TWI708670B - 應用建築材料之方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 gneiss Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B28C9/04—General arrangement or layout of plant the plant being mobile, e.g. mounted on a carriage or a set of carriages
- B28C9/0454—Self-contained units, i.e. mobile plants having storage containers for the ingredients
- B28C9/0463—Self-contained units, i.e. mobile plants having storage containers for the ingredients with a mixing discharge trough with a free end, e.g. provided with a mixing screw or pivotable about a vertical or horizontal axis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/14—Minerals of vulcanic origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
- C04B7/1535—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with alkali metal containing activators, e.g. sodium hydroxide or waterglass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本發明提供一種用於應用建築材料之系統及方法。前述方法可包括在配料及攪拌裝置處將高爐渣材料、地質聚合物材料、鹼金屬基底粉末及砂土攪拌以產生非波特蘭水泥基底材料。前述方法亦可包括將來自攪拌裝置之非波特蘭水泥基底材料經由導管運輸至噴嘴並且在噴嘴處將運輸之非波特蘭水泥基底材料與液體組合以產生部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料。前述方法可進一步包括將部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料氣動地應用至表面。
Description
本申請案主張2015年5月6日在美國專利及商標局申請之美國專利申請案第14/705,534號之優先權。其揭示內容全部以引用方式併入本文。
本揭示關於一種建築材料,且更具體而言關於一種製造和應用建築材料之方法。
下水道整修及混凝土復原及建築領域之現有方法可涉及應用噴射混凝土,其可氣動地朝向需要修復或建築之表面投射。此噴射混凝土包括存在於基礎混凝土中之材料,諸如,砂土、波特蘭水泥及液體。在特定施工現場,此噴射混凝土可採取乾燥攪拌或潮濕攪拌應用之形式。用語「乾燥攪拌」通常涉及經由軟管將乾燥狀態下之一些或所有材料氣動傳遞至噴嘴,其中操作者可在投射物質之前控制將液體應用至噴嘴處之乾燥攪拌。相比之下,用語「潮
濕攪拌」通常涉及在投射之前經由軟管來傳遞包括液體之先前攪拌混凝土。
一些公司嘗試改變噴射混凝土之材料組成以便獲得某些益處。因此,一些方法可涉及使用地質聚合物(geopolymer material)。然而,這些材料經常經受由於這些產品內在有機材料所造成的侵蝕。舉例而言,Milliken®在其GeoSprayTM及GeoSprayTMAMS產品線下製造各種產品。AMS產品可作為預處理及/或後處理來應用於GeoSprayTM產品。GeoSpray係波特蘭水泥基底的並且含有僅少部分之地質聚合物。此混合物係酸不穩定的。AMS含有有機物,其用於抗擊酸對於波特蘭水泥基底混凝土之影響及波特蘭水泥基底材料發生的微生物誘導侵蝕。
在第一實行方案中,提供一種應用建築材料之方法。該方法可包括將高爐渣材料(blast furnace slag material)、地質聚合物材料、鹼金屬基底粉末及砂土在配料及攪拌裝置處攪拌以產生非波特蘭水泥基底材料。該方法亦可包括將來自配料及攪拌裝置之非波特蘭水泥基底材料經由導管運輸至噴嘴並且在噴嘴處將運輸之非波特蘭水泥基底材料與液體組合以產生部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料。該方法可進一步包括將部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料氣動地應用至表面。
可包括以下特徵中之一或多者。在一些實施例中,地質聚合物材料係火山石粉或輕石中之至少一者。鹼金屬基底粉末可包括矽酸鹽。攪拌可執行為乾燥攪拌。非波特蘭水泥基底材料可為無機的。攪拌可在移動式配料及攪拌車處執行。非波特蘭水泥基底材料可包括黏土、片麻岩、花崗岩、流紋岩(liparite)、安山石、苦橄岩、鉀長石(potassic feldspar)、鈉長石(albite)、輕石(pumice)或沸石中之至少一者。攪拌可包括在可攜式槍處攪拌,該可攜式槍被組配來接收來自配料及攪拌裝置之非波特蘭水泥基底材料。非波特蘭水泥基底材料之組分可包括大約2500-5000cm2/g之布萊恩細度值(Blaine fineness value)。
在另一個實行方案中,提供一種應用建築材料之系統。該系統可包括配料及攪拌裝置,其被組配來將高爐渣材料、地質聚合物材料、鹼金屬基底粉末及砂土配料並攪拌以產生非波特蘭水泥基底材料。該系統亦可包括導管,其被組配來運輸來自配料及攪拌裝置之非波特蘭水泥基底材料。該系統可進一步包括噴嘴,其被組配來接收非波特蘭水泥基底材料並且將運輸之非波特蘭水泥基底材料與液體組合以產生部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料,其中噴嘴進一步被組配來將部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料氣動地應用至表面。
可包括以下特徵中之一或多者。在一些實施例中,地質聚合物材料可為火山石粉或輕石中之至少一者。鹼金屬基底粉末可包括矽酸鹽。攪拌可執行為乾燥攪拌。非波特蘭水泥基底材料可為無機的。攪拌可在移動式配料及攪拌車處執行。非波特蘭水泥基底材料可包括黏土、片麻岩、花崗岩、流紋岩、安山石、苦橄岩、鉀長石、鈉長石、輕石或沸石中之至少一者。攪拌可包括在可攜式槍處攪拌,該可攜式槍被組配來接收來自配料及攪拌裝置之非波特蘭水泥基底材料。非波特蘭水泥基底材料之組分可包括大約2500-5000cm2/g之布萊恩細度值。
在另一個實行方案中,提供一種非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料。非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料包括高爐渣材料、火山石粉、鹼金屬基底粉末及砂土。在一些實施例中,鹼金屬基底粉末可為矽酸鹽。
一或多個實行方案之細節在圖式及以下說明書中闡明。其他特徵及優勢將從說明書、圖式及申請專利範圍變得顯而易知。
100:移動式配料及攪拌車
102:第一容器
104:儲存單元
106:配料及攪拌裝置
108:第二容器
110:可調整遞送機構
200:移動式系統
206:部件
208:部件
210:部件
212:可攜式槍
214:噴嘴
216:導管/軟管
300:流程圖
302:步驟
304:步驟
306:步驟
308:步驟
圖1係根據本揭示之一實施例的被組配來配料、攪拌和應用非水泥基底材料之移動式系統之側視圖。
圖2係根據本揭示之一實施例的被組配來配料、攪拌和應用非水泥基底材料之移動式系統200之側後視圖。
圖3係描繪與根據本揭示之一實施例之非水泥基底應用過程一致之操作步驟302至步驟308的流程圖300。
各個圖中之相同參考符號可指示相同元件。
本揭示之實施例針對一種具有鹼活化黏合劑(亦即,非波特蘭水泥基底)之建築材料及製造和應用該材料的系統及方法。雖然本文包括之許多實例在混凝土修復情形中論述,但是應當指出的是本文所述建築材料可用於任何合適應用。一些這些應用可包括但不限於下水道修復工程、經歷酸侵蝕之任何混凝土結構等。
參看圖1,顯示移動式配料及攪拌車100,其具有許多容器、隔間,及與其相關之裝置。在一些實施例中,移動式配料及攪拌車100可包括第一容器102,其可被組配來儲存砂土或其他材料。儲存單元104可被組配來儲存水或其他液體。移動式配料及攪拌車100可進一步包括配料及攪拌裝置106,其可包括許多部件,其中一些可包括但不限於第二容器108、可調整遞送機構110及可攜式槍。如圖2所示,可攜式槍212可經由導管216或軟管216
連接至噴嘴214。
在一些實施例中,移動式配料及攪拌車100可被組配來配料、攪拌和應用非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料。此材料可在該移動式配料及攪拌車處(例如在配料及攪拌裝置106內)或在安置第二容器108內之前配料和攪拌。此材料可運輸至噴嘴214,在該噴嘴中該材料可與來自儲存單元104之液體混合,然後應用至需要建築或修復之表面。非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料之細節在本文中如下進一步詳細論述。
在一些實施例中,本文所述非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料可具有如與現有材料相比之更好強度值、高阻抗並且對於無機及有機酸沒有反應性,以及另外較高早硬強度值。該材料可包括高爐渣材料、地質聚合物材料、鹼金屬基底粉末及砂土在配料及攪拌裝置處乾燥攪拌以產生非波特蘭水泥基底材料。
在一些實施例中,非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料可包括各種類型地質聚合物材料。一些這些材料可包括但不限於火山灰材料,其可與強鹼反應並且將此摻合物砂土及/或粗砂一起攪拌。在一些實施例中,火山灰材料可包括活性矽酸鹽如礦渣砂或飛灰。亦可使用天然材料如火山岩或一些其他材料,然而,若這些材料以呈極細粉末形式之較小
部分使用,則更理想。如本文使用之用語「飛灰」可係指非天然火山灰。
在一些實施例中,非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料可包括許多火山灰質材料,其中一些可包括但不限於精細研磨黏土、片麻岩、花崗岩、流紋岩、安山石、苦橄岩、鉀長石、鈉長石、輕石、沸石等,以及其混合物。這些材料可以煆燒及/或未煆燒之研磨形式使用。另外及/或替代地,含有足夠量反應性(例如,亞穩定、玻璃質)SiO2及Al2O3的所有原始材料包括但不限於灰燼、火山灰、爐渣亦可適合於本揭示之實施例。
在一些實施例中,非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料可包括鹼金屬基底粉末材料及/或各種混合液體。一些可能混合液體可包括但不限於鉀及鈉水玻璃、鹼金屬氫氧化物等。
在一些實施例中,含有SiO2/Al2O3之組分與鹼性混合液體之間之反應可產生具有三維結構之鋁矽酸鹽。這些框架結構允許產生在複合物中不需要波特蘭水泥的建築材料。
在操作中,成分可充分地配料並攪拌(例如,完全地或部分地在移動式配料及攪拌車100處),然後遞送至可攜式槍212。非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料可經由壓縮空氣經
過導管216傳送至噴嘴214。在一特定實施例中,可添加矽酸鉀,固體含量48%,密度1.52g/cm3,Wt SiO2:K2O 1.14,及一些液體並且將其在噴嘴214內部在一段較短時間(例如,小於1秒)內充分地攪拌,然後部分液化混合物可氣動地應用至所關注的表面。
本文包括之實施例可包括含有一些或所有以下各項之混合物:礦渣(例如,非天然火山灰、基質)、飛灰(例如,非天然火山灰及視需要之配方)、地質聚合物(例如,天然火山灰及視需要之研磨火山材料)、鹼(例如,粉末或液體)、其他液體,包括水(視需要)、及砂土/粗砂。具體混合物之實例提供如下,然而,應當指出的是本文提供之具體混合物僅僅作為舉例包括在內。許多額外及替代實施例亦在本揭示案之範圍內。
在一些實施例中,混合物之組分可具有大約2500-5000cm2/g之布萊恩細度。
當鹼性成分與石粉之反應時間足以產生黏性化合物
時,非波特蘭水泥基底建築材料之實施例產生意外結果。通過許多測試,發現此化合物極好地黏附於垂直表面上,建立緊密結合並且在3天內硬化,與抗壓強度值在50N/mm2(8000psi)以上。
本文使用之術語僅出於描述特定實施例之目的並且不意欲限制本揭示。如本文使用,單數形式「一個(種)」及「該(該等)」意欲亦包括複數形式,除非上下文另外明確指示。應進一步瞭解用語「包含」在用於本說明書中時,規定所陳述特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件及/或組分之存在,但是不排除一或多個其他特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件、組分及/或其群組之存在或添加。
以下申請專利範圍中之對應結構、材料、操作及所有手段或步驟加上功能元件之均等物意欲包括執行功能之任何結構、材料或操作以及如具體請求保護之其他請求要素。本揭示之描述已經出於說明及描述目的來提供,但是不意欲無遺漏的或限制所揭示形式的本揭示。許多改進及變化為普通熟習此項技術者顯而易知而不脫離本揭示之範圍及精神。選擇並描述實施例以便最佳解釋本揭示之原則及實際應用,並且使得其他普通熟習此項技術者能夠針對具有如適合於所涵蓋特定用途之各種改進的各種實施例來理解本揭示。
已經如此詳細地並且參考其實施例來描述本申請案之揭示內容,顯而易知在不脫離附加申請專利範圍界定之本揭示範圍內,改進及變化係可能的。
300:流程圖
302:步驟
304:步驟
306:步驟
308:步驟
Claims (8)
- 一種應用建築材料之方法,其包含以下步驟:在與一車輛相關的一配料及攪拌裝置處將約0.5份數至約1份數的高爐渣材料、約0.1份數至約0.5份數的地質聚合物材料、約0.2份數至約2份數的鹼金屬基底粉末及約1份數至約1.35份數的砂土攪拌以產生一非波特蘭水泥基底材料;將來自前述配料及攪拌裝置之前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料經由一導管運輸至一可攜式槍,前述可攜式槍被組配來接收來自前述配料及攪拌裝置之前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料,其中前述可攜式槍包括一容器,前述容器被組配來直接地接收來自前述車輛的前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料;將來自前述容器的前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料經由一軟管遞送至一噴嘴,前述噴嘴被組配來由一操作者所握持;在前述噴嘴處將經遞送之前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料與液體組合以產生一部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料;以及使用前述噴嘴將前述部分液化非波特蘭水泥基底材料氣動地應用至一表面。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述地質聚合物材料包括火山石粉或輕石。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述 鹼金屬基底粉末包括矽酸鹽。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述配料及攪拌係以一乾燥攪拌及一潮濕攪拌中之至少一者來執行。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料係無機材料。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述攪拌係在一移動式配料及攪拌車處執行。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料包括黏土、片麻岩、花崗岩、流紋岩、安山石、苦橄岩、鉀長石、鈉長石、輕石及沸石中之至少一者。
- 如請求項1所記載之應用建築材料之方法,其中前述非波特蘭水泥基底材料之組分具有大約2500-5000cm2/g之一布萊恩細度值。
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EP3292089A1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
RU2018128293A (ru) | 2019-03-14 |
US20220298070A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
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EP3292089A4 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
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RU2664521C1 (ru) | 2018-08-20 |
CA2985199A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
AU2021205037A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
US10882786B2 (en) | 2021-01-05 |
JP6526258B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 |
HK1252458A1 (zh) | 2019-05-24 |
AU2016258990B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 |
AU2019284021B2 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
NZ737459A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
CN108025970A (zh) | 2018-05-11 |
US20160326052A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
JP2018514500A (ja) | 2018-06-07 |
CN115108802A (zh) | 2022-09-27 |
CA2985199C (en) | 2019-02-12 |
US20210230061A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
WO2016179361A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
US11745215B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
US20190241469A1 (en) | 2019-08-08 |
AU2019284021A1 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
US9896379B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
AU2021205037B2 (en) | 2023-02-16 |
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