TWI666895B - Connection management method for mobile device group - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明提供一種行動裝置群組的連線管理方法，其中行動裝置群組包括一作為領導者的行動裝置及多個作為從者的行動裝置。連線管理方法包括：回應於來自第一基站的量測要求，領導者取得行動裝置群組的所有行動裝置對應於第一基站及第二基站的信號品質量測報告及行動裝置群組中所有從者對應於領導者的信號品質量測報告；第一基站依據來自領導者的此些信號品質量測報告決定是否進行換手；以及當第一基站決定進行換手，第一基站依據該些信號品質量測報告決定執行聯合換手程序或半換手程序，以使行動裝置群組從第一基站換手至第二基站。 The invention provides a connection management method for a group of mobile devices, wherein the group of mobile devices includes a mobile device as a leader and a plurality of mobile devices as followers. The connection management method includes: in response to a measurement request from the first base station, the leader obtains signal quality measurement reports of all mobile devices in the mobile device group corresponding to the first base station and the second base station and all of the mobile device group The follower corresponds to the signal quality measurement report of the leader; the first base station determines whether to perform handover based on these signal quality measurement reports from the leader; and when the first base station decides to perform handover, the first base station determines The signal quality measurement report decides to perform a joint handover procedure or a semi-handover procedure to make the mobile device group change hands from the first base station to the second base station.
Description
本發明是有關於一種連線管理方法，特別是關於一種基於行動裝置群組的連線管理方法。 The invention relates to a connection management method, in particular to a connection management method based on a group of mobile devices.
隨著通信技術的發展，行動裝置，例如手機、筆記型電腦、車用電腦等，在現代人生活中已然是普及的存在。裝置對裝置(device to device,D2D)通信介面可以讓多個行動裝置之間進行信息交換。此外，現在的車輛上也大多設有車用電腦，車輛之間也可以通過車輛對車輛(vehicle to vehicle,V2V)通信介面進行信息，例如路況、車流量等，交換。廣義而言，V2V也算是D2D的一種變化。 With the development of communication technology, mobile devices, such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and car computers, have become widespread in modern people's lives. A device-to-device (D2D) communication interface allows information exchange between multiple mobile devices. In addition, most current vehicles are also equipped with a vehicle computer, and vehicles can also exchange information through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication interfaces, such as road conditions and traffic volume. Broadly speaking, V2V can also be regarded as a change of D2D.
在D2D通信如此被廣泛使用的環境下，如何有效管理這類包括多個行動裝置的行動裝置群組的連線進行管理是一個重要的課題。 In an environment where D2D communication is so widely used, how to effectively manage the connection and management of such a mobile device group including multiple mobile devices is an important issue.
為了對行動裝置群組的連線進行管理，本發明揭露一種行動裝置群組的連線管理方法。 In order to manage the connection of the mobile device group, the present invention discloses a connection management method of the mobile device group.
本發明實施例係揭露一種行動裝置群組的連線管理方法，應用於一行動裝置群組，行動裝置群組包括多個行動裝置，行動裝置的其中之一被設置為一領導者模式而做為一領導者，其餘的各行動裝置被設置為一從者模式而做為一從者，領導者與各從者通過裝置對裝置連線連接，連線管理方法包括：領導者接收來自一第一基站的一量測要求；回應於量測要求，領導者取得對應於第一基站的一第一領導信號品質以及對應於一第二基站的一第二領導信號品質；領導者向從者轉傳量測要求；對於行動裝置群組中的各從者，回應於量測要求，各從者取得對應於第一基站的一第一從者信號品質、對應於第二基站的一第二從者信號品質及對應於領導者的一邊界鏈結信號品質；各從者將第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至領導者；領導者將第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至第一基站；第一基站依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質決定是否進行換手；以及當第一基站決定進行換手，第一基站依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質決定是否執行一聯合換手程序，以致使行動裝置群組從第一基站換手至第二基站。 An embodiment of the present invention discloses a connection management method of a mobile device group, which is applied to a mobile device group. The mobile device group includes multiple mobile devices. One of the mobile devices is set to a leader mode. As a leader, the remaining mobile devices are set as a follower mode and act as a follower. The leader and each follower are connected through the device to the device. The connection management method includes: the leader receives the A measurement request of a base station; in response to the measurement request, the leader obtains a first leadership signal quality corresponding to the first base station and a second leadership signal quality corresponding to a second base station; the leader turns to the follower Transmission measurement request; for each follower in the mobile device group, in response to the measurement request, each follower obtains a first follower signal quality corresponding to the first base station and a second follower corresponding to the second base station Signal quality of the leader and a boundary link signal corresponding to the leader; each follower transmits the signal quality of the first follower, the signal quality of the second follower, and the signal quality of the boundary link to the leader; the leader The first leadership signal quality, the second leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality are transmitted to the first base station; the first base station according to the first leadership signal quality, the second leadership Signal quality, first follower signal quality, second follower signal quality, and boundary link signal quality determine whether to perform a handover; and when the first base station decides to perform a handover, the first base station determines the first lead signal quality, the second The leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality determine whether to perform a joint handover procedure, so that the mobile device group changes hands from the first base station to the second base station.
本發明實施例係揭露一種行動裝置群組的連線管理方法，應用於一行動裝置群組，行動裝置群組包括多個行動裝置， 行動裝置的其中之一被設置為一領導者模式而做為一領導者，其餘的各行動裝置被設置為一從者模式而做為一從者，領導者與各從者通過裝置對裝置連線連接，連線管理方法包括：領導者接收來自一第一基站的一量測要求；回應於量測要求，領導者取得對應於第一基站的一第一領導信號品質以及對應於一第二基站的一第二領導信號品質；領導者向從者轉傳量測要求；對於行動裝置群組中的各從者，回應於量測要求，各從者取得對應於第一基站的一第一從者信號品質、對應於第二基站的一第二從者信號品質及對應於領導者的一邊界鏈結信號品質；各從者將第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至領導者；領導者將第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至第一基站；第一基站依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質決定是否進行換手；以及當第一基站決定進行換手，第一基站依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質決定是否執行一半換手程序，以致使行動裝置群組從第一基站換手至第二基站。 An embodiment of the present invention discloses a connection management method for a group of mobile devices, which is applied to a group of mobile devices. The group of mobile devices includes multiple mobile devices. One of the mobile devices is set as a leader mode as a leader, and the remaining mobile devices are set as a follower mode as a follower. The leader connects the followers to the device through the device. The method includes: the leader receives a measurement request from a first base station; and in response to the measurement request, the leader obtains a first leadership signal quality corresponding to the first base station and a second leadership signal quality corresponding to the first base station A second leader signal quality of the base station; the leader forwards the measurement request to the follower; for each follower in the mobile device group, in response to the measurement request, each follower obtains a first corresponding to the first base station Follower signal quality, a second follower signal quality corresponding to the second base station, and a boundary link signal quality corresponding to the leader; each follower combines the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary The link signal quality is transmitted to the leader; the leader transmits the first leadership signal quality, the second leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality to the first base ; The first base station decides whether to perform a handover according to the first leader signal quality, the second leader signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality; and when the first base station decides to perform a handover; Hand, the first base station determines whether to perform half of the handover procedure based on the quality of the first leadership signal, the quality of the second leadership signal, the quality of the first follower signal, and the quality of the boundary link signal, so that the mobile device group The group changed hands from the first base station to the second base station.
為了對本發明之上述及其他方面有更佳的瞭解，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式詳細說明如下： In order to have a better understanding of the above and other aspects of the present invention, the following specific examples are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
10‧‧‧通信系統 10‧‧‧Communication System
BS1‧‧‧第一基站 BS1‧‧‧First Base Station
BS2‧‧‧第二基站 BS2‧‧‧Second Base Station
MG‧‧‧行動裝置群組 MG‧‧‧Mobile Device Group
UE1~UE5‧‧‧行動裝置 UE1 ~ UE5‧‧‧ mobile devices
S202~S1620、P1~P5、Fin‧‧‧步驟 S202 ~ S1620, P1 ~ P5, Fin‧‧‧ steps
第1圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統架構的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的基於行動裝置群組的連線管理方法的流程圖。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a connection management method based on a mobile device group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的基於行動裝置群組的連線管理方法的信令示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic signaling diagram of a mobile device group-based connection management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的聯合換手程序的流程圖。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a joint handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的聯合換手程序運作示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a joint handover procedure of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的聯合換手程序的信令示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic signaling diagram of a joint handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序的流程圖。 FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a semi-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第8圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的半換手程序運作示意圖。 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a semi-swap program of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第9圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序的信令示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic signaling diagram of a semi-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第10圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序中未滿足預設條件的半模式從者的連線管理的信令示意圖。 FIG. 10 is a signalling schematic diagram of connection management of a half-mode follower that does not satisfy a preset condition in a half-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第11圖依據本發明一實施例的領導者轉換程序的流程圖。 FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a leader conversion process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的無進行換手時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。 FIG. 12 is a schematic signaling diagram of a leader transition process without a handover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第13圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第14圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的執行聯合換手程序時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。 FIG. 14 is a schematic signaling diagram of a leader transition procedure when a joint handover procedure is executed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第15圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第16圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的執行半換手程序時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。 FIG. 16 is a signalling schematic diagram of a leader transition procedure when a semi-handover procedure is executed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第17圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
請參照第1圖，第1圖繪示依據本發明一實施例的通信系統架構的示意圖。通信系統10包括一第一基站BS1、一第二基站BS2以及一行動裝置群組MG。 Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. The communication system 10 includes a first base station BS1, a second base station BS2, and a mobile device group MG.
第一基站BS1及第二基站BS2例如是長時演進技術(Long Term Evolution,LTE)中的eNB或是其他能提供通信資源的設備。 The first base station BS1 and the second base station BS2 are, for example, eNBs in Long Term Evolution (LTE) or other devices capable of providing communication resources.
行動裝置群MG包括多個行動裝置UE1~UE5。行動裝置群組中的其中一個行動裝置被設置為一領導者(leader)模式而做為一領導者，行動裝置群組中其餘的各行動裝置被設置為一從者(follower)模式而做為一從者。於本實施例中，行動裝置UE1為領導者，行動裝置UE2~UE5為從者。為方便理解，下文描述領導者時所用的符號將使用「被設置為領導者模式的行動裝置」的符號，描述從者時所用的符號將使用「被設置為從者模式的行動裝置」的符號。領導者UE1通過裝置對裝置(device to device,D2D)連線，例如PC5連線(PC5 link)，通信連接至從者UE2~UE5。從者UE2~UE5之間可相互通信連接或沒有相互通信連接。領導者UE1可通信連接至第一基站BS1及/或第二基站BS2，並接收來自第一基站BS1及/或第二基站BS2的信息或指令，再轉 傳給從者UE2~UE5。從者UE2~UE5可以與第一基站BS1及第二基站BS2通信連接或不直接與第一基站BS1及第二基站BS2通信連接。換言之，行動裝置群組MG是以領導者UE1為代表與第一基站BS1及/或第二基站BS2進行溝通，而從者UE2~UE5則可接收來自領導者UE1轉傳的信息或指令以執行對應的動作。 The mobile device group MG includes a plurality of mobile devices UE1 to UE5. One of the mobile devices in the mobile device group is set to a leader mode as a leader, and the remaining mobile devices in the mobile device group are set to a follower mode as a follower A follower. In this embodiment, the mobile device UE1 is a leader, and the mobile devices UE2 to UE5 are slaves. In order to facilitate understanding, the symbols used in the description of the leader below will use the symbol of "mobile device set as the leader mode", and the symbols used in the description of followers will use the symbol of "mobile device set as the follower mode" . The leader UE1 is connected to the slave UE2 to UE5 through a device to device (D2D) connection, such as a PC5 link (PC5 link). Slave UE2 ~ UE5 can communicate with each other or not. The leader UE1 may be communicatively connected to the first base station BS1 and / or the second base station BS2, and receive information or instructions from the first base station BS1 and / or the second base station BS2, and then transfer Pass to the followers UE2 ~ UE5. The slaves UE2 to UE5 may be communicatively connected to the first base station BS1 and the second base station BS2 or not directly connected to the first base station BS1 and the second base station BS2. In other words, the mobile device group MG uses the leader UE1 as a representative to communicate with the first base station BS1 and / or the second base station BS2, and the slaves UE2 to UE5 can receive the information or instructions transmitted from the leader UE1 for execution. Corresponding action.
在本實施例中，第一基站BS1可持有一裝置對裝置資訊(D2D information)，裝置對裝置資訊的內容包括行動裝置群組MG中所有的行動裝置的裝置編號、領導者的裝置編號以及裝置對裝置資源分布等(D2D resource allocation)。領導者UE1可識別從者UE2~UE5，例如領導者UE1可持有從者UE2~UE5的裝置編號及/或其他相關資訊。各從者UE2~UE5可識別領導者UE1，例如持有領導者UE1的裝置編號。而從者UE2~UE5之間則可以相互識別或無法互相識別。 In this embodiment, the first base station BS1 may hold device-to-device information (D2D information), and the content of the device-to-device information includes the device numbers of all mobile devices in the mobile device group MG, the device numbers of the leader, and Device-to-device resource allocation, etc. (D2D resource allocation). The leader UE1 may identify the followers UE2 to UE5. For example, the leader UE1 may hold the device numbers and / or other related information of the followers UE2 to UE5. Each of the followers UE2 to UE5 can identify the leader UE1, for example, the device number holding the leader UE1. The followers UE2 to UE5 can recognize each other or cannot identify each other.
本實施例中的行動裝置UE1~UE5可例如是手機、筆記型電腦、平板電腦，個人數位助理等可攜式計算裝置，也可例如是車用電腦、車上裝置(on board unit,OBU)等車輛用計算裝置或晶片。當行動裝置UE1~UE5為車輛用計算裝置或晶片時，行動裝置UE1~UE5之間則可通過車輛對車輛(vehicle to vehicle,V2V)連線進行通線連接。為簡化敘述，以下皆以裝置對裝置(D2D)連線為例進行說明，但實際應用時亦可採用車輛對車輛(V2V)連線。 The mobile devices UE1 to UE5 in this embodiment may be, for example, portable computing devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, personal digital assistants, etc., or may be, for example, a computer for an automobile or an on board unit (OBU). Computing devices or chips for vehicles. When the mobile devices UE1 to UE5 are vehicle computing devices or chips, the mobile devices UE1 to UE5 can be connected via a vehicle to vehicle (V2V) connection. To simplify the description, the following uses device-to-device (D2D) connection as an example, but in practical applications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connection can also be used.
請參照第2圖，第2圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的基於行動裝置群組的連線管理方法的流程圖。為了更清楚地說明，請同 時參照第3圖繪示的依據本發明一實施例的基於行動裝置群組的連線管理方法的信令示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a connection management method based on a mobile device group according to an embodiment of the present invention. To make it clearer, please Referring to FIG. 3, a schematic signaling diagram of a mobile device group-based connection management method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
步驟S202，領導者UE1接收來自第一基站BS1的一量測要求(measurement control)。在本實施例中，第一基站BS1可以週期性地傳送量測要求，以掌握行動裝置群組MG的狀態。 In step S202, the leader UE1 receives a measurement control from the first base station BS1. In this embodiment, the first base station BS1 may periodically transmit a measurement request to grasp the status of the mobile device group MG.
步驟204，回應於量測要求，領導者UE1取得對應於第一基站BS1的一第一領導信號品質以及對應於第二基站BS2的一第二領導信號品質。舉例來說，領導者UE1可通過量測從第一基站BS1所傳送的參考信號的參考信號接收功率(reference signal receiving power,RSRP)或參考信號的參考信號接收品質(reference signal receiving quality,RSRQ)，以取得第一領導信號品質。相似地，第二領導信號品質也可以通過領導者UE1量測來自第二基站BS2的參考信號而取得。第一領導信號品質較高代表領導者UE1與第一基站BS1之間的連線狀況較佳；反之，第一領導信號品質較低代表領導者UE1與第一基站BS1之間的連線狀況較差。第二領導信號品質亦類似。 Step 204: In response to the measurement request, the leader UE1 obtains a first leadership signal quality corresponding to the first base station BS1 and a second leadership signal quality corresponding to the second base station BS2. For example, the leader UE1 may measure a reference signal receiving power (RSRP) or a reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ) of a reference signal transmitted from the first base station BS1. To get the first leadership signal quality. Similarly, the quality of the second leadership signal can also be obtained by measuring the reference signal from the second base station BS2 by the leader UE1. Higher quality of the first leadership signal indicates better connection between the leader UE1 and the first base station BS1; conversely, lower quality of the first leadership signal indicates poor connection between the leader UE1 and the first base station BS1 . The quality of the second leadership signal is similar.
步驟S206，領導者UE1向從者UE2~UE5轉傳量測要求。 In step S206, the leader UE1 forwards the measurement request to the followers UE2 ~ UE5.
步驟S208，對於行動裝置群組MG中的各從者UE2~UE5，回應於量測要求，各從者UE2~UE5取得對應於第一基站BS1的一第一從者信號品質、對應於第二基站BS2的一第二從者信號品質及對應於領導者UE1的一邊界鏈結信號品質。在本實施例中，從者UE2~UE5可能未與第一基站BS1及/或第二基站BS2建立直接連線。然而，在一些情況下，例如第一基站BS1與第二基站BS2以廣播的方式發送參考信號，第一從者信號品質與第二從者信號品質仍可由各從者 UE2~UE5分別通過量測來自第一基站BS1與第二基站BS2的參考信號而取得。邊界鏈結信號品質可由各從者UE2~UE5量測來自領導者UE1的參考信號而取得。上述「量測參考信號」指的是量測參考信號的參數例如RSRP或RSRQ等。 Step S208: For each of the slaves UE2 to UE5 in the mobile device group MG, in response to the measurement request, each of the slaves UE2 to UE5 obtains a first slave signal quality corresponding to the first base station BS1 and a second slave signal quality corresponding to the second base station BS1. A second follower signal quality of the base station BS2 and a boundary link signal quality corresponding to the leader UE1. In this embodiment, the slaves UE2 to UE5 may not establish a direct connection with the first base station BS1 and / or the second base station BS2. However, in some cases, for example, the first base station BS1 and the second base station BS2 send reference signals in a broadcast manner, the signal quality of the first follower and the signal quality of the second follower can still be determined by each follower. UE2 to UE5 are respectively obtained by measuring reference signals from the first base station BS1 and the second base station BS2. The quality of the boundary link signal can be obtained by measuring the reference signal from the leader UE1 by each of the followers UE2 to UE5. The “measurement reference signal” refers to a parameter of the measurement reference signal, such as RSRP or RSRQ.
步驟S210，各從者UE2~UE5將第一從者信號品質、第二從者信號品質及邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至領導者UE1。 In step S210, each of the followers UE2 to UE5 transmits the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality to the leader UE1.
步驟S212，領導者UE1將第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、此些第一從者信號品質、此些第二從者信號品質及此些邊界鏈結信號品質傳送至第一基站BS1。第一領導信號品質及第一從者信號品質可視為行動裝置群組MG中所有行動裝置UE1~UE5對應於第一基站BS1的信號品質量測報告。第二領導信號品質及第二從者信號品質可視為行動裝置群組MG中所有行動裝置UE1~UE5對應於第二基站BS2的信號品質量測報告。邊界鏈結信號品質可視為行動裝置群組MG中的所有從者UE2~UE5對應於領導者UE1的信號品質量測報告。 In step S212, the leader UE1 transmits the first leadership signal quality, the second leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality to the first base station BS1. . The first leader signal quality and the first follower signal quality can be regarded as the signal quality measurement reports of all the mobile devices UE1 to UE5 in the mobile device group MG corresponding to the first base station BS1. The second leader signal quality and the second follower signal quality can be regarded as the signal quality measurement reports of all the mobile devices UE1 to UE5 in the mobile device group MG corresponding to the second base station BS2. The boundary link signal quality can be regarded as a signal quality measurement report of all the followers UE2 to UE5 in the mobile device group MG corresponding to the leader UE1.
步驟S214，第一基站BS1依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、此些第一從者信號品質、此些第二從者信號品質及此些邊界鏈結信號品質決定是否進行換手(handover)。本揭露所述的「換手」指的是提供通信服務的責任的移轉。例如，行動裝置群組MG從第一基站BS1換手至第二基站BS2代表的是，換手前由第一基站BS1提供通信服務(例如裝置對裝置的通信資源)給行動裝置群組MG，換手後則由第二基站BS2提供通信服務給行動裝置群組MG。 Step S214, the first base station BS1 decides whether to perform a handover according to the first leadership signal quality, the second leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, the second follower signal quality, and the boundary link signal quality. (handover). The "hand change" mentioned in this disclosure refers to the transfer of responsibility for providing communication services. For example, the handover of the mobile device group MG from the first base station BS1 to the second base station BS2 represents that before the handover, the first base station BS1 provides communication services (such as device-to-device communication resources) to the mobile device group MG, Afterwards, the second base station BS2 provides communication services to the mobile device group MG.
步驟S216，當第一基站BS1決定進行換手，第一基站BS1依據第一領導信號品質、第二領導信號品質、此些第一從者信號品質、 此些第二從者信號品質及此些邊界鏈結信號品質決定執行一聯合換手(joint handover)程序或一半換手(half handover)程序，以致使行動裝置群組MG從第一基站BS1換手至第二基站BS2。 In step S216, when the first base station BS1 decides to perform a handover, the first base station BS1 determines the first leadership signal quality, the second leadership signal quality, the first follower signal quality, The quality of the second follower signals and the quality of the boundary link signals decide to execute a joint handover procedure or a half handover procedure, so that the mobile device group MG changes from the first base station BS1 Hand to the second base station BS2.
在本實施例中，當領導者UE1與第一基站BS1之間的信號品質不良，且領導者UE1與第二基站BS2之間的信號品質良好時，第一基站BS1可決定要執行換手。例如表1所示，當第一領導信號品質小於一第一閥值，且第二領導信號品質大於或等於一第二閥值時，第一基站BS1可決定要執行換手。 In this embodiment, when the signal quality between the leader UE1 and the first base station BS1 is poor and the signal quality between the leader UE1 and the second base station BS2 is good, the first base station BS1 may decide to perform a handover. For example, as shown in Table 1, when the quality of the first leadership signal is less than a first threshold and the quality of the second leadership signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the first base station BS1 may decide to perform a handover.
當第一基站BS1決定要執行換手時，第一基站BS1可依據表2所示的條件決定要執行聯合換手程序或半換手程序。 When the first base station BS1 decides to perform a handover, the first base station BS1 may decide to perform a joint handover procedure or a semi-handover procedure according to the conditions shown in Table 2.
上述第一閥值、第二閥值、第三閥值、第四閥值及第五閥值可以相同或不相同，且可依據需要而進行設定。 The first threshold value, the second threshold value, the third threshold value, the fourth threshold value, and the fifth threshold value may be the same or different, and may be set according to needs.
當執行聯合換手程序，第一基站BS1會指示領導者UE1帶領從者UE2~UE5以行動裝置群組MG為單位，集體換手至第二基站BS2。 When the joint handover procedure is performed, the first base station BS1 instructs the leader UE1 to lead the followers UE2 to UE5 to collectively change hands to the second base station BS2 in units of the mobile device group MG.
當滿足條件1觸發執行半換手程序時，具有大於或等於第四閥值的第一從者信號品質及小於第五閥值的邊界鏈結信號品質的從者進入一半模式(half mode)而被設定為半模式從者。當滿足條件2觸發執行半換手程序時，具有小於第三閥值的第二從者信號品質及大於或等於第四閥值的第一從者信號品質的從者進入半模式而被設定為 半模式從者。半模式從者會定期量測與領導者間的一半模式從者邊界鏈結信號品質，以確認與領導者之間的連線狀況。半模式從者可通過量測來自領導者的參考信號的RSRP或RSRQ以取得半模式從者邊界鏈結信號品質。下文將對聯合換手程序及半換手程序進一步說明。 When condition 1 is triggered to trigger a half-handover procedure, a slave with a first follower signal quality greater than or equal to the fourth threshold and a boundary link signal quality less than the fifth threshold enters half mode and Set to half mode follower. When condition 2 is triggered to trigger a semi-handover procedure, a slave with a second follower signal quality less than a third threshold and a first follower signal quality greater than or equal to a fourth threshold enters half mode and is set to Half mode follower. The half-mode follower regularly measures the signal quality of the half-mode follower link with the leader to confirm the connection with the leader. The half-mode follower can measure the RSRP or RSRQ of the reference signal from the leader to obtain the signal quality of the half-mode follower link. The joint and semi-swap procedures are explained further below.
請參照第4圖，繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的聯合換手程序的流程圖。為方便理解，請同時參照第5圖所示的依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的聯合換手程序運作示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 4, which illustrates a flowchart of a joint handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to facilitate understanding, please also refer to the operation schematic diagram of the joint handover procedure of the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 5.
步驟S402，在接收來自第一基站BS1的換手命令(handover command)後，領導者UE1例如以一請求信號通知從者UE2~UE5進行換手。 In step S402, after receiving a handover command from the first base station BS1, the leader UE1 notifies the slaves UE2 to UE5 to perform a handover, for example, with a request signal.
步驟S404，從者UE2~UE5例如以一確認信號回覆領導者UE1確認進行換手。 In step S404, the slaves UE2 to UE5 reply to the leader UE1 with a confirmation signal to confirm the handover, for example.
步驟S406，領導者UE1與第二基站BS2建立連線。連線建立後，領導者UE1可從第二基站BS2取得一裝置對裝置資源分布，並將裝置對裝置資源分布發送給從者UE2~UE5。此裝置對裝置資源分布包括相關於由第二基站BS2提供的裝置對裝置通信資源的相關資訊例如使用的頻率。 In step S406, the leader UE1 establishes a connection with the second base station BS2. After the connection is established, the leader UE1 can obtain a device-to-device resource distribution from the second base station BS2 and send the device-to-device resource distribution to the slaves UE2 to UE5. This device-to-device resource distribution includes related information, such as frequency used, related to device-to-device communication resources provided by the second base station BS2.
步驟S408，第二基站BS2更新對應於行動裝置群組MG的裝置對裝置資訊。此裝置對裝置資訊包括換手後的相關資訊例如行動裝置群組MG中的行動裝置的裝置編號、領導者的裝置編號、行動裝置群組MG所使用的裝置對裝置資源。 In step S408, the second base station BS2 updates the device-to-device information corresponding to the mobile device group MG. The device-to-device information includes related information after the handover, such as the device number of the mobile device in the mobile device group MG, the device number of the leader, and the device-to-device resources used by the mobile device group MG.
請參照第6圖，第6圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的聯合換手程序的信令示意圖。本實施例是以LTE為示例性的系統架構，並非用以限制本發明。 Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of signaling of a joint handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses LTE as an exemplary system architecture, and is not intended to limit the present invention.
當第一基站BS1決定執行聯合換手程序後，第一基站BS1會發送換手請求至第二基站BS2(步驟S601)。換手請求中可包括換手類型(本實施例為聯合換手)、行動裝置群組MG的所有行動裝置UE1~UE5的裝置編號及領導者UE1的裝置編號等。收到換手請求後，第二基站BS2會與行動管理實體(mobile management entity,MME)及鄰近服務(proximity service,ProSe)功能執行進入控制(admission control)並準備裝置對裝置通信資源(步驟S602)。接著，第二基站BS2回覆第一基站BS1換手確認(步驟S603)。第一基站BS1發送一換手命令(handover command)至領導者UE1(步驟S604)。領導者UE1向從者UE2~UE5發送(例如群組廣播)一裝置對裝置直接通信請求(步驟S605)。從者UE2~UE5回覆領導者UE1一裝置對裝置直接通信確認(步驟S606)。領導者UE1與第二基站BS2建立連線，包括免競爭隨機存取通道(content~free RACH)連接(步驟S607a)及完成無線電資源控制層(radio resource control,RRC)重新設置(步驟S607b)。第二基站BS2向MME發送路徑切換(path switch)請求(步驟S608)。第二基站BS2與MME更新裝置對裝置資訊(步驟S609)。MME與用戶閘道(user gateway)執行數個步驟以進行路徑切換，包括修改承載(bearer)請求(步驟S611)、切換路徑(步驟S611)及回覆修改承載(步驟S612)。MME通知第二基站BS2路徑切換完成(步驟S613)。第二基站BS2通知第一基站 BS1釋放用戶上下文(user context)(步驟S614)。第一基站BS1釋放用戶上下文(Fin)後，聯合換手程序完成。 After the first base station BS1 decides to execute the joint handover procedure, the first base station BS1 sends a handover request to the second base station BS2 (step S601). The handover request may include a handover type (in this embodiment, a joint handover), a device number of all mobile devices UE1 to UE5 of the mobile device group MG, and a device number of the leader UE1. After receiving the handover request, the second base station BS2 will perform admission control with mobile management entity (MME) and proximity service (ProSe) functions and prepare device-to-device communication resources (step S602 ). Next, the second base station BS2 responds to the first base station BS1 to confirm the handover (step S603). The first base station BS1 sends a handover command to the leader UE1 (step S604). The leader UE1 sends (for example, a group broadcast) a device-to-device direct communication request to the slaves UE2 to UE5 (step S605). The slaves UE2 to UE5 reply to the leader UE1 one device-to-device direct communication confirmation (step S606). The leader UE1 establishes a connection with the second base station BS2, including contention-free random access channel (content ~ free RACH) connection (step S607a) and completing radio resource control (RRC) reset (step S607b). The second base station BS2 sends a path switch (path switch) request to the MME (step S608). The second base station BS2 and the MME update the device-to-device information (step S609). The MME and the user gateway perform several steps to perform path switching, including a bearer modification request (step S611), a path switching (step S611), and a reply to modify the bearer (step S612). The MME notifies the second base station BS2 that the path switching is completed (step S613). The second base station BS2 notifies the first base station BS1 releases the user context (step S614). After the first base station BS1 releases the user context (Fin), the joint handover procedure is completed.
請參照第7圖，第7圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序的流程圖。為方便理解，請同時參照第8圖繪示的依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的半換手程序運作示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 7, which illustrates a flowchart of a semi-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. For ease of understanding, please refer to FIG. 8 and also refer to the schematic diagram of the semi-swap procedure of the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
步驟S702，領導者UE1通知從者UE2~UE5進行換手。在本實施例中，如第8圖所示，從者UE4、UE5例如因距離領導者UE1較遠，導致與領導者UE1之間的信號品質不良，而進入半模式(即被設置為半模式從者)。 In step S702, the leader UE1 notifies the slaves UE2 to UE5 to perform a handover. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the slave UE4 and UE5 enter the half mode (that is, set to the half mode) because the signal quality between the slave UE4 and UE5 is poor due to the distance from the leader UE1. Follower).
步驟S704，未進入半模式的從者UE2、UE3回覆領導者UE1確認進行換手。 In step S704, the slaves UE2 and UE3 that have not entered the half mode reply to the leader UE1 to confirm the handover.
步驟S706，各半模式從者UE4、UE5進入一量測階段。於量測階段期間，半模式從者UE4、UE5會定期地量測來自領導者UE1的參考信號(例如量測參考信號的RSRP或RSRQ)，以取得多個半從者邊界鏈結信號品質。通過半從者邊界鏈結信號品質，半模式從者UE4、UE5可得知與領導者之間的信號品質是否有好轉。 In step S706, each of the half-mode slaves UE4 and UE5 enters a measurement phase. During the measurement phase, the half-mode followers UE4 and UE5 periodically measure the reference signal from the leader UE1 (such as RSRP or RSRQ for measuring the reference signal) to obtain multiple semi-slave boundary link signal quality. Through the semi-slave boundary link signal quality, the semi-mode followers UE4 and UE5 can know whether the signal quality with the leader has improved.
步驟S708，領導者UE1與第二基站BS2建立連線。連線建立後，領導者UE1可從第二基站BS2取得裝置對裝置資源分布，並將裝置對裝置資源分布發送給未進入半模式的從者UE2、UE3。此外，領導者UE1可保留預定要提供給半模式從者UE4、UE5的裝置對裝置資源分布。 In step S708, the leader UE1 establishes a connection with the second base station BS2. After the connection is established, the leader UE1 can obtain the device-to-device resource distribution from the second base station BS2 and send the device-to-device resource distribution to the slaves UE2 and UE3 that have not entered the half mode. In addition, the leader UE1 may reserve the device-to-device resource distribution that is intended to be provided to the half-mode followers UE4, UE5.
步驟S710，半模式從者UE4、UE5依據量測階段所得的一量測階段結果判斷是否滿足一預設條件。當半模式從者邊界鏈結信號品質大於或等於一第六閥值達一預設時間以上時，半模式從者 判斷滿足預設條件。滿足預設條件代表的是半模式從者與領導者之間的信號品質好轉，且維持達預設時間以上(亦即可視為良好且穩定)。於本實施例中，假設半模式從者UE4有滿足預設條件，半模式從者UE5未滿足預設條件。 In step S710, the half-mode followers UE4 and UE5 determine whether a preset condition is satisfied according to a measurement stage result obtained during the measurement stage. When the signal quality of the boundary of the half-mode follower is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold for more than a preset time, the half-mode follower Judge that the preset conditions are met. Satisfying the preset conditions represents that the signal quality between the half-mode follower and the leader has improved and maintained for more than a preset time (that is, it can be regarded as good and stable). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the half-mode slave UE4 satisfies the preset condition, and the half-mode slave UE5 does not meet the preset condition.
步驟S712，半模式從者UE4於滿足預設條件時通知領導者UE1進行換手，且領導者UE1回覆滿足預設條件的半模式從者UE4確認進行換手。此外，領導者UE1可將保留的裝置對裝置資源分布發送給滿足預設條件的半模式從者UE4，且半模式從者UE4亦可離開半模式。 In step S712, the half-mode follower UE4 notifies the leader UE1 to perform a handover when the preset conditions are met, and the leader UE1 responds to the half-mode follower UE4 that meets the preset conditions to confirm the handover. In addition, the leader UE1 may send the reserved device-to-device resource distribution to a half-mode slave UE4 that meets a preset condition, and the half-mode slave UE4 may leave the half-mode.
步驟S714，第二基站BS2更新對應於行動裝置群組MG的裝置對裝置資訊。 In step S714, the second base station BS2 updates the device-to-device information corresponding to the mobile device group MG.
此外，未滿足預設條件的半模式從者UE5會被領導者UE1從行動裝置群組MG中釋放。領導者UE1在釋放半模式從者UE5之前，可先轉傳來自第一基站BS1的換手命令至半模式從者UE5，致使半模式從者UE5在離開行動裝置群組MG後可從第一基站BS1取得一通信資源。 In addition, the semi-mode slave UE5 that does not meet the preset conditions will be released from the mobile device group MG by the leader UE1. The leader UE1 may forward the handover command from the first base station BS1 to the half-mode follower UE5 before releasing the half-mode follower UE5, so that the half-mode follower UE5 can move from the first after leaving the mobile device group MG. The base station BS1 obtains a communication resource.
請參照第9圖，第9圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序的信令示意圖。本實施例是以LTE為示例性的系統架構，並非用以限制本發明。另外，未進入半模式的從者UE2、UE3的動作與執行聯合換手程序時類似，故以下僅針對進入半模式的從者(即半模式從者)進行說明。 Please refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic diagram of signaling of a semi-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses LTE as an exemplary system architecture, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the actions of the slaves UE2 and UE3 that have not entered the half mode are similar to those when the joint handover procedure is performed. Therefore, only the slaves that enter the half mode (ie, the half mode slaves) will be described below.
當第一基站BS1決定執行半換手程序後，第一基站BS1會發送換手請求至第二基站BS2(步驟S901)。收到換手請求後，第二基 站BS2會與MME及ProSe功能執行進入控制(步驟S902)。接著，第二基站BS2回覆第一基站BS1換手確認(步驟S903)。第一基站BS1發送一換手命令至領導者UE1(步驟S904)。領導者UE1向從者UE2~UE5發送(例如群組廣播)一裝置對裝置直接通信請求(步驟S905)。半模式從者UE4、UE5進入量測階段(P1)。領導者UE1與第二基站BS2建立連線(步驟S906a、S906b)。第二基站BS2向MME發送路徑切換請求(步驟S907)。MME與用戶閘道(user gateway)執行數個步驟以進行路徑切換，包括修改承載請求(步驟S908)、切換路徑(步驟S909)及回覆修改承載(步驟S910)。MME通知第二基站BS2路徑切換完成(步驟S911)。在這段期間，半模式從者UE4、UE5判斷是否符合預設條件(P2)。假設半模式從者UE4滿足預設條件，半模式從者UE5未滿足預設條件。滿足預設條件的半模式從者UE4向領導者UE1發送一裝置對裝置直接通信請求(步驟S912)。領導者UE1將此裝置對裝置直接通信請求轉傳至第二基站BS2(步驟S913)。接著，第二基站BS2向MME請求更新裝置對裝置資訊(步驟S914)後，第二基站BS2與MME準備裝置對裝置通信資源並更新裝置對裝置資訊(步驟915)。MME回覆第二基站BS2確認更新裝置對裝置資訊請求(步驟S916)。第二基站BS2回覆領導者UE1確認裝置對裝置直接通信請求(步驟S917)。領導者UE1向半模式從者UE4發送確認裝置對裝置直接通信請求(步驟S918)。第二基站BS2通知第一基站BS1釋放用戶上下文(步驟S919)。第一基站BS1釋放用戶上下文(Fin)後，半換手程序完成。 After the first base station BS1 decides to execute the semi-handover procedure, the first base station BS1 sends a handover request to the second base station BS2 (step S901). After receiving a request to change hands, the second base The station BS2 performs entry control with the MME and ProSe functions (step S902). Next, the second base station BS2 responds to the first base station BS1 to confirm the handover (step S903). The first base station BS1 sends a handover command to the leader UE1 (step S904). The leader UE1 sends (for example, a group broadcast) a device-to-device direct communication request to the slaves UE2 to UE5 (step S905). The half-mode followers UE4 and UE5 enter the measurement phase (P1). The leader UE1 establishes a connection with the second base station BS2 (steps S906a, S906b). The second base station BS2 sends a path switching request to the MME (step S907). The MME and the user gateway perform several steps to perform path switching, including modifying a bearer request (step S908), switching paths (step S909), and responding to modifying a bearer (step S910). The MME notifies the second base station BS2 that the path switching is completed (step S911). During this period, the half-mode followers UE4 and UE5 determine whether they meet the preset conditions (P2). It is assumed that the half-mode slave UE4 meets the preset condition, and the half-mode slave UE5 does not meet the preset condition. The half-mode slave UE4 that meets the preset conditions sends a device-to-device direct communication request to the leader UE1 (step S912). The leader UE1 forwards the device-to-device direct communication request to the second base station BS2 (step S913). Next, after the second base station BS2 requests the MME to update the device-to-device information (step S914), the second base station BS2 and the MME prepare the device-to-device communication resources and update the device-to-device information (step 915). The MME responds to the second base station BS2 to confirm the update device-to-device information request (step S916). The second base station BS2 responds to the leader UE1 to confirm the device-to-device direct communication request (step S917). The leader UE1 sends a confirmation device-to-device direct communication request to the half-mode slave UE4 (step S918). The second base station BS2 notifies the first base station BS1 to release the user context (step S919). After the first base station BS1 releases the user context (Fin), the semi-handover procedure is completed.
請參照第10圖，第10圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的半換手程序中未滿足預設條件的半模式從者的連線管理的信令示意圖。本實施例例如可用以處理前述實施例中未滿足預設條件的半模式從者的連線管理。 Please refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of signaling for connection management of a half-mode follower that does not satisfy a preset condition in a half-handover procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment may be used, for example, to handle connection management of a half-mode follower that does not satisfy a preset condition in the foregoing embodiment.
領導者接收來自第一基站BS1的換手命令(步驟S1001)，並將換手命令轉傳至半模式從者UE5(步驟S1002)。此時，領導者UE1可將半模式從者從行動裝置群組MG釋放，半模式從者UE5可做為獨立的行動裝置與第一基站BS1建立連線(步驟S1003a、S1003b)，而從第一基站BS1取得通信資源。第一基站BS1與MME執行數個步驟以更新裝置對裝置資訊，包括第一基站BS1向MME發送更新裝置對裝置資訊請求(步驟S1004)、第一基站BS1與MME更新裝置對裝置間資訊(步驟S1005)及MME向第一基站BS1發送更新裝置對裝置間資訊確認(步驟S1006)。 The leader receives a handover command from the first base station BS1 (step S1001), and forwards the handover command to the half-mode slave UE5 (step S1002). At this time, the leader UE1 can release the half-mode slave from the mobile device group MG, and the half-mode slave UE5 can act as an independent mobile device to establish a connection with the first base station BS1 (steps S1003a, S1003b), and from the first A base station BS1 obtains communication resources. The first base station BS1 and the MME perform several steps to update device-to-device information, including the first base station BS1 sending an update device-to-device information request to the MME (step S1004), and the first base station BS1 and MME update device-to-device information (step S1005) and the MME sends an update device confirmation to the inter-device information to the first base station BS1 (step S1006).
在其他實施例中，在第一基站BS1決定不進行換手的情況下，行動裝置也可以因裝置對裝置間的信號品質不良或用戶選擇而致使行動裝置脫離行動裝置群組。此種情況下，脫離行動裝置群組的行動裝置可與當前可提供最佳信號品質的基站建立連線(並不限定於第一基站B1及第二基站BS2)。 In other embodiments, when the first base station BS1 decides not to perform a handover, the mobile device may also cause the mobile device to leave the mobile device group due to the poor signal quality between the devices or the user selection. In this case, the mobile device leaving the mobile device group can establish a connection with a base station that currently provides the best signal quality (not limited to the first base station B1 and the second base station BS2).
在一實施例中，當領導者與第一基站BS1之間的信號品質不良(例如第一領導信號品質小於第一閥值)，領導者與第二基站BS2之間的信號品質也不良(例如第二領導信號品質小於第二閥值)時，可執行一領導者轉換程序。換言之，在這種實施例中，基於行動 裝置群組的連線管理方法可進一步包括以下步驟(例如於步驟S214及S216之間)：依據第一領導信號品質決定是否執行領導者轉換程序；當決定執行領導者轉換程序時，執行領導者轉換程序。通過執行領導者轉換程序，可讓與第一基站BS1有較好信號品質的行動裝置來擔當領導者，原本的領導者則降為從者。領導者轉換程序的細節將於下文詳述。 In an embodiment, when the signal quality between the leader and the first base station BS1 is poor (for example, the first leadership signal quality is less than the first threshold), the signal quality between the leader and the second base station BS2 is also poor (for example, When the quality of the second leadership signal is less than the second threshold), a leader conversion procedure may be performed. In other words, in this embodiment, based on actions The connection management method of the device group may further include the following steps (for example, between steps S214 and S216): determining whether to execute the leader transition procedure according to the first leadership signal quality; when determining to execute the leader transition procedure, execute the leader Conversion procedure. By executing the leader conversion procedure, a mobile device having better signal quality with the first base station BS1 can be used as a leader, and the original leader is reduced to a follower. Details of the leader transition process are detailed below.
請參照第11圖，第11圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的領導者轉換程序的流程圖。為方便理解，請同時參照第1圖。領導者轉換程序可由第一基站BS1發起或領導者UE1向第一基站BS1提出請求。 Please refer to FIG. 11, which illustrates a flowchart of a leader conversion process according to an embodiment of the present invention. For easy understanding, please also refer to Figure 1. The leader transfer procedure may be initiated by the first base station BS1 or the leader UE1 may make a request to the first base station BS1.
步驟S1102，第一基站BS1依據第一從者信號品質從此些從者UE2~UE5中選擇至少一候選者。第一基站BS1可例如選擇具有較高第一從者信號品質的從者做為候選者。 In step S1102, the first base station BS1 selects at least one candidate from the slaves UE2 to UE5 according to the signal quality of the first slave. The first base station BS1 may, for example, select a slave having a higher first slave signal quality as a candidate.
步驟S1104，各候選者對其餘的行動裝置進行邊界鏈結通道量測，以取得一候選邊界鏈結量測報告，並將候選邊界鏈結量測報告傳送給領導者UE1。舉例來說，假設從者UE2、UE3被選為候選者。候選者UE2可發送參考信號至行動裝置UE1、UE3~UE5以取得行動裝置UE1、UE3~UE5量測參考信號所得的RSRP或RSRQ做為候選邊界鏈結量測報告；候選者UE3可發送參考信號至行動裝置UE1~UE2、UE4~UE5以取得行動裝置UE1~UE2、UE4~UE5量測參考信號所得的RSRP或RSRQ做為候選邊界鏈結量測報告。候選邊界鏈結量測報告可代表候選者與其他行動裝置之間的信號品質。 In step S1104, each candidate performs boundary link channel measurement on the remaining mobile devices to obtain a candidate boundary link measurement report, and transmits the candidate boundary link measurement report to the leader UE1. For example, assume that the slaves UE2 and UE3 are selected as candidates. Candidate UE2 can send reference signals to mobile devices UE1, UE3 ~ UE5 to obtain RSRP or RSRQ obtained by measuring reference signals of mobile devices UE1, UE3 ~ UE5 as candidate boundary link measurement reports; candidate UE3 can send reference signals To the mobile devices UE1 ~ UE2, UE4 ~ UE5, and obtain the RSRP or RSRQ obtained by measuring the reference signals of the mobile devices UE1 ~ UE2, UE4 ~ UE5 as the candidate boundary link measurement report. The candidate boundary link measurement report can represent the signal quality between the candidate and other mobile devices.
步驟S1106，由第一基站BS1或領導者UE1依據候選邊界鏈結量測報告從候選者中選出一繼任者，並由領導者UE1將繼任者的選擇結果(例如繼任者的裝置編號)發送給從者UE2~UE5。舉例來 說，第一基站BS1或領導者UE1可選擇與其他行動裝置具有較佳/最佳的信號品質的候選者做為繼任者。本實施例中，假設繼任者為行動裝置UE3。 Step S1106, the first base station BS1 or the leader UE1 selects a successor from the candidates according to the candidate boundary link measurement report, and the leader UE1 sends the selection result of the successor (for example, the device number of the successor) to Slave UE2 ~ UE5. For example That is, the first base station BS1 or the leader UE1 may select a candidate having a better / best signal quality with other mobile devices as a successor. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the successor is the mobile device UE3.
步驟S1108，領導者UE1被設置為從者模式而做為從者，被選為繼任者的行動裝置UE3被設置為領導者模式而做為領導者。 In step S1108, the leader UE1 is set to the slave mode as the slave, and the mobile device UE3 selected as the successor is set to the leader mode as the leader.
請參照第12圖，第12圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的無進行換手時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。本實施例是以LTE做為示例性的系統架構，並非用以限定本發明。為方便理解，請同時參照第13圖繪示的依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 12. FIG. 12 is a schematic signaling diagram of a leader transition process without a handover according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses LTE as an exemplary system architecture, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In order to facilitate understanding, please refer to FIG. 13 at the same time as the operation schematic diagram of the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在第一基站BS1做出換手決定(本實施例為不進行換手)後，第一基站BS1向領導者發送換手命令(步驟S1204)。換手命令中可包括領導者轉換指示、候選者的裝置編號等。以當前領導者為行動裝置UE1，候選者為行動裝置UE2、UE3為例，領導者UE1向從者UE2~UE5發送PC5量測控制通知(步驟S1205a)。候選者UE2、UE3向自身以外的行動裝置發送參考信號以取得候選邊界鏈結量測報告(步驟S1205b)。此些參考信號可通過實體邊界鏈結共享通道(Physical Sidelink Shared Channel,PSSCH)或實體邊界鏈結控制通道(Physical Sidelink Control Channel,PSCCH)傳送。候選者UE2、UE3將取得的候選邊界鏈結量測報告傳送給領導者UE1(步驟S1205c)。由領導者UE1或第一基站BS1(或共同)選出繼任者(P3)。領導者UE1將繼任者的裝置編號發送至從者UE2~UE5(步驟S1206)。接著，當前的領導者UE1被設置為從者模式，繼任者(本實施例為行動裝置UE3)被設置為領導者模式。新的領導者UE3與第一基站BS1建立連線(步驟S1207a、S1207b)。 第一基站BS1與MME執行數個步驟以更新裝置對裝置資訊，包括第一基站BS1向MME發送更新裝置對裝置資訊請求(步驟S1208)、第一基站BS1與MME更新裝置對裝置間資訊(步驟S1209)及MME向第一基站BS1發送更新裝置對裝置間資訊確認(步驟S1210)。 After the first base station BS1 makes a handover decision (in this embodiment, no handover is performed), the first base station BS1 sends a handover command to the leader (step S1204). The handover command may include a leader transition instruction, a candidate device number, and the like. Taking the current leader as the mobile device UE1 and the candidate as the mobile device UE2 and UE3 as an example, the leader UE1 sends a PC5 measurement control notification to the followers UE2 to UE5 (step S1205a). The candidates UE2 and UE3 send reference signals to mobile devices other than themselves to obtain candidate boundary link measurement reports (step S1205b). These reference signals can be transmitted through a physical side link shared channel (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel, PSSCH) or a physical side link control channel (Physical Sidelink Control Channel, PSCCH). The candidates UE2 and UE3 transmit the obtained candidate boundary link measurement report to the leader UE1 (step S1205c). A successor (P3) is selected by the leader UE1 or the first base station BS1 (or collectively). The leader UE1 sends the device number of the successor to the slaves UE2 to UE5 (step S1206). Then, the current leader UE1 is set to the slave mode, and the successor (mobile device UE3 in this embodiment) is set to the leader mode. The new leader UE3 establishes a connection with the first base station BS1 (steps S1207a, S1207b). The first base station BS1 and the MME perform several steps to update device-to-device information, including the first base station BS1 sending an update device-to-device information request to the MME (step S1208), and the first base station BS1 and MME update device-to-device information (step S1209) and the MME sends an update device confirmation to the inter-device information to the first base station BS1 (step S1210).
請參照第14圖，第14圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的執行聯合換手程序時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。本實施例是以LTE做為示例性的系統架構，並非用以限定本發明。為方便理解，請同時參照第15圖繪示的依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of signaling of a leader transition procedure when a joint handover procedure is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses LTE as an exemplary system architecture, and is not intended to limit the present invention. For ease of understanding, please refer to FIG. 15 at the same time, which is a schematic diagram of the operation of the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在第一基站BS1決定進行換手後，第一基站BS1向第二基站BS2發送換手請求(步驟S1401)。第二基站BS2、MME與ProSe功能執行進入控制(步驟S1402)。第二基站BS2回覆第一基站BS1換手請求確認(步驟S1403)。第一基站BS1向領導者UE1發送換手命令(步驟S1404)。接著，領導者UE1向從者UE2~UE5發送量測控制通知(步驟S1405a)。候選者UE2、UE3進行量測並將候選邊界鏈結量測報告傳送給領導者UE1(步驟S1405b、S1405c)。領導者UE1及/或第一基站BS1依據邊界鏈結量測報告選出繼任者並決定換手類型(P4)。進行換手類型的判斷時，第一基站BS1是將繼任者UE3提供的各種信號品質報告視為領導者所提供，並將當前的領導者UE1提供的各種信號品質報告視為從者所提供。第一基站BS1會將所決定換手類型(本實施例為聯合換手)通知當前領導者UE1。當前的領導者UE1將繼任者的裝置編號及換手類型通知從者UE2~UE5(步驟S1406)。繼任者UE3被設置為領導者模式而成為領導者，且當前的領導者UE1被設置為從者模式而成為從者。新的領導者UE3與第二基站BS2建立連線(步驟S1407a、S1407b)。 第二基站BS2向MME發送路徑切換請求(步驟S1408)。第二基站BS2與MME準備裝置對裝置資源並更新裝置對裝置資訊(步驟S1409)。裝置對裝置資訊更新的部分包括新的領導者UE3的裝置編號、行動裝置群組MG中的行動裝置的裝置編號及裝置對裝置資源分布等。第二基站BS2發送裝置對裝置資源分布至領導者UE3(步驟S1415)，領導者UE3再將裝置對裝置資源分布發送給UE1~UE2、UE4~UE5(步驟S1416)。另一方面，MME、ProSe功能及用戶閘道執行數個步驟以完成路徑切換包括修改承載請求(步驟S1410)、切換路徑(步驟S1411)及回覆修改承載(步驟S1412)。MME通知第二基站BS2路徑切換完成(步驟S911)。路徑切換完成後，MME通知第二基站BS2路徑切換請求確認(步驟S1413)。第二基站BS2通知第一基站BS1釋放用戶上下文(步驟S1414)。在第一基站BS1釋放用戶上下文(Fin)後，聯合換手程序完成。 After the first base station BS1 decides to perform a handover, the first base station BS1 sends a handover request to the second base station BS2 (step S1401). The functions of the second base station BS2, MME and ProSe perform entry control (step S1402). The second base station BS2 responds to the first base station BS1 with a handover request confirmation (step S1403). The first base station BS1 sends a handover command to the leader UE1 (step S1404). Next, the leader UE1 sends a measurement control notification to the slaves UE2 to UE5 (step S1405a). The candidates UE2 and UE3 perform measurement and transmit the candidate boundary link measurement report to the leader UE1 (steps S1405b, S1405c). The leader UE1 and / or the first base station BS1 selects a successor based on the boundary link measurement report and decides a handover type (P4). When determining the type of handover, the first base station BS1 regards various signal quality reports provided by the successor UE3 as provided by the leader, and regards various signal quality reports provided by the current leader UE1 as provided by the follower. The first base station BS1 will notify the current leader UE1 of the determined handover type (in this embodiment, a joint handover). The current leader UE1 notifies the followers UE2 to UE5 of the successor's device number and handover type (step S1406). The successor UE3 is set to a leader mode to become a leader, and the current leader UE1 is set to a slave mode to become a follower. The new leader UE3 establishes a connection with the second base station BS2 (steps S1407a, S1407b). The second base station BS2 sends a path switching request to the MME (step S1408). The second base station BS2 and the MME prepare device-to-device resources and update device-to-device information (step S1409). The part of the device-to-device information update includes the device number of the new leader UE3, the device number of the mobile devices in the mobile device group MG, and the device-to-device resource distribution. The second base station BS2 sends the device-to-device resource distribution to the leader UE3 (step S1415), and the leader UE3 sends the device-to-device resource distribution to UE1 ~ UE2, UE4 ~ UE5 (step S1416). On the other hand, the MME, ProSe function, and user gateway perform several steps to complete the path switching, including modifying the bearer request (step S1410), switching the path (step S1411), and replying to modify the bearer (step S1412). The MME notifies the second base station BS2 that the path switching is completed (step S911). After the path switching is completed, the MME notifies the second base station BS2 of the path switching request confirmation (step S1413). The second base station BS2 notifies the first base station BS1 to release the user context (step S1414). After the first base station BS1 releases the user context (Fin), the joint handover procedure is completed.
請參照第16圖，第16圖繪示的是依據本發明一實施例的執行半換手程序時的領導者轉換程序的信令示意圖。本實施例是以LTE做為示例性的系統架構，並非用以限定本發明。為方便理解，請同時參照第17圖繪示的依據本發明一實施例的通信系統的運作示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 16. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a signaling process of a leader conversion procedure when a semi-handover procedure is executed according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment uses LTE as an exemplary system architecture, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In order to facilitate understanding, please refer to FIG. 17 for the operation diagram of the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
本實施例的信令流程與未執行領導者轉換程序的實施例相似，差別在於領導者UE1在收到來自第一基站BS1的換手命令(步驟S1604)後，會先通知從者UE2~UE5進行行動裝置群組MG內的邊界鏈結信號品質量測(步驟S1605a)，以使獲得候選者的候選邊界鏈結量測報告(步驟S1605b、S1605c)。第一基站BS1及/或領導者UE1依據候選邊界鏈結量測報告選出繼任者並決定換手類型(P5)。當前的領導者UE1將繼任者的裝置編號通知從者UE2~UE5(步驟S1606)後，繼任者 UE3被設置為領導者模式而程為領導者，當前的領導者UE1被設置為從者模式而成為從者。後續的半換手程序與前文所述類似，但改以行動裝置UE3為領導者進行。 The signaling flow in this embodiment is similar to the embodiment in which the leader transition procedure is not performed, except that the leader UE1 will notify the followers UE2 to UE5 after receiving a handover command from the first base station BS1 (step S1604). The boundary link signal quality measurement in the mobile device group MG is performed (step S1605a) so as to obtain a candidate candidate boundary link measurement report (steps S1605b, S1605c). The first base station BS1 and / or the leader UE1 selects a successor according to the candidate boundary link measurement report and decides a handover type (P5). After the current leader UE1 notifies the followers UE2 to UE5 of the device number of the successor (step S1606), the successor UE3 is set to the leader mode and Cheng is the leader. The current leader UE1 is set to the slave mode and becomes the slave. The subsequent semi-handover procedure is similar to that described above, but it is performed with the mobile device UE3 as the leader.
上述各實施例中所述的「建立連線」可包括兩個步驟(例如第6圖中的S607a、S607b)：建立免競爭隨機存取通道(contention-free RACH)及無線電資源控制連接設置完成(RRC connection configuration complete)。其他實施例對應的圖式亦類似，故不加贅述。 The “establishing a connection” described in the above embodiments may include two steps (for example, S607a and S607b in FIG. 6): establishing a contention-free RACH and setting up a radio resource control connection (RRC connection configuration complete). The drawings corresponding to the other embodiments are similar, so they will not be repeated here.
在一些實施例中，被設置為從者模式的行動裝置會處在一無線電資源控制被動(radio resource control inactive,RRC inactive)的狀態下。處在此狀態下的行動裝置不會主動取得無線電資源，而是聽從領導者的指示。然而，處在此狀態下的行動裝置仍可以接收來自第一基站BS1或第二基站BS2的參考信號，並量測信號品質，並將量測的結果保留。 In some embodiments, the mobile device set to the slave mode is in a radio resource control inactive (RRC inactive) state. Mobile devices in this state will not actively acquire radio resources, but will obey the instructions of the leader. However, the mobile device in this state can still receive the reference signal from the first base station BS1 or the second base station BS2, and measure the signal quality, and retain the measurement result.
總結來說，依據本發明的多種實施例，當執行聯合換手程序時，可由領導者帶領從者將行動裝置群組中的其他行動裝置從第一基站換手至第二基站；當執行半換手時，可由領導者帶領未脫離行動裝置群組的其他行動裝置從第一基站換手至第二基站。不僅可以節省信令的交換量，進而節省通信資源的使用量，也能夠縮短多個行動裝置換手的時間。此外，當領導者的信號品質不良時，可由第一基站或領導者發起要求進行領導者轉換，領導者轉換之後由信號品質良好的從者成為新的領導者，以避免發生領導者與基站間的信號品質不良而中斷連線的情況。 In summary, according to various embodiments of the present invention, when a joint handover procedure is performed, a leader can lead a follower to change other mobile devices in the mobile device group from the first base station to the second base station; When changing hands, the leader may lead other mobile devices that have not left the mobile device group to change hands from the first base station to the second base station. Not only can save the amount of signaling exchange, and then save the use of communication resources, but also reduce the time required for multiple mobile devices to change hands. In addition, when the signal quality of the leader is poor, the first base station or the leader can initiate a request for leader transition. After the leader transition, the follower with a good signal quality becomes the new leader to avoid the occurrence between the leader and the base station. Of poor signal quality and disconnection.
綜上所述，雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明。本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾。因此，本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
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