TWI692178B - High efficiency intelligent motor - Google Patents
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- TWI692178B TWI692178B TW107142973A TW107142973A TWI692178B TW I692178 B TWI692178 B TW I692178B TW 107142973 A TW107142973 A TW 107142973A TW 107142973 A TW107142973 A TW 107142973A TW I692178 B TWI692178 B TW I692178B
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本發明係有關於一種智慧型馬達,特別是有關一種高效率之智慧型馬達。The invention relates to a smart motor, in particular to a high-efficiency smart motor.
查,電動機亦稱為電動馬達,尤其能將電能轉換為機械能,用以驅動機械作旋轉、振動或直線運動,而以往皆使用以具有控制容易優點之直流馬達,只要使用改變該直流馬達之電樞地即可達到變速的目的,使得從零轉速到額定轉速,便可使該直流馬達的轉矩維持在固定值上;惟,該直流馬達係利用電樞進行運轉,故當該電樞位於該直流馬達之轉子處,則使用時必須再使用換向片與該直流馬達內之定子上的碳刷接觸,然而當該直流馬達受驅動旋轉時,會使兩者摩擦後易產火花,使得該直流馬達的使用場合受到限制,同於使用於該定子上之該碳刷亦必須經常維護,大大降低該直流馬達的使用可靠度。Check, the electric motor is also called electric motor, especially can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, used to drive machinery for rotation, vibration or linear motion, and in the past, DC motors with easy control have been used, as long as the DC motor is used to change The armature can achieve the purpose of variable speed, so that from zero speed to rated speed, the torque of the DC motor can be maintained at a fixed value; however, the DC motor is operated by the armature, so when the armature Located at the rotor of the DC motor, you must use the commutator to contact the carbon brush on the stator in the DC motor. However, when the DC motor is driven to rotate, it will cause friction between the two and produce sparks. As a result, the use occasion of the DC motor is restricted, and the carbon brush used on the stator must also be maintained frequently, which greatly reduces the reliability of the DC motor.
而另一永磁同步馬達由於沒有碳刷,因此較直流馬達易維護,且效率高、體積亦為比較小,且為能廣泛地應用在工業及民生用品上,例如:工具機、壓縮機、冷氣機及電動車等的整合領域,而該永磁同步馬達其主要基本結構由定子與轉子,以及一包覆於該定子外部上之機體所構成,同時其運轉方式係藉由磁場導向控制的觀念使定子電流分解成與轉子相同的磁場電流以及與其正交的轉矩電流兩分量,控制定子三向電流的大小、相位和頻率,以控制該永磁同步馬的的輸出轉矩,如此使用磁場導向控制方法可以得到較直接轉矩控制為佳的運轉精確度;然,使用後發現雖該永磁同步馬達效率較該直流馬達高,但其構件之一的該轉子易受到溫度與電流影響,會有退磁,亦或外在因素的碰撞損壞無法有效受到監測控制的問題,而導致該轉子旋轉位置(即轉矩)會有誤差,進而降低該永磁同步馬達的工作效率,實需改進。 The other permanent magnet synchronous motor has no carbon brush, so it is easier to maintain than a DC motor, and has high efficiency and a relatively small size. It is widely used in industrial and household products, such as machine tools, compressors, In the field of integration of air conditioners and electric vehicles, the main basic structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is composed of a stator and a rotor, and a body wrapped on the outside of the stator. At the same time, its operation mode is controlled by magnetic field guidance. The concept is to decompose the stator current into the same magnetic field current as the rotor and the two components of the torque current orthogonal to it, to control the size, phase and frequency of the stator three-way current to control the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous horse. The field-oriented control method can obtain better operation accuracy than direct torque control; however, after use, it is found that although the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is higher than that of the DC motor, the rotor of one of its components is susceptible to temperature and current , There will be the problem of demagnetization, or the collision damage of external factors cannot be effectively monitored and controlled, resulting in an error in the rotor rotation position (that is, torque), thereby reducing the working efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which needs improvement .
因此,本發明之目的,是在提供一種高效率之智慧型馬達,其能針對該智慧型馬達使用進行精準控制,以提升該智慧型馬達工作效率。 Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency smart motor, which can accurately control the use of the smart motor to improve the working efficiency of the smart motor.
於是,本發明高效率之智慧型馬達,其包含有一機體,一設於該機體內之定子,一設於該定子內且依該定子產生磁場方向運動之轉子,一設於該轉子上且受該轉子運動而產生轉動之轉子軸承,一設於該機體上且分別以驅動該定子與該轉子作動之驅動器,一設於該機體上之偵測模組,以及分別設於該機體二測之前端蓋與後端蓋;其中,該偵測模組位於該前端蓋處,且包括有一設於該前端蓋上且位於該轉子軸承前端的控制面板,以及一設於該控制面板側邊之磁性體,而前述該磁性體上開設有一開孔,恰可供該轉子軸承伸置;另,該控制面板具有一與該驅動器連接之控制器,以及一與該控制器連接且與該磁性體鄰接之角度傳感器;是以,當該智慧型馬達受驅動使該定子因接收到交流電後而即產生異極磁極以吸引該轉子上的磁極追隨,以使該轉子同步產生旋轉 時,透過該轉子軸承處具有該偵測模組的設置,使得該磁性體在隨該專子軸承轉動時得以產生極性變化,同時再利用該控制面板上之角度傳感器針對該極性變化進行感應,且將感應所得的數值經該控制器進行分析、計算,以使該控制器進一步控制該驅動器、該定子動作,進而精準控制該智慧型馬達轉動,有效降低控制誤差進而提升該智慧型馬達工作效率。 Therefore, the high-efficiency smart motor of the present invention includes a body, a stator disposed in the body, a rotor disposed in the stator and moving in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the stator, and a rotor disposed on the rotor Rotor bearings generated by the movement of the rotor, a driver provided on the machine body to drive the stator and the rotor, a detection module provided on the machine body, and two measurement devices respectively provided on the machine body Front end cover and rear end cover; wherein, the detection module is located at the front end cover, and includes a control panel disposed on the front end cover and located at the front end of the rotor bearing, and a magnetic panel disposed on the side of the control panel The magnetic body is provided with an opening just for the rotor bearing to extend; in addition, the control panel has a controller connected to the driver, and a controller connected to the controller and adjacent to the magnetic body Angle sensor; therefore, when the smart motor is driven so that the stator generates an alternating pole magnetic pole after receiving the alternating current to attract the magnetic pole on the rotor to follow, so that the rotor rotates synchronously When the rotor bearing is provided with the detection module, the magnetic body can change its polarity when it rotates with the special bearing, and at the same time, the angle sensor on the control panel is used to sense the polarity change. And the sensed value is analyzed and calculated by the controller, so that the controller further controls the operation of the drive and the stator, and then accurately controls the rotation of the smart motor, effectively reducing control errors and improving the working efficiency of the smart motor .
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效,在以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中,將可清楚的明白。 The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly understood in the following detailed description with reference to the preferred embodiments of the drawings.
參閱圖1,本發明之一較佳實施例,本實施例高效率之智慧型馬達1包含有一機體11,一設於該機體11內之定子12,一設於該定子12內且依該定子12產生磁場方向運動之轉子13,一設於該轉子13上且受到該轉子13運動而產生傳動之轉子軸承14,一設於該機體11上且分別以驅動該定子12與轉子13作動之驅動器15,一設於該機體11上之偵測模組16,以及分別設於該機體11二側之前端蓋17與後端蓋18;其中,該定子12係為一中空設置,且以固定方式設於該機體11內,同時當該定子12受到電流驅動後,該定子便會產生磁場且形於中空處;另,該轉子13為一永磁體製成,且該轉子13與該定子12相對之周緣上形成有複數對的磁極(圖中僅以簡圖表示),而該複數對的磁極即為南磁極和北磁極形成交替排列於該轉子13周緣上;至於,該轉子軸承14係設於該轉子13上,且二端分別定位於該前端蓋17與該後端蓋18上,以使當該定子12接收交流電而產生磁場充斥於中空處時,該轉子13得以透過該轉子軸承14的定位的協助,使得該轉子13上的磁極受到磁場的吸引進而產生同步旋轉。Referring to FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The high-efficiency smart motor 1 of this embodiment includes a
接續前述,該偵測模組16設於該前端蓋17處,且該偵測模組16包括有一設於該前端蓋17上且位於該轉子軸承14前端之控制面板161,以及一設於該控制面板161側邊之磁性體162;其中,該磁性體162上開設有一開孔1621,恰可供該轉子軸承14伸置,且利用該轉子軸承14轉動同時,致使該磁性體162產生極性變化;另,該控制面板161具有一與該驅動器15連接的控制器1611,以及一與該控制器1611連接且與該磁性體162鄰近之角度傳感器1612,而前述該角度傳感器1612為一內分割至少有4096以上之高解析角度數值,並在該磁性體162對應該轉子13於旋轉時產生極性變化的轉速週期進行對應,同時亦針對該轉子13旋轉角度的溢位、不足位進行編碼計算,俾將感應之訊息連接至該控制器1611;另,該控制器1611在接收到該角度傳感器1612的感應訊息時,進行分析、處理同時將處理之結果轉換為一處理訊號傳至該驅動器15,使該驅動器15接收處理訊號以針對輸入電流進行控制調整,而該轉子13之轉速即會受到該定子12因接受控制電流的不同所影響,被適當由溢位或不足位的旋轉位置(轉矩)受到導引、校正至相對位置上;特別是,在本實施例中,該控制面板161上另設有一溫度傳感器1613,且該溫度傳感器1613鄰設於該磁性體162側邊,而該溫度傳感器1613亦與該控制器1611連接,俾使當該角度傳感器1612感應該磁性體162的極性變化時亦同步針對該轉子13運動時的溫度變化的進行感應,且連接至該控制器1611,以使該控制器1611得以適時控制該驅動器15、該定子12動作。
Following the foregoing, the
參閱圖1至圖3,在實施例作動時,該驅動器15接收到一驅動指令時,其便會將電流輸入,使得輸入之該電流以循序漸進方式來觸發該定子12,而該定子12在接收到電流後便會產生異極磁極的磁場形成於中空處,這時位於該定子12內之該轉子13周緣上的複數磁極便會受到該定子12磁場的吸引,而使該轉子13產生同步旋轉,這時受到該轉子軸承14伸置之該磁性體162亦隨該轉子軸承14轉動而產生極性變化,同時鄰近該磁性體162之該角度傳感器1612與該溫度傳感器1613,即會針對該磁性體162的極性變化與該轉子13運動時溫度變化進行感應,因此透過該角度傳感器1612之高解析度角度數值相對轉速週期所產生的極性變化進行對應,同時該溫度傳感器1613亦同步針對該轉子13運動時所形成的溫度進行感應,俾將感應後所得分別連動至該控制器1611處進行分析、計算,因此若當經該控制器1611分析、計算而與高解析角度數值有誤差,亦或接收到有溫度異常等情事時,該控制器1611便會立即控制該驅動器15,由該驅動器15接收到該控制器1611的連動後以針對輸入電流進行適當的控制,而該轉子13之轉速運動即會受到該定子12因接受控制電流的不同而有所影響,俾將該轉子13旋轉運動形成偏差的角度位置(轉矩)導引至相對位置上,使得旋轉運動位置(轉矩)得到校正,藉此利用該偵測模組16的設置得以精準控制該轉子13運動時所會產生之位置
誤差、溫度保護等管控達致最佳化控制與即時監測狀態,以精準控制該轉子13的轉動,使得該智慧型馬達1於作動時得以保持命令、保持扭矩的運動,當然若受到外在因素碰撞損壞亦能即時受到監測以進一步進行控制調整,如此不但能避免如同習知之該轉子因磁場溫度與電流影響而會有運作異常情事產生,同時亦不會有退磁問題導致該轉子13旋轉位置(即轉矩)會有誤差缺失,如此更能有效針對該智慧型馬達1使用狀態得到即時的監控,與溫度保護控制,將大幅有效降低控制誤差進而提升該智慧型馬達1工作效率,同時將本發明之該具有高效率之智慧型馬達1應用在電動車上,更能大大提升電動車的使用效能。
Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, when the embodiment is activated, the
歸納前述,本發明高效率之智慧型馬達,藉由該偵測模組於該轉子軸承前端具有控制面板與磁性體的設置,同時該控制面板具有控制器與角度傳感器的設計;是以,利用該角度傳感器以鄰近該磁性體方式感應該磁性體因該轉子軸承轉動時產生的極性變化,並連動至該控制器適時控制該驅動器、該定子動作,藉此使該轉子運動時所會產生之位置誤差受到最佳化的精準控制與及時監測狀態,藉此能大幅有效降低控制誤差進而提升該智慧型馬達工作效率,故確實能達到本發明之目的。 In summary, the high-efficiency intelligent motor of the present invention has a control panel and a magnetic body disposed at the front end of the rotor bearing through the detection module, and the control panel has a design of a controller and an angle sensor; The angle sensor senses the polarity change of the magnetic body due to the rotation of the rotor bearing in a manner adjacent to the magnetic body, and is linked to the controller to control the operation of the drive and the stator in a timely manner, thereby causing the rotor to move The position error is optimized and accurately controlled and the state is monitored in time, thereby greatly reducing the control error and improving the working efficiency of the intelligent motor, so the purpose of the present invention can indeed be achieved.
惟以上所述者,僅為說明本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 However, the above are only for explaining the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention , Should still fall within the scope of this invention patent.
(本發明)(this invention)
1:高效率之智慧型馬達1: High efficiency smart motor
11:機體11: Body
12:定子12: stator
13:轉子13: rotor
14:轉子軸承14: rotor bearing
15:驅動器15: Drive
16:偵測模組16: Detection module
17:前端蓋17: Front cover
18:後端蓋18: Rear cover
161:控制面板161: Control panel
162:磁性體162: Magnetic body
1611:控制器1611: Controller
1612:角度傳感器1612: Angle sensor
1613:溫度傳感器1613: Temperature sensor
1621:開孔1621: Cut out
圖1是本發明之一較佳實例之立體分解示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of a preferred example of the present invention.
圖2是該較佳實例之組合局部剖面示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a combination of the preferred example.
圖3是該較佳實例之控制方塊示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control block of the preferred example.
1:高效率之智慧型馬達 1: High efficiency smart motor
11:機體 11: Body
12:定子 12: stator
13:轉子 13: rotor
14:轉子軸承 14: rotor bearing
15:驅動器 15: Drive
16:偵測模組 16: Detection module
17:前端蓋 17: Front cover
18:後端蓋 18: Rear cover
161:控制面板 161: Control panel
162:磁性體 162: Magnetic body
1611:控制器 1611: Controller
1612:角度傳感器 1612: Angle sensor
1613:溫度傳感器 1613: Temperature sensor
1621:開孔 1621: Cut out
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW452030U (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2001-08-21 | Lee Yi Ho | Auxiliary power motor |
TWM493815U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-11 | China Engine Corp | Rotor structure and integrated activation type motor-generator applying the rotor structure |
CN207868970U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-09-14 | 大青节能科技公司 | flat DC motor |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW452030U (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2001-08-21 | Lee Yi Ho | Auxiliary power motor |
TWM493815U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-11 | China Engine Corp | Rotor structure and integrated activation type motor-generator applying the rotor structure |
CN207868970U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-09-14 | 大青节能科技公司 | flat DC motor |
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