TWI714542B - A nematicidal composition and the use thereof - Google Patents
A nematicidal composition and the use thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明涉及一種殺線蟲組合物。本發明還涉及上述組合物在控制線蟲以及提高植物和/或植物部分的生長中的用途，所述線蟲包括玉米短體線蟲(Pratylenchus zeae)、爪哇根結線蟲(Meloidogyne javanica)、短尾短體線蟲(Pratylenchus brachyurus)、短小根結線蟲(Meloidogyne exigua)、南方根結線蟲(Meloidogyne incognita)、大豆包囊線蟲(Heterodera glycines)、腎形腎狀線蟲(Rotylenchulus reniformis)。 The present invention relates to a nematicidal composition. The present invention also relates to the use of the above-mentioned composition in controlling nematodes and improving the growth of plants and/or plant parts. The nematodes include Pratylenchus zeae , Meloidogyne javanica , and Brachytura Nematode Pratylenchus brachyurus , Meloidogyne exigua , Meloidogyne incognita , Heterodera glycines , Rotylenchulus reniformis .
線蟲是一種幾乎透明、肉眼不可見的小型蠕蟲。線蟲的長度通常為0.3到3.0毫米。儘管線蟲尺寸較小，但其導致了每年約12%的農產品損失，這對應於作物上的數百萬美元的損失(SASSER & FRECKMAN,1987)。線蟲通常以植物的根或枝條為食。它們減少了水分和營養的吸收和輸送。一系列植物可被線蟲所寄生，包括甘蔗、大豆、玉米、咖啡和棉花之類的作物。線蟲在田地中以點狀/矮林形式侵害，且極少在田地中擴散。被線蟲侵害的植物可表現出營養不良以及與健康植物相比的生長減緩的症狀。確認線蟲的存在需要對土壤和根進行取樣和實施實驗室分析。 Nematodes are small worms that are almost transparent and invisible to the naked eye. The length of the nematode is usually 0.3 to 3.0 mm. Although nematodes are small in size, they cause about 12% of the annual loss of agricultural products, which corresponds to millions of dollars in crop losses (SASSER & FRECKMAN, 1987). Nematodes usually feed on the roots or branches of plants. They reduce the absorption and delivery of water and nutrients. A range of plants can be parasitic by nematodes, including crops such as sugarcane, soybeans, corn, coffee, and cotton. Nematodes infest the fields in the form of spots/brown forests and rarely spread in the fields. Plants infested by nematodes can show symptoms of malnutrition and slower growth compared to healthy plants. Confirming the presence of nematodes requires soil and root sampling and laboratory analysis.
現有的控制線蟲的方法非常有限。作為通常實施的處理的一個例子是利用蒸汽對被污染的土壤進行加熱。然而，蒸汽處理在技術上是 困難的，且對於一般施用在田野間而言成本太高。 The existing methods of controlling nematodes are very limited. As an example of a commonly performed treatment, steam is used to heat contaminated soil. However, steam treatment is technically Difficult and cost too high for general application in the field.
因此，非常需要一種控制作物中的線蟲的改進技術，尤其需要殺線蟲組合物和控制線蟲以及其他植物害蟲和病原的方法。如果與現有的處理技術相比，殺線蟲組合物可方便地使用且以低成本使用和製造，則是有利的。 Therefore, there is a great need for an improved technique for controlling nematodes in crops, especially nematicidal compositions and methods for controlling nematodes and other plant pests and pathogens. It is advantageous if the nematicidal composition can be conveniently used and used and manufactured at low cost compared with existing treatment technologies.
目前令人驚異的發現是，硫敵克(thiodicarb)在控制一系列植物中的線蟲上表現出了高活性，所述線蟲包括玉米短體線蟲、爪哇根結線蟲、短尾短體線蟲、短小根結線蟲、南方根結線蟲、大豆包囊線蟲、腎形腎狀線蟲。已經發現硫敵克對在非轉基因植物如甘蔗、大豆、棉花、玉米和咖啡中控制線蟲是特別有效的。此外，含有硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物也被發現可促進植物和/或植物部分的生長。 The surprising discovery at present is that thiodicarb has shown high activity in controlling nematodes in a series of plants, the nematodes include Brachymeria maize, Meloidogyne javanica, Brachyura, Brachyura, Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, soybean cyst nematode, kidney-shaped nematode. Thiadiac has been found to be particularly effective in controlling nematodes in non-transgenic plants such as sugarcane, soybean, cotton, corn and coffee. In addition, nematicidal compositions containing thiodicarb have also been found to promote the growth of plants and/or plant parts.
因此，在第一方面，本發明提供一種植物中控制線蟲的殺線蟲組合物，該組合物包含硫敵克。 Therefore, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a nematicidal composition for controlling nematodes in plants, the composition comprising sulfadiazine.
在另一方面，本發明提供硫敵克在植物中控制線蟲的用途。 In another aspect, the present invention provides the use of Thiadix to control nematodes in plants.
在又一方面，本發明提供在一位置控制植物中線蟲的方法，該方法包括向該位置施用硫敵克。 In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method of controlling nematodes in a plant at a location, the method comprising applying thiodecyl to the location.
另外，本發明提供一種促進植物或植物部分的生長的方法，其包括對植物或植物部分施用硫敵克。 In addition, the present invention provides a method for promoting the growth of plants or plant parts, which comprises applying thiodecyl to the plants or plant parts.
本發明進一步提供硫敵克在促進植物或植物部分的生長中的用途。 The present invention further provides the use of Thiadix in promoting the growth of plants or plant parts.
硫敵克的化學名稱為3,7,9,13-四甲基-5,11-二氧雜-2,8,14-三硫雜-4,7,9,12-四-氮雜十五-3,12-二烯-6,10-二酮，是一種具有以下化學結構的胺基甲酸酯：
A.A.Sousa等(J.Econ.Entomol.,1977,70,803)對於硫敵克作為殺蟲劑進行了報導，H.S.Yang & D.E.Thurman(Proc.Br.Crop Prot.Conf.-Pests Dis.,1981,3,687)對其進行了綜述。 AASousa et al. (J. Econ. Entomol., 1977, 70, 803) reported on Thiadix as a pesticide, HS Yang & DEThurman (Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf.-Pests Dis., 1981, 3, 687) ) Reviewed it.
本文中所用的「植物」，指的是所有植物和植物種群，例如需要或不需要的野生植物、作物、非轉基因植物，但轉基因植物不包括在內。 As used herein, "plants" refer to all plants and plant populations, such as wild plants, crops, and non-transgenic plants that are needed or not, but transgenic plants are not included.
本文所用的「植物部分」，指的是植物的所有部分和器官，例如枝條、葉、針葉、莖、幹、子實體、果實、種子、根、塊莖和根莖。還包括收穫的材料，以及無性繁殖材料和有性繁殖材料，例如，插枝、塊莖、分生組織、根莖、側枝、種子、單植物細胞和多植物細胞，以及任何其它植物組織。 As used herein, "plant part" refers to all parts and organs of a plant, such as branches, leaves, needles, stems, stems, fruiting bodies, fruits, seeds, roots, tubers and rhizomes. It also includes harvested material, as well as vegetative propagation material and generative propagation material, for example, cuttings, tubers, meristems, rhizomes, lateral branches, seeds, single plant cells and multiple plant cells, and any other plant tissues.
本文所用的「周圍」指的是所述植物生長的地點，所述植物的植物繁殖材料播種的地點，或者所述植物的植物繁殖材料將被播種的地點。 "Around" as used herein refers to the place where the plant grows, the place where the plant propagation material of the plant is sown, or the place where the plant propagation material of the plant will be sown.
本文所用的「線蟲」，指的是植物線蟲，也就是引起植物損傷的寄生於植物的線蟲。植物線蟲涵蓋寄生於植物的線蟲以及生活在土壤中的線蟲。 As used herein, "nematodes" refer to plant nematodes, that is, nematodes parasitic on plants that cause plant damage. Plant nematodes include nematodes that parasitize plants and nematodes that live in the soil.
「促進生長」或「提高生長」指與不施用本發明的殺線蟲組合物但在相同條件下相同植物的生長相比，植物的可測量的生長提高。 "Promoting growth" or "increasing growth" refers to a measurable increase in the growth of a plant compared to the growth of the same plant under the same conditions without applying the nematicidal composition of the present invention.
施用本發明的組合物或方法，可將植物的生長提高至少約1%、2%、4%、5%、10%、20%、50%、75%、100%、150%或200%。 Application of the composition or method of the present invention can increase the growth of plants by at least about 1%, 2%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, or 200%.
另外，本發明可用於提高得到保護的植物的產量。產量可通過但不限於以下來進行測量：產品的產量；植物重量、植物或任一植物部分的鮮重、植物或任一植物部分的乾重、植物含有的特定成分，包括但不限於糖含量、澱粉含量、油含量、蛋白質含量、維生素含量、葉面積、莖體積、株高、枝高、根長、枝條鮮物質、根鮮物質、或對本領域技術人員而言顯而易見的任意方法。 In addition, the present invention can be used to increase the yield of protected plants. Yield can be measured by but not limited to the following: the yield of the product; the weight of the plant, the fresh weight of the plant or any plant part, the dry weight of the plant or any plant part, the specific ingredients contained in the plant, including but not limited to sugar content , Starch content, oil content, protein content, vitamin content, leaf area, stem volume, plant height, branch height, root length, branch fresh matter, root fresh matter, or any method obvious to those skilled in the art.
在一個方面中，本發明提供包含有有效量的硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物，用於在植物中控制和對抗線蟲。組合物對於在植物、植物部分和/或它們周圍中控制玉米短體線蟲、爪哇根結線蟲、短尾短體線蟲、短小根結線蟲、南方根結線蟲、大豆包囊線蟲、腎形腎狀線蟲尤其有效。 In one aspect, the present invention provides a nematicidal composition containing an effective amount of Thiadix for controlling and fighting nematodes in plants. The composition is useful for the control of Brachyidia maize, Meloidogyne javanica, Brachyura brachyura, Meloidogyne brachycarpus, Meloidogyne incognita, Soybean cyst nematode, kidney-shaped nematode in plants, plant parts and/or their surroundings Nematodes are especially effective.
在另一個方面中，本發明提供通過對植物、植物部分或它們周圍施用可殺線蟲的量的硫敵克來在植物中控制和對抗線蟲的方法。如上所述，該方法對於控制玉米短體線蟲、爪哇根結線蟲、短尾短體線蟲、短小根結線蟲、南方根結線蟲、大豆包囊線蟲、腎形腎狀線蟲尤其有效。 In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of controlling and combating nematodes in plants by applying a nematicidal amount of Thiadix to plants, plant parts, or their surroundings. As described above, this method is particularly effective for controlling Brachymeria maize, Meloidogyne javanica, Brachyura brachyura, Meloidogyne brachycarpus, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne incognita, and kidney nematodes.
將本發明的組合物或方法施用於植物、植物部分或它們周圍，可提高植物的生長和/或產量。因此，本發明的組合物和方法也被認為提高了植物的生長和/或產量。 Applying the composition or method of the present invention to plants, plant parts or their surroundings can increase plant growth and/or yield. Therefore, the compositions and methods of the present invention are also believed to increase plant growth and/or yield.
在一個實施方式中，以本方法和組合物處理的植物或它們周圍受線蟲、尤其是上述線蟲感染。 In one embodiment, plants treated with the method and composition or their surroundings are infected with nematodes, especially the nematodes mentioned above.
本發明中，植物中的線蟲經施用硫敵克而被控制。硫敵克通常以組合物的方式使用。硫敵克可以以任意適合的量存在於組合物中。在本發明的一些實施方式中，硫敵克以約1重量%到約90重量%的量存 在，較佳約10重量%到約85重量%，更佳約20重量%到約80重量%。 In the present invention, nematodes in plants are controlled by the application of Thiadix. Thiadrac is usually used in the form of a composition. Thiadrac can be present in the composition in any suitable amount. In some embodiments of the present invention, thiodicarb is stored in an amount of about 1% to about 90% by weight. Here, it is preferably about 10% by weight to about 85% by weight, more preferably about 20% by weight to about 80% by weight.
本發明的殺線蟲組合物和方法適合處理大範圍作物的植物，包括穀類例如小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、玉米、水稻、高粱、黑小麥和相關作物；水果如梨果、核果和無核小水果例如蘋果、葡萄、梨子、李子、桃子、杏、開心果、和櫻桃，以及漿果例如草莓、樹莓、和黑莓；豆科植物例如豆、小扁豆、豌豆和大豆；甘蔗；油料植物例如油菜、芥菜、和向日葵；葫蘆科例如葫蘆、黃瓜和西瓜；纖維植物例如棉花、亞麻、***、和黃麻；柑橘例如四季橘、香櫞(citrus citron)、柑橘雜交體(包括柚橙、橘柚、和橘橙)、柚子、金橘、檸檬、酸橙、柑橘(桔子)、苦橙、甜橙、文旦和溫州蜜柑；蔬菜例如菠菜、萵苣、蘆筍、甘藍、胡蘿蔔、洋蔥、番茄、馬鈴薯、和紅辣椒；咖啡；以及觀賞植物如花例如玫瑰、灌木、闊葉樹和常綠植物例如松柏類。 The nematicidal composition and method of the present invention are suitable for processing plants of a wide range of crops, including cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, corn, rice, sorghum, triticale and related crops; fruits such as pears, stone fruits and seedless Small fruits such as apples, grapes, pears, plums, peaches, apricots, pistachios, and cherries, and berries such as strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries; legumes such as beans, lentils, peas, and soybeans; sugarcane; oil plants such as Rape, mustard, and sunflower; Cucurbitaceae such as gourd, cucumber, and watermelon; fiber plants such as cotton, flax, hemp, and jute; citrus such as four seasons tangerine, citron (citrus citron), citrus hybrids (including pomelo orange, tangerine Grapefruit, and tangerine), grapefruit, kumquat, lemon, lime, citrus (orange), bitter orange, sweet orange, pomelo, and Wenzhou mandarin; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes , And red pepper; coffee; and ornamental plants such as flowers such as roses, shrubs, broad-leaved trees and evergreen plants such as conifers.
在一些實施方式中，本發明的殺線蟲組合物和方法施用於非轉基因植物。在某些實施方式中，本發明的殺線蟲組合物和方法用於處理豆科植物、甘蔗、纖維植物、穀類和咖啡。在一些實施方式中，本發明的殺線蟲組合物和方法用於處理大豆、甘蔗、棉花、玉米和咖啡。 In some embodiments, the nematicidal compositions and methods of the invention are applied to non-transgenic plants. In certain embodiments, the nematicidal compositions and methods of the present invention are used to treat legumes, sugarcane, fiber plants, cereals, and coffee. In some embodiments, the nematicidal compositions and methods of the present invention are used to treat soybeans, sugar cane, cotton, corn, and coffee.
具體而言，本發明的殺線蟲組合物和方法可用於控制線蟲和其他植物害蟲和病原體，例如在大豆、甘蔗、棉花、玉米和咖啡中的玉米短體線蟲、爪哇根結線蟲、短尾短體線蟲、短小根結線蟲、南方根結線蟲、大豆包囊線蟲、腎形腎狀線蟲。 In particular, the nematicidal composition and method of the present invention can be used to control nematodes and other plant pests and pathogens, such as Brachyidia maize, Meloidogyne javanica, and Brachyura in soybean, sugar cane, cotton, corn and coffee. Somatic nematodes, short root knot nematodes, southern root knot nematodes, soybean cyst nematodes, kidney nematodes.
包含硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物可任選地包含一種或多種助劑。殺線蟲組合物所用的助劑將取決於製劑類型和/或最終用戶對所述製劑的施用方式。後文描述結合了本發明的殺線蟲組合物的製劑。可包含在本發明所述組合物中的合適的助劑均為常規製劑佐劑或組分，例如 增量劑、載劑、溶劑、表面活性劑、穩定劑、消泡劑、抗凍劑、防腐劑、抗氧化劑、著色劑、增稠劑、固體粘附劑和惰性填料。合適的助劑是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。其在本發明所述組合物的製劑中的用途應對本領域技術人員而言顯而易見。 The nematicidal composition containing thiodicarb may optionally contain one or more adjuvants. The adjuvants used in the nematicidal composition will depend on the type of formulation and/or the way the end user applies the formulation. The formulation incorporating the nematicidal composition of the present invention is described later. Suitable adjuvants that can be included in the composition of the present invention are all conventional formulation adjuvants or components, such as Extenders, carriers, solvents, surfactants, stabilizers, defoamers, antifreeze agents, preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, thickeners, solid adhesives and inert fillers. Suitable adjuvants are known in the art and are commercially available. Its use in the formulation of the composition of the present invention should be obvious to those skilled in the art.
所述殺線蟲組合物可包含一種或多種惰性填料。所述惰性填料是本領域已知的並且市售可得。合適的填料是固體形式，包括例如，天然的磨細的礦物質，例如高嶺土、礬土、滑石、白堊、石英、綠坡縷石、蒙脫石、和矽藻土，或合成的磨細的礦物質，例如高度分散的矽酸、氧化鋁、矽酸鹽和磷酸鈣以及磷酸氫鈣。用於顆粒劑的合適惰性填料包括，例如，碾碎且分級的天然礦物質，例如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白雲石，或合成的無機和有機磨細材料的顆粒，以及有機材料(例如鋸屑、椰子殼、玉米芯和煙草莖)的顆粒。 The nematicidal composition may include one or more inert fillers. The inert fillers are known in the art and are commercially available. Suitable fillers are in solid form and include, for example, natural ground minerals such as kaolin, alumina, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, and diatomaceous earth, or synthetic ground minerals Minerals, such as highly dispersed silicic acid, alumina, silicate and calcium phosphate, and calcium hydrogen phosphate. Suitable inert fillers for granules include, for example, crushed and classified natural minerals, such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, and dolomite, or particles of synthetic inorganic and organic ground materials, and organic materials ( Such as sawdust, coconut husks, corn cobs and tobacco stems).
所述殺線蟲組合物可包含一種或多種表面活性劑，其較佳是本質上非離子型、陽離子型和/或陰離子型的，以及具有良好乳化、分散和潤濕性質的表面活性劑混合物，這取決於待配製的活性化合物的性質。合適的表面活性劑是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。合適的陰離子表面活性劑可被稱為水溶性皂和水溶性合成表面活性化合物。可用的皂類包括高級脂肪酸(C10到C22)的鹼金屬鹽、鹼土金屬鹽或取代或未取代的銨鹽，例如油酸或硬脂酸或天然脂肪酸混合物的鈉或鉀鹽。所述表面活性劑可以是離子型或非離子型的乳化劑、分散劑或潤濕劑。可用的示例有聚丙烯酸的鹽、木質素磺酸的鹽、苯基磺酸或萘磺酸的鹽、環氧乙烷與脂肪醇或與脂肪酸或與脂肪胺的縮聚物、取代的酚(尤其是烷基酚)，磺基琥珀酸酯的鹽、牛磺酸衍生物(尤其是烷基牛磺酸鹽(alkyltaurate))，或聚乙氧基化酚或醇的磷酸酯。當活性化合物和/或惰性載體和/或助劑/佐劑不溶於水，並且用於所述組合物的最終施用的 載劑是水時，一般而言需要存在至少一種表面活性劑。 The nematicidal composition may contain one or more surfactants, which are preferably nonionic, cationic and/or anionic in nature, and surfactant mixtures with good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties, This depends on the nature of the active compound to be formulated. Suitable surfactants are known in the art and are commercially available. Suitable anionic surfactants can be referred to as water-soluble soaps and water-soluble synthetic surface-active compounds. Usable soaps include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or substituted or unsubstituted ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C 10 to C 22 ), such as sodium or potassium salts of oleic acid or stearic acid or natural fatty acid mixtures. The surfactant may be an ionic or non-ionic emulsifier, dispersant or wetting agent. Usable examples are the salt of polyacrylic acid, the salt of lignosulfonic acid, the salt of phenylsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid, the condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and fatty alcohol or fatty acid or fatty amine, substituted phenol (especially It is alkylphenol), sulfosuccinate salt, taurine derivative (especially alkyltaurate), or polyethoxylated phenol or alcohol phosphate. When the active compound and/or inert carrier and/or adjuvant/adjuvant are insoluble in water, and the carrier used for the final administration of the composition is water, it is generally required that at least one surfactant be present.
所述殺線蟲組合物可包含一種或多種聚合物穩定劑。可用於本發明的合適的聚合物穩定劑包括但不限於，聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、聚異戊二烯、單烯烴和二烯烴的共聚物、聚丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚胺基甲酸酯或聚醯胺。合適的穩定劑是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。 The nematicidal composition may include one or more polymer stabilizers. Suitable polymer stabilizers that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyisoprene, copolymers of monoolefins and dienes, polyacrylates, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, Polyurethane or polyamide. Suitable stabilizers are known in the art and are commercially available.
一般而言，認為上述表面活性劑和聚合物穩定劑使所述組合物具有穩定性，從而允許所述組合物的配製、貯存、運輸和施用。 In general, it is believed that the above-mentioned surfactants and polymer stabilizers provide stability to the composition, thereby allowing the formulation, storage, transportation, and application of the composition.
用於組合物的合適的消泡劑包括可常規用於農用化學品中為實現該目的的所有物質。合適的消泡劑是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。特佳的消泡劑是聚二甲基矽氧烷和全氟烷基膦酸的混合物，例如可從GE公司或康普頓公司(Compton)獲得的矽酮消泡劑。 Suitable defoamers for the composition include all substances that can be conventionally used in agrochemicals for this purpose. Suitable defoamers are known in the art and are commercially available. A particularly preferred defoamer is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and perfluoroalkylphosphonic acid, such as a silicone defoamer available from GE or Compton.
合適的有機溶劑可選自能夠使所用活性化合物完全溶解的所有常用有機溶劑。同樣地，用於活性成分的合適的有機溶劑是本領域已知的。以下可視為較佳物質：N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N-辛基吡咯烷酮、環己基-1-吡咯烷酮；或鏈烷烴、異鏈烷烴、環烷烴和芳烴的混合物(通常作為SOLVESSOTM200而得到)。合適的溶劑市售可得。 Suitable organic solvents can be selected from all common organic solvents capable of completely dissolving the active compound used. Likewise, suitable organic solvents for active ingredients are known in the art. The following can be regarded as preferable substances: N-methylpyrrolidone, N-octylpyrrolidone, cyclohexyl-1-pyrrolidone; or a mixture of paraffins, isoparaffins, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons (usually obtained as SOLVESSO TM 200). Suitable solvents are commercially available.
用於組合物的合適的防腐劑包括可常規用於該類型的農用化學組合物以實現該目的的所有物質，並且同樣是本領域中熟知的。可例舉的合適的示例包括PREVENTOL®(來自拜耳公司(Bayer AG))和PROXEL®(來自拜耳公司)。 Suitable preservatives for the composition include all substances that can be conventionally used in this type of agrochemical composition for this purpose, and are also well known in the art. Suitable examples may include include PREVENTOL ® (from Bayer (Bayer AG)), and PROXEL ® (from Bayer).
合適的抗氧化劑是可常規用於農用化學組合物以實現該目的的所有物質，如本領域中已知。較佳為丁基化的羥甲苯。 Suitable antioxidants are all substances that can be conventionally used in agrochemical compositions for this purpose, as known in the art. Preferably it is butylated hydroxytoluene.
合適的增稠劑包括可常規用於實現該目的的農用化學組合物的所有物質，例如黃原膠、PVOH、纖維素及其衍生物、粘土水合矽酸 鹽、鎂鋁矽酸鹽或其混合物。同樣地，此類增稠劑是本領域中已知的並且市售可得。 Suitable thickeners include all substances conventionally used in agrochemical compositions for this purpose, such as xanthan gum, PVOH, cellulose and its derivatives, clay hydrated silicic acid Salt, magnesium aluminum silicate or mixtures thereof. Likewise, such thickeners are known in the art and are commercially available.
所述殺線蟲組合物還包含一種或多種固體粘附劑。所述粘附劑是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。其包括有機粘附劑，包括增粘劑，例如纖維素或取代纖維素、天然和合成的聚合物，其為粉末、顆粒或網材形式，以及無機粘附劑，例如石膏、矽石或水泥。 The nematicidal composition also includes one or more solid adhesives. The adhesive is known in the art and is commercially available. It includes organic adhesives, including tackifiers, such as cellulose or substituted cellulose, natural and synthetic polymers, which are in the form of powder, granules or mesh, and inorganic adhesives, such as gypsum, silica or cement .
此外，取決於所述製劑，本發明的組合物還可包含水。 In addition, depending on the formulation, the composition of the present invention may also contain water.
在本發明的一些實施方式中，硫敵克可以以純的形式、或者更佳地以與至少一種如上所述的助劑一起被施用和使用。 In some embodiments of the invention, thiodicarb may be applied and used in pure form, or more preferably with at least one adjuvant as described above.
本發明的殺線蟲組合物可根據其使用情況而以不同方式進行配製。合適的製劑類型在本領域是已知的，且包括溶液(SL)、乳劑(EC)、水基乳劑(EW)、微乳劑(ME)、油型懸浮劑(OD)、可流動的懸液(FS)、水分散性粒劑(WG)、水溶性粒劑(SG)、水可分散性粉劑(WP)、水溶性粉劑(SP)、粒劑(GR)、膠囊粒劑(CG)、細粒劑(FG)、大粒劑(GG)、水性濃懸乳劑(SE)、微膠囊懸著劑(CS)，和微粒劑(MG)。較佳製劑類型包括水懸劑(SC)和水分散性粒劑(WG)。 The nematicidal composition of the present invention can be formulated in different ways according to its use. Suitable formulation types are known in the art and include solutions (SL), emulsions (EC), water-based emulsions (EW), microemulsions (ME), oil suspensions (OD), flowable suspensions (FS), water-dispersible granules (WG), water-soluble granules (SG), water-dispersible powder (WP), water-soluble powder (SP), granules (GR), capsule granules (CG), Fine granules (FG), large granules (GG), aqueous suspension emulsion (SE), microcapsule suspension (CS), and microgranules (MG). The preferred formulation types include water suspension (SC) and water dispersible granules (WG).
本發明的殺線蟲組合物還可含有用於得到特殊效果的其他活性成分，例如殺細菌劑、殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺線蟲劑、殺軟體動物劑或除草劑。或者，硫敵克可在本發明的方法中與一種或多種類似的活性成分聯用。提供上述活性的合適的化合物是本領域已知的，並且市售可得。其他活性成分和硫敵克可一起施用，例如如上所述的單獨組合物；或者分別施用，例如同時或連續地向四周施用。 The nematicidal composition of the present invention may also contain other active ingredients for obtaining special effects, such as bactericides, fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, molluscicides or herbicides. Alternatively, thiodicarb can be used in combination with one or more similar active ingredients in the method of the invention. Suitable compounds that provide the aforementioned activities are known in the art and are commercially available. The other active ingredients and thiodicarb can be applied together, for example, as a separate composition as described above; or separately, for example, simultaneously or consecutively to all sides.
在本發明的方法中，硫敵克可例如以本發明的殺線蟲組合物的方式施用於目標植物或感興趣的植物、一個或多個植物部分、或其周圍。 In the method of the present invention, thiodecyl can be applied to the target plant or plant of interest, one or more plant parts, or its surroundings, for example, in the form of the nematicidal composition of the present invention.
在另一個方面中，本發明提供一種在植物周圍控制線蟲和其他植物害蟲和病原體的方法，其包括向周圍施用包含硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物。 In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling nematodes and other plant pests and pathogens around plants, which comprises applying a nematicidal composition containing sulfadiazine to the surroundings.
如上所述，硫敵克的使用對提高植物和/或植物部分的生長是有效的，進而提高了植物的產量；該硫敵克的使用例如以含有有效量的硫敵克的本發明的殺線蟲組合物的方式。該提高植物和/或植物部分的生長的方法包括將一種含有有效量的硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物施用於植物、植物部分和/或它們周圍。在一些實施方式中，生長至少提高/促進了約5%。在另一些實施方式中，生長至少提高/促進了約10%。在一些實施方式中，生長至少提高/促進了約20%。在某些實施方式中，生長至少提高/促進了約50%。 As mentioned above, the use of thiovinal is effective to increase the growth of plants and/or plant parts, thereby increasing the yield of plants; the use of thiovinal is, for example, the use of thiovinacin of the present invention containing an effective amount of Nematode composition. The method for increasing the growth of plants and/or plant parts includes applying a nematicidal composition containing an effective amount of sulfadix to the plants, plant parts and/or their surroundings. In some embodiments, growth is increased/promoted by at least about 5%. In other embodiments, growth is increased/promoted by at least about 10%. In some embodiments, growth is increased/promoted by at least about 20%. In certain embodiments, growth is increased/promoted by at least about 50%.
通常，殺線蟲組合物可按照待處理位置的需要，以任意合適的比率施用硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物的方式來進行製備和施用。施用率可在寬範圍內且根據以下因素而定：土質，施用類型(葉部施用；拌種；施用於播種溝)，目標作物植物，所要控制的線蟲，各種情況下主要的天氣狀況，以及其他由施用類型、施用時機和目標作物決定的因素。通常，施用率為每公頃1到約3000克硫敵克(克/公頃)，尤其是100到3000克/公頃，較佳200到2500克/公頃。 Generally, the nematicidal composition can be prepared and applied by applying the nematicidal composition of Thiadix at any suitable ratio according to the needs of the site to be treated. The application rate can be in a wide range and depends on the following factors: soil quality, type of application (foliar application; seed dressing; application to sowing furrow), target crop plants, nematodes to be controlled, main weather conditions in each case, and Other factors are determined by application type, application timing and target crop. Generally, the application rate is from 1 to about 3000 grams of sulfadiq per hectare (g/ha), especially 100 to 3000 g/ha, preferably 200 to 2500 g/ha.
根據本發明的方法，包含硫敵克的殺線蟲組合物可以以如上所述的任意合適的形式進行施用，且對需要控制的位置的施用形式為進行單一處理或一系列處理，較佳在短間隔內施用，例如在同一天中。較佳多次施用殺線蟲組合物，尤其是2到5次，更佳3次。 According to the method of the present invention, the nematicidal composition containing thiocarbamate can be applied in any suitable form as described above, and the application form to the position that needs to be controlled is a single treatment or a series of treatments, preferably in a short period of time. Administer at intervals, for example on the same day. It is preferable to apply the nematicidal composition multiple times, especially 2 to 5 times, more preferably 3 times.
根據本發明的方法，殺線蟲組合物可在任意合適的時候進行施用。在本發明的一些實施方式中，殺線蟲組合物在種植前、種植中、或種植後施用於植物周圍。這樣的處理可以本領域已知的常規方法進行， 例如滴灌、噴灑、和土壤薰蒸。在一些實施方式中，殺線蟲組合物被施用於種子這樣的植物繁殖材料，例如種子包衣。這些施用方法和相應的施用機器在本領域中是已知的。 According to the method of the present invention, the nematicidal composition can be applied at any suitable time. In some embodiments of the present invention, the nematicidal composition is applied around the plant before, during, or after planting. Such treatment can be carried out by conventional methods known in the art, Examples include drip irrigation, spraying, and soil fumigation. In some embodiments, the nematicidal composition is applied to plant propagation materials such as seeds, such as seed coatings. These application methods and corresponding application machines are known in the art.
通過以下僅為示例性目的的實施例描述本發明的實施方式。除非特別說明，本說明書和申請專利範圍中，百分比以重量計。 The embodiments of the present invention are described by the following examples for illustrative purposes only. Unless otherwise specified, in this specification and the scope of the patent application, percentages are by weight.
按照下表所示的量混合硫敵克、TWEEN®80和N-甲基吡咯烷酮，得到均勻溶液。 Mix thiodicarb, TWEEN ® 80 and N-methylpyrrolidone in the amounts shown in the table below to obtain a homogeneous solution.
製備具有下表所示的組成的乳劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的可溼性粉劑：
製備具有下表所匯總的以下組成的水分散性粒劑製劑：
由水分散性粒劑，通過用適當量的水稀釋水分散性粒劑，得到所需濃度的水性懸液。 From the water-dispersible granules, by diluting the water-dispersible granules with an appropriate amount of water, an aqueous suspension of the desired concentration is obtained.
製備具有下表所示的組成的水懸劑製劑：
製備具有下表所匯總的組成的水分散性粒劑製劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的水分散性粒劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的種子處理用水懸劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的水分散性粒劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的水基乳劑製劑：
製備具有下表所示的組成的懸液製劑： Prepare a suspension formulation having the composition shown in the following table:
線蟲接種物由回收自位於巴西聖保羅Pacaembú州的甘蔗作物的玉米短體線蟲(Pratylenchus zeae)的純亞群製備。該純亞群由溫室中的粘土容器內的玉米植物(Zea mays L.)“DKB 390 PRO”繁殖。該亞群通過採用SANTOS等(2005)創造的二分法鑰匙(dicotomic key)基於臨時裝片中固定的成年雌性的形貌特徵於先前鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subpopulation of Pratylenchus zeae recovered from a sugarcane crop located in Pacaembú State, São Paulo, Brazil. This pure subpopulation is propagated by corn plants (Zea mays L.) "DKB 390 PRO" in clay containers in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified by using the dicotomic key created by SANTOS et al. (2005) based on the morphological characteristics of adult females fixed in the temporary mount.
將表1中所表示的組合物的3mL樣品均勻施加在土壤上以及甘蔗植物的根的附近。之後，所述甘蔗植物的根用包含不同發育階段的玉米短體線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複進行 5次。 A 3 mL sample of the composition shown in Table 1 was uniformly applied to the soil and the vicinity of the root of the sugarcane plant. After that, the roots of the sugarcane plants were inoculated with 10 mL suspensions containing Brachymeria maize at different developmental stages, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在甘蔗植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on sugarcane plants.
在施用90天後檢測甘蔗植物的枝高和植物枝條鮮物質。結果示於表2中。 After 90 days of application, the branch height of the sugarcane plants and the fresh substance of the branches of the plants were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
在45天和90天之後對所述甘蔗植物的10克根部樣品中不同發育階段中的玉米短體線蟲的數量計數。結果列於下表3。 After 45 days and 90 days, the numbers of Brachymia maize at different developmental stages in a 10 gram root sample of the sugarcane plant were counted. The results are listed in Table 3 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對甘蔗植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，甘蔗植物表現出顯著更強的枝條生長。 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the treatment of sugarcane plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematodes. Compared with the control group, the sugarcane plants showed significantly stronger shoot growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由回收自位於巴西聖保羅Pacaembú州的甘蔗作物的玉米短體線蟲(Pratylenchus zeae)的純亞群製備。該純亞群由溫室中的 粘土容器內的玉米植物(Zea mays L.)“DKB 390 PRO”繁殖。該亞群通過採用SANTOS等(2005)創造的二分法鑰匙(dicotomic key)基於臨時裝片中固定的成年雌性的形貌特徵於先前鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subpopulation of Pratylenchus zeae recovered from a sugarcane crop located in Pacaembú State, São Paulo, Brazil. This pure subpopulation consists of The corn plant (Zea mays L.) "DKB 390 PRO" propagated in the clay container. This subgroup was previously identified by using the dicotomic key created by SANTOS et al. (2005) based on the morphological characteristics of adult females fixed in the temporary mount.
將表4中所表示的組合物的3mL樣品均勻施加在土壤上以及植物的根的附近。之後，在不同發育階段所述甘蔗植物的根用包含玉米短體線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複5進行次。 A 3 mL sample of the composition shown in Table 4 was uniformly applied on the soil and near the root of the plant. Afterwards, the roots of the sugarcane plants at different developmental stages were inoculated with 10 mL of suspension containing Brachymeria maize, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
在接種後135天對所述植物的根中的線蟲卵的數量計數。結果列於下表5。 The number of nematode eggs in the roots of the plants was counted 135 days after the inoculation. The results are listed in Table 5 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對甘蔗植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲卵數量。 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the treatment of sugarcane plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematode eggs.
線蟲接種物由保留自溫室中的鈷土容器中的大豆植物(Glycine max L.)的爪哇根結線蟲(Meloidogyne javanica)的純亞群製備。該亞群 基於TAYLOR和NETSCHER(1974)製備的會陰表樣的形貌特點，基於雄性的口區域的形貌(EISENBACK等，1981)，並且基於通過ESBENSHADE和TRIANTAPHYLLOU(1990)的技術採用傳統垂直電泳系統，即伯樂公司(BIO-RAD)的Mini Protean II獲得的酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subgroup of Meloidogyne javanica from soybean plants (Glycine max L.) kept in a cobalt soil container in a greenhouse. The subgroup Based on the morphological characteristics of the perineum surface prepared by TAYLOR and NETSCHER (1974), based on the morphology of the male mouth area (EISENBACK et al., 1981), and based on the technology of ESBENSHADE and TRIANTAPHYLLOU (1990) using a traditional vertical electrophoresis system, namely The isoenzyme phenotype of the esterase obtained by BIO-RAD's Mini Protean II was previously identified.
將以下表6中匯總的組合物的3mL樣品以表中示出的比例均勻施加在土壤上以及根的附近。這之後，將甘蔗植物的根用包含5000枚卵(玉米短體線蟲和爪哇根結線蟲)和二期幼年型爪哇根結線蟲的10mL的懸液接種，之後根用土壤覆蓋。重複進行5次。另外，根據分析，爪哇根結線蟲和玉米短體線蟲也在提取的根的懸液中被發現。 A 3 mL sample of the composition summarized in Table 6 below was applied uniformly on the soil and near the roots at the ratio shown in the table. After that, the roots of the sugarcane plants were inoculated with 10 mL of suspension containing 5000 eggs (Brachysema maize and Meloidogyne javanica) and the second-stage juvenile Meloidogyne javanica, and then the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times. In addition, according to analysis, Meloidogyne javanica and Brachymeria maize were also found in the suspension of the extracted roots.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在甘蔗植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on sugarcane plants.
在施用後100天檢測甘蔗植物的枝高。結果列於下表7。 The branch height of the sugarcane plants was measured 100 days after application. The results are listed in Table 7 below.
在施用後100天對根中不同發育階段中的爪哇根結線蟲的數量、10克根部中的不同發育階段中的爪哇根結線蟲的數量、10克根部中的不同發育階段中的玉米短體線蟲的數量、根中線蟲卵數量進行計數。結果列於下表8。 100 days after application, the number of root knot nematodes in different development stages in the roots, the number of root knot nematodes in different development stages in 10 grams of roots, and the corn short bodies in different development stages in 10 grams of roots Count the number of nematodes and the number of nematode eggs in the root. The results are listed in Table 8 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對甘蔗植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，甘蔗植物表現出顯著更強的枝條生長。 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the treatment of sugarcane plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematodes. Compared with the control group, the sugarcane plants showed significantly stronger shoot growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由保留自溫室中的粘土容器中的番茄(Solanum lycopersicom L.)的爪哇根結線蟲(Meloidogyne javanica)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於TAYLOR和NETSCHER(1974)製備的會陰表樣的形貌特點，基於雄性的口區域的形貌(EISENBACK等，1981)，並且基於通過ESBENSHADE和TRIANTAPHYLLOU(1990)的技術採用傳統垂直電泳系統，即伯樂公司(BIO-RAD)的Mini Protean II獲得的酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subgroup of Meloidogyne javanica (Meloidogyne javanica) kept from tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) in a clay container in a greenhouse. This subgroup is based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface prepared by TAYLOR and NETSCHER (1974), based on the morphology of the male mouth area (EISENBACK et al., 1981), and is based on the technology of ESBENSHADE and TRIANTAPHYLLOU (1990) using traditional vertical electrophoresis The system, the isoenzyme phenotype of the esterase obtained by BIO-RAD's Mini Protean II, was previously identified.
從所述番茄的根部製備包含卵和二期幼年型(J2)的懸液。將10mL的懸液與茄子一同接種持續22天。這之後，將茄子移植至罐，並保持在溫室中。100天後，將所述茄子的根清洗並在混合器中用0.5%的次氯酸鈉碾碎。然後，使所述懸液通過500(0.025mm開口)上的200目(0.074mm開口)的篩網。將保留在500目網篩上的卵和幼年型收集並清洗。 A suspension containing eggs and second-stage juvenile (J2) is prepared from the root of the tomato. 10 mL of the suspension was inoculated with eggplant for 22 days. After that, the eggplants were transplanted into pots and kept in the greenhouse. After 100 days, the roots of the eggplant were washed and crushed with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite in a mixer. Then, the suspension was passed through a 200 mesh (0.074 mm opening) screen on a 500 (0.025 mm opening). The eggs and juveniles retained on the 500 mesh screen are collected and washed.
用表9所示的組合物對大豆種子進行處理。然後，種子用包含5000枚卵和二期幼年型爪哇根結線蟲的3mL懸液接種。 The soybean seeds were treated with the composition shown in Table 9. Then, the seeds were inoculated with 3 mL of suspension containing 5000 eggs and the second-stage juvenile Meloidogyne javanica.
播種19天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在大豆植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 19 days of sowing, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on soybean plants.
在播種後52天對大豆植物的10克的根上的蟲癭的數量計數。結果列於下表10。 The number of galls on 10 grams of roots of soybean plants was counted 52 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 10 below.
在播種52天後對10克大豆根中的卵和爪哇根結線蟲的數量進行計數。結果列於下表11。 The number of eggs and root knot nematodes in 10 grams of soybean roots was counted 52 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
在施用52天和90天後檢測大豆植物的根長。結果列於下表12。 The root length of the soybean plants was measured 52 days and 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 12 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對大豆植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，大豆植物表現出顯著更強的根生長。 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the treatment of soybean plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematodes. Compared with the control group, the soybean plants showed significantly stronger root growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由保留自溫室中的粘土容器中的大豆植物(Glycine max L.)的短尾短體線蟲(Pratylenchus brachyurus)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於會陰表樣的形貌特點、基於口區域的形貌、並且基於酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subgroup of Brachylenchus brachyurus (Pratylenchus brachyurus) kept from soybean plants (Glycine max L.) in clay containers in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface, the morphology of the oral region, and the isoenzyme phenotype based on esterase.
將以下表13中匯總的組合物的3mL樣品以表中示出的施用率均 勻施加在土壤上以及根的附近。之後，所述咖啡幼株植物的根用包含不同發育階段的短尾短體線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複進行5次。 The 3 mL samples of the composition summarized in Table 13 below were all applied at the application rates shown in the table. Apply evenly on the soil and near the roots. After that, the roots of the young coffee plants were inoculated with 10 mL suspensions containing Brachyura elegans at different developmental stages, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在咖啡植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on coffee plants.
在施用52天和90天後檢測咖啡植物的根長。結果列於下表14。 The root length of the coffee plants was measured 52 days and 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 14 below.
在施用後52天和90天對咖啡植物根部中的不同發育階段中的短尾短體線蟲的數量計數。結果列於下表15。 The number of Brachyura spp. in different developmental stages in the roots of coffee plants was counted 52 and 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 15 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對咖啡植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，咖啡植物表現出顯著更強的根生長。 It can be seen that the treatment of coffee plants with Thiadix significantly reduces the number of nematodes compared to the control group. Compared with the control group, the coffee plants showed significantly stronger root growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由溫室中的粘土容器中的番茄(Solanum lycopersicom L.)中的短小根結線蟲(Meloidogyne exigua)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於會陰表樣的形貌特點、基於口區域的形貌、並且基於酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subgroup of short root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne exigua) in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicom L.) in a clay container in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface, the morphology of the oral region, and the isoenzyme phenotype based on esterase.
將表16中匯總的組合物的3mL樣品以表中示出的施用率均勻施加在土壤上以及根的附近。之後，所述咖啡幼株植物的根用包含不同發育階段的短小根結線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複進行5次。 A 3 mL sample of the composition summarized in Table 16 was applied uniformly on the soil and near the roots at the application rate shown in the table. After that, the roots of the young coffee plants were inoculated with 10 mL of suspension containing short root knot nematodes of different developmental stages, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在咖啡植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on coffee plants.
在施用後100天檢測咖啡植物的枝高。結果列於下表17。 The branch height of coffee plants was measured 100 days after application. The results are shown in Table 17 below.
在施用後52天和90天對咖啡植物根部中的不同發育階段中的短小根結線蟲的數量計數。結果列於下表18。 The number of short root knot nematodes in different developmental stages in the roots of coffee plants was counted 52 and 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 18 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對咖啡植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，咖啡植物表現出顯著更強的枝條生長。 It can be seen that the treatment of coffee plants with Thiadix significantly reduces the number of nematodes compared to the control group. Compared with the control group, the coffee plants showed significantly stronger shoot growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由溫室中的粘土容器中的番茄(Solanum lycopersicom L.)中的南方根結線蟲(Meloidogyne incognita)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於會陰表樣的形貌特點、基於口區域的形貌、並且基於酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subgroup of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) in a clay container in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface, the morphology of the oral region, and the isoenzyme phenotype based on esterase.
將以下表19中匯總的組合物的3mL樣品以表中示出的施用率均勻施加在土壤上以及根的附近。之後，所述棉花植物的根用包含不同發育階段的南方根結線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複進行5次。 A 3 mL sample of the composition summarized in Table 19 below was applied uniformly on the soil and near the roots at the application rate shown in the table. After that, the roots of the cotton plants were inoculated with 10 mL of suspension containing Meloidogyne incognita at different developmental stages, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在棉花植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on cotton plants.
在施用90天後檢測根鮮物質。結果列於下表20。 Root fresh substances were tested 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 20 below.
在施用後90天檢測10克根部上的蟲癭數量。結果列於下表21。 The number of galls on the roots of 10 grams was measured 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 21 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對棉花植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，棉花植物表現出顯著更強的根生長。 It can be seen that the treatment of cotton plants with Thiadix significantly reduces the number of nematodes compared to the control group. Compared with the control group, the cotton plants showed significantly stronger root growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由保留自溫室中的粘土容器中的大豆植物(Glycine max L.)的大豆包囊線蟲(Heterodera glycines)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於會陰表樣的形貌特點、基於口區域的形貌、並且基於酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subpopulation of soybean cysts (Heterodera glycines) kept from soybean plants (Glycine max L.) in a clay container in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface, the morphology of the oral region, and the isoenzyme phenotype based on esterase.
從番茄的根部製備包含卵和二期幼年型(J2)的懸液。將10mL的懸液與茄子一同接種持續22天。然後將茄子移植至罐，並保持在溫室中。100天後，將所述茄子的根清洗並在混合器中用0.5%的次氯酸鈉碾碎。然後，使所述懸液通過500(0.025mm開口)上的200目(0.074mm開口)的篩網。將保留在500目網篩上的卵和幼年型收集並清洗。 A suspension containing eggs and second-stage juvenile (J2) was prepared from the root of tomato. 10 mL of the suspension was inoculated with eggplant for 22 days. The eggplants are then transplanted into pots and kept in the greenhouse. After 100 days, the roots of the eggplant were washed and crushed with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite in a mixer. Then, the suspension was passed through a 200 mesh (0.074 mm opening) screen on a 500 (0.025 mm opening). The eggs and juveniles retained on the 500 mesh screen are collected and washed.
用表22所示的組合物對大豆種子進行處理。然後，種子用包含5000枚卵和二期幼年型大豆包囊線蟲的3mL懸液接種。 The soybean seeds were treated with the composition shown in Table 22. Then, the seeds were inoculated with 3 mL of suspension containing 5000 eggs and second-stage juvenile soybean cyst nematodes.
播種19天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在大豆植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 19 days of sowing, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on soybean plants.
在播種後52天對大豆植物的10克的根上的蟲癭的數量計數。結果列於下表23。 The number of galls on 10 grams of roots of soybean plants was counted 52 days after sowing. The results are shown in Table 23 below.
在施用52天和90天後測定大豆植物的根長。結果列於下表24。 The root length of soybean plants was measured 52 days and 90 days after application. The results are listed in Table 24 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對大豆植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，大豆植物表現出顯著更強的根生長。 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the treatment of soybean plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematodes. Compared with the control group, the soybean plants showed significantly stronger root growth after treatment with Thiadix.
線蟲接種物由保留自溫室中的粘土容器中的大豆植物(Glycine max L.)的腎形腎狀線蟲(Rotylenchulus reniformis)的純亞群製備。該亞群基於會陰表樣的形貌特點、基於口區域的形貌、並且基於酯酶的同工酶表型，於先前被鑒定。 The nematode inoculum was prepared from a pure subpopulation of Rotylenchulus reniformis of soybean plants (Glycine max L.) retained in clay containers in a greenhouse. This subgroup was previously identified based on the morphological characteristics of the perineal surface, the morphology of the oral region, and the isoenzyme phenotype based on esterase.
將表25中所示的組合物的3mL樣品以表中示出的施用率均勻施加在土壤上以及根的附近。之後，所述玉米植物的根用包含不同發育階段的腎形腎狀線蟲的10mL懸液接種，這之後用土壤將根覆蓋。重複進行5次。 A 3 mL sample of the composition shown in Table 25 was uniformly applied on the soil and near the roots at the application rate shown in the table. After that, the roots of the corn plants were inoculated with 10 mL of suspension containing reniform nematodes of different developmental stages, after which the roots were covered with soil. Repeat 5 times.
15天和30天後，對該處理的植物毒性進行評價。沒有在玉米植物上觀察到植物毒性症狀。 After 15 days and 30 days, the phytotoxicity of the treatment was evaluated. No symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed on corn plants.
在施用90天後測定根鮮物質的含量。結果列於下表26。 The content of fresh root matter was determined 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 26 below.
在施用後90天檢測10克根部上的蟲癭數量。結果列於下表27。 The number of galls on the roots of 10 grams was measured 90 days after application. The results are shown in Table 27 below.
能夠看到，與對照組相比，用硫敵克對玉米植物進行的處理顯著降低了線蟲數量。與對照組相比，在用硫敵克進行處理後，玉米植物表現出顯著更強的根生長。 It can be seen that compared with the control group, the treatment of corn plants with Thiadix significantly reduced the number of nematodes. Compared with the control group, the corn plants showed significantly stronger root growth after treatment with Thiadix.
與各發表物或專利申請特定和單獨地通過引用納入本文相同，本說明書引用的所有發表物、專利和專利申請通過引用納入本文。雖然出於闡明目的已經通過說明和舉例的方式詳細描述了本發明，但本領 域普通技術人員根據本發明的教導不難瞭解，可以在不背離所附申請專利範圍的構思或範圍的情況下作出某些改變和修改。 The same as each publication or patent application specifically and individually incorporated herein by reference, all publications, patents and patent applications cited in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of illustration and examples for the purpose of illustration, the skill It is not difficult for a person of ordinary skill in the art to understand based on the teachings of the present invention that certain changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept or scope of the scope of the appended patent application.
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| CN108041060B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2020-12-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Pesticide compound seed coating agent, application thereof and treatment method of corn seeds |
| CN109122706B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2021-06-15 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Composite medicament for corn seed coating agent, compound corn coating agent and corn seed treatment method |
| CN109601546A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 广东真格生物科技有限公司 | A kind of composition pesticide and its application containing thiodicarb |
| CN111213664A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-02 | 湖州稷盾生物科技有限公司 | Pesticide composition containing thiodicarb and monosultap and application thereof |
| CN113197201B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-02-28 | 潍坊海邦化工有限公司 | Thiedicarb water dispersible granule and production process thereof |
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| US20070099963A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Bayer Cropscience Lp | Nematicidal compositions and methods |
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