TWI714756B - Seismic isolation bearing for bridge and bridge using the same - Google Patents

Seismic isolation bearing for bridge and bridge using the same Download PDF

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TWI714756B
TWI714756B TW106112150A TW106112150A TWI714756B TW I714756 B TWI714756 B TW I714756B TW 106112150 A TW106112150 A TW 106112150A TW 106112150 A TW106112150 A TW 106112150A TW I714756 B TWI714756 B TW I714756B
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bridge axis
bridge
pair
vibration
right angles
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TW106112150A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201738434A (en
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河內山修
長弘健太
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日商翁令司工業股份有限公司
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E01D19/041—Elastomeric bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/40—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

本發明之橋梁用之防震支承1除了橡膠板2及鋼板3以外，並具有：積層體7、密閉設置於積層體7之內部之中空部8、及密實地填充於中空部8之鉛心9，鉛心9具有：於橋軸方向B上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向C之長方形之面71、及於該橋軸直角方向C上相互對向之一對橋軸方向B之長方形之面72。In addition to the rubber sheet 2 and the steel plate 3, the earthquake-proof support 1 for the bridge of the present invention has: a laminated body 7, an internal hollow portion 8 sealed in the laminated body 7, and a lead core 9 densely filled in the hollow portion 8. , The lead core 9 has: a pair of rectangular surfaces facing each other in the bridge axis direction B in the direction C of the right angle to the bridge axis, and a pair of rectangular surfaces facing each other in the direction C of the bridge axis in the right angle direction B之面72.

Description

橋梁用之防震支承及使用其之橋梁Seismic support for bridges and bridges using them

本發明係關於用於具備橋墩(橋台)與橋桁之橋梁(包含道路橋)較佳之防震支承及使用此種防震支承之橋梁。The present invention relates to a better seismic support for bridges (including road bridges) with piers (bridge abutments) and bridge trusses and bridges using such seismic supports.

已知有一種橋梁用防震支承，其具備：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性層及剛性層、以及由該等彈性層及剛性層之內周面界定之中空部；及鉛心，其配置於該積層體之中空部，且由作為藉由塑性變形而吸收積層體之橋軸方向之剪切能、使積層體之橋軸方向之剪切變形衰減之衰減材料之鉛構成。 於橋梁中介於橋墩與橋桁之間之上述防震支承相對於橋墩地支持橋桁，且以鉛心之塑性變形而使因橋桁基於地震、車輛通過及風等而相對於橋墩之主要橋軸方向之振動所引起的積層體之積層方向一端相對於積層體之積層方向另一端之橋軸方向之剪切變形衰減，另一方面，同樣地以積層體之彈性變形(剪切變形)，抑制因橋桁相對於橋墩之主要橋軸方向之振動所引起的積層體之積層方向一端之橋軸方向之振動傳遞至橋桁。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本專利特開2008-232190號公報There is known an earthquake-proof support for a bridge, which is provided with: a laminated body having alternately laminated elastic layers and rigid layers, and a hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surfaces of the elastic layers and rigid layers; and a lead core, which is arranged The hollow part of the laminated body is made of lead as an attenuating material that absorbs the shear energy in the bridge axis direction of the laminated body by plastic deformation and attenuates the shear deformation in the bridge axis direction of the laminated body. The above-mentioned seismic support between the pier and the truss in the bridge supports the truss relative to the pier, and the plastic deformation of the lead core causes the truss to vibrate relative to the main axis of the pier due to earthquakes, vehicle passing, wind, etc. The resulting shear deformation at one end of the laminate direction relative to the bridge axis direction at the other end of the laminate direction is attenuated. On the other hand, the elastic deformation (shear deformation) of the laminate is also suppressed due to the bridge truss The vibration in the direction of the bridge axis at one end of the laminate direction of the laminated body caused by the vibration in the main axis direction of the bridge pier is transmitted to the truss. [Prior Art Document] [Patent Document] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-232190

[發明所欲解決之問題] 然而，於此種防震支承中，對鉛心使用圓柱體，結果雖可不限於橋軸方向及橋軸直角方向而以該鉛心使相對於水平面內全方向之積層體之剪切變形衰減，換言之，可以鉛心於水平面內無方向性地使積層體之剪切變形衰減，但以上述由圓柱體構成之鉛心而言，若要以該鉛心使特定方向之剪切變形、例如橋軸方向之剪切變形大幅衰減，必須使用大徑之鉛心，因而鉛之使用效率不佳，且防震支承自身亦必須增大。 上述塑性流動不限於在鉛心之鉛中產生，亦有可能在包含藉由塑性變形吸收積層體之橋軸方向之剪切變形能而使積層體之橋軸方向之剪切變形衰減之其他衰減材料的振動衰減體中產生。 本發明係鑑於上述諸點而完成者，其目的在於提供一種即便為小型、亦可有效地使橋桁之橋軸方向之振動衰減之橋梁用防震支承。 [解決問題之技術手段] 本發明之橋梁用防震支承具備：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性層及剛性層；中空部，其密閉設置於該積層體之內部；及振動衰減體，其密實地填充於該中空部，且使積層體之橋軸方向之振動衰減；振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋梁之橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋梁之橋軸直角方向之面、及於該橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面。 於本發明中，密實地填充有使基於橋桁之橋軸方向的振動之積層體之橋軸方向之剪切變形能衰減之振動衰減體的中空部可為一個，但亦可於橋軸方向排列有複數個，又，亦可於橋軸直角方向排列有複數個，更可於橋軸直角方向及橋軸方向各者排列有複數個；於本發明之橋梁用之防震支承具備上述複數個中空部之情形時，可於各個中空部，密實地填充使橋桁之橋軸方向之振動衰減之振動衰減體。 根據本發明之防震支承，吸收橋桁之橋軸方向之振動能而使橋桁之橋軸方向之振動衰減之振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面、及於該橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面，因此，與由圓柱體構成之鉛心相比，可大幅擴大橋軸方向之剪切面，結果，即便為小型亦可有效地使橋桁之橋軸方向之振動衰減。 於本發明之防震支承中，橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面間之橋軸方向間隔，可大於或小於該橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面之間的橋軸直角方向間隔，即，可與該橋軸直角方向間隔不同，或亦可相同。 於本發明之防震支承中，於較佳之例中，柱體之於積層方向延伸之各稜線形成倒角，較佳為形成R角倒角，於其他較佳之例中，柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面之於橋軸直角方向延伸之各稜線形成R角倒角，於進而較佳之例中，柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面各者具有：該一對端面之於橋軸直角方向延伸之各稜線經R角倒角加工而形成之一對彎曲面、及位於橋軸方向之一對彎曲面之間之平坦面。 於本發明之防震支承中，若柱體之積層方向上相互對向之一對端面之於橋軸直角方向延伸之各稜線經R角倒角加工成為流動引導凹面，則於基於橋桁之橋軸方向的振動之積層體之橋軸方向B之剪切變形中，可有效地確保振動衰減體於中空部之積層方向之一端部之流動，結果可進一步提高防震效果。 於本發明之防震支承中，於較佳之例中，振動衰減體包含以塑性變形吸收振動能之衰減材料，上述衰減材料可包含：鉛、錫、鋅、鋁、銅、鎳、或包含鋅/鋁合金等超塑性合金之該等合金或非鉛系低熔點合金，亦可包含非鉛系低熔點合金(例如選自錫-鋅系合金、錫-鉍系合金及錫-銦系合金之錫含有合金，具體而言為包含錫42～43重量%及鉍57～58重量%之錫-鉍合金等)，且，於其他較佳之例中，包含以塑性流動進行振動能之吸收之衰減材料，上述衰減材料可包含熱塑性樹脂或熱硬化性樹脂、及橡膠粉，具體而言，例如可包含：藉由相互摩擦而使附加之振動衰減之熱傳導性填充物、藉由至少與熱傳導性填充物之摩擦而使附加之振動衰減之石墨、及賦予黏著性之膠黏劑樹脂。 於本發明之防震支承中，作為彈性層之素材可列舉天然橡膠、矽橡膠、高衰減橡膠、聚氨酯橡膠或氯丁二烯橡膠等橡膠，但較佳為天然橡膠；包含上述橡膠之橡膠板等彈性層之各層較佳於無負載狀態下具有1 mm～30 mm左右之厚度，但並不限於此；又，作為剛性層，可列舉鋼板、碳纖維、玻璃纖維或芳香族聚醯胺纖維等纖維補強合成樹脂板或纖維補強硬質橡膠板等作為較佳之例，剛性層之各層可具有1 mm～ 6 mm左右之厚度；又，積層方向之最上層及最下層之剛性層之厚度，可厚於最上層及最下層之剛性層以外之配置於最上層與最下層的剛性層間之剛性層之厚度，可具有例如10 mm～50 mm左右之厚度，但並不限於此，除此以外，彈性層及剛性層在其層數上亦無特別限定，基於橋桁之載荷、剪切變形量(水平方向應變量)、彈性層之彈性率、預測之對橋桁之振動加速度之大小之觀點，決定能獲得穩定之防震特性之彈性層及剛性層之層數即可。 又，於本發明中，密閉設置於積層體之內部之中空部可為一個，但亦可取代此而為複數個，且可將振動衰減體分別配置於該複數個中空部，由上述彈性層及剛性層之內周面與流動引導凹面界定複數個中空部之全部或一部分，而由該等內周面與流動引導凹面限制振動衰減體。 [發明之效果] 根據本發明，可提供一種即便為小型、亦可有效地使橋桁之橋軸方向之振動衰減之橋梁用之防震支承。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this type of anti-vibration support, a cylindrical body is used for the lead core, and the result is not limited to the direction of the bridge axis and the direction at right angles to the bridge axis. The shear deformation of the body is attenuated. In other words, the shear deformation of the laminated body can be attenuated by the lead core in the horizontal plane non-directionally. However, in the case of the above-mentioned lead core composed of a cylinder, if the lead core is used to make a specific direction The shear deformation, for example, the shear deformation in the direction of the bridge axis is greatly attenuated, and a large-diameter lead core must be used. Therefore, the use efficiency of lead is not good, and the seismic support itself must be enlarged. The above-mentioned plastic flow is not limited to the lead in the lead core. It is also possible to attenuate the shear deformation in the bridge axis direction of the laminated body by absorbing the shear deformation energy in the bridge axis direction of the laminated body by plastic deformation. Produced in the vibration attenuator of the material. The present invention was made in view of the above points, and its object is to provide an earthquake-proof support for a bridge that can effectively attenuate vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss even if it is small. [Technical Means for Solving the Problem] The earthquake-proof support for a bridge of the present invention is provided with: a laminated body having an elastic layer and a rigid layer alternately laminated; a hollow part, which is hermetically arranged inside the laminated body; and a vibration attenuator, which is dense Fill the hollow part on the spot, and attenuate the vibration in the direction of the bridge axis of the laminated body; the vibration attenuator includes a column, the column has: a pair of the bridge axis of the bridge is opposite to each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles A pair of surfaces facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis. In the present invention, there may be one hollow portion of the vibration attenuating body that is densely filled with the vibration attenuating body that attenuates the shear deformation in the bridge axis direction of the laminated body based on the vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss, but it may be arranged in the bridge axis direction. There are a plurality of them, and a plurality of them may be arranged at right angles to the bridge axis, and a plurality of them may be arranged in each of the right angle direction of the bridge axis and the bridge axis. The seismic support for the bridge of the present invention has the above plural hollows In the case of parts, each hollow part can be densely filled with a vibration attenuator that attenuates the vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge string. According to the earthquake-proof support of the present invention, the vibration attenuating body that absorbs the vibration energy in the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss and attenuates the vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss includes a column body having: a pair facing each other in the bridge axis direction The plane in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles and the plane in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to each other in the direction of the bridge axis. Therefore, compared with the lead core composed of a cylinder, the shear plane in the direction of the bridge axis can be greatly enlarged. As a result, even if it is small, it can effectively attenuate the vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge string. In the anti-vibration support of the present invention, the bridge axis direction interval between the planes facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis can be greater or less than the direction of the bridge axis in the direction of the bridge axis facing each other at right angles The distance between the planes of the bridge axis in the right-angle direction, that is, may be different from the bridge axis in the right-angle direction, or the same. In the anti-vibration support of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the ridges of the column extending in the stacking direction are chamfered, preferably forming an R-angle chamfer. In other preferred embodiments, the column is chamfered in the stacking direction The ridge lines extending at right angles to the bridge axis on a pair of opposite end faces form an R-angle chamfer. In a further preferred example, a pair of opposite end faces of the column in the stacking direction each have: Each ridge line of a pair of end surfaces extending in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles is chamfered to form a pair of curved surfaces and a flat surface located between the pair of curved surfaces in the direction of the bridge axis. In the earthquake-proof support of the present invention, if the ridges extending at right angles to the axis of the bridge on a pair of end faces facing each other in the stacking direction of the column are chamfered to form a flow guiding concave surface, the truss-based bridge axis In the shear deformation of the laminated body in the direction of vibration in the bridge axis direction B, the flow of the vibration attenuator at one end of the laminated direction of the hollow part can be effectively ensured, and as a result, the shockproof effect can be further improved. In the shock-proof support of the present invention, in a preferred embodiment, the vibration attenuator includes an attenuating material that absorbs vibration energy through plastic deformation. The attenuating material may include: lead, tin, zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, or zinc/ Superplastic alloys such as aluminum alloys or non-lead-based low-melting alloys may also include non-lead-based low-melting alloys (for example, tin selected from tin-zinc-based alloys, tin-bismuth-based alloys and tin-indium-based alloys) Containing alloys, specifically, tin-bismuth alloys containing 42-43% by weight of tin and 57-58% by weight of bismuth, etc.), and, in other preferred embodiments, include attenuating materials that absorb vibration energy by plastic flow The above-mentioned attenuation material may include thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, and rubber powder. Specifically, for example, it may include: a thermally conductive filler that attenuates additional vibration by rubbing against each other, and at least a thermally conductive filler Graphite that attenuates additional vibration by friction, and adhesive resin that imparts adhesion. In the shock-proof support of the present invention, as the material of the elastic layer, natural rubber, silicon rubber, high attenuation rubber, urethane rubber, or chloroprene rubber, etc. can be cited, but it is preferably natural rubber; rubber sheets containing the above rubber, etc. Each layer of the elastic layer preferably has a thickness of about 1 mm to 30 mm under no load, but it is not limited to this; in addition, as the rigid layer, steel, carbon fiber, glass fiber or aromatic polyamide fiber and other fibers can be cited Reinforced synthetic resin boards or fiber-reinforced hard rubber boards are preferable examples. Each layer of the rigid layer can have a thickness of about 1 mm to 6 mm; and the thickness of the rigid layer of the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer in the stacking direction can be thicker than The thickness of the rigid layer arranged between the uppermost and lowermost rigid layers other than the rigid layers of the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer may have a thickness of, for example, about 10 mm to 50 mm, but it is not limited to this. In addition, the elastic layer And the rigid layer is not particularly limited in the number of layers. Based on the viewpoints of the load of the truss, the amount of shear deformation (horizontal strain), the elasticity of the elastic layer, and the predicted magnitude of the vibration acceleration of the truss, it can be determined The number of layers of elastic layer and rigid layer with stable shockproof properties is sufficient. In addition, in the present invention, there may be one hollow part airtightly provided in the interior of the laminated body, but it may be replaced with a plurality of hollow parts, and the vibration attenuator may be respectively arranged in the plurality of hollow parts, and the elastic layer The inner peripheral surface and the flow guiding concave surface of the rigid layer define all or a part of the plurality of hollow parts, and the vibration attenuating body is restricted by the inner peripheral surface and the flow guiding concave surface. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an earthquake-proof support for a bridge that can effectively attenuate the vibration in the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss even if it is small.

接著，基於圖示之較佳具體例，詳細地說明本發明之實施形態。另，本發明一概不限於該等之例。 於圖1至圖3中，本例之橋梁用防震支承1除了作為交替積層之彈性層之矩形環狀(四角環狀)之複數片橡膠板2、及同樣作為剛性層之矩形環狀(四角環狀)之複數片鋼板3以外，並具備：矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之積層體7，其被覆橡膠板2及鋼板3之矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之外周面4及5，且具有包含耐候性優異之橡膠材料之矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之被覆層(外周保護層)6；四角柱狀之中空部8，其密閉設置於積層體7之內部，且於積層方向A延伸；作為振動衰減體之鉛心9，其密實地填充於中空部8，且藉由塑性變形吸收積層體7之橋軸方向B之振動能(剪切能)而使積層體7之橋軸方向B之振動(剪切振動)衰減；四角板狀之上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12，其經由螺栓10連結、固定於鋼板3中之積層方向V之最上部及最下部的鋼板3各者；四角板狀之剪力榫15，其嵌著於最上部的鋼板3之四角環狀之凹部13及上凸緣板11之四角板狀之凹部14；及四角板狀之剪力榫18，其嵌著於最下部的鋼板3之四角環狀之凹部16及下凸緣板12之四角板狀之凹部17。 複數片橡膠板2各者除了外周面4以外，並具有：矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面21；積層方向V中上方之四角環狀面即四角環狀之上表面22；及積層方向V中下方之四角環狀面即四角環狀之下表面23。 複數片鋼板3包含：積層方向V中最上部及最下部之鋼板3；及積層方向V中配置於最上部及最下部之鋼板3間、且積層方向V上之厚度薄於積層方向V上之最上部及最下部的鋼板3之厚度之複數片鋼板3。 最上部之鋼板3具有：積層方向V中上方及下方之四角環狀之上表面31及下表面32；矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面33及外周面34；界定凹部13、且配置於較內周面33更為橋軸方向B及正交於橋軸方向B之橋軸直角方向C之外側的矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面35；及與內周面35協同而界定凹部13之四角環狀之凹部底面36；且，以上表面31與上凸緣板11之四角環狀之下表面37緊密接觸，另一方面，以下表面32硫化接著於在積層方向V中鄰接於該最上部的鋼板3之橡膠板2之上表面22而與該上表面22緊密固著。 最下部之鋼板3具有：積層方向V中上方及下方之四角環狀之上表面41及下表面42；矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面43及外周面44；界定凹部16且配置於較內周面43更為橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C之外側的矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面45；及與內周面45協同而界定凹部16之四角環狀之凹部頂面46；且，以下表面42與下凸緣板12之四角環狀之上表面47緊密接觸，另一方面，以上表面41硫化接著於在積層方向V中鄰接於該最下部的鋼板3之橡膠板2之下表面23而與該下表面23緊密固著。 配置於最上部及最下部之鋼板3間之複數片鋼板3各者具有：積層方向V中上方及下方之四角環狀之上表面51及下表面52；及矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之內周面53及外周面54；且，以上表面51硫化接著於鄰接於積層方向V上方之橡膠板2之下表面23而與該下表面23緊密固著，以下表面52硫化接著於鄰接於積層方向V的下方之彈性層2之上表面22而與該上表面22緊密固著。 具有矩形筒狀(四角筒狀)之外周面55及內周面56且較佳具有5～10 mm左右之層厚之被覆層6係以內周面56被覆由相互齊平面地於積層方向V排列之外周面4、5及54構成之外周面57，且硫化接著於該外周面57。 中空部8除了由相互齊平面地於積層方向V排列之內周面21、33、43及53構成之四角筒狀之內周面61以外，並由剪力榫15之正方形之下表面62、及剪力榫18之正方形之上表面63而界定，且下表面62與積層方向V之鉛心9之正方形之上端面64緊密接觸，上表面63與積層方向V之鉛心9之正方形之下端面65緊密接觸。 四角柱狀之鉛心9係將相對於防震支承1不受積層方向V之載荷時之中空部8之容積1.01倍以上之體積且純度99.9%以上之鉛無間隙地填充於該中空部8而成，且，鉛心9於內周面21之部位在橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C上向外方擠出而略微彎曲變形為凸面狀，但若忽視該微小之彎曲變形，則鉛心9由除了上端面64及下端面65以外，並由具有於橋軸方向B上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向C之長方形之面71、及於該橋軸直角方向C上相互對向之一對橋軸方向B之長方形之面72的長方體狀之柱體構成。 上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12各者係由具有與最上部及最下部之鋼板3同等之積層方向V之厚度之鋼板構成，上凸緣板11如圖4所示經由地腳螺栓75而固定於朝橋軸方向B延伸之長條之橋桁76之例如橋軸方向B之一端，下凸緣板12同樣地如圖4所示經由地腳螺栓77而固定於例如橋軸方向B之一端之橋墩78。 橋桁76於橋軸方向B之另一端，視情況而於橋軸方向B之另一端、以及該一端與另一端之中間部之至少一個部位，經由與本防震支承1同樣之防震支承，而防震支持於該部位之另一橋墩上。 由與凹部13及凹部14緊密嵌合之鋼板構成之剪力榫15，係阻止上凸緣板11相對於最上部的鋼板3之橋軸方向B及橋軸垂直方向C之相對變位，另一方面，由與凹部16及凹部17緊密嵌合之鋼板構成之剪力榫18，係阻止下凸緣板12相對於最下部鋼板3之橋軸方向B及橋軸垂直方向C之相對變位。 包含自由彈性伸縮變形之複數片橡膠板2之本例之防震支承1，會對應於如圖4所示之基於支持橋桁76時該橋桁76之載荷之各橡膠板2之積層方向V的彈性變形，而於積層方向V被壓縮，但於該情形時，鉛心9亦於內周面21之部位於橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C上向外方被擠出而略為彎曲變形為凸面狀。 於具備以上之防震支承1、經由地腳螺栓77固定支持防震支承1之下端即下凸緣板12之橋墩78、及經由地腳螺栓75固定支持防震支承1之上端即上凸緣板11之橋桁76之橋梁81中，承受橋桁76之積層方向V之載荷之防震支承1係在地震等導致橋墩78之橋軸方向B之變位(振動)下，如圖4所示之積層體7於橋軸方向B剪切變形，且以積層體7之橋軸方向B之剪切變形，盡可能地阻止地震等導致之橋軸方向B之地盤振動，換言之，藉由積層體7之各橡膠板2之橋軸方向B之剪切變形，盡可能地阻止橋墩78之橋軸方向B之振動傳遞至橋桁76，且藉由鉛心9之塑性變形，盡量地使傳遞至橋桁76之橋軸方向B之橋桁76之振動加速衰減。 根據上述防震支承1，吸收橋桁76之橋軸方向B之振動能而使橋桁76之橋軸方向B之振動衰減之鉛心9，係由具有於橋軸方向B上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向C之面71與於橋軸直角方向C上相互對向之一對橋軸方向B之面72的長方體狀柱體構成，故與由圓柱體構成之鉛心相比，可擴大橋軸方向B之剪切面，結果，即便為小型亦可有效地使橋軸方向B之振動衰減。 上述防震支承1具備一個中空部8及密實填充於一個中空部8之鉛心9，但可取代此，而具備於橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C之至少一者複數行之複數個中空部8，例如如圖5及圖6所示，具備於橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C兩者以2行排列之4個中空部8、及密實地填充於4個中空部8各者之鉛心9，於該情形時，各鉛心9亦可由具有於橋軸方向B上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向C之面71與橋軸直角方向C上相互對向之一對橋軸方向B之面72之柱體構成。 又，於圖1所示之例之防震支承1中，作為複數層剛性層之複數片鋼板3係由經由螺栓10而連結、固定於上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12各者之最上部及最下部之鋼板3、及配置於最上部及最下部之鋼板3間且其積層方向V之厚度薄於積層方向V之最上部及最下部之鋼板3之厚度之複數片鋼板3構成，但亦可取代此，而如圖5所示，省略剪力榫15及18，另一方面，將於相互於積層方向V上具有相同之厚度且各自具有於橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C兩者以2行排列之4個內周面53的複數片鋼板3各者，於在積層方向V上具有相同厚度且各自具有於橋軸方向B及橋軸直角方向C兩者以2行排列之4個內周面21的複數片橡膠板2中之於積層方向V上最上部與最下部的橡膠板2間，相對於該複數片橡膠板2各者交替積層而配置且硫化接著於該複數片橡膠板2各者，除此以外，可省略螺栓10，另一方面，將最上部及最下部之橡膠板2以其上表面22及下表面23硫化接著於下表面37及上表面48各者，於該情形時，各中空部8除了包含複數個內周面21及53之四角筒狀之內周面61以外，並由下表面37及上表面47界定。 除此以外，於上述防震支承1中，中空部8以鉛心9之一對面71間之橋軸方向間隔L1與一對面72間之橋軸直角方向間隔L2相互相同，換言之，以上端面64及下端面65為正方形之方式由內周面61、下表面62及上表面63界定，但可取代此，以鉛心9之一對面71間之橋軸方向間隔L1與一對面72間之橋軸直角方向間隔L2互不相同之方式，例如如圖7所示，鉛心9之一對面71間之橋軸方向間隔L1大於一對面72間之橋軸直線方向間隔L2，換言之，以上端面64及下端面65為長方形之方式，由內周面61、下表面62及上表面63而界定密實地填充鉛心9之中空部8。 除此以外，於上述防震支承1中，由柱體構成之鉛心9於積層方向V延伸之各稜線82以及積層方向V上相互對向之一對上端面64及下端面65之各稜線83可形成倒角，例如R角倒角。 尤其，如圖8及圖9所示，於由柱體構成之鉛心9中，於該積層方向V上相互對向之一對端面91及92(對應於上端面64及下端面65)各者，亦能以具有將該一對端面91及92之於橋軸直角方向C延伸之各稜線R倒角之一對彎曲面93及94、及於橋軸方向B上位於一對彎曲面93及94間之平坦面95之方式，由中空部8之內周面61、下表面62及上表面63界定。 又，可以鉛心9之一對端面91及92各者具有一對彎曲面93及94與平坦面95之方式，取代剪力榫15及18，而如圖8及圖9所示，將在積層方向V上於下表面106及上表面107各自具有界定一對彎曲面93及94與平坦面95之一對彎曲面103及104與平坦面105之四角柱狀蓋構件108、109，以其正方形之上表面111及下表面112與上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12各者之正方形之上表面113及下表面114齊平面之方式，嵌合、固定於形成於上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12各者之四角柱狀之貫通孔101及102各者。 於圖8及圖9所示之防震支承1中，於因橋墩78及下凸緣板12之橋軸方向B之振動所致的鉛心9之橋軸方向B之剪切變形中，可有效地確保中空部8之積層方向V之一端部即上端部121及122之鉛心9之上端部123及124之流動D，故可進一步提高防震效果。 於圖8及圖9所示之防震支承1中，以由柱體構成之鉛心9之一對端面91及92各者具有一對彎曲面93及94與平坦面95之方式，由中空部8之內周面61以及由下表面106及上表面107構成之下表面62及上表面63界定，但可取代此，而為鉛心9之於積層方向V上位於上方之端面91具有於橋軸直角方向C延伸之軸心且包含向上凸之圓筒面之一部分，且於積層方向上位於下方之端面92具有於橋軸直角方向C延伸之軸心、且包含向下凸之圓筒面之一部分，於該情形時，各圓筒面可具有橋軸方向間隔L1之一半以下，較佳為橋軸方向間隔L1一半之曲率半徑。 然而，於上述防震支承1中，積層體7以及上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12各者具有：各自平行於面71且於橋軸方向B上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向C之長方形之面131、132及133、及各自平行於面72且於橋軸直角方向C上相互對向之一對橋軸方向B之長方形之面134以及135及136，但亦可取代此，而如圖10所示，除了圓環狀之複數片橡膠板(省略圖示)及鋼板3以外，並具備：圓筒狀之積層體7，其具有被覆橡膠板及鋼板3之圓筒狀外周面之圓筒狀之被覆層(外周保護層)6；及圓板狀或圓環狀之上凸緣板11及下凸緣板12。 再者，於上述任一防震支承1中，剪力榫15及18並不限於四角板狀，亦可為圓板狀，於該情形時，凹部13、14、16及17亦可為將圓板狀之剪力榫15及18緊密嵌著之圓板狀。Next, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred specific examples shown in the drawings. In addition, the present invention is not limited to these examples at all. In Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the earthquake-proof support 1 for the bridge in this example except for a plurality of rubber plates 2 in a rectangular ring (four-corner ring) as an alternately laminated elastic layer, and a rectangular ring (four-corner ring) which is also a rigid layer. In addition to the plurality of steel plates 3 in the shape of a ring), it is provided with a rectangular tube (quadrangular tube) laminated body 7 covering the outer peripheral surfaces 4 and 5 of the rectangular tube (square tube) of the rubber sheet 2 and the steel plate 3, It also has a rectangular cylindrical (square cylindrical) covering layer (outer peripheral protective layer) 6 containing a rubber material with excellent weather resistance; a quadrangular columnar hollow portion 8, which is hermetically arranged inside the laminated body 7 and in the laminated direction A extension; the lead core 9 as a vibration attenuator is densely filled in the hollow portion 8, and the vibration energy (shear energy) of the laminated body 7 in the bridge axis direction B is absorbed by plastic deformation to make the laminated body 7 bridge Vibration (shear vibration) in the axial direction B is attenuated; the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12 are connected by bolts 10 and fixed to the uppermost and lowermost parts of the steel plate 3 in the lamination direction V Steel plate 3 each; square plate-shaped shear tenon 15, which is embedded in the four-corner ring-shaped recess 13 of the uppermost steel plate 3 and the square plate-shaped recess 14 of the upper flange plate 11; and the square plate-shaped shear The tenon 18 is embedded in the four-corner ring-shaped recess 16 of the lowermost steel plate 3 and the four-corner plate-shaped recess 17 of the lower flange plate 12. In addition to the outer peripheral surface 4, each of the plurality of rubber sheets 2 has: an inner peripheral surface 21 in the shape of a rectangular tube (quadrangular tube); a quadrangular annular surface in the upper direction in the layering direction V, that is, a quadrangular annular upper surface 22; and The four-corner annular surface at the bottom in the layering direction V is the four-corner annular lower surface 23. The plurality of steel plates 3 include: the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3 in the layering direction V; and the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3 in the layering direction V, and the thickness in the layering direction V is thinner than that in the layering direction V Multiple steel plates 3 of the thickness of the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3. The uppermost steel plate 3 has: upper and lower quadrangular annular upper surfaces 31 and lower surfaces 32 in the layering direction V; rectangular cylindrical (square cylindrical) inner circumferential surfaces 33 and outer circumferential surfaces 34; defining recesses 13, and A rectangular cylindrical (quadrangular cylindrical) inner circumferential surface 35 arranged on the outer side of the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis perpendicular direction C orthogonal to the bridge axis direction B than the inner circumferential surface 33; and the inner circumferential surface 35 Collaboratively define the bottom surface 36 of the four-corner ring of the concave portion 13; and the upper surface 31 is in close contact with the bottom surface 37 of the four-corner ring of the upper flange plate 11. On the other hand, the lower surface 32 is vulcanized in the layering direction V The upper surface 22 of the rubber plate 2 adjacent to the uppermost steel plate 3 is tightly fixed to the upper surface 22. The lowermost steel plate 3 has: upper and lower quadrangular ring-shaped upper surfaces 41 and lower surfaces 42 in the layering direction V; rectangular cylindrical (square cylindrical) inner circumferential surfaces 43 and outer circumferential surfaces 44; defining and disposing recesses 16 A rectangular cylindrical (quadrangular cylindrical) inner circumferential surface 45 on the outer side of the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis perpendicular direction C than the inner circumferential surface 43; and a quadrangular ring shape that cooperates with the inner circumferential surface 45 to define the recess 16 The concave top surface 46; and, the lower surface 42 is in close contact with the four-corner annular upper surface 47 of the lower flange plate 12, on the other hand, the upper surface 41 is vulcanized and then vulcanized on the steel plate adjacent to the lowermost part in the stacking direction V The lower surface 23 of the rubber plate 2 of 3 is tightly fixed to the lower surface 23. Each of the plurality of steel plates 3 arranged between the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3 has: upper and lower quadrangular ring-shaped upper surfaces 51 and 52 in the layering direction V; and rectangular cylindrical (square cylindrical) shapes The inner peripheral surface 53 and the outer peripheral surface 54; and, the upper surface 51 is vulcanized and then vulcanized to the lower surface 23 of the rubber sheet 2 adjacent to the upper part of the lamination direction V and tightly fixed to the lower surface 23, and the lower surface 52 is vulcanized and then adjacent to the lamination The upper surface 22 of the elastic layer 2 below the direction V is tightly fixed to the upper surface 22. The coating layer 6 having a rectangular cylindrical shape (square cylindrical shape) outer circumferential surface 55 and an inner circumferential surface 56 and preferably having a layer thickness of about 5-10 mm is covered with the inner circumferential surface 56 and arranged in the lamination direction V flush with each other The outer peripheral surfaces 4, 5, and 54 constitute the outer peripheral surface 57, and the vulcanization is followed by the outer peripheral surface 57. The hollow portion 8 is composed of a rectangular cylindrical inner circumferential surface 61 composed of inner circumferential surfaces 21, 33, 43, and 53 arranged flush with each other in the layering direction V, and is composed of a square lower surface 62, a shear tenon 15 And the square upper surface 63 of the shear tenon 18, and the lower surface 62 is in close contact with the square upper end 64 of the lead core 9 in the lamination direction V, and the upper surface 63 is below the square of the lead core 9 in the lamination direction V The end faces 65 are in close contact. The quadrangular columnar lead core 9 is filled with lead with a volume of 1.01 times or more and a purity of 99.9% or more of the hollow portion 8 when the load in the stacking direction V is not applied to the shock-proof support 1 in the hollow portion 8. The lead core 9 is extruded outward in the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis right-angle direction C at the position of the lead core 9 on the inner peripheral surface 21 to be slightly bent and deformed into a convex shape. However, if the slight bending deformation is ignored, the lead The core 9 consists of a rectangular surface 71 with a pair of opposite to each other in the bridge axis direction B in the direction C of the right angle to the bridge axis, except for the upper end surface 64 and the lower end surface 65 It is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped column with a rectangular surface 72 facing a pair of bridge axis directions B. Each of the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12 is composed of steel plates having the same thickness in the stacking direction V as the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3, and the upper flange plate 11 is provided by anchor bolts as shown in FIG. 4 75 and fixed to, for example, one end of the long bridge truss 76 extending in the bridge axis direction B in the bridge axis direction B, the lower flange plate 12 is also fixed in the bridge axis direction B via anchor bolts 77 as shown in FIG. 4 One end of the bridge pier 78. The bridge truss 76 is at the other end of the bridge axis direction B, as appropriate, at the other end of the bridge axis direction B, and at least one part of the intermediate portion between the one end and the other end, through the same earthquake-proof support as the earthquake-proof support 1 to prevent earthquakes. Support on the other pier at this position. The shear tenon 15 composed of steel plates tightly fitted with the recesses 13 and 14 prevents the upper flange plate 11 from being displaced relative to the uppermost steel plate 3 in the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis vertical direction C, and On the one hand, the shear tenon 18 composed of steel plates tightly fitted with the recessed portion 16 and the recessed portion 17 prevents the relative displacement of the lower flange plate 12 with respect to the lowermost steel plate 3 in the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis vertical direction C . The earthquake-proof support 1 of this example, which includes a plurality of pieces of rubber plates 2 that are free to elastically expand and contract, corresponds to the elastic deformation of each rubber plate 2 in the stacking direction V based on the load of the bridge truss 76 when the bridge truss 76 is supported as shown in FIG. 4 , And compressed in the layering direction V, but in this case, the lead core 9 is also squeezed outward on the inner peripheral surface 21 in the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis right angle direction C, and is slightly bent and deformed into a convex surface shape. On the bridge pier 78 with the above seismic support 1, the lower end of the seismic support 1 that is the lower flange plate 12 is fixed and supported by anchor bolts 77, and the upper end of the seismic support 1 that is the upper flange plate 11 is fixed and supported by the anchor bolts 75 In the bridge 81 of the truss 76, the seismic support 1 that bears the load in the stacking direction V of the truss 76 is under the displacement (vibration) of the bridge axis B of the pier 78 caused by earthquakes. The stack 7 shown in FIG. Shear deformation in the direction of the bridge axis B, and the shear deformation in the direction B of the bridge axis of the layered body 7 prevents the vibration of the ground in the direction of the bridge axis B caused by earthquakes as much as possible. In other words, the rubber plates of the layered body 7 2. The shear deformation in the bridge axis direction B of 2 prevents the vibration of the bridge pier 78 in the bridge axis direction B from being transmitted to the bridge truss 76, and the plastic deformation of the lead core 9 makes it possible to transmit to the bridge axis direction of the bridge truss 76 as much as possible The vibration of the bridge girder 76 of B accelerates and decays. According to the above-mentioned seismic support 1, the lead core 9 that absorbs the vibration energy of the bridge axis direction B of the bridge truss 76 and attenuates the vibration of the bridge axis direction B of the bridge truss 76 is composed of a pair of bridges facing each other in the bridge axis direction B The surface 71 in the direction of right angle to the axis C and the surface 72 in the direction of right angle to the bridge axis C are formed by a rectangular parallelepiped column. The shear surface in the axis direction B, as a result, even if it is small, the vibration in the bridge axis direction B can be effectively attenuated. The anti-vibration support 1 has a hollow part 8 and a lead core 9 densely filled in the hollow part 8, but instead of this, it has plural hollows in plural rows in at least one of the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis perpendicular direction C The portion 8, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, for example, includes four hollow portions 8 arranged in two rows in both the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis right-angle direction C, and each of the four hollow portions 8 is densely filled In this case, each lead core 9 can also have a pair of faces 71 facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis B at a right angle to the bridge axis and a pair of faces facing each other in the direction C of the bridge axis at a right angle The surface 72 of the bridge axis direction B is formed by a cylinder. In addition, in the earthquake-proof support 1 of the example shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of steel plates 3 as a plurality of rigid layers are connected by bolts 10 and fixed to each of the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12. The upper and lower steel plates 3, and a plurality of steel plates 3 arranged between the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3 and whose thickness in the lamination direction V is thinner than the thickness of the uppermost and lowermost steel plates 3 in the lamination direction V, However, this can be replaced, and as shown in Figure 5, the shear tenons 15 and 18 are omitted. On the other hand, they will have the same thickness in the stacking direction V and each have the same thickness in the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis direction at right angles. C. Each of the plurality of steel plates 3 with 4 inner circumferential surfaces 53 arranged in 2 rows has the same thickness in the lamination direction V and each has 2 rows in both the bridge axis direction B and the bridge axis perpendicular direction C Among the plurality of rubber sheets 2 of the four inner peripheral surfaces 21 arranged, the uppermost and the lowermost rubber sheets 2 in the laminating direction V are alternately laminated with respect to each of the plurality of rubber sheets 2 and arranged and then vulcanized. Each of the plural rubber plates 2 can omit the bolts 10. On the other hand, the upper and lower rubber plates 2 are vulcanized on the lower surface 37 and the upper surface with their upper surface 22 and lower surface 23. Each of 48, in this case, each hollow portion 8 is bounded by a lower surface 37 and an upper surface 47 except for the quadrangular cylindrical inner peripheral surface 61 including a plurality of inner peripheral surfaces 21 and 53. In addition, in the anti-vibration support 1, the hollow portion 8 has the same distance L1 in the bridge axis direction between one of the opposite faces 71 of the lead core 9 and the right angle distance L2 in the bridge axis direction between the pair of faces 72. In other words, the upper end faces 64 and The lower end surface 65 is square, which is defined by the inner peripheral surface 61, the lower surface 62 and the upper surface 63, but it can be replaced by the bridge axis distance L1 between the opposite surface 71 of the lead core 9 and the bridge axis between the pair of surfaces 72 The distance L2 in the right-angle direction is different from each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the bridge axis distance L1 between the opposite faces 71 of the lead core 9 is greater than the bridge axis linear distance L2 between the pair of faces 72. In other words, the upper end faces 64 and The lower end surface 65 is rectangular, and the inner peripheral surface 61, the lower surface 62 and the upper surface 63 define the hollow portion 8 of the lead core 9 to be densely filled. In addition, in the above-mentioned seismic support 1, each ridge line 82 of the lead core 9 made of a column extending in the layering direction V and each pair of ridge lines 83 of the upper end surface 64 and the lower end surface 65 facing each other in the layering direction V Can be chamfered, such as R-angle chamfering. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the lead core 9 made of a column, a pair of end faces 91 and 92 (corresponding to the upper end face 64 and the lower end face 65) facing each other in the layering direction V is each Alternatively, it is also possible to have a pair of curved surfaces 93 and 94 with a chamfer of each ridge line R extending in the direction of right angle to the bridge axis C of the pair of end surfaces 91 and 92, and a pair of curved surfaces 93 located in the bridge axis direction B The way of the flat surface 95 between and 94 is defined by the inner peripheral surface 61, the lower surface 62 and the upper surface 63 of the hollow portion 8. In addition, a pair of end surfaces 91 and 92 of the lead core 9 can each have a pair of curved surfaces 93 and 94 and a flat surface 95 instead of the shear tenons 15 and 18. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, In the stacking direction V, the lower surface 106 and the upper surface 107 each have a pair of curved surfaces 93 and 94, a flat surface 95, a pair of curved surfaces 103 and 104, and a flat surface 105. The four-cornered cylindrical cover members 108, 109 are The square upper surface 111 and the lower surface 112 are flush with the square upper surface 113 and the lower surface 114 of each of the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12, and are fitted and fixed to the upper flange plate 11 And each of the four-corner columnar through holes 101 and 102 of each of the lower flange plate 12. In the seismic support 1 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is effective in shear deformation of the lead core 9 in the bridge axis direction B caused by the vibration of the bridge pier 78 and the lower flange plate 12 in the bridge axis direction B The flow D of the upper end portions 123 and 124 of the lead core 9 of the upper end portions 121 and 122, which is one end of the layering direction V of the hollow portion 8 is ensured, so that the shockproof effect can be further improved. In the shock-proof support 1 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a pair of end faces 91 and 92 of the lead core 9 made of a column has a pair of curved faces 93 and 94 and a flat face 95, and the hollow part The inner peripheral surface 61 of the 8 and the lower surface 62 and the upper surface 63 constituted by the lower surface 106 and the upper surface 107 are defined, but this can be replaced, and the end surface 91 of the lead core 9 located above in the lamination direction V has a bridge The axis extending in the right-angle direction C of the axis includes a part of the upwardly convex cylindrical surface, and the end surface 92 located below in the stacking direction has the axis extending in the right-angle direction C of the bridge axis and includes a downwardly convex cylindrical surface For a part, in this case, each cylindrical surface may have a radius of curvature of less than one-half of the interval L1 in the bridge axis direction, preferably a radius of curvature of half the interval L1 in the bridge axis direction. However, in the above-mentioned earthquake-proof support 1, each of the laminated body 7 and the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12 has: each is parallel to the surface 71 and opposes each other in the direction of the bridge axis B. The rectangular surfaces 131, 132, and 133 of C, and a pair of rectangular surfaces 134, 135, and 136 in the bridge axis direction B that are parallel to surface 72 and opposite to each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis, but can also be substituted , And as shown in Figure 10, in addition to a plurality of annular rubber plates (not shown) and steel plate 3, and equipped with: cylindrical laminated body 7, which has a cylindrical rubber plate and steel plate 3 covered The cylindrical coating layer (peripheral protective layer) 6 on the outer peripheral surface; and the upper flange plate 11 and the lower flange plate 12 in the shape of a circular plate or ring. Furthermore, in any of the above-mentioned earthquake-proof supports 1, the shear tenons 15 and 18 are not limited to the quadrangular plate shape, and may also be circular plates. In this case, the recesses 13, 14, 16 and 17 may also be rounded The plate-shaped shear tenon 15 and 18 are closely embedded in a circular plate shape.

1‧‧‧防震支承2‧‧‧橡膠板3‧‧‧鋼板4‧‧‧外周面5‧‧‧外周面6‧‧‧被覆層7‧‧‧積層體8‧‧‧中空部9‧‧‧鉛心10‧‧‧螺栓11‧‧‧上凸緣板12‧‧‧下凸緣板13‧‧‧凹部14‧‧‧凹部15‧‧‧剪力榫16‧‧‧凹部17‧‧‧凹部18‧‧‧剪力榫21‧‧‧內周面22‧‧‧上表面23‧‧‧下表面31‧‧‧上表面32‧‧‧下表面33‧‧‧內周面34‧‧‧外周面35‧‧‧內周面36‧‧‧凹部底面37‧‧‧下表面41‧‧‧上表面42‧‧‧下表面43‧‧‧內周面44‧‧‧外周面45‧‧‧內周面46‧‧‧凹部頂面47‧‧‧上表面48‧‧‧上表面51‧‧‧上表面52‧‧‧下表面53‧‧‧內周面54‧‧‧外周面55‧‧‧外周面56‧‧‧內周面57‧‧‧外周面61‧‧‧內周面62‧‧‧下表面63‧‧‧上表面64‧‧‧上端面65‧‧‧下端面71‧‧‧面72‧‧‧面75‧‧‧地腳螺栓76‧‧‧橋桁77‧‧‧地腳螺栓78‧‧‧橋墩81‧‧‧橋梁82‧‧‧稜線83‧‧‧稜線91‧‧‧端面93‧‧‧端面95‧‧‧平坦面101‧‧‧貫通孔102‧‧‧貫通孔103‧‧‧彎曲面104‧‧‧彎曲面105‧‧‧平坦面108‧‧‧四角柱狀蓋構件109‧‧‧四角柱狀蓋構件111‧‧‧上表面112‧‧‧下表面113‧‧‧上表面114‧‧‧下表面121‧‧‧上端部122‧‧‧上端部131‧‧‧面132‧‧‧面133‧‧‧面134‧‧‧面135‧‧‧面136‧‧‧面A‧‧‧積層方向B‧‧‧橋軸方向C‧‧‧橋軸直角方向L1‧‧‧橋軸方向間隔L2‧‧‧橋軸直角方向間隔V‧‧‧積層方向VI-VI‧‧‧線II-II‧‧‧線1‧‧‧Anti-vibration support2‧‧‧Rubber plate 3‧‧‧Steel plate4‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface5‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface6‧‧‧Coating layer7‧‧‧Laminated body8‧‧‧Hollow part 9‧‧ ‧Lead core 10‧‧‧Bolt 11‧‧‧Upper flange plate 12‧‧‧Lower flange plate 13‧‧‧Concavity 14‧‧‧Concavity 15‧‧‧Shear tenon 16‧‧‧Concavity 17‧‧‧ Recess 18‧‧‧Shear tenon 21‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 22‧‧‧Upper surface 23‧‧‧Lower surface 31‧‧Upper surface 32‧‧‧Lower surface 33‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 34‧‧‧ Outer circumferential surface 35‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 36‧‧‧Concave bottom surface 37‧‧‧Lower surface 41‧‧‧Upper surface 42‧‧‧Lower surface 43‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 44‧‧‧Outer circumferential surface 45‧‧‧ Inner circumferential surface 46‧‧‧Concave top surface 47‧‧‧Upper surface 48‧‧‧Upper surface 51‧‧‧Upper surface 52‧‧Lower surface 53‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 54‧‧‧Outer circumferential surface 55‧‧ ‧Outer circumferential surface 56‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 57‧‧‧Outer circumferential surface 61‧‧‧Inner circumferential surface 62‧‧‧Lower surface 63‧‧‧Upper surface 64‧‧‧Upper end surface 65‧‧‧Lower end surface 71‧‧ ‧Face 72‧‧‧Face 75‧‧‧Anchor bolt 76‧‧‧Bridge truss 77‧‧‧Anchor bolt 78‧‧‧Bridge pier 81‧‧ Bridge 82‧‧‧ridgeline 83‧‧‧ridgeline 91‧‧‧ End surface 93‧‧‧End surface 95‧‧‧Flat surface 101‧‧‧Through hole 102‧‧‧Through hole 103‧‧‧Curved surface 104‧‧‧Curved surface 105‧‧‧Flat surface 108‧‧‧Flat surface Member 109‧‧‧Four-corner cylindrical cover member 111‧‧‧Upper surface 112‧‧‧Lower surface 113‧‧‧Upper surface 114‧‧Lower surface 121‧‧‧Upper end 122‧‧‧Upper end 131‧‧‧ Surface 132‧‧‧ Surface 133‧‧‧ Surface 134‧‧‧ Surface 135‧‧‧ Surface 136‧‧‧ Surface A‧‧‧Laminating direction B‧‧‧Bridge axis direction C‧‧‧Bridge axis right angle direction L1‧‧ ‧Bridge axis direction interval L2‧‧‧Bridge axis right angle direction interval V‧‧‧Laminating direction VI-VI‧‧‧Line II-II‧‧‧Line

圖1係本發明之較佳實施形態之一具體例之剖視說明圖。 圖2係圖1之例之II-II線箭視剖視說明圖。 圖3係圖1之例之鉛心之詳細立體說明圖。 圖4係圖1之例之動作說明圖。 圖5係本發明較佳實施形態之另一具體例之剖視說明圖。 圖6係圖5之例之VI-VI線箭視剖視說明圖。 圖7係本發明之較佳實施形態之又一具體例之相當於圖6之剖視說明圖。 圖8係本發明較佳實施形態之又一具體例之剖視說明圖。 圖9係圖8之例之鉛心及蓋構件之詳細立體說明圖。 圖10係本發明之較佳實施形態之又一具體例之剖視說明圖。Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a specific example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the II-II line arrow cross-sectional view of the example in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detailed perspective explanatory view of the lead core of the example of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional explanatory diagram of another specific example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the VI-VI line arrow cross-sectional view of the example of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory view corresponding to Fig. 6 of another specific example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another specific example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a detailed perspective explanatory view of the lead core and the cover member of the example of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another specific example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1‧‧‧防震支承 1‧‧‧Shockproof support

3‧‧‧鋼板 3‧‧‧Steel plate

5‧‧‧外周面 5‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface

6‧‧‧被覆層 6‧‧‧Coating

7‧‧‧積層體 7‧‧‧Layered body

8‧‧‧中空部 8‧‧‧Hollow part

9‧‧‧鉛心 9‧‧‧Lead Heart

10‧‧‧螺栓 10‧‧‧Bolt

12‧‧‧下凸緣板 12‧‧‧Lower flange plate

53‧‧‧內周面 53‧‧‧Inner peripheral surface

54‧‧‧外周面 54‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface

55‧‧‧外周面 55‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface

56‧‧‧內周面 56‧‧‧Inner peripheral surface

57‧‧‧外周面 57‧‧‧Outer peripheral surface

61‧‧‧內周面 61‧‧‧Inner peripheral surface

71‧‧‧面 71‧‧‧Noodles

72‧‧‧面 72‧‧‧Noodles

131‧‧‧面 131‧‧‧Noodles

133‧‧‧面 133‧‧‧Noodles

134‧‧‧面 134‧‧‧noodles

135‧‧‧面 135‧‧‧noodles

136‧‧‧面 136‧‧‧noodles

B‧‧‧橋軸方向 B‧‧‧Bridge axis direction

C‧‧‧橋軸直角方向 C‧‧‧Bridge axis right angle direction

Claims (16)

一種橋梁用之防震支承，其包含：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性層及剛性層；中空部，其密閉設置於該積層體之內部；及振動衰減體，其密實地填充於該中空部，且使積層體之橋軸方向之振動衰減；且振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋梁之橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋梁之橋軸直角方向之面、及於該橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面。 An anti-vibration support for a bridge, comprising: a laminated body with alternate laminated elastic layers and rigid layers; a hollow part hermetically arranged inside the laminated body; and a vibration attenuator body densely filled in the hollow part , And attenuate the vibration in the direction of the bridge axis of the laminated body; and the vibration attenuator includes a column body having: a pair of planes facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis of the bridge at right angles to the bridge axis direction of the bridge, and A pair of surfaces facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis. 一種橋梁用之防震支承，其包含：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性層及剛性層；複數個中空部，其密閉設置於該積層體之內部，且於橋軸方向排列有複數個；及振動衰減體，其密實地填充於該複數個中空部各者，且使積層體之橋軸方向之振動衰減；且各振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面、及於橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面。 An earthquake-proof support for a bridge, comprising: a laminated body with alternate laminated elastic layers and rigid layers; a plurality of hollow parts, which are sealed and arranged inside the laminated body and arranged in the direction of the bridge axis; and The vibration attenuating body is densely filled in each of the plurality of hollow parts and attenuates the vibration in the direction of the bridge axis of the laminated body; and each vibration attenuating body includes a column, the column having: opposite to each other in the direction of the bridge axis A pair of planes facing at right angles to the bridge axis, and a pair of planes facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles. 一種橋梁用之防震支承，其包含：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性層及剛性層；複數個中空部，其密閉設置於該積層體之內部，且於橋軸直角方向排列有複數個；及振動衰減體，其密實地填充於該複數個中空部各者，且使積層體之橋軸方向之振動衰減；且各振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面、及於橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面。 An earthquake-proof support for a bridge, comprising: a laminated body with alternate laminated elastic layers and rigid layers; a plurality of hollow parts, which are sealed and arranged inside the laminated body, and are arranged at right angles to the axis of the bridge; And a vibration attenuating body, which is densely filled in each of the plurality of hollow parts, and attenuates vibration in the direction of the bridge axis of the laminated body; and each vibration attenuation body includes a column, the column having: mutual in the direction of the bridge axis A pair of faces facing the bridge axis at right angles and a pair of faces facing each other in the bridge axis direction at right angles. 一種橋梁用之防震支承，其包含：積層體，其具有交替積層之彈性 層及剛性層；複數個中空部，其密閉設置於該積層體之內部，且於橋軸直角方向排列有複數行、於橋軸方向排列有複數個；及振動衰減體，其密實地填充於該複數個中空部各者，且使積層體之橋軸方向之振動衰減；且各振動衰減體包含柱體，該柱體具有：於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面、及於橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面。 An earthquake-proof support for bridges, comprising: laminated body, which has the elasticity of alternating laminated layers Layer and rigid layer; a plurality of hollow parts, which are airtightly arranged inside the laminated body, and arranged in a plurality of rows at right angles to the axis of the bridge, and arranged in the direction of the bridge axis; and a vibration attenuator, which is densely filled in Each of the plurality of hollow parts attenuates the vibration in the direction of the bridge axis of the laminated body; and each vibration attenuator includes a column, the column has: a pair of the bridge axis in the direction of the bridge axis facing each other at right angles A pair of surfaces facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis. 如請求項1至4中任一項之橋梁用防震支承，其中於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面之間的橋軸方向間隔、與於橋軸直角方向上相互對向之一對橋軸方向之面之間的橋軸直角方向間隔，互為相同或互不相同。 Such as the earthquake-proof support for a bridge of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bridge axis direction interval between a pair of surfaces facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis is mutually The distance between the planes facing a pair of bridge axis directions at right angles to the bridge axis is the same or different from each other. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中柱體之於積層方向延伸之各稜線形成倒角。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 1, in which each ridge line of the column extending in the stacking direction forms a chamfer. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面之於橋軸直角方向延伸之各稜線，形成倒角。 For example, the seismic support for bridges of claim 1, in which the ridge lines extending at right angles to the bridge axis of a pair of end faces of the column opposite to each other in the stacking direction form a chamfer. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面之各者具有：該一對端面之於橋軸直角方向延伸之各稜線經R角倒角加工形成之一對彎曲面、及位於橋軸方向之一對彎曲面間之平坦面。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 1, wherein each of a pair of end faces of the column opposite to each other in the stacking direction has: each ridge line extending at right angles to the bridge axis of the pair of end faces is chamfered by R angle A pair of curved surfaces and a flat surface located between the pair of curved surfaces in the direction of the bridge axis are formed. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面中位於積層方向上方之端面，具有於橋軸直角方向延伸之軸心且 包含向上凸之圓筒面之一部分，柱體之於積層方向上相互對向之一對端面中位於積層方向下方之端面，具有於橋軸直角方向延伸之軸心，且包含之向下凸之圓筒面之一部分。 For example, the earthquake-proof support for a bridge in claim 1, wherein the end face of a pair of end faces facing each other in the stacking direction, which is located above the stacking direction, has an axis extending at right angles to the bridge axis and Contains a part of the cylindrical surface that is convex upwards. The end surface of the column opposite to each other in the stacking direction is located below the stacking direction and has an axis extending at right angles to the bridge axis, and includes a downward convex Part of the cylindrical surface. 如請求項9之橋梁用防震支承，其中各圓筒面具有於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面之間之橋軸方向間隔之一半以下的曲率半徑。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 9, wherein each cylindrical surface has a curvature radius of less than one-half of the bridge axis direction interval between a pair of surfaces facing each other in the bridge axis direction at right angles to the bridge axis. 如請求項9之橋梁用防震支承，其中各圓筒面具有於橋軸方向上相互對向之一對橋軸直角方向之面之間之橋軸方向間隔之一半的曲率半徑。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 9, wherein each cylindrical surface has a radius of curvature that is one-half of the bridge axis direction between a pair of surfaces facing each other in the direction of the bridge axis at right angles to the bridge axis. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中振動衰減體包含以塑性變形進行振動能之吸收之衰減材料。 For example, the seismic support for bridges of claim 1, wherein the vibration attenuator includes an attenuating material that absorbs vibration energy by plastic deformation. 如請求項12之橋梁用防震支承，其中衰減材料包含鉛、錫、鋅、鋁、銅、鎳、或該等之合金或非鉛系低熔點合金。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 12, where the attenuation material includes lead, tin, zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, or these alloys or non-lead-based low melting point alloys. 如請求項1之橋梁用防震支承，其中振動衰減體包含以塑性流動進行振動能之吸收之衰減材料。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 1, wherein the vibration attenuator includes an attenuating material that absorbs vibration energy by plastic flow. 如請求項14之橋梁用防震支承，其中衰減材料包含熱塑性樹脂或熱硬化性樹脂、及橡膠粉。 For example, the seismic support for bridges in claim 14, wherein the attenuation material includes thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, and rubber powder. 一種橋梁，其包含：請求項1至15中任一項之防震支承、固定支持該防震支承下端之橋墩、及固定支持防震支承上端之橋桁。 A bridge comprising: the earthquake-proof support of any one of claims 1 to 15, a bridge pier fixedly supporting the lower end of the earthquake-proof support, and a bridge truss fixedly supporting the upper end of the earthquake-proof support.
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