TWI693538B - Touch panel, display device, optical sheet and optical sheet screening method and optical sheet manufacturing method - Google Patents
Touch panel, display device, optical sheet and optical sheet screening method and optical sheet manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI693538B TWI693538B TW105105778A TW105105778A TWI693538B TW I693538 B TWI693538 B TW I693538B TW 105105778 A TW105105778 A TW 105105778A TW 105105778 A TW105105778 A TW 105105778A TW I693538 B TWI693538 B TW I693538B
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Abstract
提供一種可賦予防眩性等各特性，並且可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細之顯示元件的影像光之眩光之觸控面板。 Provided is a touch panel that can impart anti-glare properties and other characteristics, and can prevent glare of image light of an ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
觸控面板，其具有光學片作為構成構件，上述光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且上述光學片滿足下述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足特定之透射影像清晰度之條件，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 The touch panel has an optical sheet as a constituent member, the optical sheet has a concave-convex shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfies the following conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the condition of specific transmission image clarity. The film is used on the front side of display elements with pixel density above 300ppi.
條件A-1：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度之標準差σSRa時，σSRa為0.050μm以下。 Condition A-1: When the above-mentioned uneven surface is divided into 64 μm square measurement areas, the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of each measurement area is calculated, and the standard deviation σ SRa of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area is calculated , Σ SRa is 0.050 μm or less.
條件A-2：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度之平均SRaAVE時，SRaAVE為0.100μm以上。 Condition A-2: When the above-mentioned uneven surface is divided into 64 μm square measurement areas, the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of each measurement area is calculated, and the average SRA AVE of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area is calculated, SRa AVE is 0.100 μm or more.
Description
本發明係關於一種觸控面板、顯示裝置及光學片與光學片之篩選方法及光學片之製造方法。 The invention relates to a touch panel, a display device, an optical sheet and an optical sheet screening method and an optical sheet manufacturing method.
近年來，由平板型PC及智慧型手機所代表之具備雙向通訊功能，且搭載有資訊顯示及資訊輸入用之透明觸控面板的移動型資訊終端機器不僅於日本，亦於世界開始廣泛普及。 In recent years, mobile information terminal devices, which are represented by tablet PCs and smartphones and have a two-way communication function and are equipped with transparent touch panels for information display and information input, have not only spread widely in Japan but also in the world.
作為透明觸控面板，有節約成本之電阻膜方式，但就可進行多點觸控等手勢操作、難以損壞超高精細化之顯示元件的畫質等方面而言，靜電電容方式之觸控面板、尤其是投影型靜電電容方式之觸控面板的需求不斷擴大。 As a transparent touch panel, there is a cost-saving resistive film method, but in terms of gesture operations such as multi-touch, it is difficult to damage the image quality of ultra-high-definition display elements, etc., an electrostatic capacitance type touch panel , In particular, the demand for projection-type electrostatic capacitive touch panels continues to expand.
於觸控面板之表面，為了防止外界光之映入等而有時設置具有凹凸構造之防眩性片。 On the surface of the touch panel, in order to prevent reflection of external light, etc., an anti-glare sheet with an uneven structure is sometimes provided.
進而，為了防止構成觸控面板之構件間的密接及干涉條紋，及防止觸控面板及顯示元件之間的密接及干涉條紋等，作為觸控面板之最表面基材、內部基材及最背面基材等，有時使用具有凹凸構造之光學片。 Furthermore, in order to prevent the adhesion and interference fringes between the components constituting the touch panel, and to prevent the adhesion and interference fringes between the touch panel and the display element, it is used as the outermost substrate, inner substrate, and rearmost surface of the touch panel For the base material and the like, an optical sheet having an uneven structure is sometimes used.
然而，於使用防眩性膜等具有凹凸構造之光學片之情形時， 存在因其凹凸構造，而產生於影像光可見微細之亮度不均之現象(眩光)，導致降低顯示品質之問題。尤其是，於近年來之超高精細化之顯示元件(像素密度300ppi以上)中，眩光問題更加嚴重。 However, when using an optical sheet having an uneven structure such as an anti-glare film, Due to its uneven structure, there is a phenomenon that the fine brightness unevenness of the image light is visible (glare), resulting in a problem of degrading display quality. In particular, the glare problem is more serious in ultra-high-definition display devices (with a pixel density of 300 ppi or higher) in recent years.
作為防止因表面凹凸造成之眩光之技術，提出有專利文獻1~9之技術。
As a technique for preventing glare caused by surface irregularities, techniques of
專利文獻1：日本特開2003-302506號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-302506
專利文獻2：日本特開2002-267818號公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-267818
專利文獻3：日本特開2009-288650號公報 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-288650
專利文獻4：日本特開2009-86410號公報 Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-86410
專利文獻5：日本特開2009-128393號公報 Patent Literature 5: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-128393
專利文獻6：日本特開2002-196117號公報 Patent Literature 6: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-196117
專利文獻7：國際特開第2007/111026 Patent Literature 7: International Patent Publication No. 2007/111026
專利文獻8：日本特開2008-158536號公報 Patent Document 8: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-158536
專利文獻9：日本特開2011-253106號公報 Patent Document 9: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-253106
專利文獻1及2之光學片係藉由賦予內部霧度以改善眩光。然而，像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細之顯示元件具有眩光變強之傾向，若欲僅藉由內部霧度來抑制眩光，則不得不進一步增大內部霧度。又，當內部霧度大則有解析度變差之傾向，於超高精細之顯示元件中該傾向更明顯。因此，即便如專利文獻1及2般僅著眼於內部霧度，亦無法獲得適合像素密度300ppi以上的超高精細之顯示元件之光學片。
The optical sheets of
專利文獻3~9之光學片係藉由降低凹凸之傾斜角度而減弱凹凸之程度，從而改善眩光。然而，即便專利文獻3~9之光學片亦無法防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細之顯示元件的眩光。又，專利文獻3~9之光學片會降低防眩性之等級。
The optical sheets of
本發明係於此種狀況下完成者，其目的在於提供一種即便於具有凹凸構造之情形時，亦可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之影像光的眩光之觸控面板、顯示裝置及光學片。又，本發明提供一種用以防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之影像光的眩光之光學片的篩選方法及製造方法。 The present invention was completed under such circumstances, and its object is to provide a touch panel and display capable of preventing glare of image light of an ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more even when having a concave-convex structure Devices and optical sheets. In addition, the present invention provides a screening method and a manufacturing method of an optical sheet for preventing glare of image light of an ultra-high-definition display element having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
本發明人等進行潛心研究，結果發現，將光學片之凹凸面劃分為相當於超高精細之顯示元件的像素之大小的64μm(64μm相當於作為超高精細之顯示元件之主流之300~500ppi的中間值即400ppi)，且將各劃分之表面形狀控制為特定之形狀，藉此可解決上述課題。 The inventors conducted intensive research and found that the concave-convex surface of the optical sheet was divided into 64 μm (64 μm equivalent to the mainstream of ultra-high-definition display elements, which is equivalent to the size of pixels of ultra-high-definition display elements) of 64 μm. The intermediate value of is 400 ppi), and the surface shape of each division is controlled to a specific shape, thereby solving the above problem.
本發明提供以下之[1]~[5]之觸控面板、顯示裝置及光學片與光學片之篩選方法及光學片之製造方法。 The present invention provides the following [1] to [5] touch panels, display devices, optical sheets and optical sheet screening methods and optical sheet manufacturing methods.
[1]一種觸控面板，其具有光學片作為構成構件，上述光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且上述光學片滿足下述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足下述條件B-1及B-2，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面；條件A-1：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算 術平均粗糙度的標準差σSRa時，σSRa為0.050μm以下；條件A-2：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度的平均SRaAVE時，SRaAVE為0.100μm以上；條件B-1：依據JIS K7374，於影像清晰度(image clarity)測量器之光梳(optical comb)之寬度為0.125mm、0.25mm、0.5mm、1.0mm及2.0mm之各寬度處測量上述光學片之透射影像清晰度(transmission image clearness)；於將光梳之寬度為0.125mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.125，將光梳之寬度為0.25mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.25，將光梳之寬度為0.5mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.5，將光梳之寬度為1.0mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C1.0，並將光梳之寬度為2.0mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C2.0時，C0.125、C0.25、C0.5及C1.0的最大值與最小值之差為6.0%以內；條件B-2：C2.0與C1.0之差為10.0%以上。 [1] A touch panel having an optical sheet as a constituent member, the optical sheet having an uneven shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfying the following conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfying the following conditions B-1 and B-2, the optical sheet is used for the front surface of the display element with a pixel density of 300ppi or more; condition A-1: dividing the surface of the above-mentioned concave-convex shape into 64μm square measurement areas, and calculating the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of each measurement area SRa, and when calculating the standard deviation σ SRa of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area, σ SRa is 0.050 μm or less; Condition A-2: After dividing the surface of the above-mentioned uneven shape into a measurement area of 64 μm square, find each When measuring the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of the measurement area and calculating the average SRa AVE of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area, the SRa AVE is 0.100 μm or more; Condition B-1: According to JIS K7374, the image clarity (image clarity) ) The width of the optical comb of the measuring instrument is 0.125mm, 0.25mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm and 2.0mm, and the transmission image clearness of the optical sheet is measured; When the width is 0.125mm, the transmission image clarity is set to C 0.125 , when the width of the optical comb is 0.25mm, the transmission image clarity is set to C 0.25 , and when the width of the optical comb is 0.5mm, the transmission image clarity is set. For C 0.5 , set the transmission image clarity when the width of the optical comb is 1.0 mm to C 1.0 , and set the transmission image clarity when the width of the optical comb is 2.0 mm to C 2.0 , C 0.125 , C 0.25 , The difference between the maximum and minimum values of C 0.5 and C 1.0 is within 6.0%; Condition B-2: The difference between C 2.0 and C 1.0 is 10.0% or more.
[2]一種顯示裝置，其係於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面具有光學片而成，上述光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且上述光學片滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2。 [2] A display device comprising an optical sheet on a front surface of a display element having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, the optical sheet having a concave-convex shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfying the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or Satisfy the above conditions B-1 and B-2.
[3]一種光學片，其於表面具有凹凸形狀，上述光學片滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 [3] An optical sheet having a concave-convex shape on the surface, the optical sheet satisfying the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfying the above conditions B-1 and B-2, the optical sheet is used for pixels with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more The front of the display element.
[4]一種光學片之篩選方法，其篩選於表面具有凹凸形狀之光學片，該方法篩選滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2者作為光學片，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 [4] A screening method for optical sheets, which screens optical sheets having a concave-convex shape on the surface, the method screening for optical sheets satisfying the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfying the above conditions B-1 and B-2 The optical sheet is used on the front of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
[5]一種光學片之製造方法，其製造於表面具有凹凸形狀之光學片，該方法以使上述光學片滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2之方式製造該光學片，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 [5] A method of manufacturing an optical sheet, which is manufactured on an optical sheet having a concave-convex shape on its surface, such a method that the optical sheet satisfies the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the above conditions B-1 and B-2 The optical sheet is manufactured in a manner that is used on the front side of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
本發明之觸控面板、顯示裝置及光學片可藉由凹凸形狀賦予防眩性等各特性，並且可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之影像光的眩光。 The touch panel, the display device, and the optical sheet of the present invention can impart anti-glare properties and other characteristics through the uneven shape, and can prevent the glare of the image light of the ultra-high-definition display element having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
又，關於本發明之光學片之評價方法，即便不於顯示裝置組裝光學片亦可對眩光進行評價，可高效率地進行光學片之品質管理。又，本發明之光學片之製造方法可高效率地製造可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之影像光的眩光之光學片。 In addition, regarding the evaluation method of the optical sheet of the present invention, glare can be evaluated even if the optical sheet is not incorporated in the display device, and the quality of the optical sheet can be efficiently controlled. In addition, the method for manufacturing an optical sheet of the present invention can efficiently manufacture an optical sheet that can prevent glare of image light of an ultra-high-definition display element having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
1‧‧‧電阻膜式觸控面板 1‧‧‧resistive film touch panel
2‧‧‧靜電電容式觸控面板 2‧‧‧Electrostatic capacitive touch panel
11‧‧‧透明基板 11‧‧‧Transparent substrate
12‧‧‧透明導電膜 12‧‧‧Transparent conductive film
13‧‧‧間隔件 13‧‧‧ spacer
21‧‧‧透明基板 21‧‧‧Transparent substrate
22‧‧‧透明導電膜(X軸電極) 22‧‧‧Transparent conductive film (X-axis electrode)
23‧‧‧透明導電膜(Y軸電極) 23‧‧‧Transparent conductive film (Y-axis electrode)
24‧‧‧接著劑層 24‧‧‧ Adhesive layer
圖1係表示本發明之電阻膜式觸控面板之一實施形態的剖面圖。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the resistive film touch panel of the present invention.
圖2係表示本發明之靜電電容式觸控面板之一實施形態的剖面圖。 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an electrostatic capacitive touch panel of the present invention.
圖3係顯示實施例1之光學片之剖面的掃描穿透式電子顯微鏡照片(STEM)。 3 is a scanning transmission electron microscope photograph (STEM) showing the cross section of the optical sheet of Example 1. FIG.
以下，對本發明之實施形態進行說明。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[觸控面板] [Touch Panel]
本發明之觸控面板具有光學片作為構成構件，上述光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且上述光學片滿足下述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足下述條件B-1及B-2，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 The touch panel of the present invention has an optical sheet as a constituent member, the optical sheet has an uneven shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfies the following conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the following conditions B-1 and B-2 The optical sheet is used on the front of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
條件A-1：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度之標準差σSRa時，σSRa為0.050μm以下。 Condition A-1: When the above-mentioned uneven surface is divided into 64 μm square measurement areas, the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of each measurement area is calculated, and the standard deviation σ SRa of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area is calculated , Σ SRa is 0.050 μm or less.
條件A-2：於將上述凹凸形狀之表面分割為64μm見方之測量區域，求出各測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度SRa，而算出整個測量區域之三維算術平均粗糙度之平均SRaAVE時，SRaAVE為0.100μm以上。 Condition A-2: When the above-mentioned uneven surface is divided into 64 μm square measurement areas, the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of each measurement area is calculated, and the average SRA AVE of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness of the entire measurement area is calculated, SRa AVE is 0.100 μm or more.
條件B-1：依據JIS K7374，於影像清晰度測量器之光梳之寬度為0.125mm、0.25mm、0.5mm、1.0mm及2.0mm之各寬度處測量上述光學片之透射影像清晰度。於將光梳之寬度為0.125mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.125，將光梳之寬度為0.25mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.25，將光梳之寬度為0.5mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C0.5，將光梳之寬度為1.0mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C1.0，並將光梳之寬度為2.0mm時之透射影像清晰度設為C2.0時，C0.125、C0.25、C0.5及C1.0的最大值與最小值之差為6.0%以內。 Condition B-1: According to JIS K7374, the transmission image clarity of the optical sheet is measured at the widths of the optical combs of the image clarity measuring device of 0.125 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm. The transmission image clarity when the width of the optical comb is 0.125mm is set to C 0.125 , the transmission clarity when the width of the optical comb is 0.25mm is set to C 0.25 , and the transmission when the width of the optical comb is 0.5mm The image clarity is set to C 0.5 , the transmission image clarity when the width of the optical comb is 1.0 mm is set to C 1.0 , and the transmission image clarity when the width of the optical comb is 2.0 mm is set to C 2.0 , C 0.125 , C 0.25 , C 0.5 and C 1.0 The maximum and minimum difference is within 6.0%.
條件B-2：C2.0與C1.0之差為10.0%以上。 Condition B-2: The difference between C 2.0 and C 1.0 is 10.0% or more.
作為觸控面板，可列舉：靜電電容式觸控面板、電阻膜式觸控面板、光學式觸控面板、超音波式觸控面板及電磁感應式觸控面板等。該等觸控面板具有玻璃基材、塑膠膜基材等基材，有時於該基材上之表面形成有用以賦予防眩性、防止密接及防止干涉條紋等各特性之凹凸形狀。 本發明之觸控面板係使用後述光學片作為於此種表面具有凹凸形狀之基材而成。 Examples of touch panels include electrostatic capacitive touch panels, resistive film touch panels, optical touch panels, ultrasonic touch panels, and electromagnetic induction touch panels. Such touch panels have substrates such as glass substrates and plastic film substrates, and sometimes a concave-convex shape useful for imparting anti-glare properties, preventing adhesion, and preventing interference fringes and the like is formed on the surface of the substrate. The touch panel of the present invention is formed by using an optical sheet described later as a base material having an uneven shape on such a surface.
於對觸控面板賦予防眩性之情形時，較佳使用後述光學片作為觸控面板之表面構件，且以使該光學片之凹凸形狀側之面朝向表面側的方式設置。 When imparting anti-glare properties to the touch panel, it is preferable to use an optical sheet described later as a surface member of the touch panel, and to provide the surface of the optical sheet on the concave-convex shape side toward the surface side.
如圖1所示，電阻膜式觸控面板1係於如下之「基本構成」連接未圖示之電路而成：以具有導電膜12之上下一對透明基板11之導電膜12彼此相對向之方式，隔著間隔件13配置而成。於電阻膜式觸控面板之情形時，較佳使用後述光學片作為上部透明基板及/或下部透明基板。再者，關於上部透明基板及下部透明基板，作為由2個以上之基材構成之多層構造，亦可使用後述光學片作為其中之1個基材。
As shown in FIG. 1, the resistive film
電阻膜式觸控面板之光學片例如若使用後述光學片作為上部透明基板，且以光學片之凹凸面朝向與下部透明基板相反之側的方式使用，則可對電阻膜式觸控面板賦予防眩性，並且可防止超高精細之顯示元件之眩光，進而可防止超高精細之顯示元件的解析度降低。又，於該使用方法之情形時，可使產生於觸控面板之表面或導電膜等之損傷難以被觀察到，有助於良率之提高，就該方面而言較適宜。 For example, if the optical sheet of the resistive film type touch panel uses an optical sheet to be described later as the upper transparent substrate, and the concave and convex surface of the optical sheet is used to face the side opposite to the lower transparent substrate, the resistive film type touch panel can be protected Dazzling, and can prevent glare of ultra-high-definition display elements, and thus can prevent the resolution of ultra-high-definition display elements from decreasing. In addition, in the case of this method of use, it is difficult to observe the damage generated on the surface of the touch panel or the conductive film, which contributes to the improvement of the yield, which is more suitable in this respect.
再者，於將後述光學片以凹凸面朝向下部透明基板側之方式使用作為上部透明基板之情形時，可防止超高精細之顯示元件之眩光，並且可防止於操作時上下導電膜彼此密接，進而可防止因上下導電膜接近而產生干涉條紋之情況。 Furthermore, when the optical sheet described later is used as the upper transparent substrate with the uneven surface facing the lower transparent substrate side, glare of the ultra-high-definition display element can be prevented, and the upper and lower conductive films can be prevented from adhering to each other during operation. Furthermore, interference fringes due to the proximity of the upper and lower conductive films are prevented.
又，藉由使用後述光學片作為電阻膜式觸控面板之下部透明基板，且使光學片之凹凸面朝向上部透明基板側，而可抑制下部電極之表面反射， 並且可防止超高精細之顯示元件之眩光。進而，於該使用方法之情形時，可防止於操作時上下導電膜彼此密接，並且可防止因上下導電膜接近而產生干涉條紋之情況。 In addition, by using an optical sheet described later as the lower transparent substrate of the resistive film type touch panel, and the concave and convex surfaces of the optical sheet are directed toward the upper transparent substrate side, surface reflection of the lower electrode can be suppressed, And can prevent glare of ultra-high-definition display elements. Furthermore, in the case of this method of use, it is possible to prevent the upper and lower conductive films from adhering to each other during operation, and to prevent interference fringes due to the proximity of the upper and lower conductive films.
再者，於將後述光學片以凹凸面朝向與上部透明基板相反之側的方式使用作為下部透明基板之情形時，可防止眩光，並且可防止密接或干涉條紋，就該方面而言較適宜。 In addition, when the optical sheet described later is used as the lower transparent substrate with the uneven surface facing the side opposite to the upper transparent substrate, glare can be prevented, and adhesion or interference fringes can be prevented, which is preferable in this respect.
靜電電容式觸控面板可列舉表面型及投影型等，較多使用投影型。投影型之靜電電容式觸控面板係於如下之「基本構成」連接電路而成：隔著絕緣體，配置X軸電極以及與該X軸電極正交之Y軸電極。若對該基本構成更具體地進行說明，則可列舉：於1片透明基板上之各個面形成X軸電極及Y軸電極之態樣；於透明基板上依序形成X軸電極、絕緣體層及Y軸電極之態樣；如圖2所示，於透明基板21上形成X軸電極22，於另一透明基板21上形成Y軸電極23，經由接著劑層24等進行積層之態樣等。又，可舉於該等基本態樣中，進而積層另一透明基板之態樣。
The electrostatic capacitive touch panel may include a surface type and a projection type, and the projection type is often used. The projection-type electrostatic capacitive touch panel is formed by connecting circuits with the following "basic structure": an X-axis electrode and a Y-axis electrode orthogonal to the X-axis electrode are arranged through an insulator. If the basic configuration is described more specifically, the following may be mentioned: the X-axis electrode and the Y-axis electrode are formed on each surface of one transparent substrate; the X-axis electrode, the insulator layer, and the Y-axis electrode; as shown in FIG. 2, the
於靜電電容式觸控面板之情形時，較佳於透明基板之至少一個以上使用後述光學片。再者，透明基板作為由2個以上之基材構成之多層構造，亦可將後述光學片用作其中之1個基材。 In the case of an electrostatic capacitive touch panel, it is preferable to use an optical sheet described later on at least one or more of the transparent substrates. In addition, the transparent substrate is a multilayer structure composed of two or more base materials, and an optical sheet described later may be used as one of the base materials.
於如下情形時，可對靜電電容式觸控面板賦予防眩性，並且可防止超高精細之顯示元件之眩光，進而可防止超高精細之顯示元件的解析度降低：靜電電容式觸控面板為於上述基本態樣上進一步具有另一透明基板之構成之情形時，將後述光學片用作該另一透明基板，且使光學片之凹凸面朝向與上述基本態樣相反之側，將該凹凸面朝向操作者側。又，於 該使用方法之情形時，可使產生於觸控面板之表面及導電膜等之損傷及電極圖案之形狀難以被觀察到，就該方面而言較適宜。 The anti-glare property can be given to the electrostatic capacitive touch panel under the following circumstances, and the glare of the ultra-high-definition display element can be prevented, and thus the resolution of the ultra-high-definition display element can be prevented from decreasing: the electrostatic capacitive touch panel In the case where the above basic aspect further includes another transparent substrate, the optical sheet described later is used as the other transparent substrate, and the uneven surface of the optical sheet faces the side opposite to the above basic aspect, and the The uneven surface faces the operator's side. Again In the case of this method of use, damage to the surface of the touch panel and the conductive film, etc., and the shape of the electrode pattern are difficult to observe, which is more suitable in this respect.
又，於如下情形時，亦可獲得與上述相同之效果：靜電電容式觸控面板為於透明基板上形成X軸電極，於另一透明基板上形成Y軸電極，且經由接著劑等進行積層之構成之情形時，將含有後述光學片者用作至少一透明基板，且將光學片之凹凸面朝向操作者側。 In addition, in the following cases, the same effect as described above can also be obtained: the electrostatic capacitive touch panel is formed by forming an X-axis electrode on a transparent substrate, forming a Y-axis electrode on another transparent substrate, and laminating via an adhesive or the like In the case of the configuration, the one containing the optical sheet described later is used as at least one transparent substrate, and the uneven surface of the optical sheet is directed toward the operator.
再者，於作為靜電電容式觸控面板之透明基板，將後述光學片以凹凸面朝向與操作者相反之側的方式使用之情形時，可防止眩光，並且可防止密接或干涉條紋，就該方面而言較適宜。 Furthermore, when a transparent substrate as an electrostatic capacitance type touch panel is used with an optical sheet described later with the uneven surface facing the side opposite to the operator, glare can be prevented, and adhesion or interference fringes can be prevented. In terms of aspects, it is more appropriate.
(光學片) (Optical sheet)
本發明之觸控面板所使用之光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2。 The optical sheet used in the touch panel of the present invention has an uneven shape on the surface, and satisfies the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the above conditions B-1 and B-2.
光學片只要滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2即可，較佳滿足上述條件A-1及A-2且滿足上述條件B-1及B-2。 The optical sheet only needs to satisfy the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfy the above conditions B-1 and B-2, preferably satisfy the above conditions A-1 and A-2 and satisfy the above conditions B-1 and B- 2.
條件A-1之σSRa表示64μm見方之各測量區域的三維算術平均粗糙度SRa之偏差程度。由於64μm見方之大小對應於彩色濾光片的像素之大小，故而若該每區域之凹凸程度不均勻，則容易因與彩色濾光片之干涉而產生亮度不均。 The σ SRa of condition A-1 represents the degree of deviation of the three-dimensional arithmetic average roughness SRa of each measurement area of 64 μm square. Since the size of the 64 μm square corresponds to the size of the pixels of the color filter, if the unevenness of each area is not uniform, it is easy to produce uneven brightness due to interference with the color filter.
因此，藉由將σSRa設為0.050μm以下，可減小因彩色濾光片之像素與凹凸層之干涉造成的亮度不均，容易防止眩光。 Therefore, by setting σ SRa to 0.050 μm or less, it is possible to reduce the uneven brightness caused by the interference between the pixels of the color filter and the uneven layer, and it is easy to prevent glare.
σSRa較佳為0.040μm以下，更佳為0.030μm以下。 σ SRa is preferably 0.040 μm or less, and more preferably 0.030 μm or less.
條件A-2之SRaAVE係表示光學片之凹凸形狀的粗糙度之程 度。藉由將SRaAVE設為0.100μm以上，可容易確保防眩性、密接防止性及干涉條紋防止性等由凹凸形狀所賦予之各性能。又，藉由將SRaAVE設為0.100μm以上，可使電極之形狀或光學片之損傷不明顯。 SRa AVE in Condition A-2 represents the degree of roughness of the irregular shape of the optical sheet. By setting SRa AVE to 0.100 μm or more, it is possible to easily ensure various properties imparted by the uneven shape such as anti-glare properties, adhesion prevention properties, and interference fringe prevention properties. In addition, by setting SRa AVE to 0.100 μm or more, the shape of the electrode or the damage of the optical sheet can be made inconspicuous.
就上述各性能中之防眩性之觀點而言，SRaAVE較佳為0.110μm以上，更佳為0.115μm。 From the viewpoint of anti-glare properties in the above-mentioned properties, SRa AVE is preferably 0.110 μm or more, and more preferably 0.115 μm.
再者，於SRaAVE過大之情形時，存在解析度及對比度降低之傾向。因此，SRaAVE較佳為0.300μm以下，更佳為0.200μm以下，進而較佳為0.175μm以下。 Furthermore, when SRa AVE is too large, the resolution and contrast tend to decrease. Therefore, SRa AVE is preferably 0.300 μm or less, more preferably 0.200 μm or less, and still more preferably 0.175 μm or less.
於本發明中，SRa係設為截止值0.8mm之值。 In the present invention, SRa is set to a cutoff value of 0.8 mm.
接著，對條件B-1進行說明。 Next, the condition B-1 will be described.
C0.125、C0.25、C0.5、C1.0及C2.0之值，被認為會受凹凸之傾斜角影響。此處，將凹凸之傾斜角之等級分為5個，在將等級1設為最小傾斜角之時，可認為C0.125受等級1以上之傾斜角之影響、C0.25受等級2以上之傾斜角之影響、C0.5受等級3以上之傾斜角之影響、C1.0受等級4以上之傾斜角之影響、C2.0受等級5以上之傾斜角之影響，而數值未達100%。
The values of C 0.125 , C 0.25 , C 0.5 , C 1.0 and C 2.0 are considered to be affected by the inclination angle of the unevenness. Here, the level of the inclination of the unevenness is divided into five. When
滿足條件B-1，表示等級1以上之傾斜角、等級2以上之傾斜角、等級3以上之傾斜角及等級4以上之傾斜角的量大致一定。換言之，滿足條件B-1意指於光學片之凹凸幾乎不存在等級3以下之傾斜角，且大部分傾斜角為等級4。而且，認為若以表面粗糙度無很大的差別為前提，則藉由將光學片之凹凸之大部分傾斜角設為等級4，可減少光學片之面內的凹凸之不均，而可容易防止眩光。
Satisfying the condition B-1 indicates that the amount of the inclination angle above
條件B-1之差更佳為5.5%以內，進而較佳為4.0%以內。 The difference between the conditions B-1 is more preferably within 5.5%, and further preferably within 4.0%.
滿足條件B-2意指相對於等級1~4之傾斜角，等級5以上之傾斜角之比例較少。認為若傾斜角大，則對眩光之影響變大，若變為等級5以上，則其傾向變得顯著。
Satisfying condition B-2 means that the inclination angle of grade 5 or higher is less than the inclination angle of
因此，認為藉由滿足條件B-2(減小等級5以上之傾斜角之比例)，可容易防止眩光。進而，認為藉由滿足條件B-2而減小等級5以上之傾斜角之比例，可將解析度變得良好。 Therefore, it is considered that by satisfying the condition B-2 (reducing the ratio of the inclination angle of grade 5 or more), glare can be easily prevented. Furthermore, it is considered that by satisfying the condition B-2, the ratio of the inclination angle of grade 5 or higher is reduced to improve the resolution.
又，藉由同時滿足條件B-1及B-2，大部分傾斜角變為等級4，因此可容易確保防眩性、密接防止性及干涉條紋防止性等由凹凸形狀所賦予之各性能，並且可使電極之形狀或光學片之損傷不明顯。 In addition, by satisfying the conditions B-1 and B-2 at the same time, most of the inclination angles become grade 4, so that it is possible to easily ensure the anti-glare properties, adhesion prevention properties, interference fringe prevention properties, and other performances imparted by the uneven shape, Moreover, the shape of the electrode or the damage of the optical sheet is not obvious.
條件B-2之差更佳為11.0%以上，進而較佳為11.5%以上。 The difference between the conditions B-2 is more preferably 11.0% or more, and further preferably 11.5% or more.
再者，為了使防眩性、密接防止性及干涉條紋防止性等由凹凸形狀所賦予之各性能變得更良好，條件B-2較佳為20.0%以下。 In addition, in order to make each performance provided by the uneven shape such as anti-glare property, adhesion prevention property, interference fringe prevention property, etc., condition B-2 is preferably 20.0% or less.
如上所述，滿足條件A-1及A-2與滿足條件B-1及B-2均於意味著賦予一定等級之凹凸，並且凹凸之不均程度小之方面共通。 ，較佳於光學片之大致整個區域滿足條件A-1及A-2或條件B-1及B-2。設為大致整個區域之原因在於光學片之端部有可能於切斷時等產生微小之缺陷，即便於端部存在缺陷，觀察者亦難以識別出缺陷。又，光學片之端部周邊係視覺上難以目視確認之區域。因此，較佳於自光學片的4邊之端部除去10mm後的區域之95%以上滿足條件A-1及A-2，或條件B-1及B-2，更佳於該區域之97%以上滿足，進而較佳於該區域之99%以上滿足。後述條件B-3、B-4及其他參數亦相同。 As described above, satisfying the conditions A-1 and A-2 and satisfying the conditions B-1 and B-2 both mean that a certain level of unevenness is given, and the unevenness of the unevenness is small. It is preferable that substantially the entire area of the optical sheet satisfies the conditions A-1 and A-2 or the conditions B-1 and B-2. The reason why the entire area is set is that the end of the optical sheet may have minute defects during cutting, etc. Even if there is a defect at the end, it is difficult for the observer to recognize the defect. In addition, the periphery of the end of the optical sheet is an area that is difficult to visually confirm. Therefore, it is preferable that 95% or more of the area after removing 10 mm from the ends of the four sides of the optical sheet satisfy the conditions A-1 and A-2, or the conditions B-1 and B-2, and more preferably 97% of the area % Or more is satisfied, and more preferably 99% or more of the area. The conditions B-3, B-4 and other parameters described below are also the same.
又，為了更容易發揮基於條件B-1及B-2所獲得之效果， 較佳滿足以下條件B-3及B-4。 In addition, in order to more easily exert the effects obtained based on conditions B-1 and B-2, The following conditions B-3 and B-4 are preferably satisfied.
條件B-3：C0.125為30.0%以上。 Condition B-3: C 0.125 is 30.0% or more.
條件B-4：C2.0為40.0%以上。 Condition B-4: C 2.0 is 40.0% or more.
關於條件B-3，C0.125更佳為35.0%以上，進而較佳為40.0%以上。再者，為了使防眩性、密接防止性及干涉條紋防止性等由凹凸形狀所賦予之各性能變得良好，C0.125較佳為50.0%以下。 Regarding condition B-3, C 0.125 is more preferably 35.0% or more, and further preferably 40.0% or more. In addition, in order to improve the anti-glare property, adhesion prevention property, interference fringe prevention property, and other properties imparted by the uneven shape, C 0.125 is preferably 50.0% or less.
關於條件B-4，C2.0更佳為50.0%以上，進而較佳為55.0%以上。再者，為了使防眩性、密接防止性及干涉條紋防止性等由凹凸形狀所賦予之各性能變得良好，C2.0較佳為70.0%以下。 Regarding condition B-4, C 2.0 is more preferably 50.0% or more, and further preferably 55.0% or more. In addition, in order to improve the anti-glare properties, adhesion prevention properties, interference fringe prevention properties, and other properties imparted by the uneven shape, C 2.0 is preferably 70.0% or less.
再者，於本發明中，SRa將JIS B0601：1994所記載之二維粗糙度參數之算術平均粗糙度Ra擴展至三維，當於基準面設置正交座標軸X、Y軸，將粗糙度曲面設為Z(x，y)，將基準面之大小設為Lx、Ly時，利用下述式(a)算出。 Furthermore, in the present invention, SRa expands the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the two-dimensional roughness parameter described in JIS B0601: 1994 to three dimensions, when orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y are set on the reference plane, the roughness curved surface is set It is Z(x, y), and when the size of the reference plane is Lx, Ly, it is calculated by the following formula (a).
(式中，A=Lx×Ly) (In the formula, A=Lx×Ly)
又，若將於X軸方向第i個，於Y軸方向第j個點之位置的高度設為Zi,j，則上述算術平均粗糙度Sa可根據下述式(b)算出。 Moreover, if the height of the i-th position in the X-axis direction and the j-th point in the Y-axis direction is Z i,j , the arithmetic average roughness Sa can be calculated according to the following formula (b).
再者，於算出各區域中之SRa時的基準面並非對每個區域求出基準面，而設為於測量範圍整體求出之基準面。 In addition, the reference plane when calculating SRa in each region is not obtained for each region, but is set as the reference plane obtained for the entire measurement range.
於條件A-1及A-2之測量中，設置合計100個以上數量之測量區域。又，各測量區域設為連續且不空開間隔。又，各測量區域較佳於X方向及與其正交之Y方向2個方向上連續。例如，於將測量區域之合計個數設為100個之情形時，較佳自640μm見方之區域形成100個測量區域，而非自64μm×6400μm之區域形成100個測量區域。 In the measurement of conditions A-1 and A-2, set a total of more than 100 measurement areas. In addition, each measurement area is set to be continuous and not spaced apart. In addition, each measurement area is preferably continuous in two directions of the X direction and the Y direction orthogonal thereto. For example, when the total number of measurement areas is set to 100, it is preferable to form 100 measurement areas from an area of 640 μm square, rather than form 100 measurement areas from an area of 64 μm×6400 μm.
關於三維粗糙度曲面，就簡便性而言，較佳使用干涉顯微鏡進行測量。作為此種干涉顯微鏡，可列舉賽格公司製造之「New View」系列等。又，SRa可藉由附屬於上述干涉顯微鏡「New View」系列之測量、解析應用軟體「MetroPro」而算出。 Regarding the three-dimensional roughness curved surface, in terms of simplicity, it is preferable to use an interference microscope for measurement. Examples of such interference microscopes include the "New View" series manufactured by SEG Corporation. In addition, SRa can be calculated by the measurement and analysis application software "MetroPro" attached to the above-mentioned interference microscope "New View" series.
本發明之觸控面板中所使用之光學片藉由上述條件可提高眩光防止性，因此無需將內部霧度提高至必需以上，而可防止超高精細之顯示元件的解析度降低。 The optical sheet used in the touch panel of the present invention can improve the glare prevention under the above conditions. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the internal haze to more than necessary, and the resolution of the ultra-high-definition display element can be prevented from decreasing.
光學片之JIS K7361-1：1997之總光線透射率較佳為80%以上，更佳為85%以上，進而較佳為90%以上。 The total light transmittance of the optical sheet in JIS K7361-1:1997 is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more.
光學片之JIS K7136：2000之霧度較佳為25~60%，更佳為30~60%，進而較佳為30~50%。藉由將霧度設為25%以上，可賦予防眩性，並且使電極之形狀或損傷不明顯。又，藉由將霧度設為60%以下，可防止超高精細之顯示元件的解析度降低，並且可容易防止對比度降低。 The haze of JIS K7136:2000 of the optical sheet is preferably 25 to 60%, more preferably 30 to 60%, and further preferably 30 to 50%. By setting the haze to 25% or more, anti-glare properties can be imparted, and the shape or damage of the electrode is not obvious. In addition, by setting the haze to 60% or less, it is possible to prevent the resolution of the ultra-high-definition display element from decreasing, and it is possible to easily prevent the contrast from decreasing.
又，於將霧度分為表面霧度(Hs)與內部霧度(Hi)之情形時，表面霧度較佳為5~25%，更佳為5~20%，進而較佳為7~15%。藉由將表面霧度設為5%以上，可使防眩性變得良好，並且可使電極之形狀或損傷不明顯，藉由設為25%以下，可容易防止對比度之降低或解析度之降低。 In addition, when the haze is divided into a surface haze (Hs) and an internal haze (Hi), the surface haze is preferably 5 to 25%, more preferably 5 to 20%, and further preferably 7 to 15%. By setting the surface haze to 5% or more, the anti-glare property can be improved, and the shape or damage of the electrode can be made inconspicuous. By setting it to 25% or less, it is easy to prevent the decrease in contrast or the resolution. reduce.
又，內部霧度較佳為15~40%，更佳為20~40%，進而較佳為25~38%。藉由將內部霧度設為15%以上，可藉由與表面凹凸之協同作用而容易防止眩光，藉由設為40%以下，可防止超高精細之顯示元件之解析度降低。 In addition, the internal haze is preferably 15 to 40%, more preferably 20 to 40%, and further preferably 25 to 38%. By setting the internal haze to 15% or more, it is possible to easily prevent glare by synergy with the surface unevenness, and by setting it to 40% or less, it is possible to prevent the resolution of ultra-high-definition display elements from decreasing.
又，關於表面霧度與內部霧度之比(Hs/Hi)，就上述表面霧度與內部霧度之效果的平衡性之觀點而言，較佳為0.1~0.5，更佳為0.2~0.4。 Also, regarding the ratio of the surface haze to the internal haze (Hs/Hi), from the viewpoint of the balance of the effects of the surface haze and the internal haze, it is preferably 0.1 to 0.5, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.4 .
表面霧度及內部霧度例如可藉由實施例所記載之方法而求出。 The surface haze and internal haze can be obtained by, for example, the method described in the examples.
上述光學片只要於至少一面具有凹凸形狀，且滿足條件A-1及A-2，或滿足條件B-1及B-2，則可無特別限制地使用。又，可於光學片之兩面具有凹凸形狀，但就操作性、影像之可見度(visibility)(解析度、白化)之觀點而言，較佳於單面具有凹凸形狀，另一面大致平滑(Ra0.02μm以下)。 The optical sheet may be used without particular limitation as long as it has a concave-convex shape on at least one surface and satisfies the conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the conditions B-1 and B-2. Also, the optical sheet may have a concave-convex shape on both sides, but from the viewpoint of operability, image visibility (resolution, whitening), it is preferable to have a concave-convex shape on one side, and the other side is substantially smooth (Ra0. 02μm or less).
又，光學片可為凹凸層之單層，亦可為於透明基材上具有凹凸層之多層。就操作性及製造之容易性而言，於透明基材上具有凹凸層之構成較適宜。 In addition, the optical sheet may be a single layer of an uneven layer or a multilayer having an uneven layer on a transparent substrate. From the standpoint of operability and ease of manufacturing, a structure having an uneven layer on a transparent substrate is more suitable.
作為凹凸之形成方法，例如可列舉：1)使用壓紋輥之方法；2)蝕刻處理；3)利用模具進行之成型；4)利用塗佈進行之塗膜之形成等。於該等方法之中，就凹凸形狀的再現性之觀點而言，3)之利用模具進行之成型較適宜，就生產性及應對多品種之觀點而言，4)之利用塗佈進行之塗膜之形成較適宜。 Examples of the method for forming the unevenness include: 1) a method using an embossing roller; 2) etching treatment; 3) molding using a mold; 4) formation of a coating film by coating. Among these methods, from the viewpoint of the reproducibility of the concave-convex shape, 3) the molding by the mold is more suitable, and from the viewpoint of productivity and handling of multiple varieties, 4) the coating by coating The film formation is more suitable.
利用模具進行之成型可藉由如下方法製造：製作由與凹凸面互補之形狀構成之模具，向該模具中流入高分子樹脂或玻璃等構成凹凸層之材料並使其硬化後，自模具取出。於使用透明基材之情形時，可藉由向 模具中流入高分子樹脂等，於其上重疊透明基材後，使高分子樹脂等硬化，並自模具中連同透明基材一併取出而製造。 The molding by the mold can be manufactured by a method of making a mold composed of a shape complementary to the concave-convex surface, pouring a material such as a polymer resin or glass into the concave-convex layer into the mold and hardening it, and then taking it out of the mold. When using a transparent substrate, you can After the polymer resin and the like are poured into the mold, the transparent base material is superimposed thereon, and then the polymer resin and the like are hardened and taken out together with the transparent base material from the mold and manufactured.
利用塗佈進行之塗膜之形成可藉由如下方法形成：將含有黏合劑樹脂及粒子而成之凹凸層形成塗佈液利用凹版塗佈、棒式塗佈等公知之塗佈方法塗佈於透明基材上，視需要進行乾燥、硬化。 The formation of a coating film by coating can be formed by a method in which a coating liquid for forming a concave-convex layer containing a binder resin and particles is applied to a known coating method such as gravure coating or bar coating. On a transparent substrate, dry and harden as needed.
為了滿足條件A-1及A-2，或滿足條件B-1及B-2，較佳於凹凸層形成塗佈液中，含有作為粒子之有機粒子及無機微粒子。認為藉由以此方式於凹凸層中含有不同種類粒子，可減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。 In order to satisfy the conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfy the conditions B-1 and B-2, it is preferable that the coating liquid for forming the uneven layer contains organic particles and inorganic fine particles as particles. It is considered that by including different kinds of particles in the uneven layer in this way, the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer can be reduced.
圖3係表示實施例1的光學片之凹凸層之剖面的掃描穿透式電子顯微鏡照片(STEM)，該凹凸層係塗佈含有黏合劑樹脂、有機粒子及無機微粒子而成之凹凸層形成塗佈液而形成。 3 is a scanning transmission electron micrograph (STEM) showing the cross-section of the concavo-convex layer of the optical sheet of Example 1. The concavo-convex layer is formed by coating a concavo-convex layer containing a binder resin, organic particles, and inorganic fine particles The cloth is formed.
通常，不存在有機粒子之位置的凹凸層之表面大致平滑，但圖3之凹凸層不存在有機粒子的位置亦具有平緩之傾斜。認為其原因在於：因無機微粒子，塗佈液之觸變性及溶劑之乾燥特性受到影響，而未產生如通常般之調平。認為以此方式於不存在有機粒子之位置亦形成平緩之傾斜，因而於凹凸層之表面形狀不均變少，可滿足條件A-1及A-2，或滿足條件B-1及B-2。 Generally, the surface of the concavo-convex layer where no organic particles are present is substantially smooth, but the position of the concavo-convex layer of FIG. 3 where there are no organic particles also has a gentle slope. It is considered that the reason is that the inorganic fine particles, the thixotropy of the coating liquid, and the drying characteristics of the solvent are affected, and there is no leveling as usual. It is believed that in this way, a gentle slope is formed even where no organic particles are present, so that the unevenness of the surface shape of the concavo-convex layer becomes less, and the conditions A-1 and A-2 can be satisfied, or the conditions B-1 and B-2 can be satisfied .
有機粒子可列舉球形、圓盤狀、橄欖球狀、不規則狀等形狀，又，可列舉該等形狀之中空粒子、多孔質粒子及實心粒子等。於該等之中，就防止眩光之觀點而言，球形之實心粒子較適宜。 Organic particles include spherical, disc-shaped, rugby-shaped, and irregular shapes, and also include hollow particles, porous particles, and solid particles in these shapes. Among these, spherical solid particles are more suitable from the viewpoint of preventing glare.
作為有機粒子，可列舉由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物、三聚氰胺樹脂、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、苯胍
有機粒子較佳為表面未經親水化處理之非親水化處理有機粒子。其原因在於：因作為無機微粒子之代表例之二氧化矽微粒子的親水性之程度高，而使用非親水化處理有機粒子，藉此有機粒子與二氧化矽不會於凹凸層內密集(例如，二氧化矽不偏集存在於有機粒子之周圍)而均勻地分散，從而容易減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。 The organic particles are preferably non-hydrophilized organic particles whose surface has not been hydrophilized. The reason for this is that, because silicon dioxide microparticles, which are representative examples of inorganic microparticles, have a high degree of hydrophilicity, organic particles are treated with non-hydrophilization, whereby organic particles and silicon dioxide are not dense in the uneven layer (for example, Silicon dioxide is not concentrated around the organic particles) and is evenly dispersed, thereby easily reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer.
又，於上述有機粒子中，較佳為丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物粒子及聚苯乙烯粒子，更佳為聚苯乙烯粒子。認為丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物粒子及聚苯乙烯粒子由於比重小而難以於凹凸層中沈澱，故而凹凸層之表面形狀之不均變少。又，認為聚苯乙烯粒子由於疏水性之程度強，故而於凹凸層內不會與作為無機微粒子之代表例之二氧化矽微粒子密集而均勻地分散，從而凹凸層的表面形狀之不均變少。又，關於丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物粒子，由於容易控制折射率及親水疏水之程度，故而就內部霧度及容易控制凝集/分散之方面而言良好。 In addition, among the above organic particles, acrylic-styrene copolymer particles and polystyrene particles are preferred, and polystyrene particles are more preferred. It is considered that the acrylic-styrene copolymer particles and polystyrene particles are difficult to precipitate in the uneven layer due to the small specific gravity, so the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer becomes less. In addition, it is considered that the polystyrene particles have a high degree of hydrophobicity, so that they are not densely and uniformly dispersed in the concavo-convex layer with silicon dioxide fine particles, which are typical examples of inorganic fine particles, so that the unevenness of the surface shape of the concavo-convex layer becomes less . In addition, since the acrylic-styrene copolymer particles are easy to control the refractive index and the degree of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, they are good in terms of internal haze and easy control of aggregation/dispersion.
又，就減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，較佳[有機粒子之比重/黏合劑樹脂及無機微粒子的混合物之比重]未達1.0。 In addition, from the viewpoint of reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer, it is preferable that [the specific gravity of the organic particles/the specific gravity of the mixture of the binder resin and the inorganic fine particles] be less than 1.0.
關於有機粒子，就減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，平均粒徑較佳為2~10μm，更佳為3~8μm。 Regarding the organic particles, from the viewpoint of reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer, the average particle diameter is preferably 2 to 10 μm, and more preferably 3 to 8 μm.
又，關於有機粒子之平均粒徑與凹凸層之厚度之比(有機粒子之平均粒徑/凹凸層之厚度)，就減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，較佳為0.4~0.8，更佳為0.5~0.7。 In addition, regarding the ratio of the average particle diameter of the organic particles to the thickness of the concavo-convex layer (the average particle diameter of the organic particles/thickness of the concavo-convex layer), from the viewpoint of reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the concavo-convex layer, it is preferably 0.4 to 0.8, more preferably 0.5~0.7.
有機粒子之平均粒徑可藉由以下(1)~(3)之操作而算出。 The average particle diameter of the organic particles can be calculated by the following operations (1) to (3).
(1)利用光學顯微鏡拍攝本發明之光學片之透射觀察影像。倍率較佳為500~2000倍。 (1) Use an optical microscope to shoot the transmission observation image of the optical sheet of the present invention. The magnification is preferably 500 to 2000 times.
(2)自觀察影像中選取任意10個粒子，測量各粒子之長徑及短徑，根據長徑及短徑之平均算出各粒子之粒徑。長徑設為各粒子之於畫面上之最長之直徑。又，短徑係劃出與構成長徑之線段之中點正交之線段，且指該正交之線段與粒子相交之2點間之距離。 (2) Select any 10 particles from the observation image, measure the long and short diameters of each particle, and calculate the particle size of each particle based on the average of the long and short diameters. The long diameter is set to the longest diameter of each particle on the screen. In addition, the short diameter line draws a line segment orthogonal to the midpoint of the line segment constituting the long diameter, and refers to the distance between the two points where the orthogonal line segment intersects with the particle.
(3)於同一樣品之另一畫面的觀察影像中進行5次相同之操作，將自合計50個左右之粒徑之數量平均所獲得之值設為有機粒子之平均粒徑。 (3) Perform the same operation 5 times on the observation image of another screen of the same sample, and set the value obtained from the number average of about 50 particle diameters as the average particle diameter of the organic particles.
關於無機微粒子之平均一次粒徑及無機微粒子之凝集體的平均粒徑，首先，利用TEM或STEM拍攝本發明之光學片之剖面。拍攝後，藉由施行與上述(2)及(3)相同之手法，可算出無機微粒子之平均一次粒徑及無機微粒子之凝集體之平均粒徑。較佳將TEM或STEM之加速電壓設為10kv~30kV，將倍率設為5萬~30萬倍。 Regarding the average primary particle diameter of inorganic fine particles and the average particle diameter of aggregates of inorganic fine particles, first, a cross section of the optical sheet of the present invention is photographed by TEM or STEM. After shooting, the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles and the average particle diameter of the aggregates of the inorganic fine particles can be calculated by performing the same method as the above (2) and (3). Preferably, the acceleration voltage of TEM or STEM is set to 10kv~30kV, and the magnification is set to 50,000~300,000 times.
關於有機粒子之含量，就減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，較佳為形成凹凸層之全部固形物成分中之2~25質量%，更佳為5~20質量%，進而較佳為6~12質量%。 Regarding the content of the organic particles, from the viewpoint of reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer, it is preferably 2 to 25% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass of all the solid components forming the uneven layer, and It is preferably 6 to 12% by mass.
作為無機微粒子，可列舉由二氧化矽、氧化鋁、氧化鋯及二氧化鈦等構成之微粒子。無機微粒子藉由均勻地分佈於凹凸層中，可容易減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。又，無機微粒子較佳於凹凸層中形成凝集體，且凝集體稀疏地分佈。藉由無機微粒子形成凝集體，而減少表面形狀之不均之效果更明顯，藉由該凝集體稀疏地分佈可減小無機微粒子之擴散之影響。 Examples of the inorganic fine particles include fine particles composed of silica, alumina, zirconia, and titania. By uniformly distributing the inorganic fine particles in the uneven layer, the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer can be easily reduced. In addition, the inorganic fine particles preferably form aggregates in the uneven layer, and the aggregates are sparsely distributed. The formation of agglomerates by inorganic fine particles is more effective in reducing the unevenness of the surface shape. The sparse distribution of the agglomerates can reduce the influence of the diffusion of inorganic fine particles.
於上述無機微粒子之中，就透明性之觀點及進一步減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，二氧化矽微粒子較適宜。 Among the above-mentioned inorganic fine particles, silicon dioxide fine particles are more suitable from the viewpoint of transparency and further reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer.
所謂「於凹凸層中均勻地分佈」意指：利用TEM、STEM等穿透式電子顯微鏡，於倍率1萬倍之條件下，自觀察不到凹凸層的厚度方向之有機粒子的位置觀察任意剖面10處位置時，於各剖面中對5μm見方之觀察區域中之二氧化矽微粒子的面積比例進行測量時，將其平均值設為M，將其標準差設為S，此時，S/M≦0.1。 The so-called "uniformly distributed in the uneven layer" means: using a transmission electron microscope such as TEM, STEM, etc., at a magnification of 10,000 times, from the position where no organic particles in the thickness direction of the uneven layer can be observed to observe any cross section At 10 locations, when measuring the area ratio of silica particles in the observation area of 5 μm square in each section, set the average value to M and the standard deviation to S. At this time, S/M ≦0.1.
所謂「於凹凸層中凝集體稀疏地分佈」表示無機微粒子局部地不均勻地分佈，意指：以與上述相同之方式進行觀察時，於各剖面中測量0.5μm見方之觀察區域中之二氧化矽微粒子之面積比例時，將其平均值設為M，將其標準差設為S，此時，S/M≧0.2。 The so-called "sparsely distributed agglomerates in the concavo-convex layer" means that the inorganic fine particles are locally unevenly distributed, which means: when observed in the same manner as above, the dioxide in the observation area measuring 0.5 μm square in each section When the area ratio of silicon particles is M, the average value is M and the standard deviation is S. At this time, S/M≧0.2.
再者，此種無機微粒子之分佈可藉由凹凸層的厚度方向之剖面電子顯微鏡觀察容易地進行判別。例如，圖3係實施例1之光學片之剖面STEM照片，下部之淺色區域為基材，基材上部之深色帶狀區域為凹凸層之剖面。於該凹凸層之剖面中，觀察到黑色斑點之部分為無機微粒子(二氧化矽微粒子)之凝集體，可明確地確認二氧化矽微粒子之凝集體於凹凸層中均勻地分散。又，無機微粒子之凝集體之面積比例例如可使用影像解析軟體而算出。 In addition, the distribution of such inorganic fine particles can be easily determined by cross-sectional electron microscope observation in the thickness direction of the concavo-convex layer. For example, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional STEM photograph of the optical sheet of Example 1. The light-colored area in the lower part is the substrate, and the dark band-shaped area in the upper part of the substrate is the profile of the uneven layer. In the cross section of the uneven layer, the black spots are observed as aggregates of inorganic fine particles (silica particles), and it can be clearly confirmed that the aggregates of silica fine particles are uniformly dispersed in the uneven layer. In addition, the area ratio of the aggregates of inorganic fine particles can be calculated using image analysis software, for example.
無機微粒子較佳經表面處理。藉由對無機微粒子進行表面處理，可容易適當地控制於凹凸層中之無機微粒子之分佈。又，亦可實現提高無機微粒子本身之耐化學品性及耐皂化性。 The inorganic fine particles are preferably surface-treated. By surface-treating the inorganic fine particles, the distribution of the inorganic fine particles in the uneven layer can be easily and appropriately controlled. In addition, the chemical resistance and saponification resistance of the inorganic fine particles can be improved.
再者，為了使無機微粒子不密集於有機粒子之周圍，故表示無機微粒 子於自有機微粒子距離500nm之外側之圓周內且除有機微粒子以外之區域中所占的面積比例之「Mn」，及表示於較自有機微粒子距離500nm之外側的圓周更外側之區域中的無機微粒子的面積比例之「Mf」，較佳滿足Mf/Mn≧1.0之關係。Mn及Mf可利用TEM、STEM等穿透式電子顯微鏡於倍率1萬倍之條件下對觀察到凹凸層之厚度方向之有機粒子的剖面進行顯微鏡觀察，藉此而算出。 In addition, in order to prevent the inorganic fine particles from being concentrated around the organic particles, it means that the inorganic fine particles The "Mn" of the area ratio of the area within the circumference of 500 nm away from the organic fine particles and the area other than the organic fine particles, and the inorganic area in the area outside the circumference of 500 nm away from the organic fine particles The "Mf" of the area ratio of the fine particles preferably satisfies the relationship of Mf/Mn≧1.0. Mn and Mf can be calculated by microscopically observing the cross section of the organic particles in the thickness direction of the concavo-convex layer with a transmission electron microscope such as TEM or STEM at a magnification of 10,000 times.
作為上述表面處理，較佳為使無機微粒子之表面成為疏水性之疏水化處理。作為疏水化處理，例如可列舉藉由具有甲基、辛基等烷基之矽烷化合物對無機微粒子進行處理之方法等。 As the above-mentioned surface treatment, a hydrophobization treatment to make the surface of the inorganic fine particles hydrophobic is preferable. As the hydrophobizing treatment, for example, a method of treating inorganic fine particles with a silane compound having an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an octyl group, or the like can be cited.
例如，於二氧化矽微粒子之表面存在羥基(矽烷醇基)，但藉由進行上述表面處理，可減少二氧化矽微粒子之表面之羥基，可防止二氧化矽微粒子過度地凝集，可抑制二氧化矽微粒子不均勻地分散。 For example, there are hydroxyl groups (silanol groups) on the surface of the silica particles, but by performing the above-mentioned surface treatment, the hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the silica particles can be reduced, the silica particles can be prevented from excessively agglomerating, and the dioxide can be suppressed The silicon particles are dispersed unevenly.
於使用二氧化矽微粒子作為無機微粒子之情形時，為了抑制過度之凝集，較佳為非晶質二氧化矽。另一方面，於二氧化矽微粒子為晶質二氧化矽之情形時，存在因結晶構造中所含之晶格缺陷而使二氧化矽微粒子之路易士酸性變強，導致二氧化矽微粒子過度地凝集之情況。 In the case of using silica fine particles as inorganic fine particles, in order to suppress excessive aggregation, it is preferably amorphous silica. On the other hand, when the silicon dioxide particles are crystalline silicon dioxide, there is a lattice defect contained in the crystal structure, which causes the Lewis acidity of the silicon dioxide particles to become strong, resulting in excessive silicon dioxide particles. The situation of agglomeration.
作為二氧化矽微粒子，由於其自身容易凝集而容易形成後述粒徑範圍之凝集體，故而例如可較佳地使用燻製二氧化矽(fumed silica)。 As the silica fine particles are easily aggregated and easily form aggregates in the particle size range described later, for example, fumed silica can be preferably used.
所謂燻製二氧化矽係指藉由乾式法製作之具有粒徑為200nm以下的粒徑之非晶質二氧化矽，且藉由使含有矽之揮發性化合物進行氣相反應而獲得。燻製二氧化矽例如可藉由將SiCl4等矽化合物於氧與氫之火焰中進行水解而生成，可列舉AEROSIL R805(日本艾羅西爾公司製造)等。 The so-called smoked silicon dioxide refers to an amorphous silicon dioxide having a particle diameter of 200 nm or less produced by a dry method, and obtained by subjecting a volatile compound containing silicon to a gas-phase reaction. The smoked silicon dioxide can be produced by, for example, hydrolyzing silicon compounds such as SiCl 4 in a flame of oxygen and hydrogen, and examples include AEROSIL R805 (manufactured by Aerosil Corporation of Japan).
無機微粒子之含量並無特別限定，較佳為形成凹凸層之全部固形物成分之1.0~15.0質量%，更佳為2.0~10.0質量%，進而較佳為3.0~8.0質量%。藉由設為該範圍，可經由控制調平性及抑制凹凸層之聚合收縮而容易減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。 The content of the inorganic fine particles is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 1.0 to 15.0% by mass of the total solid content forming the uneven layer, more preferably 2.0 to 10.0% by mass, and still more preferably 3.0 to 8.0% by mass. By setting it as this range, the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer can be easily reduced by controlling the leveling property and suppressing the polymerization shrinkage of the uneven layer.
又，關於凹凸層中之有機粒子及無機微粒子之含量之比(有機粒子之含量/無機微粒子之含量)，就容易減少凹凸層的表面形狀之不均之觀點而言，較佳為0.5~2.5，更佳為0.8~2.2。 Also, regarding the ratio of the content of organic particles and inorganic fine particles in the uneven layer (the content of organic particles/the content of inorganic fine particles), from the viewpoint of easily reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer, it is preferably 0.5 to 2.5 , More preferably 0.8~2.2.
無機微粒子之平均一次粒徑較佳為1~100nm。藉由將平均一次粒徑設為1nm以上，容易形成適當之凝集體，藉由設為100nm以下，可抑制因光擴散造成之對比度之降低及內部霧度之過度上升。更佳之下限為5nm，更佳之上限為50nm，進而較佳之上限為20nm。 The average primary particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 1-100 nm. By setting the average primary particle size to 1 nm or more, it is easy to form an appropriate aggregate. By setting it to 100 nm or less, it is possible to suppress a decrease in contrast due to light diffusion and an excessive increase in internal haze. The more preferable lower limit is 5 nm, the more preferable upper limit is 50 nm, and the more preferable upper limit is 20 nm.
二氧化矽微粒子之凝集體較佳如圖3之剖面電子顯微鏡照片所示般，形成於任意方向相連而成之構造。藉由於凹凸層中形成二氧化矽微粒子於任意方向相連而成之凝集體，可容易使基於有機粒子之均勻之凹凸形狀形成。 The aggregates of silicon dioxide fine particles are preferably formed in a structure connected in any direction as shown in the cross-sectional electron micrograph of FIG. 3. By forming agglomerates of silicon dioxide microparticles connected in any direction in the concavo-convex layer, uniform concave-convex shapes based on organic particles can be easily formed.
再者，所謂二氧化矽微粒子於任意方向相連而成之構造，例如可列舉：二氧化矽微粒子直線狀地連續相連而成之構造(直鏈構造)、多個該直鏈構造纏繞而成之構造、具有1個或2個以上之於上述直鏈構造連續地形成有多個二氧化矽微粒子之側鏈的分支構造等任意之構造。 In addition, the structure in which silicon dioxide microparticles are connected in any direction includes, for example, a structure in which silicon dioxide microparticles are continuously connected linearly (straight chain structure), and a structure in which multiple straight chain structures are wound Any structure such as a structure, a branch structure having one or more side chains in which a plurality of silica fine particles are continuously formed in the linear structure, or the like.
為了如上述般形成二氧化矽微粒子於任意方向相連而成之凝集體，較佳使用燻製二氧化矽。 In order to form agglomerates in which silicon dioxide particles are connected in any direction as described above, smoked silicon dioxide is preferably used.
無機微粒子之凝集體之平均粒徑較佳為100nm~1μm。藉 由將凝集體之平均粒徑設為100nm以上，可容易減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均，藉由設為1μm以下，可抑制因光擴散造成之對比度之降低。凝集體之平均粒徑之更佳下限為200nm，更佳上限為800nm。 The average particle diameter of the aggregate of inorganic fine particles is preferably 100 nm to 1 μm. borrow By setting the average particle diameter of the aggregate to 100 nm or more, the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer can be easily reduced, and by setting it to 1 μm or less, the decrease in contrast due to light diffusion can be suppressed. The lower limit of the average particle size of the aggregate is 200 nm, and the upper limit is 800 nm.
凹凸層之黏合劑樹脂較佳含有熱硬化性樹脂組成物或游離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物，就使機械強度變得更良好之觀點而言，更佳含有游離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物，其中，進而較佳含有紫外線硬化性樹脂組成物。 The binder resin of the concavo-convex layer preferably contains a thermosetting resin composition or a free radiation-curable resin composition, and from the viewpoint of improving mechanical strength, it preferably contains a free radiation-curable resin composition, wherein, Furthermore, it preferably contains an ultraviolet curable resin composition.
熱硬化性樹脂組成物係至少含有熱硬化性樹脂之組成物，且為藉由加熱而硬化之樹脂組成物。 The thermosetting resin composition is a composition containing at least a thermosetting resin, and is a resin composition that is hardened by heating.
作為熱硬化性樹脂，可列舉：丙烯酸樹脂、胺酯樹脂、酚樹脂、脲-三聚氰胺樹脂、環氧樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、聚矽氧樹脂等。關於熱硬化性樹脂組成物，可視需要於該等硬化性樹脂中添加硬化劑。 Examples of thermosetting resins include acrylic resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, urea-melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and polysiloxane resins. Regarding the thermosetting resin composition, a hardener may be added to these curable resins if necessary.
游離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物係含有具有游離放射線硬化性官能基之化合物(以下，亦稱為「游離放射線硬化性化合物」)之組成物。作為游離放射線硬化性官能基，可列舉：(甲基)丙烯醯基、乙烯基、烯丙基等乙烯性不飽和鍵結基，及環氧基、氧環丁烷基(oxetanyl)等。作為游離放射線硬化性化合物，較佳為具有乙烯性不飽和鍵結基之化合物，更佳為具有2個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵結基之化合物，其中，進而較佳為具有2個以上之乙烯性不飽和鍵結基之多官能性(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物。作為多官能性(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物，可使用單體及低聚物之任一種。 The free radiation curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having a free radiation curable functional group (hereinafter, also referred to as "free radiation curable compound"). Examples of free radiation-curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups such as (meth)acryloyl, vinyl, and allyl groups, and epoxy groups and oxetanyl groups. The free radiation-curable compound is preferably a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bonding group, more preferably a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bonding groups, and among them, more preferably having more than two Multifunctional (meth)acrylate compound with an ethylenically unsaturated bonding group. As the multifunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound, any of monomers and oligomers can be used.
再者，於本說明書中，「(甲基)丙烯酸酯」係指甲基丙烯酸酯及丙烯酸酯。 In addition, in this specification, "(meth)acrylate" means methacrylate and acrylate.
又，於本說明書中，所謂「游離放射線」意指於電磁波或帶電粒子束中具有可使分子聚合或交聯之能量量子者，通常可使用紫外線(UV)或電子束(EB)，此外，亦可使用X射線、γ射線等電磁波、α射線、離子束等帶電粒子束。 In addition, in this specification, the term "free radiation" means that the electromagnetic wave or the charged particle beam has energy quanta that can polymerize or crosslink the molecules. Usually, ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) can be used. In addition, Electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and γ-rays, and charged particle beams such as α-rays and ion beams can also be used.
游離放射線硬化性樹脂組成物較佳含有分子中不含羥基之多官能性(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物50質量%以上，更佳含有60質量%以上。 The free radiation-curable resin composition preferably contains 50% by mass or more of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compound containing no hydroxyl group in the molecule, and more preferably contains 60% by mass or more.
藉由增多分子中不含羥基之多官能性(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物之比例，可於將極性高之溶劑(例如異丙醇)用作凹凸層形成用塗佈液之溶劑時，容易使該溶劑蒸發，可抑制無機微粒子之過度凝集。 By increasing the ratio of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds that do not contain hydroxyl groups in the molecule, it is easy to use a highly polar solvent (such as isopropyl alcohol) as the solvent for the coating liquid for forming the uneven layer Evaporating this solvent can suppress excessive aggregation of inorganic fine particles.
作為分子中不含羥基之多官能性(甲基)丙烯酸酯系化合物，例如可列舉：新戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(PETTA)、1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)、二丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(DPGDA)、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TPGDA)、PO改質新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二甲醇二丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)、三羥甲基丙烷乙氧基三丙烯酸酯、二新戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(DPHA)、新戊四醇乙氧基四丙烯酸酯、二-三羥甲基丙烷四丙烯酸酯等。其中，可較佳地使用新戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(PETTA)。 Examples of the multifunctional (meth)acrylate-based compound that does not contain a hydroxyl group in the molecule include neopentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), and dipropylene glycol. Diacrylate (DPGDA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), PO modified neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), tri Methylolpropane ethoxy triacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), neopentyl alcohol ethoxytetraacrylate, di-trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, etc. Among them, neopentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA) can be preferably used.
作為其他游離放射線硬化性化合物，可列舉：(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己酯、苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯、N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮等具有1個不飽和鍵之化合物、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二新戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二-三羥甲基丙烷 四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二新戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三新戊四醇八(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四新戊四醇十(甲基)丙烯酸酯、異三聚氰酸三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、異三聚氰酸二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙酚二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙甘油四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸金剛烷基(adamantyl)酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸異莰基酯、二環戊烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等具有2個以上之不飽和鍵之化合物。 Examples of other free radiation-curable compounds include ethyl (meth)acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, styrene, methylstyrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone and the like. Bond compound, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl tetraol (meth)acrylate , Dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(methyl) ) Acrylate, di-trimethylolpropane Tetra (meth) acrylate, neopentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, di neopentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, tri neopentaerythritol octa (meth) acrylate, tetra neopentaerythritol Alcohol deca(meth)acrylate, isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate, isocyanurate di(meth)acrylate, polyester tri(meth)acrylate, polyester di(meth)acrylate Group) acrylate, bisphenol di(meth)acrylate, diglycerol tetra(meth)acrylate, adamantyl di(meth)acrylate, isobornyl di(meth)acrylate, Compounds having two or more unsaturated bonds, such as dicyclopentane di(meth)acrylate and tricyclodecane di(meth)acrylate.
再者，於本發明中，作為游離放射線硬化性化合物，亦可使用將上述化合物利用PO、EO等進行改質而成者。 In addition, in the present invention, as the free radiation-curable compound, those modified with PO, EO, or the like can also be used.
進而，作為游離放射線硬化性化合物，可使用具有不飽和雙鍵之相對低分子量之聚酯樹脂、聚醚樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、環氧樹脂、胺酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、螺縮醛(spiroacetal)樹脂、聚丁二烯樹脂、多硫醇多烯樹脂等。 Furthermore, as the free radiation-curable compound, a relatively low molecular weight polyester resin having an unsaturated double bond, polyether resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, spiroacetal can be used Resin, polybutadiene resin, polythiol polyene resin, etc.
於游離放射線硬化性化合物為紫外線硬化性化合物之情形時，游離放射線硬化性組成物較佳含有光聚合起始劑或光聚合促進劑等添加劑。 When the free radiation-curable compound is an ultraviolet-curable compound, the free radiation-curable composition preferably contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator or a photopolymerization accelerator.
作為光聚合起始劑，可列舉選自苯乙酮、二苯甲酮、α-羥基烷基苯酮(α-hydroxyalkylphenone)、米其勒酮、安息香、二苯乙二酮甲基縮酮、苯甲醯基苯甲酸酯、α-醯基肟酯、9-氧硫
該等光聚合起始劑之熔點較佳為100℃以上。藉由將光聚合起始劑之熔點設為100℃以上，可使因形成觸控面板之透明導電膜時或結晶化步驟之熱而殘留之光聚合起始劑昇華，從而可防止透明導電膜之低電阻化受到損害。 The melting point of these photopolymerization initiators is preferably 100°C or higher. By setting the melting point of the photopolymerization initiator to 100° C. or higher, the photopolymerization initiator remaining due to heat during the formation of the transparent conductive film of the touch panel or the crystallization step can be sublimated, thereby preventing the transparent conductive film The reduction in resistance is impaired.
又，光聚合促進劑可減輕因硬化時之空氣所造成之聚合抑制，加快硬化速度，例如可列舉選自對二甲胺基苯甲酸異戊酯、對二甲胺基苯甲酸乙酯等之1種以上。 In addition, the photopolymerization accelerator can reduce the polymerization inhibition caused by the air during curing, and accelerate the curing rate. For example, it can be selected from isoamyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate, etc. One or more.
關於凹凸層之厚度，就捲曲抑制、機械強度、硬度及韌性的平衡性之觀點而言，較佳為2~10μm，更佳為5~8μm。 The thickness of the concavo-convex layer is preferably from 2 to 10 μm, and more preferably from 5 to 8 μm from the viewpoint of curl suppression, mechanical strength, hardness, and toughness balance.
凹凸層之厚度例如係自使用掃描穿透式電子顯微鏡(STEM)進行拍攝而得之剖面之影像，測量20個位置之厚度，根據20個位置之值之平均值算出。較佳將STEM之加速電壓設為10kv~30kV、將倍率設為1000~7000倍。 The thickness of the concavo-convex layer is, for example, an image of a cross-section taken by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), the thickness of 20 locations is measured, and the average value of the 20 locations is calculated. Preferably, the acceleration voltage of STEM is set to 10 kV to 30 kV, and the magnification is set to 1000 to 7000 times.
於凹凸層形成塗佈液中通常為了能夠調節黏度、使各成分溶解或分散而使用溶劑。根據溶劑之種類，塗佈、乾燥後之凹凸層之表面狀態有所不同，故而較佳考慮溶劑之飽和蒸汽壓、溶劑對透明基材之滲透性等而選定溶劑。具體而言，溶劑例如可例示：酮類(丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮等)、醚類(二
於溶劑之乾燥慢之情形時，於凹凸層內無機微粒子過度地凝集，而變得難以減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。為了防止無機微粒子之過度凝集，溶劑較佳含有特定量之極性高且揮發速度快者。 When the drying of the solvent is slow, the inorganic fine particles aggregate excessively in the uneven layer, and it becomes difficult to reduce the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer. In order to prevent the excessive aggregation of the inorganic fine particles, the solvent preferably contains a specific amount of those with high polarity and fast evaporation rate.
又，極性高且揮發速度快之溶劑較其他溶劑先揮發，因此，於形成塗膜時有機微粒子周圍之疏水性變強。因此，藉由使用極性高且揮發速度快之溶劑，可防止無機微粒子偏集存在於有機粒子之周圍，可於凹凸層內不使有機粒子與無機微粒子密集而均勻地分散。 In addition, the solvent with high polarity and fast volatilization rate evaporates before other solvents. Therefore, the hydrophobicity around the organic fine particles becomes stronger when the coating film is formed. Therefore, by using a solvent with a high polarity and a fast volatilization rate, the inorganic fine particles can be prevented from being concentrated around the organic particles, and the organic particles and the inorganic fine particles can be uniformly dispersed in the uneven layer without being dense.
於本說明書中，所謂「極性高之溶劑」意指溶解度參數為10[(cal/cm3)1/2]以上之溶劑，所謂「揮發速度快之溶劑」意指相對蒸發速度為150以上之溶劑。 In this specification, the so-called "high-polarity solvent" means a solvent with a solubility parameter of 10 [(cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 ] or more, and the so-called "solvent with a fast evaporation rate" means a solvent with a relative evaporation rate of 150 or more Solvent.
溶解度參數可藉由Fedors之方法進行計算。Fedors之方法例如記載於「SP值 基礎‧應用及計算方法」(山本秀樹著 情報機構股份有限公司發行，2005年)。於Fedors之方法中，溶解度參數係根據下述式算出。 The solubility parameter can be calculated by the method of Fedors. The method of Fedors is described in, for example, "SP Value Basics, Application and Calculation Method" (published by Hideki Yamamoto Information Agency Co., Ltd., 2005). In the method of Fedors, the solubility parameter is calculated according to the following formula.
溶解度參數=[Σ Ecoh/Σ V]2 Solubility parameter = [Σ E coh /Σ V] 2
於上述式中，Ecoh為凝集能量密度，V為莫耳分子體積。基於由每一原子團所決定之Ecoh及V，求出作為Ecoh及V之總和之Σ Ecoh及Σ V，藉此可算出溶解度參數。 In the above formula, E coh is the agglutination energy density, and V is the molar molecular volume. Based E coh and V is determined by each of the radicals was determined as the sum of E coh and V [Sigma sum Σ E coh and V, whereby the solubility parameter can be calculated.
於本說明書中，所謂「相對蒸發速度」係指將乙酸正丁酯之蒸發速度設為100時之相對蒸發速度，且於依據ASTM D3539-87所測得之蒸發速度下，根據下述式而算出。具體而言，測量於25℃、乾燥空氣下之乙酸正丁酯之蒸發時間及各溶劑之蒸發時間而算出。 In this specification, the "relative evaporation rate" refers to the relative evaporation rate when the evaporation rate of n-butyl acetate is set to 100, and under the evaporation rate measured according to ASTM D3539-87, according to the following formula Figure it out. Specifically, the evaporation time of n-butyl acetate and the evaporation time of each solvent at 25°C under dry air are measured and calculated.
相對蒸發速度=[(90重量%之乙酸正丁酯蒸發所需之時間)/(90重量%之測量溶劑蒸發所需之時間)]×100 Relative evaporation rate = [(time required for 90% by weight of n-butyl acetate to evaporate)/(time required for 90% by weight of solvent to evaporate)] × 100
作為極性高且揮發速度快之溶劑，例如可列舉乙醇、異丙醇等，其中，異丙醇較適宜。 Examples of the solvent with high polarity and fast volatilization rate include ethanol and isopropanol, among which isopropanol is suitable.
又，極性高且揮發速度快之溶劑之含量較佳為全部溶劑之10~40質量%。藉由設為10質量%以上，可容易抑制無機微粒子之過度凝集，藉由設為40質量%以下，可抑制因溶劑之揮發過快而使凹凸層形成塗佈液的調平性不足之情況。 In addition, the content of the solvent with high polarity and fast evaporation rate is preferably 10 to 40% by mass of all solvents. By setting it to 10% by mass or more, the excessive aggregation of the inorganic fine particles can be easily suppressed, and by setting it to 40% by mass or less, it can be suppressed that the leveling property of the coating liquid for forming the concavo-convex layer is insufficient due to excessive volatilization of the solvent .
又，就容易獲得上述凹凸形狀之觀點而言，較佳於形成凹凸層時，控制乾燥條件。乾燥條件可藉由乾燥溫度及乾燥機內之風速進行調整。作為具體之乾燥溫度，較佳設為30~120℃，乾燥風速較佳設為0.2~50m/s。又，為了藉由乾燥條件控制凹凸層之調平，游離放射線之照射較佳於乾燥後進行。 In addition, from the viewpoint of easily obtaining the above-mentioned uneven shape, it is preferable to control the drying conditions when forming the uneven layer. The drying conditions can be adjusted by the drying temperature and the wind speed in the dryer. The specific drying temperature is preferably 30 to 120°C, and the drying air speed is preferably 0.2 to 50 m/s. In addition, in order to control the leveling of the concavo-convex layer by drying conditions, the irradiation of free radiation is preferably performed after drying.
又，就使表面凹凸適度地變得平滑，而容易獲得上述凹凸形狀之觀點而言，較佳使凹凸層形成塗佈液含有調平劑。調平劑可列舉氟系或聚矽氧系之調平劑，較佳為容易抑制於凹凸層產生貝納得穴流(Benard Cell)構造之氟系調平劑。作為調平劑之添加量，較佳相對於凹凸層形成塗佈液之全部固形物成分為0.01~0.5重量%，更佳為0.05~0.2重量%。 In addition, from the viewpoint of making the surface unevenness moderately smooth and easily obtaining the above-mentioned unevenness shape, it is preferable that the unevenness layer forming coating liquid contains a leveling agent. The leveling agent may include a fluorine-based or polysilicone-based leveling agent, and preferably a fluorine-based leveling agent that can easily suppress the Benard cell structure in the uneven layer. The amount of the leveling agent added is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, and more preferably 0.05 to 0.2% by weight relative to the total solid content of the coating liquid for forming the uneven layer.
又，凹凸層形成塗佈液較佳藉由以下方式製備：(1)於將黏合劑樹脂及有機粒子混合至溶劑並進行攪拌而製備中間組成物之步驟之後，(2)進行將無機微粒子混合至中間組成物，並使其分散之步驟。 In addition, the coating liquid for forming the uneven layer is preferably prepared by (1) after the step of mixing the binder resin and the organic particles into a solvent and stirring to prepare an intermediate composition, (2) mixing the inorganic fine particles To the intermediate composition and disperse it.
如上所述調整凹凸層形成塗佈液，藉此可容易抑制凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。另一方面，於不同於上述調整之手法之情形(於添加有機粒子或黏合劑樹脂之前，將無機微粒子添加至溶劑之情形)時，因溶劑侵害而產生無機微粒子之過度凝集，而難以減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。 By adjusting the coating liquid for forming the uneven layer as described above, unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer can be easily suppressed. On the other hand, in a situation different from the above-mentioned adjustment method (in the case where inorganic fine particles are added to the solvent before adding the organic particles or binder resin), excessive aggregation of the inorganic fine particles occurs due to the attack of the solvent, making it difficult to reduce the unevenness The surface shape of the layer is uneven.
為了使上述效果更確實，於步驟(2)中添加無機微粒子時，無機微粒 子較佳為分散至溶劑中之無機微粒子分散物。 In order to make the above effect more certain, when adding inorganic fine particles in step (2), the inorganic fine particles The particles are preferably inorganic fine particle dispersions dispersed in a solvent.
作為光學片之透明基材，較佳具備透光性、平滑性、耐熱性，且機械強度優異。作為此種透明基材，可列舉：聚酯、三乙醯纖維素(TAC)、二乙酸纖維、乙酸丁酸纖維素、聚醯胺、聚醯亞胺、聚醚碸、聚碸、聚丙烯、聚甲基戊烯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯縮醛、聚醚酮、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯、聚胺酯及非晶質烯烴(Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer，COP)等塑膠膜。透明基材亦可為將2片以上之塑膠膜貼合而成者。 As the transparent base material of the optical sheet, it is preferable to have light transmittance, smoothness, heat resistance, and excellent mechanical strength. Examples of such a transparent base material include polyester, triethyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyamidoamine, polyimide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, and polypropylene , Polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane and amorphous olefin (Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer, COP) and other plastic films. The transparent substrate can also be formed by laminating more than 2 plastic films.
於上述中，就機械強度或尺寸穩定性之觀點而言，較佳為經延伸加工、尤佳為經雙軸延伸加工之聚酯(聚對酞酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene naphthalate))。 Among the above, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength or dimensional stability, it is preferably stretch-processed, particularly preferably biaxially stretched polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate) (polyethylene naphthalate)).
就透光性光學等向性之觀點而言，TAC、丙烯酸較適宜。又，TAC、丙烯酸容易藉由溶劑溶解，溶解之TAC成分、丙烯酸成分流入凹凸層，而具有將比重小之有機粒子上推之作用。即，認為藉由使用TAC、丙烯酸作為透明基材，有機粒子難以於凹凸層中下沉，而容易減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均。 From the viewpoint of translucent optical isotropy, TAC and acrylic are more suitable. In addition, TAC and acrylic acid are easily dissolved by a solvent, and the dissolved TAC component and acrylic component flow into the uneven layer and have the effect of pushing up organic particles with a small specific gravity. That is, it is considered that by using TAC and acrylic as a transparent substrate, it is difficult for the organic particles to sink in the uneven layer, and it is easy to reduce the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer.
就耐候性優異之方面而言，COP、聚酯較適宜。又，就於透過偏光太陽眼鏡觀察液晶顯示器之影像之情形時，可防止於顯示畫面觀察到不同顏色之不均之方面而言，阻滯值3000~30000nm之塑膠膜或1/4波長相位差之塑膠膜較適宜。 In terms of excellent weather resistance, COP and polyester are more suitable. In addition, in the case of observing the image of the liquid crystal display through polarized sunglasses, in order to prevent the unevenness of different colors from being observed on the display screen, the plastic film with a blocking value of 3000~30000nm or 1/4 wavelength phase difference The plastic film is more suitable.
透明基材之厚度較佳為5~300μm，更佳為30~200μm。 The thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 5 to 300 μm, more preferably 30 to 200 μm.
為了提高接著性，於透明基材之表面除了進行電暈放電處理、氧化處理等物理處理以外，亦可預先塗佈被稱為固著劑(anchoring agent)或底漆 (primer)之塗料。 In order to improve adhesion, in addition to corona discharge treatment, oxidation treatment and other physical treatments on the surface of the transparent substrate, it can also be pre-coated with an anchoring agent or primer (primer) paint.
光學片亦可於凹凸形狀之上及/或與凹凸形狀相反側之面上具有抗反射層、防污層、抗靜電層等功能性層。又，於透明基材上具有凹凸層之構成之情形時，除了上述位置以外，亦可於透明基材與凹凸層之間具有功能性層。 The optical sheet may have functional layers such as an anti-reflection layer, an anti-fouling layer, and an antistatic layer on the uneven surface and/or on the surface opposite to the uneven surface. In addition, when the structure of the uneven layer is provided on the transparent base material, in addition to the above-mentioned positions, a functional layer may be provided between the transparent base material and the uneven layer.
本發明之觸控面板可賦予防眩性等各特性並且可使眩光防止性變得更良好。尤其是於將光學片用作觸控面板之表面構件，且以光學片的凹凸形狀側之面成為表面之方式配置，藉此可抑制對比度之降低並且容易賦予防眩性，就該方面而言較適宜。 The touch panel of the present invention can impart various characteristics such as anti-glare properties and can make the anti-glare properties better. In particular, the optical sheet is used as a surface member of a touch panel, and is arranged such that the surface of the concave-convex shape side of the optical sheet becomes the surface, whereby the reduction in contrast can be suppressed and anti-glare properties can be easily imparted. More suitable.
[顯示裝置] [Display device]
本發明之顯示裝置係於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面具有光學片而成之顯示裝置，上述光學片於表面具有凹凸形狀，且上述光學片滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2。 The display device of the present invention is a display device having an optical sheet on the front surface of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more. The optical sheet has a concave-convex shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfies the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or Satisfy the above conditions B-1 and B-2.
像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細之顯示元件如上所述容易產生眩光，但於本發明中，藉由使用特定之光學片作為具有凹凸形狀之光學片，可賦予防眩性等各特性並且防止眩光。 An ultra-high-definition display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more is prone to glare as described above, but in the present invention, by using a specific optical sheet as an optical sheet having a concave-convex shape, various characteristics such as anti-glare properties can be imparted and glare can be prevented .
作為本發明之顯示裝置所使用之光學片，可使用與上述本發明之觸控面板所使用之光學片相同者。 As the optical sheet used in the display device of the present invention, the same optical sheet used in the touch panel of the present invention described above can be used.
作為顯示元件，可列舉：液晶顯示元件、內嵌(In-cell)觸控面板之液晶顯示元件、EL顯示元件、電漿顯示元件等。 Examples of display elements include liquid crystal display elements, liquid crystal display elements for in-cell touch panels, EL display elements, and plasma display elements.
內嵌觸控面板之液晶元件於將液晶夾於2片玻璃基板間而成之液晶元件之內部組入電阻膜式、靜電電容式、光學式等觸控面板功能。再者，作 為內嵌觸控面板之液晶元件之液晶的顯示方式，可列舉：IPS方式、VA方式、多領域方式、OCB方式、STN方式、TSTN方式等。內嵌觸控面板之液晶元件例如記載於日本特開2011-76602號公報、日本特開2011-222009號公報。 The liquid crystal element embedded in the touch panel incorporates the functions of a touch panel such as a resistive film type, an electrostatic capacitance type, and an optical type in the liquid crystal element formed by sandwiching liquid crystal between two glass substrates. Furthermore, make The display method of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal element in which the touch panel is embedded includes: IPS method, VA method, multi-field method, OCB method, STN method, TSTN method, etc. The liquid crystal element in which the touch panel is embedded is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-76602 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-222009, for example.
光學片例如可依以下順序設置於顯示元件之正面。 The optical sheet can be disposed on the front of the display element in the following order, for example.
(a)顯示元件/表面保護板/光學片 (a) Display element/surface protection plate/optical sheet
(b)顯示元件/光學片 (b) Display element/optical sheet
(c)顯示元件/具有光學片作為構成構件之觸控面板 (c) Display element/touch panel with optical sheet as constituent member
(d)顯示元件/光學片/表面保護板 (d) Display element/optical sheet/surface protection plate
於(a)及(b)之情形時，藉由以光學片之凹凸面朝向表面之方式(以凹凸面朝向與顯示元件相反之側之方式)配置，而可賦予防眩性，並且可防止眩光，進而，可使產生於表面或顯示元件之損傷不明顯。 In the case of (a) and (b), the anti-glare property can be imparted by preventing the uneven surface of the optical sheet toward the surface (with the uneven surface facing the side opposite to the display element) Glare, in turn, can make damage to the surface or display elements less noticeable.
於(c)之情形時，藉由如上述本發明之觸控面板之實施形態般配置光學片，可賦予防眩性等各特性，並且可防止眩光。 In the case of (c), by arranging the optical sheet as in the above-described embodiment of the touch panel of the present invention, various characteristics such as anti-glare properties can be imparted, and glare can be prevented.
再者，於(b)及(d)之情形時，若使光學片之凹凸面朝向顯示元件側而隔著空氣層進行配置，則可防止密接及干涉條紋，並且可使產生於顯示元件之損傷不明顯。 In addition, in the case of (b) and (d), if the concave-convex surface of the optical sheet is arranged to face the display element side with the air layer interposed, adhesion and interference fringes can be prevented and can be generated in the display element. The damage is not obvious.
近年來之智慧型手機所代表之行動資訊終端大多於室外使用。因此，本發明之顯示裝置較佳於顯示裝置之最表面配置光學片，且使凹凸面朝向表面側(與顯示元件相反之側)而使用。 In recent years, mobile information terminals represented by smart phones are mostly used outdoors. Therefore, in the display device of the present invention, it is preferable to arrange the optical sheet on the outermost surface of the display device and use the uneven surface toward the surface side (the side opposite to the display element).
[光學片] [Optical sheet]
本發明之光學片係於表面具有凹凸形狀者，上述光學片滿足上述條件A -1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 The optical sheet of the present invention has a concave-convex shape on the surface, and the optical sheet satisfies the above condition A -1 and A-2, or satisfy the above conditions B-1 and B-2, the optical sheet is used for the front of the display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
作為本發明之光學片，可列舉與上述本發明之觸控面板所使用之光學片相同者。 As the optical sheet of the present invention, the same as the optical sheet used in the above-mentioned touch panel of the present invention can be mentioned.
本發明之光學片藉由用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面，而可賦予防眩性等各特性，並且防止超高精細之顯示元件之影像光的眩光及解析度之降低，就該方面而言較佳。 The optical sheet of the present invention can be applied to the front surface of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more to impart anti-glare properties and other characteristics, and to prevent the glare and resolution of image light from ultra-high-definition display elements. It’s better.
近年來之智慧型手機所代表之行動資訊終端大多於室外使用。因此，本發明之光學片較佳於觸控面板或顯示裝置之最表面，使凹凸面朝向表面側(與顯示元件相反之側)而使用。 In recent years, mobile information terminals represented by smart phones are mostly used outdoors. Therefore, the optical sheet of the present invention is preferably used on the outermost surface of a touch panel or a display device, with the uneven surface facing the surface side (the side opposite to the display element).
[光學片之篩選方法] [Screening method of optical sheet]
本發明之光學片之篩選方法係篩選於表面具有凹凸形狀的光學片之方法，篩選滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2者作為光學片，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 The screening method of the optical sheet of the present invention is a method of screening an optical sheet having a concave-convex shape on the surface, and screening those satisfying the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfying the above conditions B-1 and B-2 as optical sheets, the Optical sheets are used on the front of display elements with pixel density above 300ppi.
於本發明之光學片之篩選方法中，即便不將光學片組裝於顯示裝置中，亦可篩選用於像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件時眩光防止性良好之光學片，可高效率地對光學片進行品質管理。 In the screening method of the optical sheet of the present invention, even if the optical sheet is not assembled in the display device, the optical sheet with excellent glare prevention when used for ultra-high-definition display elements with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more can be screened, which can be highly efficient Quality management of optical sheets.
篩選光學片之判定條件係將上述條件A-1及A-2，或上述條件B-1及B-2作為必須條件。篩選光學片之判定條件較佳將上述條件A-1及A-2，以及上述條件B-1及B-2作為必須條件。 The judgment conditions for screening the optical sheet are the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or the above conditions B-1 and B-2 as necessary conditions. The determination conditions of the screening optical sheet preferably include the above conditions A-1 and A-2, and the above conditions B-1 and B-2 as required conditions.
各條件之數值範圍較佳為上述光學片之適宜之數值範圍。例如，條件A-1之判定條件較佳σSRa為0.040μm以下。 The numerical range of each condition is preferably a suitable numerical range of the above-mentioned optical sheet. For example, the determination condition of the condition A-1 is preferably σ SRa of 0.040 μm or less.
於作為判定條件而含有條件B-1及B-2之情形時，就更準確地篩選可防止眩光之光學片之觀點而言，進而較佳將以下條件B-3及B-4作為判定條件。 When the conditions B-1 and B-2 are included as the judgment conditions, from the viewpoint of screening the optical sheets capable of preventing glare more accurately, it is more preferable to use the following conditions B-3 and B-4 as the judgment conditions .
又，於作為判定條件而含有條件A-1及A-2之情形時，以及於作為判定條件而含有條件B-1及B-2之情形時，就更準確地篩選可防止眩光之光學片之觀點而言，進而較佳將以下條件C-1作為判定條件。 In addition, when conditions A-1 and A-2 are included as judgment conditions, and conditions B-1 and B-2 are included as judgment conditions, the optical sheets that can prevent glare are screened more accurately From the viewpoint of the above, it is more preferable to use the following condition C-1 as a judgment condition.
再者，條件B-3、B-4及C-1的數值範圍較佳為上述光學片之適宜之數值範圍。 Furthermore, the numerical range of conditions B-3, B-4, and C-1 is preferably the appropriate numerical range of the above-mentioned optical sheet.
條件B-3：C0.125為30.0%以上。 Condition B-3: C 0.125 is 30.0% or more.
條件B-4：C2.0為40.0%以上。 Condition B-4: C 2.0 is 40.0% or more.
條件C-1：光學片之內部霧度為15~40%。 Condition C-1: The internal haze of the optical sheet is 15-40%.
[光學片之製造方法] [Manufacturing method of optical sheet]
本發明之光學片之製造方法係製造於表面具有凹凸形狀之光學片之方法，以上述光學片滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或滿足上述條件B-1及B-2之方式製造該光學片，該光學片用於像素密度300ppi以上之顯示元件之正面。 The manufacturing method of the optical sheet of the present invention is a method of manufacturing an optical sheet having a concave-convex shape on the surface, manufactured in such a manner that the optical sheet satisfies the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or satisfies the above conditions B-1 and B-2 The optical sheet is used on the front surface of a display element with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
於本發明之光學片之製造方法中，可高效率地製造能夠賦予防眩性等各特性，並且可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之影像光的眩光之光學片。 In the method for manufacturing an optical sheet of the present invention, an optical sheet capable of imparting various characteristics such as anti-glare properties and preventing glare of image light of an ultra-high-definition display element having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more can be efficiently manufactured.
本發明之光學片之製造方法必須以滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，或上述條件B-1及B-2之方式控制製造條件。本發明之光學片之製造方法較佳以滿足上述條件A-1及A-2，以及上述條件B-1及B-2之 方式控制製造條件。 The manufacturing method of the optical sheet of the present invention must control the manufacturing conditions in such a manner that the above conditions A-1 and A-2, or the above conditions B-1 and B-2 are satisfied. The manufacturing method of the optical sheet of the present invention preferably satisfies the above conditions A-1 and A-2, and the above conditions B-1 and B-2 Control the manufacturing conditions.
各條件的數值範圍較佳為上述光學片之適宜之數值範圍。例如，條件A-1較佳σSRa為0.040μm以下。 The numerical range of each condition is preferably a suitable numerical range of the above-mentioned optical sheet. For example, in condition A-1, σ SRa is preferably 0.040 μm or less.
於以滿足上述條件B-1及B-2之方式控制製造條件之情形時，進而較佳以滿足上述條件B-3及B-4之方式控制製造條件。 In the case where the manufacturing conditions are controlled by satisfying the above conditions B-1 and B-2, the manufacturing conditions are preferably controlled by satisfying the above conditions B-3 and B-4.
又，於製造條件之控制中含有條件A-1及A-2之情形時，以及於製造條件之控制中含有條件B-1及B-2之情形時，進而較佳以滿足上述條件C-1之方式控制製造條件。 Furthermore, when the conditions A-1 and A-2 are included in the control of the manufacturing conditions, and the conditions B-1 and B-2 are included in the control of the manufacturing conditions, it is further preferable to satisfy the above condition C- 1 way to control manufacturing conditions.
條件A-1、A-2、B-1~B-4可藉由減少凹凸層之表面形狀之不均而進行控制。 Conditions A-1, A-2, B-1~B-4 can be controlled by reducing the unevenness of the surface shape of the uneven layer.
關於控制條件A-1、A-2、B-1~B-4之具體手段，於利用模具形成凹凸層之情形時只要控制模具之形狀即可。又，關於控制藉由塗佈而形成凹凸層之情形時之條件A-1、A-2、B-1~B-4之具體手段，可舉將有機粒子、無機微粒子、黏合劑樹脂、調平劑、溶劑及乾燥條件設為上述適宜之實施形態。 Regarding the specific means for controlling the conditions A-1, A-2, B-1 to B-4, when the concave-convex layer is formed using a mold, it is only necessary to control the shape of the mold. In addition, specific methods for controlling the conditions A-1, A-2, B-1 to B-4 when forming the uneven layer by coating include organic particles, inorganic fine particles, binder resin, The leveling agent, the solvent and the drying conditions are set as the above-mentioned suitable embodiment.
條件C-1可藉由內部擴散要素進行控制。具體而言，可藉由調整黏合劑樹脂之折射率、有機粒子之形狀、有機粒子之粒徑、有機粒子之添加量及有機粒子之折射率等，而控制內部擴散要素。又，添加至黏合劑樹脂中之除有機粒子以外的材料(無機微粒子)之濃度等亦會對內部擴散要素產生影響。 Condition C-1 can be controlled by internal diffusion elements. Specifically, the internal diffusion element can be controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the binder resin, the shape of the organic particles, the particle size of the organic particles, the amount of the organic particles added, and the refractive index of the organic particles. In addition, the concentration of materials (inorganic fine particles) other than organic particles added to the binder resin also affects the internal diffusion elements.
實施例Examples
接著，藉由實施例對本發明進一步詳細地進行說明，但本發 明不受該等例之任何限定。再者，「份」及「%」只要無特別說明，則指質量基準。 Next, the present invention will be described in further detail by examples, but the present invention It is not limited by these examples. In addition, "parts" and "%" refer to quality standards unless otherwise specified.
1.光學片之物性測量及評價 1. Physical properties measurement and evaluation of optical sheets
如下所述，測量及評價實施例及比較例之光學片的物性。將結果示於表1。 As described below, the physical properties of the optical sheets of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
1-1.光學片之凹凸形狀 1-1. Concavo-convex shape of optical sheet
<SRa> <SRa>
於實施例及比較例中所獲得之各光學片之與形成有凹凸層之面相反側之面，經由透明黏著劑貼附於玻璃板而製成樣品，使用白色干涉顯微鏡(New View7300，賽格公司製造)，於以下條件測量、解析光學片之表面形狀。 The surface of each optical sheet obtained in the examples and comparative examples on the opposite side to the surface on which the concavo-convex layer was formed was attached to a glass plate via a transparent adhesive to prepare a sample, using a white interference microscope (New View7300, SEG Manufactured by the company), and measure and analyze the surface shape of the optical sheet under the following conditions.
再者，測量‧解析軟體使用MetroPro版本8.3.2之Microscope Application。 Furthermore, the measurement and analysis software uses the Microscope Application of MetroPro version 8.3.2.
(測量條件) (Measurement conditions)
物鏡：50倍 Objective lens: 50 times
Zoom(縮放)：1倍 Zoom: 1 times
測量區域：1mm×1mm Measuring area: 1mm×1mm
解析度(每1點之間隔)：0.44μm Resolution (every 1 point interval): 0.44μm
(解析條件) (Analysis conditions)
移除(Removed)：無(None) Removed: None
濾波器(Filter)：帶通(BandPass) Filter (Filter): Band Pass (BandPass)
濾波器類型(FilterType)：高斯樣條(GaussSpline) Filter Type: Gaussian Spline
低波長(Low wavelength)：800μm Low wavelength: 800μm
高波長(High wavelength)：3μm High wavelength: 3μm
移除尖峰(Remove spikes)：開啟(on) Remove spikes (Remove spikes): on (on)
尖峰高度(Spike Height)(×RMS)：2.5 Spike Height (×RMS): 2.5
短波長(Low wavelength)相當於粗糙度參數之截止值λ c。 The low wavelength corresponds to the cut-off value λ c of the roughness parameter.
將測量資料分割為12×12之144個區域(一個區域為64μm見方)，使Surface Map畫面上顯示各區域之SRa。根據各區域之SRa算出σSRa及SRaAVE。 The measurement data is divided into 144 areas of 12×12 (one area is 64μm square), and the SRa of each area is displayed on the Surface Map screen. Calculate σ SRa and SRa AVE based on SRa of each area.
1-2.透射影像清晰度 1-2. Transmission image clarity
使用Suga Test Instruments公司製造之影像清晰度測量器(商品名：ICM-1T)，依照JIS K7374，對通過具有0.125mm、0.25mm、0.5mm、1mm及2mm之寬度之光梳的5種透射影像清晰度進行測定。 Using the image clarity measuring instrument (trade name: ICM-1T) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments, in accordance with JIS K7374, five kinds of transmission images passing through optical combs having widths of 0.125mm, 0.25mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, and 2mm Clarity is measured.
1-3.霧度 1-3. Haze
首先，使用霧度計(HM-150，村上色彩技術研究所製造)，依照JIS K-7136：2000測量霧度(整體霧度)。又，於光學片之表面，經由透明黏著劑貼附厚度80μm之TAC膜(富士軟片公司製造，TD80UL)，藉此將凹凸形狀壓扁使之平坦，從而消除因表面形狀引起之霧度之影響，於該狀態下測量霧度測量，而求出內部霧度(Hi)。然後，自整體霧度值減去內部霧度值，而求出表面霧度(Hs)。將光入射面設為基材側。 First, using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Research Institute), the haze (overall haze) was measured in accordance with JIS K-7136:2000. In addition, on the surface of the optical sheet, a TAC film (manufactured by Fuji Film Company, TD80UL) with a thickness of 80 μm is attached via a transparent adhesive, thereby flattening the uneven shape to make it flat, thereby eliminating the effect of haze caused by the surface shape In this state, the haze measurement is performed to obtain the internal haze (Hi). Then, the internal haze value is subtracted from the overall haze value to obtain the surface haze (Hs). The light incident surface is set to the base material side.
1-4.眩光 1-4. Glare
於實施例及比較例中所獲得之各光學片中，將光學片之未形成凹凸層之面與未形成黑矩陣(玻璃厚度0.7mm)之矩陣的玻璃面藉由透明黏著劑進行貼合。對如此所獲得之試樣，於黑矩陣側設置白色面光源(哈克巴公司製造，LIGHTBOX，平均亮度1000cd/m2)，藉此模擬地產生眩光。將其自光學片側利用CCD攝影機(KP-M1，C轉接環轉接器(mount adaptor)， 接寫環(extension tube)；PK-11A尼康，攝影機鏡頭；50mm，F1.4s NIKKOR)進行拍攝。將CCD攝影機與光學片之距離設為250mm，以使CCD攝影機之焦點與光學片對準之方式進行調節。將利用CCD攝影機拍攝而得之影像取入至個人電腦，利用影像處理軟體(ImagePro Plus ver.6.2；Media Cybernetics公司製造)以如下方式進行解析。 In each of the optical sheets obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the surface of the optical sheet on which the concavo-convex layer was not formed and the glass surface of the matrix on which the black matrix (glass thickness 0.7 mm) was not formed were bonded with a transparent adhesive. For the sample thus obtained, a white surface light source (manufactured by Hakba Corporation, LIGHTBOX, average brightness 1000 cd/m 2 ) was provided on the black matrix side, thereby causing glare simulation. Use the CCD camera (KP-M1, C mount adaptor, extension tube); PK-11A Nikon, camera lens; 50mm, F1.4s NIKKOR . Set the distance between the CCD camera and the optical sheet to 250mm, and adjust the focus of the CCD camera to the optical sheet. The image captured by the CCD camera is taken into a personal computer, and analyzed using image processing software (ImagePro Plus ver.6.2; manufactured by Media Cybernetics) in the following manner.
首先，自所取入之影像選擇200×160像素之評價位置，於該評價位置，轉換為16位元灰度。接著，自濾波器指令之增強標籤選擇低通濾波器，於「3×3，次數3，強度10」之條件下施加濾波。藉此將來自黑矩陣圖案之成分去除。接著，選擇平坦化，於「背景：暗，目標寬度10」之條件下進行遮光修正。接著，於對比度增強指令下以「對比度：96，亮度：48」之形式進行對比度增強。將所獲得之影像轉換為8位元灰度，對於其中之150×110像素，將每一像素之值之偏差作為標準差值而算出，藉此將眩光數值化。認為該數值化之眩光值越小，眩光越少。再者，評價係以黑矩陣相當於像素密度350ppi者，與相當於像素密度200ppi者之2者進行。
First, select an evaluation position of 200×160 pixels from the captured image, and convert to 16-bit grayscale at the evaluation position. Next, select a low-pass filter from the enhancement label of the filter command and apply the filter under the condition of "3 x 3,
1-5.防眩性 1-5. Anti-glare
將於所獲得之光學片之基材側將黑色丙烯酸板經由透明黏著劑進行貼合而得之評價用樣品置於水平面，自評價用樣品距離1.5m之上方配置螢光燈，將螢光燈移動至評價用樣品上，且於將評價用樣品上之照度設為800~1200Lx之環境下，自各種角度進行目視官能評價，依照以下基準進行評價。 Place the black acrylic plate on the substrate side of the obtained optical sheet through a transparent adhesive and place the evaluation sample on a horizontal surface. Dispose the fluorescent lamp above the distance of 1.5m from the sample for evaluation. Move to the sample for evaluation, and under the environment where the illuminance on the sample for evaluation is set to 800 to 1200 Lx, perform visual functional evaluation from various angles and evaluate according to the following criteria.
A：自任何角度均無法識別螢光燈之影像。 A: The image of the fluorescent lamp cannot be recognized from any angle.
B：螢光燈之影像映入，但螢光燈之輪廓模糊，無法識別輪廓之邊界部。 B: The image of the fluorescent lamp is reflected, but the outline of the fluorescent lamp is blurred, and the boundary part of the outline cannot be recognized.
C：螢光燈之影像如鏡面般映入，可清晰地識別螢光燈之輪廓(輪廓之邊界部)。 C: The image of the fluorescent lamp is reflected like a mirror, which can clearly identify the outline of the fluorescent lamp (the boundary of the outline).
1-6.白化 1-6. Albino
製作將光學片的透明基材側之面與黑色之丙烯酸板經由透明黏著劑貼合而得之樣品。關於所製作之樣品，於暗室中，於將三波長螢光燈管作為光源之桌上用支架下，依照以下基準觀察白濁感。 A sample obtained by bonding the transparent substrate side surface of the optical sheet and the black acrylic plate through a transparent adhesive was prepared. Regarding the produced samples, in a dark room, under a table stand using a three-wavelength fluorescent tube as a light source, observe the white turbidity according to the following criteria.
A：未觀察到白色。 A: White is not observed.
C：觀察到白色。 C: White is observed.
1-7.干涉條紋 1-7. Interference fringes
使2片光學片以一光學片之凹凸面側與另一光學片之透明基材側相對向之方式重疊。其結果，將未產生干涉條紋者設為「A」，將產生干涉條紋者設為「C」。 Two optical sheets are overlapped so that the concave-convex surface side of one optical sheet faces the transparent substrate side of the other optical sheet. As a result, the person who does not generate interference fringes is set to "A", and the person who produces interference fringes is set to "C".
2.凹凸層形成塗佈液之製備 2. Preparation of coating solution for forming uneven layer
2-1.凹凸層形成塗佈液1
2-1. Coating liquid for forming
藉由珠磨機使下述所示之摻合成分分散而獲得中間組成物。接著，藉由珠磨機使下述所示之摻合成分分散而獲得無機微粒子分散物。進而，一面藉由分散機攪拌中間組成物，一面緩慢地添加無機微粒子分散物，而獲得凹凸層形成塗佈液1。
The intermediate composition was obtained by dispersing the blending components shown below with a bead mill. Next, the blending components shown below are dispersed by a bead mill to obtain a dispersion of inorganic fine particles. Furthermore, while the intermediate composition was stirred by the disperser, the inorganic fine particle dispersion was slowly added to obtain the uneven layer forming
(中間組成物) (Intermediate composition)
‧有機粒子(非親水化處理聚苯乙烯粒子，平均粒徑3.5μm，折射率1.59，比重1.05，積水化成品工業公司製造)/11質量份 ‧Organic particles (non-hydrophilized polystyrene particles, average particle diameter 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59, specific gravity 1.05, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.)/11 parts by mass
‧新戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(比重1.165)/60質量份 ‧Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (specific gravity 1.165)/60 parts by mass
‧胺酯丙烯酸酯(商品名「V-4000BA」，迪愛生公司製造)/40質量份 ‧Aminoester acrylate (trade name "V-4000BA", manufactured by Dickson) / 40 parts by mass
‧光聚合起始劑(商品名「Irgacure 184」，巴斯夫日本(BASF JAPAN)公司製造)/5質量份 ‧Photopolymerization initiator (trade name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF JAPAN)/5 parts by mass
‧聚醚改質聚矽氧(商品名「TSF 4460」，摩曼帝夫特性材料公司製造)/0.025質量份 ‧Polyether modified polysilicone (trade name "TSF 4460", made by Momandifu Performance Materials) / 0.025 parts by mass
‧甲苯/100質量份 ‧Toluene/100 parts by mass
‧異丙醇/40質量份 ‧Isopropyl alcohol/40 parts by mass
‧丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯/25質量份 ‧Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate/25 parts by mass
(無機微粒子分散物) (Inorganic fine particle dispersion)
‧燻製二氧化矽(辛基矽烷處理；平均一次粒徑12nm，比重2.00，日本艾羅西爾公司製造)/7質量份 ‧Fumigated silica (octyl silane treatment; average primary particle size 12nm, specific gravity 2.00, made by Japan Aerosil)/7 parts by mass
‧甲苯/55質量份 ‧Toluene/55 parts by mass
‧異丙醇/20質量份 ‧Isopropyl alcohol/20 parts by mass
2-2.凹凸層形成塗佈液2
2-2. Coating liquid for forming
將中間組成物中有機粒子之摻合量設為14質量份，除此以外，以與凹凸層形成塗佈液1相同之方式獲得凹凸層形成塗佈液2。
Except having set the blending amount of the organic particles in the intermediate composition to 14 parts by mass, the concavo-convex layer forming
2-3.凹凸層形成塗佈液3
2-3. Coating solution for forming
將中間組成物中有機粒子之摻合量設為8質量份，進而將無機微粒子分散物中燻製二氧化矽之摻合量設為9質量份，除此以外，以與凹凸層形成塗佈液1相同之方式獲得凹凸層形成塗佈液3。
The blending amount of the organic particles in the intermediate composition is set to 8 parts by mass, and further the blending amount of the smoked silica in the inorganic fine particle dispersion is set to 9 parts by mass, in addition to forming the coating liquid with the
2-4.凹凸層形成塗佈液4 2-4. Coating solution for forming uneven layer 4
將中間組成物之有機粒子設為非親水化處理丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物粒子(平均粒徑3.5μm，折射率1.57，比重1.08，積水化成品工業公司製造)且將摻合量設為12質量份，除此以外，以與凹凸層形成塗佈液1相同之方式獲得凹凸層形成塗佈液4。
The organic particles of the intermediate composition were non-hydrophilized acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (average particle diameter 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.57, specific gravity 1.08, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the blending amount was set to 12 mass In addition, except for this, the uneven layer forming coating liquid 4 is obtained in the same manner as the uneven layer forming
2-5.凹凸層形成塗佈液5 2-5. Coating solution for forming uneven layer 5
藉由珠磨機分散下述所示之摻合成分而獲得凹凸層用組成物5。 The composition 5 for the uneven layer was obtained by dispersing the blending components shown below with a bead mill.
‧有機粒子(非親水化處理聚苯乙烯粒子，平均粒徑3.5μm，折射率1.59，比重1.06，綜研化學公司製造/14質量份) ‧Organic particles (non-hydrophilized polystyrene particles, average particle diameter 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.59, specific gravity 1.06, manufactured by Zheyan Chemical Company/14 parts by mass)
‧新戊四醇三丙烯酸酯/100質量份 ‧Pentaerythritol triacrylate/100 parts by mass
‧丙烯酸聚合物(分子量75,000，三菱麗陽公司製造)/10質量份 ‧Acrylic polymer (molecular weight 75,000, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon)/10 parts by mass
‧光聚合起始劑(商品名「Irgacure 184」，巴斯夫日本公司製造)/5質量份 ‧Photopolymerization initiator (trade name "Irgacure 184", manufactured by BASF Japan)/5 parts by mass
‧聚醚改質聚矽氧(商品名「TSF 4460」，摩曼帝夫特性材料公司製造)/0.025質量份 ‧Polyether modified polysilicone (trade name "TSF 4460", made by Momandifu Performance Materials) / 0.025 parts by mass
‧甲苯/120質量份 ‧Toluene/120 parts by mass
‧環己酮/30質量份 ‧Cyclohexanone/30 parts by mass
2-6.凹凸層形成塗佈液6 2-6. Concavo-convex layer forming coating liquid 6
將有機粒子設為非親水化處理丙烯酸-苯乙烯共聚物粒子(平均粒徑3.5μm，折射率1.57，比重1.08，積水化成品工業公司製造)，除此以外，以與凹凸層用組成物5相同之方式獲得凹凸層用組成物6。 The organic particles were non-hydrophilized acrylic-styrene copolymer particles (average particle diameter 3.5 μm, refractive index 1.57, specific gravity 1.08, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), and other than the composition for uneven layer 5 The composition 6 for the uneven layer was obtained in the same manner.
2-7.凹凸層形成塗佈液7 2-7. Coating solution for forming uneven layer 7
不摻合有機粒子，除此以外，以與凹凸層用組成物5相同之方式獲得 凹凸層用組成物7。 It is obtained in the same manner as the composition 5 for concave-convex layers except that organic particles are not blended Composition 7 for uneven layer.
3.光學片之製作 3. Production of optical sheets
[實施例1] [Example 1]
於透明基材(厚度80μm之三乙醯纖維素樹脂膜，富士軟片公司製造，TD80UL)上，塗佈凹凸層形成塗佈液1，於70℃、風速5m/s之條件下乾燥30秒鐘後，於氮氣環境(氧濃度200ppm以下)下以累計光量成為100mJ/cm2之方式照射紫外線，形成凹凸層，而獲得光學片。凹凸層之膜厚為6.0μm。
On a transparent substrate (triacetyl cellulose resin film with a thickness of 80 μm, manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., TD80UL), apply the uneven layer to form the
[實施例2~4] [Examples 2 to 4]
將凹凸層形成塗佈液1設為凹凸層塗佈液2~4，除此以外，以與實施例1相同之方式，而獲得實施例2~4之光學片。
The optical sheets of Examples 2 to 4 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the coating liquid for forming the
[比較例1] [Comparative Example 1]
將凹凸層形成塗佈液1設為凹凸層塗佈液5，進而將凹凸層之膜厚設為4.5μm，除此以外，以與實施例1相同之方式獲得比較例1之光學片。
The optical sheet of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating liquid for forming the
[比較例2] [Comparative Example 2]
將凹凸層形成塗佈液5設為凹凸層塗佈液6，除此以外，以與比較例1相同之方式獲得比較例2之光學片。 The optical sheet of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the coating solution 5 for forming a concavo-convex layer was used as the coating solution 6 for concavo-convex layer.
[比較例3] [Comparative Example 3]
將凹凸層形成塗佈液5設為凹凸層塗佈液7，除此以外，以與比較例1相同之方式獲得比較例3之光學片。 An optical sheet of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the coating solution 5 for forming a concavo-convex layer was used as the coating solution 7 for concavo-convex layer.
自表1之結果明確得知，實施例1~4之光學片可賦予防眩性等各特性，並且可防止像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細的顯示元件之眩光，進而對比度亦優異。又，關於實施例1~4之光學片，針對像素密度350ppi之顯示元件之眩光防止性，相較於比較例1~2之光學片顯示極其良好之效果，但針對像素密度200ppi之顯示元件之眩光防止性能，與比較例1~2之光學片之效果的差距變小。由此可知，實施例1~4之光學片對像素密度300ppi以上之超高精細之顯示元件極其有用。 It is clear from the results in Table 1 that the optical sheets of Examples 1 to 4 can impart various characteristics such as anti-glare properties, and can prevent glare of ultra-high-definition display elements having a pixel density of 300 ppi or more, and also have excellent contrast. In addition, regarding the optical sheets of Examples 1 to 4, the glare prevention performance of the display element with a pixel density of 350 ppi is extremely good compared to the optical sheets of Comparative Examples 1 to 2, but for the display element with a pixel density of 200 ppi The gap between the glare prevention performance and the effect of the optical sheets of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 becomes smaller. It can be seen that the optical sheets of Examples 1 to 4 are extremely useful for ultra-high-definition display elements with a pixel density of 300 ppi or more.
再者，比較例3之光學片由於在凹凸層中不含有透光性粒子，故而眩光防止性優異，但防眩性差，並且會產生干涉條紋，且不耐用。 In addition, the optical sheet of Comparative Example 3 does not contain light-transmitting particles in the concavo-convex layer, and therefore is excellent in glare prevention, but has poor anti-glare properties, generates interference fringes and is not durable.
4.觸控面板之製作 4. Production of touch panel
於實施例1~4及比較例1~3之光學片之透明基材側，藉由濺鍍法形成厚度20nm之銦錫氧化物之導電性膜，而設為上部電極板。接著，於厚度1mm之強化玻璃板之一面，藉由濺鍍法形成厚度約20nm之銦錫氧化物之導電性膜，而設為下部電極板。接著，於下部電極板之具有導電性膜之面，藉由網版印刷法將作為間隔件用塗佈液之游離放射線硬化型樹脂(Dot Cure TR5903，太陽油墨公司)印刷為點狀後，藉由高壓水銀燈照射紫外線，使直徑50μm，高度8μm之間隔件以1mm之間隔排列。 On the transparent substrate sides of the optical sheets of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, a conductive film of indium tin oxide with a thickness of 20 nm was formed by a sputtering method to be an upper electrode plate. Next, a conductive film of indium tin oxide with a thickness of about 20 nm was formed on one surface of a tempered glass plate with a thickness of 1 mm by a sputtering method to form a lower electrode plate. Next, on the surface of the lower electrode plate with the conductive film, the free radiation-curable resin (Dot Cure TR5903, Sun Ink Co., Ltd.) as the coating solution for the spacer was printed into dots by screen printing. The high-pressure mercury lamp is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so that spacers with a diameter of 50 μm and a height of 8 μm are arranged at intervals of 1 mm.
接著，將上部電極板與下部電極板以使導電性膜彼此相對向之方式配置，利用厚度30μm，寬度3mm之兩面接著膠帶將邊緣接著，而製作實施例1~4及比較例1~3之電阻膜式觸控面板。 Next, the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate were arranged in such a manner that the conductive films faced each other, and the edges were adhered using two sides of a thickness of 30 μm and a width of 3 mm, followed by adhesive tape to produce Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Resistive film touch panel.
將所獲得之電阻膜式觸控面板載置於市售之超高精細液晶顯示裝置(像素密度350ppi)上，以目視評價有無眩光，結果實施例1~4之觸控面板之眩光得到抑制，外界光之映入亦少，可見度良好。又，實施例1~4的觸控面板之超高精細的影像之解析度未受損，於亮室環境下之對比度亦良好。另一方面，比較例1~2之觸控面板之眩光明顯。再者，比較例3之觸控面板映入外界光，辨視性欠佳。 The obtained resistive film type touch panel was mounted on a commercially available ultra-high-definition liquid crystal display device (pixel density 350 ppi), and the presence or absence of glare was visually evaluated. As a result, the glare of the touch panels of Examples 1 to 4 was suppressed. There is also little reflection of outside light and good visibility. In addition, the resolution of the ultra-high-definition images of the touch panels of Examples 1 to 4 is not damaged, and the contrast in a bright room environment is also good. On the other hand, the glare of the touch panels of Comparative Examples 1 to 2 is obvious. Furthermore, the touch panel of Comparative Example 3 reflects external light, and the visibility is poor.
5.顯示裝置之製作 5. Production of display device
將實施例1~4及比較例1~3之光學片與市售之超高精細液晶顯示裝置(像素密度350ppi)經由透明黏著劑進行貼合，而製作實施例1~4及比較例1~3之顯示裝置。再者，貼合時，使光學片之凹凸面朝向與顯示元件相反之側。 The optical sheets of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and a commercially available ultra-high-definition liquid crystal display device (pixel density of 350 ppi) were laminated through a transparent adhesive to produce Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The display device. Furthermore, when bonding, the concave-convex surface of the optical sheet is directed to the side opposite to the display element.
以目視對有無所獲得之顯示裝置之眩光進行評價，結果實施例1~4之顯示裝置之眩光得到抑制，外界光之映入亦少，可見度良好。又，實施例1~4的顯示裝置之超高精細的影像之解析度未受損，於亮室環境下之對比度亦良好。另一方面，比較例1~2之顯示裝置之眩光明顯。再者，比較例3之顯示裝置映入外界光，可見度欠佳。 The glare of the obtained display device was evaluated visually. As a result, the glare of the display devices of Examples 1 to 4 was suppressed, the reflection of external light was also low, and the visibility was good. In addition, the resolution of the ultra-high-definition images of the display devices of Examples 1 to 4 is not damaged, and the contrast in a bright room environment is also good. On the other hand, the glare of the display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 2 is obvious. Furthermore, the display device of Comparative Example 3 reflects outside light and has poor visibility.
1‧‧‧電阻膜式觸控面板 1‧‧‧resistive film touch panel
11‧‧‧透明基板 11‧‧‧Transparent substrate
12‧‧‧透明導電膜 12‧‧‧Transparent conductive film
13‧‧‧間隔件 13‧‧‧ spacer
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| JP2015036589A JP6500495B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2015-02-26 | Touch panel, display device, optical sheet, method of sorting optical sheet, and method of manufacturing optical sheet |
| JPJP2015-036582 | 2015-02-26 | ||
| JPJP2015-036589 | 2015-02-26 | ||
| JP2015036582A JP6497126B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2015-02-26 | Touch panel, display device, optical sheet, optical sheet sorting method, and optical sheet manufacturing method |
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| WO2019065865A1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-04 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Anti-glare film and display device using same |
| CN107977124B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-11-03 | 友达光电（苏州）有限公司 | Three-dimensional touch panel |
| JP7484882B2 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2024-05-16 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Resin layer, optical film and image display device |
| KR20220016952A (en) * | 2019-06-07 | 2022-02-10 | 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | Anti-glare film, anti-glare article using same, touch panel and display device, and selection method of anti-glare film |
| WO2021235491A1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-25 | 恵和株式会社 | Optical sheet, backlight unit, liquid crystal display apparatus, and information device |
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