TWI671995B - DC motor control unit - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種直流馬達控制裝置，包含一第一電極端、一第二電極端、一馬達開關單元，及一控制單元。該馬達開關單元包括一受驅動而切換於一第一狀態及一第二狀態間的馬達開關，該馬達開關具有一電連接一直流馬達的第一端，及一電連接該第二電極端的第二端，於該第一狀態，該第一端電連接該第二端，使該直流馬達能通電而運轉，於該第二狀態，該第一端與該第二端間呈斷路，使該直流馬達停止運轉。該控制單元電連接於該第一電極端與該第二電極端間，並控制驅動該馬達開關切換於該第一狀態及該第二狀態。藉由將該控制單元避開該直流馬達之大電流路徑設置，可以使用較小尺寸的元件實施該控制單元，因此可以縮減產品體積。A DC motor control device includes a first electrode terminal, a second electrode terminal, a motor switch unit, and a control unit. The motor switch unit includes a motor switch driven between a first state and a second state. The motor switch has a first end electrically connected to a DC motor and a first end electrically connected to the second electrode end. Two terminals, in the first state, the first terminal is electrically connected to the second terminal, so that the DC motor can be energized and run, and in the second state, the first terminal and the second terminal are disconnected, so that the The DC motor stops. The control unit is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal, and controls and drives the motor switch to switch between the first state and the second state. By setting the control unit away from the high current path setting of the DC motor, the control unit can be implemented using smaller-sized components, thus reducing the product volume.
Description
本發明是有關於一種控制裝置，特別是指一種直流馬達控制裝置。The invention relates to a control device, in particular to a DC motor control device.
圖1所示為習知一種適用於控制一馬達19的直流馬達控制電路，包括一第一端11、一第二端12、一上極限開關13、一下極限開關14、一上二極體15，及一下二極體16。該馬達19可應用於驅動一螺桿(圖未示)轉動而連動一螺帽(圖未示)。FIG. 1 shows a conventional DC motor control circuit suitable for controlling a motor 19, which includes a first terminal 11, a second terminal 12, an upper limit switch 13, a lower limit switch 14, and an upper diode 15. , And look at the diode 16. The motor 19 can be used to drive a screw (not shown) to rotate a nut (not shown).
該第一端11及該第二端12用以接收一可變換極性之直流電源，於一般使用時，電流流經該馬達19、該上極限開關13及該下極限開關14，使該馬達19隨該電源之極性而正轉或反轉並驅動該螺桿連動該螺帽上移或下移，當該螺帽受連動而到達一上極限位置時，會觸發該上極限開關13而使其斷路，此時，僅在該第二端極性為正時，電流可以經該下極限開關14、該上二極體15、該馬達19形成迴路，因此，可以限制該馬達僅能驅動該螺帽向下移動而無法再向上移動，反之，於該螺帽受連動而到達一下極限位置時，會觸發該下極限開關14而使其斷路，此時，僅在該第一端極性為正時，電流可以經該馬達19、該上極限開關13、該下二極體16形成迴路，限制該馬達19僅能驅動該螺帽向上移動而無法向下移動，如此，可以依實際需求而限定該螺帽的極限位置。The first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are used to receive a DC power source with switchable polarity. In normal use, current flows through the motor 19, the upper limit switch 13 and the lower limit switch 14, so that the motor 19 Forward or reverse with the polarity of the power supply and drive the screw to move the nut up or down. When the nut is linked and reaches an upper limit position, the upper limit switch 13 will be triggered to open the circuit. At this time, only when the polarity of the second terminal is positive, the current can form a loop through the lower limit switch 14, the upper diode 15, and the motor 19. Therefore, the motor can only be restricted to drive the nut to It can't move up but can't move up again. On the contrary, when the nut reaches the lower limit position by linkage, the lower limit switch 14 will be triggered to open the circuit. At this time, only when the first terminal polarity is positive, the current A loop can be formed through the motor 19, the upper limit switch 13, and the lower diode 16. The motor 19 can only be driven to drive the nut upward but not downward. In this way, the nut can be limited according to actual needs The extreme position.
然而，由於用以控制電流走向的該上極限開關13、該下極限開關14、該上二極體15，及該下二極體16皆位於該馬達19之大電流路徑上，導致須使用耐高電流的大尺寸元件實施，而使整體體積較大，難以符合現今電路小型化之需求。However, because the upper limit switch 13, the lower limit switch 14, the upper diode 15, and the lower diode 16 are used to control the direction of the current, all of them are located on the high current path of the motor 19, which requires the use of The implementation of high-current large-size components makes the overall volume larger, which is difficult to meet the needs of today's circuit miniaturization.
因此，本發明的目的，即在提供一種體積較小的直流馬達控制裝置。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a DC motor control device with a small volume.
於是，本發明直流馬達控制裝置，適用於控制一直流馬達，包含一第一電極端、一第二電極端、一馬達開關單元，及一控制單元。Therefore, the DC motor control device of the present invention is suitable for controlling a DC motor, and includes a first electrode terminal, a second electrode terminal, a motor switch unit, and a control unit.
該第一電極端及該第二電極端適用於相配合接收一直流電源，且該第一電極端電連接該直流馬達。The first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal are adapted to cooperate to receive a DC power source, and the first electrode terminal is electrically connected to the DC motor.
該馬達開關單元包括一受驅動而切換於一第一狀態及一第二狀態間的馬達開關，該馬達開關具有一電連接該直流馬達的第一端，及一電連接該第二電極端的第二端，於該第一狀態，該第一端電連接該第二端，使該直流馬達能通電而運轉，於該第二狀態，該第一端與該第二端間呈斷路，使該直流馬達停止運轉。The motor switch unit includes a motor switch driven between a first state and a second state. The motor switch has a first terminal electrically connected to the DC motor and a first terminal electrically connected to the second electrode terminal. Two terminals, in the first state, the first terminal is electrically connected to the second terminal, so that the DC motor can be energized and run, and in the second state, the first terminal and the second terminal are disconnected, so that the The DC motor stops.
該控制單元電連接於該第一電極端與該第二電極端間，並控制該馬達開關單元以驅動該馬達開關切換於該第一狀態及該第二狀態。The control unit is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal, and controls the motor switch unit to drive the motor switch to switch between the first state and the second state.
本發明之功效在於：藉由將該控制單元設置於該第一電極端與該第二電極端間，並避開該直流馬達之大電流路徑，可以使用較小尺寸的元件實施該控制單元，因此可以縮減產品體積，符合現今電路小型化之需求。The effect of the present invention is that by arranging the control unit between the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal, and avoiding the large current path of the DC motor, the control unit can be implemented using smaller-sized components, Therefore, the size of the product can be reduced, which meets the needs of miniaturization of current circuits.
在本發明被詳細描述前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same numbers.
參閱圖2，本發明直流馬達控制裝置之一第一實施例適用於控制一電動缸(圖未示)的一直流馬達9，並包含一電極單元2、一馬達開關單元3，及一控制單元4。Referring to FIG. 2, a first embodiment of a DC motor control device according to the present invention is suitable for controlling a DC motor 9 of an electric cylinder (not shown), and includes an electrode unit 2, a motor switch unit 3, and a control unit. 4.
該電極單元2包括一第一電極端IN1及一第二電極端IN2，該第一電極端IN1及該第二電極端IN2適用於相配合接收一直流電源，且該第一電極端IN1電連接該直流馬達9。The electrode unit 2 includes a first electrode terminal IN1 and a second electrode terminal IN2. The first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2 are suitable for receiving DC power in cooperation, and the first electrode terminal IN1 is electrically connected. The DC motor 9.
該馬達開關單元3包括一受驅動而切換於一第一狀態及一第二狀態間的馬達開關31，及一開關驅動器32。其中，該馬達開關單元3較佳為繼電器開關。The motor switch unit 3 includes a motor switch 31 that is driven to switch between a first state and a second state, and a switch driver 32. The motor switch unit 3 is preferably a relay switch.
該馬達開關31具有一電連接該直流馬達9的第一端311、一電連接該第二電極端IN2的第二端312，及一第三端313，於該第一狀態，該第一端電連接該第二端312，使該直流馬達9能通電而運轉，於該第二狀態，該第一端311與該第二端312間呈斷路，使該直流馬達9停止運轉。The motor switch 31 has a first terminal 311 electrically connected to the DC motor 9, a second terminal 312 electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2, and a third terminal 313. In the first state, the first terminal The second terminal 312 is electrically connected, so that the DC motor 9 can be energized and operated. In the second state, a disconnection occurs between the first terminal 311 and the second terminal 312 to stop the operation of the DC motor 9.
該開關驅動器32具有一第一端321，及一電連接該第二電極端IN2之第二端322，並具有一電感323。The switch driver 32 has a first terminal 321 and a second terminal 322 electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2, and has an inductor 323.
該控制單元4電連接於該第一電極端IN1與該第二電極端IN2間，並控制該馬達開關單元3以驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第一狀態及該第二狀態。該控制單元4包括一第一控制模組41，該第一控制模組41具有一第一開關411、一第一電晶體412、一第一緩衝電阻413，及一第一控制降壓電阻414。The control unit 4 is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2, and controls the motor switch unit 3 to drive the motor switch 31 to switch between the first state and the second state. The control unit 4 includes a first control module 41. The first control module 41 has a first switch 411, a first transistor 412, a first buffer resistor 413, and a first control step-down resistor 414. .
該第一開關411具有分別電連接該第一電極端IN1與該第二電極端IN2的一第一端416及一第二端417。該第一開關411切換於斷路與短路間，以控制該第一電晶體412切換於可導通與不導通狀態，於該第一電晶體412導通時，該開關驅動器32驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第一狀態，於該第一電晶體412不導通時，該開關驅動器32驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第二狀態。The first switch 411 has a first terminal 416 and a second terminal 417 electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2, respectively. The first switch 411 is switched between an open circuit and a short circuit to control the first transistor 412 to be switched on or off. When the first transistor 412 is turned on, the switch driver 32 drives the motor switch 31 to switch between In the first state, when the first transistor 412 is not conductive, the switch driver 32 drives the motor switch 31 to switch to the second state.
其中，該第一開關411可以為極限開關，並應用如微動開關、磁簧開關、光電開關、溫度開關、震動開關等元件實施，但該第一開關411亦可是受一外接的開關控制電路(圖未示)而控制，該開關控制電路可以依據電路是否過熱、該直流馬達9是否過熱、震動是否過大等需求而控制切換該第一開關411斷路或短路。The first switch 411 may be a limit switch and implemented by using components such as a micro switch, a reed switch, a photoelectric switch, a temperature switch, and a vibration switch. However, the first switch 411 may also be controlled by an external switch control circuit ( (Not shown), the switch control circuit can control the first switch 411 to open or short according to the requirements of whether the circuit is overheated, whether the DC motor 9 is overheated, or whether the vibration is too large.
該第一電晶體412具有一電連接該開關驅動器32之第一端321的第一端、一電連接該第一電極端IN1的第二端，及一電連接該第一開關411之第二端417的控制端。於本實施例中，該第一電晶體412為NPN型雙極性電晶體(bipolar junction transistor，縮寫為BJT)，且該第一端為集極(Collector)、該第二端為射極(Emitter)、該控制端為基極(Base)，然而，該第一電晶體412亦可依實際需求而使用N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，縮寫為MOSFET)，或是使用PNP型雙極性電晶體、或P型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，並依極性調整電路接線，其可依實際需求而變化所使用之元件，不以此為限。The first transistor 412 has a first terminal electrically connected to the first terminal 321 of the switch driver 32, a second terminal electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1, and a second terminal electrically connected to the first switch 411. Control terminal of terminal 417. In this embodiment, the first transistor 412 is an NPN type bipolar junction transistor (BJT), and the first terminal is a collector and the second terminal is an emitter. ). The control terminal is a base. However, the first transistor 412 may also use an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, abbreviated as MOSFET), or use PNP type bipolar transistor or P type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and adjust the circuit wiring according to the polarity, which can be changed according to the actual needs of the components used, not limited to this.
該第一緩衝電阻413兩端分別電連接該第一開關411之第二端417與該第一電晶體412之控制端。該第一控制降壓電阻414兩端分別電連接該第一開關411之第二端417與該第二電極端IN2。The two ends of the first buffer resistor 413 are electrically connected to the second terminal 417 of the first switch 411 and the control terminal of the first transistor 412, respectively. The two ends of the first control step-down resistor 414 are respectively electrically connected to the second terminal 417 of the first switch 411 and the second electrode terminal IN2.
於實際使用時，該直流電源可以是固定極性，並於該第一電極端IN1輸入負極性電壓(低電位)，而於該第二電極端IN2輸入正極性電壓(高電位)。In actual use, the DC power source may have a fixed polarity, and a negative polarity voltage (low potential) is input to the first electrode terminal IN1, and a positive polarity voltage (high potential) is input to the second electrode terminal IN2.
於該第一開關411為斷路時，該第一電晶體412之控制端電壓為高電位，使該第一電晶體412導通，電流可經該開關驅動器32、該第一電晶體412形成迴路，電流流經該電感323，使該開關驅動器32驅動該馬達開關31切換到該第一狀態，該直流馬達9可通電而運轉，並使該電動缸運作。When the first switch 411 is open, the voltage at the control terminal of the first transistor 412 is high, which makes the first transistor 412 turn on, and the current can form a loop through the switch driver 32 and the first transistor 412. A current flows through the inductor 323, so that the switch driver 32 drives the motor switch 31 to switch to the first state, the DC motor 9 can be energized to operate, and the electric cylinder is operated.
當該電動缸運作而到達一預定位置而觸發該第一開關411關閉而短路，或是外部之該開關控制電路控制該第一開關411關閉而短路時，該第一電晶體412之控制端電壓被拉低為低電位，使該第一電晶體412不導通，該電感32無電流通過，使該馬達開關31切換到該第二狀態，該直流馬達9無通電而停止運轉，該電動缸停止運作。When the electric cylinder reaches a predetermined position and triggers the first switch 411 to turn off and short circuit, or when the external switch control circuit controls the first switch 411 to turn off and short circuit, the control terminal voltage of the first transistor 412 It is pulled down to a low potential, so that the first transistor 412 is not turned on, the inductor 32 has no current passing through it, the motor switch 31 is switched to the second state, the DC motor 9 is stopped without power, and the electric cylinder is stopped. Operation.
經由以上的說明，可將本實施例的優點歸納如下：Through the above description, the advantages of this embodiment can be summarized as follows:
一、藉由將該控制單元4設置於該第一電極端IN1與該第二電極端IN2間，並避開該直流馬達9之大電流路徑，可以不需使用耐高電流的大尺寸元件實施該控制單元4，再者，由於該控制單元4僅需驅動控制該馬達開關單元3之訊號，因此所流通之電流量小，故可以使用較小尺寸的元件實施該控制單元4，能達到大幅縮減產品體積之功效，依實際製作效果，該控制單元4之體積可以小到直接設置於該電動缸內，故能符合現今電路小型化之需求。First, by placing the control unit 4 between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2 and avoiding the large current path of the DC motor 9, it can be implemented without using large size components that can withstand high current. The control unit 4, and since the control unit 4 only needs to drive and control the signal of the motor switch unit 3, the amount of current flowing is small, so the control unit 4 can be implemented using smaller-sized components, which can achieve a large The effect of reducing the volume of the product, according to the actual production effect, the volume of the control unit 4 can be as small as directly installed in the electric cylinder, so it can meet the needs of miniaturization of current circuits.
二、藉由設置該第一控制降壓電阻414及該第一緩衝電阻413，可以提供降壓緩衝以保護該第一電晶體412。2. By providing the first control step-down resistor 414 and the first buffer resistor 413, a step-down buffer can be provided to protect the first transistor 412.
參閱圖3，為本發明直流馬達控制裝置的一第二實施例，該第二實施例是類似於該第一實施例，該第二實施例與該第一實施例的差異在於：Referring to FIG. 3, a second embodiment of a DC motor control device according to the present invention is similar to the first embodiment. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment lies in:
該馬達開關31之第一端311切換於電連接該第二端312與該第三端313，於該第一狀態，該第一端311電連接該第二端312，於該第二狀態，該第一端311電連接該第三端313。The first terminal 311 of the motor switch 31 is switched to electrically connect the second terminal 312 and the third terminal 313 in the first state, and the first terminal 311 is electrically connected to the second terminal 312 in the second state. The first terminal 311 is electrically connected to the third terminal 313.
該開關驅動器32於該第一端321與該第二端322間有電流通過時，驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第一狀態，無電流時，驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第二狀態。The switch driver 32 drives the motor switch 31 to switch to the first state when a current passes between the first terminal 321 and the second terminal 322, and drives the motor switch 31 to switch to the second state when there is no current.
該控制單元4包括電連接於該第一電極端IN1與該開關驅動器32之第一端321間的該第一控制模組41，及一電連接於該第二電極端IN2與該開關驅動器32之第二端322間的第二控制模組42。The control unit 4 includes the first control module 41 electrically connected between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the first terminal 321 of the switch driver 32, and an electric connection between the second electrode terminal IN2 and the switch driver 32. A second control module 42 between the second ends 322.
該第一控制模組41還具有一第一二極體415，該第一二極體415具有一電連接該第一電極端IN1的陽極端，及一電連接該開關驅動器32之第一端321的陰極端。The first control module 41 also has a first diode 415. The first diode 415 has an anode terminal electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1, and a first terminal electrically connected to the switch driver 32. 321 cathode end.
於該第一開關411為斷路時，該第一電晶體412可導通而使電流由其第一端流到其第二端，於該第一開關411為短路時，該第一電晶體412不導通。When the first switch 411 is open, the first transistor 412 can be turned on so that current flows from its first end to its second end. When the first switch 411 is shorted, the first transistor 412 does not Continuity.
該第二控制模組42具有一第二開關421、一第二電晶體422、一第二緩衝電阻423、一第二控制降壓電阻424，及一第二二極體425。The second control module 42 includes a second switch 421, a second transistor 422, a second buffer resistor 423, a second control step-down resistor 424, and a second diode 425.
該第二開關421具有分別電連接該第二電極端IN2與該第一電極端IN1的一第一端426及一第二端427。於該第二開關421為斷路時，該第二電晶體422可導通而使電流由其第一端流到其第二端，於該第二開關421為短路時，該第二電晶體422不導通。The second switch 421 has a first terminal 426 and a second terminal 427 electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2 and the first electrode terminal IN1, respectively. When the second switch 421 is open, the second transistor 422 can be turned on so that current flows from its first end to its second end. When the second switch 421 is shorted, the second transistor 422 does not Continuity.
其中，該第二開關421同樣可以為極限開關，並應用如微動開關、磁簧開關、光電開關、溫度開關、震動開關等元件實施，或受外接的該開關控制電路控制。The second switch 421 can also be a limit switch, and is implemented by using components such as a micro switch, a magnetic reed switch, a photoelectric switch, a temperature switch, and a vibration switch, or is controlled by an external switch control circuit.
該第二電晶體422具有一電連接該開關驅動器32之第二端322的第一端、一電連接該第二電極端IN2的第二端，及一電連接該第二開關421之第二端427的控制端。於本實施例中，該第二電晶體422為NPN型雙極性電晶體，且該第一端為集極、該第二端為射極、該控制端為基極，然而，該第二電晶體422亦可依實際需求而使用N型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，或是使用PNP型雙極性電晶體、或P型金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體，並依極性調整電路接線，其可依實際需求而變化所使用之元件，不以此為限。The second transistor 422 has a first terminal electrically connected to the second terminal 322 of the switch driver 32, a second terminal electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2, and a second terminal electrically connected to the second switch 421. Control terminal of terminal 427. In this embodiment, the second transistor 422 is an NPN bipolar transistor, and the first terminal is a collector, the second terminal is an emitter, and the control terminal is a base. However, the second transistor The crystal 422 can also use an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor according to actual needs, or use a PNP type bipolar transistor or a P type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and adjust the circuit wiring according to the polarity. The components used can be changed according to actual needs, but not limited to this.
該第二緩衝電阻423兩端分別電連接該第二開關421之第二端427與該第二電晶體422之控制端。該第二控制降壓電阻424兩端分別電連接該第二開關421之第二端427與該第一電極端IN1。The two ends of the second buffer resistor 423 are electrically connected to the second terminal 427 of the second switch 421 and the control terminal of the second transistor 422, respectively. The two ends of the second control step-down resistor 424 are respectively electrically connected to the second terminal 427 of the second switch 421 and the first electrode terminal IN1.
該第二二極體425具有一電連接該第二電極端IN2的陽極端，及一電連接該開關驅動器32之第二端322的陰極端。The second diode 425 has an anode terminal electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2 and a cathode terminal electrically connected to the second terminal 322 of the switch driver 32.
該第二實施例還包含一定位開關6，該定位開關6電連接於該第一電極端IN1與該馬達開關31之第三端313間，受控制於短路及斷路間切換。該定位開關6可以為一單切開關，供使用者操作而切換，亦可為電子式開關，供外接的該開關控制電路控制切換。The second embodiment further includes a positioning switch 6 which is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the third terminal 313 of the motor switch 31 and is controlled to switch between a short circuit and an open circuit. The positioning switch 6 can be a single-cut switch, which can be switched by a user, or an electronic switch, which can be controlled by an external switch control circuit.
於實際使用時，該直流電源可以依使用者操作而切換所提供的電壓極性，以於該第一電極端IN1、該第二電極端IN2交錯輸入正極性電壓(高電位) 及負極性電壓(低電位)，舉例說明，假設當該第一電極端IN1是輸入正極性電壓(高電位)、該第二電極端IN2輸入負極性電壓(低電位)時，可使該直流馬達9正轉，而使該電動缸伸長，當該第一電極端IN1是輸入負極性電壓(低電位)、該第二電極端IN2輸入正極性電壓(高電位)時，則可使該直流馬達9反轉，而使該電動缸縮短。In actual use, the DC power source can switch the polarity of the voltage provided according to the user's operation, so that the first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2 alternately input a positive polarity voltage (high potential) and a negative polarity voltage ( Low potential). For example, suppose that when the first electrode terminal IN1 is input with a positive polarity voltage (high potential) and the second electrode terminal IN2 is input with a negative polarity voltage (low potential), the DC motor 9 can be made to rotate forward. When the electric cylinder is extended, when the first electrode terminal IN1 is input with a negative polarity voltage (low potential) and the second electrode terminal IN2 is input with a positive polarity voltage (high potential), the DC motor 9 can be reversed. This shortens the electric cylinder.
以該第一開關411及該第二開關421皆為極限開關作為說明，當使用者欲操作該直流馬達9正轉而使該電動缸伸長時，控制該電源而使該第一電極端IN1為高電位、該第二電極端IN2為低電位，此時，該第一開關411、該第二開關421為斷路，電流由該第一電極端IN1，經該第一二極體415、該開關驅動器32、該第二電晶體422流回該第二電極端IN2形成迴路，使該電感323驅動該馬達開關31切換於該第一狀態，該直流馬達9通電而正轉，該電動缸伸長。Assume that the first switch 411 and the second switch 421 are limit switches as an illustration. When a user wants to operate the DC motor 9 to rotate in a forward direction to extend the electric cylinder, the power source is controlled so that the first electrode terminal IN1 is The high potential and the second electrode terminal IN2 are low potential. At this time, the first switch 411 and the second switch 421 are disconnected, and the current flows from the first electrode terminal IN1 through the first diode 415 and the switch. The driver 32 and the second transistor 422 flow back to the second electrode terminal IN2 to form a loop, so that the inductor 323 drives the motor switch 31 to switch to the first state, the DC motor 9 is energized to rotate forward, and the electric cylinder is extended.
當該電動缸伸長到一第一預定長度時，會觸發該第二開關421而使該第二開關421短路，此時，該第二電晶體422之控制端的電壓被拉到低電位而使該第二電晶體422不導通，使上述之電路迴路形成斷路，該電感323無電流通過，而使該馬達開關31切換至該第二狀態，該直流馬達9無電流通過而停止轉動，該電動缸停止運轉，如此，可限定該電動缸之伸長長度而符合實際使用需求。When the electric cylinder is extended to a first predetermined length, the second switch 421 is triggered and the second switch 421 is short-circuited. At this time, the voltage at the control terminal of the second transistor 422 is pulled to a low potential to make the The second transistor 422 is non-conductive, causing the above-mentioned circuit circuit to form an open circuit. The inductor 323 has no current passing through it, and the motor switch 31 is switched to the second state. The DC motor 9 stops rotating without current passing through the electric cylinder. Stop the operation. In this way, the extension length of the electric cylinder can be limited to meet the actual use requirements.
同理，當使用者欲操作該直流馬達9反轉而使該電動缸縮短時，控制該電源而使該第二電極端IN2為高電位、該第一電極端IN1為低電位，此時，該第一開關411、該第二開關421為斷路，電流由該第二電極端IN2，經該第二二極體425、該開關驅動器32、該第一電晶體412流回該第一電極端IN1形成迴路，該馬達開關31切換於該第一狀態，該直流馬達9通電而反轉，該電動缸縮短。Similarly, when the user wants to operate the DC motor 9 to reverse and shorten the electric cylinder, the power source is controlled so that the second electrode terminal IN2 is at a high potential and the first electrode terminal IN1 is at a low potential. At this time, The first switch 411 and the second switch 421 are open, and current flows from the second electrode terminal IN2 to the first electrode terminal through the second diode 425, the switch driver 32, and the first transistor 412. IN1 forms a circuit, the motor switch 31 is switched to the first state, the DC motor 9 is energized and reversed, and the electric cylinder is shortened.
當該電動缸縮短到一第二預定長度時，會觸發該第一開關411而使該第一開關411短路，此時，該第一電晶體412之控制端的電壓被拉到低電位而使該第一電晶體412不導通，使上述之電路迴路形成斷路，該電感323無電流通過，使該馬達開關31切換至該第二狀態，該直流馬達9無電流通過而停止轉動，該電動缸停止運轉，如此，可限定該電動缸之縮短長度而符合實際使用需求。When the electric cylinder is shortened to a second predetermined length, the first switch 411 is triggered and the first switch 411 is short-circuited. At this time, the voltage at the control terminal of the first transistor 412 is pulled to a low potential to make the The first transistor 412 is non-conductive, causing the above-mentioned circuit loop to form an open circuit. The inductor 323 has no current passing through it, and the motor switch 31 is switched to the second state. The DC motor 9 stops rotating without current passing, and the electric cylinder stops. In this way, the shortened length of the electric cylinder can be limited to meet the actual use requirements.
當使用者要關閉該直流馬達9而不再操作時，可控制該定位開關6切換為短路，如此，可使該直流馬達9短路而呈不能轉動的自鎖狀態，使該電動缸亦被定位而無法輕易受外力拉長或壓短。When the user wants to turn off the DC motor 9 without operating it, the positioning switch 6 can be controlled to switch to a short circuit. In this way, the DC motor 9 can be short-circuited to a non-rotating self-locking state, and the electric cylinder can also be positioned. It cannot be easily stretched or shortened by external force.
如此，該第二實施例亦可達到與上述第一實施例相同的目的與功效，且還具有以下功效：In this way, the second embodiment can also achieve the same purpose and effect as the first embodiment described above, and also has the following effects:
一、藉由設置該第一控制模組41及該第二控制模組42，可以分別提供該直流馬達9於正轉反轉時之強制中止功能，能依據實際使用需求限定該電動缸之伸長及縮短長度，或是可以提供外部之該開關控制電路於設定的情況下(如過熱、達到設定的運轉時間、限定單向運轉例如僅能前進或後退等情況)強制停止該直流馬達9正轉或反轉。First, by setting the first control module 41 and the second control module 42, the forced suspension function of the DC motor 9 during forward rotation and reverse rotation can be provided respectively, and the extension of the electric cylinder can be limited according to the actual use requirements And shorten the length, or can provide the external switch control circuit under the set conditions (such as overheating, reaching the set operating time, limited unidirectional operation, such as only forward or backward, etc.) to force the DC motor 9 forward rotation Or reverse.
二、藉由設置該定位開關6，可以供使用者控制該直流馬達9進入自鎖狀態，如此，可以藉由鎖定該直流馬達9的轉動位置而固定該電動缸之位置，使該電動缸可以維持在使用者所設定的位置，因此，可以解決現有技術中，該電動缸應用滾珠螺桿時，容易因外力而輕易拉長或壓短的問題，且目前現有技術中，多是使用機構方式來固定該滾珠螺桿以避免移動，例如使用電磁開關、離合器等，但上述方式都有體積過大的問題，本實施例僅藉由設置該定位開關6即可令該直流馬達9進入自鎖狀態，因此還具有維持電路小型化之功效。Second, by setting the positioning switch 6, the user can control the DC motor 9 to enter the self-locking state. In this way, the position of the electric cylinder can be fixed by locking the rotational position of the DC motor 9, so that the electric cylinder can It is maintained at the position set by the user. Therefore, in the prior art, when the ball screw is applied to the electric cylinder, it is easy to be stretched or shortened due to external force. In the prior art, the mechanism is mostly used to The ball screw is fixed to avoid movement, for example, using an electromagnetic switch, a clutch, etc., but the above methods have a problem of excessive volume. In this embodiment, the DC motor 9 can be brought into a self-locking state only by setting the positioning switch 6. Therefore, It also has the effect of maintaining circuit miniaturization.
參閱圖4，為本發明直流馬達控制裝置的一第三實施例，該第三實施例是類似於該第二實施例，該第三實施例與該第二實施例的差異在於：Referring to FIG. 4, a third embodiment of a DC motor control device according to the present invention is similar to the second embodiment. The difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment lies in:
該第三實施例還包含一過載保護單元5，該過載保護單元5包括一第一過載保護模組51，及一第二過載保護模組52。The third embodiment further includes an overload protection unit 5. The overload protection unit 5 includes a first overload protection module 51 and a second overload protection module 52.
該第一過載保護模組51電連接於該第一電極端IN1與該直流馬達9間，偵測該直流馬達9之電流並於電流過載時控制該第一電晶體412不導通。該第一過載保護模組51包括一第一偵測元件511、一第一矽控整流器512、一第一過載降壓電阻513，及一第一穩壓電容514。The first overload protection module 51 is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the DC motor 9, detects the current of the DC motor 9 and controls the first transistor 412 not to conduct when the current is overloaded. The first overload protection module 51 includes a first detection element 511, a first silicon controlled rectifier 512, a first overload step-down resistor 513, and a first voltage stabilizing capacitor 514.
該第一偵測元件511電連接於該第一電極端IN1與該直流馬達9間，偵測該直流馬達9之電流並輸出一第一控制訊號，並具有一第一偵測電阻515，該第一偵測電阻515包括一電連接該第一電極端IN1的第一端，及一電連接該直流馬達9的第二端。The first detection element 511 is electrically connected between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the DC motor 9, detects the current of the DC motor 9 and outputs a first control signal, and has a first detection resistor 515. The first detection resistor 515 includes a first terminal electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1 and a second terminal electrically connected to the DC motor 9.
該第一矽控整流器512(Silicon Controlled Rectifier，縮寫為SCR)包括一電連接該第一開關411之第二端417的陽極端、一電連接該第一電極端IN1的陰極端，及一電連接該第一偵測電阻515之第二端並接收該第一控制訊號的觸發端。The first Silicon Controlled Rectifier (abbreviated as SCR) 512 includes an anode terminal electrically connected to the second terminal 417 of the first switch 411, a cathode terminal electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1, and an electrical terminal The second terminal of the first detection resistor 515 is connected to the trigger terminal for receiving the first control signal.
該第一過載降壓電阻513之兩端分別電連接該第一偵測電阻515之第二端與該第一矽控整流器512之觸發端。The two ends of the first overload step-down resistor 513 are electrically connected to the second terminal of the first detection resistor 515 and the trigger terminal of the first silicon controlled rectifier 512, respectively.
該第一穩壓電容514之兩端分別電連接該第一電極端IN1與該第一矽控整流器512之觸發端。Two ends of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor 514 are electrically connected to the first electrode terminal IN1 and the trigger terminal of the first silicon controlled rectifier 512, respectively.
該第二過載保護模組52電連接於該第二電極端IN2與該直流馬達9間，偵測該直流馬達9之電流並於電流過載時控制該第二電晶體422不導通。該第二過載保護模組52包括一第二偵測元件521、一第二矽控整流器522、一第二過載降壓電阻523，及一第二穩壓電容524。The second overload protection module 52 is electrically connected between the second electrode terminal IN2 and the DC motor 9, detects the current of the DC motor 9 and controls the second transistor 422 to be turned off when the current is overloaded. The second overload protection module 52 includes a second detection element 521, a second silicon controlled rectifier 522, a second overload step-down resistor 523, and a second voltage stabilizing capacitor 524.
該第二偵測元件521電連接於該第二電極端IN2與該直流馬達9間，偵測該直流馬達9之電流並輸出一第二控制訊號，具有一第二偵測電阻525，該第二偵測電阻525包括一電連接該第二電極端IN2的第一端，及一電連接該直流馬達9的第二端。The second detection element 521 is electrically connected between the second electrode terminal IN2 and the DC motor 9, detects the current of the DC motor 9 and outputs a second control signal, and has a second detection resistor 525. The two detecting resistors 525 include a first terminal electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2 and a second terminal electrically connected to the DC motor 9.
該第二矽控整流器522包括一電連接該第二開關421之第二端427的陽極端、一電連接該第二電極端IN2的陰極端，及一電連接該第二偵測電阻525之第二端並接收該第二控制訊號的觸發端。The second silicon controlled rectifier 522 includes an anode terminal electrically connected to the second terminal 427 of the second switch 421, a cathode terminal electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2, and an electrical terminal electrically connected to the second detection resistor 525. The second terminal also receives a trigger terminal of the second control signal.
該第二過載降壓電阻523之兩端分別電連接該第二偵測電阻525之第二端與該第二矽控整流器522之觸發端。Both ends of the second overload step-down resistor 523 are electrically connected to the second terminal of the second detection resistor 525 and the trigger terminal of the second silicon controlled rectifier 522, respectively.
該第二穩壓電容524之兩端分別電連接該第二電極端IN2與該第二矽控整流器522之觸發端。Two ends of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor 524 are electrically connected to the second electrode terminal IN2 and the trigger terminal of the second silicon controlled rectifier 522, respectively.
於實際使用時，該直流電源同樣可依使用者操作而切換於該第一電極端IN1、該第二電極端IN2交錯輸入正極性電壓(高電位)及負極性電壓(低電位)，以使該直流馬達9正轉或反轉、該電動缸伸長或縮短。In actual use, the DC power supply can also be switched between the first electrode terminal IN1 and the second electrode terminal IN2 according to the user's operation. The positive polarity voltage (high potential) and the negative polarity voltage (low potential) are alternately inputted so that The DC motor 9 rotates forward or reverse, and the electric cylinder is extended or shortened.
由於該控制單元4之作用相同於上述第二實施例，在此不再贅述。Since the function of the control unit 4 is the same as that of the second embodiment described above, it will not be repeated here.
當使用者控制該電源使該第一電極端IN1為高電位、該第二電極端IN2為低電位時，此時，電流經該第一偵測電阻515、該直流馬達9、該第二偵測電阻525形成迴路，並於該第二偵測電阻525之第二端產生一偵測電壓，當電流異常過大時，該偵測電壓會大於該第二矽控整流器522之觸發電壓，而使該第二矽控整流器522導通，如此，會將該第二電晶體422之控制端的電壓拉至低電位而使該第二電晶體422不導通，使該控制單元4之電路迴路形成斷路，該電感323無電流經過而使該馬達開關31切換至該第二狀態，該直流馬達9停止運轉，該電動缸停止運作。When the user controls the power supply to make the first electrode terminal IN1 high and the second electrode terminal IN2 low, at this time, the current passes through the first detection resistor 515, the DC motor 9, the second detection The sense resistor 525 forms a loop and generates a detection voltage at the second end of the second detection resistor 525. When the current is abnormally large, the detection voltage will be greater than the trigger voltage of the second silicon controlled rectifier 522, so that The second silicon-controlled rectifier 522 is turned on. In this way, the voltage at the control terminal of the second transistor 422 is pulled to a low level, so that the second transistor 422 is not turned on, and the circuit circuit of the control unit 4 is opened. The inductor 323 has no current passing through it to switch the motor switch 31 to the second state, the DC motor 9 is stopped, and the electric cylinder is stopped.
同理，當使用者控制該電源使該第一電極端IN1為低電位、該第二電極端IN2為高電位時，電流經該第二偵測電阻525、該直流馬達9、該第一偵測電阻515形成迴路，並於該第一偵測電阻515之第二端產生該偵測電壓，當電流異常過大時，該偵測電壓會大於該第一矽控整流器512之觸發電壓，而使該第一矽控整流器512導通，將該第一電晶體412之控制端的電壓拉至低電位而使該第一電晶體412不導通，使該控制單元4之電路迴路形成斷路，該電感323無電流經過而使該馬達開關31切換至該第二狀態，該直流馬達9停止運轉，該電動缸停止運作。Similarly, when the user controls the power supply to make the first electrode terminal IN1 low and the second electrode terminal IN2 high, current flows through the second detection resistor 525, the DC motor 9, the first detection The sense resistor 515 forms a loop and generates the detection voltage at the second end of the first detection resistor 515. When the current is abnormally large, the detection voltage will be greater than the trigger voltage of the first silicon controlled rectifier 512, so that The first silicon-controlled rectifier 512 is turned on, and the voltage of the control terminal of the first transistor 412 is pulled to a low level, so that the first transistor 412 is not turned on, and the circuit loop of the control unit 4 is opened. The inductor 323 is not connected. When the current passes, the motor switch 31 is switched to the second state, the DC motor 9 is stopped, and the electric cylinder is stopped.
如此，該第三實施例亦可達到與上述第二實施例相同的目的與功效，且還具有下列功效：In this way, the third embodiment can also achieve the same purpose and effect as the second embodiment described above, and also has the following effects:
一、藉由設置該第一過載保護模組51與該第二過載保護模組52，可以分別提供該直流馬達9於正轉反轉時之保護中止功能，避免過載時電路及該直流馬達9過熱毀損，達到過載保護與延長使用壽命之功效。1. By setting the first overload protection module 51 and the second overload protection module 52, it is possible to provide the protection suspension function of the DC motor 9 during forward and reverse rotation, respectively, to avoid the circuit and the DC motor 9 during overload. Overheating damage, to achieve the effect of overload protection and extended service life.
再者，該第一過載保護模組51與該第二過載保護模組52亦可提供極限開關之功能，此是因為當該直流馬達9驅動該電動缸到了極限位置時，該電動缸無法再繼續移動，即會導致該直流馬達9空轉而過載，該第一過載保護模組51或該第二過載保護模組52偵測到過載時即會控制該第一電晶體412或該第二電晶體422不導通而令該直流馬達9停止轉動，如此，同樣可以達到相同於極限開關之作用。Furthermore, the first overload protection module 51 and the second overload protection module 52 can also provide the function of a limit switch, because when the DC motor 9 drives the electric cylinder to the limit position, the electric cylinder can no longer be Continue to move, which will cause the DC motor 9 to idle and overload. When the first overload protection module 51 or the second overload protection module 52 detects an overload, it will control the first transistor 412 or the second power. The crystal 422 does not turn on and the DC motor 9 stops rotating. In this way, the same effect as the limit switch can be achieved.
二、藉由設置該第一矽控整流器512及該第二矽控整流器522，可以藉由矽控整流器一旦觸發即維持導通，直到重置後才能回復不導通的特性，在系統過載時，強制鎖定該第一電晶體412或該第二電晶體422不導通，使該馬達開關31切換為該第二狀態，中止該直流馬達9運轉，亦即，能以單純的元件即達成上述電路效果，故具有簡化電路、容易實施、低成本、穩定度高之功效。2. By setting the first silicon-controlled rectifier 512 and the second silicon-controlled rectifier 522, the silicon-controlled rectifier can be turned on as soon as it is triggered, and the non-conducting feature can be restored after reset. When the system is overloaded, it is forced The first transistor 412 or the second transistor 422 is locked from being turned on, so that the motor switch 31 is switched to the second state, and the operation of the DC motor 9 is suspended, that is, the above circuit effect can be achieved with simple components. Therefore, it has the functions of simplified circuit, easy implementation, low cost, and high stability.
綜上所述，本發明直流馬達控制裝置，確實能達成本發明縮減產品體積的目的，且還具有強制停止、自鎖設定，及過載保護之功效。In summary, the DC motor control device of the present invention can indeed achieve the purpose of reducing the volume of the product, and also has the effects of forced stop, self-locking setting, and overload protection.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明的實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.
2‧‧‧電極單元2‧‧‧ electrode unit
IN1‧‧‧第一電極端IN1‧‧‧First electrode terminal
IN2‧‧‧第二電極端IN2‧‧‧Second electrode terminal
3‧‧‧馬達開關單元3‧‧‧Motor switch unit
31‧‧‧馬達開關31‧‧‧Motor switch
311‧‧‧第一端311‧‧‧ the first end
312‧‧‧第二端312‧‧‧second end
313‧‧‧第三端313‧‧‧ third end
32‧‧‧開關驅動器32‧‧‧Switch driver
321‧‧‧第一端321‧‧‧ the first end
322‧‧‧第二端322‧‧‧ second end
323‧‧‧電感323‧‧‧Inductance
4‧‧‧控制單元4‧‧‧Control unit
41‧‧‧第一控制模組41‧‧‧First Control Module
411‧‧‧第一開關411‧‧‧The first switch
412‧‧‧第一電晶體412‧‧‧first transistor
413‧‧‧第一緩衝電阻413‧‧‧The first buffer resistance
414‧‧‧第一控制降壓電阻414‧‧‧First Control Buck Resistor
415‧‧‧第一二極體415‧‧‧First Diode
416‧‧‧第一端416‧‧‧ the first end
417‧‧‧第二端417‧‧‧second end
42‧‧‧第二控制模組42‧‧‧Second Control Module
421‧‧‧第二開關421‧‧‧Second switch
422‧‧‧第二電晶體422‧‧‧Second transistor
423‧‧‧第二緩衝電阻423‧‧‧Second snubber resistor
424‧‧‧第二控制降壓電阻424‧‧‧Second Control Buck Resistor
425‧‧‧第二二極體425‧‧‧Second Diode
426‧‧‧第一端426‧‧‧The first end
427‧‧‧第二端427‧‧‧ second end
5‧‧‧過載保護單元5‧‧‧ Overload protection unit
51‧‧‧第一過載保護模組51‧‧‧The first overload protection module
511‧‧‧第一偵測元件511‧‧‧first detection element
512‧‧‧第一矽控整流器512‧‧‧The first silicon controlled rectifier
513‧‧‧第一過載降壓電阻513‧‧‧First overload buck resistor
514‧‧‧第一穩壓電容514‧‧‧the first voltage stabilizing capacitor
515‧‧‧第一偵測電阻515‧‧‧first detection resistor
52‧‧‧第二過載保護模組52‧‧‧Second Overload Protection Module
521‧‧‧第二偵測元件521‧‧‧Second detection element
522‧‧‧第二矽控整流器522‧‧‧Second silicon controlled rectifier
523‧‧‧第二過載降壓電阻523‧‧‧Second Overload Buck Resistor
524‧‧‧第二穩壓電容524‧‧‧Second voltage regulator capacitor
525‧‧‧第二偵測電阻525‧‧‧Second detection resistor
6‧‧‧定位開關6‧‧‧Positioning switch
9‧‧‧直流馬達9‧‧‧DC Motor
本發明的其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是習知一種直流馬達控制電路的一電路示意圖； 圖2是本發明直流馬達控制電路的一第一實施例的一電路示意圖； 圖3是本發明直流馬達控制電路的一第二實施例的一電路示意圖；及 圖4是本發明直流馬達控制電路的一第三實施例的一電路示意圖。Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional DC motor control circuit; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a DC motor control circuit of the present invention; A circuit schematic diagram of the first embodiment; FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the DC motor control circuit of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the DC motor control circuit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW107118318A TWI671995B (en) | 2018-05-29 | 2018-05-29 | DC motor control unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW107118318A TWI671995B (en) | 2018-05-29 | 2018-05-29 | DC motor control unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI671995B true TWI671995B (en) | 2019-09-11 |
| TW202005254A TW202005254A (en) | 2020-01-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW107118318A TWI671995B (en) | 2018-05-29 | 2018-05-29 | DC motor control unit |
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| Country | Link |
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| TW (1) | TWI671995B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5977732A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-11-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for determining presence or absence of foreign object or the like caught in power-open-and-closure mechanism |
| TW539360U (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-06-21 | Jaeger Ind Co Ltd | Control device of linear transmitter applied to screw rod linear motion |
| WO2005112247A2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-24 | Fisher Dynamics Corporation | Powered remote release actuator for a seat assembly |
| TW201208244A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | Timotion Technology Co Ltd | Motor driver circuit |
| US9231453B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2016-01-05 | Azbil Corporation | Electric actuator |
-
2018
- 2018-05-29 TW TW107118318A patent/TWI671995B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5977732A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-11-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for determining presence or absence of foreign object or the like caught in power-open-and-closure mechanism |
| TW539360U (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-06-21 | Jaeger Ind Co Ltd | Control device of linear transmitter applied to screw rod linear motion |
| WO2005112247A2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-24 | Fisher Dynamics Corporation | Powered remote release actuator for a seat assembly |
| TW201208244A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | Timotion Technology Co Ltd | Motor driver circuit |
| US9231453B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2016-01-05 | Azbil Corporation | Electric actuator |
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|---|---|
| TW202005254A (en) | 2020-01-16 |
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