TWI674931B - Treatment method for contaminated mixture - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
Abstract
污染混合物的處理方法可應用於處理污染土壤及污染液體。污染混合物的處理方法包括混合含有污染物的第一污染混合物與一處理劑，處理劑可依需求選擇液態處理劑或固態處理劑，藉此令該處理劑與該污染物作用獲得一待分離混合物，該待分離混合物中包括一經處理後之混合物和一使用後處理劑，自該待分離混合物中分離得到該經處理後之混合物和該使用後處理劑，使該使用後處理劑以擠壓、離心、榨取、蒸餾或置換反應的方式分離出一可再利用之處理劑，該可再利用之處理劑可再與一第二污染混合物混合並作用。藉此重複使用處理劑降低處理成本。The method for treating contaminated mixtures can be applied to contaminated soils and contaminated liquids. A method for treating a contaminated mixture includes mixing a first contaminated mixture containing a pollutant and a treatment agent. The treatment agent may select a liquid treatment agent or a solid treatment agent as required, thereby allowing the treatment agent to interact with the pollutant to obtain a mixture to be separated. The mixture to be separated includes a treated mixture and a post-treatment agent, and the treated mixture and the post-treatment agent are separated from the mixture to be separated, so that the post-treatment agent is extruded, A recyclable treating agent is separated by centrifugation, extraction, distillation or displacement reaction, and the reusable treating agent can be mixed with a second contaminated mixture and acted. This reuses the treatment agent to reduce treatment costs.
Description
本發明是關於一種處理污染混合物的方法。The invention relates to a method for treating a contaminated mixture.
傳統處理污染混合物的方法主要包括化學、物理及生物方法，實務上常使用化學方法，藉由添加處理劑來分解或分離污染物，除了化學方法之外，亦可合併採用物理方法和/或生物方法，就此提升污染混合物的處理效率，並改善處理效果。Traditional methods for treating contaminated mixtures mainly include chemical, physical and biological methods. In practice, chemical methods are often used to decompose or separate pollutants by adding treatment agents. In addition to chemical methods, physical methods and / or biological methods can also be combined. In this way, the treatment efficiency of the contaminated mixture is improved, and the treatment effect is improved.
在處理污染混合物時，為了使處理劑具有最佳的處理效果，通常會添加其他輔助劑控制污染混合物的溫度、酸鹼值或導電度等參數，以便使處理劑可在一較佳條件下處理該污染混合物，發揮預期的處理效果；當處理劑與污染物反應作用後會產生一使用後處理劑和一經處理後之混合物，該使用後處理劑包含有污染物、處理劑和部分輔助劑，因此，於分離出使用後處理劑之後，即可獲得經處理後之混合物，並達到處理該污染混合物的效果。When processing the contaminated mixture, in order to make the treatment agent have the best treatment effect, other auxiliary agents are usually added to control the temperature, pH value or conductivity of the contaminated mixture, so that the treatment agent can be processed under a better condition. The contaminated mixture exerts the expected treatment effect; when the treatment agent reacts with the pollutant, a post-treatment agent and a treated mixture are produced. The post-treatment agent contains the pollutant, the treatment agent and some auxiliary agents. Therefore, after the post-treatment agent is separated, the treated mixture can be obtained, and the effect of treating the contaminated mixture can be achieved.
然而，在添加處理劑和輔助劑後，雖可自污染混合物中分離出大部分的污染物，但包含有污染物、處理劑和部分輔助劑的使用後處理劑成分通常多樣且複雜，若未被進一步處理則無法重複使用，甚而會造成浪費或污染，更使處理成本提高，故，傳統處理污染土壤的方法仍有待改善，尤其當該污染混合物同時包含固體和液體時，會增加分離以及純化處理該使用後處理劑的困難度。However, after adding treatment agents and adjuvants, although most of the pollutants can be separated from the contaminated mixture, after-use treatment agent components containing pollutants, treatment agents and some adjuvants are usually diverse and complex. It cannot be reused for further processing, which will even cause waste or pollution, and increase the cost of treatment. Therefore, the traditional method of treating contaminated soil still needs to be improved, especially when the contaminated mixture contains both solids and liquids, which will increase separation and purification. Difficulty of handling this used post-treatment agent.
舉例來說，當該污染混合物為一污染土壤時，於添加處理劑和輔助劑之後，該使用後處理劑中可能包含土壤顆粒、污染物、清洗液、處理劑和輔助劑，使得成分不僅多樣複雜，且更難以純化回收處理劑。For example, when the contaminated mixture is a contaminated soil, after adding a treatment agent and an adjuvant, the post-use treatment agent may contain soil particles, pollutants, cleaning solutions, treatment agents, and adjuvants, so that the ingredients are not only diverse Complex and more difficult to purify and recycle the treatment agent.
因此，傳統處理污染土壤的方法是會先以液體洗滌該污染土壤，由於表面積和表面電荷的影響，污染物傾向附著於顆粒較小的土壤成分上，例如坋土和黏土；因此，傳統處理污染土壤的方法會在洗滌過程中，根據土壤顆粒的大小以篩分、浮選、沉澱或離心的方式，篩出不同尺寸顆粒，如：礫石、粗砂、細砂、坋土和黏土等，經過洗滌和分篩後，污染物會傾向集中於小顆粒的土壤成分中，藉此達到清洗大顆粒土壤，並將污染物濃縮至小顆粒土壤中的效果；但此處理過程中會產生許多廢液，該廢液中包含許多細顆粒且富含污染物，通常需後續處理，不易處理者常採用焚燒或掩埋等方式處理，因此導致整個處理過程步驟繁複、耗時長且難以分離純化使用後處理劑，甚而造成浪費或污染，使處理成本提高。Therefore, the traditional method of treating contaminated soil is to first wash the contaminated soil with a liquid. Due to the influence of surface area and surface charge, the pollutants tend to adhere to soil components with smaller particles, such as vermiculite and clay; therefore, traditional treatment of contaminated soil The soil method will screen out different sizes of particles, such as gravel, coarse sand, fine sand, vermiculite and clay, during the washing process by sieving, flotation, sedimentation or centrifugation according to the size of the soil particles. After washing and sieving, the pollutants tend to be concentrated in the small-grained soil components, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the large-grained soil and concentrating the pollutants into the small-grained soil; however, many waste liquids will be generated during this process. The waste liquid contains many fine particles and is rich in pollutants, and usually requires subsequent treatment. Those who are not easy to treat often use incineration or landfilling, which results in complicated steps, time-consuming and difficult to separate and purify after use. Agents, and even cause waste or pollution, increasing the cost of treatment.
有鑒於上述問題，本發明的目的為解決以往無回收再利用處理劑的問題。In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the treatment agent has not been recycled in the past.
為達上述目的，本發明處理污染混合物的方法包括： 提供一第一污染混合物和一第二污染混合物，該第一污染混合物和該第二污染混合物各自含有污染物； 混合該第一污染混合物及一處理劑，藉此令該處理劑與該第一污染混合物中的污染物作用，獲得一待分離混合物，該待分離混合物中含有一經處理後之混合物和一使用後處理劑，該使用後處理劑含有該處理劑及該污染物，該處理劑為一液態處理劑或一固態處理劑； 自該待分離混合物中分離得到該經處理後之混合物和該使用後處理劑，使該使用後處理劑以物理作用(例如擠壓、離心、榨取、蒸餾)或化學作用(例如置換反應、氧化還原反應)的方式分離出一可再利用之處理劑； 令該可再利用之處理劑與該第二污染混合物混合以處理該第二污染混合物，藉此令該可再利用之處理劑與該第二污染混合物中的污染物作用。To achieve the above object, the method for treating a contaminated mixture of the present invention includes: providing a first contaminated mixture and a second contaminated mixture, each of the first and the second contaminated mixture contains pollutants; mixing the first contaminated mixture and A treatment agent, thereby causing the treatment agent to interact with the pollutants in the first contaminated mixture to obtain a mixture to be separated, the mixture to be separated contains a treated mixture and a post-use treatment agent, and the post-use treatment The agent contains the treatment agent and the pollutant, and the treatment agent is a liquid treatment agent or a solid treatment agent; the treated mixture and the after-use treatment agent are separated from the mixture to be separated, so that the after-use treatment The agent separates a reusable treatment agent by physical action (such as extrusion, centrifugation, extraction, distillation) or chemical action (such as displacement reaction, redox reaction); the reusable treatment agent and the first Two contaminated mixtures are mixed to treat the second contaminated mixture, thereby bringing the reusable treatment agent into the second contaminated mixture The role of pollutants.
藉由上述技術手段，本發明處理污染混合物的處理劑能經由純化分離的步驟獲得一可再利用之處理劑，可將回收得到的可再利用之處理劑再添加於第二污染混合物中，使可再利用之處理劑能與第二污染混合物中的污染物作用，達到處理第二污染混合物的效果，降低處理劑造成的污染及浪費，並可減少污染混合物的處理成本。其中該污染混合物可以是固體、液體或是固液共存的混合物；當固體含量較高時，該污染混合物可能呈泥狀。By the above technical means, the treating agent for treating the contaminated mixture of the present invention can obtain a reusable treating agent through the purification and separation step, and the recovered reusable treating agent can be added to the second contaminated mixture, so that The reusable treatment agent can interact with the pollutants in the second pollution mixture to achieve the effect of treating the second pollution mixture, reduce the pollution and waste caused by the treatment agent, and reduce the treatment cost of the pollution mixture. The contaminated mixture may be a solid, a liquid, or a mixture of solid and liquid; when the solid content is high, the contaminated mixture may be muddy.
其中，該污染物可以是各種污染物或是污染混合物，於其中一實施例，該污染物可以是碳氫化合物污染物，具體來說，該污染物可以是石油碳氫化合物。The pollutant may be various pollutants or a mixture of pollutants. In one embodiment, the pollutant may be a hydrocarbon pollutant. Specifically, the pollutant may be a petroleum hydrocarbon.
較佳的，自該使用後處理劑中分離出該可再利用之處理劑的方法可以是蒸餾冷凝、離心或其他方式。Preferably, the method for separating the reusable treatment agent from the post-treatment treatment agent may be distillation condensation, centrifugation or other methods.
於其中一實施例，使用的處理劑為液態處理劑，而污染混合物的處理方法中混合該第一污染混合物與該處理劑，藉此令該處理劑與該污染物作用獲得該待分離混合物的步驟包括： 該處理劑為該液態處理劑，混合該第一污染混合物與該液態處理劑，藉此令該液態處理劑與該污染物作用，獲得該待分離混合物； 其中自該待分離混合物中分離得到該經處理後之混合物和該使用後處理劑的步驟包括： 自該待分離混合物中固液分離出該經處理後之混合物和該使用後處理劑，以蒸餾冷凝的方式純化該使用後處理劑獲得該可再利用之處理劑。In one embodiment, the treatment agent used is a liquid treatment agent, and in the method for treating a contamination mixture, the first contamination mixture and the treatment agent are mixed, thereby allowing the treatment agent and the pollutant to interact to obtain the mixture to be separated. The steps include: the treatment agent is the liquid treatment agent, and the first contaminated mixture and the liquid treatment agent are mixed, thereby causing the liquid treatment agent to interact with the pollutant to obtain the mixture to be separated; wherein, from the mixture to be separated, The step of separating the treated mixture and the used post-treatment agent includes: solid-liquid separating the treated mixture and the used post-treatment agent from the mixture to be separated, and purifying the used mixture by distillation and condensation. The treating agent obtains the reusable treating agent.
較佳的，該液態處理劑為烷類、醚類、醇類、醛類、苯類、酮類、鹵代烷烴、鹵代烷類、氯氟烴、鹵仿或其組合物。更佳的，該液態處理劑的沸點小於100°C，藉此可降低純化使用後處理劑而獲得可再利用之處理劑所需的能耗，增加經濟效益。Preferably, the liquid treatment agent is an alkane, ether, alcohol, aldehyde, benzene, ketone, haloalkane, haloalkane, chlorofluorocarbon, haloform or a combination thereof. More preferably, the boiling point of the liquid treatment agent is less than 100 ° C, thereby reducing the energy consumption required for purifying and using the post-treatment agent to obtain a reusable treatment agent, and increasing economic benefits.
較佳的，該液態處理劑中可包含觸媒，該觸媒可幫助處理該第一污染混合物和該第二污染混合物中的污染物，例如：油類觸媒。Preferably, the liquid treatment agent may include a catalyst, and the catalyst may help process pollutants in the first and second pollution mixtures, such as oil catalysts.
當該污染物為石油碳氫污染物時，石油碳氫污染物與液態處理劑相互作用，可將石油碳氫污染物與土壤分離，而石油碳氫污染物與液態處理劑之沸點不同，故可藉由蒸餾後再冷凝的方式，自該使用後處理劑中分離得到該可再利用之處理劑及石油碳氫污染物，並將處理劑進行回收以便再利用。When the pollutant is a petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant, the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant interacts with the liquid processing agent to separate the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant from the soil, and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant and the liquid processing agent have different boiling points, so The reusable treatment agent and petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants can be separated from the post-treatment treatment agent by means of re-condensation after distillation, and the treatment agent can be recovered for reuse.
污染混合物於處理過程中為提高效率、施作方便或降低處理劑損失，可加入其他添加劑，例如：水。藉由使添加劑的密度小於該液態處理劑的密度，藉此使添加劑可浮於液態處理劑和第一污染土壤之上，以減少液態處理劑在處理第一污染土壤時因蒸散造成處理劑的損失。During the treatment of the contaminated mixture, in order to improve the efficiency, facilitate the application or reduce the loss of the treatment agent, other additives such as water can be added. By making the density of the additive smaller than the density of the liquid treatment agent, the additive can float on the liquid treatment agent and the first polluted soil, so as to reduce the effect of the treatment agent on the treatment agent caused by evapotranspiration when the first treatment soil is treated by the liquid treatment agent. loss.
於另一實施例，使用的處理劑為固態處理劑，而污染混合物的處理方法中，混合該第一污染混合物與該處理劑，藉此令該處理劑與該污染物作用獲得該待分離混合物的步驟包括： 該處理劑為該固態處理劑，混合該第一污染混合物和該固態處理劑，藉此令該固態處理劑與該污染物作用而附著，獲得該待分離混合物； 其中自該待分離混合物中分離得到該經處理後之混合物和該使用後處理劑的步驟包括： 自該待分離混合物中以篩分、浮除、撈選或過濾的方式分離出附著有該污染物的固態處理劑，再利用擠壓、離心或榨取的方式分離獲得該可再利用之處理劑；自該待分離混合物中固液分離獲得該經處理後之混合物。In another embodiment, the treating agent used is a solid treating agent, and in the method for treating a contaminated mixture, the first contaminated mixture and the treating agent are mixed, so that the treating agent and the pollutant act to obtain the to-be-separated mixture. The steps include: the treatment agent is the solid treatment agent, mixing the first contaminated mixture and the solid treatment agent, whereby the solid treatment agent is allowed to adhere to the pollutant to obtain the mixture to be separated; The step of separating the treated mixture and the used post-treatment agent from the separation mixture includes: separating the solid to which the pollutant is attached from the mixture to be separated by means of screening, floatation, fishing or filtration. The recyclable treatment agent is separated and obtained by means of extrusion, centrifugation or extraction; the treated mixture is obtained by solid-liquid separation from the mixture to be separated.
較佳的，該固態處理劑的材質可為聚丙烯、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物樹脂、石墨烯、海綿、吸油棉或其組合物。Preferably, the material of the solid processing agent may be polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, graphene, sponge, oil-absorbing cotton, or a combination thereof.
較佳的，該固態處理劑中可包含觸媒，該觸媒可幫助處理該第一污染混合物和該第二污染混合物中的污染物，例如：油類觸媒。Preferably, the solid processing agent may include a catalyst, and the catalyst may help to treat pollutants in the first polluting mixture and the second polluting mixture, such as an oil catalyst.
當該污染物為石油碳氫污染物時，固態處理劑可吸附石油碳氫污染物，使石油碳氫污染物可由土壤表面轉移至該固態處理劑，處理過程中可得到一包含處理後之土壤及含有石油碳氫污染物之固態處理劑的待分離混合物。處理過程中為提高效率或施作方便，可加入其他添加劑，例如：水。When the pollutant is a petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant, the solid processing agent can adsorb the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant, so that the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant can be transferred from the soil surface to the solid processing agent, and a treated soil can be obtained during the processing. And to-be-separated mixture of solid processing agents containing petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. In order to improve the efficiency or facilitate the application during the process, other additives such as water can be added.
處理第一污染混合物或第二污染混合物時，固態處理劑或液體處理劑的回收可為批次處理亦可為連續式處理。When the first contaminated mixture or the second contaminated mixture is processed, the recovery of the solid processing agent or the liquid processing agent may be batch processing or continuous processing.
處理劑的添加量可依處理劑種類及第一污染混合物或該第二污染混合物中污染物的濃度進行調整，以找尋最佳比例。The addition amount of the treatment agent can be adjusted according to the type of the treatment agent and the concentration of the pollutants in the first pollution mixture or the second pollution mixture, so as to find the optimal ratio.
該可再利用之處理劑的回收率為可再利用之處理劑之總重除於該處理劑的添加重量的百分比，根據本發明的處理污染混合物的方法，可再利用之處理劑的回收率介於0.0001%至100%之間；較佳的，可再利用之處理劑的回收率介於50%至100%之間；更佳的，可再利用之處理劑的回收率介於80%至100%之間；再更佳的，可再利用之處理劑的回收率介於90%至100%之間。The recovery rate of the reusable treatment agent is the percentage of the total weight of the reusable treatment agent divided by the added weight of the treatment agent. According to the method for treating a contaminated mixture according to the present invention, the recovery rate of the reusable treatment agent Between 0.0001% and 100%; preferably, the recovery rate of reusable treatment agents is between 50% and 100%; more preferably, the recovery rate of reusable treatment agents is between 80% To 100%; even better, the recovery rate of reusable treatment agents is between 90% to 100%.
具體來說，該污染混合物可以是一污染土壤，即該第一污染混合物為一第一污染土壤，該第二污染混合物為一第二污染土壤，該經處理後之混合物為一經處理後之土壤。並且，根據本發明處理污染混合物的方法，該經處理後之土壤中污染物的濃度小於該第一污染土壤中污染物的濃度。Specifically, the contaminated mixture may be a contaminated soil, that is, the first contaminated mixture is a first contaminated soil, the second contaminated mixture is a second contaminated soil, and the treated mixture is a treated soil. . Moreover, according to the method for treating a contaminated mixture according to the present invention, the concentration of the pollutants in the treated soil is less than the concentration of the pollutants in the first contaminated soil.
較佳的，每一公斤該經處理後之土壤中污染物的含量小於或等於1000毫克。更佳的，每一公斤該經處理後之土壤中污染物的含量小於或等於20毫克。Preferably, the content of pollutants in the treated soil is less than or equal to 1000 milligrams per kilogram. More preferably, the content of pollutants in the treated soil is less than or equal to 20 mg per kilogram.
另一方面，該污染混合物可以是一污染液體，即該第一污染混合物為一第一污染液體，該第二污染混合物為一第二污染液體，該經處理後之混合物為一經處理後之液體。並且，根據本發明處理污染混合物的方法，該經處理後之液體中污染物的濃度小於該第一污染液體中污染物的濃度。On the other hand, the contaminated mixture may be a contaminated liquid, that is, the first contaminated mixture is a first contaminated liquid, the second contaminated mixture is a second contaminated liquid, and the treated mixture is a treated liquid . Moreover, according to the method for treating a contaminated mixture according to the present invention, the concentration of the contaminants in the treated liquid is less than the concentration of the contaminants in the first contaminated liquid.
較佳的，每一公升該經處理後之液體中污染物的含量小於或等於10毫克。更佳的，每一公升該經處理後之液體中污染物的含量小於或等於2毫克。Preferably, the content of pollutants in the treated liquid is less than or equal to 10 mg per liter. More preferably, the content of contaminants in the treated liquid is less than or equal to 2 mg per liter.
於本發明中，可依第一污染土壤或液體或該第二污染土壤或液體中碳氫化合物污染物的濃度調整處理劑的添加量，並可依不同污染物使用不同的處理劑，藉此使經處理後之土壤或液體的污染物濃度低於處理前的污染物濃度。In the present invention, the addition amount of the treatment agent can be adjusted according to the concentration of the hydrocarbon pollutants in the first polluted soil or liquid or the second polluted soil or liquid, and different treatment agents can be used according to different pollutants, thereby The pollutant concentration of the treated soil or liquid should be lower than that of the pollutant before the treatment.
實施例Examples 11
請參閱圖1所示，於本實施例中，一第一污染土壤中包含的污染物為油類污染物，根據環境檢驗所(national institute environmental analysis，NIEA)訂定的M901.00B檢測方法，以氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量第一污染土壤中的總石油碳氫化合物(儀器的偵測極限為20 mg/kg)，根據檢測結果得知每一公斤該第一污染土壤中包含5890毫克的石油碳氫污染物，即，該第一污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物的濃度為5890 mg/kg。Please refer to FIG. 1. In this embodiment, a pollutant contained in a first contaminated soil is an oil pollutant. According to the M901.00B detection method established by the National Institute of Environmental Analysis (NIEA), Gas chromatography / flame ion detection was used to measure the total petroleum hydrocarbons in the first contaminated soil (the detection limit of the instrument was 20 mg / kg). According to the test results, each kilogram of the first contaminated soil was found. Contains 5890 mg of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, that is, the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the first polluted soil is 5890 mg / kg.
首先，秤取1000克的石油碳氫污染土做為第一污染土壤，並加入1000克的甲醇作為液態處理劑。令該第一污染土壤與該液態處理劑均勻攪拌後形成一待分離混合物；此時，該液態處理劑會與該第一污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物作用，使石油碳氫污染物自第一污染土壤的顆粒表面上脫附，故使該待分離混合物包含一經處理後之土壤和一使用後處理劑，該使用後處理劑含有該液態處理劑及該石油碳氫污染物。First, weigh 1,000 grams of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil as the first contaminated soil, and add 1000 grams of methanol as a liquid treatment agent. The first polluted soil and the liquid treatment agent are uniformly stirred to form a mixture to be separated; at this time, the liquid treatment agent will interact with the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the first polluted soil, so that the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants will The particles of the first polluted soil are desorbed, so that the mixture to be separated includes a treated soil and a post-treatment agent, the post-treatment agent containing the liquid treatment agent and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant.
接著，固液分離經處理後之土壤和使用後處理劑，此時，經處理後之土壤經由氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量總石油碳氫化合物(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon，TPH)的濃度小於20 mg/kg，該經處理後之土壤中TPH的濃度低於第一污染土壤中TPH的濃度。Next, the treated soil and the post-treatment agent are separated by solid-liquid. At this time, the treated soil is measured for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration by gas chromatography / flame ion detection. Less than 20 mg / kg, the TPH concentration in the treated soil is lower than the TPH concentration in the first contaminated soil.
另一方面，將使用後處理劑置於加熱回收裝置中，並控制加熱回收裝置的溫度為60°C，純化分離該使用後處理劑，藉由蒸餾後再冷凝的方式回收而得一可再利用之處理劑，該可再利用之處理劑中不包含該總石油碳氫化合物污染物，可再利用之處理劑的總重為995克，可再利用之處理劑的回收率為可再利用之處理劑總重除於液態處理劑的添加重量的百分比，故回收率為99.5%。On the other hand, the used post-treatment agent is placed in a heating recovery device, and the temperature of the heating and recovery device is controlled to 60 ° C. The used post-treatment agent is purified and separated, and recovered by distillation and then condensed to obtain one after another. Used treatment agent, the reusable treatment agent does not contain the total petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, the total weight of the reusable treatment agent is 995 grams, and the recovery rate of the reusable treatment agent is reusable The total weight of the treatment agent is divided by the percentage of the added weight of the liquid treatment agent, so the recovery rate is 99.5%.
再將該可再利用之處理劑添加於第二污染土壤中，該第二污染土壤含污染物之程度可與該第一污染土壤相同或不同，並重複前述步驟，使可再利用之處理劑與第二污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物作用，以處理第二污染土壤。The reusable treatment agent is added to the second contaminated soil, and the second contaminated soil may contain the same or different degree of pollutants as the first contaminated soil, and the foregoing steps are repeated to make the reusable treatment agent Interact with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the second polluted soil to treat the second polluted soil.
如此一來，在純化分離該使用後處理劑的步驟後，可獲得該可再利用之處理劑，可再利用之處理劑可再被添加於第二污染土壤中，達到回收再利用該液態處理劑以節省處理成本的效果。In this way, after the step of purifying and separating the used post-treatment agent, the reusable treatment agent can be obtained, and the reusable treatment agent can be added to the second contaminated soil again to achieve recycling and reuse of the liquid treatment. Agent to save processing costs.
實施例Examples 22
實施例2與實施例1相似，使用相同的第一污染土壤，其差異在於：實施例2使用的液態處理劑為1000克的二氯甲烷，並加入水做為添加劑。Example 2 is similar to Example 1 and uses the same first contaminated soil. The difference is that the liquid treatment agent used in Example 2 is 1000 g of dichloromethane, and water is added as an additive.
令第一污染土壤、水和液態處理劑混合均勻而形成一待分離混合物，由於水的密度較二氯甲烷小，故在混合的過程中水會浮於二氯甲烷的表面，降低二氯甲烷直接接觸空氣造成液態處理劑蒸散而造成的損失；此時，該液態處理劑會與石油碳氫污染物作用，故該待分離混合物包括一經處理後之土壤和使用後處理劑。The first polluted soil, water and liquid treatment agent are mixed uniformly to form a mixture to be separated. Since the density of water is smaller than that of dichloromethane, water will float on the surface of dichloromethane during the mixing process, reducing the dichloromethane. Direct contact with air causes losses caused by evaporation of the liquid treatment agent; at this time, the liquid treatment agent will interact with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, so the mixture to be separated includes the treated soil and the post-treatment treatment agent.
令經處理後之土壤和使用後處理劑固液分離，並以氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量經處理後之土壤中TPH的總量，經處理後之土壤中TPH的濃度小於1000 mg/kg，故該經處理後之土壤中TPH的含量低於該第一污染土壤中TPH污染物的含量。Separate the solid and liquid of the treated soil from the post-treatment agent and measure the total amount of TPH in the treated soil by gas chromatography / flame ion detection. The concentration of TPH in the treated soil is less than 1000 mg / kg, so the content of TPH in the treated soil is lower than the content of TPH pollutants in the first polluted soil.
此外，以45°C的溫度純化分離該使用後處理劑，藉由蒸餾及冷凝回收而得一可再利用之處理劑，可再利用之處理劑的總重為998克，可再利用之液態處理劑回收率為99.8%。In addition, the used post-treatment agent is purified and separated at a temperature of 45 ° C, and a reusable treatment agent is obtained through distillation and condensation recovery. The total weight of the reusable treatment agent is 998 grams, and the liquid can be reused. The recovery rate of the treating agent was 99.8%.
該可再利用之處理劑可再添加於第二污染土壤中，該第二污染土壤含污染物之程度可與該第一污染土壤相同或不同，並可重複前述步驟，使可再利用之處理劑與第二污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物作用，以處理第二污染土壤。The reusable treatment agent can be added to the second contaminated soil, and the second contaminated soil can contain the same or different degree of pollutants as the first contaminated soil, and the foregoing steps can be repeated to enable reusable treatment. The agent interacts with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the second polluted soil to treat the second polluted soil.
實施例Examples 33
請參閱圖2所示，實施例3與實施例1相似，使用相同的第一污染土壤，其差異在於：實施例3使用的處理劑為固態處理劑，秤取5000克的固態處理劑，並添加水做為添加劑，以提昇石油碳氫污染物的吸附效率並使操作更為方便。該固態處理劑的添加重量為該第一污染土壤重量的500%，該固態處理劑的主要成分為乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物樹脂顆粒，具有可吸附石油碳氫污染物的效果。Please refer to FIG. 2, Example 3 is similar to Example 1 and uses the same first contaminated soil. The difference is that the treatment agent used in Example 3 is a solid treatment agent, and 5000 grams of the solid treatment agent is weighed, and Water is added as an additive to improve the adsorption efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants and make the operation more convenient. The added weight of the solid treatment agent is 500% of the weight of the first polluted soil. The main component of the solid treatment agent is ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin particles, which has the effect of adsorbing petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants.
使第一污染土壤、水和固態處理劑混合均勻後形成一待分離混合物；此時，該固態處理劑會與石油碳氫污染物作用，原附著於第一污染土壤顆粒表面的石油碳氫污染物會轉移吸附至固態處理劑上，故使該待分離混合物包含一經處理後之土壤和使用後處理劑，該使用後處理劑包含石油碳氫污染物和固態處理劑。The first polluted soil, water and solid treatment agent are mixed uniformly to form a mixture to be separated; at this time, the solid treatment agent will interact with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution originally attached to the surface of the first polluted soil particles The substance will be transferred and adsorbed to the solid processing agent, so that the mixture to be separated includes a treated soil and a post-processing agent, and the post-processing agent includes petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants and a solid processing agent.
接著，自該待分離混合物中撈選出附著有石油碳氫污染物的固態處理劑，以擠壓、離心或榨取的方式將石油碳氫污染物自固態處理劑表面分離，獲得一可再利用之處理劑，達到純化固態處理劑的效果；另一方面，自該待分離混合物中固液分離出該經處理後之土壤，該經處理後之土壤以氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量其中包含的油類污染物，處理後土壤中TPH的濃度小於1000 mg/kg，故該經處理後之土壤中TPH的含量低於第一污染土壤中TPH的含量。Then, a solid processing agent with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants attached is selected from the mixture to be separated, and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants are separated from the surface of the solid processing agent by extrusion, centrifugation or extraction to obtain a reusable one. The treatment agent achieves the effect of purifying the solid treatment agent. On the other hand, the treated soil is separated from the solid-liquid in the mixture to be separated, and the treated soil is measured by gas chromatography / flame ion detection. The oil pollutants contained therein had a TPH concentration of less than 1000 mg / kg in the treated soil, so the content of TPH in the treated soil was lower than that in the first polluted soil.
該可再利用之處理劑可再添加於第二污染土壤中，該第二污染土壤含污染物之種類與程度可與該第一污染土壤相同或不同，例如：該第一污染土壤可為柴油污染之土壤，第二污染土壤可為原油污染之土壤。可重複前述步驟，使可再利用之固態處理劑與第二污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物作用，以處理第二污染土壤。The reusable treatment agent can be added to the second contaminated soil, and the type and degree of pollutants in the second contaminated soil can be the same as or different from the first contaminated soil. For example, the first contaminated soil can be diesel oil. Contaminated soil, the second contaminated soil may be soil contaminated by crude oil. The foregoing steps may be repeated to allow the reusable solid processing agent to interact with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the second polluted soil to treat the second polluted soil.
實施例Examples 44
請參閱圖3所示，於本實施例中，一第一污染液體中包含的污染物為油類污染物，根據環境檢驗所訂定的M901.00B檢測方法，以氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量第一污染液體中的總石油碳氫污染物，根據檢測結果得知每1公斤該第一污染液體中包含811毫克的石油碳氫污染物，即，該第一污染液體中的石油碳氫污染物的濃度為811 mg/kg。Please refer to FIG. 3. In this embodiment, the pollutant contained in a first polluting liquid is an oil pollutant. According to the M901.00B detection method determined by environmental inspection, gas chromatography / flame ion The detection method measures the total petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the first polluting liquid, and according to the test results, it is found that each 1 kg of the first polluting liquid contains 811 mg of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, that is, the first polluting liquid The concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants is 811 mg / kg.
首先，秤取1000克的第一污染液體，並加入1000克的正己烷作為液態處理劑。First, weigh 1000 grams of the first contaminated liquid, and add 1000 grams of n-hexane as a liquid treatment agent.
令該第一污染液體與該液態處理劑均勻攪拌後形成一待分離混合物；此時，該液態處理劑會與該第一污染土壤中的石油碳氫污染物作用，使石油碳氫污染物自第一污染液體中分離，故使該待分離混合物包含一經處理後之液體和一使用後處理劑，該使用後處理劑含有該液態處理劑及該石油碳氫污染物。The first polluting liquid and the liquid treatment agent are uniformly stirred to form a mixture to be separated; at this time, the liquid treatment agent will interact with the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the first polluted soil, so that the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants will The first contaminated liquid is separated, so that the mixture to be separated includes a treated liquid and a post-treatment agent, and the post-treatment agent contains the liquid treatment agent and the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant.
接著，由於經處理後之液體和該使用後處理劑比重不同，可利用離心、抽取等方式將經處理後之液體和該使用後處理劑分離，此時，經處理後之液體經由氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量總石油碳氫污染物的濃度小於2 mg/L，該經處理後之土壤中TPH的濃度低於第一污染液體中TPH的濃度。Then, because the specific gravity of the treated liquid and the used post-treatment agent is different, the treated liquid can be separated from the used post-treatment agent by centrifugation, extraction, etc. At this time, the treated liquid passes through the gas phase layer The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants measured by analysis / flame ion detection method is less than 2 mg / L, and the concentration of TPH in the treated soil is lower than that of the first contaminated liquid.
另一方面，將使用後處理劑置於加熱回收裝置中，並控制加熱回收裝置的溫度為60°C，純化分離該使用後處理劑，藉由蒸餾後再冷凝的方式回收而得一可再利用之處理劑，該可再利用之處理劑中不包含該石油碳氫污染物，可再利用之處理劑的總重為998克，可再利用之處理劑的回收率為可再利用之處理劑總重除於液態處理劑的添加重量的百分比，故回收率為99.8%。On the other hand, the used post-treatment agent is placed in a heating recovery device, and the temperature of the heating and recovery device is controlled to 60 ° C. The used post-treatment agent is purified and separated, and recovered by distillation and then condensed to obtain one after another. Used treatment agent, the reusable treatment agent does not contain the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, the total weight of the reusable treatment agent is 998 grams, and the recovery rate of the reusable treatment agent is recyclable treatment The total weight of the agent is divided by the percentage of the added weight of the liquid treatment agent, so the recovery rate is 99.8%.
再將該可再利用之處理劑添加於第二污染液體中，該第二污染液體含污染物之程度可與該第一污染液體相同或不同，並重複前述步驟，使可再利用之處理劑與第二污染液體中的石油碳氫污染物作用，以處理第二污染液體。Add the reusable treatment agent to the second contaminated liquid, and the second contaminated liquid may contain the same or different degree of pollutants as the first contaminated liquid, and repeat the foregoing steps to make the reusable treatment agent Interact with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the second contaminated liquid to treat the second contaminated liquid.
如此一來，在純化分離該使用後處理劑的步驟後，可獲得該可再利用之處理劑，該可再利用之處理劑可再被添加於第二污染液體中，達到回收再利用該液態處理劑以節省處理成本的效果。In this way, after the step of purifying and separating the used post-treatment agent, the reusable treatment agent can be obtained, and the reusable treatment agent can be added to the second contaminated liquid again to achieve recycling and reuse of the liquid. The effect of the treatment agent to save processing costs.
實施例Examples 55
請參閱圖4所示，實施例5與實施例4相似，使用相同的第一污染液體，其差異在於：實施例5使用的處理劑為固態處理劑，秤取5000克的固態處理劑置於一過濾裝置。該固態處理劑的添加重量為該第一污染液體重量的500%，該固態處理劑的主要成分為乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物樹脂顆粒，具有可吸附石油碳氫污染物的效果。Please refer to FIG. 4. Example 5 is similar to Example 4 and uses the same first contaminated liquid. The difference is that the treatment agent used in Example 5 is a solid treatment agent, and 5000 grams of the solid treatment agent is weighed and placed. A filtering device. The added weight of the solid processing agent is 500% of the weight of the first polluting liquid. The main component of the solid processing agent is ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin particles, which has the effect of adsorbing petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants.
使第一污染液體流經含有固態處理劑的過濾裝置，原存在於液體中的石油碳氫污染物作用會轉移吸附至固態處理劑上，故使該污染液體經處理後，得到一經處理後之液體和使用後處理劑，該使用後處理劑包含石油碳氫污染物和固態處理劑。The first contaminated liquid is caused to flow through a filtering device containing a solid processing agent, and the role of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants originally present in the liquid will be transferred and adsorbed to the solid processing agent. Therefore, after the contaminated liquid is processed, a processed Liquid and after-treatment agents that include petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants and solid-state agents.
接著，取出附著有石油碳氫污染物的固態處理劑，以離心或壓榨的方式將石油碳氫污染物自固態處理劑表面分離，獲得一可再利用之處理劑，達到純化固態處理劑的效果；另一方面，自該待分離混合物中固液分離出該經處理後之液體，該經處理後之土壤以氣相層析/火焰離子偵測法測量其中包含的石油碳氫污染物，處理後液體中TPH的濃度小於2 mg/L，故該經處理後之液體中TPH的含量低於第一污染液體中TPH的含量。Then, take out the solid processing agent with petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants attached, and separate the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants from the surface of the solid processing agent by centrifugation or squeezing to obtain a reusable processing agent to achieve the effect of purifying the solid processing agent. On the other hand, the treated liquid is separated from the solid-liquid in the mixture to be separated, and the treated soil is measured by gas chromatography / flame ion detection for petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants contained therein, and treated The concentration of TPH in the rear liquid is less than 2 mg / L, so the content of TPH in the treated liquid is lower than that in the first contaminated liquid.
該可再利用之處理劑可再添加於第二污染液體中，該第二污染液體含污染物之種類及程度可與該第一污染液體相同或不同，例如，第一污染液體可為柴油污染之液體，第二污染液體可為原油污染之液體。重複前述步驟，使可再利用之固態處理劑與第二污染液體中的石油碳氫污染物作用，以處理第二污染液體。The reusable treatment agent can be added to the second contaminated liquid. The type and extent of the second contaminated liquid can be the same or different from the first contaminated liquid. For example, the first contaminated liquid can be diesel pollution. The second contaminated liquid may be a liquid contaminated by crude oil. The foregoing steps are repeated to allow the reusable solid processing agent to interact with the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the second polluting liquid to treat the second polluting liquid.
綜合上述，本發明不僅可有效處理受污染的土壤、液體或固液混合物，並提供了回收液態處理劑及固態處理劑的方法，據此，重複使用液態或固態處理劑可減少處理污染土壤的成本，以增加處理效益。To sum up, the present invention can not only effectively treat contaminated soil, liquid or solid-liquid mixtures, but also provides a method for recovering liquid treatment agents and solid treatment agents. According to this, repeated use of liquid or solid treatment agents can reduce Cost to increase processing efficiency.
無no
圖1為本發明實施例1和2處理污染土壤的方法的步驟流程圖。 圖2為本發明實施例3處理污染土壤的方法的步驟流程圖。 圖3為本發明實施例4處理污染液體的方法的步驟流程圖。 圖4為本發明實施例5處理污染液體的方法的步驟流程圖。FIG. 1 is a flowchart of steps in a method for treating contaminated soil according to Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of steps in a method for treating contaminated soil according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of steps in a method for processing a contaminated liquid according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of steps in a method for processing a contaminated liquid according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
無no
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