TWI745771B - Turbine wheel and rotor shaft joining method and turbo rotor - Google Patents
Turbine wheel and rotor shaft joining method and turbo rotor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
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本發明係相關於一種渦輪轉子頭及軸身的接合方法，尤指一種可增加焊接可靠度的渦輪轉子的製造方法。 The invention relates to a method for joining a turbine rotor head and a shaft body, and particularly to a method for manufacturing a turbine rotor that can increase the reliability of welding.
一般而言，渦輪增壓器是利用內燃機的排放氣體帶動渦輪增壓器的渦輪轉子轉動，而渦輪轉子會進一步對內燃機的進氣通道中的氣體增壓，以提高內燃機的功率。渦輪增壓器的渦輪轉子主要包含一渦輪轉子頭以及一軸身。由於渦輪轉子頭以及軸身的材料差異，軸身通常需經由一焊接材料焊接至渦輪轉子頭。舉例來說，渦輪轉子頭可以是由鈦合金所製成，而軸身可以是由碳鋼所製成，為了將軸身焊接至渦輪轉子頭，焊接材料必須能同時和鈦合金及碳鋼進行焊接。然而上述焊接材料的選擇相當少，且焊接複雜度因三種不同材料之間的焊接而增加。 Generally speaking, the turbocharger uses the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine to drive the turbine rotor of the turbocharger to rotate, and the turbine rotor will further pressurize the gas in the intake passage of the internal combustion engine to increase the power of the internal combustion engine. The turbine rotor of the turbocharger mainly includes a turbine rotor head and a shaft body. Due to the material difference between the turbine rotor head and the shaft body, the shaft body usually needs to be welded to the turbine rotor head through a welding material. For example, the turbine rotor head can be made of titanium alloy, and the shaft body can be made of carbon steel. In order to weld the shaft body to the turbine rotor head, the welding material must be able to be made of titanium alloy and carbon steel at the same time. welding. However, the selection of the above-mentioned welding materials is relatively small, and the welding complexity is increased due to the welding between three different materials.
本發明之目的在於提供一種可增加焊接可靠度的渦輪轉子頭及軸身的接合方法，以解決先前技術的問題。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for joining a turbine rotor head and a shaft body that can increase the welding reliability, so as to solve the problems of the prior art.
本發明渦輪轉子頭及軸身的接合方法包含提供一渦輪轉子頭，其中該渦輪轉子頭具有複數個葉片；提供一軸身；提供一連接件設置於該渦輪轉子頭及該軸身之間；以及沿一虛擬焊接線發射一電子束或一雷射束以焊接該連接件至該渦輪轉子頭及該軸身，其中該連接件和該軸身之間的一第一接觸面以及該連接件和該渦輪轉子頭之間的一第二接觸面的至少其中之一是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 The method for joining a turbine rotor head and a shaft body of the present invention includes providing a turbine rotor head, wherein the turbine rotor head has a plurality of blades; providing a shaft body; providing a connecting member disposed between the turbine rotor head and the shaft body; and An electron beam or a laser beam is emitted along a virtual welding line to weld the connecting member to the turbine rotor head and the shaft body, wherein a first contact surface between the connecting member and the shaft body and the connecting member and At least one of the second contact surfaces between the turbine rotor heads extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually moves away from the virtual welding line.
在本發明渦輪轉子頭與軸身之接合方法的一實施例中，該連接件和該渦輪轉子頭之間的該第二接觸面是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 In an embodiment of the joining method of the turbine rotor head and the shaft body of the present invention, the second contact surface between the connecting member and the turbine rotor head extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually moves away from the virtual shaft. Welding line.
在本發明渦輪轉子頭與軸身之接合方法的一實施例中，該連接件和該軸身之間的該第一接觸面是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 In an embodiment of the joining method of the turbine rotor head and the shaft body of the present invention, the first contact surface between the connecting member and the shaft body extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually away from the virtual welding String.
在本發明渦輪轉子頭與軸身之接合方法的一實施例中，該渦輪轉子頭是由鈦鋁合金所製成，該連接件是由銅或鎳所製成，該軸身是由鋼所製成。 In an embodiment of the joining method of the turbine rotor head and the shaft body of the present invention, the turbine rotor head is made of titanium aluminum alloy, the connecting piece is made of copper or nickel, and the shaft body is made of steel. production.
在本發明渦輪轉子頭與軸身之接合方法的一實施例中，該軸身包含一碳鋼部以及一不銹鋼部設置於該碳鋼部以及該連接件之間。 In an embodiment of the joining method of the turbine rotor head and the shaft body of the present invention, the shaft body includes a carbon steel part and a stainless steel part disposed between the carbon steel part and the connecting member.
本發明渦輪轉子包含一渦輪轉子頭，一軸身，以及一連接件。該渦輪轉子頭具有複數個葉片。該連接件設置於該渦輪轉子頭及該軸身之間。該連接件是沿一虛擬焊接線發射一電子束或一雷射束以焊接至該渦輪轉子頭及該軸身。該連接件和該軸身之間的一第一接觸面以及該連接件和該渦輪轉子頭之 間的一第二接觸面的至少其中之一是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 The turbine rotor of the present invention includes a turbine rotor head, a shaft body, and a connecting piece. The turbine rotor head has a plurality of blades. The connecting piece is arranged between the turbine rotor head and the shaft body. The connecting piece emits an electron beam or a laser beam along a virtual welding line to be welded to the turbine rotor head and the shaft body. A first contact surface between the connecting piece and the shaft and the connection between the connecting piece and the turbine rotor head At least one of the second contact surfaces therebetween extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually moves away from the virtual welding line.
在本發明渦輪轉子的一實施例中，該連接件和該渦輪轉子頭之間的該第二接觸面是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 In an embodiment of the turbine rotor of the present invention, the second contact surface between the connecting piece and the turbine rotor head extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually moves away from the virtual welding line.
在本發明渦輪轉子的一實施例中，該連接件和該軸身之間的該第一接觸面是從該渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離該虛擬焊接線。 In an embodiment of the turbine rotor of the present invention, the first contact surface between the connecting member and the shaft body extends outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually moves away from the virtual welding line.
在本發明渦輪轉子的一實施例中，該渦輪轉子頭是由鈦鋁合金所製成，該連接件是由銅或鎳所製成，該軸身是由鋼所製成。 In an embodiment of the turbine rotor of the present invention, the turbine rotor head is made of titanium aluminum alloy, the connecting piece is made of copper or nickel, and the shaft body is made of steel.
在本發明渦輪轉子的一實施例中，該軸身包含一碳鋼部以及一不銹鋼部設置於該碳鋼部以及該連接件之間。 In an embodiment of the turbine rotor of the present invention, the shaft body includes a carbon steel part and a stainless steel part disposed between the carbon steel part and the connecting member.
相較於先前技術，本發明渦輪轉子的連接件是由銅或鎳所製成，以避免在焊接過程中渦輪轉子頭中的鈦元素和軸身中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質。另外，連接件和軸身之間的第一接觸面以及連接件和渦輪轉子頭之間的第二接觸面可以從渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊接線，以增加渦輪轉子的焊接可靠度並減少產生脆性材質的機率。再者，軸身可包含不銹鋼部以在焊接過程中進一步減少渦輪轉子頭中的鈦元素和軸身中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質的機率。因此本發明渦輪轉子可以具有較佳的焊接可靠度和結構強度。 Compared with the prior art, the connecting parts of the turbine rotor of the present invention are made of copper or nickel to prevent the titanium element in the turbine rotor head from directly combining with the iron element in the shaft body during the welding process to produce brittle materials. In addition, the first contact surface between the connecting piece and the shaft body and the second contact surface between the connecting piece and the turbine rotor head may extend outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually move away from the virtual welding line to increase the turbine rotor Welding reliability and reduce the chance of producing brittle materials. Furthermore, the shaft body may include a stainless steel part to further reduce the probability that the titanium element in the turbine rotor head and the iron element in the shaft body are directly combined to produce a brittle material during the welding process. Therefore, the turbine rotor of the present invention can have better welding reliability and structural strength.
100、200、300、400、500、600:渦輪轉子 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600: turbine rotor
110、210、310、410、510、610:渦輪轉子頭 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610: Turbine rotor head
112:葉片 112: blade
120、220、320、420、520、620:軸身 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620: shaft
222、422、622:碳鋼部 222, 422, 622: Carbon Steel Department
224、424、624:不銹鋼部 224, 424, 624: Stainless steel part
130、230、330、430、530、630:連接件 130, 230, 330, 430, 530, 630: connectors
S1:第一接觸面 S1: first contact surface
S2:第二接觸面 S2: second contact surface
L:虛擬焊接線 L: Virtual welding line
R:旋轉軸 R: Rotation axis
第1圖是本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子的***圖。 Figure 1 is an exploded view of the turbine rotor of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖是本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the turbine rotor of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖是本發明第二實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖是本發明第三實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖是本發明第四實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖是本發明第五實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖是本發明第六實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
請同時參考第1圖及第2圖。第1圖是本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子的***圖，第2圖是本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如圖所示，本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子100包含一渦輪轉子頭110、一軸身120以及一連接件130。渦輪轉子頭110具有複數個葉片112。連接件130是設置於渦輪轉子頭110及軸身120之間，用以連接至渦輪轉子頭110及軸身120。軸身120是用以經由連接件130支撐渦輪轉子頭110。在本發明第一實施例中，渦輪轉子頭110是由鈦鋁合金所製成，連接件130是由銅或鎳所製成，軸身120是由碳鋼所製成。為了將連接件130連接至渦輪轉子頭110及軸身120，本發明第一實施例是沿一虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件130焊接至渦輪轉子頭110及軸身120。連接件130中的銅元素可以在焊接過程中避免渦輪轉子頭110中的鈦元素和軸身120中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質，進而影響到渦輪轉子100的結構強度。
Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 at the same time. Figure 1 is an exploded view of the turbine rotor of the first embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the turbine rotor of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the
另外，電子束或雷射束的能量強度會隨著焊接深度而減少。在本發明第一實施例中，為了增加渦輪轉子100的焊接可靠度，連接件130和軸身120之間的一第一接觸面S1是從渦輪轉子100的旋轉軸R向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊
接線L。再者，連接件130和渦輪轉子頭110之間的一第二接觸面S2也是從渦輪轉子100的旋轉軸R向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊接線L。依據上述配置，當本發明沿虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件130焊接至渦輪轉子頭110及軸身120時，電子束或雷射束的能量可以有效率地傳遞至連接件130和軸身120之間的第一接觸面S1以及連接件130和渦輪轉子頭110之間的第二接觸面S2，使得第一接觸面S1以及第二接觸面S2附近的材料熔化，進而增加渦輪轉子100的焊接可靠度。
In addition, the energy intensity of the electron beam or laser beam will decrease with the welding depth. In the first embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the welding reliability of the
請參考第3圖。第3圖是本發明第二實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如第3圖所示，本發明第二實施例的渦輪轉子200包含一渦輪轉子頭210、一軸身220以及一連接件230。本發明第二實施例的渦輪轉子頭210和連接件230是相同於本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子頭110和連接件130，因此不再進一步說明。相似地，本發明第二實施例是沿虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件230焊接至渦輪轉子頭210及軸身220。在本發明第二實施例中，軸身220包含一碳鋼部222以及一不銹鋼部224設置於碳鋼部222以及連接件230之間。碳鋼部222是由碳鋼所製成，不銹鋼部224是由不銹鋼所製成。由於不銹鋼的鐵含量較碳鋼的鐵含量低，因此不銹鋼部224可以在焊接過程中進一步減少渦輪轉子頭210中的鈦元素和軸身220中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質的機率。
Please refer to Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the
請參考第4圖。第4圖是本發明第三實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如第4圖所示，本發明第三實施例的渦輪轉子300包含一渦輪轉子頭310、一軸身320以及一連接件330。本發明第三實施例的軸身320是相同於本發明第一實施例的軸身120，因此不再進一步說明。相似地，本發明第三實施例是沿虛擬焊接線
L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件330焊接至渦輪轉子頭310及軸身320。在本發明第三實施例中，連接件330和軸身320之間的第一接觸面S1是從渦輪轉子300的旋轉軸R向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊接線L，而連接件330和渦輪轉子頭310之間的第二接觸面S2是平行於虛擬焊接線L。
Please refer to Figure 4. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the
請參考第5圖，第5圖是本發明第四實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如第5圖所示，本發明第四實施例的渦輪轉子400包含一渦輪轉子頭410、一軸身420以及一連接件430。本發明第四實施例的渦輪轉子頭410和連接件430是相同於本發明第三實施例的渦輪轉子頭310和連接件330，因此不再進一步說明。相似地，本發明第四實施例是沿虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件430焊接至渦輪轉子頭410及軸身420。在本發明第四實施例中，軸身420包含一碳鋼部422以及一不銹鋼部424設置於碳鋼部422以及連接件430之間。碳鋼部422是由碳鋼所製成，不銹鋼部424是由不銹鋼所製成。由於不銹鋼的鐵含量較碳鋼的鐵含量低，因此不銹鋼部424可以在焊接過程中進一步減少渦輪轉子頭410中的鈦元素和軸身420中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質的機率。
Please refer to Fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the
請參考第6圖。第6圖是本發明第五實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如第6圖所示，本發明第五實施例的渦輪轉子500包含一渦輪轉子頭510、一軸身520以及一連接件530。本發明第五實施例的渦輪轉子頭510是相同於本發明第一實施例的渦輪轉子頭110，因此不再進一步說明。相似地，本發明第五實施例是沿虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件530焊接至渦輪轉子頭510及軸身520。在本發明第五實施例中，連接件530和軸身520之間的第一接觸面S1
是平行於虛擬焊接線L，而連接件530和渦輪轉子頭510之間的第二接觸面S2是從渦輪轉子500的旋轉軸R向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊接線L。
Please refer to Figure 6. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the
請參考第7圖。第7圖是本發明第六實施例的渦輪轉子的示意圖。如第7圖所示，本發明第六實施例的渦輪轉子600包含一渦輪轉子頭610、一軸身620以及一連接件630。本發明第六實施例的渦輪轉子頭610和連接件630是相同於本發明第五實施例的渦輪轉子頭510和連接件530，因此不再進一步說明。相似地，本發明第六實施例是沿虛擬焊接線L發射一電子束或一雷射束以將連接件630焊接至渦輪轉子頭610及軸身620。在本發明第六實施例中，軸身620包含一碳鋼部622以及一不銹鋼部624設置於碳鋼部622以及連接件630之間。碳鋼部622是由碳鋼所製成，不銹鋼部624是由不銹鋼所製成。由於不銹鋼的鐵含量較碳鋼的鐵含量低，因此不銹鋼部624可以在焊接過程中進一步減少渦輪轉子頭610中的鈦元素和軸身620中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質的機率。
Please refer to Figure 7. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a turbine rotor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the
在本發明圖式中，第一接觸面S1相對於虛擬焊接線L的斜率和第二接觸面S2相對於虛擬焊接線L的斜率只是用來示意，並非真正的斜率。另外，第一接觸面S1和第二接觸面S2的斜率可以依據渦輪轉子頭、連接件以及軸身的材料成分比例而改變。舉例來說，本發明可以經由調整第一接觸面S1和第二接觸面S2的斜率以控制渦輪轉子頭(鈦鋁合金)、連接件(銅或鎳)以及軸身(碳鋼或不銹鋼)在焊接時的熔化範圍，進而減少產生脆性材質的機率。另一方面，軸身的材質不限於上述實施例。在本發明其他實施例中，整個軸身亦可以是由不銹鋼所製成，或由其他成分的鋼所製成。 In the drawings of the present invention, the slope of the first contact surface S1 with respect to the virtual welding line L and the slope of the second contact surface S2 with respect to the virtual welding line L are only for illustration, not the real slope. In addition, the slopes of the first contact surface S1 and the second contact surface S2 can be changed according to the ratio of the material composition of the turbine rotor head, the connecting member and the shaft body. For example, the present invention can adjust the slope of the first contact surface S1 and the second contact surface S2 to control the turbine rotor head (titanium aluminum alloy), the connecting piece (copper or nickel) and the shaft (carbon steel or stainless steel). The melting range during welding reduces the chance of producing brittle materials. On the other hand, the material of the shaft body is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. In other embodiments of the present invention, the entire shaft body can also be made of stainless steel, or made of steel of other components.
相較於先前技術，本發明渦輪轉子的連接件是由銅或鎳所製成，以避免在焊接過程中渦輪轉子頭中的鈦元素和軸身中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質。另外，連接件和軸身之間的第一接觸面以及連接件和渦輪轉子頭之間的第二接觸面可以從渦輪轉子的旋轉軸向外延伸且逐漸遠離虛擬焊接線，以增加渦輪轉子的焊接可靠度並減少產生脆性材質的機率。再者，軸身可包含不銹鋼部以在焊接過程中進一步減少渦輪轉子頭中的鈦元素和軸身中的鐵元素直接結合而產生脆性材質的機率。因此本發明渦輪轉子可以具有較佳的焊接可靠度和結構強度。 Compared with the prior art, the connecting parts of the turbine rotor of the present invention are made of copper or nickel to prevent the titanium element in the turbine rotor head from directly combining with the iron element in the shaft body during the welding process to produce brittle materials. In addition, the first contact surface between the connecting piece and the shaft body and the second contact surface between the connecting piece and the turbine rotor head may extend outward from the rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and gradually move away from the virtual welding line to increase the turbine rotor Welding reliability and reduce the chance of producing brittle materials. Furthermore, the shaft body may include a stainless steel part to further reduce the probability that the titanium element in the turbine rotor head and the iron element in the shaft body are directly combined to produce a brittle material during the welding process. Therefore, the turbine rotor of the present invention can have better welding reliability and structural strength.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 The foregoing descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
100:渦輪轉子 100: Turbine rotor
110:渦輪轉子頭 110: Turbine rotor head
112:葉片 112: blade
120:軸身 120: Shaft
130:連接件 130: connecting piece
S1:第一接觸面 S1: first contact surface
S2:第二接觸面 S2: second contact surface
L:虛擬焊接線 L: Virtual welding line
R:旋轉軸 R: Rotation axis
Claims (10)
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| TW108138273A TWI745771B (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Turbine wheel and rotor shaft joining method and turbo rotor |
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