TWI666536B - A system and a method for managing equitable water supply in a water distribution network - Google Patents
A system and a method for managing equitable water supply in a water distribution network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI666536B TWI666536B TW107103069A TW107103069A TWI666536B TW I666536 B TWI666536 B TW I666536B TW 107103069 A TW107103069 A TW 107103069A TW 107103069 A TW107103069 A TW 107103069A TW I666536 B TWI666536 B TW I666536B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pressure value
- supply
- nodes
- water distribution
- Prior art date
Links
Abstract
在此揭示的是在配水管網中達成公平給水之系統及方法。決定供應目標水體積給配水管網之節點所需的目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間，以辨識配水管網中的實際壓力值。比較實際和目標壓力值以決定壓力值的偏差。最後，供應控制閥的角度依據壓力值的偏差來變化，藉此準確供應所需水量給配水管網中的一或更多個節點。本方法使用併入跨越配水管網的壓力和需求之間關聯的梯列控制架構來幫助同時控制需求和壓力。Disclosed here is a system and method for achieving a fair water supply in a water distribution network. Determine the target pressure value and target supply duration required to supply the target water volume to the nodes of the distribution network to identify the actual pressure value in the distribution network. Compare actual and target pressure values to determine deviations in pressure values. Finally, the angle of the supply control valve changes according to the deviation of the pressure value, thereby accurately supplying the required amount of water to one or more nodes in the water distribution pipe network. This method uses a ladder control architecture that incorporates an association between pressure and demand across the distribution network to help control demand and pressure simultaneously.
Description
[0001] 本標的一般而言關於水管理，更特別而言但非排外的關於在配水管網中管理公平給水之系統及方法。[0001] This standard is generally related to water management, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a system and method for managing fair water supply in a water distribution network.
[0002] 配水系統(water distribution system，WDS)共同地是指用於將水從其來源供應到使用點的設施。WDS的目的是以適當的質、量和壓力而將水傳遞給在使用點的消費者。WDS應能夠以足夠的壓力落差來供應水給所有意欲的使用點，並且正在供應的水質不應在分配管路中惡化。 [0003] 既有的WDS使用習用的控制策略來控制配水管網中之水流的質、量和壓力。既有WDS的一個主要目的是併入回饋控制機構以管理輸配水中的洩漏和/或浪費。但由於不當解釋了在使用點的水需求程度和水壓程度之間的相依性，故習用的控制機構在可靠且正確的控制WDS上不是很有效率。 [0004] 而且，存在著不公平給水的問題，其中配水管網裡的某些地區計量範圍(district metered area，DMA)得到多於所需的給水，而同一配水管網的某些其他DMA則被供應了小於所需的需求。不公平給水的問題在習用的控制策略中常常被忽略，導致無效率的配水。所以，需要有效率的WDS，其考慮不公平給水的問題並且準確供應所需水量給DMA。[0002] A water distribution system (WDS) collectively refers to a facility for supplying water from its source to a point of use. The purpose of WDS is to deliver water to consumers at the point of use with the proper quality, quantity, and pressure. WDS should be able to supply water to all intended use points with sufficient pressure drop, and the quality of the water being supplied should not deteriorate in the distribution pipeline. [0003] Existing WDS uses conventional control strategies to control the quality, quantity, and pressure of water flow in the distribution network. A major purpose of the existing WDS is to incorporate feedback control mechanisms to manage leaks and / or waste in the distribution water. However, due to improper interpretation of the dependence between the degree of water demand and the degree of water pressure at the point of use, the conventional control mechanism is not very efficient in controlling the WDS reliably and correctly. [0004] Moreover, there is a problem of unfair water supply, in which some district metered areas (DMA) in the water distribution network get more than the required water supply, and some other DMAs in the same water distribution network Was supplied less than required. The problem of unfair water supply is often overlooked in conventional control strategies, resulting in inefficient water distribution. Therefore, there is a need for an efficient WDS that considers the problem of unfair water supply and accurately supplies the required amount of water to the DMA.
[0005] 在此揭示的是在配水管網中管理公平給水的方法。方法包括由配水管理系統基於一或更多個供應參數來決定供應目標水體積給配水管網之一或更多個節點所需的目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間。在決定目標壓力值之時，方法包括以預定時間間隔來辨識正在供應給一或更多個節點之水的實際壓力值。進一步而言，方法包括比較實際壓力值與目標壓力值以辨識偏差壓力值。最後，方法包括基於辨識的偏差壓力值來變化關聯於一或更多個節點之供應控制閥的角度，以在配水管網中管理公平給水。 [0006] 進一步而言，本揭示關於在配水管網中管理公平給水的配水管理系統。配水管理系統包括處理器和通訊耦合於處理器的記憶體。記憶體儲存處理器可執行的指令，其在執行時使處理器基於一或更多個供應參數來決定供應目標水體積給配水管網之一或更多個節點所需的目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間。在決定目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間之時，配水管理系統以預定時間間隔來辨識正在供應給一或更多個節點之水的實際壓力值。進一步而言，配水管理系統比較實際壓力值與目標壓力值以辨識偏差壓力值。最後，配水管理系統基於辨識的偏差壓力值來變化關聯於一或更多個節點之供應控制閥的角度，以在配水管網中管理公平給水。 [0007] 前面的[發明內容]僅是示例性的，並且不打算以任何方式而為限制性的。除了上述示例性的方面、具體態樣和特徵，進一步的方面、具體態樣和特徵將參考圖式和以下的[實施方式]而變得明顯。[0005] Disclosed herein is a method for managing fair water supply in a distribution network. The method includes determining, by the water distribution management system, a target pressure value and a target supply duration required to supply a target water volume to one or more nodes of the water distribution network based on one or more supply parameters. In determining the target pressure value, the method includes identifying the actual pressure value of water being supplied to one or more nodes at predetermined time intervals. Further, the method includes comparing the actual pressure value with the target pressure value to identify the deviation pressure value. Finally, the method includes changing the angle of the supply control valve associated with one or more nodes based on the identified deviation pressure value to manage fair water supply in the distribution network. [0006] Further, the present disclosure relates to a water distribution management system that manages fair water supply in a water distribution network. The water distribution management system includes a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and when executed, causes the processor to determine a target pressure value and a target required to supply a target water volume to one or more nodes of the distribution network based on one or more supply parameters Supply duration. When determining the target pressure value and the target supply duration, the water distribution management system identifies the actual pressure value of the water being supplied to one or more nodes at predetermined time intervals. Further, the water distribution management system compares the actual pressure value with the target pressure value to identify the deviation pressure value. Finally, the water distribution management system changes the angle of the supply control valve associated with one or more nodes based on the identified deviation pressure value to manage the fair water supply in the water distribution network. [0007] The foregoing [Summary of the Invention] is only exemplary and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the exemplary aspects, specific aspects, and features described above, further aspects, specific aspects, and features will become apparent with reference to the drawings and the following [Embodiments].
[0010] 於本文件，「範例性」(exemplary)一詞在此用於意謂「作為範例、例子或示範」。本標的在此描述成「範例性」的任何具體態樣或實施例未必要解讀成被偏好的或優於其他的具體態樣。 [0011] 雖然本揭示容易有多樣的修改和替代選擇形式，不過圖式已經以舉例方式來顯示其特定的具體態樣，並且下面將詳述之。然而，應了解不打算將本揭示限制於揭示的特殊形式；相反而言，本揭示是要涵蓋落於本揭示之精神和範圍裡的所有修改、等同者和替代選項。 [0012] 「包括」、「包含」或任何其他變化等用語打算涵蓋非排外性的囊括，使得包括一列組件或步驟的設備、裝置或方法不僅包括那些組件或步驟，而是可以包括未明確列於或固有於此種設備、裝置或方法的其他組件或步驟。換言之，系統或設備中的一或更多個元件之前接著「包括……某」乃不排除系統或方法中存在了其他元件或額外元件，而無更多的限制。 [0013] 本揭示關於在配水管網中管理公平給水的方法和配水管理系統。本揭示的一個主要目的是要解決跨越配水管網中之一或更多個節點的不公平給水問題。在不公平給水期間，一或更多個節點得到的水量供應高於或低於在該一或更多個節點的實際需求。 [0014] 進一步而言，本揭示關於將水的需求值模型化成為配水管網中水壓程度之函數的方法。在配水管網之需求和壓力值的控制乃使用控制策略而達成，其使用壓力驅動的需求模型來監視和幫助達成公平給水。壓力驅動的模型也說明了在配水管網中的一或更多個節點之節點需求對於水壓程度的相依性。 [0015] 於具體態樣，公平給水至配水管網的一或更多個節點可以藉由以下而達成：將目標需求設定為公平供應，以及在控制策略中併入壓力驅動的需求模型，以於配水管網的配水上達成正確且可靠的控制。 [0016] 於本揭示以下之具體態樣的詳述，參考了伴隨圖式，其形成了本詳述的一部分，並且圖中以示例方式顯示了當中可以實施本揭示的特定具體態樣。這些具體態樣以足夠的細節來描述以使熟於此技術者能實施本揭示，並且要了解可以利用其他具體態樣以及可以做出改變，而不偏離本揭示的範圍。以下敘述因而不是要視為有限制的意圖。 [0017] 圖1顯示依據本揭示之某些具體態樣的範例性環境以在配水管網中管理公平給水。 [0018] 據此，環境100可以包括水源101，其儲存水以經由分配控制器102而供應給一或更多個供應區，亦即，供應區1 1081 到供應區2 1082 (統稱為供應區108)。於實施例，分配控制器102可以是關聯於配水管網的運算裝置或外部伺服器，其控制經過配水管網的水流。於具體態樣，水源101可以是水處理工廠。於具體態樣，一或更多個供應區108可以分成一或更多個節點。舉例來說，一或更多個供應區108的每一者可以代表局部所在，例如地區計量範圍(DMA)；並且供應區108裡的一或更多個節點可以是家庭連接和其他端點，其需要和使用來自水源101的水。於具體態樣，來自水源101的水可以經由配水管道而供應給一或更多個供應區108。 [0019] 於具體態樣，由分配控制器102配水給一或更多個供應區108可以受到關聯於一或更多個供應區108中之每一者的一或更多個供應控制器107所控制。於實施例，一或更多個供應控制器107可以是通用的運算系統，其建構成與分配控制器102通訊以局部監視和控制跨越一或更多個供應區108的水流。供應控制器107可以基於一或更多個供應區108的壓力值和水流感應器資料而負責控制在一或更多個供應區108之供應控制閥的角度。然而，一或更多個供應控制器107不負責公平供應水給一或更多個供應區108中的一或更多個節點。 [0020] 於具體態樣，為了在一或更多個供應區108達成公平給水，配水管理系統105可以建構在配水管網中。於實施例，配水管理系統105可以建構有分配控制器102，如環境100所示，但不限於此。配水管理系統105可以建立壓力驅動的需求模型以在一或更多個供應區108達成公平給水。 [0021] 於具體態樣，配水管理系統105可以是梯列控制架構，其能夠併入跨越配水管網的壓力和需求之間的關聯。梯列控制架構(配水管理系統105)會幫助建立同時控制跨越配水管網的需求和壓力。起初，配水管理系統105可以基於一或更多個供應參數來決定供應目標水體積給配水管網之一或更多個節點所需的目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間。舉例來說，一或更多個供應參數可以包括而不限於一或更多個供應區108的節點數目、在一或更多個節點的消耗水量、以及跨越一或更多個節點的非營收水(non-revenue water；NRW)量。於具體態樣，跨越一或更多個節點的目標供應持續時間數值可以基於在一或更多個節點的需求而動態決定。舉例而言，如果需求為高，則目標供應持續時間數值會較高。在決定目標壓力值之時，配水管理系統105可以經由供應控制器107而採取預定時間間隔來辨識正在供應給一或更多個節點之水的實際壓力值。舉例來說，預定時間間隔可以是1小時。於一具體態樣，在開始給水後計算1小時。於實施例，可以藉由跨越配水管網中一或更多個節點之每一者來配置一或更多個壓力偵測感應器，而決定在配水管網的實際壓力值。 [0022] 進一步而言，配水管理系統105可以比較實際壓力值與目標壓力值，以辨識正在供應給一或更多個供應區108之水的實際壓力偏差。在辨識實際壓力值的偏差之時，配水管理系統105與分配控制器102通訊，以基於辨識的偏差壓力值213來變化關聯於一或更多個供應區108之供應控制閥的角度，藉此在配水管網中管理公平給水。於具體態樣，供應控制閥的角度可以直接與給水壓力成正比。亦即增加供應控制閥的角度會導致水流增加，且因此增加了正在供應的水壓。據此，當辨識的偏差壓力值213是正的時，配水管理系統105可以指示分配控制器102增加供應控制閥的角度。亦即當實際壓力值小於目標壓力值時，供應控制閥的角度可以被增加。 [0023] 圖2A顯示詳細方塊圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣的配水管理系統以在配水管網中管理公平給水。 [0024] 於具體態樣，配水管理系統105可以包括輸入/輸出(input/output，I/O)介面201、處理器203、及記憶體205。I/O介面201可以建構成與分配控制器102通訊以變化供應控制閥的角度。記憶體205可以通訊耦合於處理器203。處理器203可以建構成進行配水管理系統105的一或更多個功能以在配水管網中管理公平給水。於一實施例，配水管理系統105可以進一步包括資料209和模組207以依據本揭示之具體態樣來進行多樣的操作。於具體態樣，資料209可以儲存在記憶體205裡，並且可以包括而不限於一或更多個供應參數211、偏差壓力值213和其他資料215。 [0010] In this document, the term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "as an example, instance, or demonstration." Any specific aspect or embodiment of the subject matter described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other specific aspects. [0011] Although this disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms of selection, the drawings have shown their specific specific aspects by way of example, and will be described in detail below. However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not intended to be limited to a particular form of disclosure; rather, this disclosure is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. [0012] The terms "including,""including," or any other variation are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions such that a device, apparatus, or method that includes a list of components or steps includes not only those components or steps, but may include unspecified lists Other components or steps inherent in or inherent to such equipment, device or method. In other words, one or more elements in a system or device followed by "including ..." does not exclude the presence of other elements or additional elements in the system or method without further restrictions. [0013] The present disclosure relates to a method and a water distribution management system for managing fair water supply in a water distribution network. One of the main objectives of this disclosure is to solve the problem of unfair water supply across one or more nodes in a distribution network. During the period of unfair water supply, the water supply obtained by one or more nodes is higher or lower than the actual demand at the one or more nodes. [0014] Further, the present disclosure relates to a method for modeling the demand value of water as a function of the degree of water pressure in a water distribution network. Control of demand and pressure values in the distribution network is achieved using control strategies, which use a pressure-driven demand model to monitor and help achieve a fair water supply. The pressure-driven model also illustrates the dependence of the node requirements of one or more nodes on the degree of water pressure in the distribution network. [0015] In a specific aspect, one or more nodes of the fair water supply to the distribution network can be achieved by setting the target demand to a fair supply and incorporating a pressure-driven demand model into the control strategy to Achieve correct and reliable control on the water distribution of the water distribution network. [0016] In the following detailed description of the specific aspects of the present disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description, and the drawings show, by way of example, specific specific aspects in which the present disclosure can be implemented. These specific aspects are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to implement the disclosure, and it is to be understood that other specific aspects may be utilized and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. The following description is therefore not intended to be considered limiting. [0017] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary environment to manage fair water supply in a distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure. [0018] Accordingly, the environment 100 may include a water source 101 that stores water to be supplied to one or more supply areas via the distribution controller 102, that is, supply areas 1 108 1 to 2 108 2 (collectively referred to as Supply area 108). In the embodiment, the distribution controller 102 may be a computing device or an external server associated with the water distribution network, which controls the water flow through the water distribution network. In a specific aspect, the water source 101 may be a water treatment plant. Depending on the aspect, the one or more supply areas 108 may be divided into one or more nodes. For example, each of the one or more supply areas 108 may represent a local location, such as a regional metering area (DMA); and one or more nodes in the supply area 108 may be home connections and other endpoints, It requires and uses water from a water source 101. In a specific aspect, water from the water source 101 may be supplied to one or more supply areas 108 via a water distribution pipe. [0019] In a specific aspect, the distribution of water by the distribution controller 102 to the one or more supply areas 108 may be subject to one or more supply controllers 107 associated with each of the one or more supply areas 108. Controlled. In an embodiment, the one or more supply controllers 107 may be general-purpose computing systems that are configured to communicate with the distribution controller 102 to locally monitor and control the flow of water across one or more supply areas 108. The supply controller 107 may be responsible for controlling the angles of the supply control valves in one or more supply areas 108 based on the pressure values of one or more supply areas 108 and the water flow sensor data. However, one or more supply controllers 107 are not responsible for the fair supply of water to one or more nodes in one or more supply areas 108. [0020] In a specific aspect, in order to achieve a fair water supply in one or more supply areas 108, the water distribution management system 105 may be constructed in a water distribution pipe network. In the embodiment, the water distribution management system 105 may be configured with a distribution controller 102, as shown in the environment 100, but is not limited thereto. The water distribution management system 105 may build a pressure-driven demand model to achieve fair water supply in one or more supply areas 108. [0021] In a specific aspect, the water distribution management system 105 may be a ladder control architecture that can incorporate the correlation between pressure and demand across the water distribution network. The tiered control architecture (water distribution management system 105) will help establish simultaneous control of demand and pressure across the distribution network. Initially, the water distribution management system 105 may determine a target pressure value and a target supply duration required to supply a target water volume to one or more nodes of the water distribution network based on one or more supply parameters. For example, one or more supply parameters may include, without limitation, the number of nodes in one or more supply areas 108, the amount of water consumed by one or more nodes, and non-operating across one or more nodes Amount of non-revenue water (NRW). In a specific aspect, the target supply duration value across one or more nodes may be dynamically determined based on the demand of one or more nodes. For example, if demand is high, the target supply duration value will be higher. When determining the target pressure value, the water distribution management system 105 may take a predetermined time interval to identify the actual pressure value of the water being supplied to one or more nodes via the supply controller 107. For example, the predetermined time interval may be 1 hour. In a specific aspect, one hour after the start of water supply. In an embodiment, one or more pressure detection sensors may be configured across each of one or more nodes in the water distribution network to determine the actual pressure value in the water distribution network. [0022] Further, the water distribution management system 105 may compare the actual pressure value with the target pressure value to identify the actual pressure deviation of the water being supplied to the one or more supply areas 108. When the deviation of the actual pressure value is identified, the water distribution management system 105 communicates with the distribution controller 102 to change the angle of the supply control valve associated with one or more supply areas 108 based on the identified deviation pressure value 213, thereby Manage fair water supply in distribution networks. Depending on the situation, the angle of the supply control valve can be directly proportional to the feedwater pressure. That is, increasing the angle of the supply control valve results in an increase in water flow and therefore an increase in the pressure of the water being supplied. Accordingly, when the identified deviation pressure value 213 is positive, the water distribution management system 105 may instruct the distribution controller 102 to increase the angle of the supply control valve. That is, when the actual pressure value is smaller than the target pressure value, the angle of the supply control valve may be increased. 2A shows a detailed block diagram illustrating a water distribution management system according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure to manage fair water supply in a water distribution network. [0024] In a specific aspect, the water distribution management system 105 may include an input / output (I / O) interface 201, a processor 203, and a memory 205. The I / O interface 201 may be configured to communicate with the distribution controller 102 to change the angle of the supply control valve. The memory 205 may be communicatively coupled to the processor 203. The processor 203 may be configured to perform one or more functions of the water distribution management system 105 to manage fair water supply in the water distribution pipe network. In an embodiment, the water distribution management system 105 may further include data 209 and a module 207 to perform various operations according to the specific aspects of the present disclosure. Depending on the specific aspect, the data 209 may be stored in the memory 205 and may include, without limitation, one or more supply parameters 211, a deviation pressure value 213, and other data 215.
於一具體態樣，資料209可以儲存在記憶體205裡而呈多樣的資料結構形式。另外，資料209可以使用資料模型(例如關係式或階層式資料模型)而加以組織。其他資料215可以儲存由模組207所產生的資料，包括暫存資料和暫存檔，而同時產生多個記錄之多媒體內容當中所強調的個人化播放清單。 In a specific aspect, the data 209 can be stored in the memory 205 in various data structure forms. In addition, the data 209 may be organized using a data model, such as a relational or hierarchical data model. The other data 215 can store the data generated by the module 207, including temporary data and temporary files, and simultaneously generate personalized playlists emphasized in the multimedia content of multiple records.
於某些具體態樣，一或更多個供應參數是關於配水管網而用於分配水給一或更多個供應區108的資料參數。舉例來說，一或更多個供應參數可以包括而不限於配水管網中的節點數目、在一或更多個節點的消耗水量、以及跨越一或更多個節點的非營收水(NRW)量。NRW可以包括在分配給一或更多個節點期間因為例如給水管路/通道中的破裂或洩漏、不正確的測量裝備或技術和類似之因素所浪費的水量。配水管理系統105使用一或更多個供應參數來決定供應目標水體積給一或更多個節點所需的目標 壓力值和目標供應持續時間。 In some specific aspects, the one or more supply parameters are data parameters related to the water distribution network used to distribute water to the one or more supply areas 108. For example, one or more supply parameters may include, without limitation, the number of nodes in the distribution network, the amount of water consumed by one or more nodes, and non-revenue water (NRW) that spans one or more nodes )the amount. The NRW may include the amount of water wasted during distribution to one or more nodes due to, for example, a break or leak in a water supply line / channel, incorrect measuring equipment or technology, and similar factors. The water distribution management system 105 uses one or more supply parameters to determine the target required to supply the target water volume to one or more nodes Pressure value and target supply duration.
於某些具體態樣，偏差壓力值213可以藉由比較實際壓力值相對於目標壓力值的差異而辨識。當實際壓力值小於供應目標水量所需的目標壓力值時，偏差壓力值213可以是正的。當偏差壓力值213是正的時，配水管理系統105指示分配控制器102增加供應控制閥的角度，藉此增加實際壓力值。一旦實際壓力值等於目標壓力值，則供應控制的角度可以被設定或固定。於某些具體態樣，配水管理系統105可以在預定時間間隔來計算偏差壓力值213。 In some specific aspects, the deviation pressure value 213 can be identified by comparing the difference between the actual pressure value and the target pressure value. When the actual pressure value is less than the target pressure value required to supply the target water amount, the deviation pressure value 213 may be positive. When the deviation pressure value 213 is positive, the water distribution management system 105 instructs the distribution controller 102 to increase the angle of the supply control valve, thereby increasing the actual pressure value. Once the actual pressure value is equal to the target pressure value, the angle of the supply control can be set or fixed. In some specific aspects, the water distribution management system 105 may calculate the deviation pressure value 213 at a predetermined time interval.
於某些具體態樣，資料209可以由配水管理系統105中的一或更多個模組207所處理。於一實施例，一或更多個模組207可以儲存成為處理器203的一部分。於另一實施例，一或更多個模組207可以通訊耦合於處理器203以進行配水管理系統105的一或更多個功能。模組207可以包括而不限於目標壓力決定模組217、壓力偏差計算模組219和其他模組223。 In some specific aspects, the data 209 may be processed by one or more modules 207 in the water distribution management system 105. In one embodiment, one or more modules 207 may be stored as part of the processor 203. In another embodiment, one or more modules 207 may be communicatively coupled to the processor 203 to perform one or more functions of the water distribution management system 105. The modules 207 may include, without limitation, a target pressure determination module 217, a pressure deviation calculation module 219, and other modules 223.
如在此所用，用語「模組」(module)可以稱為特用積體電路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、電子電路、處理器(分享式、專屬式或群組式)和記憶體，其執行一或更多個軟體或韌體程式、組合式邏輯電路和/或其他適合的組件來提供所述功能性。於具體態樣，可以使用其他模組223以進行配水管理系統105的多樣雜項功能。將體會此種模組207可以代表成單一模組或不同模組的組合。As used herein, the term "module" can be referred to as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, proprietary, or group) and memory, It executes one or more software or firmware programs, combined logic circuits, and / or other suitable components to provide the described functionality. In a specific aspect, other modules 223 may be used to perform various miscellaneous functions of the water distribution management system 105. It will be appreciated that such a module 207 may be represented as a single module or a combination of different modules.
[0030] 於具體態樣，目標壓力決定模組217可以負責決定目標壓力值，其是須維持於配水管網中以供應目標水體積給一或更多個供應區108中的一或更多個節點。使用目標壓力決定模組217來決定目標壓力值的方法可以在圖2B流程圖的幫助下來解釋。 [0031] 起初在圖2B的步驟231，目標壓力決定模組217決定要供應給一或更多個供應區108中之一或更多個節點的目標水體積。目標水體積是在一或更多個節點的實際水需求。在步驟233，目標壓力決定模組217與分配控制器102通訊以決定正在從水源101供應給一或更多個節點的實際水體積。一旦決定實際水體積和目標水體積二者，在步驟235，當與在一或更多個節點的需求做比較時，目標壓力決定模組217比較實際體積與目標體積，以辨識正在供應給一或更多個節點之實際水體積的差異。 [0032] 於某些具體態樣，實際壓力值(其須維持於配水管網中以供應目標水體積)可以基於實際體積和目標體積之間的差異(其在步驟235決定)來決定。舉例而言，如果正在供應給一或更多個供應區108的實際體積小於目標水體積(需求)，則在步驟237，目標壓力決定模組217決定在配水管網的實際壓力小於供應目標水體積所需的目標壓力值。然而，如果實際體積高於目標水體積，則目標壓力決定模組217 (如步驟239所指)決定實際壓力高於所需目標壓力，並且據此指示分配控制器102降低配水管網中的壓力。使用步驟237和239的比較，目標壓力決定模組217在步驟241決定目標壓力值(P目標 )。 [0033] 於具體態樣，壓力偏差計算模組219可以藉由比較實際壓力值和目標壓力值而負責辨識偏差壓力值213。使用壓力偏差計算模組219來辨識偏差壓力值213的方法可以在圖2C流程圖的幫助下來解釋。 [0034] 在步驟243，壓力偏差計算模組219從目標壓力決定模組217接收目標壓力值(P目標 )。在接收目標壓力值之時，壓力偏差計算模組219 (在步驟245)藉由比較目標壓力值和實際壓力值而辨識偏差壓力值213。舉例來說，在配水管網的實際壓力值可以在配置於配水管網中預定位置之壓力偵測感應器的幫助下而決定。在步驟247，壓力偏差計算模組219分析步驟245所辨識的偏差壓力值213。於具體態樣，如果偏差壓力值213是正值，則壓力偏差計算模組219決定實際壓力值小於供應目標水量所需的目標壓力值。另一方面，如果偏差壓力值213是負值，則壓力偏差計算模組219決定實際壓力值高於目標壓力值。 [0035] 進一步而言，壓力偏差計算模組219可以與分配控制器102通訊，以基於偏差壓力值213來減少或增加供應控制閥的角度。舉例而言，如步驟249所示，如果偏差壓力值213是負值，則壓力偏差計算模組219可以指示分配控制器102減少供應控制閥的角度。類似而言，如步驟251所示，如果偏差壓力值213是正值，則壓力偏差計算模組219可以指示分配控制器102增加供應控制閥的角度。藉由增加供應控制閥的角度，則正在供應給一或更多個供應區108的水壓值會增加，藉此使正在供應給一或更多個供應區108所需之目標水體積的水體積增加。進一步而言，在步驟253，決定跨越配水管網的實際壓力值以解釋實際壓力值的改變，其造成供應控制閥的角度改變。在決定實際壓力值之時，可以由壓力偏差計算模組219考慮相同者以辨識下一次(從步驟245開始)的偏差壓力值213。上述辨識偏差壓力值213的過程可以採取預定時間間隔(例如每1小時)來進行，以達成公平供應水給一或更多個供應區108。 [0036] 圖3A和3B顯示當配水管網建構有配水管理系統105時在配水管網中管理公平給水的範例性示範。 [0037] 如圖3A所示，考慮配水管網具有水源101，其透過分配控制器102而供應水給三個節點，亦即供應區中的節點1、節點2、節點3。在此，三個節點(節點1至節點3)中的每一者可以代表供應區108，例如DMA，其包括使用來自水源101之水的多個節點/消費者點。假設目標水體積(亦即在節點的需求)為節點1要40公升、節點2要30公升、以及節點3要30公升。而且，假設在從水源101分配到分配控制器102的過程期間正在浪費成NRW的水體積是10公升。在此情形，通過分配控制器102的水體積會比正從水源101所供應的水體積少10公升。換言之，通過分配控制器102的水體積會比節點所需或要求的水體積少10公升。而且，正在供應給節點的水體積有的則可以遭受跨越連接分配控制器102和節點之單獨渠道的水壓變化或滑落。 [0038] 所以，分配控制器102可以分配比目標體積還高或還低的水體積。舉例而言，分配控制器102可以分配30公升的水給節點1、20公升給節點2、以及40公升給節點3，來取代分別供應40公升、30公升、以及30公升給節點1、節點2、以及節點3。這會導致水在節點1、節點2、節點3有不公平供應。 [0039] 圖3B示範在配水管網中建構配水管理系統而提供公平給水給節點的方法。起初，配水管理系統105會考慮配水管網中正在浪費的水量(NRW)，且據此會增加來自水源101的供應。依據圖3B的範例，配水管理系統105會使分配控制器102接收額外的水量(10公升)，以補償浪費成NRW的水體積。在此，正在浪費成NRW的水量也考慮成需求的一部分。 亦即D目標 = D實際 + NRW 其中， D目標 指出要供應給一或更多個節點的目標水體積； D實際 指出一或更多個節點的實際需求；以及 NRW指出洩漏、不正確測量和類似者所浪費的總水體積。 [0040] 進一步而言，配水管理系統105會使用圖2B和圖2C流程圖所解釋的方法，來決定實際壓力值和供應目標水體積給節點所需的目標壓力值。據此，配水管理系統105決定實際壓力值相對於目標壓力值的偏差並且辨識偏差壓力值213。 [0041] 使用辨識的偏差壓力值213，配水管理系統105會決定要設定之供應控制閥的角度以準確供應目標水體積給節點。然後，決定之供應控制閥的角度被通訊送至分配控制器102，其轉而會變化供應控制閥的角度。據此，如圖3B所指，配水管理系統105會使分配控制器102供應40公升的水給節點1、30公升給節點2、以及30公升給節點3，藉此準確供應所需的水體積，並且跨越所有節點而達成公平給水。 [0042] 舉例來說，在節點1，為了供應目標水體積(40公升)，亦即為了符合在節點1的需求(D目標 )，所需的目標壓力值(P目標 )和目標供應持續時間可以分別是10帕和4小時。這意謂為了供應40公升的水給節點1，分配控制器102必須在10帕的壓力值下供應水達4小時。在配水給節點1的期間，配水管理系統105在壓力偵測感應器的幫助下辨識正在供應給節點1的實際水壓程度(P實際 )。假設配水管理系統105在分配達1小時之後檢查P實際 的數值。 [0043] 於一情境，在分配水2小時之後，如果發現P實際 數值小於P目標 數值(例如P實際 為8帕)，則配水管理系統105辨識出P實際 數值必須增加到P目標 數值以符合在節點1所需的要求。據此，配水管理系統105會指示分配控制器102增加供應控制閥的數值以增加壓力成12帕持續剩餘2小時的分配，藉此平均而言使P實際 數值匹配P目標 數值。 亦即如果在節點1的D目標 數值是= F (10帕´4小時) = F (40公升) 則在前4小時的分配期間所供應的水體積： = F (8帕´2小時) = F (16公升) 類似而言，在後2小時的分配期間、在增加供應控制閥之角度下所供應的水體積 = F (12帕´2小時) = F (24公升) 所以，平均而言，供應給節點1的總水體積會是： = [F (16公升) + F (24公升)]/2 = 40公升，(其等於節點1的需求體積) 其中，變數F指出正在供應的水體積是水壓和正在供應水之持續時間的函數。 [0044] 圖4顯示流程圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣而在配水管網中管理公平給水的方法。 [0045] 如圖4所示範，方法400包括一或更多個方塊以使用配水管理系統105而在配水管網中管理公平給水。方法400可以在電腦可執行的指令之一般背景下來描述。一般而言，電腦可執行的指令可以包括常式、程式、物件、組件、資料結構、程序、模組、及函式，其進行特定的功能或實施抽象的資料類型。 [0046] 方法400所描述的次序不打算解讀為限制，並且任何數目的所述方法方塊可以用任何次序來組合以實施方法。另外，單獨的方塊可以從方法刪除，而不偏離在此描述之標的的精神和範圍。再者，方法可以用任何適合的硬體、軟體、韌體或其組合來實施。 [0047] 在方塊401，配水管理系統105基於一或更多個供應參數來決定供應目標水體積給配水管網之一或更多個節點所需的目標壓力值和目標供應持續時間。舉例來說，一或更多個供應參數可以包括配水管網中的節點數目、在一或更多個節點的消耗水量、以及跨越一或更多個節點的非營收水(NRW)量。 [0048] 在方塊403，配水管理系統105以預定時間間隔來辨識正在供應給一或更多個節點的實際水壓值。於具體態樣，實際壓力值可以使用配置在一或更多個節點的一或更多個壓力感應器來辨識。 [0049] 在方塊405，配水管理系統105比較實際壓力值與目標壓力值以辨識偏差壓力值213。舉例來說，當目標壓力值高於配水管網中的實際壓力值時，偏差壓力值213可以是正的。 [0050] 在方塊407，配水管理系統105基於辨識的偏差壓力值213來變化關聯於一或更多個節點之供應控制閥的角度，以在配水管網中管理公平給水。於具體態樣，變化供應控制閥的角度可以造成正在供應給一或更多個節點之水的體積和實際壓力值之改變。舉例來說，當辨識的偏差壓力值213是正的時，供應控制閥的角度可以被增加。類似而言，當辨識的偏差壓力值213是負的時，供應控制閥的角度可以被減少。 ＜電腦系統＞ [0051] 圖5示範範例性電腦系統500的方塊圖，其實施與本揭示一致的具體態樣。於具體態樣，電腦系統500可以是配水管理系統105，其用於在配水管網中管理公平給水。電腦系統500可以包括中央處理單元(central processing unit (CPU)或「處理器」) 502。處理器502可以包括至少一資料處理器以執行程式組件，其執行使用者或系統所產生的商業過程。使用者可以包括人、使用裝置(例如本發明所包括者)的人、或此種裝置本身。處理器502可以包括專門的處理單元，例如整合式系統(匯流排)控制器、記憶體管理控制單元、浮點單元、圖形處理單元、數位訊號處理單元等。 [0052] 處理器502可以配置成經由I/O介面501而與一或更多個I/O裝置(511和512)通訊。I/O介面501可以採用通訊協定/方法，例如而不限於音訊、類比、數位、立體、IEEE-1394、序列匯流排、通用序列匯流排(universal serial bus，USB)、紅外線、PS/2、BNC、同軸、組件、複合、數位視覺介面(digital visual interface，DVI)、高解析多媒體介面(high-definition multimedia interface、HDMI)、射頻(radio frequency，RF)天線、S端子(S-Video)、視訊圖形陣列(video graphics array，VGA)、IEEE 802.n/b/g/n/x、藍牙(Bluetooth)、格網(譬如分碼多重存取(Code-Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、高速封包存取(high-speed packet access，HSPA+)、全球行動通訊系統(global system for mobile communications，GSM)、長期演化(long-term evolution，LTE)或類似者)等。 [0053] 使用I/O介面501，電腦系統500可以與一或更多個I/O裝置(511和512)通訊。於某些具體態樣，處理器502可以配置成經由網路介面503而與通訊網路509通訊。網路介面503可以與通訊網路509通訊。網路介面503可以採用連接協定，包括而不限於直接連接、乙太網路(譬如雙絞線10/100/1000 Base T)、傳輸控制協定/網際網路協定(transmission control protocol/Internet protocol，TCP/IP)、訊標環、IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/x等。 [0054] 使用網路介面503和通訊網路509，電腦系統500可以與關聯於配水管網的分配控制器102通訊以在配水管網中管理公平給水。通訊網路509可以實施成不同類型網路中的一種，例如網內網路或區域網路(local area network，LAN)和在組織裡的此種網路。通訊網路509可以是專屬網路或分享網路，其代表使用各式各樣協定之不同類型網路的關聯，例如超文字轉移協定(hypertext transfer protocol，HTTP)、傳輸控制協定/網際網路協定(TCP/IP)、無線應用協定(wireless application protocol，WAP)等以彼此通訊。進一步而言，通訊網路509可以包括各式各樣的網路裝置，包括路由器、橋接器、伺服器、運算裝置、儲存裝置等。 [0055] 於某些具體態樣，處理器502可以配置成經由儲存介面504而與記憶體505 (譬如隨機存取記憶體(random access memory，RAM) 513、唯讀記憶體(read-only memory，ROM) 514等，如圖5所示)通訊。儲存介面504可以連接到記憶體505，其包括而不限於記憶體驅動器、可移除碟片驅動器等，而採用例如序列先進科技附接(serial advanced technology attachment，SATA)、整合式驅動電子器材(integrated drive electronics，IDE)、IEEE-1394、通用序列匯流排(USB)、光纖通道、小電腦系統介面(small computer systems interface，SCSI)等的連接協定。記憶體驅動器可以進一步包括磁鼓、磁碟機、磁光碟機、光碟機、獨立磁碟冗餘陣列(redundant array of independent discs，RAID)、固態記憶裝置、固態硬碟等。 [0056] 記憶體505可以儲存程式或資料庫組件的集合，包括而不限於使用者/應用程式資料506、作業系統507、網頁伺服器508等。於某些具體態樣，電腦系統500可以儲存使用者/應用程式資料506，例如資料、變數、紀錄等，如本發明所述。此種資料庫可以實施成容錯、關聯性、可縮放的安全資料庫，例如Oracle或Sybase。 [0057] 作業系統507可以有助於電腦系統500的資源管理和操作。作業系統的範例包括而不限於Apple Macintosh OS X、UNIX、類似Unix的系統分配(譬如柏克萊軟體分配(Berkeley Software Distribution，BSD)、FreeBSD、Net BSD、Open BSD等)、Linux分配(譬如Red Hat、Ubuntu、K-Ubuntu等)、International Business Machines (IBM) OS/2、Microsoft Windows (XP、Vista/7/8等)、Apple iOS、Google Android、Blackberry作業系統(OS)或類似者。使用者介面可以有助於透過文字或圖形設施而對程式組件做顯示、執行、互動、操控或操作。舉例而言，使用者介面可以在操作連接到電腦系統500的顯示器系統上提供電腦互動介面元件，例如游標、圖標、表單核取方塊(check box)、選單、視窗、小工具等。可以採用圖形使用者介面(graphical user interface，GUI)，其包括而不限於Apple Macintosh作業系統的Aqua、IBM OS/2、Microsoft Windows (譬如Aero、Metro等)、Unix X-Windows、網路介面程式庫(譬如ActiveX、Java、JavaScript、AJAX、HTML、Adobe Flash等)或類似者。 [0058] 於某些具體態樣，電腦系統500可以實施儲存了程式組件的網頁瀏覽器508。網頁瀏覽器可以是超文字觀看應用程式，例如Microsoft Internet Explorer、Google Chrome、Mozilla Firefox、Apple Safari等。安全網頁瀏覽可以使用安全超文字傳輸協定(secure hypertext transport protocol，HTTPS)安全插座層(secure sockets layer，SSL)、傳輸層安全(transport layer security，TLS)等來提供。網頁瀏覽器可以利用例如AJAX、DHTML、Adobe Flash、JavaScript、Java、應用程式介面(application programming interface，API)等的設施。於某些具體態樣，電腦系統500可以實施儲存了程式組件的郵件伺服器。郵件伺服器可以是網際網路郵件伺服器，例如Microsoft Exchange或類似者。郵件伺服器可以利用例如主動伺服器頁面(active server page，ASP)、ActiveX、美國國家標準機構(American National Standards Institute，ANSI) C++/C#、Microsoft .NET、CGI指令碼、Java、JavaScript、PERL、PHP、Python、WebObjects等的設施。郵件伺服器可以利用通訊協定，例如網際網路訊息存取協定(internet message access protocol，IMAP)、訊息應用程式介面(messaging application programming interface，MAPI)、Microsoft Exchange、郵局協定(post office protocol，POP)、簡郵傳輸協定(simple mail transfer protocol，SMTP)或類似者。於某些具體態樣，電腦系統500可以實施儲存了程式組件的郵件客戶。郵件客戶可以是郵件觀看應用程式，例如Apple Mail、Microsoft Entourage、Microsoft Outlook、Mozilla Thunderbird等。 [0059] 再者，可以利用一或更多個電腦可讀取的儲存媒體來實施與本發明一致的具體態樣。電腦可讀取的儲存媒體是指任何類型的實體記憶體，上面可以儲存可由處理器所讀取的資訊或資料。因此，電腦可讀取的儲存媒體可以儲存指令以由一或更多個處理器來執行，包括使(多個)處理器進行與在此描述之具體態樣一致的步驟或階段之指令。用語「電腦可讀取的媒體」(computer-readable medium)應理解為包括具有實體的項目，並且排除載波和瞬時訊號，亦即非暫態的。範例包括隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、唯讀記憶體(ROM)、揮發性記憶體、非揮發性記憶體、硬碟機、光碟(compact disc，CD) ROM、數位影音光碟(digital video disc，DVD)、快閃碟、磁碟、和任何其他已知的實體儲存媒體。 [0060] 在此示範了本揭示之具體態樣的優點。 [0061] 於具體態樣，本揭示提供跨越配水管網之一或更多個節點來管理和達成公平給水的方法。 [0062] 於具體態樣，本揭示的方法揭示了有效率之基於壓力需求關係的控制技術以管理公平給水。 [0063] 於具體態樣，本揭示揭示了使用壓力需求關係控制技術而在配水管網的一或更多個節點同時監視和控制需求和壓力值的方法。 [0064] 於具體態樣，本揭示揭示了控制給水壓力的有效方法，以符合跨越一或更多個節點之水的波動和/或變化需求。 [0065] 「具體態樣」、「多個具體態樣」、「該具體態樣」、「該等具體態樣」、「一或更多個具體態樣」、「某些具體態樣」、「一具體態樣」等用語意謂「(多個)發明的一或更多個(但非全部的)具體態樣」，除非另有明確所指。 [0066] 「包括」、「包括」、「具有」及其變化等用語意謂「包括但不限於」，除非另有明確所指。 [0067] 項目做編號式條列並不暗示任何或所有的項目是互相排外的，除非另有明確所指。 [0068] 「一」(a、an)和「該」(the)等用語意謂「一或更多個」，除非另有明確所指。具體態樣若描述幾個組件彼此通訊則不暗示需要所有此種組件。相反而言，描述了各式各樣可選用的組件以示範本發明之各式各樣可能的具體態樣。 [0069] 當在此描述單一裝置或物件時，將輕易明白可以使用多於一個的裝置/物件(不論它們是否合作)來取代單一裝置/物件。類似而言，若在此描述了多於一個的裝置或物件(不論它們是否合作)，則將輕易明白可以使用單一裝置/物件來代替多於一個的裝置或物件，或者可以使用不同數目的裝置/物件來代替所示數目的裝置或程式。裝置的功能性和/或特徵可以替代選擇而言改由未明確描述成具有此種功能性/特徵的一或更多個其他裝置來實現。因此，本發明的其他具體態樣不須包括該裝置本身。 [0070] 最後，原則上已經為了可讀性和指示的目的而選擇用於說明書的語言，並且可能尚未選擇它來限縮或侷限發明標的。本發明的範圍因而打算不受這詳述的限制，而是由基於在此之申請案所提出的任何申請專利範圍來限制。據此，本發明的具體態樣打算是示例性的而非限制性的；本發明的範圍則列於以下的請求項。 [0071] 雖然已經在此揭示了多樣方面和具體態樣，不過熟於此技術者將明白有其他的方面和具體態樣。在此揭示的多樣方面和具體態樣是為了示範並且不打算是限制性的，而真正的範圍和精神是由以下申請專利範圍所指出。[0030] In a specific aspect, the target pressure determination module 217 may be responsible for determining a target pressure value, which must be maintained in the water distribution network to supply the target water volume to one or more of the one or more supply areas 108 Nodes. The method of using the target pressure determination module 217 to determine the target pressure value can be explained with the help of the flowchart of FIG. 2B. [0031] Initially in step 231 of FIG. 2B, the target pressure determination module 217 determines a target water volume to be supplied to one or more nodes in one or more supply zones 108. The target water volume is the actual water demand at one or more nodes. In step 233, the target pressure determination module 217 communicates with the distribution controller 102 to determine the actual volume of water being supplied from the water source 101 to one or more nodes. Once both the actual water volume and the target water volume are determined, in step 235, when compared with the demand at one or more nodes, the target pressure determination module 217 compares the actual volume with the target volume to identify that it is being supplied to a The difference in actual water volume for one or more nodes. [0032] In some specific aspects, the actual pressure value (which must be maintained in the water distribution network to supply the target water volume) can be determined based on the difference between the actual volume and the target volume (which is determined in step 235). For example, if the actual volume being supplied to one or more supply areas 108 is less than the target water volume (demand), then in step 237, the target pressure determination module 217 determines that the actual pressure in the distribution network is less than the target water The required target pressure value for the volume. However, if the actual volume is higher than the target water volume, the target pressure determination module 217 (as indicated in step 239) determines that the actual pressure is higher than the required target pressure and instructs the distribution controller 102 to reduce the pressure in the water distribution network accordingly . Using the comparison of steps 237 and 239, the target pressure determination module 217 determines the target pressure value (P target ) in step 241. [0033] In a specific aspect, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 may be responsible for identifying the deviation pressure value 213 by comparing the actual pressure value with the target pressure value. The method of using the pressure deviation calculation module 219 to identify the deviation pressure value 213 can be explained with the help of the flowchart of FIG. 2C. [0034] In step 243, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 receives the target pressure value (P target ) from the target pressure determination module 217. When receiving the target pressure value, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 (at step 245) identifies the deviation pressure value 213 by comparing the target pressure value with the actual pressure value. For example, the actual pressure value of the water distribution network can be determined with the help of a pressure detection sensor arranged at a predetermined position in the water distribution network. In step 247, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 analyzes the deviation pressure value 213 identified in step 245. In a specific aspect, if the deviation pressure value 213 is a positive value, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 determines that the actual pressure value is smaller than the target pressure value required to supply the target water amount. On the other hand, if the deviation pressure value 213 is a negative value, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 determines that the actual pressure value is higher than the target pressure value. [0035] Further, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 may communicate with the distribution controller 102 to reduce or increase the angle of the supply control valve based on the deviation pressure value 213. For example, as shown in step 249, if the deviation pressure value 213 is negative, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 may instruct the distribution controller 102 to reduce the angle of the supply control valve. Similarly, as shown in step 251, if the deviation pressure value 213 is a positive value, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 may instruct the distribution controller 102 to increase the angle of the supply control valve. By increasing the angle of the supply control valve, the water pressure value being supplied to one or more supply areas 108 will increase, thereby enabling the target water volume of water required to be supplied to one or more supply areas 108. Increase in volume. Further, in step 253, the actual pressure value across the water distribution network is decided to explain the change in the actual pressure value, which causes the angle of the supply control valve to change. When determining the actual pressure value, the pressure deviation calculation module 219 may consider the same to identify the next deviation pressure value 213 (from step 245). The above process of identifying the deviation pressure value 213 may be performed at a predetermined time interval (for example, every 1 hour) to achieve a fair supply of water to one or more supply areas 108. [0036] FIGS. 3A and 3B show an exemplary demonstration of managing fair water supply in a water distribution network when the water distribution network is constructed with a water distribution management system 105. [0037] As shown in FIG. 3A, it is considered that the water distribution pipe network has a water source 101 that supplies water to three nodes through a distribution controller 102, that is, node 1, node 2, and node 3 in the supply area. Here, each of the three nodes (node 1 to node 3) may represent a supply area 108, such as a DMA, which includes multiple nodes / consumer points using water from the water source 101. Assume that the target water volume (that is, the demand at the node) is 40 liters for node 1, 30 liters for node 2, and 30 liters for node 3. Furthermore, it is assumed that the volume of water being wasted into NRW during the process of distribution from the water source 101 to the distribution controller 102 is 10 liters. In this case, the volume of water passing through the distribution controller 102 will be 10 liters less than the volume of water being supplied from the water source 101. In other words, the volume of water passing through the distribution controller 102 will be 10 liters less than the volume of water required or required by the node. Moreover, some of the volume of water being supplied to the node may be subject to changes or slippage of water pressure across separate channels connecting the distribution controller 102 and the node. [0038] Therefore, the distribution controller 102 can distribute a water volume that is higher or lower than the target volume. For example, the distribution controller 102 may distribute 30 liters of water to node 1, 20 liters to node 2, and 40 liters to node 3, instead of supplying 40 liters, 30 liters, and 30 liters to node 1, node 2, respectively. , And node 3. This will lead to an unfair supply of water at nodes 1, 2, and 3. 3B illustrates a method of constructing a water distribution management system in a water distribution pipe network to provide a fair water supply to a node. Initially, the water distribution management system 105 will consider the amount of water (NRW) being wasted in the water distribution network and increase the supply from the water source 101 accordingly. According to the example of FIG. 3B, the water distribution management system 105 causes the distribution controller 102 to receive an additional amount of water (10 liters) to compensate for the volume of water wasted as NRW. Here, the amount of water being wasted as NRW is also considered as part of the demand. That is, D target = D actual + NRW where D target indicates the target volume of water to be supplied to one or more nodes; D actually indicates the actual demand of one or more nodes; and NRW indicates leaks, incorrect measurements, and The total volume of water wasted by the likes. [0040] Further, the water distribution management system 105 will use the method explained in the flowchart of FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C to determine the actual pressure value and the target pressure value required to supply the target water volume to the node. Based on this, the water distribution management system 105 determines the deviation of the actual pressure value from the target pressure value and identifies the deviation pressure value 213. [0041] Using the identified deviation pressure value 213, the water distribution management system 105 determines the angle of the supply control valve to be set to accurately supply the target water volume to the node. The determined angle of the supply control valve is then communicated to the distribution controller 102, which in turn changes the angle of the supply control valve. Accordingly, as indicated in FIG. 3B, the water distribution management system 105 will cause the distribution controller 102 to supply 40 liters of water to node 1, 30 liters to node 2, and 30 liters to node 3, thereby accurately supplying the required volume of water , And reach a fair water supply across all nodes. [0042] For example, at node 1, in order to supply the target water volume (40 liters), that is, to meet the demand at node 1 (D target ), the required target pressure value (P target ) and the target supply duration It can be 10 Pa and 4 hours respectively. This means that in order to supply 40 liters of water to node 1, the distribution controller 102 must supply water at a pressure value of 10 Pa for 4 hours. During the water distribution to the node 1, the water management system 105 with the help of the identification sensor is a pressure detector is supplied to the actual extent (P actual) pressure node 1. It is assumed that the water distribution management system 105 checks the actual value of P after 1 hour of distribution. [0043] In a scenario, after 2 hours of water distribution, if the actual value of P is found to be less than the P target value (for example, P is actually 8 Pa), the water distribution management system 105 recognizes that the actual value of P must be increased to the P target value to meet Required requirements at node 1. According to this, the water distribution management system 105 will instruct the distribution controller 102 to increase the value of the supply control valve to increase the pressure to 12 Pa for the remaining 2 hours of distribution, thereby making the actual value of P match the target value of P on average. That is, if the D target value at node 1 is = F (10 Pa ´4 hours) = F (40 liters), then the volume of water supplied during the first 4 hours of distribution: = F (8 Pa ´2 hours) = F (16 liters) Similarly, during the last 2 hours of dispensing, the volume of water supplied at the angle of increasing the supply control valve = F (12 Pa ´ 2 hours) = F (24 liters) So, on average , The total volume of water supplied to node 1 will be: = [F (16 liters) + F (24 liters)] / 2 = 40 liters, (which is equal to the demand volume of node 1) where variable F indicates the water being supplied Volume is a function of water pressure and duration of water being supplied. [0044] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for managing fair water supply in a water distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure. [0045] As exemplified in FIG. 4, the method 400 includes one or more blocks to manage the fair water supply in the water distribution network using the water distribution management system 105. The method 400 may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions. Generally speaking, computer-executable instructions can include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, procedures, modules, and functions that perform specific functions or implement abstract data types. [0046] The order in which method 400 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks may be combined in any order to implement the method. In addition, individual blocks may be deleted from the method without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the method can be implemented using any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. [0047] At block 401, the water distribution management system 105 determines a target pressure value and a target supply duration required to supply a target water volume to one or more nodes of the water distribution network based on one or more supply parameters. For example, one or more supply parameters may include the number of nodes in the distribution network, the amount of water consumed by one or more nodes, and the amount of non-revenue water (NRW) that spans one or more nodes. [0048] At block 403, the water distribution management system 105 identifies the actual water pressure value being supplied to one or more nodes at predetermined time intervals. In a specific aspect, the actual pressure value can be identified using one or more pressure sensors configured at one or more nodes. [0049] At block 405, the water distribution management system 105 compares the actual pressure value with the target pressure value to identify the deviation pressure value 213. For example, when the target pressure value is higher than the actual pressure value in the water distribution network, the deviation pressure value 213 may be positive. [0050] At block 407, the water distribution management system 105 changes the angle of the supply control valve associated with one or more nodes based on the identified deviation pressure value 213 to manage fair water supply in the water distribution network. Depending on the aspect, changing the angle of the supply control valve may cause changes in the volume and actual pressure of the water being supplied to one or more nodes. For example, when the identified deviation pressure value 213 is positive, the angle of the supply control valve may be increased. Similarly, when the identified deviation pressure value 213 is negative, the angle of the supply control valve can be reduced. <Computer System> [0051] FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computer system 500, the specific implementation of which is consistent with the present disclosure. In a specific aspect, the computer system 500 may be a water distribution management system 105 for managing fair water supply in a water distribution network. The computer system 500 may include a central processing unit (CPU) or "processor" 502. The processor 502 may include at least one data processor to execute a program component, which executes a business process generated by a user or a system. The user may include a person, a person using a device (such as included in the present invention), or such a device itself. The processor 502 may include a dedicated processing unit, such as an integrated system (bus) controller, a memory management control unit, a floating point unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processing unit, and the like. [0052] The processor 502 may be configured to communicate with one or more I / O devices (511 and 512) via the I / O interface 501. The I / O interface 501 can adopt communication protocols / methods, such as, but not limited to, audio, analog, digital, stereo, IEEE-1394, serial bus, universal serial bus (USB), infrared, PS / 2, BNC, coaxial, component, composite, digital visual interface (DVI), high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), radio frequency (RF) antenna, S-Video (S-Video), Video graphics array (VGA), IEEE 802.n / b / g / n / x, Bluetooth, Bluetooth, grid (such as Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), high-speed packet High-speed packet access (HSPA +), global system for mobile communications (GSM), long-term evolution (LTE), or the like). [0053] Using the I / O interface 501, the computer system 500 can communicate with one or more I / O devices (511 and 512). In some specific aspects, the processor 502 may be configured to communicate with the communication network 509 via the network interface 503. The network interface 503 can communicate with a communication network 509. The network interface 503 may use a connection protocol, including but not limited to direct connection, Ethernet (such as twisted pair 10/100/1000 Base T), transmission control protocol / Internet protocol, TCP / IP), beacon ring, IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / x, etc. [0054] Using the network interface 503 and the communication network 509, the computer system 500 can communicate with the distribution controller 102 associated with the water distribution network to manage fair water supply in the water distribution network. The communication network 509 may be implemented as one of different types of networks, such as an intranet or a local area network (LAN) and such networks in an organization. The communication network 509 can be a dedicated network or a shared network, which represents the association of different types of networks using various protocols, such as hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), transmission control protocol / Internet protocol (TCP / IP), wireless application protocol (WAP), etc. to communicate with each other. Further, the communication network 509 may include various network devices, including routers, bridges, servers, computing devices, storage devices, and the like. [0055] In some specific aspects, the processor 502 may be configured to communicate with the memory 505 (such as random access memory (RAM) 513, read-only memory) via the storage interface 504 , ROM) 514, etc., as shown in Figure 5) communication. The storage interface 504 can be connected to the memory 505, which includes, but is not limited to, a memory drive, a removable disk drive, and the like, and uses, for example, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA), integrated drive electronics ( Integrated drive electronics (IDE), IEEE-1394, universal serial bus (USB), Fibre Channel, small computer systems interface (SCSI), and other connection protocols. The memory drive may further include a magnetic drum, a magnetic disk drive, a magneto-optical disk drive, an optical disk drive, a redundant array of independent discs (RAID), a solid-state memory device, a solid-state hard disk, and the like. [0056] The memory 505 may store a collection of programs or database components, including but not limited to user / application data 506, an operating system 507, a web server 508, and the like. In some specific aspects, the computer system 500 can store user / application data 506, such as data, variables, records, etc., as described in the present invention. Such a database can be implemented as a fault-tolerant, associative, scalable security database, such as Oracle or Sybase. [0057] The operating system 507 may facilitate resource management and operation of the computer system 500. Examples of operating systems include, but are not limited to, Apple Macintosh OS X, UNIX, Unix-like system distribution (such as Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), FreeBSD, Net BSD, Open BSD, etc.), Linux distribution (such as Red Hat, Ubuntu, K-Ubuntu, etc.), International Business Machines (IBM) OS / 2, Microsoft Windows (XP, Vista / 7/8, etc.), Apple iOS, Google Android, Blackberry Operating System (OS), or the like. The user interface can be used to display, execute, interact, manipulate or manipulate program components through text or graphics facilities. For example, the user interface may provide computer interactive interface elements, such as cursors, icons, form check boxes, menus, windows, widgets, etc., on a display system that is connected to the computer system 500. Graphical user interface (GUI) can be used, which includes but is not limited to Aqua, IBM OS / 2, Microsoft Windows (such as Aero, Metro, etc.) of Apple Macintosh operating system, Unix X-Windows, network interface programs Libraries (such as ActiveX, Java, JavaScript, AJAX, HTML, Adobe Flash, etc.) or similar. [0058] In some specific aspects, the computer system 500 may implement a web browser 508 that stores program components. The web browser can be a hypertext viewing application, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, etc. The secure web browsing may be provided using a secure hypertext transport protocol (HTTPS) secure sockets layer (SSL), transport layer security (TLS), and the like. The web browser can use facilities such as AJAX, DHTML, Adobe Flash, JavaScript, Java, application programming interface (API), and the like. In some specific aspects, the computer system 500 may implement a mail server storing program components. The mail server may be an Internet mail server, such as Microsoft Exchange or the like. The mail server can use, for example, active server page (ASP), ActiveX, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C ++ / C #, Microsoft .NET, CGI script, Java, JavaScript, PERL, Facilities for PHP, Python, WebObjects, etc. The mail server can use communication protocols, such as Internet message access protocol (IMAP), messaging application programming interface (MAPI), Microsoft Exchange, post office protocol (POP) , Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) or similar. In some specific aspects, the computer system 500 may implement a mail client storing program components. Mail clients can be mail viewing applications, such as Apple Mail, Microsoft Entourage, Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird, etc. [0059] Furthermore, one or more computer-readable storage media may be used to implement specific aspects consistent with the present invention. Computer-readable storage media refers to any type of physical memory that can store information or data that can be read by a processor. Thus, a computer-readable storage medium may store instructions for execution by one or more processors, including instructions that cause the processor (s) to perform steps or stages consistent with the specific aspects described herein. The term "computer-readable medium" should be understood to include items with physical properties, and exclude carrier waves and transient signals, that is, non-transitory. Examples include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), volatile memory, non-volatile memory, hard drives, compact disc (CD) ROMs, digital video discs , DVD), flash drives, disks, and any other known physical storage media. [0060] The advantages of the specific aspects of the present disclosure are demonstrated here. [0061] In a specific aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for managing and achieving fair water supply across one or more nodes of a water distribution network. [0062] In a specific aspect, the disclosed method discloses an efficient control technology based on pressure-demand relationship to manage fair water supply. [0063] In a specific aspect, the present disclosure discloses a method for simultaneously monitoring and controlling demand and pressure values at one or more nodes of a distribution network using pressure demand relationship control technology. [0064] In a specific aspect, the present disclosure discloses an effective method for controlling water supply pressure to meet the fluctuation and / or change requirements of water across one or more nodes. [0065] "a specific aspect", "a plurality of specific aspects", "the specific aspect", "the specific aspects", "one or more specific aspects", "some specific aspects" , "A specific aspect" and the like means "one or more (but not all) specific aspects of the invention (s)" unless explicitly stated otherwise. [0066] The terms "including", "including", "having" and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to", unless expressly stated otherwise. [0067] The numbered listing of items does not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive, unless explicitly stated otherwise. [0068] Terms such as "a", "an" and "the" mean "one or more" unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific aspect described if several components communicate with each other does not imply that all such components are needed. On the contrary, a variety of optional components are described to exemplify the various possible specific aspects of the present invention. [0069] When describing a single device or object here, it will be readily apparent that more than one device / object (whether or not they cooperate) may be used in place of a single device / object. Similarly, if more than one device or object is described here (whether or not they cooperate), it will be easy to understand that a single device / object can be used in place of more than one device or object, or a different number of devices can be used / Object to replace the number of devices or programs shown. The functionality and / or features of the device may instead be implemented by one or more other devices that are not explicitly described as having such functionality / feature. Therefore, other specific aspects of the invention need not include the device itself. [0070] Finally, in principle, the language used for the description has been selected for readability and indication purposes, and it may not have been selected to limit or limit the subject matter of the invention. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by the scope of any patent application made on the basis of this application. Accordingly, the specific aspects of the present invention are intended to be exemplary rather than limiting; the scope of the present invention is set forth in the following claims. [0071] Although various aspects and specific aspects have been disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are other aspects and specific aspects. The various aspects and specific aspects disclosed herein are for demonstration and are not intended to be limiting, but the true scope and spirit are indicated by the scope of the following patent applications.
[0072][0072]
100‧‧‧環境100‧‧‧Environment
101‧‧‧水源101‧‧‧ Water source
102‧‧‧分配控制器102‧‧‧Distribution controller
103‧‧‧非營收水(NRW)103‧‧‧ Non-revenue water (NRW)
105‧‧‧配水管理系統105‧‧‧ Water distribution management system
107‧‧‧供應控制器107‧‧‧ Supply Controller
108‧‧‧供應區108‧‧‧Supply Area
201‧‧‧輸入/輸出(I/O)介面201‧‧‧Input / Output (I / O) interface
203‧‧‧處理器203‧‧‧Processor
205‧‧‧記憶體205‧‧‧Memory
207‧‧‧模組207‧‧‧Module
209‧‧‧資料209‧‧‧Information
211‧‧‧供應參數211‧‧‧Supply parameters
213‧‧‧偏差壓力值213‧‧‧deviation pressure value
215‧‧‧其他資料215‧‧‧Other Information
217‧‧‧目標壓力決定模組217‧‧‧Target pressure determination module
219‧‧‧壓力偏差計算模組219‧‧‧Pressure deviation calculation module
223‧‧‧其他模組223‧‧‧Other modules
231~241‧‧‧在配水管網決定目標壓力值的方法步驟231 ~ 241‧‧‧Method steps for determining target pressure value in water distribution network
243~253‧‧‧在配水管網辨識實際壓力值的方法步驟243 ~ 253‧‧‧Method steps for identifying actual pressure value in water distribution network
400~407‧‧‧在配水管網中管理公平給水的方法步驟400 ~ 407‧‧‧ Method steps for managing fair water supply in water distribution network
500‧‧‧電腦系統500‧‧‧Computer System
501‧‧‧輸入/輸出(I/O)介面501‧‧‧Input / Output (I / O) interface
502‧‧‧處理器502‧‧‧ processor
503‧‧‧網路介面503‧‧‧Interface
504‧‧‧儲存介面504‧‧‧Storage interface
505‧‧‧記憶體505‧‧‧Memory
506‧‧‧使用者/應用程式資料506‧‧‧User / App Data
507‧‧‧作業系統507‧‧‧operating system
508‧‧‧網頁瀏覽器508‧‧‧Web Browser
509‧‧‧通訊網路509‧‧‧Communication Network
511‧‧‧輸入裝置511‧‧‧ input device
512‧‧‧輸出裝置512‧‧‧ output device
513‧‧‧隨機存取記憶體(RAM)513‧‧‧ Random Access Memory (RAM)
514‧‧‧唯讀記憶體(ROM)514‧‧‧Read Only Memory (ROM)
515‧‧‧郵件客戶515‧‧‧Mail Client
516‧‧‧郵件伺服器516‧‧‧Mail Server
517‧‧‧網路伺服器517‧‧‧ web server
[0008] 伴隨的圖式併入並構成了本揭示的一部分，其示範範例性具體態樣，並且連同[發明說明書]解釋揭示的原理。於圖中，參考數字之最左邊的(多個)數字識別出首次出現該參考數字的圖。全篇圖式使用相同的數字以參考相似的特徵和組件。現將僅為舉例以及參考附圖來描述依據本標的之具體態樣的系統和/或方法之某些具體態樣，其中： 圖1顯示依據本揭示之某些具體態樣的範例性環境，以在配水管網中管理公平給水； 圖2A顯示詳細方塊圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣的配水管理系統以在配水管網中管理公平給水； 圖2B是流程圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣而在配水管網決定目標壓力值的方法； 圖2C是流程圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣而在配水管網辨識實際壓力值的方法； 圖3A和3B顯示範例性示範，其依據本揭示的一些具體態樣而在配水管網中管理公平給水； 圖4顯示流程圖，其示範依據本揭示之某些具體態樣而在配水管網中管理公平給水的方法；以及 圖5示範範例性電腦系統的方塊圖，其實施與本揭示一致的具體態樣。 [0009] 熟於此技術者應體會任何方塊圖在此代表示例性系統的概念圖，其使本標的的原理具象化。類似而言，將體會任何流程圖、流程表、狀態變遷圖、偽碼和類似者代表多樣的過程，其可以大致代表於電腦可讀取的媒體中，並且由電腦或處理器所執行，而不論是否明確顯示此種電腦或處理器。[0008] The accompanying drawings are incorporated and constitute a part of the present disclosure, which exemplifies specific aspects, and explains the principles of the disclosure together with the [Invention Specification]. In the figure, the leftmost digit (s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. Throughout the drawings, the same numbers are used to refer to similar features and components. Some specific aspects of the system and / or method according to the specific aspects of this standard will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows an exemplary environment according to certain specific aspects of the present disclosure, To manage fair water supply in a water distribution network; FIG. 2A shows a detailed block diagram that demonstrates a water distribution management system according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure to manage fair water supply in a water distribution network; A method for determining a target pressure value in a water distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure; FIG. 2C is a flowchart illustrating a method for identifying an actual pressure value in a water distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure; 3A and 3B show exemplary demonstrations of managing fair water supply in a water distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of demonstrations of water distribution network according to some specific aspects of the present disclosure; The method of managing fair water supply in China; and FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computer system that implements specific aspects consistent with this disclosure. [0009] Those skilled in the art should appreciate that any block diagram here represents a conceptual diagram of an exemplary system, which embodies the principles of this standard. Similarly, you will realize that any flowchart, flow chart, state transition diagram, pseudocode, and the like represent a variety of processes, which can be roughly represented in a computer-readable medium and executed by a computer or processor, and Whether or not such a computer or processor is explicitly displayed.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN201741007413 | 2017-03-02 | ||
| IN201741007413 | 2017-03-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201833704A TW201833704A (en) | 2018-09-16 |
| TWI666536B true TWI666536B (en) | 2019-07-21 |
Family
ID=64426119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW107103069A TWI666536B (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2018-01-29 | A system and a method for managing equitable water supply in a water distribution network |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI666536B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2726919C1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-07-16 | Федеральное государственное казённое военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | System for rapid diagnosis of water influx |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6245224B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2001-06-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Water quality management system |
| EP1132528A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-12 | Haase, Franz III | Parallel-fed nonstagnant integrated water distribution network for domestic water and fire sprinkler application |
| WO2013136500A1 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Water transport control system and water transport control method |
| US20150187025A1 (en) * | 2014-01-01 | 2015-07-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Optimization platform for water distribution networks |
| EP3070657A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-21 | Accenture Global Services Limited | Method and system for water production and distribution control |
-
2018
- 2018-01-29 TW TW107103069A patent/TWI666536B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6245224B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2001-06-12 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Water quality management system |
| EP1132528A1 (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-12 | Haase, Franz III | Parallel-fed nonstagnant integrated water distribution network for domestic water and fire sprinkler application |
| WO2013136500A1 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Water transport control system and water transport control method |
| US20150187025A1 (en) * | 2014-01-01 | 2015-07-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Optimization platform for water distribution networks |
| EP3070657A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-21 | Accenture Global Services Limited | Method and system for water production and distribution control |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201833704A (en) | 2018-09-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10372508B2 (en) | Method and system for dynamically integrating bots | |
| JP2019165515A5 (en) | ||
| AU2019226217A1 (en) | Configuration of a digital twin for a building or other facility via bim data extraction and asset register mapping | |
| JP2016530647A5 (en) | ||
| CN105787248A (en) | System and method for detecting and predicting anomalies based on analysis of time-series data | |
| US20180012173A1 (en) | Devices, methods, and systems for multi-user commissioning | |
| US10127134B2 (en) | Software testing system and a method for facilitating structured regression planning and optimization | |
| WO2013139081A1 (en) | Method for managing test cases | |
| EP3182341A1 (en) | Method and system for determining quality level of performance data associated with an entity group | |
| TWI666536B (en) | A system and a method for managing equitable water supply in a water distribution network | |
| TWI548233B (en) | Server, server management system and server management method | |
| WO2013064815A1 (en) | Method and database system for manipulating data | |
| JP2016110372A (en) | Information processing device, update time estimation program, and update time estimation method | |
| EP3118765A1 (en) | Method for providing user authority certification service | |
| JP6341289B2 (en) | Field device commissioning system and field device commissioning method | |
| US20220278865A1 (en) | Rule-based modeling for building control systems | |
| JP2020102115A (en) | Engineering supporting system and engineering supporting method | |
| CN109539646B (en) | Refrigerant filling method, device, equipment and system | |
| US10382311B2 (en) | Benchmarking servers based on production data | |
| CN108021222B (en) | Method and system for determining energy saving objectives of a distributed site of an entity | |
| US10860530B2 (en) | Method and system for migrating automation assets in an enterprise system | |
| WO2018099020A1 (en) | Processing method for wi-fi signal strength, processing device and server | |
| WO2013058252A1 (en) | Model examination support method, model examination support program, and model examination support device | |
| TW202221549A (en) | Method for optimizing output result of spectrometer and electronic device using the same | |
| JP6798120B2 (en) | Device diagnostic device, device diagnostic method, and device diagnostic program |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |