TWI699106B - 具有無線通訊界面之中介件上補塊封裝體 - Google Patents

具有無線通訊界面之中介件上補塊封裝體 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI699106B
TWI699106B TW105126206A TW105126206A TWI699106B TW I699106 B TWI699106 B TW I699106B TW 105126206 A TW105126206 A TW 105126206A TW 105126206 A TW105126206 A TW 105126206A TW I699106 B TWI699106 B TW I699106B
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patch
interposer
radio frequency
package
die
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TW105126206A
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TW201713098A (en
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泰勒斯弗 坎嘉因
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美商英特爾公司
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Abstract

具有無線通訊界面之中介件上之一補塊(PoINT)封裝體係被描述。一些範例包括一中介件、附接到該中介件的一主要補塊、附接到該補塊的一主要積體電路晶粒、附接到該中介件的一第二補塊,以及附接到該第二補塊且透過該中介件耦接到該主要積體電路晶粒以在該主要晶粒與一外部組件之間傳遞資料的一毫米波射頻晶粒。

Description

具有無線通訊界面之中介件上補塊封裝體
本描述是涉及在積體電路封裝體之間的通訊,且特別是指使用一無線射頻收發器之通訊。
在多個CPU伺服器中,多個CPU高性能電腦與其他多晶片系統在不同的CPU之間直接地通訊可大量地增強整體系統性能。直接通訊降低了通訊負擔(overhead)以及通訊延遲。此對於資料寫入共享記憶體庫的使用情況來說特別如此。直接通訊可由在承載有CPU之該系統板上加入一開關或者一開關矩陣來達成。
可以透過系統版來達成到開關的連接。這需要資料透過插槽針腳攜帶以用於插槽CPU。插槽連接的數量受限於插槽的大小。資料率亦受到材料與CPU、插槽與系統板之間的界面限制。到開關的連接亦可以使用彈性頂側連接器來製造。此等連接器將一個晶片直接地以專用電纜連接到另一個晶片避免了使用插槽與系統板。頂側連接器提供較高資料率但是較昂貴。此外,因為在所有的此等晶片定位之後必須放置且連接電纜,封裝體是較複雜且將 封裝體組裝成為系統是較複雜的。
根據本發明之實施例,係特地提出一種積體電路晶粒封裝體,其包含:一中介件;附接到該中介件的一主要補塊;附接到該補塊的一主要積體電路晶粒;附接到該中介件的一第二補塊;以及附接到該第二補塊且透過該中介件而耦接到該主要積體電路晶粒以在該主要晶粒與一外部組件之間傳遞資料的一毫米波射頻晶粒。
2:板體
4:處理器
6:通訊晶片
8:揮發性記憶體
9:非揮發性記憶體
10:大量儲存裝置
12:圖形處理器
14:晶片組
16:天線
18:顯示器
20:觸控螢幕控制器
22:電池
24:功率放大器
26:全球定位系統(GPS)裝置
28:羅盤
30:揚聲器
32:攝錄機
100:計算裝置
102:中介件
104、108:補塊
106-1~106-5:晶粒
110-1~110-5:晶粒
112:補塊
114:積體電路晶粒
116:散熱器
120:插槽
122:安裝點
124:系統板
128:封裝蓋
130、132:跡線
202、203:晶粒或晶片
302:局部振盪器
308:主動倍壓器
310:正交混合器
312:降頻器
314:升壓器或混合器
320:RX(接收)鍊
322:低雜訊放大器(LNA)
324:寬頻基頻(BB)放大鏈
340:TX(發送)鏈
342:BB數位驅動器鏈
344:功率放大器(PA)
350:無線射頻晶片
352:基板
324:寬頻基頻(BB)放大鏈
356:接收天線
358:發射天線
402:晶片或晶粒
404:封裝體
424、410、420:射頻
426、412、422:Tx、Rx天線對
430:跡線
500:計算系統
502:晶片組
504:處理器
506:處理器
508、510:模組
512:周邊組件
512、514:PCI界面
516:圖形處理器
518:顯示器
520:界面
522、524:SATA界面
526:SAS界面
528:大量儲存器
530:PCI界面
532:通訊界面
534:使用者界面
536:大量儲存器
602:中介件
604、608:補塊
606、610:晶粒
612:補塊
614:主要晶粒
620:插槽
622:散熱器安裝件
624:主機板
630:天線
632:天線
642:中介件
644、648:補塊
646、650:晶粒
652:補塊
654:主要晶粒
662:散熱器安裝件
668:散熱器
670、672:天線
704:中介件
706:補塊
708:CPU
710:補塊
712:射頻
720:佈線層
722:佈線層
724:佈線層
726:中央加強件或核心
730:BGA
734:焊球格閘陣列
736:SGA
738:低節距附加件
740:系統
實施例以範例的方式例示說明而非用來限制,在附加的圖式中的圖中相似的元件標號用來指稱類似的元件。
圖1為根據一實施例之用來在中介件上補塊上之晶片至晶片通訊的一無線互連件的一頂部平面圖;圖2為圖1的封裝體安裝在根據一實施例之插槽內的一橫剖面側視圖;圖3為根據一實施例之射頻晶片與相關組件的一方塊圖;圖4為根據一實施例之具有用於晶片對晶片通訊之多個無線互連件的一封裝體之一頂部視圖;圖5為根據一實施例之具有多個高速界面的一計算系統的一方塊圖;圖6為在根據一實施例之中介件封裝體上補塊上之用於晶片對晶片通訊的一替代無線互連件的一橫剖 面側視圖;圖7為在根據一實施例之中介件封裝體上補塊上之用於晶片對晶片通訊的另一替代無線互連件的一橫剖面側視圖;圖8為在根據一實施例之中介件封裝體上補塊上之用於晶片對晶片通訊的另一替代無線互連件的一頂面平面圖;圖9為根據一實施例之圖8的封裝體的一橫剖側視圖;圖10為根據一實施例之併入無線界面的一計算裝置的一方塊圖。
如在此所描述者,一種無線互連件可以整合到具有PoINT(中介件上補塊,Patch on Interposer)架構的一伺服器封裝體以及類似類型的封裝體上。補塊可以是多層有機封裝體基板,其使用超薄增建層以及進階基板設計規則。設計規則可與最新的矽節點相容。這允許了晶粒可以數百到少於100μm的精細C4突塊節距(pitch)來組裝在補塊上。補塊附接到一中介件上。中介件亦可為基於多層有機基板技術,但是具有較低精確度之較低成本。為了降低成本,中介件設計規則可以更類似於印刷電路板。中介件典型地使用焊球格閘陣列耦接到補塊。在一些實施例中,補塊可以是N節點相容基板,然而中介件為(N-M)節點相容,且M是大於或等於1。
針對一較傳統積體電路伺服器與微伺服器封裝體,一無線互連件可以放置在封裝體的邊緣。此最小化了由於阻礙之干涉,阻礙諸如積體散熱片(HIS)與散熱器。在具有PoINT架構的封裝體上,用來做為積體電路晶粒之支撐基板的中介件典型地使用較低成本與較低精確度材料與製造程序。作為結果,無線互連件的精細節距收發器晶片很難以附接到中介件。
如在此描述之附加補塊可附接到靠近封裝體的邊緣處,而支撐毫米波無線互連件晶粒。收發器晶粒可接著被組裝在補塊上,且天線可整合在補塊內或者在中介件之中。
小補塊允許毫米波收發器晶粒可放置在任何期望位置而不使用較昂貴或較精準的封裝體基板。這允許了中介件之較低成本的優點可與安裝毫米波無線互連件的封裝體之許多優點結合,優點包括了架構彈性與互連件重新組態性。在一些實施例中,由於中介件之厚度,在中介件中實施的天線相較於更昂貴的封裝體基板具有較大的頻寬。在一補塊上實施射頻降低了可能與在一中介件上致能精細節距總成相關連的許多潛在成本。
圖1為範例PoINT封裝體的一頂部平面圖,顯示在主要晶粒之兩個相對側的無線互連件。在此實施例中,主要晶粒是一中央處理單元(CPU)晶粒。可能有更多或更少的無線互連件,且他們可被放置在不同的位置處,包括在中介件的另外兩側之位置。雖然中介件的側面 上仍有空間,針對PoINT封裝體基板之中介件的設計規則是過於粗糙以至於無法容納精細節距之毫米波射頻晶粒總成。
主要積體電路晶粒114,在此案例中CPU(中央處理單元)是組裝在封裝體中央之中介件102上的補塊112上。一類似的封裝體可使用於不同類型的處理器、記憶體晶粒或者通訊界面。收發器晶粒106-1至106-5以及110-1至110-5組裝在一或許多補塊104、108上,該等補塊係附接到該中介件的邊緣處。在一些實施例中,收發器晶粒是先附接到各別的補塊上,接著被組裝到中介件上。承載著射頻的補塊是安裝在靠近中介件的邊緣處以提供一更清晰的輻射路徑給一鄰近的外部組件。在邊緣處,補塊亦可被安裝在散熱器116的外部以避免散熱器對信號傳播的任何影響。
附加的小補塊104、108可被組態為可承載一單一晶粒因此在各側上使用多個補塊。可替代地,如顯示者,一單一補塊可承載多個射頻晶粒。中介件封裝體上的補塊概念藉由使用較低成本的中介件材料與較少數量的補塊材料而提供成本節省。據此,補塊的尺寸與位置可以被選擇來簡化組裝與將成本最小化。用於各射頻晶粒的天線可以建造為對應補塊的一部分或者可建造在中介件上。較粗糙的補塊架構可以很容易的被製造來承載一天線結構。
兩個較大補塊104、108是顯示在CPU的相對側上且中介件用於承載所有的射頻晶粒。這提供來作為 一範例且其他的組態係顯示在其他圖式中。可以使用不同的線性與矩形形狀。可替代地,一「環形補塊」可使用來容納更多的射頻。以環形、弧形或者彎曲形補塊,一些射頻晶粒可以附接到面對不同方向的補塊,接著如其他補塊一樣,補塊被附接到中介件上。
射頻晶粒106、110全部透過在中介件頂表面之跡線130、132被耦接到積體電路晶粒114上。雖然跡線顯示為在頂表面上,跡線亦可且可替代地在中介件的內部金屬層中被規劃路徑。位於CPU補塊與射頻補塊之間的大部分的跡線是低頻信號,但對於外部來源會需要組抗控制與雜訊抗擾性。為此理由,可以使用接地平面導波管於表面路徑規劃。在補塊與中介件內部的路徑可以具有較佳的組抗與雜訊條件。類似於帶狀線傳輸現的結構可以使用於在CPU補塊與中介件層內部關鍵的路徑規劃。
為了簡化,跡線是顯示為在無線晶粒與主晶粒之間的單一線,然而,可以有更多的跡線,典型地針對各射頻晶粒是四個或更多跡線。此等可以被結合或者分離地維持。這可以是在主晶粒處多工處理且接著由射頻晶粒所分離。跡線可以取決於特定的實施而位在頂表面或者在一較低層處。如所顯示者,所有跡線全部連接到主晶粒的不同接腳,然而,他們可以全部連接到同一接腳且主晶粒補塊112可將來自中介件跡線到主晶粒之間的線重新規劃路徑。
圖2為圖1之封裝體的一側視圖,其中封裝體 中介件102是安裝到一插槽120。插槽是安裝到一主機板或者系統板124。如所顯示者,散熱器116是以積體散熱片(HIS)的形式。其可以機械地與電性地使用熱界面材料附接到晶粒114的頂部。其亦可從晶粒延伸到兩個射頻晶粒106、110使得來自射頻晶粒的熱可以分散到散熱器。雖然散熱器是與射頻晶粒的頂部接觸,射頻晶粒的側邊是保持未被覆蓋的。對於安裝有晶粒天線,這允許了天線可向外輻射到外部的組件。類似地,補塊的側邊是未覆蓋的使得安裝有補塊天線亦可以向外輻射。
如此側視圖中所示,射頻晶粒補塊104、108是分離且遠離主晶粒補塊112,且是放置在靠近中介件102的邊緣處。射頻晶粒補塊提供射頻晶粒一安全的高密度附接點。如圖1中所示,在各側上可以有多個射頻以與多於一個外部組件通訊或者可增加總頻寬或者系統的資料攜帶容量。在此範例中,封裝體亦包括封裝蓋128,其如同散熱器為HIS操作且作為晶粒與補塊的保護性蓋體。此蓋延伸過在中介件附近所有的組件且停在主機板上之安裝點122。如所顯示,此蓋可提供孔洞,無線收發器透過此孔洞可通訊。
射頻晶粒可包括天線或者天線可被提供為分離於補塊或換位器之上或之內的結構。一些實施例顯示於圖6和7當中,然而本發明並不限定於此。在本範例中,天線是形成在提供了較大平台的補塊中,且是由合適的天線材料所製成。射頻信號接著透過在蓋中的孔洞移動到補 塊104、108或者從補塊104、108移動出來。孔洞可以為開孔或者是蓋體中是由不同材料所製成的一部分。可替代地,蓋可以由熱傳導但是對於毫米波射頻波是通透的材料所製成。在此等案例中,不需要開孔、孔洞或者視窗。在另一實施例中,蓋的頂表面可以由導電金屬製造以輻射熱,以及可由對於毫米波射頻波是通透之不同的材料所製造以支撐金屬部分。
中介件為具有如同在該中介件中之垂直互連結構的堆疊介層孔結構之陣列的介電結構。垂直介層孔連接於在介層孔之間的圖樣化水平金屬層間。諸如中等階層互連件(MLI)焊球之頂側連接件被使用來連接到放置在MLI焊球上方的補塊。球閘陣列(BGA)平面網格陣列(LGA)或類似結構被使用在相對側上來將中介件連接到插槽或直接的連接到主機板。補塊可具有不同結構以適應不同的應用。用於一CPU,補塊具有典型的薄核心(例如,厚度約400μm)且支援路徑規劃(RTG)與電力遞送(PD)功能以用於其等所承載之晶粒。一CPU補塊亦可具有以積體電路路由層而增加到約20μm至30μm的增建層。亦可使用加強材與被動裝置,諸如晶粒側電容(DSC)。用於無線射頻波收發器晶粒,可以使用不同類型的補塊。針對在毫米波與子THz頻率之操作,全部的射頻補塊可具有從少於200μm到大於600μm之範圍內變化的一厚度。無線射頻補塊可以具有超薄核心(例如,約40μm至100μm)與增加到約100μm的增建層。用於CPU,補塊典型地由 符合特定CPU性能標準的有機材料所製造。用毫米波無線射頻,性能標準是不同的且需求較少。雖然可以使用一個類似的有機基板,但並非必須。可以替代使用包括非有機基板的其他基板,諸如玻璃、低溫共燒陶瓷等等。
焊球連接件來將補塊被附加到中介件上,例如熱壓接合(TCB)或者回焊。可替代地,可使用迷你球或表面安裝技術。補塊亦附接到晶粒。補塊可包括用來將晶粒連接重新分布於較粗之節距的佈線層。較粗之節距更適合用於中介件材料。BGA亦可使用來作為在CPU補塊與中介件之間的MLI。對於無線射頻有更少的連接以致使連接點(junction)可以更淺。針對一淺連接點,可以使用SGA(焊料格陣列)。
圖3為連接到可用於在此描述之無線互連件的組件的一收發器或一無線射頻晶片系統架構之一範例的一方塊圖。收發器晶片可採用各種其他形式且可包括附加功能,取決於特定的實施。此無線射頻設計僅提供作為範例。無線射頻晶片350安裝在封裝體基板352上,主要積體電路晶粒或晶片202、203亦如圖1中所示安裝在該封裝體基板352上。基板352安裝到PCB或主機板。無線射頻封裝體可包括一局部振盪器(LO)302或者到一外部LO的一連接件,且選擇性地包括一開關,該開關允許外部LO饋送以替代於或者附加於內部LO而被使用。LO訊號可通過一放大器與多工器,諸如主動倍壓器308與0/90°正交混合器310以驅動一升頻器與混合器314。為了不要模糊其他細 節,補塊未顯示在此範例中。
RX(接收)鏈320可包括耦接於一低雜訊放大器(LNA)322之封裝體中的一接收天線356與具有用於類比至數位轉換之降頻器312的一寬頻基頻(BB)放大鏈324。TX(發送)鏈340可包括至升壓器314的一BB數位驅動器鏈342與至發射天線358的一功率放大器(PA)344。可以有多個發送與接收鏈以同時透過多個頻道來發送與接收。各種頻道可以取決於特定的實施而以不同方式組合或合併。
TX與RX鏈皆透過基板耦接至天線。可以有針對TX或RX的單一天線或者可以有如顯示之分離的RX與TX天線。天線可以被設計為具有不同的輻射場型以適應不同的無線連接。這可以允許晶片與在主機板上之不同位置的多個天線通訊。窄波束傳輸與接收場型允許功率集中在單一方向以用於僅與一個其他裝置通訊。
圖4為在一單一PoINT封裝體上多個無線互連件之實施的範例之頂部視圖。在此範例中,分離的天線被用於發送與接收,但也可能在Tx與Rx鏈之間共享天線。天線尺寸可從1.25x1.25mm變化到少於2.5x2.5mm或者取決於載體的頻率、期望增益以及傳輸範圍而更大。
一單一積體電路晶片或晶粒402包括處理系統與基頻系統兩者,且是安裝至一封裝體404。晶片的基頻部分透過封裝體上跡線430耦接於射頻晶片或晶粒,其接著被透過封裝體耦接到天線。在此範例中,積體電路晶 片為用於微伺服器的一CPU且為矩形的。在CPU的四側各者上有射頻晶片。在圖式中顯示為頂部、左邊與底部的多側各者具有耦接到各自的Tx、Rx天線對426、412、422的各自之射頻424、410、420。顯示為右側的面顯示了五個射頻,各自連接到一個別的天線對。在各側之射頻與天線的數量可基於在各方向所需之通訊率來判定。
在微伺服器封裝體上很少會需要高速鏈路。一單一鏈路可以在跨越幾公分的距離以超過40-80Gb/s的資料率來遞送。峰值資料率取決於調變策略。資料率仍可以大約5-10Gb/s的資料率在高達50公分的距離來傳輸。
圖4顯示實施在一封裝體的同一側上的許多無線鏈路。這允許增加累積資料率。可替代地,資料可被傳送到在同一大致方向之不同的其他裝置。射頻晶片與天線兩者都被朝向封裝體的邊緣而放置,以限制在射頻補塊中可能會因為來自散熱器與散熱件的干擾。一般來說,對於銅跡線基頻訊號的耗損相較於透過同一銅跡線而用於一RF(射頻)訊號的耗損來少的多。作為結果,射頻晶片可能必須維持在非常靠近天線。由於透過基板之RF路徑規劃,這限制了電子訊號與功率耗損。射頻晶片可以任何期望方式被安裝在封裝體上,且甚至可以被嵌入基板或者是基板的一部分。藉由使用多個射頻,封裝體上毫米波無線互連件可以被定標用於極高資料率應用。這在諸如伺服器與媒體紀錄、處理與編輯系統之系統中是非常有用的。如 所顯示者,多個鏈路可以被放在一起以達到接近一Tb/s的資料率。
圖5為具有多個高速界面的一計算系統500的一方塊圖,該等多個高速界面可使用在此描述的無線連接件來實施。計算系統可實施為一伺服器、一微伺服器、工作站或其他計算裝置。系統具有了有多個處理核心的兩個處理器504、506,雖然可以取決於特定實施而有更多處理器。處理器透過諸如在此描述之無線互連件之一合適的互連件彼此耦接。處理器各者被使用合適的連接件來耦接到各自的DRAM(動態隨機存取記憶體)模組508、510,連接諸如在此描述之連接。處理器亦各耦接到一PCI(周邊組件互連)界面512、514。此連接可為有線或無線的。
PCI界面允許連接到各種高速附加組件,諸如圖形處理器516與用於顯示的其他高速I/O系統、儲存與I/O。圖形處理器驅動一顯示器518。可替代地,圖形處理器為處理器中的一核心或者一晶粒。圖形處理器亦可透過一晶片組耦接到一不同界面。
該等處理器亦均耦接到一晶片組502,該晶片組502提供了用於許多其他界面與連接件的一單一接觸點。到晶片組之連接亦可為有線或無線的,處理器中的一者或兩者可取決於實施而連接到晶片組。如所顯示者,處理器504可具有到一或多個處理器506、記憶體508、周邊組件512與一晶片組502的一無線連接。如圖4之多個射頻與天線所暗示,此等連接可全部為無線的。可替代地,一 些此等連接可為有線的。處理器可具有到其他處理器的多個無線鏈路。類似地,如各種周邊界面所顯示者,晶片組502可具有到一或多個該等處理器之無線連接。
晶片組係耦接到USB(通用序列匯流排)界面520,其可提供用於連接到各種其他裝置之埠,裝置包括一使用者界面534。晶片組可連接到SATA(序列進階技術附接)界面522、524,其可提供用於大量儲存器536或其他裝置之埠。晶片組可連接到其他高速界面,諸如SAS(序列附接小電腦序列界面)界面526,其具有用於附加大量儲存器528、附加PCI界面530與通訊界面532的埠,諸如乙太網路或任何其他期望有線或無線界面。所描述的組件全部安裝到一或多個板與卡上以提供所描述之連接。
圖6為一替代封裝體組態的剖面側視圖。在此範例中,在內部封裝體上的一補塊具有在該射頻補塊上的天線。一主要晶粒614,諸如CPU、記憶體、通訊或資料界面或其他類型的晶粒係附接到一補塊612上,其係耦接到一中介件602。中介件被安裝到一插槽620,該插槽被安裝到一主機板624或一些其他的系統板上。中介件的各側具有一或多個特殊小補塊604、608在一側上僅顯示一個小補塊。射頻晶粒606、610各附接到各自的補塊上以提供到其他封裝體的毫米波通訊,其他封裝體可在同一板上或另一附近板上或甚至到切換至將被規劃路徑到另一位置上。
在一範例中,如先前描述的範例中,射頻晶 粒610被安裝到補塊608的頂部。在此等案例中,來自主要晶粒614的跡線透過主要補塊612跨越中介件以透過射頻補塊電性地連接到射頻晶粒。跡線與連接透過補塊攜帶資料且亦可在主要晶粒與射頻晶粒之間攜帶控制訊號。射頻晶粒被耦接到主要天線630以透過毫米波導引資料訊號到恰當的外部組件。在此案例中的天線是形成在補塊中的層內。這可以藉由在補塊的金屬層中且在介電層之間形成恰當的金屬形狀而完成。可以藉由控制金屬層的形狀來形成任何各種不同的天線形狀。
在其他範例中,射頻晶粒606位於補塊604的底側。在該補塊的底側上形成一個井,其足夠大使得射頻晶粒可以配裝在該井內。由於該井,射頻晶粒不會干擾在補塊與中介件之間的焊球連接。此範例例示說明射頻晶粒可以被放置在補塊上的不同的位置處以容納其他組件。在此案例中,將晶粒移動到補塊的底側使得天線632會被安裝在補塊的頂部。射頻晶粒與天線可透過補塊的金屬層連接。從射頻補塊的頂部,天線可以與外部組件通訊且免於可能會***槽或者其他附近裝置的干擾。
如所顯示者,無線互連件606、610、630、632完全地整合在各自的補塊606、608上。射頻晶粒與射頻收發器之天線兩者位於同一補塊或基板上。
在例示範例中,沒有蓋體,但顯示了散熱器安裝件622。他們是用來在安裝該散熱器時將散熱器維持在封裝體與插槽上。由於天線通常會被散熱器覆蓋,可在 散熱器中提供開口或窗戶以允許毫米波訊號通過散熱器。
圖7為另一替代封裝體組態的橫剖面側視圖。在此範例中,整體在補塊644、648與中介件642之間被分開。精細節距射頻晶粒646、650被組裝在各自的補塊上同時天線670、672被實施在中介件上。如在以上的範例中,天線係使用在基板中嵌入金屬層堆疊起來而形成。除了具有預先組裝射頻晶粒的多個射頻晶粒如同CPU補塊同時被附加在中介件上之外,製造的操作類似於使用一單一CPU晶粒來做出一PoINT封裝體。
PoINT封裝體具有一主要晶粒654,其係組裝到安裝在中介件642的一補塊652上。中介件亦具有帶有了對應附接射頻晶粒646、650的射頻晶粒補塊644、648。在此範例中,如先前範例中一樣,射頻晶粒被附加到射頻補塊的頂表面,然而,射頻晶粒可被被安裝在補塊上的許多其他位置處,取決於針對系統之特定需求。
在此範例中,用於射頻兩者的天線670、672係形成在中介件的層中且並非在補塊之內或之上。中介件粗糙的節距是非常適合毫米波射頻天線。射頻晶粒可透過補塊或透過連接到中介件之焊球而耦接到各自的天線。雖然天線顯示為直接地位於各自的射頻晶粒之下,中介件的金屬層可用來將來自射頻晶粒的資料訊號移動(translate)到另一位置。使用中介件,各個天線可移動到任何合適的位置,此位置可鄰近於或者間隔於天線的位置。
圖7亦顯示了散熱器668如同一蓋體而附接 於封裝體之上,且附接到散熱器安裝件662。如所顯示者,此覆蓋了射頻與天線,但散熱器可適用於供應透過該散熱器毫米波傳輸。
圖8是不具有蓋體之一替代CPU封裝體的一頂視圖。封裝體具有中介件704。CPU708被耦接到中央CPU補塊706,該補塊706接著會被附接到靠近中介件的中心處。一組射頻712會附接到一環形補塊710附近的許多不同位置。此環形補塊被附接到在CPU補塊附近的中介件。此環形補塊形成一環,或者一外圍(enclosure),且圍繞CPU補塊。雖然環形補塊顯示為在中介件的全部四側是完全地圍繞主要CPU補塊,環形補塊可以僅在兩或三側是圍繞該主要補塊,且可以不延伸跨越中介件的一完整側。
環形補塊類似在此描述之其他射頻補塊,係顯示為被放置在靠近中介件的邊緣或者中介件的周圍處。這允許了來自封裝體到外部組件之更清晰的路徑。已經發現射頻頻道性能是比靠近封裝體之邊緣的射頻好,然而針對該射頻與針對該天線的最佳設置將取決於封裝體與針對該射頻訊號之意欲傳導方向。當天線被形成在補塊之內或之上,那麼將補塊放置在靠近封裝體之邊緣處以及任何散熱器之外或者蓋體有顯著的優勢。當天線被形成在中介件中,將補塊放置在靠近天線仍有優勢,但射頻可以更遠離中介件的邊緣。
圖9為同一封裝體之橫剖側視圖。在此視圖中,中介件704具有中央加強件或核心726,該中央加強件 或核心726形成封裝體的結構。環形補塊710完全圍繞中介件的外側邊緣而延伸,且在不同位置承載多個射頻712。這可以被用來允許射頻更佳地與中介件附近之在不同位置的其他組件通訊。射頻以諸如一焊料格陣列之一較低成本低節距附加件738而被附加到環形補塊。射頻或環形補塊可附接到具有類似SGA736的該中介件。該中央CPU708可附接到較精細節距較高熱應力系統740。該CPU補塊可接著被附接到具有諸如一焊球格閘陣列734之一較低節距陣列的該中介件。中介件顯示為以另一BGA730外部地附加,雖然針對此等連接的各者也可使用其他附加件。
如所顯示者,環形補塊具有用於將該射頻連接到天線且用於將射頻連接到CPU的許多佈線層720。類似地,中介件具有在核心726上用於將該等射頻連接到CPU的佈線層724。在核心下方的佈線層722可用來將CPU連接到外部BGA730或其他連接器。在核心上方或下方的佈線層可使用介層孔(未顯示)或者任何其他期望結構而耦接在一起。CPU補塊類似地具有用來將許多CPU連接如期望而規劃路徑的多個佈線層(未顯示)。佈線層、連接陣列與其他特徵亦可為在此描述之任何其他實施例的一部份。如以上所提及者,補塊可由不同材料以不同尺寸製成。雖然僅顯示了矩形補塊,本發明不限定在此且補塊可適應來合適不同型態因子、射頻傳輸特性與功能。
圖10例示說明根據另一實施的一計算裝置100。計算裝置100容裝一板體2。該板體2可包括若干組 件,包括但不限定於一處理器4與至少一通訊晶片6。處理器4實體地且電性耦合於該板體2。在一些實施中,該至少一通訊晶片6亦實體地且電性耦合於該板體2。在進一步實施中,通訊晶片6是該處理器4的一部份。
取決於其應用,計算裝置11可包括其他組件,該等組件可以也可以不實體地且電性耦合於該板體2。此等其他組件包括但不限定於,揮發性記憶體(例如,DRAM)8、非揮發性記憶體(例如,ROM)9、快閃記憶體(未顯示)、圖形處理器12、數位訊號處理器(未顯示)、加密處理器(未顯示)、晶片組14、天線16、諸如觸控顯示器的顯示器18、觸控螢幕控制器20、電池22、音訊編碼解碼器(未顯示)、視訊編碼解碼器(未顯示)、功率放大器24、全球定位系統(GPS)裝置26、羅盤28、加速度計(未顯示)、陀螺儀(未顯示)、揚聲器30、攝錄機32、大量儲存裝置(諸如硬碟驅動器)10、壓縮磁碟(CD)(未顯示)、數位多功能磁碟(DVD)(未顯示)以及等等。此等組件可連接到系統板體2、安裝在系統板體上或者與任何其他組件結合。
通訊晶片6致能針對來自計算裝置11之資料或發至計算裝置11之資料的轉移之無線及/或有線通訊。用字「無線」與其衍生字可以用來描述電路、裝置、系統、方法、技術、通訊頻道等等,其可透過利用非固體媒體之調變電磁輻射的使用來傳遞資料。此用字並非隱含著相關聯裝置不必包含任何佈線,雖然在一些實施例中可以不包 含佈線。通訊晶片6可實施任何數量的無線或有線標準或通訊協定,包括但不限定於下列各者:Wi-Fi(IEEE 802.11家族)、WiMAX(IEEE 802.16 family)、IEEE 802.20,long term evolution(LTE)、Ev-DO、HSPA+、HSDPA+、HSUPA+、EDGE、GSM、GPRS、CDMA、TDMA、DECT、藍牙、乙太網之衍生物,以及被指定為3G、4G、5G與以上的任何其他無線與有線通訊協定。計算裝置11可包括複數個通訊晶片6。例如,一第一通訊晶片6可專用於較短程無線通訊,諸如Wi-Fi與藍牙,一第二通訊晶片6可專用於較大範圍無線通訊,諸如GPS、EDGE、GPRS、CDMA、WiMAX、LTE、Ev-DO、及其他者。
在一些實施中,該等組件中的任何一者或多者可適用於使用在此描述的無線連接。圖12之系統的特徵可適用於圖7之系統且反之亦然。例如圖12的系統可承載多個處理器。圖7的系統可包括圖12中所顯示之周邊中的任何一者或多者。用字「處理器」可代表任何裝置或一裝置的部分,其用於處理來自暫存器及/或記憶體之電子資料而轉換該電子資料成為可被儲存在暫存器及/或記憶體內的其他電子資料。
在各種實施中,計算裝置11可為一膝上型電腦、輕省筆電、筆記型電腦、超輕薄筆電、智慧型手機、平板電腦、個人數位助理(PDA)、超行動PC、行動電話、桌上型電腦、伺服器、印表機、掃描器、監視器、機上盒、 娛樂控制單元、數位攝錄器、可攜帶音樂播放棄、或數位視頻記錄器。在更進一步的實施中,計算裝置11可為任何其他電子裝置,包括可穿戴裝置,其用來處理資料。
實施例可實施為一或多個記憶體晶片、控制器、CPU(中央處理單元)、使用一主機板來互連之微晶片或積體電路、特定應用積體電路(ASIC)及/或場可編程閘陣列(FPGA)的一部分。
提到「一個實施例」、「一實施例」、「範例實施例」、「各種實施例」等指示出實施例是描述可包括特定特徵、結構或特性但並非每個實施例必需包括該等特徵、結構或特性。進一步地,一些實施例可能具有在其他實施例中所描述之一些、所有特徵或者不具有其他實施例中所描述之特徵。
在以下的描述與申請專利範圍中,可以使用用字「耦接」以及其衍生字。「耦接」是用來指示出二或多個元件協同操作或者與彼此互動,但他們之間可能或可能不會有干涉性實體或電子組件。
除非有另外指明,如申請專利範圍中所使用者,用來描述一常見元素之序數形容詞的使用,「第一」、「第二」、「第三」等僅僅用來指示提到類似元件之不同範例,且並非用來暗喻如此描述之元件必須在給定的順序內,也不必是暫時、空間上或級別上或者以任何方式排列。
圖式與前述描述提供實施例的範例。習於此技藝者將可以理解所描述之元件中的一或多者可以被組合 成一單一功能元件。可替代地,特定元件可分離成為多個功能元件。來自一實施例的元件可以被添加到另一實施例終。例如,在此所描述程序的順序可以改變且不限於在此所描述的方式。更進一步地,任何流程圖的棟錯不必以所顯示之順序來實施;且所有的此等動作也不一定必須要執行。此外,此等動作並非取決於其他動作而可以與其他動作平行的方式來執行。實施例的範圍並非由此等特定範例而限制。無論是否在說明書中有明確給定,許多改變,諸如結構、尺寸以及材料之使用是可能的。實施例的範圍至少是如以下所給定之申請專利範圍一般寬。
以下的範例涉及進一步實施例。不同實施例的各種特徵可以改變地與一些特徵包括在內且有些特徵排除的方式而結合,以符合不同應用的變化。一些實施例涉及一積體電路晶粒封裝體,該封裝體包括一中介件、附接到該中介件的一主要補塊、附接到該補塊的一主要積體電路晶粒、附接到該中介件的一第二補塊以及附接到該第二補塊且透過該中介件耦接到該主要積體電路晶粒的一毫米波射頻晶粒而在該主要晶粒與一外部組件之間傳遞資料。
在一些實施例中,第二補塊是靠近該中介件的一邊緣處。
進一步的實施例包括在該補塊上的一天線,該天線耦接到該射頻晶粒以用於傳送與接收毫米波訊號。
進一步的實施例包括在該中介件上的一天 線,該天線耦接到該射頻晶粒以用於傳送與接收毫米波訊號。
進一步的實施例包括複數個毫米波射頻,該等複數個毫米波射頻附接到該第二補塊以在該主要晶粒與該外部組件之間傳遞資料。
在一些實施例中,該射頻晶粒係透過在該中介件上的跡線來耦接到該主要晶粒。
進一步的實施例包括一第三補塊與一第二毫米波射頻,該第三補塊在該中介件相對於該第二補塊的一側之處附接到該中介件,該第二毫米波射頻附接到該第三補塊以在該主要晶粒與另一外部組件之間傳遞資料。
進一步的實施例包括在該主要晶粒與該射頻晶粒上方的一散熱片,該散熱片用於將來自主要晶粒與該射頻晶粒的熱擴散。
在一些實施例中,該射頻補塊包含小於100μm的一超薄核心以及增加到約小於100μm增建層。
在一些實施例中,該射頻補塊係以一非有機基板形成。
在一些實施例中,該主要補塊係以一有機基板材料形成。
在一些實施例中,一焊球格閘陣列係使用來作為一中階互連件以將該主要補塊附接到該中介件,且一焊料格陣列係使用來作為一中階互連件以將該第二補塊附接到該中介件。
在一些實施例中,該第二補塊係以一淺連接點而附加到該中介件。
在一些實施例中,該第二補塊在該中介件的至少兩側處將該主要補塊圍繞。
一些實施例涉及一計算系統,該計算系統包括一系統板、一中央處理單元(CPU)、一中介件,該中介件作為一封裝體基板而被安裝到該系統板以承載該CPU,該CPU係安裝到被附接到該中介件的一補塊上,該封裝體基板具有用於將該CPU連接到外部組件的導電連接件、一毫米波射頻,該毫米波射頻安裝在附接到該中介件的一射頻補塊上,而調變在一載體上的資料且發送經調變的該資料到一外部組件,該射頻補塊透過該中介件耦接到該CPU,以及由該系統板承載的一晶片組,該晶片組透過該系統板通過該封裝體而耦接到該積體電路晶片。
進一步實施例包括一第二中央處理單元(CPU)、一第二中介件,該第二中介件作為一封裝體基板安裝到該系統板而承載在一補塊上之該第二CPU、以及一第二毫米波射頻,該第二毫米波射頻安裝在附接到該第二中介件之一第二射頻補塊上,而調變在一載體上的資料且發送經調變的該資料到一第一毫米波射頻,該第二射頻補塊透過該中介件耦接到該CPU。
進一步實施例包括形成在該射頻補塊之內的一天線且透過該補塊耦接到該射頻。
一些實施例涉及一種設備,該設備包括一中 介件、附接到該中介件之一中央區域的一有機多層補塊、附接到該有機補塊的一中央處理單元、附接到該中介件之一邊緣的一非有機多層補塊,以及附接到該非有機補塊的複數個毫米波射頻晶粒。
進一步實施例包括透過該中介件而將該中央處理單元連接到該射頻晶粒的跡線。
進一步實施例包括在該中介件中的複數個天線,該等複數個天線各者透過該非有機補塊而耦接到一各別的射頻晶粒。
102‧‧‧中介件
104、108‧‧‧補塊
106-1~106-5‧‧‧晶粒
110-1~110-5‧‧‧晶粒
112‧‧‧補塊
114‧‧‧積體電路晶粒
116‧‧‧散熱器
130、132‧‧‧跡線

Claims (19)

  1. 一種積體電路晶粒封裝體,其包含:一中介件;附接到該中介件的一主要補塊;附接到該補塊的一主要積體電路晶粒;附接到該中介件的一第二補塊;以及附接到該第二補塊且透過該中介件而耦接到該主要積體電路晶粒以在該主要積體電路晶粒與一外部組件之間傳遞資料的一毫米波射頻晶粒,其中,該第二補塊係靠近該中介件的一邊緣。
  2. 如請求項1的封裝體,進一步包含在該補塊上的一天線,該天線耦接到該射頻晶粒以用於傳送與接收毫米波訊號。
  3. 如請求項1的封裝體,進一步包含在該中介件上的一天線,該天線耦接到該射頻晶粒以用於傳送與接收毫米波訊號。
  4. 如請求項1的封裝體,進一步包含複數個毫米波射頻,該等複數個毫米波射頻附接到該第二補塊,以在該主要積體電路晶粒與該外部組件之間傳遞資料。
  5. 如請求項1的封裝體,其中,該射頻晶粒係透過在該中介件上的跡線來耦接到該主要積體電路晶粒。
  6. 如請求項1的封裝體,進一步包含一第三補塊與一第二毫米波射頻,該第三補塊在該中介件相對於該第二補塊的一側之處附接到該中介件,該第二毫米波射頻附接到該第三補塊以在該主要積體電路晶粒與另一外部組件之間傳遞資料。
  7. 如請求項1的封裝體,進一步包含在該主要積體電路晶粒與該射頻晶粒上方的一散熱片,該散熱片用於將來自該主要積體電路晶粒與該射頻晶粒的熱擴散。
  8. 如請求項1的封裝體,其中,該第二補塊包含小於100μm的一超薄核心以及增加到小於100μm的增建層。
  9. 如請求項8的封裝體,其中,該第二補塊係以一非有機基板所形成。
  10. 如請求項9的封裝體,其中,該主要補塊係以一有機基板材料所形成。
  11. 如請求項1的封裝體,其中,一焊球格閘陣列係使用來作為一中階互連件以將該主要補塊附接到該中介件,且一焊料格閘陣列係使用來作為一中階互連件以將該第二補塊附接到該中介件。
  12. 如請求項1的封裝體,其中,該第二補塊係以一淺連接點來附加到該中介件。
  13. 如請求項1的封裝體,其中,該第二補塊在該中介件的至少兩側處將該主要補塊圍繞。
  14. 一種計算系統,其包含:一系統板;一中央處理單元(CPU);一中介件,該中介件作為一封裝體基板而被安裝到該系統板以承載該CPU,該CPU係安裝到被附接到該中介件的一補塊上,該封裝體基板具有用於將該CPU連接到外部組件的導電連接件;一第一毫米波射頻,該第一毫米波射頻安裝在附接到該中介件的一射頻補塊上,以透過該中介件耦接到該CPU,而調變資料於一載體上且發送經調變的該資料到一外部組件;以及由該系統板所承載的一晶片組,該晶片組透過該系統板通過該封裝體基板而耦接到該積體電路晶片;並且其中,該射頻補塊係靠近該中介件的一邊緣。
  15. 如請求項14的計算系統,進一步包含:一第二中央處理單元(CPU);一第二中介件,該第二中介件作為一封裝體基板安裝到該系統板而承載在一補塊上之該第二CPU;以及一第二毫米波射頻,該第二毫米波射頻安裝在附接到該第二中介件之一第二射頻補塊上,以透過該第二中介件耦接到該第二CPU,而調變資料於一載體上且發送經調變的該資料到該第一毫米波射頻。
  16. 如請求項15的計算系統,其中,該射頻補塊與該第二射頻補塊係由一非有機基板所形成,且使用一淺連接點被附接。
  17. 一種計算設備,其包含:一中介件;附接到該中介件之一中央區域的一有機多層補塊;附接到該有機補塊的一中央處理單元;附接到該中介件之一邊緣的一非有機多層補塊;以及附接到該非有機補塊的複數個毫米波射頻晶粒。
  18. 如請求項17的計算設備,進一步包含透過該中介件而將該中央處理單元連接到該等射頻晶粒的跡線。
  19. 如請求項17的計算設備,進一步包含在該中介件中的複數個天線,該等複數個天線各者透過該非有機補塊而耦接到一各別的射頻晶粒。
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