TWI676967B - Earthquake instant warning method - Google Patents
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
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Abstract
一種地震即時警示方法,係針對地震事件在未發生前、發生當下及發生後分別規劃有震前、震中、震後之相應處理流程,其中,在震前階段中係利用一移動視窗式轉換函數建立出一結構物震動特性資料庫;當震中階段時,係執行一即時警報程序,以通知用戶就地緊急避難並自動控制相關設備以減少損傷;在震後階段可對建物進行損傷狀況評估,提供用戶返回建物是否安全之參考。A real-time earthquake alert method is designed for the corresponding processing flow of an earthquake before, during, and after the earthquake. Before the earthquake, a mobile window-type transfer function is used during the earthquake. Establish a database of structural vibration characteristics; when the epicenter is at the epicenter, an immediate alarm procedure is performed to notify users of emergency evacuation on the spot and automatically control related equipment to reduce damage; damage conditions can be assessed on the building during the post-earthquake phase Provide a reference for users to return whether the building is safe.
Description
一種地震即時警示方法,尤其是指一種利用地震感應器取得地震資訊後,立即判斷地震威脅程度以及對於各威脅程度作出及時應對措施的方法。 An instant warning method for earthquakes, especially a method for immediately judging the degree of earthquake threats and making timely response measures to each degree of threats after obtaining seismic information using seismic sensors.
現今的地震即時警示方式,係利用一訊息廣播平台統整中央或地方政府所發布的地震訊息,接著透過該訊息廣播平台將地震訊息發送至各項通訊設備,例如使用者的手機,以通知最新的地震消息。一般而言,使用者僅為被動式的接收地震訊息,並根據訊息內容決定對應的行為,例如迅速逃生、關閉瓦斯或是不須動作。惟使用者對於訊息的判斷與實際地震的影響可能有所落差,而導致失去即時逃生的黃金時間,或是在逃生過程中受到阻礙。另外,一般而言,在運轉中的生產設備只能靠人為手動關閉相關電源或是開啟保護設備,在此當中可能會造成更多的設備及人員傷亡。 The current earthquake real-time alert method uses an information broadcasting platform to integrate earthquake information issued by the central or local government, and then sends the earthquake information to various communication equipment, such as the user's mobile phone, through the information broadcasting platform to notify the latest Earthquake news. Generally speaking, users only receive seismic information passively, and determine the corresponding behavior based on the content of the message, such as quickly escaping, shutting down gas, or no action. However, the user's judgment of the message and the impact of the actual earthquake may be different, which may lead to the loss of the prime time for immediate escape, or may be hindered during the escape process. In addition, in general, production equipment in operation can only be manually turned off by related power or protective equipment, which may cause more equipment and personnel casualties.
為解決上述問題,本創作係提出一種地震即時警示方法,利用多個分佈設置在各地的地震感應器即時偵測地震的發生,搭配數據中心所提供的數據,由主機依據彙整及換算後的數據即時做出對應的做動,爭取在短時間之內為使用者及設備提供警示及啟動相對應之緊急措施。 In order to solve the above problems, this creative department proposes a method of real-time earthquake warning, which uses multiple seismic sensors distributed in various places to detect the occurrence of an earthquake in real time. The data provided by the data center is used by the host to collect and convert the data. Make corresponding actions immediately, and strive to provide users and equipment with warnings and start corresponding emergency measures in a short time.
為達成上述目的,本創作地震即時警示方法包含有震前、震中及震後階段,其中:A.在震前階段中,執行一移動視窗式轉換函數以針對一建築物出建立出一結構物震動特性資料;B.在震中階段中,執行一警報程序,其中該警報程序包含以下步驟:(a)以複數個地震感應器量測一地震事件,各地震感應器設置於該建築物中不同樓層,且於地震事件發生後一段預設時間內偵測出一最大加速度感測值、一勁度折減率及一P波最大位移感測值;(b)利用一主機接收由該地震感應器輸出的該最大加速度感測值、該勁度折減率及該P波最大位移感測值,其中在該主機內預設至少一警告規則及對應各警告規則的控制指令,該主機設置於該建築物中;(c)該主機根據該最大加速度感測值、該勁度折減率與該P波最大位移值,判斷出該主機其所在區域受此地震事件威脅的程度及其對應之警告規則,並根據判斷出之警告規則發出相對應的控制指令,以控制該建築物中的複數設備產生警示動作;C.在震後階段中,執行一比對程序,判斷該建築物是否因受該地震事件影響而有結構損毀的風險。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the method for creating real-time earthquake alerts includes the pre-seismic, epicentral, and post-earthquake phases, in which: A. In the pre-earthquake phase, a moving window-type conversion function is executed to create a structure for a building. Data of vibration characteristics; B. During the epicenter phase, an alarm procedure is performed, wherein the alarm procedure includes the following steps: (a) measuring a seismic event with a plurality of seismic sensors, each of which is installed in the building differently Floor, and a maximum acceleration sensing value, a stiffness reduction rate, and a P-wave maximum displacement sensing value are detected within a preset time after the occurrence of the earthquake event; (b) a host is used to receive the seismic induction The maximum acceleration sensing value, the stiffness reduction rate, and the P wave maximum displacement sensing value output by the controller, wherein at least one warning rule and control instructions corresponding to each warning rule are preset in the host, and the host is set at In the building; (c) the host judges the extent to which the host ’s area is threatened by the earthquake event, and the maximum acceleration sensing value, the stiffness reduction rate, and the P wave maximum displacement value; and Corresponding warning rules, and issuing corresponding control instructions according to the determined warning rules to control the plural devices in the building to generate warning actions; C. In the post-earthquake phase, execute a comparison procedure to judge the building Whether there is a risk of structural damage caused by the earthquake event.
利用該等主機、該等地震感應器及該數據中心的結合,能即時偵測到地震的發生,再利用該等地震感應器及該數據中心輸出的數據,讓該等主機進行彙整及換算,在地震從發生到該等主機所在地的短暫時間內判斷地震的威脅程度,進而對使用者及設備啟動對應的緊急保護措施,能即時地保護使用者的安全以及降低設備的毀壞程度。 Using the combination of these hosts, these seismic sensors, and the data center, the occurrence of an earthquake can be detected in real time, and then the data output by these seismic sensors and the data center can be used to aggregate and convert these hosts. In the short time from the occurrence of the earthquake to the location of these hosts, the degree of threat of the earthquake can be judged, and corresponding emergency protection measures can be activated for users and equipment, which can protect the safety of users and reduce the degree of damage to the equipment in real time.
10a~10d‧‧‧地震感應器 10a ~ 10d‧‧‧earthquake sensor
21‧‧‧第一主機 21‧‧‧The first host
22‧‧‧第二主機 22‧‧‧Second Host
31‧‧‧家電設備 31‧‧‧Household appliances
32‧‧‧產線設備 32‧‧‧ production line equipment
圖1:本創作地震即時警示方法示意圖。 Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the real-time earthquake alert method of this creation.
圖2:本創作之流程圖。 Figure 2: Flow chart of this creation.
圖3:本創作架設地震感應器示意圖。 Figure 3: Schematic diagram of erection of seismic sensors in this creation.
本發明係揭示一種地震即時警示方法,係分為三個皆段:震前階段、震中階段及震後階段,以下以這三個階段分別敘明。 The invention discloses an instant earthquake warning method, which is divided into three stages: a pre-earthquake stage, an epicenter stage, and a post-earthquake stage. These three stages are described separately below.
S101:震前階段;請參見圖1,在本發明的方法中係使用到複數地震感應器10a~10d、至少一主機及一數據中心30。該主機包含一第一主機21、一第二主機22;該等地震感應器10a~10d係分別與該第一主機21、該第二主機22及該數據中心30以有線或無線的方式連線;該等地震感應器10a~10d可設置於同一建築物的不同位置,或是散佈於可能會發生地震事件的區域,在地震發生之前,用以監測該建築物在車輛經過、受風等動態荷載作用下之反應,並利用儲存於該等主機21、22的一移動視窗式轉換函數(Transfer Function with Moving Window)蒐集上述數據,並建立一結構物震動特性資料,作為判斷該建築物結構是否受老化、乾縮、潛變或基礎下陷等影響而使震動特性改變;該數據中心30可包含至少一伺服器,其中該伺服器可為中央氣象局內提供地震資訊之伺服器,或是可提供地震資訊之雲端伺服器。 S101: pre-earthquake stage; please refer to FIG. 1. In the method of the present invention, a plurality of seismic sensors 10a-10d, at least one host and a data center 30 are used. The host includes a first host 21 and a second host 22; the seismic sensors 10a to 10d are connected to the first host 21, the second host 22, and the data center 30 in a wired or wireless manner, respectively. ; These seismic sensors 10a ~ 10d can be installed in different locations of the same building, or scattered in areas where earthquake events may occur. Before the earthquake occurs, they are used to monitor the building ’s movements of vehicles passing by and wind. The response under the load is collected by using a Transfer Function with Moving Window stored in these hosts 21 and 22, and a structure vibration characteristic data is established to determine whether the building structure is Affected by aging, shrinkage, creep or foundation subsidence, the vibration characteristics are changed; the data center 30 may include at least one server, wherein the server may be a server that provides seismic information in the Central Weather Bureau, or Cloud server providing seismic information.
S102:震中階段;當地震發生時,該等地震感應器10a~10d會偵測該地震事件發生後一段預設時間內的一最大加速度感測值及一P波最大位移感測值(PD)。 S102: the epicenter stage; when an earthquake occurs, the seismic sensors 10a-10d will detect a maximum acceleration sensing value and a P-wave maximum displacement sensing value (P D ).
該第一主機21與該第二主機22可設置於任一建築物或是建築物中的室內空間,並分別與複數設備以有線或無線的方式連接,在一較佳實施例 中,該等設備可為至少一家用設備31或至少一產線設備32。具體來說,該家用設備31可為電器設備、逃生燈具、電子門鎖或瓦斯開關之,該產線設備32可為在生產製作流程中所需要的相關電器設備。在本實施例中,該第一主機21係設置於一般用戶的住家,與該家用設備31相連接,用以控制該家用設備31;該第二主機22係設置於工廠廠房,與該產線設備32相連接,用以控制該產線設備32。 The first host 21 and the second host 22 can be installed in any building or an indoor space in the building, and are connected to a plurality of devices in a wired or wireless manner, in a preferred embodiment. The equipment may be at least one equipment 31 or at least one production line equipment 32. Specifically, the household device 31 may be an electrical device, an escape light, an electronic door lock or a gas switch, and the production line device 32 may be a related electrical device required in a production process. In this embodiment, the first host 21 is installed in the home of a general user, and is connected to the home device 31 to control the home device 31. The second host 22 is installed in a factory building and connected to the production line. The equipment 32 is connected to control the production line equipment 32.
第一主機21、第二主機22各儲存了至少一警告規則,舉例而言,該至少一警告規則包含一第一警告規則、一第二警告規則、一第三警告規則及一建築風險規則。該第一警告規則儲存了預設的一最大加速度第一臨界值、P波最大位移第一臨界值及一震度第一臨界值;該第二警告規則儲存了該等產線設備32所能承受的一最大加速度第二臨界值、一P波最大位移第二臨界值及一震度第二臨界值;該第三警告規則儲存了一震度第三臨界值;該建築風險規則儲存了該第一21主機或該第二主機22所在建築物所能承受的震度安全值、最大加速度安全值、P波最大位移安全值及位移安全值,如下表所示:
請參見圖2,當某一地區發生一地震事件時,該等地震感應器10a~10d會偵測到該地震事件發生後三秒內的一最大加速度感測值及一P波最大位移感測值,並將該最大加速度感測值及該P波最大位移感測值回傳至該第一主機21、第二主機22。該第一主機21、第二主機22接收該最大加速度感測值及該P波最大位移感測值,並同時接收由該數據中心30輸出的該地震事件之震央資訊,其中該震央資訊包含該地震事件之震央經度、緯度、深度及該地震事件發生的時間。當該等主機21、22接收到該最大加速度感測值、該P波最大位移感測值及該震央資訊時,該等主機21、22會進行以下的步驟:(c1)計算該地震事件的震央到該等主機21、22之所在地的距離,利用該等主機21、22及該等地震感應器10a~10d的經緯度位置進行換算;(c2)計算該地震事件產生的震波到達該等主機21、22的時間,利用步驟c1得到之距離及一震波常數計算(時間=距離x震波常數),以提供該等主機21、22所在地之使用者具有因應震波到達前之緩衝時間;(c3)計算該主機21、22所在地的一預測震度,該主機21、22會儲存一地震衰減公式,其中該地震衰減公式為:PGA=1.657*(e^(1.533*M))*(r^-1.607)*S Please refer to Figure 2. When an earthquake event occurs in a certain area, the seismic sensors 10a-10d will detect a maximum acceleration value and a P-wave maximum displacement value within three seconds after the earthquake event occurs. And the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value are transmitted back to the first host 21 and the second host 22. The first host 21 and the second host 22 receive the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value, and simultaneously receive epicenter information of the earthquake event output by the data center 30, where the epicenter information includes the The longitude, latitude, and depth of the epicenter of an earthquake event and the time when the earthquake event occurred. When the hosts 21, 22 receive the maximum acceleration sensing value, the P wave maximum displacement sensing value, and the epicenter information, the hosts 21, 22 will perform the following steps: (c1) calculate the The distance from the epicenter to the locations of these hosts 21 and 22 is converted using the latitude and longitude positions of these hosts 21 and 22 and the seismic sensors 10a to 10d; (c2) Calculate the shock waves generated by the earthquake event to reach these hosts 21 , 22, using the distance obtained in step c1 and a shock wave constant calculation (time = distance x shock wave constant) to provide users at the locations of these hosts 21, 22 with a buffer time before the arrival of the shock wave; (c3) calculation A predicted earthquake at the location of the host 21, 22, the host 21, 22 stores a seismic attenuation formula, where the seismic attenuation formula is: PGA = 1.657 * (e ^ (1.533 * M)) * (r ^ -1.607) * S
其中M為芮氏規模,r為震源到主機的距離,S為場址效應因數。 Where M is the Rui's scale, r is the distance from the source to the host, and S is the site effect factor.
利用該地震衰減公式計算出該主機21、22所在地的該預測震度;(c4)根據上述c1~c3步驟所得到的距離及預測震度,該主機21、22會判斷相對應的該警告規則。 Use the seismic attenuation formula to calculate the predicted magnitude of the host 21, 22; (c4) Based on the distances and predicted magnitudes obtained in steps c1 to c3 above, the hosts 21, 22 will determine the corresponding warning rule.
當該地震事件發生時,該等主機21、22會將該地震事件之該最大加速度感測值、該P波最大位移感測值及該預測震度與各警告規則所儲存的數據進行比較。本實施例中,當該最大加速度感測值、該P波最大位移感測值 及該預測震度之任意一值大於第一警告規則中所預設的該最大加速度第一臨界值、該P波最大位移感測第一臨界值及該震度第一臨界值時,該第一主機21會發出警告聲響,同時發送一第一控制指令,該第一控制指令用以控制該家電設備31,例如開啟逃生門鎖、開啟逃生燈具、關閉瓦斯開關以及關閉相關電器設備,確保使用者能及時迅速疏散至安全地帶以及在疏散的過程中的安危。 When the earthquake event occurs, the hosts 21, 22 will compare the maximum acceleration sensing value, the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value, and the predicted magnitude of the seismic event with the data stored by each warning rule. In this embodiment, when the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value And when any value of the predicted magnitude is greater than the first threshold value of the maximum acceleration preset in the first warning rule, the P wave maximum displacement sensing first threshold value, and the magnitude first threshold value, the first host 21 will issue a warning sound and simultaneously send a first control instruction to control the home appliance 31, such as opening the escape door lock, opening the escape lamp, turning off the gas switch, and closing related electrical equipment to ensure that the user can Evacuation to the safety zone promptly and promptly and the safety during the evacuation process.
當該最大加速度感測值、該P波最大位移感測值及該預測震度之任意一值大於該第二警告規則中所對應的該最大加速度第二臨界值、該P波最大位移第二臨界值及該震度第二臨界值時,該第二主機22會發出一第二控制指令,該第二控制指令用以控制該產線設備32做出對應的做動,例如關閉該產線設備32其中之儀器,以降低該儀器在地震過程中損壞的機率及程度,以及確保儀器在因地震而有所損壞的狀況下減少影響到其他設備的機率。 When any one of the maximum acceleration sensing value, the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value, and the predicted magnitude is greater than the second maximum acceleration corresponding to the second warning rule and the second maximum displacement of the P-wave When the value and the second critical value of the vibration degree, the second host 22 will issue a second control instruction, which is used to control the production line equipment 32 to perform corresponding actions, such as shutting down the production line equipment 32 Among them, the instrument is used to reduce the probability and extent of the instrument's damage during the earthquake, and to ensure that the instrument is less likely to affect other equipment in the event of damage due to the earthquake.
當該預測震度大於該第三警告規則中的該震度第三臨界值時,該等主機21、22會利用位於與該等主機21、22同一建築物之該等地震感應器偵測該主機21、22所在地的一震度當地值、一最大加速度當地值及一P波最大位移當地值,並記錄該震度當地值、該最大加速度當地值及該P波最大位移當地值,同時將該等數值與該建築風險規則中的數值進行比較。 When the predicted magnitude is greater than the third critical value of the magnitude in the third warning rule, the hosts 21, 22 will detect the host 21 using the seismic sensors located in the same building as the hosts 21, 22 , A local value of the magnitude of the earthquake, a local value of the maximum acceleration, and a local value of the maximum displacement of the P wave, and record the local value of the earthquake magnitude, the local value of the maximum acceleration, and the local value of the maximum displacement of the P wave. The values in this building risk rule are compared.
在本創作的另一實施例中,各主機21、22各自搭配至少一地震感應器10a~10d,本實施例中,該等地震感應器10a~10d可安裝於各主機21、22內,或是與各主機21、22設置於同一建築物。當該等主機21、22的所在地發生該地震事件時,該等地震感應器10a~10d僅偵測該地震事件的該最大加速度感測值與該P波最大位移感測值。當該最大加速度感測值及該P波最大位移感測值之任一數值大於該第一警告規則中所對應的該最大加速度第一臨界值或該P波最大位移第一臨界值時,該第一主機21會直接發出警告聲響,並發送該第一控制指令,以控制該家用設備31;而當該最大加速度感測值及該P波最大位移感 測值之任一數值大於該第二警告規則中所對應的該最大加速度第二臨界值或該P波最大位移第二臨界值時,該第二主機22同樣會發出該第二控制指令,以控制該等產線設備32做出對應動作。 In another embodiment of the present creation, each host 21, 22 is equipped with at least one seismic sensor 10a-10d, and in this embodiment, the seismic sensors 10a-10d can be installed in each host 21, 22, or It is installed in the same building as each of the main units 21 and 22. When the earthquake event occurs at the locations of the hosts 21, 22, the seismic sensors 10a-10d only detect the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P-wave maximum displacement sensing value of the seismic event. When any one of the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P wave maximum displacement sensing value is greater than the first threshold value of the maximum acceleration corresponding to the first warning rule or the first threshold value of the maximum displacement of the P wave, the The first host 21 will directly issue a warning sound and send the first control instruction to control the home device 31; and when the maximum acceleration sensing value and the P-wave maximum displacement sensing When any value of the measured value is greater than the second critical value of the maximum acceleration or the second critical value of the maximum displacement of the P wave in the second warning rule, the second host 22 also issues the second control instruction to The production line equipment 32 is controlled to perform corresponding actions.
請參見圖3,該等地震感應器10a~10d係進一步測量建築物的一勁度折減率。該勁度折減率的計算方式如下所述:位在屋頂的該地震感應器10a測量屋頂的一屋頂絕對加速度Aar(t),位於地面的該地震感應器10b測量地面的一地面絕對加速度Ag(t),該等主機21、22將該屋頂絕對加速度Aar(t)及該地面絕對加速度Ag(t)分別濾波後進行雙重積分,可分別得到一屋頂絕對位移Dar(t)及一地面絕對位移Dg(t),將該屋頂絕對位移Dar(t)減掉該地面絕對位移Dg(t)可得到一屋頂與地面的層間變位Drr(t)(Drr(t)=Dar(t)-Dg(t)),該屋頂絕對加速度Aar(t)與該層間變位Drr(t)之間的線性斜率即為該勁度,並利用一常數減去該勁度後除以該勁度,以得到一勁度折減率,當該勁度折減率越大,該棟建築物的受損越嚴重;在本實施例中,該常數等於1.0。 Please refer to FIG. 3, the seismic sensors 10a-10d further measure the stiffness reduction rate of the building. The calculation method of the stiffness reduction rate is as follows: the seismic sensor 10a located on the roof measures the absolute acceleration Aar (t) of a roof on the roof, and the seismic sensor 10b located on the ground measures an absolute acceleration Ag of the ground (t), the hosts 21 and 22 respectively filter the absolute absolute acceleration Aar (t) of the roof and the absolute absolute acceleration Ag (t) of the ground and perform double integration to obtain a roof absolute displacement Dar (t) and a ground absolute, respectively. Displacement Dg (t), subtract the absolute displacement Dg (t) from the absolute displacement Dg (t) of the roof to obtain an inter-layer displacement Drr (t) (Drr (t) = Dar (t)- Dg (t)), the linear slope between the roof's absolute acceleration Aar (t) and the interlayer displacement Drr (t) is the stiffness, and a constant is used to subtract the stiffness and divide it by the stiffness. In order to obtain a stiffness reduction rate, as the stiffness reduction rate is greater, the building is more severely damaged; in this embodiment, the constant is equal to 1.0.
該等地震感應器10a~10d係進一步測量建築物的一層間最大變位。舉例而言,除了在屋頂及在地面各架設一地震感應器10a、10b,更進一步於一樓架設一地震感應器10c,該地震感應器10c同樣能測量一樓的一一樓絕對加速度Aa1(t),並對該一樓絕對加速度Aa1(t)進行濾波及雙重積分可得到一一樓絕對位移Da1(t),將該一樓絕對位移Da1(t)減掉該地面絕對位移Dg(t),可得到一樓與地面之間的層間變位。當有任一層間變位值超過預先設定的預設層間變位值時,該等主機21、22會發出警告聲。 These seismic sensors 10a-10d further measure the maximum displacement between floors of a building. For example, in addition to erection of a seismic sensor 10a, 10b on the roof and on the ground, a seismic sensor 10c is also erected on the first floor. The seismic sensor 10c can also measure the first floor and the first floor absolute acceleration Aa1 ( t), and the absolute acceleration Aa1 (t) of the first floor is filtered and double integrated to obtain the absolute displacement Da1 (t) of the first floor. The absolute displacement Da1 (t) of the first floor is subtracted from the ground absolute displacement Dg (t ), You can get the inter-level displacement between the first floor and the ground. When any inter-layer displacement value exceeds a preset preset inter-layer displacement value, the hosts 21 and 22 will issue a warning sound.
S103:執行一比對程序;震後階段地震結束後,該等主機21、22將該震度當地值、該最大加速度當地值及該P波最大位移當地值與該建築風險規則中所對應之該震度安全值、該最大加速度安全值及該P波最大位移安全 值進行比較,評估該第一主機21及該第二主機22所在之建築物因受地震所影響的程度,以及判斷該棟建築物的危險情形。 S103: Perform a comparison procedure; after the earthquake in the post-earthquake phase, the hosts 21, 22 place the local value of the magnitude of the earthquake, the local value of the maximum acceleration, and the local value of the maximum displacement of the P wave with those corresponding to the building risk rules Seismic safety value, the maximum acceleration safety value, and the P-wave maximum displacement safety Compare the values, evaluate the degree to which the building where the first host 21 and the second host 22 are affected by the earthquake, and judge the dangerous situation of the building.
另外,請參見圖3,可在該棟建築物的頂層以及底層分別設置該等地震感應器10a、10b,並將該等地震感應器10a、10b分別感測到之加速度值經由快速傅立葉轉換為一頂層震動頻率值及一底層振動頻率值,並將該底層振動頻率值及該頂層震動頻率值的比值與一安全頻率比值做比較,當該頂層振動頻率值及該底層震動頻率值的比值遠大於該安全頻率比值時,則該等主機21、22會判斷該棟建築物係處於危險狀態。 In addition, please refer to FIG. 3, the seismic sensors 10a, 10b can be respectively set on the top and bottom of the building, and the acceleration values sensed by the seismic sensors 10a, 10b can be converted into A top vibration frequency value and a bottom vibration frequency value, and the ratio between the bottom vibration frequency value and the top vibration frequency value is compared with a safe frequency ratio. When the ratio of the top vibration frequency value and the bottom vibration frequency value is much larger At the safe frequency ratio, the hosts 21, 22 will judge that the building is in a dangerous state.
另外,可在該棟建築物之頂層以及底層分別設置該等地震感應器10a、10b,並將該等地震感應器10a、10b感測到之加速度感測值相減後取積分,得到該建築物之一位移值,將該位移量與該建築風險規則中的位移安全值進行比較,其中該建築風險規則中的位移安全值可根據建築物高度及各國規定之建築物位移容忍比例進行計算得之。當該位移值大於該位移安全值時,各主機21、22判斷該棟建築物係處於危險狀態。 In addition, the seismic sensors 10a, 10b can be set on the top and bottom of the building respectively, and the acceleration sensing values sensed by the seismic sensors 10a, 10b can be subtracted and integrated to obtain the building. The displacement value of one of the objects is compared with the displacement safety value in the building risk rule, where the displacement safety value in the building risk rule can be calculated according to the building height and the building's displacement tolerance ratio prescribed by each country Of it. When the displacement value is greater than the displacement safety value, each host 21, 22 determines that the building is in a dangerous state.
地震結束後,可進一步將該層間變位Drr(t)利用快速傅立葉轉換得到一層間變位頻率函式Drr(w),該地面絕對加速度Ag(t)同樣可用快速傅立葉轉換換算得到一地面絕對加速度頻率函數Ag(w),該層間變位頻率函式Drr(w)除以該地面絕對加速度頻率函數Ag(w)可得到該移動視窗式轉換函數H(w)。該移動視窗式轉換函數能計算該棟建築物震後與該震後結構物特性資料,並將該震後結構物特性資料與該結構物震動特性資料進行比較,即能判斷該棟建築物是否受損。 After the earthquake, the inter-layer displacement Drr (t) can be further transformed by the fast Fourier transform to obtain the inter-layer displacement frequency function Drr (w). The ground absolute acceleration Ag (t) can also be converted by the fast Fourier transformation to obtain a ground absolute The acceleration frequency function Ag (w), the inter-layer variable frequency function Drr (w) is divided by the ground absolute acceleration frequency function Ag (w) to obtain the moving window type conversion function H (w). The moving window-type transfer function can calculate the post-earthquake and post-earthquake structural property data of the building, and compare the post-earthquake structural property data with the structural vibration property data to determine whether the building is Damaged.
利用該等地震感應器在各地即時感測地震,再搭配該數據中心提供的震央數據,在地震發生時經由主機進行判斷以及即時發出對應指令,能同時控制家電設備的開關及動作,以及在廠房中控制生產設備的流程,以保障 使用者在地震發生時有時間逃生,同時確保在疏散的過程中能迅速且不受阻礙,以及讓該等生產設備能在地震來襲時即時地做出適當的動作,以降低生產設備及其相關設施因地震所造成的損害。 Use these seismic sensors to sense earthquakes in various places in real time, and then use the epicenter data provided by the data center to make judgments through the host and issue corresponding instructions in real time when an earthquake occurs. It can control the switching and movement of household appliances at the same time. Control the process of production equipment to ensure Users have time to escape when an earthquake occurs, and at the same time ensure that they can quickly and unhindered during the evacuation process, and allow such production equipment to take appropriate actions immediately in the event of an earthquake to reduce production equipment and its Damage to related facilities caused by the earthquake.
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