TWI725400B - Smoke detector - Google Patents

Smoke detector Download PDF

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TWI725400B
TWI725400B TW108109469A TW108109469A TWI725400B TW I725400 B TWI725400 B TW I725400B TW 108109469 A TW108109469 A TW 108109469A TW 108109469 A TW108109469 A TW 108109469A TW I725400 B TWI725400 B TW I725400B
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light
emitting element
shielding
sensing
housing
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TW108109469A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201941170A (en
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上津智宏
大井香菜
橋本裕介
阪本浩司
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日商松下知識產權經營股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

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Description

煙感測器Smoke sensor

本發明係大致關於煙感測器，更詳而言之係關於藉由用受光元件接受由發光元件輸出之光來感測煙的煙感測器，且由發光元件輸出之光因流入感測空間之煙而散射。The present invention relates generally to a smoke sensor, and more specifically, to a smoke sensor that senses smoke by receiving light output from a light-emitting element with a light-receiving element, and the light output from the light-emitting element flows into the sensor. The smoke of space is scattered.

文獻1(JP2010-40009A)記載由發光元件(照明元件)將光照射在進入感測空間(感煙區域)之煙，接著用受光元件接受因該煙產生之散射光，藉此感測煙之煙感測器。Document 1 (JP2010-40009A) describes that a light-emitting element (lighting element) irradiates the smoke entering the sensing space (smoke sensing area) with light, and then uses the light-receiving element to receive the scattered light generated by the smoke, thereby sensing the smoke Smoke sensor.

文獻1記載之煙感測器係在被多數迷宮式壁包圍之感測空間中，使煙可由藉由迷宮式壁之間隙形成的煙流入路流入感測區域。此外，迷宮式壁具有不因來自外部之光使煙感測機能不穩定且不使外光通過煙流入路進入的外光遮斷作用。在文獻1中，收容發光元件及受光元件之煙感測體呈大致圓形。另外，在文獻1中，藉由使發光元件及受光元件之後部(即與感測空間相反側之端部)突出，形成寬廣之感測空間。The smoke sensor described in Document 1 is located in a sensing space surrounded by a large number of labyrinth walls, so that smoke can flow into the sensing area through a smoke inflow path formed by the gap of the labyrinth wall. In addition, the labyrinth wall has an external light blocking function that does not make the smoke sensing function unstable due to external light and prevents external light from entering through the smoke inflow path. In Document 1, the smoke sensor housing the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element has a substantially circular shape. In addition, in Document 1, a wide sensing space is formed by protruding the rear portion of the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element (that is, the end on the opposite side to the sensing space).

在文獻1記載之構造中，例如，因為污垢及異物侵入包圍感測空間之感測殼體(煙感測體)等，所以在感測殼體之內面，由發光元件輸出之光的一部份可能會向受光元件反射。結果，有時不僅因感測空間內之煙產生的散射光，在感測殼體內面之反射光亦射入受光元件，因此雜散光可能增加。In the structure described in Document 1, for example, because dirt and foreign matter invade the sensing housing (smoke sensor) surrounding the sensing space, etc., one part of the light output by the light-emitting element is on the inner surface of the sensing housing. Part of it may be reflected to the light-receiving element. As a result, sometimes not only the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space, but also the reflected light on the inner surface of the sensing housing also enters the light-receiving element, so the stray light may increase.

本揭示係鑑於上述理由作成，其目的在於提供一種雖達成感測精度之提高仍能抑制雜散光之增加的煙感測器。The present disclosure is made in view of the above reasons, and its purpose is to provide a smoke sensor that can suppress the increase of stray light even though the sensing accuracy is improved.

本揭示一態樣之煙感測器具有：感測殼體、發光元件、受光元件及遮光構造。前述感測殼體包圍感測空間。前述發光元件向前述感測空間輸出光。前述受光元件配置在來自前述發光元件之直射光不射入且因前述感測空間內之煙產生之散射光射入的位置。前述遮光構造由前述感測殼體之內面突出至前述感測空間內。前述感測殼體包含使前述煙通過且抑制光透過之壁構造。前述遮光構造位在由前述發光元件輸出且在前述感測殼體之前述內面反射1次以上後射入前述受光元件的光之通路上。The smoke sensor of one aspect of the present disclosure has a sensing housing, a light-emitting element, a light-receiving element, and a light-shielding structure. The aforementioned sensing housing surrounds the sensing space. The light emitting element outputs light to the sensing space. The light-receiving element is arranged at a position where the direct light from the light-emitting element does not enter and the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space enters. The aforementioned light-shielding structure protrudes into the aforementioned sensing space from the inner surface of the aforementioned sensing housing. The sensing housing includes a wall structure that allows the smoke to pass through and prevents light from passing through. The light-shielding structure is located on the path of light output from the light-emitting element and reflected on the inner surface of the sensing housing for more than one time and then incident on the light-receiving element.

(實施形態1) (1) 概要 本實施形態之煙感測器係在感測因火災等產生之煙時，進行通報之防災機器。即，若火災等之災害發生時產生煙，則煙感測器檢知該煙，接著例如藉由警報音之輸出或藉通信機能與其他機器之連動進行通報。本揭示中所謂「防災機器」係以例如防止火災等之災害、防止因災害之被害擴大或由受災復原等為目的而設置在設施中的機器。(Embodiment 1) (1) Summary The smoke sensor of this embodiment is a disaster prevention device that reports when it senses smoke generated by a fire or the like. That is, if smoke is generated when a disaster such as a fire occurs, the smoke sensor detects the smoke, and then, for example, the output of an alarm sound or a communication function to communicate with other equipment to report. In this disclosure, the "disaster prevention equipment" refers to equipment installed in facilities for the purpose of preventing disasters such as fires, preventing the expansion of damage due to disasters, or recovering from disasters.

如圖2A及圖2B所示地，煙感測器1具有框體2且在框體2內收容各種零件。煙感測器1係設置在設施中使用。在本實施形態中，煙感測器1雖然舉例顯示使用於例如旅館、辦公大樓、學校、福利設施、商業設施、主題公園、醫院或工廠等非住宅之設施的情形，但不限於此例，煙感測器1亦可使用於集合住宅或獨棟住宅等之設施。煙感測器1係例如在設施之起居室、走廊或樓梯中，在安裝於天花板或牆壁等之狀態下設置在設施中。As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, the smoke sensor 1 has a housing 2 and various parts are housed in the housing 2. The smoke sensor 1 is installed and used in a facility. In this embodiment, although the smoke sensor 1 is used in non-residential facilities such as hotels, office buildings, schools, welfare facilities, commercial facilities, theme parks, hospitals, and factories, it is not limited to this example. The smoke sensor 1 can also be used in facilities such as collective houses or single-family houses. The smoke sensor 1 is installed in the facility in a state of being installed on the ceiling or wall, for example, in the living room, corridor, or staircase of the facility.

如圖1所示地，本實施形態之煙感測器1具有：感測殼體7、發光元件4、受光元件5及遮光構造70。感測殼體7包圍感測空間Sp1。發光元件4向感測空間Sp1輸出光。受光元件5配置在來自發光元件4之直射光不射入且因感測空間Sp1內之煙產生之散射光射入的位置。藉此，在煙不存在感測空間Sp1中之狀態下，受光元件5未接受由發光元件4輸出之光，而在煙存在感測空間Sp1中之狀態下， 受光元件5接受由發光元件4輸出且因煙散射之光(散射光)。因此，煙感測器1可依據受光元件5之受光狀態來感測存在感測空間Sp1之煙。感測殼體7包含使煙通過且抑制光透過之壁構造3。即，壁構造3具有抑制光由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1且使煙由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1中的機能。As shown in FIG. 1, the smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment has a sensing case 7, a light-emitting element 4, a light-receiving element 5, and a light-shielding structure 70. The sensing housing 7 surrounds the sensing space Sp1. The light emitting element 4 outputs light to the sensing space Sp1. The light-receiving element 5 is arranged at a position where the direct light from the light-emitting element 4 does not enter and the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 enters. Thereby, in the state where the smoke does not exist in the sensing space Sp1, the light receiving element 5 does not receive the light output by the light emitting element 4, and in the state where the smoke exists in the sensing space Sp1, the light receiving element 5 receives the light from the light emitting element 4. The light output and scattered by smoke (scattered light). Therefore, the smoke sensor 1 can sense the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 according to the light receiving state of the light receiving element 5. The sensing housing 7 includes a wall structure 3 that allows smoke to pass through and prevents light from passing through. That is, the wall structure 3 has a function of preventing light from entering the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1 and allowing smoke to enter the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1.

在此，遮光構造70由感測殼體7之內面700突出至感測空間Sp1內。遮光構造70位在由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之通路Op1、Op2、Op3(請參照圖11A及圖11B)上。Here, the light shielding structure 70 protrudes from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 into the sensing space Sp1. The light-shielding structure 70 is located on the light path Op1, Op2, Op3 (please refer to Figure 11A and Figure 11B) for the light output from the light emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then enter the light receiving element 5 .

依據該結構，由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5之光的至少一部份被遮光構造70遮蔽。因此，在本實施形態之煙感測器1中，相較於沒有遮光構造70之結構，由發光元件4輸出之光在感測殼體7之內面700反射後射入受光元件5的可能性降低。因此，例如，即使發生污垢及異物侵入包圍感測空間Sp1之感測殼體7等時，由發光元件4輸出之光的一部份在感測殼體7之內面700向受光元件5反射的可能性亦降低。結果，在感測殼體7之內面700的反射光難以射入受光元件5，因此雖提高煙感測器1之感測精度仍能抑制雜散光之增加。According to this structure, at least a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 once and then incident on the light-receiving element 5 is shielded by the light-shielding structure 70. Therefore, in the smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment, compared to the structure without the light-shielding structure 70, the light output by the light-emitting element 4 may be reflected by the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 and then enter the light-receiving element 5 Sexual decrease. Therefore, for example, even if dirt and foreign matter intrude into the sensing housing 7 surrounding the sensing space Sp1, a part of the light output by the light emitting element 4 is reflected toward the light receiving element 5 on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 The possibility is also reduced. As a result, the reflected light on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 is difficult to enter the light receiving element 5. Therefore, although the sensing accuracy of the smoke sensor 1 is improved, the increase of stray light can be suppressed.

(2) 結構 以下，詳細說明本實施形態之煙感測器1的結構。(2) Structure Hereinafter, the structure of the smoke sensor 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.

在本實施形態中，以煙感測器1安裝於設施之天花板作為一例來說明。以下， 在煙感測器1安裝於天花板之狀態下，以相對水平面垂直(直交)之方向為「上下方向」且以上下方向中之下方為「下方」來說明。圖中顯示「上下方向」之箭號只不過是為了說明而表示，與實體無關。但是，該等方向沒有限定煙感測器1之使用方向(安裝方向)的意思。例如，在此規定之「下方」在實際煙感測器1之設置狀態下可為前方(水平方向)。In this embodiment, the smoke sensor 1 is installed on the ceiling of a facility as an example. Hereinafter, in the state where the smoke sensor 1 is installed on the ceiling, the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane (orthogonal) is the "up and down direction" and the bottom of the up and down direction is "below" for description. The arrow in the "up and down direction" shown in the figure is just for illustration and has nothing to do with the entity. However, these directions do not limit the use direction (installation direction) of the smoke sensor 1. For example, the "below" specified here can be the front (horizontal direction) in the actual smoke sensor 1 setting state.

此外，在以下說明之各圖中示意地表示煙感測器1之結構，有時圖中之各種尺寸關係與實物不同。In addition, in the drawings described below, the structure of the smoke sensor 1 is schematically shown, and the various dimensional relationships in the drawings may be different from the actual product.

(2.1) 全體結構 首先，參照圖2A至圖5說明本實施形態之煙感測器1的全體結構。(2.1) Overall structure First, the overall structure of the smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A to 5.

煙感測器1具有：框體2、感測塊10(請參照圖3)及電路塊20(請參照圖3)。此外，在本實施形態中，煙感測器1更具有：聲音輸出部61(請參照圖3)及電池62。煙感測器1之構成要素不一定包含電池62，且煙感測器1之構成要素可不包含電池62。The smoke sensor 1 has a frame body 2, a sensing block 10 (please refer to FIG. 3), and a circuit block 20 (please refer to FIG. 3). In addition, in this embodiment, the smoke sensor 1 further includes a sound output unit 61 (please refer to FIG. 3) and a battery 62. The constituent elements of the smoke sensor 1 do not necessarily include the battery 62, and the constituent elements of the smoke sensor 1 may not include the battery 62.

框體2在平面圖中呈圓形之圓盤狀。框體2係合成樹脂製之成形品。框體2具有：第一蓋21及第二蓋22。第一蓋21以覆蓋第二蓋22之下面的方式相對第二蓋22組合。第二蓋22固定在施工面(在本實施形態中為天花板面)上。但是，嚴格來說，第二蓋22並非直接地固定在施工面上，而是藉由固定在固定於施工面之安裝基座，相對施工面間接地固定。The frame 2 has a circular disc shape in a plan view. The frame 2 is a molded product made of synthetic resin. The frame 2 has a first cover 21 and a second cover 22. The first cover 21 is combined with the second cover 22 in a manner of covering the underside of the second cover 22. The second cover 22 is fixed to the construction surface (the ceiling surface in this embodiment). However, strictly speaking, the second cover 22 is not directly fixed to the construction surface, but is fixed indirectly to the construction surface by being fixed to an installation base fixed to the construction surface.

在此，第一蓋21及第二蓋22都形成圓盤狀且在平面圖中之外周形狀相同。因此，藉由組合第一蓋21與第二蓋22，構成1個圓盤狀之框體2。第一蓋21藉由多數根(3根)螺絲63相對第二蓋22結合。在第一蓋21與第二蓋22互相結合之狀態下，感測塊10、電路塊20及聲音輸出部61收容在第一蓋21與第二蓋22之間。Here, the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are both formed in a disc shape and have the same outer peripheral shape in a plan view. Therefore, by combining the first cover 21 and the second cover 22, a disk-shaped frame 2 is formed. The first cover 21 is combined with the second cover 22 by a plurality of (3) screws 63. In a state where the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are combined with each other, the sensing block 10, the circuit block 20 and the sound output part 61 are accommodated between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22.

第一蓋21具有：圓形第一主板211；及由第一主板211上面之外周部朝上方突出之第一周壁212。此外，第一蓋21在第一主板211之上面更具有：用以配置電路塊20之電路區域213(請參照圖4)；及用以配置聲音輸出部61之第一音響區域214(請參照圖4)。第一蓋21更具有配置在電路區域213內之按鈕215。按鈕215係構成為藉由鉸鍊構造可相對第一主板211移動，且可進行塞入框體2之內側，即上方的操作。藉由按壓操作按鈕215，可操作配置在電路區域213中之電路塊20包含的開關。The first cover 21 has: a circular first main plate 211; and a first peripheral wall 212 protruding upward from the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the first main plate 211. In addition, the first cover 21 further has on the top of the first main board 211: a circuit area 213 for configuring the circuit block 20 (please refer to FIG. 4); and a first audio area 214 (please refer to Figure 4). The first cover 21 further has a button 215 arranged in the circuit area 213. The button 215 is configured to be movable relative to the first main board 211 through a hinge structure, and can be inserted into the inner side of the frame 2, that is, the upper side operation. By pressing the operation button 215, the switches included in the circuit block 20 disposed in the circuit area 213 can be operated.

此外，第一主板211之下面形成沿外周緣延伸之溝216(請參照圖2A)。溝216呈與第一主板211下面之外周緣大致同心圓狀，且通過全周地形成。即，溝216呈比第一主板211下面之外周緣小1圈的圓環狀。此外，溝216之底面中對應於第一音響區域214之部分形成朝第一主板211之板厚方向貫穿第一主板211的音孔217(請參照圖2A)。In addition, a groove 216 extending along the outer periphery is formed under the first main board 211 (please refer to FIG. 2A). The groove 216 is substantially concentric with the outer peripheral edge of the lower surface of the first main plate 211, and is formed over the entire circumference. That is, the groove 216 has an annular shape that is one turn smaller than the outer periphery of the lower surface of the first main plate 211. In addition, a portion of the bottom surface of the groove 216 corresponding to the first sound area 214 is formed with a sound hole 217 that penetrates the first main board 211 in the thickness direction of the first main board 211 (please refer to FIG. 2A).

第二蓋22具有：圓形第二主板221；及由第二主板221上面之外周部朝上方突出之第二周壁222。此外，第二蓋22在第二主板221之下面更具有：用以配置感測塊10之收容區域223(請參照圖3)；及用以配置聲音輸出部61之第二音響區域224。第二蓋22在第二主板221之上面更具有用以收容電池62之電池區域225 (請參照圖4)。The second cover 22 has: a circular second main plate 221; and a second peripheral wall 222 protruding upward from the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the second main plate 221. In addition, the second cover 22 further has under the second main board 221: a receiving area 223 for disposing the sensing block 10 (please refer to FIG. 3); and a second acoustic area 224 for disposing the sound output part 61. The second cover 22 further has a battery area 225 for accommodating the battery 62 on the upper surface of the second main board 221 (please refer to FIG. 4).

此外，第二蓋22更具有由第二主板221之下面朝下方突出的多數分隔件226。 多數分隔件226藉由使各前端部(下端部)接觸第一主板211之上面，可在第一蓋21與第二蓋22之間確保預定之間隙。具體而言，在第一蓋21與第二蓋22互相結合之狀態下，第一周壁212之上端面與第二主板221之下面間形成連接框體2之內部空間與框體2之外部的開口部23。藉此，煙可通過開口部23流入框體2之內部空間，即第一蓋21與第二蓋22間之空間。In addition, the second cover 22 further has a plurality of partitions 226 protruding downward from the bottom of the second main board 221. The plurality of partitions 226 can ensure a predetermined gap between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 by making each front end (lower end) contact the upper surface of the first main board 211. Specifically, in the state where the first cover 21 and the second cover 22 are combined with each other, the upper end surface of the first peripheral wall 212 and the lower surface of the second main plate 221 form a connection between the internal space of the frame 2 and the outside of the frame 2的开部23。 The opening 23. Thereby, the smoke can flow into the internal space of the frame body 2 through the opening 23, that is, the space between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22.

感測塊10具有：感測殼體7、發光元件4(請參照圖6)及受光元件5(請參照圖6)。感測殼體7在平面圖中呈圓形之圓盤狀。感測殼體7係合成樹脂製之成形品。在此，感測殼體7至少具有遮光性。在本實施形態中，感測殼體7之一部份具有作為壁構造3(請參照圖5)之機能。壁構造3具有抑制光由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1且使煙由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1中的機能。在框體2之內部空間中，感測塊10配置在電路塊20的上方。感測塊10感測存在感測殼體7內之感測空間Sp1(請參照圖5)中的煙。The sensing block 10 has a sensing housing 7, a light-emitting element 4 (please refer to FIG. 6), and a light-receiving element 5 (please refer to FIG. 6). The sensing housing 7 has a circular disc shape in a plan view. The sensing housing 7 is a molded product made of synthetic resin. Here, the sensing housing 7 has at least light-shielding properties. In this embodiment, a part of the sensing housing 7 has a function as a wall structure 3 (please refer to FIG. 5). The wall structure 3 has the function of preventing light from entering the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1 and allowing smoke to enter the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1. In the internal space of the frame 2, the sensing block 10 is arranged above the circuit block 20. The sensing block 10 senses smoke in the sensing space Sp1 (please refer to FIG. 5) in the sensing housing 7.

即，如圖5所示地，感測塊10與電路塊20等一起收容在框體2之內部空間，即第一蓋21與第二蓋22間之空間中。此外，框體2之內部空間透過如上所述之開口部23與框體2之外部連接，因此煙可通過開口部23流入框體2之內部空間。在圖5中用虛線箭號示意地顯示煙之進入通路的一部份。另外，感測塊10具有使煙由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1的壁構造3，因此流入框體2之內部空間的煙可進一步流入感測空間Sp1。藉此，可感測感測塊10中之煙。感測塊10係在「(2.2) 感測塊之結構」的欄中詳細地說明。That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the sensing block 10 and the circuit block 20 are contained in the internal space of the housing 2, that is, in the space between the first cover 21 and the second cover 22. In addition, the internal space of the frame 2 is connected to the outside of the frame 2 through the opening 23 as described above, so smoke can flow into the internal space of the frame 2 through the opening 23. In Fig. 5, a part of the entrance path of smoke is schematically shown with a dashed arrow. In addition, the sensing block 10 has a wall structure 3 that allows smoke to enter the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1, so the smoke flowing into the inner space of the frame 2 can further flow into the sensing space Sp1. In this way, the smoke in the sensing block 10 can be sensed. The sensing block 10 is described in detail in the column of "(2.2) Structure of the sensing block".

電路塊20具有：印刷配線板201；及包含開關之多數電子零件202。多數電子零件202安裝在印刷配線板201上。感測塊10之發光元件4及受光元件5電性連接於印刷配線板201之導體部。此外，聲音輸出部61及電池62亦電性連接於印刷配線板201之導體部。在本實施形態中，印刷配線板201配置在感測塊10之下方，即感測塊10與第一主板211之間。感測塊10搭載在印刷配線板201之板厚方向的一面(上面)上。The circuit block 20 has: a printed wiring board 201; and a plurality of electronic parts 202 including switches. Many electronic components 202 are mounted on the printed wiring board 201. The light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5 of the sensing block 10 are electrically connected to the conductor portion of the printed wiring board 201. In addition, the sound output part 61 and the battery 62 are also electrically connected to the conductor part of the printed wiring board 201. In this embodiment, the printed wiring board 201 is arranged below the sensing block 10, that is, between the sensing block 10 and the first main board 211. The sensing block 10 is mounted on one surface (upper surface) of the printed wiring board 201 in the thickness direction.

在此，電路塊20包含由多數電子零件202構成之控制電路。控制電路係進行發光元件4、受光元件5及聲音輸出部61等之控制的電路，且至少驅動發光元件4並對受光元件5之輸出信號實行信號處理。在信號處理時，電路塊20藉由比較受光元件5之受光量(輸出信號之大小)與臨界值，判斷感測空間Sp1中有無煙。 受光元件5中之受光量隨著例如感測空間Sp1之煙濃度及煙之種類(白煙及黑煙等)而變化。因此，電路塊20藉由與臨界值比較，在感測空間Sp1中存在一定濃度以上之煙時，判斷為「有煙」。電路塊20感測到煙存在時，輸出用以驅動聲音輸出部61之電信號至聲音輸出部61。Here, the circuit block 20 includes a control circuit composed of a plurality of electronic components 202. The control circuit is a circuit that controls the light-emitting element 4, the light-receiving element 5, the sound output unit 61, etc., and drives at least the light-emitting element 4 and performs signal processing on the output signal of the light-receiving element 5. During signal processing, the circuit block 20 determines whether there is smoke in the sensing space Sp1 by comparing the amount of light received by the light receiving element 5 (the size of the output signal) and the critical value. The amount of light received in the light receiving element 5 varies with, for example, the smoke concentration in the sensing space Sp1 and the type of smoke (white smoke, black smoke, etc.). Therefore, the circuit block 20 judges that there is "smoke" when there is a certain concentration of smoke or more in the sensing space Sp1 by comparing with the threshold value. When the circuit block 20 senses the presence of smoke, it outputs an electrical signal for driving the sound output part 61 to the sound output part 61.

聲音輸出部61接收來自電路塊20之電信號後輸出聲音(音波)。聲音輸出部61係藉由將電信號轉換成聲音之揚聲器或蜂鳴器等來實現。聲音輸出部61呈在平面圖中為圓形之圓盤狀。The sound output unit 61 receives the electric signal from the circuit block 20 and outputs sound (sound wave). The sound output unit 61 is realized by a speaker or a buzzer that converts electric signals into sound. The sound output unit 61 has a circular disk shape in a plan view.

電池62收容在第二蓋22之上方的電池區域225中。電池62可為一次電池或二次電池。The battery 62 is housed in the battery area 225 above the second cover 22. The battery 62 may be a primary battery or a secondary battery.

例如自動火災通知系統之構成要素包含如以上說明地構成之本實施形態的煙感測器1。除了煙感測器1以外，自動火災通知系統具有例如：接收來自煙感測器1之通報信號(火災信號)之接收機；及在人發現火災時用以操作按鈕之發送機等。在自動火災通知系統中，例如，藉由煙感測器1檢知火災(因此產生之煙)發生時，由煙感測器1發送通知火災發生之通報信號(火災信號)至接收機。For example, the constituent elements of the automatic fire notification system include the smoke sensor 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above. In addition to the smoke sensor 1, the automatic fire notification system has, for example, a receiver for receiving notification signals (fire signals) from the smoke sensor 1, and a transmitter for operating buttons when a fire is discovered. In the automatic fire notification system, for example, when the smoke sensor 1 detects the occurrence of a fire (the resulting smoke), the smoke sensor 1 sends a notification signal (fire signal) notifying the occurrence of the fire to the receiver.

(2.2) 感測塊之結構 接著，參照圖6至圖10說明感測塊10之更詳細的結構。但是，以下說明之各圖係示意圖，且圖中各部位之長度或大小的比不一定反映實際之尺寸比。(2.2) The structure of the sensing block Next, a more detailed structure of the sensing block 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10. However, the drawings described below are schematic diagrams, and the ratio of length or size of each part in the drawings does not necessarily reflect the actual size ratio.

感測塊10如上所述地具有：感測殼體7、發光元件4及受光元件5，且感測殼體7之一部份具有作為壁構造3之機能。感測空間Sp1形成在感測殼體7之內部。 此外，感測殼體7具有保持發光元件4之發光元件支架8。另外，感測殼體7具有保持受光元件5之受光元件支架9。即，本實施形態之煙感測器1具有發光元件支架8及受光元件支架9。The sensing block 10 has the sensing housing 7, the light emitting element 4 and the light receiving element 5 as described above, and a part of the sensing housing 7 functions as the wall structure 3. The sensing space Sp1 is formed inside the sensing housing 7. In addition, the sensing housing 7 has a light-emitting element holder 8 for holding the light-emitting element 4. In addition, the sensing housing 7 has a light-receiving element holder 9 that holds the light-receiving element 5. That is, the smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment has a light-emitting element holder 8 and a light-receiving element holder 9.

在本實施形態中，如圖6所示地，感測殼體7具有：第一殼體71及第二殼體72。第二殼體72以覆蓋第一殼體71之上面的方式相對第一殼體71組合。第一殼體71固定在印刷配線板201(請參照圖3)上。第一殼體71具有用以將第一殼體71固定在印刷配線板201上之一對爪711(請參照圖7)。一對爪711由第一殼體71下面之外周部朝下方突出，且藉由鉤住印刷配線板201之孔的周緣，將第一殼體71固定在印刷配線板201上。換言之，藉由按扣配合方式機械地結合第一殼體71與印刷配線板201。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the sensing housing 7 has a first housing 71 and a second housing 72. The second housing 72 is combined with the first housing 71 in a manner of covering the upper surface of the first housing 71. The first housing 71 is fixed to the printed wiring board 201 (please refer to FIG. 3). The first housing 71 has a pair of claws 711 for fixing the first housing 71 on the printed wiring board 201 (please refer to FIG. 7). A pair of claws 711 protrude downward from the outer periphery of the lower surface of the first housing 71, and by hooking the periphery of the hole of the printed wiring board 201, the first housing 71 is fixed on the printed wiring board 201. In other words, the first housing 71 and the printed wiring board 201 are mechanically combined by a snap fit.

在此，第一殼體71及第二殼體72都在平面圖中形成圓形，且平面圖中之外周形狀大致相同。因此，藉由組合第一殼體71與第二殼體72，構成1個圓盤狀之感測殼體7。第一殼體71具有用以結合第一殼體71與第二殼體72之一對爪712(請參照圖7)。一對爪712由第一殼體71上面之外周部朝上方突出，且藉由鉤住第二殼體72之外周面，結合第一殼體71與第二殼體72。換言之，藉由按扣配合方式機械地結合第一殼體71與第二殼體72。在第一殼體71與第二殼體72互相結合之狀態下，在第一殼體71與第二殼體72之間形成感測空間Sp1。Here, the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are both circular in plan view, and the outer peripheral shape in plan view is substantially the same. Therefore, by combining the first housing 71 and the second housing 72, a disc-shaped sensing housing 7 is formed. The first housing 71 has a pair of claws 712 for connecting the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 (please refer to FIG. 7). A pair of claws 712 protrude upward from the outer peripheral part of the upper surface of the first housing 71, and by hooking the outer peripheral surface of the second housing 72, the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are combined. In other words, the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are mechanically combined by a snap fit. In a state where the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are combined with each other, a sensing space Sp1 is formed between the first housing 71 and the second housing 72.

第一殼體71具有：底板73；及壁構造3，其由底板73上面之(第一)內底面731的外周部朝上方突出。底板73之內底面731構成感測空間Sp1之底面。此外，第一殼體71更具有：構成發光元件支架8之一部份的第一支架81；及受光元件支架9。另外，第一殼體71更具有：後述遮光壁74(請參照圖7)、遮光肋75(請參照圖7)及輔助遮光壁76(請參照圖7)。第一支架81、受光元件支架9、遮光壁74、遮光肋75及輔助遮光壁76各自由底板73之內底面731朝上方突出。在此，發光元件支架8、受光元件支架9、遮光壁74及輔助遮光壁76由底板73之內底面731的突出量與壁構造3由底板73之內底面731的突出量大致相同。The first housing 71 has a bottom plate 73 and a wall structure 3 that protrudes upward from the outer peripheral portion of the (first) inner bottom surface 731 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 73. The inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 constitutes the bottom surface of the sensing space Sp1. In addition, the first housing 71 further has: a first support 81 constituting a part of the light-emitting element support 8; and a light-receiving element support 9. In addition, the first housing 71 further has: a light-shielding wall 74 (please refer to FIG. 7), a light-shielding rib 75 (please refer to FIG. 7), and an auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 (please refer to FIG. 7) described later. The first bracket 81, the light-receiving element bracket 9, the light-shielding wall 74, the light-shielding rib 75, and the auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 respectively protrude upward from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73. Here, the protrusion amount of the light emitting element holder 8, the light receiving element holder 9, the light shielding wall 74 and the auxiliary light shielding wall 76 from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 is substantially the same as the protrusion amount of the wall structure 3 from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73.

第二殼體72具有：圓形之上板721；及周壁722，其由板721下面之(第二)內底面725的外周部朝下方突出。周壁722之內徑比壁構造3之外徑大。此外，周壁722由上板721之內底面725的突出量與壁構造3由底板73之內底面731的突出量大致相同。因此，在第一殼體71與第二殼體72互相結合之狀態下，周壁722之前端面(下端面)接觸底板73之內底面731，且壁構造3之前端面(上端面)接觸上板721之內底面725。在此狀態下，壁構造3收納在被周壁722包圍之空間中。The second housing 72 has: a circular upper plate 721; and a peripheral wall 722, which protrudes downward from the outer peripheral portion of the (second) inner bottom surface 725 below the plate 721. The inner diameter of the peripheral wall 722 is larger than the outer diameter of the wall structure 3. In addition, the amount of protrusion of the peripheral wall 722 from the inner bottom surface 725 of the upper plate 721 is substantially the same as the amount of protrusion of the wall structure 3 from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73. Therefore, in the state where the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are coupled to each other, the front end surface (lower end surface) of the peripheral wall 722 contacts the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73, and the front end surface (upper end surface) of the wall structure 3 contacts the upper plate 721之内底面725。 The inner bottom surface 725. In this state, the wall structure 3 is housed in the space surrounded by the peripheral wall 722.

朝周壁722之板厚方向貫穿周壁722之多數窗孔723形成在周壁722中。多數窗孔723沿著上板721之內底面725的周方向排列。藉此，在第一殼體71與第二殼體72互相結合之狀態下，壁構造3透過多數窗孔723露出感測殼體7之外部。在此，防蟲網可以覆蓋多數窗孔723之方式安裝在周壁722上。防蟲網減少蟲等之異物由多數窗孔723進入感測殼體7內之感測空間Sp1。A plurality of window holes 723 penetrating the peripheral wall 722 in the thickness direction of the peripheral wall 722 are formed in the peripheral wall 722. The plurality of window holes 723 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner bottom surface 725 of the upper plate 721. Thereby, in the state where the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are combined with each other, the wall structure 3 exposes the outside of the sensing housing 7 through the plurality of window holes 723. Here, the anti-insect net can be installed on the peripheral wall 722 in a manner that covers most of the window holes 723. The anti-insect net reduces foreign matter such as insects from entering the sensing space Sp1 in the sensing housing 7 through a plurality of windows 723.

此外，第二殼體72更具有構成發光元件支架8之一部份的第二支架82(請參照圖9)。第二支架82與第一支架81一起構成發光元件支架8。換言之，發光元件支架8分割成：設置在第一殼體71中之第一支架81；及設置在第二殼體72中之第二支架82的2構件。此外，第二殼體72在上板721之內底面725中與作為「第一遮光肋」之遮光肋75對向的位置更具有作為「第二遮光肋」之遮光肋724(請參照圖9)。In addition, the second housing 72 further has a second bracket 82 that forms a part of the light-emitting element bracket 8 (please refer to FIG. 9). The second holder 82 and the first holder 81 constitute the light emitting element holder 8. In other words, the light-emitting element holder 8 is divided into two components: the first holder 81 provided in the first housing 71 and the second holder 82 provided in the second housing 72. In addition, the second housing 72 has a light-shielding rib 724 as a "second light-shielding rib" at a position opposite to the light-shielding rib 75 as a "first light-shielding rib" in the inner bottom surface 725 of the upper plate 721 (please refer to FIG. 9). ).

由感測殼體7之內面700(請參照圖1)突出至感測空間Sp1內的遮光構造70包含(第一)遮光肋75及(第二)遮光肋724。即，遮光肋75及遮光肋724構成遮光構造70之至少一部份。遮光構造70係在「(2.3) 遮光構造之結構」的欄中詳細地說明。The light shielding structure 70 protruding into the sensing space Sp1 from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 (please refer to FIG. 1) includes a (first) light shielding rib 75 and a (second) light shielding rib 724. That is, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 constitute at least a part of the light-shielding structure 70. The light-shielding structure 70 is described in detail in the column of "(2.3) Structure of the light-shielding structure".

如圖8A所示地，由與底板73之內底面731(一平面)直交的一方向(上方)來觀察，壁構造3包圍感測空間Sp1。圖8A係移除第二殼體72之狀態，即省略第二殼體72之感測塊10的平面圖。在本實施形態中，在底板73之內底面731上形成平面圖中圓形之感測空間Sp1。壁構造3以在平面圖中通過全周地包圍感測空間Sp1之方式形成圓環狀。換言之，圓環狀之壁構造3沿著內底面731之外周緣形成在底板73之內底面731的外周部。在第一殼體71與第二殼體72互相結合之狀態下，在底板73與上板721之間且被壁構造3包圍的空間成為感測空間Sp1。即，感測空間Sp1與感測空間Sp1周圍之空間被壁構造3隔開。As shown in FIG. 8A, when viewed from a direction (upward) perpendicular to the inner bottom surface 731 (a plane) of the bottom plate 73, the wall structure 3 surrounds the sensing space Sp1. FIG. 8A is a plan view of the state where the second housing 72 is removed, that is, the sensing block 10 of the second housing 72 is omitted. In this embodiment, a circular sensing space Sp1 in plan view is formed on the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73. The wall structure 3 is formed in a circular ring shape so as to surround the sensing space Sp1 on the entire circumference in a plan view. In other words, the annular wall structure 3 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 along the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731. In a state where the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are coupled to each other, the space between the bottom plate 73 and the upper plate 721 and surrounded by the wall structure 3 becomes the sensing space Sp1. That is, the sensing space Sp1 and the space around the sensing space Sp1 are separated by the wall structure 3.

此時，壁構造3在壁構造3之厚度方向的兩側具有：朝向感測空間Sp1側之內側面31；及朝向與感測空間Sp1相反側之外側面32。壁構造3在厚度方向上使煙通過且抑制光透過。即，壁構造3係平面圖中具有預定厚度之構造體且在厚度方向之兩側具有內側面31及外側面32。在本實施形態中，壁構造3係將底板73之內底面731的半徑方向，即沿底板73之內底面731(一平面)的方向，亦即由感測空間Sp1之周圍向感測空間Sp1之中心的方向設為壁構造3之厚度方向。此外，壁構造3具有使煙通過內側面31與外側面32之間，且抑制光透過的機能。藉此，壁構造3可抑制光由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1且使煙由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1。在本實施形態中，壁構造3之厚度在全周上大致均一，且在平面圖中，內底面731之外周緣、內側面31及外側面32呈大致同心圓狀。At this time, the wall structure 3 has, on both sides of the thickness direction of the wall structure 3, an inner surface 31 facing the sensing space Sp1 side, and an outer surface 32 facing the opposite side of the sensing space Sp1. The wall structure 3 allows smoke to pass through in the thickness direction and suppresses light transmission. That is, the wall structure 3 is a structure having a predetermined thickness in a plan view and has an inner surface 31 and an outer surface 32 on both sides in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, the wall structure 3 sets the radial direction of the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73, that is, along the direction of the inner bottom surface 731 (a flat surface) of the bottom plate 73, that is, from the periphery of the sensing space Sp1 to the sensing space Sp1 The direction of the center is the thickness direction of the wall structure 3. In addition, the wall structure 3 has a function of allowing smoke to pass between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 and suppressing the transmission of light. Thereby, the wall structure 3 can prevent light from entering the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1 and make smoke enter the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1. In this embodiment, the thickness of the wall structure 3 is substantially uniform over the entire circumference, and in plan view, the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731, the inner surface 31, and the outer surface 32 are substantially concentric.

為實現上述機能，如此之壁構造3具有朝厚度方向貫穿壁構造3，即貫穿內側面31與外側面32間之多數煙通過孔33。多數煙通過孔33沿壁構造3之周方向排列。藉此，壁構造3可透過各煙通過孔33使煙通過，且可使煙由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1。在此，各煙通過孔33在平面圖中不是正直地貫穿內側面31與外側面32間的形狀，而是內側面31與外側面32間之至少一部份彎曲的形狀。即，各煙通過孔33之至少一部份具有彎曲或屈曲之形狀，因此即使由壁構造3之外側面32側通過各煙通過孔33，亦無法看穿被壁構造3包圍之感測空間Sp1。藉此，可抑制光通過各煙通過孔33而透過壁構造3，且可抑制光由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1。但是，煙通過孔33不需要全周都被壁構造3包圍，例如，壁構造3可不存在煙通過孔33之上下方向的兩側。此外，各煙通過孔33之內側面31側的開口及外側面32側的開口亦可在平面圖中未排列在感測空間Sp1之半徑上，即由感測空間Sp1之中心點P1放射狀地延伸的直線上。In order to achieve the above function, such a wall structure 3 has a wall structure 3 penetrating in the thickness direction, that is, a plurality of smoke passing holes 33 between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. Most of the smoke passing holes 33 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall structure 3. Thereby, the wall structure 3 can allow smoke to pass through the smoke passage holes 33, and the smoke can enter the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1. Here, each smoke passage hole 33 is not a shape that straightly penetrates between the inner side surface 31 and the outer side surface 32 in plan view, but a shape in which at least a part of the inner side surface 31 and the outer side surface 32 is curved. That is, at least a part of each smoke passage hole 33 has a curved or buckled shape, so even if the smoke passage hole 33 passes through the outer side surface 32 of the wall structure 3, it is impossible to see through the sensing space Sp1 surrounded by the wall structure 3 . Thereby, light can be prevented from passing through each smoke passage hole 33 to pass through the wall structure 3, and light can be prevented from entering the sensing space Sp1 from the outside of the sensing space Sp1. However, the smoke passage hole 33 does not need to be surrounded by the wall structure 3 all around. For example, the wall structure 3 may not have the smoke passage hole 33 on both sides in the upper and lower directions. In addition, the openings on the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 of each smoke passage hole 33 may not be arranged on the radius of the sensing space Sp1 in plan view, that is, radially from the center point P1 of the sensing space Sp1 Extending on a straight line.

具體而言，壁構造3係沿內側面31排列之多數小片30的集合體。煙可透過該等多數小片30之間通過壁構造3。換言之，小片30沿內底面731之外周緣間隔地排列配置在底板73之內底面731的外周部。多數小片30都由底板73之內底面731突出並構成1個壁構造3。由底板73之內底面731的突出量大致均一。壁構造3在多數小片30中相鄰之一對小片30間分別地具有煙通過孔33。因此，構成壁構造3之小片30不存在各煙通過孔33之上下方向的兩側。Specifically, the wall structure 3 is an assembly of a large number of small pieces 30 arranged along the inner surface 31. Smoke can pass through the wall structure 3 between the plurality of small pieces 30. In other words, the small pieces 30 are arranged on the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 at intervals along the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731. Many small pieces 30 protrude from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 and constitute a wall structure 3. The amount of protrusion from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 is approximately uniform. The wall structure 3 respectively has smoke passage holes 33 between a pair of adjacent small pieces 30 among the plurality of small pieces 30. Therefore, the small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3 do not have the upper and lower sides of each smoke passage hole 33.

內側面31係通過該等多數小片30之感測空間Sp1側的端緣301的面。外側面32係通過與多數小片30之感測空間Sp1相反側的端緣302的面。簡言之，連結多數小片30之感測空間Sp1側的端緣301的平滑曲面、平面或平面與曲面之組合相當於內側面31。同樣地，連結與多數小片30之感測空間Sp1相反側的端緣302的平滑曲面、平面或平面與曲面之組合相當於外側面32。The inner surface 31 is a surface passing through the edge 301 on the sensing space Sp1 side of the plurality of small pieces 30. The outer surface 32 is a surface passing through the end edge 302 on the opposite side of the sensing space Sp1 of the plurality of small pieces 30. In short, the smooth curved surface, the flat surface or the combination of the flat surface and the curved surface connecting the end edge 301 on the sensing space Sp1 side of the plurality of small pieces 30 corresponds to the inner surface 31. Similarly, a smooth curved surface, a flat surface, or a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface connecting the edge 302 on the opposite side of the sensing space Sp1 of the plurality of small pieces 30 corresponds to the outer surface 32.

換言之，多數小片30之感測空間Sp1側的端緣301位於內側面31上，且與多數小片30之感測空間Sp1相反側的端緣302位於外側面32上。在多數小片30中與後述輔助遮光壁76接續之小片30中，亦與其他小片30同樣地，感測空間Sp1側之端緣301位於內側面31上且與多數小片30之感測空間Sp1相反側的端緣302位於外側面32上。如此，內側面31及外側面32之各側面在本實施形態中不是具有實體之面，而是藉由多數小片30規定形狀之假想面。因此，在圖8A與圖8B中，用假想線(2點虛線)表示內側面31及外側面32。此外，在圖8A中在相當於壁構造3之區域加上半色調網點(點陰影)。In other words, the end edge 301 on the side of the sensing space Sp1 of the plurality of small pieces 30 is located on the inner side surface 31, and the end edge 302 on the opposite side of the sensing space Sp1 of the majority of small pieces 30 is located on the outer side surface 32. In the small pieces 30 that are connected to the auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 described later among the many small pieces 30, the end edge 301 on the side of the sensing space Sp1 is located on the inner surface 31 and opposite to the sensing space Sp1 of the many small pieces 30, similarly to the other small pieces 30. The side edge 302 is located on the outer side surface 32. In this way, each side surface of the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 does not have a physical surface in this embodiment, but a virtual surface whose shape is defined by a plurality of small pieces 30. Therefore, in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 are represented by imaginary lines (two-dot dashed line). In addition, halftone dots (dot shading) are added to the area corresponding to the wall structure 3 in FIG. 8A.

但是，多數小片30全部之端緣301的位置不必與內側面31完全一致，多數小片30之端緣301的位置與內側面31大略一致即可。在圖8A之例中，多數小片30中之過半數小片30的感測空間Sp1側之端緣301的位置與內側面31完全一致，而剩餘小片30之端緣301的位置雖然在內側面31附近，但未與內側面31完全一致。 如此，內側面31係由多數小片30中之過半數小片30的端緣301的位置規定，而剩餘小片30之端緣301可在內側面31附近。外側面32亦同樣，即多數小片30之端緣302的位置不必全部與外側面32完全一致，多數小片30之端緣302之位置與外側面32大略一致即可。即，外側面32係由多數小片30中之過半數小片30的端緣302的位置規定，而剩餘小片30之端緣302可在外側面32附近。在此所謂「附近」係由內側面31或外側面32來觀察，壁構造3厚度之大約20%的範圍。However, the positions of all the end edges 301 of most small pieces 30 do not have to be exactly the same as the inner side surface 31, and the positions of the end edges 301 of most small pieces 30 may be roughly the same as the inner side surface 31. In the example of FIG. 8A, the position of the edge 301 on the sensing space Sp1 side of the majority of the small pieces 30 is exactly the same as that of the inner surface 31, while the position of the edge 301 of the remaining small pieces 30 is on the inner surface 31. Nearby, but not completely consistent with the inner surface 31. In this way, the inner surface 31 is defined by the position of the edge 301 of more than half of the small pieces 30 in the plurality of small pieces 30, and the end edge 301 of the remaining small pieces 30 can be near the inner surface 31. The same is true for the outer side 32, that is, the positions of the end edges 302 of the majority of the small pieces 30 do not need to be completely consistent with the outer side 32, and the positions of the end 302 of the majority of the small pieces 30 are roughly the same as the outer side 32. That is, the outer surface 32 is defined by the position of the edge 302 of more than half of the small pieces 30, and the edge 302 of the remaining small pieces 30 may be near the outer surface 32. The so-called "nearby" here is viewed from the inner surface 31 or the outer surface 32, which is about 20% of the thickness of the wall structure 3.

在本實施形態中，在平面圖中，外側面32與底板73之內底面731的外周緣大致平行，即內底面731之外周緣到外側面32之距離在全周上均一。此外，如圖8A所示地，內側面31形成在感測空間Sp1之中心點P1與外側面32間且比中心點P1接近外側面32的位置。換言之，在平面圖中，畫出與外側面32之大致同心圓，即半徑為外側面32一半(1/2)之假想圓時，內側面31位於該假想圓與外側面32之間。但是，如此之內側面31及外側面32的各側面形狀及配置只不過是一例，內側面31及外側面32的各側面亦可採用其他形狀及配置。In this embodiment, in a plan view, the outer surface 32 is substantially parallel to the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73, that is, the distance from the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731 to the outer surface 32 is uniform over the entire circumference. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8A, the inner side surface 31 is formed between the center point P1 and the outer side surface 32 of the sensing space Sp1 and is closer to the outer side surface 32 than the center point P1. In other words, in a plan view, when a substantially concentric circle with the outer side surface 32 is drawn, that is, an imaginary circle whose radius is half (1/2) of the outer side surface 32, the inner side surface 31 is located between the imaginary circle and the outer side surface 32. However, the shape and arrangement of each side surface of the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 are just an example, and the respective side surfaces of the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 may adopt other shapes and arrangements.

在此，多數小片30之各小片在平面圖中，在感測空間Sp1側之端緣301及與感測空間Sp1相反側之端緣302間具有彎曲部。在本實施形態中，多數小片30之各小片在平面圖中形成大致L形、大致V形或大致Y形。藉由如此之形狀，由相鄰之一對小片30間產生的間隙形成的各煙通過孔33如上所述地在平面圖中， 內側面31與外側面32間之至少一部份形成彎曲的形狀。藉此，壁構造3可實現在厚度方向上使煙通過且抑制光透過的功能。Here, in plan view, each of the small pieces of the plurality of small pieces 30 has a curved portion between the end edge 301 on the side of the sensing space Sp1 and the end edge 302 on the side opposite to the sensing space Sp1. In this embodiment, each small piece of the plurality of small pieces 30 forms a substantially L-shape, a substantially V-shape, or a substantially Y-shape in plan view. With such a shape, each smoke passage hole 33 formed by the gap between a pair of adjacent small pieces 30 is formed in a curved shape in at least a part between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 in a plan view as described above. . Thereby, the wall structure 3 can realize the function of passing smoke in the thickness direction and suppressing light transmission.

發光元件4具有光射出面41(請參照圖7)，且通電時，由光射出面41輸出光。在本實施形態中，舉例而言，發光元件4係發光二極體(LED：Light Emitting Diode)。如圖6所示地，發光元件4具有本體部401。一對引線端子402由本體部401之表面突出。在此，一對引線端子402電性連接於發光元件4之本體部401。藉由一對引線端子402電性連接於印刷配線板201，發光元件4由電路塊20接受電力供給而發光。在本實施形態中，雖然以發光元件4之構成要素不包含一對引線端子402來說明，但發光元件4之構成要素亦可包含一對引線端子402。The light emitting element 4 has a light emitting surface 41 (please refer to FIG. 7), and when energized, the light emitting surface 41 outputs light. In this embodiment, for example, the light emitting element 4 is a light emitting diode (LED: Light Emitting Diode). As shown in FIG. 6, the light-emitting element 4 has a main body 401. A pair of lead terminals 402 protrude from the surface of the main body 401. Here, the pair of lead terminals 402 are electrically connected to the main body 401 of the light-emitting element 4. With a pair of lead terminals 402 electrically connected to the printed wiring board 201, the light-emitting element 4 receives power from the circuit block 20 and emits light. In this embodiment, although it is described that the component of the light emitting element 4 does not include a pair of lead terminals 402, the component of the light emitting element 4 may also include a pair of lead terminals 402.

在此，如圖8A所示地，發光元件4配置在壁構造3之內側面31與外側面32之間。換言之，發光元件4之本體部401係配置成收納在形成壁構造3之厚度方向兩端面的內側面31與外側面32之間。此外，發光元件4係朝向內側面31側，即感測空間Sp1側配置光射出面41。因此，發光元件4不使用鏡等之光學元件便可由光射出面41向感測空間Sp1輸出光。Here, as shown in FIG. 8A, the light emitting element 4 is arranged between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 of the wall structure 3. In other words, the main body portion 401 of the light-emitting element 4 is arranged to be housed between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 that form both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the wall structure 3. In addition, the light emitting element 4 has a light emitting surface 41 facing the inner surface 31 side, that is, the sensing space Sp1 side. Therefore, the light emitting element 4 can output light from the light emitting surface 41 to the sensing space Sp1 without using optical elements such as mirrors.

在本實施形態中，如圖9所示地，發光元件4更具有：朝向外側面32側之背面42；及連接光射出面41與背面42之底面43。圖9係圖5之區域Z1的放大截面圖。電性連接於發光元件4之一對引線由底面43突出。在本實施形態中，由底面43突出之引線係引線端子402。換言之，發光元件4在本體部401之壁構造3的厚度方向兩側具有光射出面41及背面42。此外，引線端子402不是由光射出面41及背面42突出，而是由與光射出面41及背面42兩者相鄰之底面43突出。即，發光元件4係在使引線端子402突出之面(底面43)朝向下方時，朝側方輸出光之所謂側視型的發光二極體。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the light-emitting element 4 further has: a back surface 42 facing the outer surface 32 side; and a bottom surface 43 connecting the light exit surface 41 and the back surface 42. Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of area Z1 in Fig. 5. A pair of leads electrically connected to the light-emitting element 4 protrudes from the bottom surface 43. In this embodiment, the lead wire terminal 402 protrudes from the bottom surface 43. In other words, the light emitting element 4 has a light emitting surface 41 and a back surface 42 on both sides of the thickness direction of the wall structure 3 of the main body 401. In addition, the lead terminal 402 does not protrude from the light exit surface 41 and the back surface 42, but protrudes from the bottom surface 43 adjacent to both the light exit surface 41 and the back surface 42. That is, the light-emitting element 4 is a so-called side-view type light-emitting diode that outputs light to the side when the surface on which the lead terminal 402 protrudes (the bottom surface 43) faces downward.

此外，在本實施形態中，引線(引線端子402)由發光元件4朝與發光元件4之光軸Ax1(請參照圖10)直交的方向(在此為下方)突出。即，引線端子402如上所述地由底面43朝下方突出，且在引線端子402之一部份中未採用彎曲構造，可由發光元件4向下方伸出引線端子402。In addition, in the present embodiment, the lead (lead terminal 402) protrudes from the light-emitting element 4 in a direction (here, below) perpendicular to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 (refer to FIG. 10). That is, the lead terminal 402 protrudes downward from the bottom surface 43 as described above, and a part of the lead terminal 402 does not have a bent structure, and the lead terminal 402 can be extended downward from the light emitting element 4.

相較於引線端子由與光射出面相反側之面突出之結構的發光元件，在如此構成之發光元件4中，例如，可如所謂砲彈型發光二極體地減少在壁構造3之厚度方向上的佔有空間。即，在側視型之發光二極體中，由底面43突出之引線端子402可由使光射出面41朝向內側面31側之發光元件4，朝與壁構造3之厚度方向直交的方向伸出。藉此，可將壁構造3之厚度方向尺寸抑制為比較小，且可如上所述地在壁構造3之內側面31與外側面32之間，使光射出面41朝向內側面31側地配置發光元件4。Compared with the light-emitting element in which the lead terminal protrudes from the side opposite to the light-emitting surface, the light-emitting element 4 constructed in this way can be reduced in the thickness direction of the wall structure 3 as a so-called cannonball type light-emitting diode. Occupies space. That is, in a side-view light-emitting diode, the lead terminal 402 protruding from the bottom surface 43 can extend from the light-emitting element 4 with the light-emitting surface 41 facing the inner surface 31 side in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall structure 3 . Thereby, the thickness direction dimension of the wall structure 3 can be suppressed to be relatively small, and as described above, between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 of the wall structure 3, the light exit surface 41 can be arranged toward the inner surface 31 side. Luminescent element 4.

在此，底面43沿著底板73之內底面731(一平面)延伸。在本實施形態中，底面43未相對底板73之內底面731平行，而是相對內底面731傾斜。但是，底面43可沿著底板73之內底面731延伸，且可相對內底面731大致平行。Here, the bottom surface 43 extends along the inner bottom surface 731 (a flat surface) of the bottom plate 73. In this embodiment, the bottom surface 43 is not parallel to the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 but is inclined to the inner bottom surface 731. However, the bottom surface 43 may extend along the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 and may be substantially parallel to the inner bottom surface 731.

更詳而言之，光射出面41包含平坦部411及凸部412。平坦部411係與背面42大致平行之平面。凸部412係由平坦部411突出成圓頂狀，且具有凸透鏡之機能。如圖9所示地，本體部401具有發光部403及引線部404。發光部403安裝在引線部404中朝向外側面32側之表面上，且在通電時發光。引線部404與引線端子402一體地構成。In more detail, the light exit surface 41 includes a flat portion 411 and a convex portion 412. The flat portion 411 is a plane substantially parallel to the back surface 42. The convex part 412 protrudes from the flat part 411 into a dome shape, and has the function of a convex lens. As shown in FIG. 9, the main body part 401 has a light emitting part 403 and a lead part 404. The light emitting part 403 is mounted on the surface of the lead part 404 facing the outer side surface 32 side, and emits light when power is supplied. The lead portion 404 and the lead terminal 402 are formed integrally.

受光元件5係進行將光轉換成電信號之光電轉換的元件。在本實施形態中，舉例而言，受光元件5係光二極體(PD：Photodiode)。如圖6所示地，受光元件5具有：本體部501、一對引線端子502及金屬蓋503。本體部501以至少本體部501之受光面由金屬蓋503之孔露出的方式收容在金屬蓋503中。一對引線端子502由本體部501之下面突出。在此，一對引線端子502電性連接於受光元件5之本體部501。藉由一對引線端子502電性連接於印刷配線板201，受光元件5電性連接於電路塊20。The light receiving element 5 is an element that performs photoelectric conversion that converts light into electrical signals. In this embodiment, for example, the light receiving element 5 is a photodiode (PD: Photodiode). As shown in FIG. 6, the light receiving element 5 has a main body 501, a pair of lead terminals 502 and a metal cover 503. The main body 501 is housed in the metal cover 503 in such a way that at least the light-receiving surface of the main body 501 is exposed through the holes of the metal cover 503. A pair of lead terminals 502 protrude from the bottom of the main body 501. Here, a pair of lead terminals 502 are electrically connected to the main body 501 of the light receiving element 5. With a pair of lead terminals 502 electrically connected to the printed wiring board 201, the light receiving element 5 is electrically connected to the circuit block 20.

在此，受光元件5係配置在來自發光元件4之直射光不射入且因感測空間Sp1內之煙產生的散射光射入的位置。具體而言，受光元件5係朝向感測空間Sp1側配置本體部501之受光面。即，發光元件4及受光元件5兩者都朝向感測空間Sp1側配置。但是，如圖7所示地，在平面圖中，遮光壁74配置在連接發光元件4與受光元件5之直線上。遮光壁74具有遮蔽由發光元件4到受光元件5之直射光的機能。在本實施形態中，遮光壁74形成接續構成壁構造3之多數小片30中之1小片的形狀。圖7係移除第二殼體72之狀態，即省略第二殼體72之感測塊10的平面圖。Here, the light receiving element 5 is arranged at a position where the direct light from the light emitting element 4 does not enter and the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 enters. Specifically, the light receiving element 5 is configured with the light receiving surface of the main body 501 facing the sensing space Sp1 side. That is, both the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5 are arranged toward the sensing space Sp1 side. However, as shown in FIG. 7, in a plan view, the light-shielding wall 74 is arranged on a straight line connecting the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5. The light shielding wall 74 has a function of shielding direct light from the light emitting element 4 to the light receiving element 5. In this embodiment, the light-shielding wall 74 is formed in a shape that continues one of the small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the state where the second housing 72 is removed, that is, the sensing block 10 of the second housing 72 is omitted.

接著，如圖8A所示地，在平面圖中，按照發光元件4之光軸Ax1與受光元件5之光軸Ax2互相交叉的位置關係配置發光元件4及受光元件5。在圖8A之例子中，發光元件4之光軸Ax1與受光元件5之光軸Ax2交叉在平面圖中圓形之感測空間Sp1的中心點P1。若發光元件4及受光元件5具有如上所述之位置關係，來自發光元件4之直射光不射入受光元件5。另一方面，煙流入感測空間Sp1內時，來自發光元件4之光因存在感測空間Sp1之中心點P1的煙而散射，且該散射光之至少一部份由受光元件5接受。Next, as shown in FIG. 8A, in a plan view, the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5 are arranged in a positional relationship where the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 cross each other. In the example of FIG. 8A, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 intersect at the center point P1 of the circular sensing space Sp1 in the plan view. If the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5 have the positional relationship as described above, the direct light from the light-emitting element 4 does not enter the light-receiving element 5. On the other hand, when smoke flows into the sensing space Sp1, the light from the light emitting element 4 is scattered by the smoke at the center point P1 of the sensing space Sp1, and at least a part of the scattered light is received by the light receiving element 5.

如此，在煙不存在感測空間Sp1之狀態下，受光元件5未接受由發光元件4輸出之光，而在煙存在感測空間Sp1之狀態下，受光元件5接受由發光元件4輸出且因煙而散射之光(散射光)。因此，煙感測器1可依據受光元件5之受光狀態來感測存在感測空間Sp1之煙。In this way, in the state where the smoke does not exist in the sensing space Sp1, the light receiving element 5 does not receive the light output by the light emitting element 4, and in the state where the smoke exists in the sensing space Sp1, the light receiving element 5 receives the light output from the light emitting element 4 and because Light scattered by smoke (scattered light). Therefore, the smoke sensor 1 can sense the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 according to the light receiving state of the light receiving element 5.

此時，在本實施形態中，發光元件4如上所述地收納在壁構造3之厚度內，因此相較於發光元件4由壁構造3之內側面31突出的結構，可確保寬廣之感測空間Sp1。若感測空間Sp1寬廣，感測空間Sp1內之遮光壁74的配置自由度高。此外，若感測空間Sp1寬廣，遮光壁74可配置在比較遠離感測空間Sp1之中心點P1的位置。At this time, in this embodiment, the light-emitting element 4 is housed within the thickness of the wall structure 3 as described above. Therefore, compared with the structure where the light-emitting element 4 protrudes from the inner surface 31 of the wall structure 3, a wide sensing range can be ensured. Space Sp1. If the sensing space Sp1 is wide, the configuration of the light shielding wall 74 in the sensing space Sp1 has a high degree of freedom. In addition, if the sensing space Sp1 is wide, the light shielding wall 74 can be arranged at a position relatively far from the center point P1 of the sensing space Sp1.

此外，在本實施形態中，如圖10所示地，發光元件4之光軸Ax1及受光元件5之光軸Ax2沿著底板73之內底面731(一平面)延伸。圖10係圖7之A1-A1線端面圖。在圖10之例中，發光元件4之光軸Ax1及受光元件5之光軸Ax2都與底板73之內底面731大致平行。另外，發光元件4之光軸Ax1及受光元件5之光軸Ax2位於同一平面內。換言之，發光元件4之光軸Ax1及受光元件5之光軸Ax2係在相對底板73之內底面731大致相同高度的位置。In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 extend along the inner bottom surface 731 (a flat surface) of the bottom plate 73. Fig. 10 is an end view of the line A1-A1 in Fig. 7; In the example of FIG. 10, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 are both substantially parallel to the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73. In addition, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 are located in the same plane. In other words, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 are at substantially the same height relative to the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73.

此外，遮光肋75在平面圖中配置在發光元件4之正面，即與發光元件4之光射出面41對向的位置。如圖9所示地，在遮光肋75與設置在第二殼體72中之遮光肋724間產生一定之間隙。發光元件4之光軸Ax1通過遮光肋75與遮光肋724間之間隙。因此，藉由遮光肋75及遮光肋724可抑制由發光元件4輸出之光朝上下方向擴散。結果，可抑制由發光元件4輸出之光在底板73之上面(內底面731)或上板721之下面(內底面725)反射。In addition, the light-shielding rib 75 is arranged on the front surface of the light-emitting element 4 in plan view, that is, at a position opposite to the light-emitting surface 41 of the light-emitting element 4. As shown in FIG. 9, a certain gap is formed between the light shielding rib 75 and the light shielding rib 724 provided in the second housing 72. The optical axis Ax1 of the light emitting element 4 passes through the gap between the light shielding rib 75 and the light shielding rib 724. Therefore, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 can suppress the light output from the light emitting element 4 from spreading in the vertical direction. As a result, the light output from the light emitting element 4 can be suppressed from being reflected on the upper surface of the bottom plate 73 (inner bottom surface 731) or the lower surface of the upper plate 721 (inner bottom surface 725).

此外，輔助遮光壁76形成接續構成壁構造3之多數小片30中位於遮光壁74與受光元件支架9間之1小片的形狀。輔助遮光壁76由壁構造3之內側面31突出至感測空間Sp1內。輔助遮光壁76具有抑制因光在底板73之內底面731或上板721之內底面725等的反射而在感測空間Sp1之內部產生雜散光，且使煙對感測空間Sp1內之流入性提高的機能。即，輔助遮光壁76係用以抑制光由感測空間Sp1之外部進入感測空間Sp1之壁構造3一部份的小片30以外的另一構造體。在圖7中，用假想線(2點虛線)表示輔助遮光壁76與小片30之邊界線。In addition, the auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 is formed in the shape of one piece located between the light-shielding wall 74 and the light-receiving element holder 9 among the plurality of small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3. The auxiliary light shielding wall 76 protrudes from the inner side surface 31 of the wall structure 3 into the sensing space Sp1. The auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 suppresses the generation of stray light in the sensing space Sp1 due to the reflection of light on the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 or the inner bottom surface 725 of the upper plate 721, and makes the smoke flow into the sensing space Sp1. Improved performance. That is, the auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 is a structure other than the small piece 30 which is used to prevent light from entering from the outside of the sensing space Sp1 into a part of the wall structure 3 of the sensing space Sp1. In FIG. 7, the boundary line between the auxiliary light-shielding wall 76 and the small piece 30 is indicated by a virtual line (two-dot dashed line).

發光元件支架8如上所述地分割成：設置在第一殼體71中之第一支架81；及設置在第二殼體72中之第二支架82的2構件，且保持發光元件4。在此，如圖8A所示地，發光元件支架8之至少一部份配置在內側面31與外側面32之間。具體而言，第一支架81以其大部分收納在內側面31與外側面32間之方式配置在構成壁構造3之多數小片30間。第一支架81具有發光元件4嵌入之凹部。The light-emitting element holder 8 is divided into two components: the first holder 81 provided in the first housing 71 and the second holder 82 provided in the second housing 72 as described above, and holds the light-emitting element 4. Here, as shown in FIG. 8A, at least a part of the light-emitting element holder 8 is arranged between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. Specifically, the first bracket 81 is arranged between the plurality of small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3 such that most of the first bracket 81 is accommodated between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. The first bracket 81 has a recess into which the light-emitting element 4 is embedded.

此外，在本實施形態中，發光元件支架8配置成收納在被外側面32包圍之區域中。即，發光元件支架8(包含第一支架81)未由外側面32露出，且形成收納在被外側面32包圍之區域中的形狀。In addition, in this embodiment, the light-emitting element holder 8 is arranged so as to be housed in the area surrounded by the outer surface 32. That is, the light-emitting element holder 8 (including the first holder 81) is not exposed from the outer surface 32, and has a shape that is housed in a region surrounded by the outer surface 32.

另外，發光元件支架8具有用以通過電性連接於發光元件4之引線的通線孔801。在本實施形態中，通過通線孔801之引線係引線端子402。通線孔801形成在第一支架81中。此時，如圖8B所示地，通線孔801形成在內側面31與外側面32之間且比內側面31接近外側面32的位置。換言之，如圖8A所示地，在平面圖中畫出將壁構造3在厚度方向上2等分之中心線C1時，通線孔801位在該中心線C1與外側面32之間。In addition, the light-emitting element holder 8 has a wire hole 801 for electrically connecting to the lead wire of the light-emitting element 4. In this embodiment, the lead wire passing through the via 801 is the lead terminal 402. The via hole 801 is formed in the first bracket 81. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8B, the via hole 801 is formed between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 and is closer to the outer surface 32 than the inner surface 31. In other words, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the center line C1 that divides the wall structure 3 into two in the thickness direction is drawn in a plan view, the via 801 is located between the center line C1 and the outer side surface 32.

此外，如圖7所示地，發光元件支架8更具有遮光片802。遮光片802由第一支架81中朝向感測空間Sp1側的面突出至感測空間Sp1內。在此，遮光片802由第一支架81中在壁構造3之周方向上遠離遮光壁74側的端部突出。遮光片802具有遮蔽由發光元件4輸出且在發光元件支架8之表面反射之光的機能。In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the light-emitting element holder 8 further has a light-shielding sheet 802. The light shielding sheet 802 protrudes into the sensing space Sp1 from the surface of the first bracket 81 facing the sensing space Sp1 side. Here, the light-shielding sheet 802 protrudes from the end portion of the first holder 81 on the side away from the light-shielding wall 74 in the circumferential direction of the wall structure 3. The light-shielding sheet 802 has a function of shielding the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8.

由感測殼體7之內面700(請參照圖1)突出至感測空間Sp1內之遮光構造70包含遮光片802。即，在本實施形態中，遮光片802與遮光肋75及遮光肋724一起構成遮光構造70之至少一部份。遮光構造70係在「(2.3) 遮光構造之結構」之欄中詳細地說明。The light shielding structure 70 protruding from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 (please refer to FIG. 1) into the sensing space Sp1 includes a light shielding sheet 802. That is, in this embodiment, the light-shielding sheet 802, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 constitute at least a part of the light-shielding structure 70. The light-shielding structure 70 is described in detail in the column of "(2.3) Structure of the light-shielding structure".

此外，如圖9所示地，發光元件支架8更具有定位面803。定位面803係與發光元件4之光軸Ax1交叉的面，且藉由從外側面32側接觸發光元件4，進行發光元件4之定位。即，定位面803接觸發光元件4之背面42，在壁構造3之厚度方向上進行發光元件4之定位。在本實施形態中，發光元件支架8如上所述地分割成第一支架81及第二支架82之2構件，因此定位面803亦通過該等第一支架81及第二支架82之2構件形成。In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the light-emitting element holder 8 further has a positioning surface 803. The positioning surface 803 is a surface intersecting the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4, and the light-emitting element 4 is positioned by contacting the light-emitting element 4 from the outer surface 32 side. That is, the positioning surface 803 contacts the back surface 42 of the light-emitting element 4, and the light-emitting element 4 is positioned in the thickness direction of the wall structure 3. In this embodiment, the light-emitting element holder 8 is divided into two members of the first holder 81 and the second holder 82 as described above, so the positioning surface 803 is also formed by the two members of the first holder 81 and the second holder 82 .

另外，在本實施形態中，定位面803具有彈性，即彈簧性。定位面803使由外側面32側壓向發光元件4之彈性力作用在發光元件4上。在本實施形態中，因為發光元件支架8由合成樹脂製成，所以藉由至少第二支架82具有作為樹脂彈簧之機能，可賦予定位面803上述彈性。In addition, in this embodiment, the positioning surface 803 has elasticity, that is, springiness. The positioning surface 803 makes the elastic force pressed against the light-emitting element 4 from the outer side surface 32 act on the light-emitting element 4. In this embodiment, since the light-emitting element holder 8 is made of synthetic resin, since at least the second holder 82 has a function as a resin spring, the above-mentioned elasticity can be imparted to the positioning surface 803.

受光元件支架9保持受光元件5。在此，如圖8A所示地，受光元件支架9之至少一部份配置在內側面31與外側面32之間。具體而言，受光元件支架9以其大部份收納在內側面31與外側面32之間的方式配置在構成壁構造3之多數小片30間。受光元件支架9具有受光元件5嵌入之凹部。The light-receiving element holder 9 holds the light-receiving element 5. Here, as shown in FIG. 8A, at least a part of the light receiving element holder 9 is arranged between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. Specifically, the light-receiving element holder 9 is arranged between the plurality of small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3 such that most of the light-receiving element holder 9 is accommodated between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. The light-receiving element holder 9 has a recess in which the light-receiving element 5 is inserted.

(2.3) 遮光構造之結構 接著，參照圖1、圖11A及圖11B說明遮光構造70之更詳細結構。在圖11A及圖11B中，用虛線箭號示意地顯示由發光元件4輸出之光之通路(光路)的一部份。 但是，以下說明之各圖係示意圖，且圖中各部位之長度或大小的比不一定反映實際之尺寸比。(2.3) Structure of shading structure Next, a more detailed structure of the light-shielding structure 70 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 11A, and 11B. In FIGS. 11A and 11B, a part of the path (light path) of the light output by the light-emitting element 4 is schematically shown with a dotted arrow. However, the drawings described below are schematic diagrams, and the ratio of length or size of each part in the drawings does not necessarily reflect the actual size ratio.

本實施形態之煙感測器1具有如上所述地由感測殼體7之內面700突出至感測空間Sp1內的遮光構造70。本揭示中所謂「感測殼體7之內面700」係成為感測殼體7之內側的面，且係朝向作為感測殼體7之內部空間之感測空間Sp1側的面。在本實施形態中，感測殼體7之內面700包含：壁構造3之內側面31、第一殼體71之內底面731(底板73之上面)及第二殼體72之內底面725(上板721之下面)。此外，感測殼體7之內面700亦包含發光元件支架8及受光元件支架9中朝向感測空間Sp1側之面。The smoke sensor 1 of the present embodiment has the light shielding structure 70 projecting from the inner surface 700 of the sensor housing 7 into the sensing space Sp1 as described above. In the present disclosure, the “inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 ”is a surface on the inner side of the sensing housing 7 and is a surface facing the sensing space Sp1 side as the internal space of the sensing housing 7. In this embodiment, the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 includes: the inner surface 31 of the wall structure 3, the inner bottom surface 731 of the first housing 71 (above the bottom plate 73), and the inner bottom surface 725 of the second housing 72 (Below the upper plate 721). In addition, the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 also includes the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8 and the light-receiving element holder 9 facing the sensing space Sp1.

本實施形態之煙感測器1如上所述地包含遮光片802、遮光肋75及遮光肋724作為遮光構造70。即，該等遮光片802、遮光肋75及遮光肋724都由感測殼體7之內面700突出至感測空間Sp1內。此外，遮光片802、遮光肋75及遮光肋724位在由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之通路Op1、Op2、Op3(請參照圖11A及圖11B)上。The smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment includes the light-shielding sheet 802, the light-shielding rib 75, and the light-shielding rib 724 as the light-shielding structure 70 as described above. That is, the light-shielding sheets 802, the light-shielding ribs 75, and the light-shielding ribs 724 all protrude from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 into the sensing space Sp1. In addition, the light-shielding sheet 802, the light-shielding ribs 75, and the light-shielding ribs 724 are located in the paths Op1, Op2, Op3 of the light output by the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then incident on the light-receiving element 5. (Please refer to Figure 11A and Figure 11B).

煙感測器1藉由設置如此之遮光構造70，可用遮光構造70遮蔽由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之至少一部份。即，在感測殼體7之內面700反射之光的反射方向難以控制成一樣且因污垢及異物侵入包圍感測空間Sp1之感測殼體7等而大幅變化。因此，在如此之感測殼體7之內面700的反射光射入受光元件5時，對受光元件5之受光量(輸出信號之大小)產生影響，進一步對煙感測器1之感測結果產生影響。簡言之，由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上的光成為所謂「雜散光」且成為使煙感測器1之感測精度下降的要素。本實施形態之煙感測器1藉由用遮光構造70遮蔽如上所述之雜散光的至少一部份，雖達成感測精度之提高仍能抑制雜散光之增加。The smoke sensor 1 is provided with such a light-shielding structure 70, and the light-shielding structure 70 can be used to shield at least one of the light output by the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then incident on the light-receiving element 5 Part. That is, it is difficult to control the reflection direction of the light reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 to be the same, and it changes greatly due to the intrusion of dirt and foreign matter into the sensing housing 7 surrounding the sensing space Sp1 and so on. Therefore, when the reflected light from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 enters the light receiving element 5, it affects the amount of light received by the light receiving element 5 (the size of the output signal), and further affects the sensing of the smoke sensor 1. The results have an impact. In short, the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once becomes the so-called “stray light” and becomes a factor that degrades the sensing accuracy of the smoke sensor 1. The smoke sensor 1 of this embodiment shields at least a part of the stray light as described above with the light-shielding structure 70, which can suppress the increase of stray light even though the sensing accuracy is improved.

更詳而言之，在本實施形態中，如圖1所示地，感測殼體7具有保持發光元件4之發光元件支架8。此外，遮光構造70包含由發光元件支架8突出之遮光片802。遮光片802由發光元件支架8中朝向感測空間Sp1側之面突出至感測空間Sp1內。在此，發光元件支架8中射出來自發光元件4之光的射出口804形成在發光元件支架8中朝向感測空間Sp1側之面中。此外，遮光片802位在發光元件支架8之射出口804的周圍。在此，遮光片802未設置在射出口804之全周上，而是在平面圖中只設置在射出口804之單側。具體而言，由射出口804來觀察，遮光片802配置在壁構造3之周方向上與遮光壁74相反側的位置上。簡言之，在平面圖中，相對發光元件4之光軸Ax1非對稱地形成遮光片802(請參照圖11A)。由於遮光片802為非對稱，形成可成為雜散光成分之光線容易被遮光片802遮蔽且因感測空間Sp1內之煙而散射後到達受光元件5之光線難以被遮光片802遮蔽的結構。因此，依據如此結構之遮光片802，雖達成感測精度之提高仍能抑制雜散光之增加。In more detail, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the sensing housing 7 has a light-emitting element holder 8 that holds the light-emitting element 4. In addition, the light-shielding structure 70 includes a light-shielding sheet 802 protruding from the light-emitting element holder 8. The light-shielding sheet 802 protrudes into the sensing space Sp1 from the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8 facing the sensing space Sp1. Here, the emission port 804 of the light-emitting element holder 8 that emits light from the light-emitting element 4 is formed in the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8 facing the sensing space Sp1 side. In addition, the light-shielding sheet 802 is located around the emission port 804 of the light-emitting element holder 8. Here, the light-shielding sheet 802 is not provided on the entire circumference of the ejection outlet 804, but is provided only on one side of the ejection outlet 804 in plan view. Specifically, as viewed from the emission port 804, the light-shielding sheet 802 is arranged at a position on the opposite side of the light-shielding wall 74 in the circumferential direction of the wall structure 3. In short, in a plan view, the light-shielding sheet 802 is formed asymmetrically with respect to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 (please refer to FIG. 11A). Since the light shielding sheet 802 is asymmetric, the light that can become stray light components is easily shielded by the light shielding sheet 802, and the light that reaches the light receiving element 5 after being scattered by the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 is difficult to be shielded by the light shielding sheet 802. Therefore, according to the light-shielding sheet 802 with such a structure, the increase of stray light can be suppressed even though the improvement of the sensing accuracy is achieved.

此外，遮光片802係與設置在第一殼體71中之第一支架81一體地形成，且在平面圖中，形成前端側變細之三角形。此外，遮光片802係通過在感測空間Sp1之上下方向的大致全寬形成。即，在感測空間Sp1中，遮光片802係通過在位於感測空間Sp1之上下方向兩側的一對內底面731、725間形成。In addition, the light-shielding sheet 802 is formed integrally with the first bracket 81 provided in the first housing 71, and in a plan view, forms a triangle with a tapered front end. In addition, the light-shielding sheet 802 is formed by substantially the full width in the upper and lower direction of the sensing space Sp1. That is, in the sensing space Sp1, the light-shielding sheet 802 is formed between a pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725 located on the upper and lower sides of the sensing space Sp1.

如圖11A所示地，以上說明之結構的遮光片802位於由發光元件4輸出並在發光元件支架8之表面反射且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之通路Op1上。即，由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之至少一部份被遮光構造70之遮光片802遮蔽。As shown in FIG. 11A, the light-shielding sheet 802 of the above-described structure is located on the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 for more than one time and then enters the light-receiving element. 5 on Op1, the path of light. That is, at least a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 after being incident on the light-receiving element 5 is shielded by the light-shielding sheet 802 of the light-shielding structure 70.

若沒有遮光片802，通過通路Op1之光在感測殼體7之內面700包含的壁構造3之內側面31反射，且有時會射入受光元件5中。在本實施形態之煙感測器1中，因為遮光片802位於如此之通路Op1上，所以通過通路Op1之光可被遮光片802遮蔽，因此可抑制「雜散光」之產生。但是，因為感測殼體7之內面700包含的壁構造3之內側面31不是具有實體之面，而是由多數小片30規定形狀之假想面， 所以嚴格來說，在內側面31之光反射係在多數小片30之表面上產生。Without the light-shielding sheet 802, the light passing through the passage Op1 is reflected on the inner surface 31 of the wall structure 3 included in the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7, and sometimes enters the light receiving element 5. In the smoke sensor 1 of the present embodiment, since the light shielding sheet 802 is located on such a passage Op1, the light passing through the passage Op1 can be shielded by the light shielding sheet 802, so that the generation of "stray light" can be suppressed. However, because the inner surface 31 of the wall structure 3 included in the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 is not a solid surface, but an imaginary surface whose shape is defined by a plurality of small pieces 30, strictly speaking, the light of the inner surface 31 The reflection is generated on the surface of most small pieces 30.

在此，在本實施形態中，發光元件4之半值角q1係25度以上。本揭示中所謂「半值角」係令光軸Ax1上之亮度為100%，注意緩緩地離開光軸Ax1時之亮度減少比率，在亮度成為50%時之角度(q1)。如此，使用半值角q1為25度以上之比較廣角的元件作為發光元件4時，在發光元件支架8之表面的反射容易產生，通過通路Op1之光束大。因此，如本實施形態地設置遮光片802作為遮光構造70之結構特別有用。Here, in this embodiment, the half-value angle q1 of the light-emitting element 4 is 25 degrees or more. The so-called "half value angle" in the present disclosure is to make the brightness on the optical axis Ax1 100%. Pay attention to the brightness reduction rate when the optical axis Ax1 is slowly moved away, and the angle (q1) when the brightness becomes 50%. In this way, when a relatively wide-angle element with a half-value angle q1 of 25 degrees or more is used as the light-emitting element 4, reflection on the surface of the light-emitting element holder 8 is likely to occur, and the light beam passing through the passage Op1 is large. Therefore, it is particularly useful to provide the light-shielding sheet 802 as the light-shielding structure 70 as in this embodiment.

此外，在平面圖中，在相對發光元件4之光軸Ax1與上述通路Op1對稱的位置亦產生光之通路。但是，因為如此之通路上的光由射出口804向遮光壁74(請參照圖7)輸出，所以被遮光壁74遮蔽，難以形成雜散光。因此，在平面圖中，即使是只在射出口804之單側設置遮光片802的結構，亦可藉由遮光片802充分地抑制「雜散光」產生。In addition, in a plan view, a path of light is also generated at a position symmetrical to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the path Op1 described above. However, because the light in such a passage is output from the exit 804 to the light shielding wall 74 (please refer to FIG. 7), it is shielded by the light shielding wall 74, and it is difficult to form stray light. Therefore, in a plan view, even if the light-shielding sheet 802 is provided only on one side of the emission port 804, the light-shielding sheet 802 can sufficiently suppress the generation of "stray light".

此外，如圖1所示地，感測殼體7具有在上下方向(一方向)上彼此對向之一對內底面731、725作為遮光構造內面700之一部份。遮光構造70包含由一對內底面731、725之至少一內底面突出的遮光肋75、724。在本實施形態中，遮光肋75、724分別地由一對內底面731、725突出。即，遮光構造70包含：由第一殼體71之內底面731朝上方突出的(第一)遮光肋75；及由第二殼體72之內底面725朝下方突出的(第二)遮光肋724。In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the sensing housing 7 has a pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725 facing each other in the up-down direction (one direction) as a part of the light-shielding structure inner surface 700. The light-shielding structure 70 includes light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 protruding from at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725. In this embodiment, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 protrude from a pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725, respectively. That is, the light shielding structure 70 includes: a (first) light shielding rib 75 protruding upward from the inner bottom surface 731 of the first housing 71; and a (second) light shielding rib protruding downward from the inner bottom surface 725 of the second housing 72 724.

在此，遮光肋75及遮光肋724形成為使前端面互相面對面。此外，兩遮光肋75、274之間確保一定之間隙。如圖11B所示地，發光元件4之光軸Ax1通過遮光肋75與遮光肋724間之間隙。因此，藉由遮光肋75及遮光肋724，可抑制由發光元件4輸出之光朝上下方向擴散。Here, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 are formed so that their front end faces face each other. In addition, a certain gap is ensured between the two light-shielding ribs 75 and 274. As shown in FIG. 11B, the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 passes through the gap between the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724. Therefore, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 can suppress the light output from the light emitting element 4 from spreading in the vertical direction.

換言之，遮光肋75、724位於由發光元件4輸出且射入一對內底面731、725中之至少一內表面的光之通路Op2、Op3上。在本實施形態中，配置在發光元件4之光軸Ax1下方的遮光肋75位於由發光元件4輸出且射入內底面731之光的通路Op2上。配置在發光元件4之光軸Ax1上方的遮光肋724位於由發光元件4輸出且射入內底面725之光的通路Op3上。In other words, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 are located on the passages Op2 and Op3 of light output from the light-emitting element 4 and incident on at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725. In this embodiment, the light-shielding rib 75 arranged below the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 is located on the passage Op2 of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and incident on the inner bottom surface 731. The light-shielding rib 724 arranged above the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 is located on the passage Op3 of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and incident on the inner bottom surface 725.

此外，遮光肋75、724在平面圖中配置在與發光元件4之光軸Ax1重疊的位置(請參照圖11A)。具體而言，遮光肋75及遮光肋724在平面圖中都配置在發光元件4之正面。在圖11A中，雖然只圖示遮光肋75，但遮光肋724之平面圖中的位置及形狀亦與遮光肋75相同。In addition, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 are arranged at positions overlapping the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 in a plan view (please refer to FIG. 11A). Specifically, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 are both arranged on the front surface of the light-emitting element 4 in plan view. In FIG. 11A, although only the light-shielding rib 75 is shown, the position and shape of the light-shielding rib 724 in a plan view are also the same as the light-shielding rib 75.

此外，遮光肋75、724呈朝與發光元件4之光軸Ax1交叉的方向延伸的形狀。具體而言，遮光肋75及遮光肋724都形成與發光元件4之光軸Ax1直交之平板狀。 因此，由發光元件4輸出之光中射入遮光肋75及遮光肋724的光容易藉由遮光肋75或遮光肋724沿著發光元件4之光軸Ax1反射至發光元件4側。因此，射入遮光肋75及遮光肋724之光難以在感測空間Sp1內產生擴散。In addition, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 have a shape extending in a direction crossing the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4. Specifically, the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 are formed in a flat plate shape orthogonal to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4. Therefore, out of the light output from the light-emitting element 4, the light that enters the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 is easily reflected to the light-emitting element 4 side along the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 by the light-shielding rib 75 or the light-shielding rib 724. Therefore, the light incident on the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 is difficult to diffuse in the sensing space Sp1.

在此，如圖11A所示地，在平面圖中，遮光肋75、724由發光元件4之光軸Ax1向遮光壁74側的突出量L1比遮光肋75、724由發光元件4之光軸Ax1向與遮光壁74相反側的突出量L2小(L1＜L2)。具體而言，由發光元件4之光軸Ax1來觀察，遮光肋75、724配置在壁構造3之周方向上偏向與遮光壁74相反側的位置。簡言之，在平面圖中，相對發光元件4之光軸Ax1非對稱地形成遮光肋75、724。Here, as shown in FIG. 11A, in a plan view, the projection amount L1 of the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 toward the light-shielding wall 74 is greater than that of the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4. The amount of protrusion L2 to the side opposite to the light shielding wall 74 is small (L1<L2). Specifically, when viewed from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 are arranged at a position deviated from the light-shielding wall 74 in the circumferential direction of the wall structure 3. In short, in a plan view, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 are formed asymmetrically with respect to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4.

如圖11B所示地，以上說明之結構的遮光肋75、724位在由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之通路Op2、Op3上。即，由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之至少一部份被遮光構造70之遮光肋75、724遮蔽。As shown in FIG. 11B, the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 of the above-described structure are located in the path Op2 of light output by the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then incident on the light-receiving element 5 , Op3. That is, at least a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 after being incident on the light-receiving element 5 is shielded by the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 of the light-shielding structure 70.

若沒有遮光肋75、724，通過通路Op2、Op3之光在感測殼體7之內面700包含的一對內底面731、725反射，且有時會射入受光元件5中。在本實施形態之煙感測器1中，因為遮光肋75位於如此之通路Op2上，所以通過通路Op2之光可被遮光肋75遮蔽，因此可抑制「雜散光」產生。通路Op3亦同樣地因為遮光肋724位於通路Op3上，所以通過通路Op3之光可被遮光肋724遮蔽，因此可抑制「雜散光」產生。Without the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724, the light passing through the passages Op2 and Op3 is reflected on the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725 included in the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 and sometimes enters the light receiving element 5. In the smoke sensor 1 of the present embodiment, since the light shielding rib 75 is located on such a passage Op2, the light passing through the passage Op2 can be shielded by the light shielding rib 75, so that the generation of "stray light" can be suppressed. The passage Op3 is also similarly located on the passage Op3 by the light-shielding rib 724, so the light passing through the passage Op3 can be shielded by the light-shielding rib 724, so that the generation of "stray light" can be suppressed.

此外，在平面圖中，雖然亦由射出口804向遮光壁74(請參照圖7)輸出，但如此之光被遮光壁74遮蔽，因此難以形成雜散光。因此，如本實施形態地，在平面圖中，即使是由發光元件4之光軸Ax1來觀察遮光肋75、724設置在偏向與遮光壁74相反側之位置的結構，亦可藉由遮光肋75、724充分地抑制「雜散光」產生。In addition, in a plan view, although the emission port 804 is also output to the light-shielding wall 74 (please refer to FIG. 7), such light is shielded by the light-shielding wall 74, so it is difficult to form stray light. Therefore, as in this embodiment, in plan view, even if the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 are arranged at positions offset to the opposite side of the light-shielding wall 74 when viewed from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4, the light-shielding ribs 75 can also be used. 724 fully suppresses the generation of "stray light".

(3) 變形例 實施形態1之煙感測器1只不過是本揭示之各種實施形態中的一種。若實施形態1之煙感測器1可達成本揭示之目的，可依據設計等進行各種變更。以下，列舉實施形態1之變形例。以下說明之變形例可適當組合來使用。(3) Modifications The smoke sensor 1 of Embodiment 1 is only one of various embodiments of the present disclosure. If the smoke sensor 1 of the first embodiment can achieve the purpose of cost disclosure, various changes can be made according to the design. Hereinafter, a modification example of the first embodiment will be listed. The modified examples described below can be used in appropriate combinations.

在實施形態1中，雖然壁構造3由多數小片30之集合體形成，但不限於此結構，壁構造3可為朝周方向連續之一體「壁」。在此情形中，藉由壁構造3具有朝厚度方向貫穿壁構造3之多數煙通過孔33，可實現在厚度方向上使煙通過且抑制光透過的機能。In the first embodiment, although the wall structure 3 is formed by an assembly of a large number of small pieces 30, it is not limited to this structure, and the wall structure 3 may be a continuous "wall" in the circumferential direction. In this case, since the wall structure 3 has a large number of smoke passage holes 33 penetrating the wall structure 3 in the thickness direction, a function of allowing smoke to pass in the thickness direction and suppressing light transmission can be realized.

此外，在實施形態1中，雖然顯示感測塊10收容在框體2之內部空間中的結構，但不限於此結構，可為例如感測塊10之至少一部份由框體2突出的結構。另外，框體2不是煙感測器1中之必要結構，可適當地省略。In addition, in Embodiment 1, although the structure in which the sensing block 10 is housed in the internal space of the frame 2 is shown, it is not limited to this structure. For example, at least a part of the sensing block 10 protrudes from the frame 2. structure. In addition, the frame 2 is not a necessary structure in the smoke sensor 1, and can be omitted as appropriate.

此外，在實施形態1中，雖然說明感測殼體7及感測空間Sp1都在平面圖中呈圓形之情形，但不限於此結構，感測殼體7或感測空間Sp1亦可例如在平面圖中呈橢圓形或多角形等。在此情形中，壁構造3亦在平面圖中為橢圓形或多角形等。In addition, in the first embodiment, although the case in which the sensing housing 7 and the sensing space Sp1 are both circular in plan view, it is not limited to this structure. The sensing housing 7 or the sensing space Sp1 can also be, for example, It is oval or polygonal in plan view. In this case, the wall structure 3 is also oval or polygonal in plan view.

此外，在實施形態1中，雖然發光元件支架8之一部份配置成由壁構造3之內側面31露出至感測空間Sp1內，但不限於此結構，發光元件支架8之全體可收納在內側面31與外側面32之間。受光元件支架9亦可同樣地收納在內側面31與外側面32之間。In addition, in Embodiment 1, although a part of the light-emitting element holder 8 is arranged to be exposed from the inner surface 31 of the wall structure 3 into the sensing space Sp1, it is not limited to this structure, and the entire light-emitting element holder 8 can be accommodated in Between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32. The light-receiving element holder 9 can also be stored between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 in the same manner.

此外，在實施形態1中，雖然多數小片30以由底板73之內底面731突出的方式與底板73一體地形成，但不限於此結構，多數小片30可為與底板73分開之構件。例如，多數小片30可藉由黏著或嵌合等相對底板73固定。在此情形中，雖然多數小片30分散地存在，但在此情形中，多數小片30亦構成1個壁構造3。In addition, in the first embodiment, although most of the small pieces 30 are formed integrally with the bottom plate 73 so as to protrude from the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73, it is not limited to this structure, and the majority of the small pieces 30 may be separate members from the bottom plate 73. For example, most of the small pieces 30 can be fixed to the bottom plate 73 by adhesion or fitting. In this case, although a large number of small pieces 30 are scattered, in this case, a large number of small pieces 30 also constitute one wall structure 3.

此外，發光元件4不限於發光二極體，可為例如有機EL(電致發光，Electro-Luminescence)元件或雷射二極體(LD：Laser Diode)等。受光元件5不限於光二極體，可為例如光電晶體等。In addition, the light-emitting element 4 is not limited to a light-emitting diode, and may be, for example, an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) element or a laser diode (LD: Laser Diode). The light receiving element 5 is not limited to a photodiode, and may be, for example, a photoelectric crystal or the like.

此外，由底面43突出之引線或通過發光元件支架8之通線孔801的引線只要是電性連接於發光元件4之引線即可，不限於引線端子402，可為例如電性連接引線端子402之電線等。In addition, the lead protruding from the bottom surface 43 or the lead passing through the wire hole 801 of the light-emitting element holder 8 only needs to be electrically connected to the lead terminal of the light-emitting element 4, and is not limited to the lead terminal 402, and may be, for example, electrically connected to the lead terminal 402. The wires and so on.

此外，一對引線端子402不限於由底面43突出之結構，可由例如光射出面41或背面42等本體部401中之底面43以外的面突出。In addition, the pair of lead terminals 402 is not limited to the structure protruding from the bottom surface 43, and may protrude from surfaces other than the bottom surface 43 in the main body portion 401, such as the light emitting surface 41 or the back surface 42.

此外，遮光構造70可位於由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5之光的通路上，亦可位在內面700反射多數次後射入受光元件5之光的通路上。In addition, the light-shielding structure 70 can be located on the path of light that is output by the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then enters the light-receiving element 5, or it can be located after the inner surface 700 is reflected many times. In the path of the light incident on the light receiving element 5.

此外，遮光構造70不限於完全地遮蔽光之結構，可為使透過遮光構造70之光量降低的結構。In addition, the light-shielding structure 70 is not limited to a structure that completely shields light, and may be a structure that reduces the amount of light passing through the light-shielding structure 70.

此外，遮光構造70包含遮光片802及遮光肋75、724兩者不是煙感測器1中之必要結構，可例如省略遮光片802或遮光肋75、724。另外，遮光構造70包含遮光肋時，遮光構造70可具有由一對內底面731、725中之至少一內底面突出之遮光肋75、724，亦可只省略遮光肋75、724中之任一者。In addition, the light-shielding structure 70 including the light-shielding sheet 802 and the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 is not an essential structure in the smoke sensor 1, and the light-shielding sheet 802 or the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 can be omitted, for example. In addition, when the light-shielding structure 70 includes light-shielding ribs, the light-shielding structure 70 may have light-shielding ribs 75, 724 protruding from at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731, 725, or only one of the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 may be omitted. By.

此外，遮光肋75、724之各遮光肋形狀不限於與發光元件4之光軸Ax1直交的平板狀，可為例如彎曲之板狀或多角柱狀。另外，遮光肋75與遮光肋724在平面圖中之位置及形狀可不同。In addition, the shape of each of the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 is not limited to the shape of a flat plate perpendicular to the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4, and may be, for example, a curved plate or a polygonal column shape. In addition, the positions and shapes of the light-shielding rib 75 and the light-shielding rib 724 in plan view may be different.

(實施形態2) 如圖12所示地，本實施形態之煙感測器1A的壁構造3形狀等與實施形態1之煙感測器1不同。以下，與實施形態1同樣之結構賦予共通之符號並適當地省略說明。(Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG. 12, the shape of the wall structure 3 of the smoke sensor 1A of this embodiment is different from the smoke sensor 1 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

如圖12所示地，煙感測器1A在平面圖中在第一殼體71之底板73的內底面731外周緣與壁構造3之外側面32間幾乎未產生空間。此外，在本實施形態中，省略輔助遮光壁76(請參照圖7)。另外，構成壁構造3之多數小片30的各小片形狀亦與實施形態1之煙感測器1不同。圖12係移除第二殼體72之狀態，即省略第二殼體72之感測塊10的平面圖。此外，在圖12中用假想線(2點虛線)表示內側面31及外側面32，且在相當於壁構造3之區域加上半色調網點(點陰影)。As shown in FIG. 12, in a plan view of the smoke sensor 1A, almost no space is generated between the outer periphery of the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73 of the first housing 71 and the outer side surface 32 of the wall structure 3. In addition, in this embodiment, the auxiliary light shielding wall 76 is omitted (please refer to FIG. 7). In addition, the shape of each small piece of the plurality of small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3 is also different from the smoke sensor 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the state where the second housing 72 is removed, that is, the sensing block 10 of the second housing 72 is omitted. In addition, in FIG. 12, the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 are represented by imaginary lines (two dotted lines), and halftone dots (dot shading) are added to the area corresponding to the wall structure 3.

此外，在煙感測器1A中，發光元件4之外觀形狀亦與實施形態1之煙感測器1不同。但是，在本實施形態中，發光元件4係在使引線端子402突出之面(底面43)朝向下方時，朝側方輸出光之所謂側視型的發光二極體。該發光元件4係使光射出面41朝向內側面31側地配置在壁構造3之內側面31與外側面32之間。In addition, in the smoke sensor 1A, the appearance shape of the light-emitting element 4 is also different from the smoke sensor 1 of the first embodiment. However, in this embodiment, the light-emitting element 4 is a so-called side-view type light-emitting diode that outputs light to the side when the surface (bottom surface 43) from which the lead terminal 402 protrudes faces downward. The light emitting element 4 is arranged between the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 of the wall structure 3 with the light exit surface 41 facing the inner surface 31 side.

此外，圖13顯示實施形態2之變形例的煙感測器1B。圖13所示之煙感測器1B的壁構造3設置在第二殼體72中而非第一殼體71中。圖13係移除第二殼體72之狀態，即省略第二殼體72之感測塊10的平面圖。因此，在圖13中用假想線(2點虛線)表示壁構造3。此外，在圖13中用假想線(2點虛線)表示內側面31及外側面32，且在相當於壁構造3之區域加上半色調網點(點陰影)。另外，在圖13之例中，遮光壁74亦與壁構造3一起設置在第二殼體72中。在如此之結構的煙感測器1B中， 在第一殼體71與第二殼體72互相結合之狀態下，與煙感測器1A同樣地在平面圖中以包圍感測空間Sp1之方式配置壁構造3。In addition, FIG. 13 shows a smoke sensor 1B according to a modification of the second embodiment. The wall structure 3 of the smoke sensor 1B shown in FIG. 13 is provided in the second housing 72 instead of the first housing 71. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the state where the second housing 72 is removed, that is, the sensing block 10 of the second housing 72 is omitted. Therefore, in FIG. 13, the wall structure 3 is indicated by a virtual line (two-dot dashed line). In addition, in FIG. 13, the inner surface 31 and the outer surface 32 are represented by imaginary lines (two dotted dotted lines), and halftone dots (dot shading) are added to the area corresponding to the wall structure 3. In addition, in the example of FIG. 13, the light shielding wall 74 is also provided in the second housing 72 together with the wall structure 3. In the smoke sensor 1B with such a structure, in a state where the first housing 71 and the second housing 72 are coupled to each other, they are arranged in a plan view to enclose the sensing space Sp1 like the smoke sensor 1A Wall structure 3.

實施形態2之結構(包含變形例)可與在實施形態1中說明之結構(包含變形例)適當組合來使用。The structure (including the modification example) of the second embodiment can be used in appropriate combination with the structure (including the modification example) described in the first embodiment.

(實施形態3) 如圖14A及圖14B所示地，本實施形態之煙感測器1C的構成壁構造3之多數小片30的各小片形狀與實施形態2之煙感測器1A不同。在圖14A及圖14B中，用虛線示意地顯示由發光元件4輸出之光線的一部份。圖14B係圖14A之區域Z1的放大圖。以下，與實施形態2同樣之結構賦予共通之符號並適當地省略說明。(Embodiment 3) As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the shape of each of the small pieces 30 constituting the wall structure 3 of the smoke sensor 1C of the present embodiment is different from that of the smoke sensor 1A of the second embodiment. In FIGS. 14A and 14B, a part of the light output by the light-emitting element 4 is schematically shown by a broken line. Fig. 14B is an enlarged view of area Z1 in Fig. 14A. Hereinafter, the same configuration as that of the second embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

如圖14A所示地，在本實施形態中，多數小片30之至少一部份在朝向感測空間Sp1側之面，即來自發光元件4之直射光射入的面包含凹曲面303。在此，多數小片30中，只有在來自發光元件4之直射光射入的位置的小片30，即位於發光元件4之大致正面的小片30具有凹曲面303。凹曲面303在平面圖中彎曲成例如拋物線之一部份或橢圓之一部份。As shown in FIG. 14A, in this embodiment, at least a part of the plurality of small chips 30 on the surface facing the sensing space Sp1, that is, the surface on which the direct light from the light emitting element 4 enters, includes a concave curved surface 303. Here, among the many small pieces 30, only the small piece 30 at a position where the direct light from the light-emitting element 4 enters, that is, the small piece 30 located substantially on the front surface of the light-emitting element 4 has a concave curved surface 303. The concave curved surface 303 is curved into, for example, a part of a parabola or a part of an ellipse in a plan view.

此外，圖15A及圖15B係用虛線示意地表示在實施形態2之煙感測器1A中由發光元件4輸出之光線的一部份的平面圖。由圖15A及圖15B可知，小片30沒有凹曲面303時，由發光元件4輸出之光的一部份射入任一小片30時，該光被小片30反射。如圖15B所示地，被任一小片30反射之光朝向與該小片30相鄰之小片30反射。此時，小片30使相對小片30形成大致平行光而射入之光仍以大致平行光反射。結果，如在圖15A及圖15B中用通路Op4所示地，一部份之光被多數小片30多重反射並射入受光元件5，形成所謂「雜散光」而成為使煙感測器1A之感測精度降低的要素。In addition, FIGS. 15A and 15B are plan views schematically showing a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 in the smoke sensor 1A of the second embodiment with broken lines. It can be seen from FIGS. 15A and 15B that when the small piece 30 has no concave curved surface 303, when a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 is incident on any small piece 30, the light is reflected by the small piece 30. As shown in FIG. 15B, the light reflected by any small piece 30 is reflected toward the small piece 30 adjacent to the small piece 30. At this time, the small piece 30 forms substantially parallel light relative to the small piece 30, and the incident light is still reflected as substantially parallel light. As a result, as shown by the passage Op4 in FIGS. 15A and 15B, a part of the light is reflected by the plurality of small pieces 30 and enters the light-receiving element 5, forming the so-called "stray light", which becomes the smoke sensor 1A. Elements of reduced sensing accuracy.

相對於此，依據本實施形態之煙感測器1C，由發光元件4輸出之光線的一部份射入任一小片30時，該光被小片30之凹曲面303反射。如圖14B所示地，被任一小片30之凹曲面303反射之光向與該小片30相鄰之小片30反射。此時，凹曲面303產生作用，使相對凹曲面303形成大致平行光射入之光聚光。結果，可使射入小片30的來自發光元件4之光圍阻在相鄰之一對小片30間，因此相較於圖15A及圖15B之例，可減少射入受光元件5之「雜散光」。因此，本實施形態之煙感測器1C雖達成感測精度之提高仍能抑制雜散光之增加。In contrast, according to the smoke sensor 1C of this embodiment, when a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 enters any small piece 30, the light is reflected by the concave curved surface 303 of the small piece 30. As shown in FIG. 14B, the light reflected by the concave curved surface 303 of any small piece 30 is reflected toward the small piece 30 adjacent to the small piece 30. At this time, the concave curved surface 303 acts to condense the light incident on the concave curved surface 303 to form a substantially parallel light. As a result, the light from the light emitting element 4 that enters the small piece 30 can be enclosed between a pair of adjacent small pieces 30. Therefore, compared with the example of FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, the "stray light entering the light receiving element 5" can be reduced. ". Therefore, the smoke sensor 1C of the present embodiment can suppress the increase of stray light even though the detection accuracy is improved.

作為實施形態3之變形例，多數小片30之至少一部份在凹曲面303之背面，即朝向與凹曲面303相反側之面具有凹曲面303以外之另一(第二)凹曲面。在該結構中，被凹曲面303反射之反射光進一步藉由第二凹曲面聚光，使射入小片30的來自發光元件4之光容易被圍阻在相鄰之一對小片30間。因此，可進一步減少射入受光元件5之「雜散光」，藉此雖達成感測精度之提高仍能抑制雜散光之增加。As a modification of the third embodiment, at least a part of the plurality of small pieces 30 has another (second) concave curved surface other than the concave curved surface 303 on the back surface of the concave curved surface 303, that is, the surface facing the opposite side of the concave curved surface 303. In this structure, the reflected light reflected by the concave curved surface 303 is further condensed by the second concave curved surface, so that the light from the light emitting element 4 that enters the small chip 30 is easily enclosed between a pair of adjacent small chips 30. Therefore, the "stray light" incident on the light receiving element 5 can be further reduced, thereby suppressing the increase of stray light even though the sensing accuracy is improved.

實施形態3之結構(包含變形例)可與在實施形態1及2中說明之結構(包含變形例)適當組合來使用。The structure (including the modification example) of the third embodiment can be used in appropriate combination with the structure (including the modification example) described in the first and second embodiments.

(實施形態4) 如圖16所示地，本實施形態之煙感測器1D的遮光壁74具有多數小壁741、742，在這方面與實施形態1之煙感測器1不同。在圖16中，在發光元件4之光的照射區域A1及受光元件5之光的受光區域A2加上半色調網點(點陰影)。照射區域A1與受光區域A2重複之區域在感測空間Sp1內成為特別有助於煙之感測的感測區域A3。此外，在圖16中用假想線(2點虛線)表示實施形態1中之單一遮光壁74。以下，與實施形態1同樣之結構賦予共通之符號並適當地省略說明。(Embodiment 4) As shown in FIG. 16, the light-shielding wall 74 of the smoke sensor 1D of the present embodiment has many small walls 741 and 742, which is different from the smoke sensor 1 of the first embodiment in this respect. In FIG. 16, halftone dots (dot shading) are added to the light-irradiated area A1 of the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving area A2 of the light-receiving element 5. The area where the irradiated area A1 and the light-receiving area A2 overlap becomes a sensing area A3 in the sensing space Sp1 that is particularly helpful for smoke sensing. In addition, in FIG. 16, the single light-shielding wall 74 in the first embodiment is represented by a virtual line (two-dot dashed line). Hereinafter, the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted as appropriate.

在本實施形態中，遮光壁74具有(第一)小壁741及(第二)小壁742之2個小壁741、742。即，在平面圖中，構成遮光壁74之多數小壁741、742配置在連接發光元件4與受光元件5之直線上。該等多數小壁741、742具有遮蔽由發光元件4到受光元件5之直射光的機能。In this embodiment, the light shielding wall 74 has two small walls 741 and 742 of the (first) small wall 741 and the (second) small wall 742. That is, in a plan view, a large number of small walls 741 and 742 constituting the light-shielding wall 74 are arranged on a straight line connecting the light-emitting element 4 and the light-receiving element 5. The plurality of small walls 741 and 742 have the function of shielding the direct light from the light-emitting element 4 to the light-receiving element 5.

具體而言，在平面圖中，相較於實施形態1中之單一遮光壁74，小壁742配置在接近發光元件4之位置。藉此，小壁742主要具有遮蔽由發光元件4輸出之光的一部份，使照射區域A1窄縮的機能。另一方面，在平面圖中，相較於實施形態1中之單一遮光壁74，小壁741配置在接近受光元件5之位置。藉此，小壁741主要具有遮蔽射入受光元件5之光的一部份，使受光區域A2窄縮的機能。Specifically, in plan view, compared to the single light-shielding wall 74 in the first embodiment, the small wall 742 is arranged at a position close to the light-emitting element 4. Thereby, the small wall 742 mainly has the function of shielding a part of the light output by the light-emitting element 4 and narrowing the irradiated area A1. On the other hand, in plan view, compared to the single light-shielding wall 74 in the first embodiment, the small wall 741 is arranged at a position close to the light-receiving element 5. Thereby, the small wall 741 mainly has the function of shielding a part of the light incident on the light receiving element 5 and narrowing the light receiving area A2.

依據本實施形態之煙感測器1D，可確保在平面圖中，發光元件4之光軸Ax1與受光元件5之光軸Ax2交叉的感測空間Sp1之中心點P1到遮光壁74(小壁741、742)的距離比較大。即，相較於實施形態1中之單一遮光壁74，多數小壁741、742可分別配置在遠離中心點P1之位置。因此，感測空間Sp1內之遮光壁74的配置自由度高。According to the smoke sensor 1D of this embodiment, it can be ensured that the center point P1 of the sensing space Sp1 where the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 intersects the optical axis Ax2 of the light-receiving element 5 to the light-shielding wall 74 (small wall 741 , 742) is relatively large. That is, compared to the single light-shielding wall 74 in the first embodiment, most of the small walls 741 and 742 can be respectively arranged at positions away from the center point P1. Therefore, the freedom of disposition of the light shielding wall 74 in the sensing space Sp1 is high.

作為實施形態4之變形例，遮光壁74可具有3個以上之小壁。As a modification of the fourth embodiment, the light-shielding wall 74 may have three or more small walls.

實施形態4之結構(包含變形例)可與在實施形態1至3中說明之結構(包含變形例)適當組合來使用。The structure (including the modification example) of the fourth embodiment can be used in appropriate combination with the structure (including the modification example) described in the first to third embodiments.

(總結) 如以上說明地，第一態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D具有：感測殼體7、發光元件4、受光元件5及遮光構造70。感測殼體7包圍感測空間Sp1。發光元件4向感測空間Sp1輸出光。受光元件5配置在來自發光元件4之直射光不射入且因感測空間Sp1內之煙產生之散射光射入的位置。遮光構造70由感測殼體7之內面700突出至感測空間Sp1內。感測殼體7包含使煙通過且抑制光透過之壁構造3。遮光構造70位在由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5的光之通路Op1、Op2、Op3上。(to sum up) As explained above, the smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the first aspect have: a sensing housing 7, a light-emitting element 4, a light-receiving element 5, and a light-shielding structure 70. The sensing housing 7 surrounds the sensing space Sp1. The light emitting element 4 outputs light to the sensing space Sp1. The light-receiving element 5 is arranged at a position where the direct light from the light-emitting element 4 does not enter and the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space Sp1 enters. The light shielding structure 70 protrudes from the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 into the sensing space Sp1. The sensing housing 7 includes a wall structure 3 that allows smoke to pass through and prevents light from passing through. The light-shielding structure 70 is located on the paths Op1, Op2, Op3 of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 more than once and then incident on the light-receiving element 5.

依據該態樣，由發光元件4輸出且在感測殼體7之內面700反射1次以上後射入受光元件5之光的至少一部份被遮光構造70遮蔽。因此，相較於沒有遮光構造70之結構，由發光元件4輸出之光在感測殼體7之內面700反射後射入受光元件5的可能性降低。因此，例如，即使發生污垢及異物侵入感測殼體7等時，在感測殼體7之內面700，由發光元件4輸出之光的一部份向受光元件5反射的可能性亦降低。結果，在感測殼體7之內面700的反射光難以射入受光元件5，因此雖提高煙感測器1、1A至1D之感測精度仍能抑制雜散光之增加。According to this aspect, at least a part of the light output from the light-emitting element 4 and reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 and then incident on the light-receiving element 5 is shielded by the light-shielding structure 70. Therefore, compared with the structure without the light-shielding structure 70, the light output from the light-emitting element 4 is less likely to enter the light-receiving element 5 after being reflected on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7. Therefore, for example, even if dirt or foreign matter invades the sensing housing 7, the possibility that part of the light output by the light emitting element 4 is reflected to the light receiving element 5 on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 is reduced. . As a result, the reflected light on the inner surface 700 of the sensing housing 7 is difficult to enter the light receiving element 5. Therefore, although the sensing accuracy of the smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D is improved, the increase of stray light can be suppressed.

第二態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第一態樣中，感測殼體7具有保持發光元件4之發光元件支架8。遮光構造70包含由發光元件支架8突出之遮光片802。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the second aspect are in the first aspect, and the sensing housing 7 has a light-emitting element holder 8 for holding the light-emitting element 4. The light-shielding structure 70 includes a light-shielding sheet 802 protruding from the light-emitting element holder 8.

依據該態樣，可將遮光構造70之至少一部份的遮光片802配置在發光元件4之附近，因此可使遮光構造70小型化。According to this aspect, at least a part of the light-shielding sheet 802 of the light-shielding structure 70 can be arranged near the light-emitting element 4, so that the light-shielding structure 70 can be miniaturized.

第三態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第二態樣中，遮光片802位於發光元件支架8中射出來自發光元件4之光的射出口804周圍。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the third aspect are in the second aspect, and the light-shielding sheet 802 is located around the exit 804 in the light-emitting element holder 8 where the light from the light-emitting element 4 is emitted.

依據該態樣，可將遮光構造70之至少一部份的遮光片802配置成更接近發光元件4，因此可使遮光構造70更小型化。According to this aspect, at least a part of the light-shielding sheet 802 of the light-shielding structure 70 can be arranged closer to the light-emitting element 4, so that the light-shielding structure 70 can be more compact.

第四態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第一至三態樣中任一態樣中，發光元件4之半值角q1係25度以上。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the fourth aspect are in any of the first to third aspects, and the half-value angle q1 of the light-emitting element 4 is 25 degrees or more.

依據該態樣，因為發光元件4係比較廣角之元件，所以可用發光元件4涵蓋感測空間Sp1之比較廣範圍，因此可提高煙感測器1、1A至1D之感測精度。According to this aspect, because the light-emitting element 4 is a relatively wide-angle element, the light-emitting element 4 can cover a relatively wide range of the sensing space Sp1, and therefore the sensing accuracy of the smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D can be improved.

第五態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第一至四態樣中任一態樣中，由與一平面底板73之內底面731直交之一方向來觀察，壁構造3包圍感測空間Sp1。感測殼體7具有在一方向上彼此對向之一對內底面731、725。遮光構造70包含由一對內底面731、725中之至少一內底面突出的遮光肋75、724。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the fifth aspect are in any of the first to fourth aspects, viewed from a direction orthogonal to the inner bottom surface 731 of a flat bottom plate 73, surrounded by a wall structure 3 Sensing space Sp1. The sensing housing 7 has a pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725 facing each other in a direction. The light-shielding structure 70 includes light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 protruding from at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725.

依據該態樣，可抑制由發光元件4輸出之光朝與一平面(底板73之內底面731)直交之一方向的擴散。According to this aspect, the light output from the light emitting element 4 can be suppressed from spreading in a direction perpendicular to a plane (the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73).

第六態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第五態樣中，遮光肋75、724位於由發光元件4輸出且射入一對內底面731、725中之至少一內表面的光之通路Op2、Op3上。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the sixth aspect are in the fifth aspect, and the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 are located on the inner surface of at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces 731, 725 that are output by the light-emitting element 4 On Op2 and Op3, the path of light.

依據該態樣，可抑制因由發光元件4輸出且被一對內底面731、725中之至少一內表面反射的光而造成煙感測器1、1A至1D之感測精度下降。According to this aspect, the detection accuracy of the smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D can be suppressed from being reduced by the light output from the light emitting element 4 and reflected by at least one of the inner bottom surfaces 731 and 725.

第七態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第五或六態樣中，由與一平面底板73之內底面731直交之一方向來觀察，遮光肋75、724配置在與發光元件4之光軸Ax1重疊的位置。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the seventh aspect are in the fifth or sixth aspect. They are viewed from a direction orthogonal to the inner bottom surface 731 of a flat bottom plate 73. The light-shielding ribs 75, 724 are arranged in contact with the light-emitting The position where the optical axis Ax1 of element 4 overlaps.

依據該態樣，藉由遮光肋75、724容易遮蔽來自發光元件4之光。According to this aspect, the light from the light emitting element 4 can be easily shielded by the light shielding ribs 75 and 724.

第八態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第七態樣中，遮光肋75、724呈朝與發光元件4之光軸Ax1交叉的方向延伸的形狀。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the eighth aspect are in the seventh aspect, and the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 have a shape extending in a direction crossing the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4.

依據該態樣，由發光元件4輸出之光中射入遮光肋75、724的光藉由遮光肋75、724，容易沿發光元件4之光軸Ax1反射至發光元件4側。因此，射入遮光肋75、724之光難以在感測空間Sp1內產生擴散。According to this aspect, the light output from the light-emitting element 4 that enters the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 is easily reflected to the side of the light-emitting element 4 along the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 by the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724. Therefore, it is difficult for the light entering the light shielding ribs 75 and 724 to diffuse in the sensing space Sp1.

第九態樣之煙感測器1、1A至1D係在第八態樣中，更具有由與一平面(底板73之內底面731)直交之一方向來觀察，配置在連接發光元件4與受光元件5之直線上的遮光壁74。由與一平面直交之一方向來觀察，遮光肋75、724由發光元件4之光軸Ax1向遮光壁74側的突出量L1比遮光肋75、724由發光元件4之光軸Ax1向與遮光壁74相反側的突出量L2小。The smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D of the ninth aspect are in the eighth aspect, and have a view from a direction perpendicular to a plane (the inner bottom surface 731 of the bottom plate 73), and are arranged to connect the light-emitting element 4 and The light-shielding wall 74 on the straight line of the light receiving element 5. Viewed from a direction orthogonal to a plane, the projection amount L1 of the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4 to the side of the light-shielding wall 74 is greater than that of the light-shielding ribs 75, 724 from the optical axis Ax1 of the light-emitting element 4. The amount of protrusion L2 on the opposite side of the wall 74 is small.

依據該態樣，可確保遮光肋75、724與遮光壁74之間隙比較寬，因此遮光壁74之配置自由度高。According to this aspect, the gap between the light-shielding ribs 75 and 724 and the light-shielding wall 74 can be ensured to be relatively wide, and therefore the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the light-shielding wall 74 is high.

第二至九之態樣不是煙感測器1、1A至1D中之必要結構，可適當地省略。The second to ninth aspects are not necessary structures in the smoke sensors 1, 1A to 1D, and can be omitted as appropriate.

1、1A~1D‧‧‧煙感測器 2‧‧‧框體 3‧‧‧壁構造 4‧‧‧發光元件 5‧‧‧受光元件 7‧‧‧感測殼體 8‧‧‧發光元件支架 9‧‧‧受光元件支架 10‧‧‧感測塊 20‧‧‧電路塊 21‧‧‧第一蓋 22‧‧‧第二蓋 23‧‧‧開口部 30‧‧‧小片 31‧‧‧內側面 32‧‧‧外側面 33‧‧‧煙通過孔 41‧‧‧光射出面 42‧‧‧背面 43‧‧‧底面 61‧‧‧聲音輸出部 62‧‧‧電池 63‧‧‧螺絲 70‧‧‧遮光構造 71‧‧‧第一殼體 72‧‧‧第二殼體 73‧‧‧底板 74‧‧‧遮光壁 75‧‧‧(第一)遮光肋 76‧‧‧輔助遮光壁 81‧‧‧第一支架 82‧‧‧第二支架 201‧‧‧印刷配線板 202‧‧‧電子零件 211‧‧‧第一主板 212‧‧‧第一周壁 213‧‧‧電路區域 214‧‧‧第一音響區域 215‧‧‧按鈕 216‧‧‧溝 217‧‧‧音孔 221‧‧‧第二主板 222‧‧‧第二周壁 223‧‧‧收容區域 224‧‧‧第二音響區域 225‧‧‧電池區域 226‧‧‧分隔件 301、302‧‧‧端緣 303‧‧‧凹曲面 401、501‧‧‧本體部 402、502‧‧‧引線端子 403‧‧‧發光部 404‧‧‧引線部 411‧‧‧平坦部 412‧‧‧凸部 503‧‧‧金屬蓋 700‧‧‧內面 711、712‧‧‧爪 721‧‧‧上板 722‧‧‧周壁 723‧‧‧窗孔 724‧‧‧(第二)遮光肋 725‧‧‧(第二)內底面 731‧‧‧(第一)內底面 741、742‧‧‧小壁 801‧‧‧通線孔 802‧‧‧遮光片 803‧‧‧定位面 804‧‧‧射出口 Ax1、Ax2‧‧‧光軸 A1‧‧‧照射區域 A2‧‧‧受光區域 A3‧‧‧感測區域 C1‧‧‧中心線 L1、L2‧‧‧突出量 Op1、Op2、Op3、Op4‧‧‧通路 P1‧‧‧中心點 Sp1‧‧‧感測空間 Z1‧‧‧區域 q1‧‧‧半值角1. 1A~1D‧‧‧Smoke sensor 2‧‧‧Frame 3‧‧‧Wall structure 4‧‧‧Light-emitting element 5‧‧‧Light receiving element 7‧‧‧Sensing shell 8‧‧‧Light-emitting component bracket 9‧‧‧Light-receiving element holder 10‧‧‧Sensing block 20‧‧‧Circuit block 21‧‧‧First cover 22‧‧‧Second cover 23‧‧‧Opening 30‧‧‧Small film 31‧‧‧Inside 32‧‧‧Outer side 33‧‧‧Smoke through hole 41‧‧‧Light emitting surface 42‧‧‧Back 43‧‧‧Bottom 61‧‧‧Sound output 62‧‧‧Battery 63‧‧‧Screw 70‧‧‧Shading structure 71‧‧‧First shell 72‧‧‧Second shell 73‧‧‧Bottom plate 74‧‧‧Shading Wall 75‧‧‧(first) light-shielding rib 76‧‧‧Auxiliary shading wall 81‧‧‧First bracket 82‧‧‧Second bracket 201‧‧‧Printed Wiring Board 202‧‧‧Electronic parts 211‧‧‧First Main Board 212‧‧‧The first wall 213‧‧‧Circuit area 214‧‧‧First audio area 215‧‧‧ button 216‧‧‧ditch 217‧‧‧Sound hole 221‧‧‧Second Main Board 222‧‧‧Second Wall 223‧‧‧Containment area 224‧‧‧Second sound zone 225‧‧‧Battery area 226‧‧‧Separator 301, 302‧‧‧end edge 303‧‧‧Concave surface 401, 501‧‧‧Main body 402、502‧‧‧Lead terminal 403‧‧‧Lighting part 404‧‧‧Lead part 411‧‧‧flat part 412‧‧‧Protrusion 503‧‧‧Metal cover 700‧‧‧Inside 711, 712‧‧‧claw 721‧‧‧Upper board 722‧‧‧ Zhoubi 723‧‧‧window hole 724‧‧‧(Second) Shading Rib 725‧‧‧(Second) inner bottom surface 731‧‧‧(first) inner bottom surface 741、742‧‧‧Small wall 801‧‧‧Through hole 802‧‧‧Shading film 803‧‧‧Positioning surface 804‧‧‧Ejection outlet Ax1, Ax2‧‧‧Optical axis A1‧‧‧ Irradiation area A2‧‧‧Light receiving area A3‧‧‧Sensing area C1‧‧‧Centerline L1, L2‧‧‧Projection Op1, Op2, Op3, Op4‧‧‧path P1‧‧‧Center point Sp1‧‧‧Sensing space Z1‧‧‧area q1‧‧‧Half value angle

【圖1】圖1係實施形態1之煙感測器之感測塊的一部份切斷的立體圖。 【圖2】圖2A係同上之煙感測器由斜下方看的外觀立體圖。圖2B係同上之煙感測器由斜上方看的外觀立體圖。 【圖3】圖3係同上之煙感測器由斜下方看的分解立體圖。 【圖4】圖4係同上之煙感測器由斜上方看的分解立體圖。 【圖5】圖5係同上之煙感測器之一部份切斷的立體圖。 【圖6】圖6係同上之煙感測器之感測塊的分解立體圖。 【圖7】圖7係同上之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。 【圖8】圖8A係同上之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。圖8B顯示同上之煙感測器的主要部分，且係圖8A之區域Z1的放大圖。 【圖9】圖9顯示同上之煙感測器的主要部分，且係圖5之區域Z1的放大截面圖。 【圖10】圖10顯示同上之煙感測器的主要部分，且係圖7之A1-A1線端面圖。 【圖11】圖11A係同上之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的主要部分的平面圖。圖11B係顯示同上之煙感測器之主要部分的端面圖。 【圖12】圖12係實施形態2之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。 【圖13】圖13係實施形態2變形例之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。 【圖14】圖14A係實施形態3之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。圖14B係圖14A之區域Z1的放大圖。 【圖15】圖15A係實施形態2之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。圖15B係圖15A之區域Z1的放大圖。 【圖16】圖16係實施形態4之煙感測器移除第二殼體狀態之感測塊的平面圖。[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a part of the sensing block of the smoke sensor according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2A is a perspective view of the same smoke sensor as seen from below. Figure 2B is a perspective view of the same smoke sensor as seen from above. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the same smoke sensor as seen from below. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the same smoke sensor as seen from above. [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a part of the same smoke sensor as above. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the sensing block of the same smoke sensor. [Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a plan view of the same smoke sensor with the sensing block of the second housing removed. [Figure 8] Figure 8A is a plan view of the same smoke sensor with the second housing removed. FIG. 8B shows the main part of the same smoke sensor, and is an enlarged view of the area Z1 in FIG. 8A. [Fig. 9] Fig. 9 shows the main part of the same smoke sensor, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area Z1 in Fig. 5. [Fig. 10] Fig. 10 shows the main part of the same smoke sensor, and is an end view of the line A1-A1 in Fig. 7. [Fig. 11] Fig. 11A is a plan view of the main part of the same smoke sensor with the second housing removed from the sensing block. Fig. 11B is an end view showing the main part of the same smoke sensor. [Fig. 12] Fig. 12 is a plan view of the smoke sensor in the second embodiment with the sensing block removed from the second housing. [Fig. 13] Fig. 13 is a plan view of the smoke sensor in the second modification of the second embodiment with the sensor block removed. [Fig. 14] Fig. 14A is a plan view of the smoke sensor in the third embodiment with the sensing block removed from the second housing. Fig. 14B is an enlarged view of area Z1 in Fig. 14A. [Fig. 15] Fig. 15A is a plan view of the smoke sensor in the second embodiment with the sensing block removed from the second housing. FIG. 15B is an enlarged view of area Z1 in FIG. 15A. [Fig. 16] Fig. 16 is a plan view of the smoke sensor of the fourth embodiment with the sensing block removed from the second housing.

1‧‧‧煙感測器 1‧‧‧Smoke sensor

3‧‧‧壁構造 3‧‧‧Wall structure

4‧‧‧發光元件 4‧‧‧Light-emitting element

7‧‧‧感測殼體 7‧‧‧Sensing shell

8‧‧‧發光元件支架 8‧‧‧Light-emitting component bracket

10‧‧‧感測塊 10‧‧‧Sensing block

30‧‧‧小片 30‧‧‧Small film

70‧‧‧遮光構造 70‧‧‧Shading structure

71‧‧‧第一殼體 71‧‧‧First shell

72‧‧‧第二殼體 72‧‧‧Second shell

73‧‧‧底板 73‧‧‧Bottom plate

75‧‧‧(第一)遮光肋 75‧‧‧(first) light-shielding rib

81‧‧‧第一支架 81‧‧‧First bracket

82‧‧‧第二支架 82‧‧‧Second bracket

402‧‧‧引線端子 402‧‧‧Lead terminal

700‧‧‧內面 700‧‧‧Inside

721‧‧‧上板 721‧‧‧Upper board

722‧‧‧周壁 722‧‧‧ Zhoubi

724‧‧‧(第二)遮光肋 724‧‧‧(Second) Shading Rib

725‧‧‧(第二)內底面 725‧‧‧(Second) inner bottom surface

731‧‧‧(第一)內底面 731‧‧‧(first) inner bottom surface

802‧‧‧遮光片 802‧‧‧Shading film

804‧‧‧射出口 804‧‧‧Ejection outlet

Sp1‧‧‧感測空間 Sp1‧‧‧Sensing space

Claims (8)

一種煙感測器，包含：感測殼體，包圍著感測空間；發光元件，向該感測空間輸出光；受光元件，配置在來自該發光元件之直射光不會射入、而因該感測空間內之煙所產生之散射光會射入的位置；及遮光構造，由該感測殼體之內面突出至該感測空間內；其中該感測殼體具有：壁構造，讓該煙通過且抑制光透過；及發光元件支架，保持該發光元件；該遮光構造係有別於配置在連接該發光元件與該受光元件之直線上的遮光壁而另外設置，其位在由該發光元件所輸出且由該感測殼體之該內面反射1次以上後射入到該受光元件的光之通路上；且該遮光構造包含由該發光元件支架突出之遮光片，該遮光片位於該發光元件支架中之來自該發光元件之光所射出之射出口的側方，且由該射出口來觀察位在與遮光壁相反側。 A smoke sensor includes: a sensing housing, which surrounds a sensing space; a light-emitting element, which outputs light to the sensing space; and a light-receiving element, which is arranged so that direct light from the light-emitting element will not enter, and because of the The position where the scattered light generated by the smoke in the sensing space will enter; and the light-shielding structure, which protrudes from the inner surface of the sensing housing into the sensing space; wherein the sensing housing has: a wall structure to allow The smoke passes through and inhibits light transmission; and a light-emitting element holder that holds the light-emitting element; the light-shielding structure is different from the light-shielding wall arranged on the straight line connecting the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element, and is provided separately. The light-emitting element is output and reflected by the inner surface of the sensing housing for more than one time and then is incident on the light path of the light-receiving element; and the light-shielding structure includes a light-shielding sheet protruding from the light-emitting element support, the light-shielding sheet The light-emitting element holder is located on the side of the exit port from which the light from the light-emitting element is emitted, and the exit port is located on the side opposite to the light-shielding wall when viewed from the exit port. 如申請專利範圍第1項之煙感測器，其中該遮光片係位於該射出口周圍。 For example, the smoke sensor of item 1 in the scope of patent application, wherein the light-shielding sheet is located around the ejection outlet. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之煙感測器，其中該發光元件之半值角係25度以上。 For example, the smoke sensor of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the half angle of the light-emitting element is 25 degrees or more. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之煙感測器，其中：由與一平面直交之一方向來觀察，該壁構造包圍著該感測空間， 該感測殼體具有在該一方向上彼此對向之一對內底面，該遮光構造包含由該一對內底面中之至少一內底面突出的遮光肋。 For example, the smoke sensor of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein: viewed from a direction perpendicular to a plane, the wall structure surrounds the sensing space, The sensing housing has a pair of inner bottom surfaces facing each other in the one direction, and the light shielding structure includes a light shielding rib protruding from at least one of the pair of inner bottom surfaces. 如申請專利範圍第4項之煙感測器，其中該遮光肋位於由該發光元件輸出且射入該一對內底面中之至少一內表面的光之通路上。 Such as the smoke sensor of item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the light-shielding rib is located on the path of light output from the light-emitting element and incident on at least one inner surface of the pair of inner bottom surfaces. 如申請專利範圍第4項之煙感測器，其中由與該一平面直交之該一方向來觀察，該遮光肋配置在與該發光元件之光軸重疊的位置。 For example, in the smoke sensor of item 4 of the scope of patent application, the light-shielding rib is arranged at a position overlapping with the optical axis of the light-emitting element when viewed from the one direction perpendicular to the one plane. 如申請專利範圍第6項之煙感測器，其中該遮光肋呈朝與該發光元件之光軸交叉的方向延伸的形狀。 For example, in the smoke sensor of item 6 of the scope of patent application, the light-shielding rib has a shape extending in a direction intersecting the optical axis of the light-emitting element. 如申請專利範圍第7項之煙感測器，其中由與該一平面直交之該一方向來觀察，該遮光壁配置在連接該發光元件與該受光元件之直線上；由與該一平面直交之該一方向來觀察，該遮光肋由從該發光元件之該光軸向該遮光壁側的突出量，比該遮光肋由該發光元件之該光軸朝向與該遮光壁相反側的突出量小。 For example, the smoke sensor of item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the light-shielding wall is arranged on the straight line connecting the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the plane; Viewed from the one direction, the amount of protrusion of the light shielding rib from the optical axis of the light emitting element toward the side of the light shielding wall is greater than the amount of protrusion of the light shield rib from the optical axis of the light emitting element toward the side opposite to the light shielding wall small.
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