TWI706600B - Antenna array module having adjustable element factor - Google Patents

Antenna array module having adjustable element factor Download PDF

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TWI706600B
TWI706600B TW108117781A TW108117781A TWI706600B TW I706600 B TWI706600 B TW I706600B TW 108117781 A TW108117781 A TW 108117781A TW 108117781 A TW108117781 A TW 108117781A TW I706600 B TWI706600 B TW I706600B
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frequency
diode
dual
ground
element factor
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TW108117781A
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TW202044668A (en
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施佑霖
張家豪
顏紅方
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泓博無線通訊技術有限公司
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Abstract

An antenna array module having adjustable element factor comprises a feeding unit, a first element factor unit, a second element factor unit and a high-frequency common reflector. The first element factor unit has a first dual-band antenna and a first low-frequency reflector. The first dual-band antenna connects a first feeding branch of the feeding unit. The first low-frequency reflector connects a ground through a first diode and a first grounding branch. The second element factor unit has a second dual-band antenna and a second low-frequency reflector. The second dual-band antenna connects a second feeding branch of the feeding unit. The second low-frequency reflector connects the ground through a second diode and a second grounding branch. The high-frequency common reflector located between the first dual-band antenna and the second dual-band antenna has a third diode and a third grounding branch. The high-frequency common connects the ground through the third diode and the third grounding branch. Thus, radiation pattern control can be achieved.

Description

可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組 Array antenna module with adjustable element factor

本發明有關於一種天線，且特別是一種可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組。 The present invention relates to an antenna, and in particular to an array antenna module with adjustable element factor.

天線的輻射場型依據天線基本工作原理而有所差異，各種輻射場型有不同的應用，例如，全向性的輻射場型適用於終端裝置，以讓終端裝置可以接收到各方向的無線信號。又例如，基地台天線，如無線網路接取器(wireless access point)的天線，則可能需要能夠產生特定方向的輻射場型，以與位於各種特定位置的終端裝置能更進行無線通信。 The radiation pattern of the antenna differs according to the basic working principle of the antenna. Various radiation patterns have different applications. For example, the omnidirectional radiation pattern is suitable for terminal devices, so that the terminal devices can receive wireless signals in various directions. . For another example, a base station antenna, such as an antenna of a wireless access point, may need to be able to generate a radiation pattern in a specific direction to enable wireless communication with terminal devices located in various specific locations.

一般而言，雖然可用陣列天線控制特定輻射場型，但陣列天線的控制電路(包括開關、相位控制及饋入網路等)引入了更多的傳輸損耗的問題。再者，現行電子裝置的無線傳輸通常需要多頻帶傳輸的功能，製造商必須製造多頻工作的無線模組(包括天線)。若要使用具有多個天線(陣列)的設計，又要同時兼具多頻帶操作，例如常見用於無線區域網路的2.4GHz頻帶及5GHz頻帶的操作需求，選擇傳統的陣列天線設計所使用的多個開關、多個饋入網路除了要詳加考慮傳輸損耗的問題，更要考慮饋入網路殘段在多頻(或雙頻)工作時對不同頻帶的阻抗影響特性，尤其在現行電 子裝置對於天線要求輕薄短小的情況下，提供雙頻以上操作的饋入網路的電路面積相當大(可能比天線陣列還大，而造成天線陣列模組整體體積難以縮小)，使得傳統上使用需要複雜的饋入網路在實現雙頻(或多頻)操作時會造成天線陣列產品製造成本的大幅增加。 Generally speaking, although an array antenna can be used to control a specific radiation pattern, the control circuit of the array antenna (including switching, phase control, and feeding network, etc.) introduces more transmission loss problems. Furthermore, the wireless transmission of current electronic devices usually requires the function of multi-band transmission, and manufacturers must manufacture multi-frequency wireless modules (including antennas). If you want to use a design with multiple antennas (arrays), and at the same time have multi-band operation, such as the common 2.4GHz band and 5GHz band operation requirements for wireless local area networks, choose the traditional array antenna design. For multiple switches and multiple feed-in networks, in addition to the detailed consideration of transmission loss, the stubs of the feed-in network must also be considered in the multi-frequency (or dual-frequency) operation of the impedance characteristics of different frequency bands, especially in the current Electricity When sub-devices require light, thin and short antennas, the circuit area of the feed network that provides dual-frequency or higher operation is quite large (may be larger than the antenna array, which makes the overall size of the antenna array module difficult to shrink), making it traditionally used The need for a complex feeding network to achieve dual-frequency (or multi-frequency) operation will cause a substantial increase in the manufacturing cost of antenna array products.

為了解決前述的先前技術問題，本發明實施例提供一種可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，包括饋入單元、第一元素因子單元、第二元素因子單元以及高頻共用反射部。饋入單元具有饋入端、第一饋入分支與第二饋入分支。第一元素因子單元包括第一雙頻天線與第一低頻反射部，其中第一雙頻天線連接第一饋入分支，其中第一低頻反射部具有第一二極體與第一接地分支，第一低頻反射部通過第一二極體與第一接地分支連接接地。第二元素因子單元包括第二雙頻天線與第二低頻反射部，其中第二雙頻天線連接第二饋入分支，其中第二低頻反射部具有第二二極體與第二接地分支，第二低頻反射部通過第二二極體與第二接地分支連接接地，其中第一雙頻天線位於第二雙頻天線與第一低頻反射部之間，第二雙頻天線位於第一雙頻天線與第二低頻反射部之間。高頻共用反射部位於第一元素因子單元的第一雙頻天線與第二元素因子單元的第二雙頻天線之間，具有第三二極體與第三接地分支，高頻共用反射部通過第三二極體與第三接地分支連接接地。 In order to solve the aforementioned prior art problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna module with an adjustable element factor, which includes a feeding unit, a first element factor unit, a second element factor unit, and a high-frequency shared reflector. The feeding unit has a feeding end, a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch. The first element factor unit includes a first dual-frequency antenna and a first low-frequency reflector. The first dual-frequency antenna is connected to the first feeding branch, and the first low-frequency reflector has a first diode and a first ground branch. A low-frequency reflector is connected to the first ground branch through the first diode to be grounded. The second element factor unit includes a second dual-frequency antenna and a second low-frequency reflector, wherein the second dual-frequency antenna is connected to the second feeding branch, and the second low-frequency reflector has a second diode and a second ground branch. The two low-frequency reflectors are connected to the ground through the second diode and the second ground branch, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna is located between the second dual-frequency antenna and the first low-frequency reflector, and the second dual-frequency antenna is located on the first dual-frequency antenna And the second low-frequency reflection part. The high-frequency common reflection part is located between the first dual-frequency antenna of the first element factor unit and the second dual-frequency antenna of the second element factor unit, and has a third diode and a third ground branch, and the high-frequency common reflection part passes The third diode is connected to the third ground branch to ground.

綜上所述，本發明實施例提供一種可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，利用改變元素因子的技術手段，使陣列天線模 組在雙頻工作的需求下不需要使用複雜的雙頻饋入網路，使得輻射場型控制的目的與製造成本的降低都能同時達成，且控制電路易於實現，具有很高的產業應用價值。 In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna module with adjustable element factor, which uses the technical means of changing the element factor to make the array antenna module Under the requirement of dual-frequency operation, the group does not need to use a complicated dual-frequency feed-in network, so that the purpose of radiation field control and the reduction of manufacturing costs can be achieved at the same time, and the control circuit is easy to implement, which has high industrial application value .

為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容，請參閱以下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖，但是此等說明與所附圖式僅是用來說明本發明，而非對本發明的權利範圍作任何的限制。 In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed descriptions and drawings about the present invention, but these descriptions and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the present invention, not the rights to the present invention The scope is subject to any restrictions.

1‧‧‧第一元素因子單元 1‧‧‧The first element factor unit

2‧‧‧第二元素因子單元 2‧‧‧The second element factor unit

3‧‧‧高頻共用反射部 3‧‧‧High frequency shared reflector

4‧‧‧饋入單元 4‧‧‧Feed unit

5‧‧‧接地 5‧‧‧Ground

6‧‧‧雙面微波基板 6‧‧‧Double-sided microwave substrate

61‧‧‧第一表面 61‧‧‧First Surface

62:第二表面 62: second surface

11:第一雙頻天線 11: The first dual-band antenna

12:第一低頻反射部 12: The first low frequency reflection part

121、221、31:反射本體 121, 221, 31: reflective body

122:第一二極體 122: first diode

123:第一接地分支 123: first ground branch

21:第二雙頻天線 21: The second dual-band antenna

22:第二低頻反射部 22: The second low frequency reflection part

221:反射本體 221: reflective body

222:第二二極體 222: The second diode

223:第二接地分支 223: second ground branch

32:第三二極體 32: The third diode

33:第三接地分支 33: third ground branch

41:第一饋入分支 41: The first feed-in branch

42:第二饋入分支 42: second feed branch

43:饋入端 43: feed end

111:第一接地端 111: first ground terminal

211:第二接地端 211: second ground terminal

S:對稱軸 S: axis of symmetry

71:具有可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組 71: Array antenna module with adjustable element factor

7:電子裝置 7: Electronic device

72:無線晶片 72: wireless chip

73:應用單元 73: Application Unit

74:控制單元 74: control unit

圖1是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組其結構的正面示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of an array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

圖2是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組其結構的背面示意圖。 2 is a schematic back view of the structure of an array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

圖3是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組的透視圖。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

圖4是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組操作在模式零零的2.4GHz輻射場型圖。 4 is a 2.4 GHz radiation pattern diagram of an array antenna module with an adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention operating in a zero mode.

圖5是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組操作在模式零壹的2.4GHz輻射場型圖。 FIG. 5 is a 2.4 GHz radiation pattern diagram of an array antenna module with an adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention operating in mode zero.

圖6是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組操作在模式壹零的2.4GHz輻射場型圖。 FIG. 6 is a 2.4 GHz radiation pattern diagram of an array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention operating in mode one and zero.

圖7是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組操作在模式壹壹的2.4GHz輻射場型圖。 FIG. 7 is a 2.4 GHz radiation pattern diagram of the array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention operating in mode one.

圖8是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模 組其第三二極體導通時的5.5GHz輻射場型圖。 Figure 8 is an array antenna model with adjustable element factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention Set the 5.5GHz radiation field pattern when the third diode is turned on.

圖9是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組其第三二極體不導通時的5.5GHz輻射場型圖。 FIG. 9 is a 5.5 GHz radiation pattern diagram when the third diode of the array antenna module with adjustable element factor is not conducting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖10是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組應用在電子裝置的功能方塊圖。 FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of an array antenna module with an adjustable element factor provided in an embodiment of the present invention applied to an electronic device.

請參照圖1、圖2與圖3，圖1是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組其結構的正面示意圖，圖2是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組其結構的背面示意圖，圖3是本發明實施例提供的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組的透視圖。可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組包括饋入單元4、第一元素因子單元1、第二元素因子單元2以及高頻共用反射部3。饋入單元4具有饋入端43、第一饋入分支41與第二饋入分支42。第一元素因子單元1包括第一雙頻天線11與第一低頻反射部12，其中第一雙頻天線11連接第一饋入分支41，其中第一低頻反射部12除了其反射本體121之外更具有第一二極體122與第一接地分支123，第一低頻反射部12通過第一二極體122與第一接地分支123連接接地5。第二元素因子單元2包括第二雙頻天線21與第二低頻反射部22，其中第二雙頻天線21連接第二饋入分支42，其中第二低頻反射部22除了其反射本體221之外更具有第二二極體222與第二接地分支223，第二低頻反射部22通過第二二極體222與第二接地分支223連接接地5，其中第一雙頻天線11位於第二雙頻天線21與第一 低頻反射部12之間，第二雙頻天線21位於第一雙頻天線21與第二低頻反射部22之間。高頻共用反射部3位於第一元素因子單元1的第一雙頻天線11與第二元素因子單元2的第二雙頻天線21之間，高頻共用反射部3除了其反射本體31之外更具有第三二極體32與第三接地分支33，高頻共用反射部3通過第三二極體32與第三接地分支33連接接地5。上述第一雙頻天線11與第二雙頻天線21皆用以產生第一頻帶與第二頻帶的共振模態，所述第一頻帶是2.4GHz頻帶，所述第二頻帶是5GHz頻帶(例如WiFi頻帶)，但本發明並不限於此。 Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of an array antenna module with adjustable element factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is an array of adjustable element factors provided by an embodiment of the present invention A schematic back view of the structure of the antenna module. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an array antenna module with an adjustable element factor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The array antenna module with adjustable element factor includes a feeding unit 4, a first element factor unit 1, a second element factor unit 2, and a high-frequency shared reflector 3. The feeding unit 4 has a feeding end 43, a first feeding branch 41 and a second feeding branch 42. The first element factor unit 1 includes a first dual-frequency antenna 11 and a first low-frequency reflector 12, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna 11 is connected to the first feeding branch 41, and the first low-frequency reflector 12 is in addition to its reflective body 121 It further has a first diode 122 and a first ground branch 123, and the first low-frequency reflector 12 is connected to the ground 5 through the first diode 122 and the first ground branch 123. The second element factor unit 2 includes a second dual-frequency antenna 21 and a second low-frequency reflector 22, wherein the second dual-frequency antenna 21 is connected to the second feeding branch 42, wherein the second low-frequency reflector 22 is in addition to its reflective body 221 It further has a second diode 222 and a second ground branch 223. The second low-frequency reflector 22 is connected to the ground 5 through the second diode 222 and the second ground branch 223, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna 11 is located in the second dual-frequency Antenna 21 and the first Between the low-frequency reflector 12, the second dual-frequency antenna 21 is located between the first dual-frequency antenna 21 and the second low-frequency reflector 22. The high-frequency common reflection part 3 is located between the first dual-frequency antenna 11 of the first element factor unit 1 and the second dual-frequency antenna 21 of the second element factor unit 2, and the high-frequency common reflection part 3 is except for its reflective body 31 It further has a third diode 32 and a third ground branch 33, and the high-frequency common reflection part 3 is connected to the ground 5 through the third diode 32 and the third ground branch 33. The above-mentioned first dual-frequency antenna 11 and second dual-frequency antenna 21 are both used to generate resonance modes of a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The first frequency band is the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the second frequency band is the 5 GHz frequency band (for example, WiFi frequency band), but the present invention is not limited to this.

具體地，本實施例的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組設置在雙面微波基板6，且饋入單元4、第一雙頻天線11與第二雙頻天線21位於雙面微波基板6的第一表面61，第一低頻反射部12、第二低頻反射部22與高頻共用反射部3位於雙面微波基板6的第二表面62，其中接地5位於雙面微波基板6的第二表面62，饋入單元4的饋入端43用以饋入射頻信號。第一饋入分支41與第二饋入分支42彼此並聯，第一饋入分支41用以構成100歐姆傳輸線，第二饋入分支42用以構成100歐姆傳輸線。因此，並聯的第一饋入分支41與第二饋入分支42構成的輸入阻抗為50歐姆。在本實施例中，第一雙頻天線11更具有第一接地端111，第二雙頻天線21更具有第二接地端211，第一接地端111與第二接地端211皆用以通過貫孔方式連接位於雙面微波基板6的第二表面62的接地5。第一雙頻天線11與第二雙頻天線21例如是平面倒F形天線(PIFA)，但不因此限定，也可以用其他天線形式取代。第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32為裝設於雙面微波基板6的第二表面62的表面黏 著元件。 Specifically, the array antenna module with adjustable element factor of this embodiment is arranged on the double-sided microwave substrate 6, and the feeding unit 4, the first dual-frequency antenna 11 and the second dual-frequency antenna 21 are located on the double-sided microwave substrate 6. The first surface 61, the first low-frequency reflection part 12, the second low-frequency reflection part 22 and the high-frequency common reflection part 3 are located on the second surface 62 of the double-sided microwave substrate 6, wherein the ground 5 is located on the second surface of the double-sided microwave substrate 6 62. The feeding terminal 43 of the feeding unit 4 is used to feed a radio frequency signal. The first feeding branch 41 and the second feeding branch 42 are connected in parallel with each other. The first feeding branch 41 is used to form a 100 ohm transmission line, and the second feeding branch 42 is used to form a 100 ohm transmission line. Therefore, the input impedance formed by the first feeding branch 41 and the second feeding branch 42 connected in parallel is 50 ohms. In this embodiment, the first dual-band antenna 11 further has a first ground terminal 111, and the second dual-band antenna 21 further has a second ground terminal 211. Both the first ground terminal 111 and the second ground terminal 211 are used to pass through The ground 5 on the second surface 62 of the double-sided microwave substrate 6 is connected in a hole manner. The first dual-frequency antenna 11 and the second dual-frequency antenna 21 are, for example, a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA), but it is not limited to this, and other antenna forms can also be used instead. The first diode 122, the second diode 222, and the third diode 32 are surface adhesives mounted on the second surface 62 of the double-sided microwave substrate 6 着Components.

基於上述實施例，可替代的，第一低頻反射部12、第二低頻反射部22可改為位於雙面微波基板6的第一表面61，使得第一雙頻天線11、第二雙頻天線21、第一低頻反射部12與第二低頻反射部22在同一表面(第一表面61)，而高頻共用反射部3位於另一表面(第二表面62)，但本發明並不因此限定。雙面微波基板6也可替換為多層板，或者是第一雙頻天線11、第二雙頻天線21、第一低頻反射部12、第二低頻反射部22與高頻共用反射部3皆在同一表面(例如第一表面61)，但接地路徑需要做修改(例如使用跨線方式連接，以解決線路交疊的問題)。再者，較佳的，高頻共用反射部3具有一對稱軸S，第一元素因子單元1與第二元素因子單元2依據對稱軸S而彼此對稱。換句話說，基於對稱軸S，高頻共用反射部3具有對稱性，第一元素因子單元1與第二元素因子單元2也彼此對稱，即第一雙頻天線11與第二雙頻天線21是彼此對稱，第一低頻反射部12與第二低頻反射部22是彼此對稱。以下的輻射場型控制的實施例是以上述對稱結構的情況作為範例說明，但本發明並不因此限定。 Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, alternatively, the first low-frequency reflection portion 12 and the second low-frequency reflection portion 22 can be changed to be located on the first surface 61 of the double-sided microwave substrate 6, so that the first dual-frequency antenna 11 and the second dual-frequency antenna 21. The first low-frequency reflection portion 12 and the second low-frequency reflection portion 22 are on the same surface (first surface 61), and the high-frequency common reflection portion 3 is located on the other surface (second surface 62), but the present invention is not limited thereby . The double-sided microwave substrate 6 can also be replaced with a multilayer board, or the first dual-frequency antenna 11, the second dual-frequency antenna 21, the first low-frequency reflector 12, the second low-frequency reflector 22, and the high-frequency shared reflector 3 are all in The same surface (for example, the first surface 61), but the grounding path needs to be modified (for example, a cross-line connection is used to solve the problem of overlapping lines). Furthermore, preferably, the high-frequency common reflector 3 has a symmetry axis S, and the first element factor unit 1 and the second element factor unit 2 are symmetrical with each other according to the symmetry axis S. In other words, based on the symmetry axis S, the high-frequency shared reflection part 3 has symmetry, and the first element factor unit 1 and the second element factor unit 2 are also symmetrical to each other, that is, the first dual-frequency antenna 11 and the second dual-frequency antenna 21 They are symmetrical to each other, and the first low-frequency reflection portion 12 and the second low-frequency reflection portion 22 are symmetrical to each other. The following radiation field type control embodiments take the above-mentioned symmetric structure as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereby.

以此陣列天線模組而言，此陣列天線是1x2陣列天線的架構，且輻射場型是由元素因子(element factor)和陣列因子(array factor)相乘而得，在此陣列天線的饋入單元4與天線的間距在製作完成時已決定了陣列因子，改變輻射場型的方式就是靠改變元素因子，也就是改變第一元素因子單元1與第二元素因子單元2各自的輻射場型。對低頻帶輻射場型控制而言，當第一二極體122導通時，第一低頻反射部12通過第一二極體122導通至接地5以與 接地5構成半波長反射器；當第一二極體122不導通時，第一接地分支123延長第一低頻反射部12的接地路徑，以減少反射效果。當第二二極體222導通時，第二低頻反射部22通過第二二極體222導通至接地5以與接地5構成半波長反射器；當第二二極體222不導通時，第二接地分支223延長第二低頻反射部22的接地路徑，以減少反射效果。第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32受控於控制信號以決定導通狀態。對於低頻帶(例如2.4GHz頻帶)的輻射場型，控制第一二極體122與第二二極體222以產生四種操作狀態：模式零零(Mode 00)、模式零壹(Mode 01)、模式壹零(Mode 10)與模式壹壹(Mode 11)。對於高頻帶(例如5GHz頻帶)的輻射場型，控制第三二極體32的導通狀態。請一併參照圖1與圖2，在圖1與圖2中都省略了傳送控制信號至第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32的直流控制線，其中第一二極體122與第二二極體222較佳的是連接有射頻扼流圈(RF Choke)。接著，請參照圖4、圖5、圖6與圖7，對於低頻帶輻射場型控制而言，模式零零(Mode 00)是第一二極體122與第二二極體222都不導通，產生如圖4的輻射場型。模式零壹(Mode 01)是第一二極體122不導通，而第二二極體222導通，如圖5顯示的輻射場型朝向X軸負向偏移。模式壹零(Mode 10)是第一二極體122導通，而第二二極體222不導通，如圖6顯示的輻射場型朝向X軸正向偏移。模式壹壹(Mode 11)是第一二極體122與第二二極體222都導通，如圖7顯示Y軸的增益增加(相較於前述的三個模式)。接著請參照圖8與圖9，對於高頻帶輻射場型控制而言，當第三二極體導通32時，高頻共用反射部3通過第三二極體32導通至接地5以與接地5構成半波長反射器，如圖8顯示在Y軸的 增益較強。當第三二極體32不導通時，高頻共用反射部3通過第三二極體32的直流控制線而連接接地5，以減少反射效果，產生如圖9的輻射場型。或者，第三二極體32的直流控制線連接有射頻扼流圈(RF Choke)使得當第三二極體32不導通時，讓高頻共用反射部3不連接接地5，而減少反射效果。 For this array antenna module, the array antenna is a 1x2 array antenna structure, and the radiation pattern is obtained by multiplying the element factor and the array factor. The feed of the array antenna The distance between the unit 4 and the antenna has determined the array factor when the production is completed. The way to change the radiation pattern is to change the element factor, that is, to change the respective radiation pattern of the first element factor unit 1 and the second element factor unit 2. For low-frequency radiation field control, when the first diode 122 is turned on, the first low-frequency reflector 12 is turned on to the ground 5 through the first diode 122 to be The ground 5 constitutes a half-wave reflector; when the first diode 122 is not conductive, the first ground branch 123 extends the ground path of the first low-frequency reflector 12 to reduce the reflection effect. When the second diode 222 is conductive, the second low-frequency reflector 22 is connected to the ground 5 through the second diode 222 to form a half-wavelength reflector with the ground 5; when the second diode 222 is not conductive, the second The ground branch 223 extends the ground path of the second low-frequency reflector 22 to reduce the reflection effect. The first diode 122, the second diode 222, and the third diode 32 are controlled by control signals to determine the conduction state. For the radiation pattern of the low frequency band (such as the 2.4GHz band), the first diode 122 and the second diode 222 are controlled to generate four operating states: mode zero (Mode 00), mode zero (Mode 01) , Mode One Zero (Mode 10) and Mode One One (Mode 11). For the radiation field pattern of the high frequency band (for example, the 5 GHz frequency band), the conduction state of the third diode 32 is controlled. Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 together. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the DC control lines that transmit control signals to the first diode 122, the second diode 222, and the third diode 32 are omitted. The first diode 122 and the second diode 222 are preferably connected with a radio frequency choke (RF Choke). Next, please refer to FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7, for low-band radiation field control, Mode 00 means that the first diode 122 and the second diode 222 are not conducting , Resulting in the radiation pattern shown in Figure 4. In Mode 01, the first diode 122 is not conducting and the second diode 222 is conducting. The radiation field pattern shown in FIG. 5 is shifted toward the negative X axis. In Mode 10, the first diode 122 is turned on and the second diode 222 is not turned on. The radiation pattern shown in FIG. 6 is shifted toward the positive X axis. In Mode 11, both the first diode 122 and the second diode 222 are turned on, as shown in FIG. 7, the gain of the Y-axis is increased (compared to the aforementioned three modes). Next, referring to Figures 8 and 9, for high-frequency radiation field control, when the third diode is turned on 32, the high-frequency common reflector 3 is connected to the ground 5 through the third diode 32 to connect to the ground 5 Form a half-wavelength reflector, as shown in Figure 8 on the Y axis The gain is stronger. When the third diode 32 is not conducting, the high-frequency common reflection part 3 is connected to the ground 5 through the direct current control line of the third diode 32 to reduce the reflection effect and produce a radiation pattern as shown in FIG. 9. Alternatively, the DC control line of the third diode 32 is connected with a radio frequency choke (RF Choke) so that when the third diode 32 is not conducting, the high-frequency common reflection part 3 is not connected to the ground 5, thereby reducing the reflection effect .

接著，前述實施例的可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組可用於一電子裝置7，請參照圖10的的功能方塊圖。本實施例提供一種具有可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71的電子裝置7，包括無線晶片72、應用單元73以及控制單元74。可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組7請參照前述實施例的說明，可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71的饋入端43連接電子裝置7的無線晶片72。應用單元73連接無線晶片72，由無線晶片72接收可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71的接收信號強度指示(RSSI)或接收資料率(data rate)。控制單元74連接應用單元73、第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32，控制單元74受控於應用單元73用以控制第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32的導通狀態，以控制可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71的輻射場型。應用單元73可包括此電子裝置7的作業系統的應用層的軟體程式，應用單元73包括控制輻射場型的演算法(基於可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71的接收信號強度指示或接收資料率)，以控制控制單元74。應用單元73的演算法運作可以與無線晶片72的運作區隔，使得無線晶片72不需負責控制可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組71，讓天線控制獨立於無線晶片72之外，因此可減少無線晶片72的設計成本。使得，在產品層面的應用時，無線晶片72可以使用通用型的晶片，在更改可調式 元素因子的陣列天線模組71的設計時，只需要修改應用單元73即可(或者，包括修改控制單元74，當第一二極體122、第二二極體222與第三二極體32也一併被修改時)。所述電子裝置7例如是筆記型電腦、膝上型電腦、平板電腦、一體電腦、智慧電視、小型基站或無線路由器，但本發明並不因此限定。 Next, the array antenna module with adjustable element factor of the aforementioned embodiment can be used in an electronic device 7. Please refer to the functional block diagram of FIG. 10. This embodiment provides an electronic device 7 having an array antenna module 71 with an adjustable element factor, including a wireless chip 72, an application unit 73, and a control unit 74. The array antenna module 7 with adjustable element factor, please refer to the description of the foregoing embodiment, the feeding end 43 of the array antenna module 71 with adjustable element factor is connected to the wireless chip 72 of the electronic device 7. The application unit 73 is connected to the wireless chip 72, and the wireless chip 72 receives the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or the received data rate (data rate) of the array antenna module 71 with adjustable element factor. The control unit 74 is connected to the application unit 73, the first diode 122, the second diode 222, and the third diode 32. The control unit 74 is controlled by the application unit 73 to control the first diode 122 and the second diode. The conduction state of the diode 222 and the third diode 32 is used to control the radiation pattern of the array antenna module 71 with adjustable element factor. The application unit 73 may include a software program of the application layer of the operating system of the electronic device 7, and the application unit 73 includes an algorithm for controlling the radiation pattern (based on the received signal strength indicator or received data of the array antenna module 71 of the adjustable element factor). Rate) to control the control unit 74. The algorithm operation of the application unit 73 can be separated from the operation of the wireless chip 72, so that the wireless chip 72 does not need to control the adjustable element factor array antenna module 71, and the antenna control is independent of the wireless chip 72, thus reducing The design cost of the wireless chip 72. So that, in the application of the product level, the wireless chip 72 can use a general-purpose chip, and the adjustable When the element factor array antenna module 71 is designed, only the application unit 73 needs to be modified (or, the modification control unit 74 is included. When the first diode 122, the second diode 222 and the third diode 32 Is also modified together). The electronic device 7 is, for example, a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, an all-in-one computer, a smart TV, a small base station or a wireless router, but the invention is not limited thereby.

綜上所述，本發明實施例所提供的一種可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，利用利用改變元素因子的技術手段，使陣列天線模組在雙頻工作的需求下不需要使用複雜的雙頻饋入網路，使得輻射場型控制的目的與製造成本的降低都能同時達成，且控制電路易於實現，具有很高的產業應用價值。且陣列天線模組本身的控制不需依靠無線晶片，僅以陣列天線模組本身的控制單元執行天線狀態控制，能夠增加產品應用的廣泛度。 In summary, the array antenna module with adjustable element factor provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the technical means of changing the element factor, so that the array antenna module does not need to use complicated dual-frequency operation under the requirement of dual-frequency operation. Frequency feeding into the network, so that the purpose of radiation field control and the reduction of manufacturing costs can be achieved at the same time, and the control circuit is easy to implement, which has high industrial application value. Moreover, the control of the array antenna module itself does not need to rely on the wireless chip, and only the control unit of the array antenna module itself performs antenna state control, which can increase the breadth of product application.

以上所述僅為本發明之實施例，其並非用以侷限本發明之專利範圍。 The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention.

1‧‧‧第一元素因子單元 1‧‧‧The first element factor unit

2‧‧‧第二元素因子單元 2‧‧‧The second element factor unit

3‧‧‧高頻共用反射部 3‧‧‧High frequency shared reflector

4‧‧‧饋入單元 4‧‧‧Feed unit

5‧‧‧接地 5‧‧‧Ground

6‧‧‧雙面微波基板 6‧‧‧Double-sided microwave substrate

11‧‧‧第一雙頻天線 11‧‧‧The first dual-band antenna

12‧‧‧第一低頻反射部 12‧‧‧The first low-frequency reflector

21‧‧‧第二雙頻天線 21‧‧‧Second dual-band antenna

22‧‧‧第二低頻反射部 22‧‧‧Second low frequency reflector

Claims (9)

一種可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，包括：一饋入單元，具有一饋入端、一第一饋入分支與一第二饋入分支；一第一元素因子單元，包括一第一雙頻天線與一第一低頻反射部，其中該第一雙頻天線的連接該第一饋入分支，其中該第一低頻反射部具有一第一二極體與一第一接地分支，該第一低頻反射部通過該第一二極體與該第一接地分支連接一接地；一第二元素因子單元，包括一第二雙頻天線與一第二低頻反射部，其中該第二雙頻天線連接該第二饋入分支，其中該第二低頻反射部具有一第二二極體與一第二接地分支，該第二低頻反射部通過該第二二極體與該第二接地分支連接該接地，其中該第一雙頻天線位於該第二雙頻天線與該第一低頻反射部之間，該第二雙頻天線位於該第一雙頻天線與該第二低頻反射部之間；以及一高頻共用反射部，位於該第一元素因子單元的該第一雙頻天線與該第二元素因子單元的該第二雙頻天線之間，具有一第三二極體與一第三接地分支，該高頻共用反射部通過該第三二極體與該第三接地分支連接該接地；其中，該可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組設置於一雙面微波基板，該饋入單元、該第一雙頻天線與該第二雙頻天線位於該雙面微波基板的一第一表面，該第一低頻反射部、該第二低頻反射部與該高頻共用反射部位於該雙面微波基板的一第二表面，其中該接地位於該雙面微波基板的該第二表面，該饋入單元的該饋入端用以饋入射頻信號。 An array antenna module with adjustable element factor, comprising: a feeding unit with a feeding end, a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch; a first element factor unit including a first dual Frequency antenna and a first low-frequency reflector, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna is connected to the first feeding branch, wherein the first low-frequency reflector has a first diode and a first ground branch, the first The low-frequency reflector is connected to the first grounding branch through the first diode to a ground; a second element factor unit includes a second dual-frequency antenna and a second low-frequency reflector, wherein the second dual-frequency antenna is connected The second feeding branch, wherein the second low-frequency reflection part has a second diode and a second ground branch, and the second low-frequency reflection part is connected to the ground through the second diode and the second ground branch , Wherein the first dual-frequency antenna is located between the second dual-frequency antenna and the first low-frequency reflector, and the second dual-frequency antenna is located between the first dual-frequency antenna and the second low-frequency reflector; and a The high-frequency shared reflection part is located between the first dual-frequency antenna of the first element factor unit and the second dual-frequency antenna of the second element factor unit, and has a third diode and a third ground branch , The high-frequency common reflection part is connected to the ground through the third diode and the third ground branch; wherein the array antenna module with adjustable element factor is arranged on a double-sided microwave substrate, the feeding unit, the The first dual-frequency antenna and the second dual-frequency antenna are located on a first surface of the double-sided microwave substrate, and the first low-frequency reflector, the second low-frequency reflector, and the high-frequency common reflector are located on the double-sided microwave substrate The ground is located on the second surface of the double-sided microwave substrate, and the feeding end of the feeding unit is used for feeding radio frequency signals. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中當該第一二極體導通時，該第一低頻反射部通過該第一二極體導通至該接地以與該接地構成半波長反射器，當該第一二極體不導通時，該第一接地分支延長該第一低頻反射部的接地路徑；其中當該第二二極體導通時，該第二低頻反射部通過該第二二極體導通至該接地以與該接地構成半波長反射器，當該第二二極體不導通時，該第二接地分支延長該第二低頻反射部的接地路徑。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein when the first diode is turned on, the first low-frequency reflector is connected to the ground through the first diode to communicate with the Grounding constitutes a half-wave reflector. When the first diode is not conducting, the first grounding branch extends the grounding path of the first low-frequency reflection part; wherein when the second diode is conducting, the second low-frequency reflection The portion is connected to the ground through the second diode to form a half-wave reflector with the ground. When the second diode is not conductive, the second ground branch extends the ground path of the second low-frequency reflection portion. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中當該第三二極體導通時，該高頻共用反射部通過該第三二極體導通至該接地以與該接地構成半波長反射器；當該第三二極體不導通時，減少反射效果。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein when the third diode is turned on, the high-frequency common reflection part is connected to the ground through the third diode to communicate with the Grounding constitutes a half-wavelength reflector; when the third diode is not conducting, the reflection effect is reduced. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該第一雙頻天線與該第二雙頻天線皆用以產生一第一頻帶與一第二頻帶的共振模態，該第一頻帶是2.4GHz頻帶，該第二頻帶是5GHz頻帶。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna and the second dual-frequency antenna are both used to generate resonance modes of a first frequency band and a second frequency band , The first frequency band is the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the second frequency band is the 5 GHz frequency band. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該第一雙頻天線更具有一第一接地端，該第二雙頻天線更具有一第二接地端，該第一接地端與該第二接地端皆用以通過貫孔方式連接位於該雙面微波基板的該第二表面的該接地。 According to the array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the first dual-frequency antenna further has a first ground terminal, the second dual-frequency antenna further has a second ground terminal, and the Both a ground terminal and the second ground terminal are used to connect the ground on the second surface of the double-sided microwave substrate through a through hole. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該第一二極體、該第二二極體與該第三二極體為裝設於該雙面微波基板的該第二表面的表面黏著元件。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the first diode, the second diode and the third diode are mounted on the double-sided microwave substrate The surface adhesive element on the second surface. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該第一饋入分支與該第二饋入分支彼此並聯，該第一饋入分支 用以構成100歐姆傳輸線，該第二饋入分支用以構成100歐姆傳輸線。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are connected in parallel with each other, and the first feeding branch It is used to form a 100 ohm transmission line, and the second feeding branch is used to form a 100 ohm transmission line. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該高頻共用反射部具有一對稱軸，該第一元素因子單元與該第二元素因子單元依據該對稱軸而彼此對稱。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency common reflector has a symmetry axis, and the first element factor unit and the second element factor unit are mutually connected according to the symmetry axis symmetry. 根據請求項第1項所述之可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組，其中該可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組用於一電子裝置，該電子裝置包括一無線晶片、一應用單元與一控制單元，該饋入單元的該饋入端連接該無線晶片；該應用單元連接該無線晶片，由該無線晶片接收可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組的接收信號強度指示或接收資料率；該控制單元連接該應用單元、該第一二極體、該第二二極體與該第三二極體，該控制單元受控於該應用單元用以控制該第一二極體、該第二二極體與該第三二極體的導通狀態，以控制該可調式元素因子的陣列天線模組的輻射場型。 The array antenna module with adjustable element factor according to claim 1, wherein the array antenna module with adjustable element factor is used in an electronic device, and the electronic device includes a wireless chip, an application unit and a control Unit, the feeding end of the feeding unit is connected to the wireless chip; the application unit is connected to the wireless chip, and the wireless chip receives the received signal strength indication or the received data rate of the array antenna module with adjustable element factor; the control The unit is connected to the application unit, the first diode, the second diode, and the third diode. The control unit is controlled by the application unit to control the first diode and the second diode. The conduction state of the pole body and the third diode is used to control the radiation field pattern of the array antenna module with adjustable element factor.
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TWI495277B (en) * 2013-09-14 2015-08-01 Univ Southern Taiwan Sci & Tec Multi-input multi-output antenna for wireless transceiver
TWI502815B (en) * 2012-08-20 2015-10-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Dual frequency antenna
CN106129613A (en) * 2016-08-23 2016-11-16 常熟市泓博通讯技术股份有限公司 The antenna structure of adjustable radiation field pattern
TWM571056U (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-01 Dual antenna element

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1969426B (en) * 2004-06-17 2012-12-26 美商内数位科技公司 Low profile smart antenna for wireless applications and associated methods
TWI502815B (en) * 2012-08-20 2015-10-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Dual frequency antenna
CN102832452A (en) * 2012-09-18 2012-12-19 桂林电子科技大学 High-isolation double-unit MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna array
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