TWI739045B - Intelligent management method of machine tool - Google Patents

Intelligent management method of machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI739045B
TWI739045B TW107140379A TW107140379A TWI739045B TW I739045 B TWI739045 B TW I739045B TW 107140379 A TW107140379 A TW 107140379A TW 107140379 A TW107140379 A TW 107140379A TW I739045 B TWI739045 B TW I739045B
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tool
magazine
machining
tools
management method
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TW107140379A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW202017690A (en
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張慶三
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聖杰國際股份有限公司
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Priority to TW107140379A priority Critical patent/TWI739045B/en
Priority to JP2019145667A priority patent/JP2020087430A/en
Priority to KR1020190111645A priority patent/KR20200056908A/en
Publication of TW202017690A publication Critical patent/TW202017690A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
    • B23Q3/15534—Magazines mounted on the spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
    • B23Q2003/155404—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising a single gripper
    • B23Q2003/155411—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising a single gripper pivotable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一種工具機智能管理系統及其管理方法，係對加工刀具進行檢測並將檢測獲得的刀具參數儲存至附隨於刀具上的電子標籤中，刀具被擺放於工具機之刀庫的置刀座中，而利用安裝在工具機內的讀取器以非接觸方式接收位於取刀位置的刀具上的電子標籤內信息，當判讀出電子標籤內的信息與加工程式指令當中的信息不相符時，一個控制器即發出控制指令以令停機或是驅使刀庫運轉，使正確的刀具被帶到取刀位置以便續行加工程序。 A machine tool intelligent management system and its management method, which detect processing tools and store the tool parameters obtained by the detection in the electronic tag attached to the tool, and the tool is placed in the tool holder of the tool magazine of the machine tool However, the reader installed in the machine tool is used to receive the information in the electronic tag on the tool at the tool removal position in a non-contact manner. When the information in the electronic tag is judged to be inconsistent with the information in the machining program command, A controller sends out a control command to stop or drive the tool magazine to run, so that the correct tool is brought to the tool picking position to continue the processing program.

Description

工具機智能管理方法 Intelligent management method of machine tool

本發明係與數控工具機有關；特別是指一種工具機智能管理系統及其管理方法。 The invention relates to a numerical control machine tool; in particular, it refers to a machine tool intelligent management system and a management method thereof.

已知的數控工具機(Computerized Numerical Control，CNC)是指由電腦扮演整合控制的角色來實現電腦輔助設計(Computer Aided Design，CAD)及電腦輔助製造(Computer Aided Manufacture，CAM)，並進一步地透過事先編輯的精確指令以自動進行各類切削的工具機。 The known numerical control machine tool (Computerized Numerical Control, CNC) means that the computer plays the role of integrated control to realize Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM), and further through A machine tool that uses pre-edited precise instructions to automatically perform various types of cutting.

前述精確指令係指將加工程式指令輸入數控系統之記憶體後，經由電腦編譯計算，透過位移控制系統，將資訊傳至驅動器以驅動馬達之過程，來切削加工所設計之零件，前述加工程式指令包含移動指令及其他加工過程中需使用到的輔助指令，所述輔助指令包含由位址碼(英文字母)及兩個數字所組成具有某種意義的動作或功能的機能指令，常見的機能指令包括有G機能(準備機能)、M機能(輔助機能)、T機能(刀具機能)等。 The aforementioned precise instructions refer to the process of inputting machining program instructions into the memory of the numerical control system, compiling and calculating by computer, and transmitting the information to the drive to drive the motor through the displacement control system to cut the designed part. The aforementioned machining program instructions Contains movement instructions and other auxiliary instructions that need to be used in the processing process. The auxiliary instructions include functional instructions with a certain meaning of actions or functions composed of address codes (English letters) and two numbers, common functional instructions Including G function (preparation function), M function (auxiliary function), T function (tool function) and so on.

已知數控工具機的應用實務上，從業人員先是在加工車間(Processing workshop)內對切削加工所需使用的各類刀具進行多項檢測及校正，且對檢測及校正後的刀具以手寫或是紙質條碼方式進行刀號編寫及分類管理，爾後再將檢測及校正後的刀具放置在刀具推車上以 便帶至加工現場。從業人員於加工現場再依據加工程式指令而將刀具推車上的刀具逐一擺放於數控工具機之刀庫上編列有刀號的置刀座中，以加工程式指令當中的「T15」為例，即表示從加工車間帶到加工現場且編號第15號的刀具應該被放置在刀庫編列有15號的置刀座，至此使得數控工具機在執行加工程式指令時，能正確取用刀具來對待加工物進行切削加工。 In the application practice of known CNC machine tools, practitioners first perform multiple inspections and corrections in the processing workshop (Processing workshop) for various types of tools required for cutting processing, and use handwriting or paper for the detected and corrected tools. Tool number programming and classification management are carried out by bar code, and then the detected and calibrated tools are placed on the tool cart for Take it to the processing site. At the processing site, the practitioners place the tools on the tool cart one by one in the tool holders with the tool numbers on the tool magazine of the CNC machine tool according to the processing program instructions. Take "T15" in the processing program instructions as an example. , Which means that the tool with No. 15 brought from the processing workshop to the processing site should be placed in the tool holder with No. 15 in the tool magazine, so that the CNC machine tool can correctly take the tool when executing the processing program instructions. Cut the workpiece to be processed.

然而在實務中，以手寫或是紙質條碼方式對刀具進行刀號編寫及分類管理的方式，存在著手寫辨識不易或是書寫錯誤的可能，而紙質條碼在油污環境下容易污損，因此現有以手寫或是紙質條碼方式對刀具進行刀號編寫及分類管理的方式未臻完善。 However, in practice, there is a possibility that handwriting or paper bar codes are used to write tool numbers and classified management of knives. There is a possibility that handwriting recognition is not easy or writing errors, and paper bar codes are easy to be stained in an oily environment. Therefore, the existing The way of writing tool numbers and sorting management of tools by handwriting or paper bar codes is not perfect.

另外，從業人員在將刀具自刀具推車上取出並放置於刀庫之置刀座的過程中，若有不察而導致刀具位置錯放，例如在刀庫編列15號的置刀座中錯放為經過檢測及校正且編為第14號的刀具，當錯誤未被發現並進入加工程序時，刀庫依據加工程式指令而運轉並使其編列15號的置刀座連同結合其上的第14號刀具一起抵達取刀位置之際，錯誤的第14號刀具將被取用，此情形輕則造成切削後的工件尺寸不符合加工需求而被棄置，重則發生刀具不當碰撞待加工物導致刀具或待加工物崩裂而需要停機以排除問題，如此將嚴重延看加工時程。 In addition, during the process of taking the tools out of the tool cart and placing them in the tool holder of the tool magazine, if the practitioner does not observe it, the position of the tool may be misplaced, for example, in the tool holder of No. 15 in the tool magazine. Put it as the tool that has been tested and corrected and is numbered 14. When the error is not found and enters the processing program, the tool magazine will operate according to the processing program instructions and make it list the number 15 tool holder together with the No. When the 14th tool arrives at the tool removal position, the wrong 14th tool will be used. In this case, the size of the workpiece after cutting does not meet the processing requirements and is discarded. At the worst, the tool may improperly collide with the workpiece and cause the tool to be processed. Or the to-be-processed material is broken and needs to be shut down to eliminate the problem, which will seriously delay the processing schedule.

有鑑於此，本發明之目的在於提供一種工具機智能管理方法，係可對刀具進行有效的編列及管理，並可確保刀具能正確地被選用來進行加工使用。 In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent management method for machine tools, which can effectively arrange and manage the tools and ensure that the tools can be correctly selected for processing and use.

緣以達成上述目的，本發明提供的一種工具機智能管理系統包括具有主軸、刀庫及控制器的數控工具機，主軸一端裝設刀具，刀庫容納多數個刀具，控制器內建加工程式指令；另外，多數個電子標籤分別附隨於一個對應的刀具，且每一個電子標籤具有對應該刀具的刀具參數，一讀取器以非接觸方式接收讀取範圍內之刀具上的電子標籤的刀具參數。 In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a machine tool intelligent management system including a CNC machine tool with a spindle, a tool magazine and a controller. One end of the spindle is equipped with a tool, the tool magazine contains a plurality of tools, and the controller has built-in machining program instructions. ; In addition, most of the electronic tags are attached to a corresponding tool, and each electronic tag has the tool parameters corresponding to the tool, and a reader receives the tool of the electronic tag on the tool within the reading range in a non-contact manner parameter.

本發明之智能管理方法即是先對多數個刀具各別進行檢測，並將檢測獲得的刀具參數儲存至一對應的電子標籤中，所述刀具參數包括不重複的加工刀號；接著將附隨有電子標籤的刀具擺放於刀庫中；再依據加工程式指令控制刀庫運轉，且依據加工程式指令當中的執行刀號而將選定的刀具運送至取刀位置；之後讀取位於取刀位置之刀具上所附隨電子標籤的刀具參數並透過比對所讀取刀具參數當中的加工刀號與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號是否相符，若比對為不相符時該控制器發出控制指令。 The intelligent management method of the present invention is to first detect a large number of tools individually, and store the detected tool parameters in a corresponding electronic tag. The tool parameters include non-repetitive machining tool numbers; The tools with electronic tags are placed in the tool magazine; the operation of the tool magazine is controlled according to the machining program instructions, and the selected tool is transported to the tool picking position according to the executed tool number in the machining program instructions; then it is read in the tool picking position The tool parameters of the electronic tag attached to the tool and compare whether the machining tool number in the tool parameters read is consistent with the execution tool number in the machining program command. If the comparison is not consistent, the controller will issue a control command .

在另一種的智能管理方法中，同樣先對刀具各別進行檢測並將檢測的刀具參數儲存至電子標籤中，所述刀具參數包括不重複的加工刀號；接著將附隨有電子標籤的刀具擺放於刀庫中；在讀取過各個刀具上的電子標籤後，在控制器中儲存與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號相連結的加工刀號；而取刀機構依據加工程式指令當中的執行刀號抓取位於該刀庫中之加工刀號與該執行刀號資訊連結的刀具。 In another intelligent management method, the tools are also detected individually and the detected tool parameters are stored in an electronic tag. The tool parameters include non-repetitive machining tool numbers; then the tools attached with the electronic tag Placed in the tool magazine; after reading the electronic tags on each tool, the processing tool number linked to the executed tool number in the processing program command is stored in the controller; and the tool fetching mechanism is based on the processing program command The execution tool number grabs the tool whose machining tool number is located in the tool magazine and the information of the execution tool number is linked.

本發明之效果在於避免從業人員因不察而將刀具錯放在非正確位置的置刀座中所衍生加工錯誤的情形發生。 The effect of the present invention is to avoid the occurrence of machining errors caused by the practitioners inadvertently placing the tool in an incorrect position of the tool holder.

〔本發明〕 〔this invention〕

1:刀具 1: Tool

2:對刀儀 2: Tool setting instrument

3:電腦 3: computer

4:刀把 4: Knife handle

5:發送器 5: Transmitter

6:電子標籤 6: Electronic label

7:數控工具機 7: CNC machine tool

7A:刀庫 7A: Tool magazine

7B:置刀座 7B: Tool holder

7C:控制器 7C: Controller

7D:操作面板 7D: Operation panel

7E:主軸 7E: Spindle

7F:工作臺 7F: Workbench

7G:顯示屏幕 7G: display screen

8:待加工物 8: Objects to be processed

9:讀取器 9: Reader

10:加工機 10: Processing machine

10a:主軸 10a: Spindle

10b:控制器 10b: Controller

10c:換刀臂 10c: Tool change arm

11:刀庫 11: Tool magazine

11a:置刀座 11a: Tool holder

12:取刀機構 12: Take the knife mechanism

S1:檢測刀具 S1: Inspection tool

S2:儲存刀具信息 S2: Store tool information

S3:刀具放置 S3: Tool placement

S3-1:刀具與置刀座信息收集 S3-1: Tool and tool holder information collection

S4:刀具信息讀取 S4: Tool information read

S5:比對信息 S5: Comparison information

S6:換刀作業 S6: Tool change operation

S7:刀具信息讀取 S7: Tool information read

S8:刀具信息連結與儲存 S8: Tool information link and storage

S9:取刀 S9: Take the knife

圖1為本發明第一較佳實施例之工具機智能管理方法的流程圖；圖2為上述智能管理方法當中部分流程所應用的器材設備示意圖；圖3為本發明第一較佳實施例之工具機智能管理系統當中的工具機立體圖；圖4為圖3當中之工具機省略部分構件的側視圖；圖5為圖3當中之工具機的刀盤前視圖；圖6為本發明第二較佳實施例之工具機智能管理方法的流程圖；圖7為本發明第三較佳實施例之工具機智能管理方法應用的工具機系統示意圖；圖8為本發明上述第三較佳實施例之工具機智能管理方法的流程圖。 Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a machine tool intelligent management method according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of equipment and equipment used in part of the process of the above-mentioned intelligent management method; Fig. 3 is a first preferred embodiment of the present invention A perspective view of the machine tool in the machine tool intelligent management system; Fig. 4 is a side view of the machine tool in Fig. 3 with some components omitted; Fig. 5 is a front view of the cutter head of the machine tool in Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a second comparison of the present invention A flowchart of the machine tool intelligent management method of the preferred embodiment; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the machine tool system applied by the machine tool intelligent management method of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is the third preferred embodiment of the present invention The flow chart of the intelligent management method of the machine tool.

本發明之工具機智能管理系統及管理方法係可對加工使用的刀具進行有效的編列與管理，並可確保刀具能正確地被選用以預防不當的後續程序發生，所述不當的後續程序例如是使用錯誤的刀具而為加工，又或者是發生刀具不當碰撞待加工物之情事。為能更清楚地說明本發明，茲舉較佳實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如後。 The machine tool intelligent management system and management method of the present invention can effectively arrange and manage the tools used for processing, and can ensure that the tools can be selected correctly to prevent improper follow-up procedures, such as The wrong tool is used for processing, or the tool improperly collides with the object to be processed. In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the preferred embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the drawings as follows.

請參閱圖1所示，本發明第一較佳實施例之工具機智能管理方法主要包括檢測刀具S1、儲存刀具信息S2、刀具放置S3、刀具信息讀取S4以及比對信息S5等步驟，以下請再配合圖2至圖5所示，茲就各個步驟及實現該步驟中所需使用的器材設備說明如後。 Please refer to FIG. 1, the intelligent management method for machine tools of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the steps of detecting tool S1, storing tool information S2, tool placement S3, tool information reading S4, and comparing information S5. The following Please cooperate with the diagrams shown in Figure 2 to Figure 5. Here is the description of each step and the equipment and equipment required to achieve this step.

在檢測刀具S1方面：由於工具機在加工過程中經常需要使用到多種不同種類、規格的刀具，因此從業人員必須就加工過程當中需要使用到的刀具1預做準備，包括對刀具1進行各項量測及設定。實務中常見用於檢測刀具1的儀器例如對刀儀2(tool setting device)，量測的項目包括但不限於刀長量測、刀徑量測，而設定則是對量測後的結果做進一步的調整，例如刀長補正、刀具歸零設定、刀具偏置值設定等，前述刀具的量測及設定結果以參數方式被儲存於電腦3中。須說明的是，前述檢測作業中的刀具1經常是以安裝至刀把4而來進行檢測的；另外，刀具1的檢測作業常見施作於加工車間，所述加工車間係指依據任務需求而在工作現場規劃出特定區域，本實施例的加工車間指的是內部儲放有多數刀具以及相關檢測儀器的場所。 In terms of detecting tool S1: Since the machine tool often needs to use a variety of different types and specifications of tools during the machining process, the practitioner must make pre-preparation for the tool 1 that needs to be used in the machining process, including various items for the tool 1. Measurement and setting. In practice, instruments commonly used to detect tool 1, such as tool setting device 2. The measurement items include but are not limited to tool length measurement and tool diameter measurement, and the setting is based on the measurement results. For further adjustments, such as tool length compensation, tool zero setting, tool offset value setting, etc., the measurement and setting results of the aforementioned tool are stored in the computer 3 in the form of parameters. It should be noted that the tool 1 in the aforementioned inspection operation is often inspected by installing it to the handle 4; in addition, the inspection operation of the tool 1 is usually performed in the processing workshop, which refers to the processing workshop based on the task requirements. A specific area is planned on the work site. The processing workshop in this embodiment refers to a place where most tools and related testing instruments are stored inside.

在儲存刀具信息S2方面：從業人員在加工車間內透過電腦3及無線射頻識別系統(Radio Frequency Identification system，RFID system)當中的發送器5(Transmitter)與天線(Antenna)(圖未示)而將上述對刀具1進行檢測獲得並儲存在電腦3中的刀具參數以非接觸方式發送至以讀寫式射頻識別標籤為例的電子標籤6內並予以儲存，所述刀具參數包括刀具規格、切削參數及轉速參數等，以及具有不重複的加工刀號，所述電子標籤6透過結合於刀把4的方式而與一對應的刀具1相附隨，更具體的說，每一個電子標籤6內所儲存的刀具信息正是所依附對象刀具1的檢測結果，且每一個電子標籤6因具有不重複的加工刀號而具備識別度。 In terms of storing tool information S2: Practitioners use the computer 3 and the transmitter 5 (Transmitter) and antenna (Antenna) (not shown in the figure) in the computer 3 and the radio frequency identification system (Radio Frequency Identification System, RFID system) in the processing workshop. The above-mentioned tool parameters obtained by detecting the tool 1 and stored in the computer 3 are sent to and stored in an electronic tag 6 taking a read-write radio frequency identification tag as an example in a non-contact manner. The tool parameters include tool specifications and cutting parameters. The electronic tag 6 is attached to a corresponding tool 1 by combining with the tool holder 4, and more specifically, each electronic tag 6 stores The tool information of is exactly the detection result of the attached target tool 1, and each electronic tag 6 has a degree of recognition due to its unique machining tool number.

在刀具放置S3方面：當從業人員在加工車間內完成加工所需刀具的前置準備之後，應將刀具1連同其上的刀把4一起擺放至數控工具機7之刀庫7A的置刀座7B中，即按照置刀座7B上的編號而將具有對應 加工刀號的刀具1放入置刀座7B中。如圖5所示的刀庫7A盤面上沿著逆時針方向依序標記有數字「1」至數字「21」，即表示該刀庫7A可供21把具有不同規格的刀具1放置，當所有的刀具皆已上架完成即表示可以進入加工程序。前述刀庫7A可以是圓盤式刀庫或者是能夠容納更多刀具的鏈條式刀庫。 In terms of tool placement S3: After the practitioner completes the pre-preparation of the tools required for processing in the machining workshop, the tool 1 and the tool handle 4 on it should be placed in the tool holder of the tool magazine 7A of the CNC machine tool 7 In 7B, according to the number on the tool holder 7B, there will be a corresponding The tool 1 of the machining tool number is placed in the tool holder 7B. As shown in Figure 5, the tool magazine 7A is marked with numbers "1" to "21" in a counterclockwise direction on the disk surface, which means that the tool magazine 7A can accommodate 21 tools 1 with different specifications. After all the tools have been put on the shelf, it means you can enter the processing program. The aforementioned tool magazine 7A may be a disc-type tool magazine or a chain-type tool magazine capable of accommodating more tools.

在刀具信息讀取S4方面：當從業人員透過數控工具機7之控制器7C的操作面板7D而來開啟加工程序時，主軸7E一端(底端)所裝設的刀具1將依據控制器7C內建的加工程式指令而開始高速旋轉及位移，據以對固定在工作臺7F上的待加工物8進行加工。由於一個待加工物8通常需要經過銑、削、鑽孔或是螺紋製作等多道的加工程序方能製得成品，因此主軸7E一端所裝設的刀具1是依據加工程式指令當中所編譯的執行刀號而被替換，例如當程式執行至編譯的執行刀號「T15」時，即表示下一個加工程序當中的主軸7E一端應裝設選自位於刀庫7A上編號「15」位置的刀具1，於此同時，刀庫7A將被控制運轉並將選定的刀具運送至取刀位置，該被選定的刀具在被抓取之前，裝設在數控工具機7內的讀取器9將以非接觸方式接收讀取範圍內之刀具1上所附隨電子標籤6的刀具參數。以圖5當中的刀庫7A為例，其取刀位置係位於盤面的最下緣處，而讀取器9的讀取範圍係指讀取器9至位於取刀位置之刀具1的距離。 In terms of tool information reading S4: when the practitioner starts the machining program through the operation panel 7D of the controller 7C of the CNC machine tool 7, the tool 1 installed at one end (bottom end) of the spindle 7E will be based on the controller 7C The built-in processing program command starts high-speed rotation and displacement, and the to-be-processed object 8 fixed on the worktable 7F is processed accordingly. Since a workpiece 8 usually needs to go through multiple processing procedures such as milling, cutting, drilling, or threading to produce a finished product, the tool 1 installed at one end of the spindle 7E is compiled according to the processing program instructions The execution tool number is replaced. For example, when the program is executed to the compiled execution tool number "T15", it means that one end of the spindle 7E in the next processing program should be equipped with a tool selected from the position of the number "15" on the tool magazine 7A 1. At the same time, the tool magazine 7A will be controlled to operate and transport the selected tool to the tool picking position. Before the selected tool is grabbed, the reader 9 installed in the CNC machine tool 7 will The tool parameters of the electronic tag 6 attached to the tool 1 within the reading range are received in a non-contact manner. Taking the tool magazine 7A in FIG. 5 as an example, the tool removal position is located at the bottom edge of the disk surface, and the reading range of the reader 9 refers to the distance from the reader 9 to the tool 1 at the tool removal position.

在比對信息S5方面：控制器7C將自動地對讀取器9所接收刀具參數當中的加工刀號，與內建加工程式指令當中的執行刀號進行比對判讀，並在比對加工刀號與執行刀號為不相符時發出控制指令，反之，若比對的加工刀號與執行刀號相符時，則控制器7C依加工程式指令繼續執行後續的加工程序。舉例來說，當加工程式指令進行至編譯的執行刀 號「T15」時，刀庫7A即依加工程式指令而被控制運轉至其盤面上所標記數字「15」的置刀座7B連同放置在該置刀座7B中的刀具1一同來到取刀位置，然而讀取器9接收位在取刀位置之刀具1上所附隨電子標籤6內的刀具參數卻是包含「T14」的加工刀號時，控制器7C因比對發現有誤旋即發出控制指令，在一實施例中，前述控制指令可以是停機的指令，藉以避免實際上編為「T14」的刀具卻被誤以為是編號「T15」的刀具而被用來切削加工導致切削後的工件尺寸不符合期待或是不當地與待加工物發生碰撞。前述情形的發生肇因於從業人員在將刀具自加工車間移出並放置於刀庫之置刀座的過程中，因不察導致刀具位置錯放所致。另說明的是，加工刀號與執行刀號的比對不限於是數字的比對，也可以是以其他代碼方式用來比對。 In terms of comparison information S5: the controller 7C will automatically compare the machining tool number in the tool parameter received by the reader 9 with the execution tool number in the built-in machining program command, and compare the machining tool When the number and the execution tool number do not match, the control command is issued. On the contrary, if the compared processing tool number matches the execution tool number, the controller 7C will continue to execute the subsequent processing program according to the processing program command. For example, when the machining program instruction is executed to the compiled execution tool When the number is "T15", the tool magazine 7A is controlled to move to the tool holder 7B marked with the number "15" on the disk according to the machining program command, and the tool 1 placed in the tool holder 7B comes to take the tool together. However, when the reader 9 receives the tool parameter in the electronic tag 6 attached to the tool 1 at the tool removal position, but it contains the machining tool number of "T14", the controller 7C will send it out immediately because of the error found in the comparison. Control command. In one embodiment, the aforementioned control command can be a stop command, so as to prevent the tool that is actually programmed as "T14" from being mistaken for the tool numbered "T15" and being used for cutting, which may cause problems after cutting. The size of the workpiece does not meet expectations or improperly collides with the workpiece to be processed. The aforesaid situation occurred due to the misplacement of the tool position due to inadvertence when the practitioner moved the tool from the processing workshop and placed it in the tool holder of the tool magazine. It is also noted that the comparison of the machining tool number and the execution tool number is not limited to the comparison of numbers, and can also be used for comparison in other code methods.

是以，本發明透過讀取器9接收取刀位置之刀具1上所附隨電子標籤6內的刀具參數，以及控制器7C兼具的比對功能，在選定的刀具被抓取之前及時辨識出刀具位置是否有錯放，進一步地確保刀具能正確地被選用來進行加工使用。另外，刀具的識別編號係透過電子標籤6具有不重複的加工刀號而達成，改善已知以手寫或是紙質條碼方式對刀具進行刀號編寫及分類管理所帶來的不便。 Therefore, the present invention receives the tool parameters in the electronic tag 6 attached to the tool 1 at the tool removal position through the reader 9 and the comparison function of the controller 7C, so that the selected tool can be identified in time before being captured Check whether there is any misplacement of the tool position to further ensure that the tool can be correctly selected for processing. In addition, the identification number of the tool is achieved through the electronic tag 6 having a non-repetitive machining tool number, which improves the inconvenience caused by the known handwriting or paper bar code method for the tool number programming and classification management of the tool.

再說明的是，控制器7C除了可發出控制指令之外，更可被賦予將比對發現錯誤的信息即時顯示在操作面板7D的顯示屏幕7G上，或者以發出聲響或是亮光的方式來提醒從業人員注意的功能，以便從業人員能及時排除問題。甚者，控制器7C亦可透過行動應用程式(mobile application)傳送即時信息予具有可讀取該信息之電子裝置的特定相對人，以便監控。 It should be noted that, in addition to issuing control commands, the controller 7C can also be assigned to instantly display the information of the error found in the comparison on the display screen 7G of the operation panel 7D, or to remind by sound or light. The function that the practitioner pays attention to, so that the practitioner can solve the problem in time. Furthermore, the controller 7C can also send real-time information through a mobile application to a specific counterpart who has an electronic device that can read the information for monitoring.

上述實施例中的控制指令係用以控制停機，然而在其他的實施例中，控制指令可以不用來控制停機而是作為其他的控制使用，例如當控制指令包含有與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號相符的加工刀號時，則可用以控制刀庫7A運轉並將正確的刀具1帶至取刀位置，為了達成前述目的，本發明提供第二較佳實施例的工具機智能管理方法係在上述第一較佳實施例之方法的架構下予以調整，請參閱圖6所示，其中在刀具放置S3之後、刀具信息讀取S4之前，操控刀庫7A以分度方式運轉一圈，讀取器9逐一接收通過取刀位置之所有刀具1上所附隨電子標籤6的刀具參數並將之傳遞至控制器7C，前述刀具參數包含不重複的加工刀號，於此同時，控制器7C把置刀座7B上的編號與存放在該置刀座7B中之刀具1的加工刀號予以連結並記錄，舉例而言，當刀庫7A運轉至使其置刀座7B的編號「15」來到取刀位置時，讀取器9所接收電子標籤6當中的加工刀號在正確的情況下應該是「T15」，控制器7C即把置刀座7B編號「15」與刀具1的加工刀號「T15」產生連結與記錄，此步驟定義為刀具與置刀座信息收集S3-1。 The control command in the above embodiment is used to control the shutdown. However, in other embodiments, the control command may not be used to control the shutdown but used for other control. For example, when the control command includes the execution tool in the machining program command When the machining tool number matches the tool number, it can be used to control the operation of the tool magazine 7A and bring the correct tool 1 to the tool removal position. In order to achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention provides a second preferred embodiment of the intelligent management method for machine tools. The adjustment is made under the framework of the method of the above first preferred embodiment. Please refer to Figure 6, where after the tool is placed S3 and before the tool information is read S4, the tool magazine 7A is manipulated to rotate in an indexing manner and read The device 9 receives the tool parameters of the electronic tag 6 attached to all the tools 1 through the tool removal position one by one and transfers them to the controller 7C. The aforementioned tool parameters include non-repetitive machining tool numbers. At the same time, the controller 7C The number on the tool holder 7B and the machining tool number of the tool 1 stored in the tool holder 7B are linked and recorded. For example, when the tool magazine 7A runs to the number "15" of the tool holder 7B When it reaches the tool removal position, the machining tool number in the electronic tag 6 received by the reader 9 should be "T15" if it is correct, and the controller 7C will set the tool holder 7B number "15" and the machining tool of tool 1 No. "T15" generates link and record. This step is defined as tool and tool holder information collection S3-1.

當從業人員在完成刀具與置刀座信息收集S3-1作業，且透過操作面板7D而來啟動數控工具機7以進行加工程序時，常態下的讀取器9接收位於取刀位置之刀具1上所附隨電子標籤6內的加工刀號應該與同樣位於取刀位置的置刀座7B編號相符，然而，若當從業人員在將刀具自加工車間移出並放置於刀庫之置刀座的過程中因不察導致刀具位置錯放時，將使得讀取器9接收到的加工刀號經控制器7C比對後發現與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號不相符，此時的控制器7C將自資料庫中查找正確的刀具被放置在第幾號的置刀座中，據此發出包含有與執行刀號相符的加工刀號的控制指令，並控制刀庫7A以最短的運轉行程而將正確的 刀具1運送至取刀位置，以便數控工具機7的主軸7E能夠取用正確的刀具，前述將正確刀具帶至取刀位置的步驟定義為換刀作業S6。至此，無須停機即能續行加工程序。 When the practitioner completes the S3-1 operation of collecting tool and tool holder information, and starts the CNC machine tool 7 through the operation panel 7D to perform the processing program, the reader 9 in the normal state receives the tool 1 at the tool removal position. The machining tool number in the attached electronic label 6 should match the number of the tool holder 7B that is also located at the tool removal position. However, if the practitioner moves the tool from the machining workshop and places it in the tool holder of the tool magazine In the process, when the tool position is misplaced due to negligence, the machining tool number received by the reader 9 will be compared by the controller 7C and found to be inconsistent with the executed tool number in the machining program command. At this time, the controller 7C The correct tool found in the database is placed in the tool holder of which number, and accordingly, a control command containing the machining tool number that matches the tool number is issued, and the tool magazine 7A is controlled with the shortest operating stroke. Will be correct The tool 1 is transported to the tool taking position so that the spindle 7E of the CNC machine tool 7 can take the correct tool. The aforementioned step of bringing the correct tool to the tool taking position is defined as a tool change operation S6. At this point, the machining program can be continued without stopping the machine.

從上述各個實施例可知，本發明用以實現智能管理方法的管理系統至少包括數控工具機7、電子標籤6及讀取器9，其中數控工具機7尚且包括有主軸7E、刀庫7A及控制器7C；而管理系統若更包含有發送器5將使得管理方法更為完整。 It can be seen from the above various embodiments that the management system of the present invention for realizing the intelligent management method includes at least a CNC machine tool 7, an electronic label 6, and a reader 9. The CNC machine tool 7 also includes a spindle 7E, a tool magazine 7A, and a control器7C; and if the management system further includes a transmitter 5, the management method will be more complete.

另外本發明再提供一種智能管理方法，請配合圖7所示，其係應用於包括有加工機10、刀庫11及取刀機構12的工具機系統中，其中加工機10包括主軸10a與控制器10b，主軸10a一端裝設有刀具1，控制器10b內建包含有執行刀號的加工程式指令；刀庫11獨立於加工機10之外且具有多數個置刀座11a可容納各式各樣的刀具，每個刀位具有不重複的編號；而取刀機構12依據加工程式指令自刀庫11中抓取適當的刀具。 In addition, the present invention further provides an intelligent management method, please cooperate with FIG. 7, which is applied to a machine tool system including a processing machine 10, a tool magazine 11 and a tool taking mechanism 12. The tool 1 is installed at one end of the main shaft 10a, and the controller 10b has a built-in processing program command for executing the tool number; the tool magazine 11 is independent of the processing machine 10 and has a plurality of tool holders 11a that can accommodate various types of tools. For such tools, each tool position has a unique number; and the tool picking mechanism 12 grabs the appropriate tool from the tool magazine 11 according to the machining program instructions.

請參閱圖8所示，該方法依序包括檢測刀具S1、儲存刀具信息S2、刀具放置S3、刀具信息讀取S7、刀具信息連結與儲存S8及取刀S9等步驟，其中步驟S1及步驟S2與上述實施例相同，而步驟S3當中的刀具1係被放置在屬於大型儲刀結構體的刀庫11的不同置刀座11a中。 Please refer to Figure 8, the method includes the steps of detecting tool S1, storing tool information S2, tool placement S3, reading tool information S7, connecting and storing tool information S8, and taking tool S9. Among them, step S1 and step S2 The same as the above embodiment, but the tool 1 in step S3 is placed in a different tool holder 11a of the tool magazine 11 belonging to a large tool storage structure.

本實施例的方法在刀具信息讀取S7方面：係指透過操控移動機構(圖未示)使其前端裝設的讀取器9能夠以非接觸方式逐一地讀取各個置刀座11a中所存放刀具1上附隨電子標籤的刀具參數。 The method of this embodiment is in terms of tool information reading S7: it means that the reader 9 installed at the front end can read the positions in each tool holder 11a one by one in a non-contact manner by manipulating the moving mechanism (not shown). Store the tool parameters attached to the electronic tag on tool 1.

在刀具信息連結與儲存S8方面：當讀取器9完成每一個刀具信息讀取的同時，控制器10b將自動地把刀位、刀具參數當中的加工刀號及加工程式指令當中的執行刀號做資訊連結並予以儲存。 In terms of tool information connection and storage S8: When the reader 9 completes the reading of each tool information, the controller 10b will automatically set the tool position, the machining tool number in the tool parameters, and the execution tool number in the machining program command. Make a link to the information and save it.

在取刀S9方面：取刀機構12接受來自控制器10b的加工程式指令當中的執行刀號，進一步地自動抓取位於刀庫11中之加工刀號與執行刀號資訊連結的刀具1。必須說明的是，在此步驟S9中，取刀機構12的取刀方式是以刀具上之電子標籤中的加工刀號為依據，而非以刀位為準，因此可以快速地找到刀具位置以減縮時間。取刀機構12並將取得的刀具帶至加工機10以續行後續的加工程序，而在加工機10包括有換刀臂10c時，取刀機構12是把刀具交給換刀臂10c，換刀臂10c再將之與主軸10a上的刀具交換，自主軸10c上取下的刀具則再透過換刀臂10c以及取刀機構12而被放置到刀庫11的空置刀位中。 In terms of tool retrieval S9: the tool retrieval mechanism 12 receives the execution tool number in the machining program command from the controller 10b, and further automatically grabs the tool 1 whose machining tool number is located in the tool magazine 11 and the execution tool number information is linked. It must be noted that in this step S9, the tool-taking method of the tool-taking mechanism 12 is based on the machining tool number in the electronic tag on the tool, not based on the tool position, so the tool position can be quickly found Reduce time. The tool taking mechanism 12 brings the obtained tool to the processing machine 10 to continue the subsequent processing procedure. When the processing machine 10 includes a tool changer arm 10c, the tool taking mechanism 12 transfers the tool to the tool changer arm 10c for change. The tool arm 10c exchanges it with the tool on the main shaft 10a, and the tool removed from the main shaft 10c is placed in the empty tool position of the tool magazine 11 through the tool change arm 10c and the tool removal mechanism 12.

爾後，重啟步驟S7、步驟S8，以待下一次步驟S9的執行。至此，亦能避免從業人員因不察而將刀具錯放在非正確位置處所衍生加工錯誤的情形發生。另說明的是，以本實施例技術為基礎時可同時應用於多部工具機及多組刀庫同時使用。 Thereafter, step S7 and step S8 are restarted to wait for the next execution of step S9. At this point, it can also avoid the occurrence of processing errors caused by the practitioners who place the tool in an incorrect position due to inadvertence. It should also be noted that, based on the technology of this embodiment, it can be applied to multiple machine tools and multiple tool magazines at the same time.

以上所述僅為本發明較佳可行實施例而已，舉凡應用本發明說明書及申請專利範圍所為之等效變化，理應包含在本發明之專利範圍內。 The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by applying the specification of the present invention and the scope of the patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

S1:檢測刀具 S1: Inspection tool

S2:儲存刀具信息 S2: Store tool information

S3:刀具放置 S3: Tool placement

S4:刀具信息讀取 S4: Tool information read

S5:比對信息 S5: Comparison information

Claims (4)

一種工具機之智能管理方法，所述工具機包含一主軸、一刀庫、一控制器及一讀取器，該主軸一端用以裝設刀具，該刀庫容納有多數個刀具，該控制器內建有加工程式指令；該智能管理方法包含下列步驟：對多數個刀具各別進行檢測，並將檢測獲得的刀具參數儲存至一對應的電子標籤中，所述刀具參數包括不重複的加工刀號；將附隨有電子標籤的刀具擺放於該刀庫中；依據加工程式指令控制該刀庫運轉，且依據加工程式指令當中的執行刀號而將選定的刀具運送至取刀位置；該讀取器以非接觸方式接收讀取範圍內之刀具上所附隨電子標籤的刀具參數，前述讀取範圍係指該讀取器至位於該刀庫之取刀位置之刀具的距離；比對所讀取刀具參數當中的加工刀號與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號是否相符，若比對為不相符時該控制器發出一控制指令。 An intelligent management method for a machine tool. The machine tool includes a spindle, a tool magazine, a controller, and a reader. One end of the spindle is used for installing tools. Built-in processing program instructions; the intelligent management method includes the following steps: each tool is detected, and the tool parameters obtained from the detection are stored in a corresponding electronic tag. The tool parameters include non-repetitive machining tool numbers ; Place the tools with electronic tags in the tool magazine; control the operation of the tool magazine according to the machining program instructions, and transport the selected tools to the tool picking position according to the execution tool number in the machining program instructions; this read The picker receives the tool parameters of the electronic tag attached to the tool within the reading range in a non-contact manner. The aforementioned read range refers to the distance from the reader to the tool located at the tool picking position of the tool magazine; Check whether the machining tool number in the read tool parameter is consistent with the execution tool number in the machining program command. If the comparison is not consistent, the controller sends a control command. 如請求項1所述之工具機之智能管理方法，包括使用一發送器，該發送器以非接觸方式將檢測獲得包含加工刀號的刀具參數發送至對應該刀具的電子標籤內並予以儲存。 The intelligent management method for a machine tool as described in claim 1 includes the use of a transmitter that transmits the detected tool parameters including the machining tool number to the electronic tag of the corresponding tool and stores it in a non-contact manner. 如請求項1所述之工具機之智能管理方法，包括在所有刀具擺放於該刀庫之後，先操控該刀庫運轉一圈，該讀取器以非接觸方式逐一接收經過該取刀位置的所有刀具上所附隨電子標籤的刀具參數，該控制器儲存該讀取器接收所有刀具的刀具參數；當該控制器發出該控制指令時，該控制指令包含有與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號相符的加工刀 號，該刀庫運轉並將具有與加工程式指令當中的執行刀號相符之加工刀號的刀具運送至取刀位置。 The intelligent management method of the machine tool as described in claim 1, including after all the tools are placed in the tool magazine, the tool magazine is controlled to rotate for a circle, and the reader receives the tool removal position one by one in a non-contact manner. All the tools attached to the tool parameters of the electronic tags, the controller stores the tool parameters of all the tools received by the reader; when the controller sends the control command, the control command includes the execution of the machining program command Processing tool with matching tool number No., the tool magazine runs and transports the tool with the machining tool number that matches the executed tool number in the machining program command to the tool picking position. 如請求項3所述之工具機之智能管理方法，係操控該刀庫以分度方式運轉一圈。 The intelligent management method of the machine tool described in claim 3 is to control the tool magazine to run one circle in an indexing manner.
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