TWI708074B - 光學積層體 - Google Patents

光學積層體 Download PDF

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TWI708074B
TWI708074B TW105122462A TW105122462A TWI708074B TW I708074 B TWI708074 B TW I708074B TW 105122462 A TW105122462 A TW 105122462A TW 105122462 A TW105122462 A TW 105122462A TW I708074 B TWI708074 B TW I708074B
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thin glass
optical laminate
polarizing plate
resin
glass
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TW105122462A
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TW201730593A (zh
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村重毅
稲垣淳一
細川和人
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日商日東電工股份有限公司
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
    • B32B17/10458—Polarization selective transmission
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
    • C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
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    • C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
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Abstract

本發明提供一種可有助於顯示裝置之輕量化、及耐衝擊性提高之光學積層體。
本發明具備厚度為100μm以下之薄玻璃、及配置於該薄玻璃之一側之偏光板，且該偏光板包含偏光元件、及配置於該偏光元件之該薄玻璃側之面之保護膜。於一個實施形態中，本發明之光學積層體於上述薄玻璃與上述偏光板之間進而具備接著層。

Description

光學積層體
本發明係關於一種光學積層體。更詳細而言，係關於一種包含偏光板之光學積層體。
近年來，智慧型手機、平板PC(Personal Computer，個人電腦)等資訊終端被廣泛使用。於多數情形時，於該等機器之最表面側，配置有用以保護顯示裝置之保護材料。對經常隨身攜帶、或手持操作之上述機器中所具備之顯示裝置之輕量化、耐衝擊性提高之要求逐年高漲，尋求可滿足該要求之保護材料。又，自將顯示裝置整體輕量化之觀點而言，追求兼具保護功能及光學功能之薄型之保護材料。
作為保護材料，一直使用玻璃板或塑膠板(例如，專利文獻1)。玻璃板使用相較於普通玻璃強度有所增強之強化玻璃。玻璃板儘管耐衝擊性及硬度優異，然而存在比重高、較重之問題。又，若為了實現輕量化，而將玻璃材料薄化，則存在耐衝擊性明顯降低之問題。塑膠板可使用如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚碳酸酯之透明性優異、強度強之材料。儘管塑膠板相較於玻璃板為輕量，然而於使用塑膠板之情形時，難以兼具作為保護材料所被要求之耐衝擊性及硬度。
[先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2010-164938號公報
本發明係為了解決上述先前之問題而完成者，其目的在於提供一種可有助於顯示裝置之輕量化、及耐衝擊性提高之光學積層體。
本發明之光學積層體具備厚度為100μm以下之薄玻璃、及配置於該薄玻璃之一側之偏光板，且該偏光板包含偏光元件、及配置於該偏光元件之該薄玻璃側之面之保護膜。
於一個實施形態中，本發明之光學積層體於上述薄玻璃與上述偏光板之間進而具備接著層。
於一個實施形態中，上述接著層包含環氧系樹脂。
於一個實施形態中，上述保護膜之23℃時之彈性模數為1.5GPa~10GPa。
於一個實施形態中，本發明之光學積層體進而具備抗反射層，且該抗反射層配置於上述薄玻璃之與上述偏光板相反之側。
根據本發明，可提供一種具有偏光功能之光學積層體。該光學積層體輕量、高硬度、且耐衝擊性優異。本發明之光學積層體可作為顯示裝置之前面板而較佳使用，既可表現偏光功能，又可有助於顯示裝置之輕量化、及耐衝擊性提高。又，本發明之光學積層體之可撓性優異，因此能以卷之形態而提供，處理性亦優異。
10‧‧‧薄玻璃
20‧‧‧偏光板
21‧‧‧偏光元件
22‧‧‧保護膜
30‧‧‧接著層
100‧‧‧光學積層體
圖1係本發明之較佳實施形態之光學積層體之概略剖視圖。
A.光學積層體之整體構成
圖1係本發明之一個實施形態之光學積層體之概略剖視圖。該光學積層體100具備厚度為100μm以下之薄玻璃10、及配置於薄玻璃10 之一側之偏光板20。偏光板20包含偏光元件21、及配置於偏光元件21之薄玻璃10側之面(即，偏光元件21與薄玻璃10之間)之保護膜22。雖未圖示，但偏光板亦可進而包含配置於偏光元件之與薄玻璃為相反側之面之保護膜。較佳為薄玻璃10與偏光板20經由接著層30而積層。
本發明之光學積層體100因具備薄玻璃10，故硬度高。又，本發明之光學積層體100藉由於薄玻璃10之一側具備偏光板，可防止薄玻璃10之破損，耐衝擊性優異。於本發明中，因可將對薄玻璃之表面(與偏光板為相反側之面)造成之衝擊有效地散逸至偏光板側，故如上所述認為耐衝擊性優異。藉由偏光板具有保護膜、或將薄玻璃與偏光板經由接著層而積層，此種效果變得顯著。進而，因薄玻璃不易破損，故可使薄玻璃之厚度非常薄，其結果，可獲得輕量之光學積層體。如此，耐衝擊性優異、輕量、且硬度高之光學積層體可作為移動終端用途之圖像顯示裝置之前面板而較佳地使用。再者，於使用本發明之光學積層體作為前面板之情形時，較佳為使薄玻璃側為外側(即，視覺辨認側)而配置。
進而，薄玻璃10具有保護偏光板20之功能。即，於本發明中，薄玻璃10與偏光板20分別保護彼此。因此，可減少保護用構件，可獲得輕量且薄型之光學積層體。又，於薄玻璃之氣體阻隔性高且以薄玻璃保護偏光板之方式構成之本發明之光學積層體中，偏光板中所包含之偏光元件之劣化得以防止。
本發明之光學積層體之厚度較佳為1μm~300μm，進而較佳為10μm~200μm，更佳為20μm~150μm。
本發明之光學積層體可進而具備其他層。作為其他層，例如可列舉抗反射層、防眩層、防靜電層、導電層等。又，亦可於上述偏光板之與薄玻璃為相反側之面，設置任意之適當之黏著劑層。於具備黏著劑層之光學積層體中，亦可於黏著劑層之表面配置有隔離件。該隔 離件於光學積層體供於實用之前，可保護黏著劑層。
於一個實施形態中，本發明之光學積層體係以卷形態而提供。可提供一種高硬度且具有能以卷狀捲取之程度之可撓性之光學積層體係本發明之成果之一。
B.薄玻璃
上述薄玻璃若為板狀，則可採用任意之適當之薄玻璃。上述薄玻璃根據組成之分類，例如可列舉鈉鈣玻璃、硼酸玻璃、鋁矽酸玻璃、石英玻璃等。又，根據鹼成分之分類，可列舉無鹼玻璃、低鹼玻璃。上述玻璃之鹼金屬成分(例如，Na2O、K2O、Li2O)之含量較佳為15重量%以下，進而較佳為10重量%以下。
上述薄玻璃之厚度為100μm以下，較佳為80μm以下，更佳為50μm以下，進而較佳為40μm以下，尤佳為35μm以下。上述薄玻璃之厚度之下限較佳為5μm以上，更佳為20μm以上。
上述薄玻璃之波長550nm時之透光率較佳為85%以上。上述薄玻璃之波長550nm時之折射率較佳為1.4~1.65。
上述薄玻璃之密度較佳為2.3g/cm3~3.0g/cm3，進而較佳為2.3g/cm3~2.7g/cm3。若為上述範圍之薄玻璃，則可獲得輕量之光學積層體。
上述薄玻璃之成形方法可採用任意之適當之方法。具有代表性的是，上述薄玻璃係於將包含氧化矽或氧化鋁等主原料、芒硝或氧化銻等消泡劑、及碳等還原劑之混合物於1400℃~1600℃之溫度下熔融而成形為薄板狀之後，將其冷卻而製作。作為上述薄玻璃之成形方法，例如可列舉流孔下引法、熔融法、浮式法等。對於藉由該等方法而成形為板狀之薄玻璃，為了薄板化、或提高平滑性，亦可視需要而藉由氫氟酸等溶劑加以化學研磨。
上述薄玻璃亦可直接使用市售者，或者亦可將市售之薄玻璃研 磨成所期望之厚度而使用。作為市售之薄玻璃，例如可列舉Corning公司製造之「7059」、「1737」或「EAGLE2000」、旭硝子公司製造之「AN100」、NH Techno Glass公司製造之「NA-35」、日本電氣硝子公司製造之「OA-10」、Schott公司製造之「D263」或「AF45」等。
C.偏光板
上述偏光板具備偏光元件。上述偏光板較佳為於偏光元件之單側或兩側進而具備保護膜。於一個實施形態中，上述偏光板僅於偏光元件之上述薄玻璃側(即，偏光元件與薄玻璃之間)具備保護膜。若為此種構成，則可獲得偏光元件之耐久性優異且輕量之偏光板。又，藉由保護膜，可提高上述薄玻璃之保護效果。
C-1.偏光元件
上述偏光元件之厚度並不特別限制，可根據目的採用適當之厚度。該厚度具有代表性的是1μm~80μm左右。於一個實施形態中，使用薄型之偏光元件，該偏光元件之厚度較佳為20μm以下，更佳為15μm以下，進而較佳為10μm以下，尤佳為6μm以下。藉由使用如此薄之偏光元件，可獲得薄型之光學積層體。
上述偏光元件較佳為於波長380nm~780nm中任一波長時表現出吸收二色性。偏光元件之單體透過率較佳為40.0%以上，更佳為41.0%以上，進而較佳為42.0%以上，尤佳為43.0%以上。偏光元件之偏光度較佳為99.8%以上，更佳為99.9%以上，進而較佳為99.95%以上。
上述偏光元件較佳為碘系偏光元件。更詳細而言，上述偏光元件可包括含有碘之聚乙烯醇系樹脂(以下，稱為「PVA系樹脂」)之膜。
作為形成上述PVA系樹脂膜之PVA系樹脂，可採用任意之適當之樹脂。例如可列舉聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物。聚乙烯醇可藉由 將聚乙酸乙烯酯鹼化而獲得。乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物可藉由將乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物鹼化而獲得。PVA系樹脂之鹼化度通常為85莫耳%~100莫耳%，較佳為95.0莫耳%~99.95莫耳%，進而較佳為99.0莫耳%~99.93莫耳%。鹼化度可依據JIS K 6726-1994而求出。藉由使用此種鹼化度之PVA系樹脂，可獲得耐久性優異之偏光元件。於鹼化度過高之情形時，有凝膠化之虞。
PVA系樹脂之平均聚合度可根據目的適當選擇。平均聚合度通常為1000~10000，較佳為1200~5000，進而較佳為1500~4500。再者，平均聚合度可依據JIS K 6726-1994而求出。
作為上述偏光元件之製造方法，例如可列舉將PVA系樹脂膜單體延伸並染色之方法(I)、及將具有樹脂基材及聚乙烯醇系樹脂層之積層體(i)延伸並染色之方法(II)等。方法(I)係於業界周知慣用之方法，因此省略詳細之說明。上述製造方法(II)較佳為包含如下步驟：將具有樹脂基材及形成於該樹脂基材之單側之聚乙烯醇系樹脂層之積層體(i)延伸並染色，而於該樹脂基材上製作偏光元件。積層體(i)可於樹脂基材上塗佈包含聚乙烯醇系樹脂之塗佈液並使之乾燥而形成。又，積層體(i)亦可將聚乙烯醇系樹脂膜轉印於樹脂基材上而形成。上述製造方法(II)之詳細內容例如於日本專利特開2012-73580號公報中有所記載，該公報作為參考被引用於本說明書中。
C-2.保護膜
作為上述保護膜，可採用任意之適當之樹脂膜。作為保護膜之形成材料，例如可列舉聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)等聚酯系樹脂、三乙醯纖維素(TAC)等纖維素系樹脂、降
Figure 105122462-A0202-12-0006-2
烯系樹脂等環烯系樹脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等烯烴系樹脂、(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂等。其中，較佳為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)。再者，「(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂」係指丙烯酸系樹脂及/或甲基丙烯酸系樹脂。
於一個實施形態中，作為上述(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂，可使用具有戊二醯亞胺構造之(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂。具有戊二醯亞胺構造之(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂(以下，亦稱為戊二醯亞胺樹脂)例如於日本專利特開2006-309033號公報、日本專利特開2006-317560號公報、日本專利特開2006-328329號公報、日本專利特開2006-328334號公報、日本專利特開2006-337491號公報、日本專利特開2006-337492號公報、日本專利特開2006-337493號公報、日本專利特開2006-337569號公報、日本專利特開2007-009182號公報、日本專利特開2009-161744號公報、日本專利特開2010-284840號公報中有所記載。該等記載作為參考被引用於本說明書中。
較佳為構成上述保護膜之樹脂膜具有紫外線吸收能。此種樹脂膜例如可藉由包含任意之適當之紫外線吸收劑而獲得。作為紫外線吸收劑之具體例，例如可列舉氧化二苯甲酮系化合物、苯并***系化合物、水楊酸酯系化合物、二苯甲酮系化合物、氰基丙烯酸酯系化合物、鎳錯鹽系化合物、三
Figure 105122462-A0202-12-0007-3
系化合物等。
上述樹脂膜中之紫外線吸收劑之含有比率相對於樹脂膜100重量份，較佳為0.01重量份~30重量份，更佳為0.1重量份~5重量份。若為此種範圍，則可形成具有充分之紫外線吸收能之保護膜，且可獲得能有效保護上述薄玻璃之偏光板。
構成上述保護膜之樹脂膜係藉由任意之適當之方法而製膜。作為製膜方法，例如可列舉熔融擠出法、溶液澆鑄法(溶液流鑄法)、壓延法、壓縮成形法等。該等中，較佳為熔融擠出法。又，對樹脂膜亦可施以延伸處理。
上述保護膜與上述偏光元件係經由任意之適當之接著劑層而積層。於製作偏光元件時使用之樹脂基材可於將保護膜與偏光元件積層之前、或積層之後被剝離。
上述保護膜之厚度較佳為5μm~55μm，更佳為10μm~50μm，進而較佳為15μm~45μm。
上述保護膜之23℃時之彈性模數較佳為1.5GPa~10GPa，更佳為1.8GPa~9GPa。若為此種範圍，則可獲得能有效保護上述薄玻璃之偏光板。再者，本發明中之彈性模數可藉由動態黏彈性光譜測定而測定。
上述保護膜之25℃時之破壞韌性值為1.5MPa‧m1/2~10MPa‧m1/2，較佳為2MPa‧m1/2~6MPa‧m1/2，進而較佳為2MPa‧m1/2~5MPa‧m1/2。若上述保護膜之破壞韌性值為此種範圍，則保護膜具有充分之黏性強度，故而可加強上述薄玻璃，防止薄玻璃之裂痕之擴大及斷裂，從而獲得可撓性優異之光學積層體。
上述保護膜之線膨脹係數較佳為大於0/℃，更佳為1.0×10-6/℃~10×10-6/℃，進而較佳為4.0×10-6/℃~50×10-6/℃。再者，線膨脹係數係依據JIS K 7197而求出。
D.其他層 D-1.樹脂膜
本發明之光學積層體亦可於上述薄玻璃之與偏光板相反之側進而具備樹脂膜。於一個實施形態中，樹脂膜係以可剝離之方式(例如，經由任意之適當之黏著劑層)而積層，且於本發明之光學積層體供於使用之前保護薄玻璃。
構成上述樹脂膜之材料可採用任意之適當之樹脂。作為上述樹脂，例如可列舉熱塑性樹脂、藉由熱或活性能量射線而硬化之硬化性樹脂等。較佳為熱塑性樹脂。作為熱塑性樹脂之具體例，可列舉聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯系樹脂、聚碳酸酯系樹脂、聚乙烯系樹脂、聚丙烯系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂、聚醯胺系樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯系樹脂、聚芳酯系樹脂、聚醯亞胺系樹脂、聚碸系樹脂、環烯系樹脂等。 其中較佳為聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯系樹脂，更佳為聚甲基丙烯酸酯系樹脂，尤佳為聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯系樹脂。若樹脂膜含有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯系樹脂，則保護薄玻璃之效果提高，例如，即便面對前端尖細之落下物亦可防止傷痕、孔洞等之產生。
上述樹脂膜之厚度較佳為20μm~1900μm，進而較佳為50μm~1500μm，更佳為50μm~1000μm，尤佳為50μm~100μm。
上述樹脂膜之比重為0.9g/cm3~1.5g/cm3，較佳為1g/cm3~1.3g/cm3。
上述樹脂膜可根據目的進而含有任意之適當之添加劑。作為樹脂膜中之添加劑，例如可列舉稀釋劑、抗老化劑、變性劑、界面活性劑、染料、顏料、防變色劑、紫外線吸收劑、柔軟劑、穩定劑、可塑劑、消泡劑、補強劑等。上述樹脂膜中所含有之添加劑之種類、數及量可根據目的適當設定。
D-2.抗反射層
本發明之光學積層體亦可進而具備抗反射層。抗反射層可配置於薄玻璃之與偏光板相反之側。
作為上述抗反射層，只要具有抗反射之功能，便可為任意之適當之構成。上述抗反射層較佳為包含無機材料之層。
作為構成上述抗反射層之材料，例如可列舉氧化鈦、氧化鋯、氧化矽、氟化鎂等。於一個實施形態中，使用將氧化鈦層與氧化矽層交替地積層而獲得之積層體作為抗反射層。此種積層體具有優異之抗反射功能。
D-3.接著層
上述薄玻璃與偏光板可經由接著層而積層。作為構成上述接著層之材料，例如可列舉熱硬化性樹脂、活性能量射線硬化性樹脂等。作為此種樹脂之具體例，例如可列舉環氧系樹脂；具有環氧基、縮水 甘油基或氧雜環丁基等之環狀醚類；矽酮系樹脂；丙烯酸系樹脂及該等之混合物。其中，較佳可形成包含環氧系樹脂之接著層。若形成包含環氧系樹脂之接著層，則可獲得薄玻璃不易破損且耐衝擊性更優異之光學積層體。又，亦可於上述接著層中添加上述偶合劑。
上述接著層之厚度較佳為10μm以下，更佳為0.05μm~50μm。若為此種範圍，則可獲得薄玻璃不易破損且耐衝擊性更優異之光學積層體。
E.光學積層體之製造方法
作為本發明之光學積層體之製造方法，可採用任意之適當之方法。該製造方法例如包括：(1)貼著步驟，其於薄玻璃一面，經由接著劑組合物而使薄玻璃與偏光板貼合；及(2)硬化步驟，其使接著劑組合物硬化，而形成接著層。
如上所述，上述黏著劑組合物較佳為包含熱硬化性或光硬化性之接著劑。亦可併用熱硬化性接著劑及光硬化性接著劑。作為上述接著劑，可使用包含上述D-3項中所說明之樹脂之接著劑。
上述接著劑組合物可根據目的進而含有任意之適當之添加劑。作為接著劑組合物中之添加劑，例如可列舉聚合起始劑、交聯劑、UV(ultraviolet，紫外線)吸收劑、導電性材料、Si偶合劑等。
上述薄玻璃與偏光板及樹脂膜之貼合係藉由任意之適當之方法而進行。具有代表性的是進行層壓。本發明之光學積層體亦能以所謂之輥對輥連續地進行薄玻璃與樹脂膜之貼合。再者，所謂輥對輥係指一面藉由輥搬送長條之膜彼此(於本發明中為薄玻璃與樹脂膜)，一面使其長度方向對齊而連續地貼合。
上述接著劑組合物之硬化方法可根據上述接著劑之種類適當選擇。於接著劑為光硬化性接著劑之情形時，接著劑組合物可藉由紫外線照射而硬化。照射條件可根據接著劑之種類、接著劑組合物之組成 等適當選擇。用以使已塗佈之接著劑組合物硬化之照射累計光量例如為100mJ/cm2~2000mJ/cm2。於接著劑為熱硬化型接著劑之情形時，接著劑組合物係藉由加熱而硬化。加熱條件可根據接著劑之種類、接著劑組合物之組成等適當選擇。用以使已塗佈之接著劑組合物硬化之加熱條件例如係溫度為100℃~200℃且加熱時間為5分鐘~30分鐘。
於本發明之光學積層體具備上述抗反射層之情形時，該抗反射層係藉由任意之適當之方法而形成。例如，使用真空蒸鍍、濺鍍、離子鍍敷等方法，於薄玻璃上形成抗反射層。又，亦可使用E-1項中所說明之樹脂膜，轉印具有抗反射功能之膜，而形成抗反射層。
10‧‧‧薄玻璃
20‧‧‧偏光板
21‧‧‧偏光元件
22‧‧‧保護膜
30‧‧‧接著層
100‧‧‧光學積層體

Claims (5)

  1. 一種光學積層體，其具備厚度為100μm以下之薄玻璃、及配置於該薄玻璃之一側之偏光板，該偏光板包含偏光元件、及配置於該偏光元件之該薄玻璃側之面之保護膜，且於上述薄玻璃與上述偏光板之間進而具備接著層，且上述薄玻璃與上述偏光板係以輥對輥進行貼合。
  2. 如請求項1之光學積層體，其中上述接著層包含環氧系樹脂。
  3. 如請求項1或2之光學積層體，其中上述保護膜之23℃時之彈性模數為1.5GPa~10GPa。
  4. 如請求項1或2之光學積層體，其進而具備抗反射層，且該抗反射層配置於上述薄玻璃之與上述偏光板相反之側。
  5. 如請求項3之光學積層體，其進而具備抗反射層，且該抗反射層配置於上述薄玻璃之與上述偏光板相反之側。
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