cigarette 2 . The switched resistance circuit 31 includes a variable resistance circuit 310 and a resistor 311 . The variable resistance circuit 310 is coupled between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 . The variable resistance circuit 310 receives at least one control signal to determine its resistance value. The resistor 311 is coupled between the power line L30 and the node N30 , that is, the resistor 311 and the variable resistance circuit 310 are connected in series between the power line L30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 . The resistance value of the resistor 311 is fixed.
可變電阻電路310包括彼此串連的至少一電阻-開關電路。每一電阻-開關電路之第一端耦接節點N30，其第二端耦接比較器30的非反向輸入端+。每一電阻-開關電路包括一電阻器與一開關，其等並聯於對應之第一端與第二端之間。每一電阻-開關電路中的開關受控於對應的控制信號。控制信號的數量等於可變電阻電路310中電阻-開關電路的數量。在第3圖的實施例中，係以可變電阻電路310包括四個串聯於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間的電阻-開關電路100~103為例。在此例子中，具有四個控制信號S100~S103。參閱第3圖，電阻-開關電路100包括電阻器R100與開關SW100，其等並聯於電阻-開關電路100的第一端與第二端之間，且開關SW100由控制信號S100所控制；電阻-開關電路101包括電阻器R101與開關SW101，其等並聯於電阻-開關電路101的第一端與第二端之間，且開關SW101由控制信號S101所控制；電阻-開關電路102包括電阻器R102與開關SW102，其等並聯於電阻-開關電路102的第一端與第二端之間，且開關SW102由控制信號S102所控制；電阻-開關電路103包括電阻器R103與開關SW103，其等並聯於電阻-開關電路103的第一端與第二端之間，且開關SW103由控制信號S103所控制。根據上述架構，電阻-開關電路100~103與電阻器311串聯於電源線L30與比較器30的該非反向輸入端+之間。The variable resistor circuit 310 includes at least one resistor-switch circuit connected in series with each other. The first terminal of each resistor-switch circuit is coupled to the node N30 , and the second terminal thereof is coupled to the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 . Each resistor-switch circuit includes a resistor and a switch, which are connected in parallel between the corresponding first terminal and the second terminal. The switches in each resistor-switch circuit are controlled by a corresponding control signal. The number of control signals is equal to the number of resistor-switch circuits in the variable resistor circuit 310 . In the embodiment of FIG. 3 , the variable resistor circuit 310 includes four resistor-switch circuits 100 to 103 connected in series between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 as an example. In this example, there are four control signals S100 to S103. Referring to FIG. 3, the resistor-switch circuit 100 includes a resistor R100 and a switch SW100, which are connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the resistor-switch circuit 100, and the switch SW100 is controlled by the control signal S100; the resistor-switch The switch circuit 101 includes a resistor R101 and a switch SW101, which are connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the resistor-switch circuit 101, and the switch SW101 is controlled by the control signal S101; the resistor-switch circuit 102 includes a resistor R102 and switch SW102, which are connected in parallel between the first end and the second end of the resistor-switch circuit 102, and the switch SW102 is controlled by the control signal S102; the resistor-switch circuit 103 includes a resistor R103 and a switch SW103, which are connected in parallel Between the first end and the second end of the resistor-switch circuit 103, the switch SW103 is controlled by the control signal S103. According to the above structure, the resistor-switch circuits 100 - 103 and the resistor 311 are connected in series between the power line L30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 .
在此實施例中，電阻器R100、R101、R102、R103的電阻值的比例為1:2:4:8，且電阻器R100的電阻值等於電阻器311的電阻值。在第3圖中，假設電阻器R103的電阻值為Ru，那麼電阻器311、R100、R101、R102的電阻值分別表示為Ru/8、Ru/8、Ru/4、Ru/2。透過控制信號S100~S103，開關SW100~SW103對應地導通或關斷，藉此決定了於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間彼此串聯的電阻器。根據電阻器311的電阻值以及在可變電阻電路310中彼此串聯的各電阻器的電阻值，決定了切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum。In this embodiment, the ratio of the resistance values of the resistors R100 , R101 , R102 , and R103 is 1:2:4:8, and the resistance value of the resistor R100 is equal to the resistance value of the resistor 311 . In FIG. 3, assuming that the resistance value of the resistor R103 is Ru, the resistance values of the resistors 311, R100, R101, and R102 are represented as Ru/8, Ru/8, Ru/4, and Ru/2, respectively. Through the control signals S100 ˜ S103 , the switches SW100 ˜ SW103 are correspondingly turned on or off, thereby determining the resistors connected in series between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 . The total resistance value Rusum of the switching resistance circuit 31 is determined according to the resistance value of the resistor 311 and the resistance values of the resistors connected in series with each other in the variable resistance circuit 310 .
參閱第3圖，電阻電路32耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與接地端GND之間。電阻電路32包括電阻器R320與R321以及開關SW320與SW321。電阻器R320耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與節點N31之間，且開關SW320耦接於節點N31與接地端GND之間。電阻器R321耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與節點N32之間，且開關SW321耦接於節點N32與接地端GND之間。電阻器R320與R321各自具有一固定電阻值。開關SW320與SW321的導通/關斷狀態分別由切換信號SWT與SWV所控制。Referring to FIG. 3 , the resistor circuit 32 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 and the ground terminal GND. The resistance circuit 32 includes resistors R320 and R321 and switches SW320 and SW321. The resistor R320 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 and the node N31, and the switch SW320 is coupled between the node N31 and the ground terminal GND. The resistor R321 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 and the node N32, and the switch SW321 is coupled between the node N32 and the ground terminal GND. The resistors R320 and R321 each have a fixed resistance value. The on/off states of the switches SW320 and SW321 are controlled by the switching signals SWT and SWV, respectively.
加熱元件33耦接於電源線L30與節點N33之間。在一實施例中，加熱元件33包括加熱絲R33。電阻電路35耦接於節點N33與接地端GND之間。加熱開關34耦接於節點N33與接地端GND之間。加熱開關34的導通/關斷狀態受控於切換信號SWHT。舉例來說，當切換信號SWHT處於一高電壓位準時，加熱開關34導通，且加熱電流流經加熱絲R33。基於加熱絲R33的元件特性，加熱絲R33將電能轉換為熱能，而提高了加熱絲R33的溫度。根據上述，加熱電流流經加熱絲R33的時間長度決定了，加熱絲R33溫度提高的幅度。因此，切換信號SWHT的工作週期（即切換信號SWHT處於高電壓位準的期間）可決定加熱絲R33的溫度提高的幅度。The heating element 33 is coupled between the power line L30 and the node N33. In one embodiment, the heating element 33 includes a heating wire R33. The resistance circuit 35 is coupled between the node N33 and the ground terminal GND. The heating switch 34 is coupled between the node N33 and the ground terminal GND. The ON/OFF state of the heating switch 34 is controlled by the switching signal SWHT. For example, when the switching signal SWHT is at a high voltage level, the heating switch 34 is turned on, and the heating current flows through the heating wire R33. Based on the element characteristics of the heating wire R33, the heating wire R33 converts electrical energy into thermal energy, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating wire R33. According to the above, the length of time that the heating current flows through the heating wire R33 determines the extent of the temperature increase of the heating wire R33. Therefore, the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT (ie, the period during which the switching signal SWHT is at a high voltage level) can determine the magnitude of the temperature increase of the heating wire R33 .
參閱第3圖，電阻電路35包括電阻器R350以及開關SW350。電阻器R350耦接於節點N33與節點N34之間，且開關SW350耦接於節點N34與接地端GND之間。開關SW350的導通/關斷狀態由切換信號SWT所控制。在一實施例中，電阻器R350的與電阻器R320的電阻值之間具有一固定比例，電阻器R350的與電阻器R321的電阻值之間具有另一固定比例。在一實施例中，此兩固定比例不相等。Referring to FIG. 3, the resistance circuit 35 includes a resistor R350 and a switch SW350. The resistor R350 is coupled between the node N33 and the node N34, and the switch SW350 is coupled between the node N34 and the ground GND. The on/off state of the switch SW350 is controlled by the switching signal SWT. In one embodiment, the resistance values of the resistor R350 and the resistor R320 have a fixed ratio, and the resistance values of the resistor R350 and the resistor R321 have another fixed ratio. In one embodiment, the two fixed ratios are not equal.
切換電路36耦接比較器30的反向輸入端-、參考電壓端T30、以及節點N33。參考電壓端T30接收一準確的參考電壓VREF。詳細來說，切換電路36的第一輸入端耦接參考電壓端T30，其第二輸入端耦接節點N33，以及其輸出端耦接比較器30的反向輸入端-。切換電路36接收一控制信號S36，以選擇性地將第一輸入端耦接至輸出端（即將參考電壓端耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-），或者將第二輸入端耦接至輸出端（即將節點N33耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-）。The switching circuit 36 is coupled to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 , the reference voltage terminal T30 , and the node N33 . The reference voltage terminal T30 receives an accurate reference voltage VREF. Specifically, the first input terminal of the switching circuit 36 is coupled to the reference voltage terminal T30 , the second input terminal thereof is coupled to the node N33 , and the output terminal thereof is coupled to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . The switching circuit 36 receives a control signal S36 to selectively couple the first input terminal to the output terminal (ie, the reference voltage terminal is coupled to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 ), or to couple the second input terminal To the output terminal (ie, coupling the node N33 to the inverting input terminal- of the comparator 30).
第4圖系表示根據本發明一實施例的控制電路。參閱第4圖，控制電路4可作為第1圖的控制電路11，其接收來自加熱電路10的輸出信號CMPO，且根據輸出信號CMPO產生切換信號SWHT。控制電路4另產生切換信號SWT與SWV以及控制信號S36。控制電路4還產生控制信號S100~S103，以控制開關SW100~SW103的導通/關斷狀態。控制電路4包括判斷電路40以及脈波產生器41。控制電路4另接收模式信號Smode，且模式信號Smode提供至判斷電路40以及脈波產生器41。加熱系統1可在不同的模式下操作，且模式信號Smode指示加熱系統1目前是處於哪一模式下。在一實施例，加熱系統1具有定溫模式以及定電壓模式。不論是定溫模式還是定電壓模式，加熱系統1的一完整操作週期可依序劃分為定溫判斷期間、定電壓判斷期間、以及加熱期間。加熱系統1可在多個上述操作週期中操作。在其他實施例中，在時序上，加熱系統1的一完整操作週期可依序劃分為定溫判斷期間、定電壓判斷期間、以及加熱期間。FIG. 4 shows a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4 , the control circuit 4 can be used as the control circuit 11 of FIG. 1 , which receives the output signal CMPO from the heating circuit 10 and generates the switching signal SWHT according to the output signal CMPO. The control circuit 4 also generates switching signals SWT and SWV and a control signal S36. The control circuit 4 also generates control signals S100 ˜ S103 to control the on/off states of the switches SW100 ˜ SW103 . The control circuit 4 includes a judgment circuit 40 and a pulse generator 41 . The control circuit 4 further receives the mode signal Smode, and the mode signal Smode is provided to the judgment circuit 40 and the pulse generator 41 . The heating system 1 can operate in different modes, and the mode signal Smode indicates which mode the heating system 1 is currently in. In one embodiment, the heating system 1 has a constant temperature mode and a constant voltage mode. Regardless of the constant temperature mode or the constant voltage mode, a complete operation cycle of the heating system 1 can be sequentially divided into a constant temperature judgment period, a constant voltage judgment period, and a heating period. The heating system 1 can be operated in a number of the above-mentioned operating cycles. In other embodiments, in terms of timing, a complete operation cycle of the heating system 1 may be sequentially divided into a constant temperature determination period, a constant voltage determination period, and a heating period.
判斷電路40包括記憶體400，其儲存預先決定的預設溫度資料DT以及預設電壓資料DV。預設溫度資料DT表示加熱元件33的一目標溫度，其可根據系統要求或採用加熱系統1的電子裝置的使用者（例如，電子菸2的使用者）需求來決定。預設電壓資料DV表示電池電壓VBAT的一目標電壓，其可根據系統要求、內建加熱系統1的電子裝置的使用者（例如，電子菸2的使用者）、或內建加熱系統1的電子裝置的電池特性（例如，電子菸2的電池的特性）來決定。當加熱系統1操作時，判斷電路40根據模式信號Smode自記憶體400讀取預設溫度資料DT或讀取預設電壓資料DV，根據讀取的預設溫度資料DT或根據讀取的預設電壓資料DV來產生控制信號S100~S103。The determination circuit 40 includes a memory 400, which stores predetermined predetermined temperature data DT and predetermined voltage data DV. The preset temperature data DT represents a target temperature of the heating element 33 , which can be determined according to system requirements or needs of a user of an electronic device using the heating system 1 (eg, a user of the electronic cigarette 2 ). The preset voltage data DV represents a target voltage of the battery voltage VBAT, which may be based on system requirements, the user of the electronic device with the built-in heating system 1 (for example, the user of the electronic cigarette 2 ), or the electronic device with the built-in heating system 1 . The battery characteristics of the device (for example, the characteristics of the battery of the electronic cigarette 2) are determined. When the heating system 1 operates, the judgment circuit 40 reads the preset temperature data DT or reads the preset voltage data DV from the memory 400 according to the mode signal Smode, according to the read preset temperature data DT or according to the read preset temperature data DT The voltage data DV is used to generate the control signals S100-S103.
在下文中，將參閱第3~4圖來說明根據本發明第一一實施例，加熱系統1在一操作週期中的操作。Hereinafter, the operation of the heating system 1 in an operation cycle according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 4 .
當加熱系統1進入定溫判斷期間時，判斷電路40自記憶體400讀取預設溫度資料DT，且根據預設溫度資料DT產生控制信號S100~S103。可變電阻電路310的開關SW100~SW103分別根據控制信號S100~S103而導通或關斷。反應於控制信號S100~S103，決定了在電阻器R100~R103中那些電阻器串聯於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間，藉以決定切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum。此時，可變電阻電路310中串聯的電阻器的電阻值總和對應目標溫度。由於電阻器311的電阻值為固定，因此，總電阻值Rusum也對應目標溫度。在定溫判斷期間中，脈波產生器41根據模式信號Smode來產生切換信號SWHT、SWT、與SWV以及控制信號S36。詳細來說，在定溫判斷期間中，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWT以導通開關SW320以及SW350，且產生切換信號SWV以及SWHT以分別關斷開關SW321以及加熱開關34。脈波產生器41更產生控制信號S36，使得切換電路36將節點N33耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。此時，電阻器R320耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與接地端之間，而電阻器R350耦接於比較器30的反向輸入端-與接地端之間。在比較器30的非反向輸入端+與反向輸入端-上，切換式電阻電路31中串聯的電阻器、電阻器R320、加熱絲R33、以及電阻器R350形成一橋式電路架構。When the heating system 1 enters the constant temperature determination period, the determination circuit 40 reads the preset temperature data DT from the memory 400, and generates control signals S100-S103 according to the preset temperature data DT. The switches SW100 ˜ SW103 of the variable resistance circuit 310 are respectively turned on or off according to the control signals S100 ˜ S103 . In response to the control signals S100 ˜ S103 , it is determined that among the resistors R100 ˜ R103 those resistors are connected in series between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 , thereby determining the total resistance value Rusum of the switching resistor circuit 31 . At this time, the sum of the resistance values of the resistors connected in series in the variable resistance circuit 310 corresponds to the target temperature. Since the resistance value of the resistor 311 is fixed, the total resistance value Rusum also corresponds to the target temperature. During the constant temperature determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signals SWHT, SWT, and SWV and the control signal S36 according to the mode signal Smode. Specifically, during the constant temperature determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWT to turn on the switches SW320 and SW350 , and generates the switching signals SWV and SWHT to turn off the switch SW321 and the heating switch 34 respectively. The pulse generator 41 further generates a control signal S36 , so that the switching circuit 36 couples the node N33 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . At this time, the resistor R320 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + and the ground terminal of the comparator 30 , and the resistor R350 is coupled between the inverting input terminal - and the ground terminal of the comparator 30 . On the non-inverting input terminal + and the inverting input terminal - of the comparator 30 , the resistor, the resistor R320 , the heating wire R33 , and the resistor R350 connected in series in the switched resistor circuit 31 form a bridge circuit structure.
在此橋式電路架構下，在比較器30的非反向輸入端+上的電壓V1可表示切換式電阻電路31中串聯的電阻器的總電阻值Rusum（即表示目標溫度），在比較器30的反向輸入端-上的電壓V2可表示加熱元件33的電阻值（即加熱絲R33的電阻值）。比較器30比較電壓V1與V2，且根據比較結果來產生輸出信號CMPO。由於總電阻值Rusum是根據預設溫度資料DT決定且加熱元件33的電阻值是隨加熱元件33的溫度改變，因此，透過比較電壓V1與V2獲得的輸出信號CMPO可表示加熱元件33的溫度與目標溫度之間的關係。判斷電路40接收輸出信號CMPO，且將輸出信號CMPO的值暫時儲存在記憶體400，作為定溫判斷資料。Under this bridge circuit structure, the voltage V1 on the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 can represent the total resistance value Rusum (ie, the target temperature) of the resistors connected in series in the switching resistor circuit 31, and the comparator The voltage V2 on the inverting input terminal- of 30 may represent the resistance value of the heating element 33 (ie the resistance value of the heating wire R33). The comparator 30 compares the voltages V1 and V2, and generates an output signal CMPO according to the comparison result. Since the total resistance value Rusum is determined according to the preset temperature data DT and the resistance value of the heating element 33 changes with the temperature of the heating element 33 , the output signal CMPO obtained by comparing the voltages V1 and V2 can represent the temperature of the heating element 33 and the temperature of the heating element 33 . relationship between target temperatures. The judging circuit 40 receives the output signal CMPO, and temporarily stores the value of the output signal CMPO in the memory 400 as the constant temperature judgment data.
當加熱系統1接著進入定電壓判斷期間時，判斷電路40自記憶體400讀取預設電壓資料DV，且根據預設電壓資料DV產生控制信號S100~S103。加熱電路310的開關SW100~SW103分別根據控制信號S100~S103而導通或關斷。反應於控制信號S100~S103，決定了在電阻器R100~R103中那些電阻器串聯於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間，藉以決定切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum。在定電壓判斷期間中，脈波產生器41根據模式信號Smode來產生切換信號SWHT、SWT、與SWV以及控制信號S36。詳細來說，在定電壓判斷期間中，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWV以導通開關SW321，產生切換信號SWT以關斷開關SW320與SW350，且產生切換信號SWHT以關斷加熱開關34。脈波產生器41更產生控制信號S36，使得切換電路36將參考電壓端T30耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。此時，電阻器R321耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與接地端之間，且參考電壓VREF提供至比較器30的反向輸入端-，即電壓V2等於參考電壓VREF。在一實施例中，參考電壓VREF是根據預設電壓資料DV所表示的目標電壓來決定。When the heating system 1 then enters the constant voltage determination period, the determination circuit 40 reads the preset voltage data DV from the memory 400, and generates the control signals S100-S103 according to the preset voltage data DV. The switches SW100 ˜ SW103 of the heating circuit 310 are respectively turned on or off according to the control signals S100 ˜ S103 . In response to the control signals S100 ˜ S103 , it is determined that among the resistors R100 ˜ R103 those resistors are connected in series between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 , thereby determining the total resistance value Rusum of the switching resistor circuit 31 . During the constant voltage determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signals SWHT, SWT, and SWV and the control signal S36 according to the mode signal Smode. Specifically, during the constant voltage determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWV to turn on the switch SW321 , the switching signal SWT to turn off the switches SW320 and SW350 , and the switching signal SWHT to turn off the heating switch 34 . The pulse generator 41 further generates a control signal S36 , so that the switching circuit 36 couples the reference voltage terminal T30 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . At this time, the resistor R321 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + and the ground terminal of the comparator 30, and the reference voltage VREF is provided to the inverting input terminal - of the comparator 30, ie, the voltage V2 is equal to the reference voltage VREF. In one embodiment, the reference voltage VREF is determined according to the target voltage represented by the preset voltage data DV.
在上述的電路架構下，透過電阻器R321與切換式電阻電路31的串連之電阻器的分壓，在比較器30的非反向輸入端+上的電壓V1可表示電壓VBAT，在比較器30的反向輸入端-上的電壓V2等於參考電壓VREF。比較器30比較電壓V1與V2，且根據比較結果來產生輸出信號CMPO。由於電壓V1表示電壓VBAT，因此，透過比較電壓V1與V2獲得的輸出信號CMPO可表示電壓VBAT與參考電壓VREF之間的關係，藉此可知電壓VBAT是否因為電池壽命而變化，即電壓VBAT是否低於或高於目標電壓。判斷電路40接收輸出信號CMPO，且將輸出信號CMPO的值暫時儲存在記憶體400，作為定電壓判斷資料。Under the above-mentioned circuit structure, the voltage V1 on the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 can represent the voltage VBAT through the voltage division between the resistor R321 and the resistor connected in series with the switched resistor circuit 31, and the voltage VBAT on the comparator 30 The voltage V2 on the inverting input terminal- of 30 is equal to the reference voltage VREF. The comparator 30 compares the voltages V1 and V2, and generates an output signal CMPO according to the comparison result. Since the voltage V1 represents the voltage VBAT, the output signal CMPO obtained by comparing the voltages V1 and V2 can represent the relationship between the voltage VBAT and the reference voltage VREF, so as to know whether the voltage VBAT changes due to battery life, that is, whether the voltage VBAT is low at or above the target voltage. The judgment circuit 40 receives the output signal CMPO, and temporarily stores the value of the output signal CMPO in the memory 400 as constant voltage judgment data.
在定溫判斷期間與定電壓判斷期間之後，加熱系統1接著進入加熱期間。在加熱期間，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWT以關斷開關SW320與SW350，且產生切換信號SWV以關斷開關SW321。此外，脈波產生器41還產生切換信號SWHT以導通加熱開關34。此時，脈波產生器41產生控制信號S36，以控制切換電路36將節點N33或參考電壓端T30耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。在其他實施例中，切換電路36可不耦接節點N33以及參考電壓端T30，也就是，比較器30的反向輸入端-處於浮接狀態。在加熱期間，加熱系統1依據其模式而有不同的操作。After the constant temperature judgment period and the constant voltage judgment period, the heating system 1 then enters the heating period. During the heating period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWT to turn off the switches SW320 and SW350, and generates the switching signal SWV to turn off the switch SW321. In addition, the pulse generator 41 also generates the switching signal SWHT to turn on the heating switch 34 . At this time, the pulse generator 41 generates a control signal S36 to control the switching circuit 36 to couple the node N33 or the reference voltage terminal T30 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . In other embodiments, the switching circuit 36 may not be coupled to the node N33 and the reference voltage terminal T30, that is, the inverting input terminal of the comparator 30 is in a floating state. During heating, the heating system 1 operates differently depending on its mode.
在加熱期間，當加熱系統1是在定溫模式時，判斷電路40根據模式信號Smode而自記憶體410讀取在定溫判斷期間獲得的定溫判斷資料，且根據定溫判斷資料產生一判斷信號S40。當定溫判斷資料表示電壓V1小於電壓V2，表示總電阻值Rusum大於加熱絲R33的電阻值，即加熱絲R33的溫度較低。此時，判斷電路40判斷出需延長加熱電流通過加熱絲R33的時間，藉此提高加熱絲R33的溫度。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來增加切換信號SWHT的工作週期。當定溫判斷資料表示電壓V1電壓大於V2，表示總電阻值Rusum小於加熱絲R33的電阻值，即加熱絲R33的溫度較高。此時，判斷電路40判斷出需縮短加熱電流通過加熱絲R33的時間，藉此降低加熱絲R33的溫度。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來減少切換信號SWHT的工作週期。在此實施例中，於定溫模式下，切換信號SWHT的工作週期每次增加/減少的幅度可預先決定或依據電壓V1與電壓V2間的差距來決定。透過增加或減少切換信號SWHT的工作週期，使得加熱電流流經加熱絲R330的時間延長或縮短，藉此提高或降低加熱絲R33的溫度。如此一來，透過控制電路的操作11，可使得加熱絲R33的溫度維持在一固定溫度值，穩定地對電子菸2的菸油匣加熱。During heating, when the heating system 1 is in the constant temperature mode, the judgment circuit 40 reads the constant temperature judgment data obtained during the constant temperature judgment period from the memory 410 according to the mode signal Smode, and generates a judgment according to the constant temperature judgment data Signal S40. When the constant temperature judgment data indicates that the voltage V1 is less than the voltage V2, it indicates that the total resistance value Rusum is greater than the resistance value of the heating wire R33, that is, the temperature of the heating wire R33 is lower. At this time, the judgment circuit 40 judges that the time for the heating current to pass through the heating wire R33 needs to be prolonged, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 increases the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. When the constant temperature judgment data indicates that the voltage V1 is greater than V2, it indicates that the total resistance value Rusum is smaller than the resistance value of the heating wire R33, that is, the temperature of the heating wire R33 is higher. At this time, the judgment circuit 40 judges that the time for the heating current to pass through the heating wire R33 needs to be shortened, thereby reducing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 reduces the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. In this embodiment, in the constant temperature mode, the magnitude of each increase/decrease of the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT may be predetermined or determined according to the difference between the voltage V1 and the voltage V2. By increasing or decreasing the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT, the time that the heating current flows through the heating wire R330 is prolonged or shortened, thereby increasing or decreasing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this way, through the operation 11 of the control circuit, the temperature of the heating wire R33 can be maintained at a fixed temperature value to stably heat the e-liquid cartridge of the electronic cigarette 2 .
在加熱期間，當加熱系統1是在定電壓模式時，判斷電路40根據模式信號Smode而自記憶體410讀取在定電壓判斷期間的定電壓判斷資料，且根據定電壓判斷資料產生判斷信號S40。當定壓判斷資料表示電壓V1小於電壓V2，表示電壓VBAT降低（例如，低於目標電壓）。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來增大切換信號SWHT的工作週期。當定壓判斷資料表示電壓V1大於電壓V2，表示電壓VBAT提高（例如，高於目標電壓）。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來減小切換信號SWHT的工作週期。在此實施例中，透過使電池電壓VBAT的大小與切換信號SWHT的工作週期的乘積為一固定值，來實現定電壓操作。During the heating period, when the heating system 1 is in the constant voltage mode, the judgment circuit 40 reads the constant voltage judgment data during the constant voltage judgment period from the memory 410 according to the mode signal Smode, and generates the judgment signal S40 according to the constant voltage judgment data . When the constant voltage judgment data indicates that the voltage V1 is lower than the voltage V2, it indicates that the voltage VBAT is lowered (for example, lower than the target voltage). In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 increases the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. When the constant voltage judgment data indicates that the voltage V1 is greater than the voltage V2, it indicates that the voltage VBAT is increased (for example, higher than the target voltage). In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 reduces the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. In this embodiment, the constant voltage operation is realized by making the product of the magnitude of the battery voltage VBAT and the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT to be a fixed value.
接著，在下文中將參閱第3~5圖來說明根據本發明第二實施例，加熱系統1在一操作週期中的操作。Next, the operation of the heating system 1 in an operation cycle according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 .
此實施例中，記憶體400除了儲存預設溫度資料DT，還儲存電壓週期對照表TV。儲存的預設溫度資料DT具有四個位元，對應可變電阻電路310中電阻-開關電路的數量（電阻-開關電路100~103共四個），也對應控制信號的數量（控制信號S100~S103共四個）。在此實施例中，判斷電路40內部具有一四位元的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0），其對應一溫度值。位元S3、S2、S1、S0分別對應控制信號S103、S102、S101、S100。In this embodiment, in addition to storing the preset temperature data DT, the memory 400 also stores a voltage period comparison table TV. The stored preset temperature data DT has four bits, which correspond to the number of resistor-switch circuits in the variable resistor circuit 310 (four resistor-switch circuits 100 to 103 in total), and also correspond to the number of control signals (control signals S100 to S100 to 103 ). A total of four S103). In this embodiment, the judging circuit 40 has a four-bit control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0), which corresponds to a temperature value. The bits S3, S2, S1, and S0 correspond to the control signals S103, S102, S101, and S100, respectively.
當加熱系統1進入定溫判斷期間時，判斷電路40先將控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）設定為初始值（1,0,0,0）（參閱第5圖），且根據此控制數值CV產生控制信號S103~S100。電阻-開關電路103的開關SW103導通，而電阻-開關電路102~100的開關SW102~SW100關閉，使得僅電阻器R103串聯於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間，藉以決定切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum。此時，可變電阻電路310中串聯的電阻器的電阻值總和對應控制數值CV（1,0,0,0）所表示的溫度值。由於電阻器311的電阻值為固定，因此，總電阻值Rusum也對應控制數值CV（1,0,0,0）所表示的溫度值。在定溫判斷期間中，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWT以導通開關SW320與SW350，且產生切換信號SWV以及SWHT以分別關斷開關SW321以及加熱開關34。脈波產生器41更產生控制信號S36，使得切換電路36將節點N33耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。此時，電阻器R320耦接於比較器30的非反向輸入端+與接地端之間，而電阻器R350耦接於比較器30的反向輸入端-與接地端之間。在比較器30的非反向輸入端+與反向輸入端-上，切換式電阻電路31中串聯的電阻器、電阻器R320、加熱絲R33、以及電阻器R350形成一橋式電路架構。When the heating system 1 enters the constant temperature judgment period, the judgment circuit 40 firstly sets the control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0) to the initial value (1, 0, 0, 0) (refer to Fig. 5), and according to The control value CV generates control signals S103-S100. The switch SW103 of the resistor-switch circuit 103 is turned on, and the switches SW102-SW100 of the resistor-switch circuit 102-100 are turned off, so that only the resistor R103 is connected in series between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30, so as to determine The total resistance value Rusum of the switched resistance circuit 31 . At this time, the sum of the resistance values of the resistors connected in series in the variable resistance circuit 310 corresponds to the temperature value represented by the control value CV(1,0,0,0). Since the resistance value of the resistor 311 is fixed, the total resistance value Rusum also corresponds to the temperature value represented by the control value CV(1,0,0,0). During the constant temperature determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWT to turn on the switches SW320 and SW350, and generates the switching signals SWV and SWHT to turn off the switch SW321 and the heating switch 34, respectively. The pulse generator 41 further generates a control signal S36 , so that the switching circuit 36 couples the node N33 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . At this time, the resistor R320 is coupled between the non-inverting input terminal + and the ground terminal of the comparator 30 , and the resistor R350 is coupled between the inverting input terminal - and the ground terminal of the comparator 30 . On the non-inverting input terminal + and the inverting input terminal - of the comparator 30 , the resistor, the resistor R320 , the heating wire R33 , and the resistor R350 connected in series in the switched resistor circuit 31 form a bridge circuit structure.
在此橋式電路架構下，在比較器30的非反向輸入端+上的電壓V1可表示切換式電阻電路31中串聯的電阻器的總電阻值Rusum（對應控制數值CV（1,0,0,0）所表示的溫度值），在比較器30的反向輸入端-上的電壓V2可表示加熱元件33的電阻值（即加熱絲R33的電阻值）。比較器30比較電壓V1與V2，且根據比較結果來產生輸出信號CMPO。透過比較電壓V1與V2獲得的輸出信號CMPO可表示加熱元件33的溫度與控制數值CV（1,0,0,0）所表示的溫度值之間的關係。判斷電路40接收輸出信號CMPO，且根據輸出信號CMPO來確定位元B3。詳細來說，參閱第5圖，若輸出信號CMPO表示電壓V1大於電壓V2（第5圖中，以”CMPO=1”來表示），判斷電路40則保持位元B3（B3=1）；若輸出信號CMPO表示電壓V1小於電壓V2（第5圖中，以”CMPO=0”來表示），判斷電路40則改變位元B3為0（B3=0）。在確定位元B3之後，判斷電路40則改變位元B3的下一位元B2為1（B2=1）。Under this bridge circuit structure, the voltage V1 on the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 can represent the total resistance value Rusum of the resistors connected in series in the switched resistance circuit 31 (corresponding to the control value CV(1,0, 0,0), the voltage V2 on the inverting input terminal - of the comparator 30 can represent the resistance value of the heating element 33 (ie the resistance value of the heating wire R33). The comparator 30 compares the voltages V1 and V2, and generates an output signal CMPO according to the comparison result. The output signal CMPO obtained by comparing the voltages V1 and V2 can represent the relationship between the temperature of the heating element 33 and the temperature value represented by the control value CV(1,0,0,0). The determination circuit 40 receives the output signal CMPO, and determines the bit B3 according to the output signal CMPO. In detail, referring to FIG. 5, if the output signal CMPO indicates that the voltage V1 is greater than the voltage V2 (represented by “CMPO=1” in FIG. 5), the judging circuit 40 keeps the bit B3 (B3=1); if The output signal CMPO indicates that the voltage V1 is lower than the voltage V2 (in FIG. 5 , represented by “CMPO=0”), and the judgment circuit 40 changes the bit B3 to 0 (B3=0). After determining the bit B3, the judging circuit 40 changes the next bit B2 of the bit B3 to 1 (B2=1).
接著，判斷電路40根據控制數值CV（1,1,0,0）或CV（0,1,0,0）產生控制信號S103~S100。電阻-開關電路103與102的開關SW103與SW102分別根據控制信號S103與S102導通，而電阻-開關電路101與100的開關SW101與SW100分別根據控制信號S101與S100關閉，使得電阻器R103與E102串聯於節點N30與比較器30的非反向輸入端+之間，藉以決定切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum。基於前述的橋式電路架構以及透過上述比較器30對電壓V1與V2的比較操作，比較器30根據比較結果來產生輸出信號CMPO。橋式電路架構以及比較器30的比較操作請參閱前文段落，在此省略相關敘述。此時，判斷電路40接收輸出信號CMPO，且根據輸出信號CMPO來確定位元B2。詳細來說，參閱第5圖，若輸出信號CMPO表示電壓V1大於電壓V2，判斷電路40則保持位元B2（B2=1）；若輸出信號CMPO表示電壓V1小於電壓V2，判斷電路40則改變位元B2為0（B2=0）。在確定位元B2之後，判斷電路40則改變位元B2的下一位元B1為1（B1=1）。接著，判斷電路40根據控制數值CV（1,1,1,0）、CV（1,0,1,0）、CV（0,1,1,0）、（0,0,1,0）產生控制信號S103~S100。以此類推，依據第5圖所示的流程，判斷電路40以一預設規則，例如二進位搜尋法，來決定最終的控制數值CV，加熱元件33的當前溫度。如第5圖所示，最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）有十六種組合。判斷電路40根據最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）產生控制信號S103~S100，即控制信號S103~S100的最終值對應最終的控制數值CV。反應於控制信號S103~S100而決定的切換式電阻電路31的總電阻值Rusum則可表示加熱元件33的當前溫度。因此，根據本發明之實施例，判斷電路40係以二進位搜尋法逼近加熱元件33的當前溫度。在獲得最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）後，判斷電路40比較最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）與預設溫度資料DT之數值（即對應目標溫度的預設值），且將比較結果儲存在記憶體40，作為定溫判斷資料。Next, the determination circuit 40 generates the control signals S103 to S100 according to the control value CV(1,1,0,0) or CV(0,1,0,0). The switches SW103 and SW102 of the resistor-switch circuits 103 and 102 are turned on according to the control signals S103 and S102 respectively, while the switches SW101 and SW100 of the resistor-switch circuits 101 and 100 are turned off according to the control signals S101 and S100 respectively, so that the resistors R103 and E102 are connected in series Between the node N30 and the non-inverting input terminal + of the comparator 30 , the total resistance value Rusum of the switched resistance circuit 31 is determined. Based on the aforementioned bridge circuit structure and the comparison operation of the voltages V1 and V2 through the comparator 30 , the comparator 30 generates the output signal CMPO according to the comparison result. For the bridge circuit structure and the comparison operation of the comparator 30, please refer to the preceding paragraphs, and the related description is omitted here. At this time, the judgment circuit 40 receives the output signal CMPO, and determines the bit B2 according to the output signal CMPO. In detail, referring to FIG. 5, if the output signal CMPO indicates that the voltage V1 is greater than the voltage V2, the judging circuit 40 keeps the bit B2 (B2=1); if the output signal CMPO indicates that the voltage V1 is less than the voltage V2, the judging circuit 40 changes Bit B2 is 0 (B2=0). After determining the bit B2, the judging circuit 40 changes the next bit B1 of the bit B2 to 1 (B1=1). Next, the judging circuit 40 uses the control values CV(1,1,1,0), CV(1,0,1,0), CV(0,1,1,0), (0,0,1,0) Control signals S103 to S100 are generated. By analogy, according to the process shown in FIG. 5 , the determination circuit 40 determines the final control value CV and the current temperature of the heating element 33 according to a predetermined rule, such as a binary search method. As shown in Figure 5, the final control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0) has sixteen combinations. The judgment circuit 40 generates the control signals S103 - S100 according to the final control values CV ( S3 , S2 , S1 , S0 ), that is, the final values of the control signals S103 - S100 correspond to the final control values CV. The total resistance value Rusum of the switching resistance circuit 31 determined in response to the control signals S103 - S100 can represent the current temperature of the heating element 33 . Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the judgment circuit 40 approximates the current temperature of the heating element 33 by a binary search method. After obtaining the final control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0), the judgment circuit 40 compares the final control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0) with the value of the preset temperature data DT (ie the value corresponding to the target temperature The default value), and the comparison result is stored in the memory 40 as the constant temperature judgment data.
當加熱系統1接著進入定電壓判斷期間時，判斷電路40先將控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）設定為初始值（1,0,0,0）（參閱第5圖），且根據此控制數值CV產生控制信號S103~S100。此外，在定電壓判斷期間中，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWV以導通開關SW321，產生切換信號SWT以關斷開關SW320與SW350，且產生切換信號SWHT以關斷加熱開關34。脈波產生器41更產生控制信號S36，使得切換電路36將參考電壓端T30耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。When the heating system 1 then enters the constant voltage judgment period, the judgment circuit 40 first sets the control values CV (S3, S2, S1, S0) to the initial values (1, 0, 0, 0) (refer to FIG. 5 ), and Control signals S103 to S100 are generated according to the control value CV. In addition, during the constant voltage determination period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWV to turn on the switch SW321 , the switching signal SWT to turn off the switches SW320 and SW350 , and the switching signal SWHT to turn off the heating switch 34 . The pulse generator 41 further generates a control signal S36 , so that the switching circuit 36 couples the reference voltage terminal T30 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 .
同樣地，透過比較器30的操作以及判斷電路40的二進位搜尋法（二進位搜尋法請參閱前文與第5圖，在此省略），決定了最終的控制數值CV。在定電壓判斷期間，最終的控制數值CV係表示電壓VBAT的大小。在獲得最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）後，判斷電路40將最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0）儲存在記憶體40，作為定電壓判斷資料。Similarly, the final control value CV is determined through the operation of the comparator 30 and the binary search method of the judgment circuit 40 (please refer to the above and FIG. 5 for the binary search method, which is omitted here). During the constant voltage judgment period, the final control value CV represents the magnitude of the voltage VBAT. After obtaining the final control values CV ( S3 , S2 , S1 , S0 ), the judgment circuit 40 stores the final control values CV ( S3 , S2 , S1 , S0 ) in the memory 40 as constant voltage judgment data.
在定溫判斷期間與定電壓判斷期間之後，加熱系統1接著進入加熱期間。在加熱期間，脈波產生器41產生切換信號SWT以關斷開關SW320與SW350，且產生切換信號STV以關斷開關SW321。此外，脈波產生器41還產生切換信號SWHT以導通加熱開關34。此時，脈波產生器41產生控制信號S36，以控制切換電路36將節點N33或參考電壓端T30耦接至比較器30的反向輸入端-。在其他實施例中，切換電路36可不耦接節點N33以及參考電壓端T30，也就是，比較器30的反向輸入端-處於浮接狀態。在加熱期間，加熱系統1依據其模式而不同的操作。After the constant temperature judgment period and the constant voltage judgment period, the heating system 1 then enters the heating period. During the heating period, the pulse generator 41 generates the switching signal SWT to turn off the switches SW320 and SW350, and generates the switching signal STV to turn off the switch SW321. In addition, the pulse generator 41 also generates the switching signal SWHT to turn on the heating switch 34 . At this time, the pulse generator 41 generates a control signal S36 to control the switching circuit 36 to couple the node N33 or the reference voltage terminal T30 to the inverting input terminal − of the comparator 30 . In other embodiments, the switching circuit 36 may not be coupled to the node N33 and the reference voltage terminal T30, that is, the inverting input terminal of the comparator 30 is in a floating state. During heating, the heating system 1 operates differently depending on its mode.
在加熱期間，當加熱系統1操作在定溫模式時，判斷電路40根據模式信號Smode而自記憶體410讀取在定溫判斷期間獲得的定溫判斷資料，且根據定溫判斷資料產生一判斷信號S40。當定溫判斷資料表示最終的控制數值CV小於預設溫度資料DT之數值，表示加熱元件33的當前溫度低於目標溫度。此時，判斷電路40判斷出需延長加熱電流通過加熱絲R33的時間，藉此提高加熱絲R33的溫度。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來增加切換信號SWHT的工作週期。當定溫判斷資料表示最終的控制數值CV大於預設溫度資料DT之數值，表示加熱元件33的當前溫度高於目標溫度。此時，判斷電路40判斷出需縮短加熱電流通過加熱絲R33的時間，藉此降低加熱絲R33的溫度。在此情況下，判斷電路40產生對應的判斷信號S40，且脈波產生器41根據判斷信號S40來減少切換信號SWHT的工作週期。在此實施例中，於定溫模式下，切換信號SWHT的工作週期每次增加/減少的幅度可預先決定或依據電壓V1與電壓V2間的差距來決定。透過增加或減少切換信號SWHT的工作週期，使得加熱電流流經加熱絲R330的時間延長或縮短，藉此提高或降低加熱絲R33的溫度。如此一來，透過控制電路的操作11，可使得加熱絲R33的溫度維持在一固定溫度值，穩定地對電子菸2的菸油匣加熱。During heating, when the heating system 1 operates in the constant temperature mode, the determination circuit 40 reads the constant temperature determination data obtained during the constant temperature determination from the memory 410 according to the mode signal Smode, and generates a determination according to the constant temperature determination data. Signal S40. When the constant temperature judgment data indicates that the final control value CV is smaller than the value of the preset temperature data DT, it indicates that the current temperature of the heating element 33 is lower than the target temperature. At this time, the judgment circuit 40 judges that the time for the heating current to pass through the heating wire R33 needs to be prolonged, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 increases the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. When the constant temperature judgment data indicates that the final control value CV is greater than the value of the preset temperature data DT, it indicates that the current temperature of the heating element 33 is higher than the target temperature. At this time, the judgment circuit 40 judges that the time for the heating current to pass through the heating wire R33 needs to be shortened, thereby reducing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this case, the judgment circuit 40 generates a corresponding judgment signal S40, and the pulse generator 41 reduces the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT according to the judgment signal S40. In this embodiment, in the constant temperature mode, the magnitude of each increase/decrease of the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT may be predetermined or determined according to the difference between the voltage V1 and the voltage V2. By increasing or decreasing the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT, the time that the heating current flows through the heating wire R330 is prolonged or shortened, thereby increasing or decreasing the temperature of the heating wire R33. In this way, through the operation 11 of the control circuit, the temperature of the heating wire R33 can be maintained at a fixed temperature value to stably heat the e-liquid cartridge of the electronic cigarette 2 .
在加熱期間，當加熱系統1操作在定電壓模式時，判斷電路40根據模式信號Smode而自記憶體410讀取電壓週期對照表TV以及在定電壓判斷期間獲得的定電壓判斷資料（即最終的控制數值CV（S3,S2,S1,S0），用以表示電壓VBAT的大小）。判斷電路40則根據定電壓判斷資料來對電壓週期對照表TV進行查找，以獲得一對應的工作週期，作為切換信號SWHT的工作週期。舉例來說，當電池電壓VBAT增加時，判斷電路40查找電壓週期對照表TV獲得的工作週期較小；而當電池電壓VBAT減少時，判斷電路40查找電壓週期對照表TV獲得的工作週期較大。在此實施例中，透過使電池電壓VBAT的大小與獲得的工作週期的乘積為一固定值，來達到定電壓控制的要求。根據上述，電池電壓VBAT與切換信號SWHT的工作週期之間的關係已儲存在電壓週期對照表TV中。透過根據當前電池電壓VBAT的大小來查找電壓週期對照表TV以獲得切換信號SWHT的工作週期，實現了定電壓操作。During the heating period, when the heating system 1 operates in the constant voltage mode, the judgment circuit 40 reads the voltage cycle comparison table TV and the constant voltage judgment data obtained during the constant voltage judgment period from the memory 410 according to the mode signal Smode (ie the final The control value CV (S3, S2, S1, S0) is used to represent the magnitude of the voltage VBAT). The judgment circuit 40 searches the voltage period comparison table TV according to the constant voltage judgment data to obtain a corresponding working period as the working period of the switching signal SWHT. For example, when the battery voltage VBAT increases, the judging circuit 40 searches the voltage cycle comparison table TV to obtain a smaller duty cycle; and when the battery voltage VBAT decreases, the judging circuit 40 searches the voltage cycle comparison table TV to obtain a larger duty cycle. . In this embodiment, the requirement of constant voltage control is achieved by making the product of the magnitude of the battery voltage VBAT and the obtained duty cycle to be a fixed value. According to the above, the relationship between the battery voltage VBAT and the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT has been stored in the voltage cycle comparison table TV. The constant voltage operation is realized by searching the voltage cycle comparison table TV according to the magnitude of the current battery voltage VBAT to obtain the duty cycle of the switching signal SWHT.
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.
