TWI678873B

TWI678873B - Interleaved dc-dc forward converter

Info

Publication number: TWI678873B
Application number: TW107147817A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 楊隆生; Lung Sheng Yang; 鄭至焜; Chih Kun Cheng; 林家慶; Chia Ching Lin; 馮憓紳; Huei Shen Fong
Original assignee: 遠東科技大學; Far East University
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2018-12-28
Publication date: 2019-12-01
Also published as: TW202027393A

Abstract

一種錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，接收輸入電壓，並將輸入電壓轉換成輸出電壓給負載，且包含變壓器、第一開關、第二開關、第一二極體、第二二極體、第三二極體、電容、第一電感、第二電感、輸出電容，及控制單元，第一開關、第二開關皆受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間，控制單元輸出第一脈波調變信號及第二脈波調變信號，且第一脈波調變信號及第二脈波調變信號彼此錯相，第一開關接收第一脈波調變信號且受其控制，第二開關接收第二脈波調變信號且受其控制，使本發明減少使用元件、成本降低、提供高降壓比，及輸出電流為低漣波。 A out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter receives an input voltage and converts the input voltage into an output voltage to a load, and includes a transformer, a first switch, a second switch, a first diode, and a second diode. , The third diode, the capacitor, the first inductor, the second inductor, the output capacitor, and the control unit. The first switch and the second switch are controlled to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. A pulse wave modulation signal and a second pulse wave modulation signal, and the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal are out of phase with each other. The first switch receives the first pulse wave modulation signal and is controlled by the first pulse wave modulation signal. The second switch receives the second pulse wave modulation signal and is controlled by it, so that the present invention reduces the use of components, reduces the cost, provides a high step-down ratio, and the output current is low ripple.

Description

錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器 Out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter

本發明係關於一種錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，尤指利用一第一開關、一第二開關受控制為錯相操作，配合一變壓器、一第一電感、一第二電感及一電容的作用的錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器。 The present invention relates to a staggered phase DC-DC forward converter, especially using a first switch and a second switch to be controlled for out-of-phase operation, cooperated with a transformer, a first inductor, a second inductor and a Capacitor's out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter.

參閱第一圖，為傳統的錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，接收一輸入電壓V_in並轉換成一輸出電壓V_o提供給一負載R，該直流-直流轉換器包含一第一變壓器T_r1、一第二變壓器T_r2、一第一開關S₀₁、一第二開關S₀₂、一第一二極體D₀₁、一第二二極體D₀₂、一第三二極體D₀₃、一第四二極體D₀₄、一第五二極體D₀₅、一第六二極體D₀₆、一第一電感L₀₁、一第二電感L₀₂，及一輸出電容C_o1。該第一變壓器T_r1具有一一次側繞組p1、一二次側繞組s1，及一三次側繞組t1，該第二變壓器T_r2具有一一次側繞組p2、一二次側繞組s2，及一三次側繞組t2。此傳統的錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器的電壓增益比為nD，其中，D為該第一開關、該第二開關的一責任週期，n表示該第一變壓器T_r1及該第二變壓器T_r2的匝數比，n=N_s1/N_p1=N_s2/N_p2，N_s1表示該第一變壓器T_r1的二次側繞組的匝數，N_p1表示該第一變壓器T_r1的一次側繞組的匝數，N_s2表示該第二變壓器T_r2的二次側繞組的匝數，N_p2表示該第二變壓器T_r2的一次側繞組的匝數。此電路雖可提供低漣波的輸出電流，但使用的元件相當多，無法降低成本。 Referring to the first figure, a conventional out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter receives an input voltage V _in and converts it into an output voltage V _{o and} provides it to a load R. The DC-DC converter includes a first transformer T _r1 , a second transformer _Tr2 , a first switch _S01 , a second switch _S02 , a first diode _D01 , a second diode _D02 , a third diode _D03 , A fourth diode D ₀₄ , a fifth diode D ₀₅ , a sixth diode D ₀₆ , a first inductor L ₀₁ , a second inductor L ₀₂ , and an output capacitor C _o1 . The first transformer T _r1 has a primary side winding p1, a secondary side winding s1, and a tertiary side winding t1. The second transformer T _r2 has a primary side winding p2, and a secondary side winding s2. And one and three side windings t2. The voltage gain ratio of this conventional out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter is nD, where D is a duty cycle of the first switch and the second switch, and n represents the first transformer T _r1 and the second transformer. turns ratio of the transformer T _{_{_r2, n = N s1 / N p1}} = N s2 / N p2, N s1 represents the number of turns of the secondary winding of the first transformer T _r1, N _p1 denotes the first transformer T _r1 of the number of turns of the primary winding, N _s2 denotes the number of turns of the secondary winding of the second transformer T _r2, N _p2 represents the number of turns of the primary winding of the second transformer T _r2. Although this circuit can provide low ripple output current, it uses quite a lot of components and cannot reduce the cost.

因此，本發明之目的，即在解決傳統的錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器使用的元件相當多，無法降低成本而提出一種錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the conventional out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter uses a large number of components and cannot reduce the cost, and proposes an out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter.

於是，本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器接收一輸入電壓，並將該輸入電壓轉換成一輸出電壓給一負載，且該錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器包含一變壓器、一第一開關、一第二開關、一第一二極體、一第二二極體、一第三二極體、一電容、一第一電感、一第二電感、一輸出電容，及一控制單元。 Therefore, the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter of the present invention receives an input voltage and converts the input voltage into an output voltage to a load, and the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter includes a transformer, a first A switch, a second switch, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a capacitor, a first inductor, a second inductor, an output capacitor, and a control unit .

該變壓器電連接該輸入電壓，該第一開關電連接在該變壓器及該輸入電壓之間，且受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間，該第二開關受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間，該第一二極體電連接在該變壓器及該第二開關之間，該第二二極體電連接該變壓器，該第三二極體電連接在該第二開關及該變壓器之間，該電容電連接在該第一二極體及該第二二極體之間，該第一電感電連接該電容，該第二電感電連接在該第一電感及該第三二極體之間，該輸出電容電連接在該第一電感及該第三二極體之間，該輸出電容的跨壓為該輸出電壓，該負載並聯該輸出電容以接收該輸出電壓，該控制單元輸出一第一脈波調變信號及一第二脈波調變信號，且該第一脈波調變信號及該第二脈波調變信號彼此錯相，該第一開關接收該第一脈波調變信號且受該第一脈波調變信號控制，該第二開關接收該第二脈波調變信號且受該第二脈波調變信號控制。 The transformer is electrically connected to the input voltage, the first switch is electrically connected between the transformer and the input voltage, and is controlled to switch between a conductive state and a non-conductive state, and the second switch is controlled to switch to a conductive state And non-conducting state, the first diode is electrically connected between the transformer and the second switch, the second diode is electrically connected to the transformer, and the third diode is electrically connected to the second switch And the transformer, the capacitor is electrically connected between the first diode and the second diode, the first inductor is electrically connected to the capacitor, and the second inductor is electrically connected to the first inductor and the first inductor Between the three diodes, the output capacitor is electrically connected between the first inductor and the third diode. The voltage across the output capacitor is the output voltage. The load is connected in parallel with the output capacitor to receive the output voltage. The control unit outputs a first pulse wave modulation signal and a second pulse wave modulation signal, and the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal are out of phase with each other, and the first switch receives the The first pulse wave modulates the signal and is subject to the first pulse wave Varying the control signal, the second switch receives the second pulse modulation signal and the second pulse modulation signal and the control subject.

進一步，該變壓器包括一一次側繞組及一二次側繞組，該一次側繞組及該二次側繞組的每一者具有一第一端及一第二端，該變壓器的一次側繞組的第一端電連接該輸入電壓的正極，該第一開關具有電連接該變壓器的一次側繞組的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該輸入電壓的負極的一第二端，該第二開關具有一第一端及一第二端，該第一二極體具有電連接該變壓器的二次側繞組的第一端的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關的第一端的一陰極，該第二二極體具有電連接該變壓器的二次側繞組的第二端的一陽極，及一陰極，該第三二極體具有電連接該第二二極體的陽極的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關的第二端的一陰極，該電容具有電連接該第一二極體的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第二二極體的陰極的一第二端，該第一電感具有電連接該電容的第二端的一第一端，及一第二端，該第二電感具有電連接該第三二極體的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第一電感的第二端的一第二端，該輸出電容具有電連接該第一電感的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該第三二極體的陽極的一第二端。 Further, the transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. Each of the primary winding and the secondary winding has a first end and a second end. One end is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the input voltage, and the first switch has a primary connection to the transformer. A first end of a second end of the side winding and a second end of a negative electrode electrically connected to the input voltage, the second switch has a first end and a second end, and the first diode has an electrical connection with the An anode at the first end of the secondary winding of the transformer and a cathode electrically connected to the first end of the second switch, the second diode has an electrode electrically connected to the second end of the secondary winding of the transformer. An anode and a cathode, the third diode having an anode electrically connected to the anode of the second diode, and a cathode electrically connected to the second end of the second switch, the capacitor having an electrical connection to the first two A first end of the cathode of the pole body and a second end of the cathode of the second diode body, the first inductor has a first end electrically connected to the second end of the capacitor, and a second end The second inductor has a first terminal electrically connected to the cathode of the third diode and a second terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and the output capacitor has a first terminal electrically connected to the first inductor; A first end of the two ends and a second end of the anode electrically connected to the third diode.

進一步，該錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器還包含一第四二極體，該變壓器還包括一三次側繞組，該三次側繞組具有一第一端及一第二端，該第四二極體具有電連接該變壓器的三次側繞組的第二端的一陽極，及電連接該輸入電壓的正極的一陰極，該變壓器的三次側繞組的第一端電連接該輸入電壓的負極。 Further, the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter further includes a fourth diode, the transformer further includes a tertiary winding, the tertiary winding has a first end and a second end, and the fourth The diode has an anode electrically connected to the second end of the tertiary winding of the transformer and a cathode electrically connected to the positive pole of the input voltage, and the first end of the tertiary winding of the transformer is electrically connected to the negative pole of the input voltage.

進一步，該變壓器的一次側繞組、二次側繞組及三次側繞組的第一端皆為一極性點端，該變壓器的一次側繞組、二次側繞組及三次側繞組的第二端皆為一非極性點端。 Further, the first end of the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the tertiary winding of the transformer are all polar point terminals, and the second end of the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the tertiary winding of the transformer are all one. Non-polar point end.

進一步，當該第一開關為導通狀態，該第二開關為不導通狀態時，該輸入電壓的能量經由該變壓器傳送至該電容、該第一電感、該輸出電容，及該負載，同時，儲存在該第二電感的能量也傳送至該輸出電容及該負載，當該第一開關、該第二開關為不導通狀態時，該第一電感、該第二電感，及該輸出電容儲存的能量同時釋放至該負載，當該第一開關為不導通狀態，該第二開關為導通狀態時，儲存在該電容的能量傳送至該第二電感、該輸出電容，及該負載，同時，儲存在該第一電感的能量也傳送至該輸出電容，及該負載。 Further, when the first switch is in a conductive state and the second switch is in a non-conductive state, the energy of the input voltage is transmitted to the capacitor, the first inductor, the output capacitor, and the load through the transformer, and at the same time, is stored. The energy in the second inductor is also transferred to the output capacitor and the load. When the first switch and the second switch are in a non-conducting state, the first inductor, the second inductor, and the output The energy stored in the capacitor is released to the load at the same time. When the first switch is in the non-conducting state and the second switch is in the conducting state, the energy stored in the capacitor is transferred to the second inductor, the output capacitor, and the load. At the same time, the energy stored in the first inductor is also transferred to the output capacitor and the load.

進一步，該輸出電壓與該輸入電壓的電壓增益比為nD/2，其中，D為該第一開關及該第二開關切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間的一責任週期，且D介於0至1之間，n=N₂/N₁，n表示該變壓器的匝數比，N₂表示該二次側繞組的匝數，N₁表示該一次側繞組的匝數。 Further, a voltage gain ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage is nD / 2, where D is a duty cycle between the first switch and the second switch switched between a conducting state and a non-conducting state, and D is between Between 0 and 1, n = N ₂ / N ₁ , n represents the turns ratio of the transformer, N ₂ represents the number of turns of the secondary winding, and N ₁ represents the number of turns of the primary winding.

進一步，該第一電感的電感量與該第二電感的電感量相同。 Further, the inductance of the first inductor is the same as the inductance of the second inductor.

進一步，該第一開關及該第二開關分別為二N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體。 Further, the first switch and the second switch are two N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, respectively.

根據上述技術特徵可達成以下功效： According to the above technical features, the following effects can be achieved:

1.藉由該第一開關、該第二開關受控制為錯相操作，配合該變壓器、該第一電感、該第二電感及該電容的作用，使本發明能夠減少使用的元件，讓成本降低，且不但能提供更高的降壓比，並輸出電流也達到低漣波的功效。 1. The first switch and the second switch are controlled for out-of-phase operation, and cooperate with the functions of the transformer, the first inductor, the second inductor, and the capacitor, so that the present invention can reduce the number of components used and reduce costs. Reduce, not only can provide a higher step-down ratio, and the output current also achieves the effect of low ripple.

2.本發明的電壓增益比為nD/2，其中，D為該第一開關及該第二開關的責任週期，n為該變壓器的匝數比。 2. The voltage gain ratio of the present invention is nD / 2, where D is the duty cycle of the first switch and the second switch, and n is the turns ratio of the transformer.

(1)‧‧‧控制單元 (1) ‧‧‧Control unit

(V_in)‧‧‧輸入電壓 (V _in ) ‧‧‧Input voltage

(V_o)‧‧‧輸出電壓 (V _o ) ‧‧‧Output voltage

(R)‧‧‧負載 (R) ‧‧‧Load

(T_r)‧‧‧變壓器 (T _r ) ‧‧‧Transformer

(11)‧‧‧一次側繞組 (11) ‧‧‧Primary winding

(21)‧‧‧二次側繞組 (21) ‧‧‧Secondary winding

(31)‧‧‧三次側繞組 (31) ‧‧‧Third side winding

(S₁)‧‧‧第一開關 (S ₁ ) ‧‧‧First switch

(S₂)‧‧‧第二開關 (S ₂ ) ‧‧‧Second switch

(D₁)‧‧‧第一二極體 (D ₁ ) ‧‧‧First Diode

(D₂)‧‧‧第二二極體 (D ₂ ) ‧‧‧Second Diode

(D₃)‧‧‧第三二極體 (D ₃ ) ‧‧‧Third Diode

(D₄)‧‧‧第四二極體 (D ₄ ) ‧‧‧ Fourth Diode

(C)‧‧‧電容 (C) ‧‧‧Capacitance

(L₁)‧‧‧第一電感 (L ₁ ) ‧‧‧First inductor

(L₂)‧‧‧第二電感 (L ₂ ) ‧‧‧Second inductance

(C_o)‧‧‧輸出電容 (C _o ) ‧‧‧Output capacitor

(V_C)‧‧‧電容的跨壓 (V _C ) ‧‧‧Capacitance across voltage

(V_o)‧‧‧輸出電容的跨壓 (V _o ) ‧‧‧Span voltage of output capacitor

(v_GS1)‧‧‧第一開關的閘-源極信號 (v _GS1 ) ‧‧‧The gate-source signal of the first switch

(v_GS2)‧‧‧第二開關的閘-源極信號 (v _GS2 ) ‧‧‧The gate-source signal of the second switch

(i_L1)‧‧‧流過第一電感的電流 (i _L1 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the first inductor

(i_L2)‧‧‧流過第二電感的電流 (i _L2 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the second inductor

(i_LL)‧‧‧輸出電流 (i _LL ) ‧‧‧Output current

(i_S1)‧‧‧流過第一開關的電流 (i _S1 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the first switch

(i_S2)‧‧‧流過第二開關的電流 (i _S2 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the second switch

(i_D1)‧‧‧流過第一二極體的電流 (i _D1 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the first diode

(i_D2)‧‧‧流過第二二極體的電流 (i _D2 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the second diode

(i_D3)‧‧‧流過第三二極體的電流 (i _D3 ) ‧‧‧Current flowing through the third diode

(T_S)‧‧‧第一脈波調變信號及第二脈波調變信號的週期時間 (T _S ) ‧‧‧The cycle time of the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal

(D)‧‧‧第一開關及第二開關的責任週期 (D) ‧‧‧ Duty cycle of the first switch and the second switch

(n)‧‧‧變壓器的匝數比 (n) ‧‧‧Transformer turns ratio

[第一圖]是一電路圖，說明傳統的錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器。 [First Figure] is a circuit diagram illustrating a conventional out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter.

[第二圖]是一電路圖，說明本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器之一實施例。 [Second figure] is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to the present invention.

[第三圖]是一操作時序圖，說明該實施例的參數時序。 [Third figure] is an operation timing chart explaining the parameter timing of this embodiment.

[第四圖]是一電路圖，說明該實施例操作於一第一階段。 [Fourth Figure] is a circuit diagram illustrating that this embodiment operates in a first stage.

[第五圖]是一電路圖，說明該實施例操作於一第二階段及一第四階段。 [Fifth Figure] is a circuit diagram illustrating that the embodiment operates in a second stage and a fourth stage.

[第六圖]是一電路圖，說明該實施例操作於一第三階段。 [Sixth Figure] is a circuit diagram illustrating that this embodiment operates in a third stage.

[第七圖]是一曲線圖，說明本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器的電壓增益。 [Seventh Figure] is a graph illustrating the voltage gain of the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to the present invention.

[第八圖]是一模擬波形圖，說明該實施例的一第一開關的閘-源極信號、一第二開關的閘-源極信號的模擬波形。 [Eighth Figure] An analog waveform diagram illustrating the gate-source signal of a first switch and the gate-source signal of a second switch in this embodiment.

[第九圖]是一模擬波形圖，說明該實施例的一輸出電流、流過一第一電感的電流、流過一第二電感的電流的模擬波形。 [Ninth figure] is an analog waveform diagram illustrating an analog waveform of an output current, a current flowing through a first inductor, and a current flowing through a second inductor in this embodiment.

[第十圖]是一模擬波形圖，說明該實施例的一輸入電壓、一電容的跨壓，及一輸出電壓的模擬波形。 [Tenth figure] is an analog waveform diagram illustrating an analog waveform of an input voltage, a voltage across a capacitor, and an output voltage of this embodiment.

[第十一圖]是一模擬波形圖，說明該實施例流過一第一開關，及一第一二極體的電流的模擬波形。 [Eleventh figure] is an analog waveform diagram illustrating the analog waveform of the current flowing through a first switch and a first diode in this embodiment.

[第十二圖]是一模擬波形圖，說明該實施例流過一第二二極體，及一第三二極體的電流的模擬波形。 [Twelfth figure] is an analog waveform diagram illustrating an analog waveform of current flowing through a second diode and a third diode in this embodiment.

綜合上述技術特徵，本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器的主要功效將可於下述實施例清楚呈現。 Based on the above technical features, the main effects of the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter of the present invention will be clearly shown in the following embodiments.

參閱第二圖，本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器的一實施例適用於接收一輸入電壓V_in，並將該輸入電壓V_in轉換成一輸出電壓V_o給一負載R，該輸入電壓V_in為一直流電壓，該輸出電壓V_o亦為一直流電壓，該錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器包含一變壓器T_r、一第一開關S₁、一第二開關S₂、一第一二極體D₁、一第二二極體D₂、一第三二極體D₃、一第四二極體D₄、一電容C、一第一電感L₁、一第二電感L₂、一輸出電容C_o，及一控制單元1。 Referring to the second figure, an embodiment of the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to the present invention is suitable for receiving an input voltage V _in and converting the input voltage V _in into an output voltage V _o to a load R. The input The voltage V _in is a DC voltage, and the output voltage V _o is also a DC voltage. The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter includes a transformer T _r , a first switch S ₁ , and a second switch S ₂ . A first diode D ₁ , a second diode D ₂ , a third diode D ₃ , a fourth diode D ₄ , a capacitor C, a first inductor L ₁ , a second The inductor L ₂ , an output capacitor _Co and a control unit 1.

該變壓器T_r包括一一次側繞組11、一二次側繞組21，及一三次側繞組31，該一次側繞組11、該二次側繞組21，及該三次側繞組31的每一者具有一第一端及一第二端，該一次側繞組11、該二次側繞組21，及該三次側繞組31的第一端皆為一極性點端，該一次側繞組11、該二次側繞組21，及該三次側繞組31的第二端皆為一非極性點端。該一次側繞組11的第一端電連接該輸入電壓V_in的正極，該三次側繞組31的第一端電連接該輸入電壓V_in的負極。 The transformer T _r includes a primary winding 11, a secondary winding 21, and a tertiary winding 31, each of the primary winding 11, the secondary winding 21, and the tertiary winding 31. It has a first end and a second end. The primary winding 11, the secondary winding 21, and the first end of the tertiary winding 31 are all polar point ends. The primary winding 11, the secondary Both the side winding 21 and the second end of the tertiary side winding 31 are non-polar point ends. A first terminal of the primary winding 11 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the input voltage V _in , and a first terminal of the tertiary winding 31 is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the input voltage V _in .

該第一開關S₁為一N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，且具有電連接該變壓器T_r的一次側繞組11的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該輸入電壓V_in的負極的一第二端，並受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間，其中，該第一開關S₁的第一端為一汲極、該第二端為一源極。該第二開關S₂亦為一N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，且具有一第一端及一第二端，並受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間，其中，該第二開關S₂的第一端為一汲極，該第二端為一源極。 The first switch S ₁ is an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, and has a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the primary winding 11 of the transformer T _r , and a terminal electrically connected to the input voltage V _in . A second terminal of the negative electrode is controlled to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state, wherein the first terminal of the first switch S ₁ is a drain and the second terminal is a source. The second switch S ₂ is also an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and has a first terminal and a second terminal, and is controlled to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. The first end of the second switch S ₂ is a drain, and the second end is a source.

該第一二極體D₁具有電連接該變壓器T_r的二次側繞組21的第一端的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關S₂的第一端的一陰極。該第二二極體D₂具有電連接該變壓器T_r的二次側繞組21的第二端的一陽極，及一陰極。該第三二極體D₃具有電連接該第二二極體D₂的陽極的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關S₂的第二端的一陰極。該第四二極體D₄具有電連接該變壓器T_r的三次側繞組31的第二端的一陽極，及電連接該輸入電壓V_in的正極的一陰極。 The first diode D ₁ has an anode electrically connected to the first end of the secondary winding 21 of the transformer T _r and a cathode electrically connected to the first end of the second switch S ₂ . The second diode D ₂ has an anode and a cathode that are electrically connected to the second end of the secondary winding 21 of the transformer T _r . The third diode D ₃ has an anode electrically connected to the anode of the second diode D ₂ and a cathode electrically connected to the second end of the second switch S ₂ . The fourth diode D ₄ has an anode electrically connected to the second end of the tertiary winding 31 of the transformer T _r , and a cathode electrically connected to the positive electrode of the input voltage V _in .

該電容C具有電連接該第一二極體D₁的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第二二極體D₂的陰極的一第二端。又該電容C的電容量足夠大，則該電容C的跨壓V_C可視為定值。 The capacitor C has a first terminal electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D ₁ and a second terminal electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode D ₂ . In addition, the capacitance of the capacitor C is sufficiently large, and the trans-voltage V _{C of} the capacitor _C can be regarded as a fixed value.

該第一電感L₁具有電連接該電容C的第二端的一第一端，及一第二端。該第二電感L₂具有電連接該第三二極體D₃的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第一電感L₁的第二端的一第二端。該第一電感L₁的電感量與該第二電感L₂的電感量相同。 The first inductor L ₁ has a first terminal electrically connected to a second terminal of the capacitor C, and a second terminal. The second inductor L ₂ has a first terminal electrically connected to the cathode of the third diode D ₃ and a second terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L ₁ . The inductance of the first inductor L ₁ is the same as the inductance of the second inductor L ₂ .

該輸出電容C_o具有電連接該第一電感L₁的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該第三二極體D₃的陽極的一第二端。該輸出電容C_o的跨壓為該輸出電壓V_o，又該輸出電容C_o的電容量足夠大，則該輸出電容C_o的跨壓可視為定值，該負載R電連接該輸出電容C_o的第一端及第二端，以接收該輸出電壓V_o。 The output capacitor _Co has a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L ₁ , and a second terminal electrically connected to the anode of the third diode D ₃ . The voltage across the output capacitor C _o is the output voltage V _o , and the capacitance of the output capacitor C _o is sufficiently large, the voltage across the output capacitor C _o can be regarded as a fixed value, and the load R is electrically connected to the output capacitor C _o first and second ends to receive the output voltage V _o.

該控制單元1輸出一第一脈波調變信號及一第二脈波調變信號，且該第一脈波調變信號及該第二脈波調變信號彼此錯相。該第一開關S₁接收該第一脈波調變信號且受該第一脈波調變信號控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間。該第二開關S₂接收該第二脈波調變信號且受該第二脈波調變信號控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間。該控制單元1以錯相方式控制該第一開關S₁及該第二開關S₂，以下將以四階段進一步說明該第一開關S₁及該第二開關S₂的切換模式。 The control unit 1 outputs a first pulse wave modulation signal and a second pulse wave modulation signal, and the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal are out of phase with each other. The first switch S ₁ receives the first pulse wave modulation signal and is controlled by the first pulse wave modulation signal to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. The second switch S ₂ receives the second pulse wave modulation signal and is controlled by the second pulse wave modulation signal to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. The phase error control unit 1 controls the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _2, it will be further described hereinafter the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ is four-phase switching mode.

參閱第三圖，為本實施例的操作時序圖，其中，參數v_GS1代表控制該第一開關S₁是否導通的該第一脈波調變信號的電壓，也是該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號，參數v_GS2代表控制該第二開關S₂是否導通的該第二脈波調變信號的電壓，也是該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號，參數i_L1、i_L2分別代表流過該第一電感L₁、該第二電感L₂的電流，參數i_LL代表輸出電流，參數i_S1、i_S2分別代表流過該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂的電流，參數i_D1、i_D2、i_D3分別代表流過該第一二極體D₁、該第二二極體D₂，及該第三二極體D₃的電流，參數T_S代表該第一脈波調變信號及該第二脈波調變信號的週期時間，參數D為該第一開關S₁及該第二開關S₂切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間的一責任週期，且D介於0至1之間。 Referring to the third figure, this is an operation timing diagram of this embodiment, wherein the parameter v _GS1 represents the voltage of the first pulse wave modulation signal controlling whether the first switch S ₁ is turned on, and is also the gate of the first switch S ₁ _-Source signal, parameter v _GS2 represents the voltage of the second pulse wave modulation signal that controls whether the second switch S ₂ is turned on, and is also the gate-source signal of the second switch S ₂ , parameters i _L1 , i _L2 Respectively the currents flowing through the first inductor L ₁ and the second inductor L ₂ , the parameter i _LL represents the output current, and the parameters i _S1 and i _S2 represent the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 respectively.} The parameters i _D1 , i _D2 , and i _D3 respectively represent the currents flowing through the first diode D ₁ , the second diode D ₂ , and the third diode D ₃ , and the parameter T _S represents The cycle time of the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal, and the parameter D is a responsibility between the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ switched between a conducting state and a non-conducting state. Period, and D is between 0 and 1.

參閱第四圖至第六圖，為本實施例操作於四階段的電路圖，其中，導通或有作用的元件以實線表示，不導通或無作用的元件以虛線表示，而該變壓器T_r的三次側繞組31及該第四二極體D₄的作用為解決磁通重置的問題，並非本發明的重點，且為所屬領域者所慣見，故為求簡明，在第四圖至第六圖的電路圖中省略，於此不再贅述。 Refer to the fourth to sixth figures, which are circuit diagrams of this embodiment operating in four stages, in which components that are conducting or functioning are represented by solid lines, components that are not conducting or functioning are represented by dashed lines, and the transformer T _r The role of the tertiary winding 31 and the fourth diode D ₄ is to solve the problem of magnetic flux reset, which is not the focus of the present invention, and is common to those skilled in the art. Therefore, for simplicity, The circuit diagram of the six diagrams is omitted and will not be repeated here.

第一階段(時間：t₀-t₁)： The first stage (time: t ₀ -t ₁ ):

參閱第三圖及第四圖，其中，該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號v_GS1大於零且該第一開關S₁為導通狀態，該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號v_GS2等於零且該第二開關S₂為不導通狀態，該第二二極體D₂為不導通。 See FIG third and fourth diagram, wherein the first switch S ₁ of the gate - source signal v _GS1 greater than zero and the first switch S ₁ is turned on state, the second switch S ₂ of the gate - source signal v _{GS2 is} equal to zero and the second switch S ₂ is non-conducting, and the second diode D ₂ is non-conducting.

第一階段的電流路徑如第四圖的箭頭所示。該輸入電壓V_in的能量經由該變壓器T_r的一次側繞組11至該二次側繞組21，使該第一二極體D₁導通，從該變壓器T_r的二次側繞組21傳來的能量經由該第一二極體D₁再傳送至該電容C、該第一電感L₁、該輸出電容C_o，及該負載R，同時，儲存在該第二電感L₂的能量使該第三二極體D₃導通，且該第二電感L₂的能量也傳送至該輸出電容C_o及該負載R，因此，流過該第一電感L₁的電流呈線性增加，流過該第二電感L₂的電流呈線性減少，當時間為t₁，該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂受控制切換為不導通狀態時，第一階段結束。 The current path in the first stage is shown by the arrow in the fourth figure. The input voltage V _in via the energy in the winding 11 to the secondary side of the transformer T _r of the primary winding 21 so that the first diode D ₁ is turned on, coming from the secondary winding 21 side of the transformer T _r is The energy is transmitted to the capacitor C, the first inductor L ₁ , the output capacitor C _o , and the load R through the first diode D ₁ , and at the same time, the energy stored in the second inductor L ₂ causes the first The triode D _{3 is} turned on, and the energy of the second inductor L ₂ is also transferred to the output capacitor _Co and the load R. Therefore, the current flowing through the first inductor L ₁ increases linearly and flows through the first inductor L ₁ . The current of the two inductors L ₂ decreases linearly. When the time is t ₁ , the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are controlled to switch to a non-conducting state, and the first phase ends.

第二階段(時間：t₁-t₂)： The second stage (time: t ₁ -t ₂ ):

參閱第三圖及第五圖，其中，該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號v_GS1、該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號v_GS2等於零，該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂皆為不導通狀態，且流經該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂的電流i_S1、i_S2為零，該變壓器T_r及該電容C無作用，該第一二極體D₁為不導通。 See FIG third and fifth FIG, wherein the first switch S ₁ of the gate - source signal v _GS1, the second switch S ₂ of the gate - source signal v _GS2 is equal to zero, the first switch S _1, the The second switch S _{2 is in} a non-conducting state, and the currents i _S1 and i _S2 flowing through the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are zero. The transformer T _r and the capacitor C have no effect. One diode D ₁ is non-conducting.

第二階段的電流路徑如第五圖的箭頭所示。該第一電感L₁、該第二電感L₂，及該輸出電容C_o儲存的能量同時釋放至該負載R，因此，流過該第一電感L₁及該第二電感L₂的電流呈線性減少，當時間為t₂，該第二開關S₂受控制切換為導通狀態時，第二階段結束。 The current path in the second stage is shown by the arrow in the fifth figure. The first inductor L ₁ , the second inductor L ₂ , and the energy stored in the output capacitor _Co are simultaneously released to the load R. Therefore, the current flowing through the first inductor L ₁ and the second inductor L ₂ is The linear decrease is achieved. When the time is t ₂ and the second switch S ₂ is controlled to be switched to the conducting state, the second phase ends.

第三階段(時間：t₂-t₃)： The third stage (time: t ₂ -t ₃ ):

參閱第三圖及第六圖，其中，該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號v_GS1等於零且為不導通狀態，該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號v_GS2大於零且為導通狀態，流經該第一開關S₁的電流i_S1為零，該變壓器T_r無作用，該第一二極體D₁、該第三二極體D₃為不導通。 Referring to the third and sixth figures, the gate-source signal v _{GS1 of} the first switch S ₁ is equal to zero and is in a non-conducting state, and the gate-source signal v _{GS2 of} the second switch S ₂ is greater than zero and is In the conducting state, the current i _S1 flowing through the first switch S ₁ is zero, the transformer T _{r has} no effect, and the first diode D ₁ and the third diode D ₃ are not conducting.

第三階段的電流路徑如第六圖的箭頭所示。儲存在該電容C的能量傳送至該第二電感L₂、該輸出電容C_o，及該負載R，同時，儲存在該第一電感L₁的能量也傳送至該輸出電容C_o，及該負載R，因此，流過該第一電感L₁的電流i_L1呈線性減少，流過該第二電感L₂的電流i_L2呈線性增加，當時間為t₃，該第二開關S₂受控制切換為不導通狀態時，第三階段結束。 The current path in the third stage is shown by the arrow in the sixth figure. The energy stored in the capacitor C is transmitted to the second inductor L ₂ , the output capacitor C _o , and the load R, and at the same time, the energy stored in the first inductor L ₁ is also transmitted to the output capacitor C _o and the The load R, therefore, the current i _L1 flowing through the first inductor L ₁ decreases linearly, and the current i _L2 flowing through the second inductor L ₂ increases linearly. When the time is t ₃ , the second switch S ₂ receives When the control is switched to the non-conducting state, the third phase ends.

第四階段(時間：t₃-t₄)： The fourth stage (time: t ₃ -t ₄ ):

回到參閱第三圖及第五圖，第四階段與第二階段的狀態相同，其中，該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號v_GS1、該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號v_GS2等於零，該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂皆為不導通狀態，且流經該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂的電流i_S1、i_S2為零，該變壓器T_r及該電容C無作用，該第一二極體D₁為不導通。 Referring back to the third and fifth figures, the fourth stage is the same as the second stage, in which the gate-source signal v _{GS1 of} the first switch S _{1 and} the gate-source of the second switch S ₂ The signal v _{GS2 is} equal to zero, the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are both non-conductive, and the currents i _S1 and i _S2 flowing through the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are zero. The transformer T _r and the capacitor C have no effect, and the first diode D ₁ is not conductive.

第四階段的電流路徑如第五圖的箭頭所示，其分析過程在此不再贅述。當時間為t₄，該第一開關S₁受控制切換為導通狀態時，第四階段結束，且重新回到第一階段，開始新的週期。 The current path in the fourth stage is shown by the arrow in the fifth figure, and the analysis process will not be repeated here. When the time is t ₄ and the first switch S ₁ is controlled to be switched to the on state, the fourth phase ends, and returns to the first phase again to start a new cycle.

在第一階段、第二階段、第三階段，及第四階段中，根據伏秒平衡原理於該第一電感L₁及該第二電感L₂，可得到該輸出電壓V_o與該輸入電壓V_in的電壓增益比為nD/2，其中，n=N₂/N₁，n表示該變壓器T_r的匝數比，N₂表示該二次側繞組21的匝數，N₁表示該一次側繞組11的匝數。 In the first stage, the second stage, the third stage, and the fourth stage, the output voltage V _o and the input voltage can be obtained from the first inductor L ₁ and the second inductor L ₂ according to the volt-second balance principle. V _in voltage gain ratio nD / 2, _{_{where, n = N 2 / N 1}} , n denotes the turns ratio of the transformer T _r, N ₂ represents the number of turns of the secondary winding 21, N ₁ represents the primary The number of turns of the side winding 11.

參閱第七圖，本發明錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器的電壓增益，分別在該變壓器T_r的匝數比在1、0.5、0.25的狀況下，從此圖可看出本發明可提供高降壓比。 Referring to the seventh figure, the voltage gain of the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to the present invention is under the conditions that the transformer T _{r has} a turns ratio of 1, 0.5, and 0.25. From this figure, it can be seen that the present invention can provide High buck ratio.

本發明操作在該輸入電壓V_in為200伏特、該責任週期D約為0.24、該變壓器T_r的匝數比為1/3.5，得到該輸出電壓V_o為12伏特、滿載輸出功率為100W之模擬波形圖，如第八圖至第十二圖所示。 In the operation of the present invention, the input voltage V _in is 200 volts, the duty cycle D of about 0.24, the turns ratio of the transformer T _r was 1 / 3.5, to give the output voltage V _o is a 12 volt, full output power of 100W The analog waveforms are shown in Figures 8 through 12.

參閱第八圖，為該第一開關S₁的閘-源極信號v_GS1、該第二開關S₂的閘-源極信號v_GS2的模擬波形。橫軸為時間，刻度為40μs/div，縱軸為電壓，刻度為15V/div，從此圖可看出該責任週期D約為0.24。 See FIG Eighth, for a first switch S ₁ of the gate - source signal v _GS1, the second switch S ₂ of the gate - source signal v _GS2 analog waveform. The horizontal axis is time, the scale is 40 μs / div, the vertical axis is voltage, and the scale is 15 V / div. From this figure, it can be seen that the duty cycle D is about 0.24.

參閱第九圖，為輸出電流i_LL、流過該第一電感L₁的電流i_L1、流過該第二電感L₂的電流i_L2的模擬波形。橫軸為時間，刻度為40μs/div，縱軸為電流，刻度為2A/div。從此圖可看出該第一電感L₁及該第二電感L₂皆操作於連續導通模式，且輸出電流i_LL具有低輸出的電流漣波。 See FIG. Ninth, the output current i _LL, L flowing through the first inductor current i _L1 _1, the current flowing through the analog waveform of the second inductor L ₂ of the i _L2. The horizontal axis is time, the scale is 40 μs / div, the vertical axis is current, and the scale is 2A / div. It can be seen from this figure that the first inductor L ₁ and the second inductor L _{2 both} operate in a continuous conduction mode, and the output current i _LL has a low output current ripple.

參閱第十圖，為該輸入電壓V_in、該電容C的跨壓V_C，及該輸出電壓V_o的模擬波形。橫軸為時間，刻度為50ms/div，縱軸為電壓，刻度為50V/div。由此圖可驗證本發明可將一高直流電壓轉換成一低直流電壓，達到高降壓比之功效。 Refer to the tenth figure, which is an analog waveform of the input voltage V _in , the cross-voltage V _{C of} the capacitor _C , and the output voltage V _o . The horizontal axis is time, with a scale of 50ms / div, and the vertical axis is voltage, with a scale of 50V / div. From this figure, it can be verified that the present invention can convert a high DC voltage into a low DC voltage to achieve the effect of high step-down ratio.

參閱第十一圖，為流過該第一開關S₁，及該第一二極體D₁的電流i_S1、i_D1的模擬波形。橫軸為時間，刻度為40μs/div，縱軸為電流，刻度為2A/div。 Referring to FIG. 11, it is an analog waveform of the currents i _S1 and i _D1 flowing through the first switch S ₁ and the first diode D ₁ . The horizontal axis is time, the scale is 40 μs / div, the vertical axis is current, and the scale is 2A / div.

參閱第十二圖，為流過該第二二極體D₂，及該第三二極體D₃的電流i_D2、i_D3的模擬波形。橫軸為時間，刻度為40μs/div，縱軸為電流，刻度為2A/div，從以上模擬波形的顯示，驗證本發明的錯相操作流程與前述的分析相符。 Referring to the twelfth figure, it is an analog waveform of the currents i _D2 and i _D3 flowing through the second diode D ₂ and the third diode D ₃ . The horizontal axis is time, the scale is 40 μs / div, and the vertical axis is current, and the scale is 2A / div. From the display of the above analog waveforms, it is verified that the out-of-phase operation process of the present invention is consistent with the foregoing analysis.

綜上所述，上述實施例具有以下優點： In summary, the above embodiment has the following advantages:

1.藉由該第一開關S₁、該第二開關S₂受控制為錯相操作，配合該變壓器T_r、該第一電感L₁、該第二電感L₂及該電容C的作用，使本發明能夠減少使用的元件，讓成本降低，且不但能提供更高的降壓比，並輸出電流i_LL也達到低漣波的功效。 1. By controlling the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ to operate out of phase, in cooperation with the functions of the transformer T _r , the first inductor L ₁ , the second inductor L ₂ and the capacitor C, The invention can reduce the number of components used, reduce the cost, and not only can provide a higher step-down ratio, but also achieve the effect of low ripple in the output current i _LL .

2.本發明的電壓增益比為nD/2，其中，D為該第一開關S₁及該第二開關S₂的責任週期，n為該變壓器T_r的匝數比。 2. The voltage gain ratio of the present invention is nD / 2, where D is the duty cycle of the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ , and n is the turns ratio of the transformer T _r .

綜合上述實施例之說明，當可充分瞭解本發明之操作、使用及本發明產生之功效，惟以上所述實施例僅係為本發明之較佳實施例，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆屬本發明涵蓋之範圍內。 Based on the description of the above embodiments, the operation, use, and effects of the present invention can be fully understood, but the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It is within the scope of the present invention to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the description of the invention.

Claims

一種錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，接收一輸入電壓，並將該輸入電壓轉換成一輸出電壓給一負載，且該錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器包含：一變壓器，電連接該輸入電壓；一第一開關，電連接在該變壓器及該輸入電壓之間，且受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間；一第二開關，受控制以切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間；一第一二極體，電連接在該變壓器及該第二開關之間；一第二二極體，電連接該變壓器；一第三二極體，電連接在該第二開關及該變壓器之間；一電容，電連接在該第一二極體及該第二二極體之間；一第一電感，電連接該電容；一第二電感，電連接在該第一電感及該第三二極體之間；一輸出電容，電連接在該第一電感及該第三二極體之間，該輸出電容的跨壓為該輸出電壓，該負載並聯該輸出電容以接收該輸出電壓；及一控制單元，輸出一第一脈波調變信號及一第二脈波調變信號，且該第一脈波調變信號及該第二脈波調變信號彼此錯相，該第一開關接收該第一脈波調變信號且受該第一脈波調變信號控制，該第二開關接收該第二脈波調變信號且受該第二脈波調變信號控制。A out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter receives an input voltage and converts the input voltage into an output voltage to a load, and the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter includes: a transformer, electrically connected to the Input voltage; a first switch electrically connected between the transformer and the input voltage and controlled to switch between a conductive state and a non-conductive state; a second switch controlled to switch between a conductive state and a non-conductive state Between states; a first diode is electrically connected between the transformer and the second switch; a second diode is electrically connected to the transformer; a third diode is electrically connected to the second switch And the transformer; a capacitor electrically connected between the first diode and the second diode; a first inductor electrically connected to the capacitor; a second inductor electrically connected to the first inductor And the third diode; an output capacitor is electrically connected between the first inductor and the third diode, the voltage across the output capacitor is the output voltage, and the load is connected in parallel with the output capacitor to receive The output voltage; and a control And outputs a first pulse wave modulation signal and a second pulse wave modulation signal, and the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal are out of phase with each other, and the first switch receives the first pulse wave modulation signal and the second pulse wave modulation signal. A pulse wave modulation signal is controlled by the first pulse wave modulation signal, and the second switch receives the second pulse wave modulation signal and is controlled by the second pulse wave modulation signal.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，該變壓器包括一一次側繞組及一二次側繞組，該一次側繞組及該二次側繞組的每一者具有一第一端及一第二端，該變壓器的一次側繞組的第一端電連接該輸入電壓的正極，該第一開關具有電連接該變壓器的一次側繞組的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該輸入電壓的負極的一第二端，該第二開關具有一第一端及一第二端，該第一二極體具有電連接該變壓器的二次側繞組的第一端的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關的第一端的一陰極，該第二二極體具有電連接該變壓器的二次側繞組的第二端的一陽極，及一陰極，該第三二極體具有電連接該第二二極體的陽極的一陽極，及電連接該第二開關的第二端的一陰極，該電容具有電連接該第一二極體的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第二二極體的陰極的一第二端，該第一電感具有電連接該電容的第二端的一第一端，及一第二端，該第二電感具有電連接該第三二極體的陰極的一第一端，及電連接該第一電感的第二端的一第二端，該輸出電容具有電連接該第一電感的第二端的一第一端，及電連接該第三二極體的陽極的一第二端。The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, and each of the primary winding and the secondary winding One has a first end and a second end, the first end of the primary winding of the transformer is electrically connected to the positive pole of the input voltage, and the first switch has a first connection electrically connected to the second end of the primary winding of the transformer. One end, and a second end electrically connected to the negative electrode of the input voltage, the second switch has a first end and a second end, the first diode has a first end electrically connected to the secondary winding of the transformer An anode at one end and a cathode electrically connected to the first end of the second switch, the second diode has an anode and a cathode electrically connected to the second end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and the first The triode has an anode electrically connected to the anode of the second diode, and a cathode electrically connected to the second end of the second switch. The capacitor has a first electrode electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode. Terminal and one of the cathodes electrically connected to the second diode Two terminals, the first inductor has a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and a second terminal, the second inductor has a first terminal electrically connected to the cathode of the third diode, and A second terminal connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, the output capacitor has a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor, and a second terminal electrically connected to the anode of the third diode.

如申請專利範圍第2項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，還包含一第四二極體，該變壓器還包括一三次側繞組，該三次側繞組具有一第一端及一第二端，該第四二極體具有電連接該變壓器的三次側繞組的第二端的一陽極，及電連接該輸入電壓的正極的一陰極，該變壓器的三次側繞組的第一端電連接該輸入電壓的負極。The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 2 of the patent application scope further includes a fourth diode, and the transformer further includes a tertiary winding having a first end and A second end, the fourth diode has an anode electrically connected to the second end of the tertiary winding of the transformer, and a cathode electrically connected to the positive end of the input voltage, and the first end of the tertiary winding of the transformer is electrically connected. Connect the negative terminal of this input voltage.

如申請專利範圍第3項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，該變壓器的一次側繞組、二次側繞組及三次側繞組的第一端皆為一極性點端，該變壓器的一次側繞組、二次側繞組及三次側繞組的第二端皆為一非極性點端。According to the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first end of the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the tertiary winding of the transformer are all polar point ends, the The second ends of the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the tertiary winding of the transformer are all non-polar point ends.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，當該第一開關為導通狀態，該第二開關為不導通狀態時，該輸入電壓的能量經由該變壓器傳送至該電容、該第一電感、該輸出電容，及該負載，同時，儲存在該第二電感的能量也傳送至該輸出電容及該負載，當該第一開關、該第二開關為不導通狀態時，該第一電感、該第二電感，及該輸出電容儲存的能量同時釋放至該負載，當該第一開關為不導通狀態，該第二開關為導通狀態時，儲存在該電容的能量傳送至該第二電感、該輸出電容，及該負載，同時，儲存在該第一電感的能量也傳送至該輸出電容，及該負載。The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the first switch is in a conducting state and the second switch is in a non-conducting state, the energy of the input voltage passes through the transformer Transmitted to the capacitor, the first inductor, the output capacitor, and the load, and at the same time, the energy stored in the second inductor is also transmitted to the output capacitor and the load. When the first switch and the second switch are not In the conducting state, the energy stored in the first inductor, the second inductor, and the output capacitor is simultaneously released to the load. When the first switch is in the non-conducting state and the second switch is in the conducting state, it is stored in the capacitor. The energy is transferred to the second inductor, the output capacitor, and the load, and at the same time, the energy stored in the first inductor is also transferred to the output capacitor and the load.

如申請專利範圍第2項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，該輸出電壓與該輸入電壓的電壓增益比為nD/2，其中，D為該第一開關及該第二開關切換於導通狀態和不導通狀態之間的一責任週期，且D介於0至1之間，n=N₂/N₁，n表示該變壓器的匝數比，N₂表示該二次側繞組的匝數，N₁表示該一次側繞組的匝數。According to the out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein a voltage gain ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage is nD / 2, where D is the first switch and the first switch The two switches are switched between a duty cycle between the conducting state and the non-conducting state, and D is between 0 and 1, n = N ₂ / N ₁ , n represents the turns ratio of the transformer, and N ₂ represents the secondary The number of turns of the side winding, N ₁ represents the number of turns of the primary side winding.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，該第一電感的電感量與該第二電感的電感量相同。The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the inductance of the first inductor is the same as the inductance of the second inductor.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述之錯相直流-直流順向式轉換器，其中，該第一開關及該第二開關分別為二N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體。The out-of-phase DC-DC forward converter according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the first switch and the second switch are two N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, respectively.