TWI658964B - Clutch control mechanism and inner transmission having the same - Google Patents
Clutch control mechanism and inner transmission having the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI658964B TWI658964B TW106142339A TW106142339A TWI658964B TW I658964 B TWI658964 B TW I658964B TW 106142339 A TW106142339 A TW 106142339A TW 106142339 A TW106142339 A TW 106142339A TW I658964 B TWI658964 B TW I658964B
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- control
- clutch
- shaft
- pawl
- seat
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
- B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
- B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
- F16D41/125—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like the pawl movement having an axial component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
本發明公開了一種離合器控制機構及其應用的內變速器，透過軸上裝配的控制座、控制桿和控制套筒控制離合器，不需要在軸上加工其他的結構，降低了軸零件的加工難度，同時控制座和控制桿之間、控制桿和控制套筒之間的裝配方式更加方便，降低了使用該離合器控制機構的內變速器成本，在內變速器中，該離合器同時控制行星架和內齒圈之間以及內齒圈和花鼓之間的離合控制，簡化了變速器內部構造，進一步提高了內變速器的輕便化，有利於內變速器的推廣應用。 The invention discloses a clutch control mechanism and an internal transmission used by the clutch. The clutch is controlled through a control seat, a control rod, and a control sleeve assembled on a shaft, which does not need to process other structures on the shaft, and reduces the processing difficulty of the shaft parts. At the same time, the assembly method between the control seat and the control rod, and between the control rod and the control sleeve is more convenient, which reduces the cost of the internal transmission using the clutch control mechanism. In the internal transmission, the clutch controls the planet carrier and the ring gear at the same time. The clutch control between the ring gear and the inner ring gear simplifies the internal structure of the transmission, further improves the lightness of the internal transmission, and is conducive to the popularization and application of the internal transmission.
Description
本發明屬於變速器，具體涉及一種離合器控制機構及其應用的內變速器。 The invention belongs to a transmission, and particularly relates to a clutch control mechanism and an internal transmission to which the clutch control mechanism is applied.
內變速器透過離合器控制傳動系統內部和花鼓之間的離合傳動，實現不同檔位的速比控制。由於內變速器全部封裝在花鼓內部，其要求的裝配結構更複雜，導致零部件的加工難度大，生產成本高。並且變速控制端位於變速器外側端部，容易被外力破壞。 The internal transmission controls the clutch transmission between the interior of the transmission system and the hub through the clutch to achieve speed ratio control in different gears. Since the internal transmission is completely enclosed in the hub, the required assembly structure is more complicated, which results in the difficulty in processing parts and high production costs. And the transmission control end is located at the outer end of the transmission, which is easily damaged by external forces.
如申請號為03204051.2的中國專利申請案中公開的一種改進的內變速器輪轂軸及其具有其輪轂的內變速器，其中採用的離合器的控制包括套裝在輪轂軸上的內、外套件，透過在套件上加工異形的透空路徑，透過配合的定位銷一同實現離合器的軸向離合運動，套件的加工方式複雜，在裝配過程中需要將定位銷和套件一同裝配好再套裝在輪轂軸上，裝配困難，定位銷的傳動方式容易磨損，導致內變速器的使用壽命有限。 For example, an improved internal transmission hub shaft disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 03204051.2 and an internal transmission having the same, wherein the control of the adopted clutch includes an inner and an outer sleeve which are sleeved on the hub shaft. The special-shaped hollow path is processed on the upper side, and the axial clutch movement of the clutch is realized through the matching positioning pin. The processing method of the kit is complicated. During the assembly process, the positioning pin and the kit must be assembled together and then set on the hub shaft, which is difficult to assemble. The driving method of the positioning pin is easy to wear and tear, resulting in a limited service life of the internal transmission.
隨著內變速器在自行車上的應用越來越廣泛，如何降低內變速器的生產成本和裝配難題顯得越發重要。 With the increasing use of internal transmissions on bicycles, how to reduce the production costs and assembly difficulties of internal transmissions has become increasingly important.
本發明解決的技術問題是：針對習知的內變速器離合器控制結構存在的加工複雜、生產成本高的缺陷，提供一種新型的離合器控制機構及其應用的內變速器。 The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a novel clutch control mechanism and an internal transmission to which the conventional internal transmission clutch control structure has the disadvantages of complicated processing and high production cost.
本發明採用如下技術方案實現：離合器控制機構，離合器轉動和滑動套裝在軸上，所述離合器上設有兩組離合結構，其中一組離合結構與一傳動部件傳動連接，另一組離合結構與另一傳動部件可離合連接，所述控制機構包括控制套筒、控制桿和控 制座，所述控制套筒和控制座分別套裝在軸上，所述控制套筒與離合器之間軸向定位連接，並且控制套筒和離合器之間自由旋轉裝配，所述控制座旋轉裝配在軸上，並與實現沿軸的周向旋轉的控制執行元件連接，所述控制桿沿軸的軸線方向滑動設置，一端與控制套筒之間軸向定位連接，另一端與控制座的轉動圓周上設置的控制凸輪面接觸。 The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a clutch control mechanism, a clutch rotating and sliding set on a shaft, the clutch is provided with two sets of clutch structures, one of which is drivingly connected to a transmission component, and the other set of clutch structures and Another transmission component can be connected by clutch, and the control mechanism includes a control sleeve, a control rod and a control rod. The control sleeve and the control seat are respectively set on the shaft, the control sleeve and the clutch are axially positioned and connected, and the control sleeve and the clutch are freely rotated and assembled, and the control seat is rotationally assembled on On the shaft and connected with the control actuator that realizes the rotation in the circumferential direction of the shaft, the control rod is slidably arranged along the axis of the shaft, one end is axially positioned and connected with the control sleeve, and the other end is connected with the rotation circle of the control seat The control cam set on the surface contacts.
進一步地，所述控制套筒嵌裝在離合器內孔，所述控制套筒的外壁設有凸緣，所述凸緣的一側與離合器內壁的軸向定位臺階抵接，另一側和軸向定位臺階之間透過軸向定位件實現軸向定位連接。 Further, the control sleeve is embedded in an inner hole of the clutch, and an outer wall of the control sleeve is provided with a flange, one side of the flange is in abutment with the axial positioning step of the inner wall of the clutch, and the other side and An axial positioning connection is realized between the axial positioning steps through an axial positioning member.
進一步地，所述控制套筒上設有定位孔，所述控制桿上設有嵌入定位孔中的定位凸塊，所述定位孔和定位凸塊之間嵌合裝配，實現控制桿和控制套筒之間的軸向定位連接。 Further, the control sleeve is provided with a positioning hole, the control lever is provided with a positioning projection embedded in the positioning hole, and the positioning hole and the positioning projection are fitted and assembled to realize the control lever and the control sleeve. Axial positioning connection between barrels.
進一步的，所述控制套筒連接控制桿的遠端透過壓縮的彈簧與軸上的軸肩連接。 Further, the distal end of the control sleeve is connected to the shaft shoulder on the shaft through a compressed spring.
進一步地，所述軸上設有軸向的滑槽，所述控制桿滑動嵌裝在滑槽內。 Further, the shaft is provided with an axial sliding groove, and the control rod is slidably embedded in the sliding groove.
內變速器，包括封裝在花鼓內部的行星輪系、以及設置在動力輸入座和行星輪系的行星架之間的離合器，所述離合器應用了本發明上述的離合器控制機構； 另外，所述行星輪系的內齒圈透過第一棘爪和花鼓內壁配合，並且，所述內齒圈還透過第二棘爪與動力輸入座配合，所述行星架透過第三棘爪和花鼓內壁配合； 所述第一棘爪、第二棘爪和第三棘爪透過壓簧保持彈起狀態，所述離合器上設有控制第一棘爪壓下的斜坡結構。 The internal transmission includes a planetary gear train enclosed inside a hub, and a clutch provided between a power input seat and a planetary carrier of the planetary gear train, the clutch applying the above-mentioned clutch control mechanism of the present invention; In addition, the inner ring gear of the planetary gear train cooperates with the inner wall of the hub through the first pawl, and the inner ring gear also cooperates with the power input seat through the second pawl, and the planet carrier passes through the third pawl. Cooperate with the inner wall of the hub; The first pawl, the second pawl, and the third pawl maintain a spring state through a compression spring, and the clutch is provided with a ramp structure for controlling the depression of the first pawl.
進一步地，所述行星輪系的中心輪與軸為一體結構。 Further, the central wheel of the planetary gear train and the shaft are an integrated structure.
進一步地，所述離合器一端與動力輸入座之間透過滑動牙嵌式結構形成常結合傳動狀態，所述離合器另一端與行星架之間透過牙嵌式離合結構形成離合配合；所述斜坡結構在離合器與行星架分離過程中與第一棘爪接觸，控制第一棘爪彈起後與花鼓內壁配合。 Further, a sliding tooth-embedded structure is formed between the one end of the clutch and the power input seat to form a constant combined transmission state, and a clutch fit is formed between the other end of the clutch and the planet carrier through a toothed clutch structure; the ramp structure is The clutch is in contact with the first pawl during the separation process of the planet carrier, and controls the first pawl to cooperate with the inner wall of the hub after the first pawl is popped up.
進一步地，所述第一棘爪的中間位置透過銷軸設置在內齒圈上，第一棘爪的外端透過壓簧彈起與花鼓內壁的棘槽嵌合，另一端與穿過內齒圈與離合器的斜坡結構接觸。 Further, the intermediate position of the first pawl is provided on the ring gear through a pin, and the outer end of the first pawl is spring-fitted with a ratchet groove on the inner wall of the hub through a compression spring, and the other end is inserted into the inner ring. The ring gear is in contact with the ramp structure of the clutch.
在本發明中，所述離合器控制機構的控制執行元件包括設置在花鼓外端的拉繩座，所述拉繩座轉動套裝在軸端部，並與控制座同軸旋轉傳動裝配，所述控制座透過安裝套筒旋轉安裝在軸上。 In the present invention, the control execution element of the clutch control mechanism includes a drawstring seat provided at the outer end of the hub, the drawstring seat is rotated and sleeved on the shaft end, and is coaxial with the control seat for rotation transmission assembly, and the control seat passes through The mounting sleeve is rotatably mounted on the shaft.
進一步地，所述控制執行元件還包括拉繩導向板，所述拉繩導向板透過導向板安裝座固定安裝在軸上，所述導向板安裝座透過固定螺母軸向固定在軸上，所述導向板安裝座位於拉繩座的安裝內圈中，所述拉繩導向板與導向板安裝座周向固定，並透過軸向卡環軸向固定，所述拉繩座轉動安裝在導向板安裝座上，連接檔位控制動力元件的拉繩透過拉繩導向板與拉繩座連接。 Further, the control execution element further includes a rope guide plate, the rope guide plate is fixedly installed on the shaft through a guide plate mounting seat, and the guide plate installation seat is axially fixed on the shaft through a fixing nut, the The guide plate mounting seat is located in the installation inner ring of the draw rope seat. The draw rope guide plate is circumferentially fixed with the guide plate mount and is axially fixed through an axial snap ring. The draw rope seat is rotatably installed on the guide plate. On the seat, a pulling rope connected to the gear control power element is connected to the pulling rope seat through a pulling rope guide plate.
本發明採用軸上裝配的控制座、控制桿和控制套筒控制離合器，不需要在軸上加工其他的結構，降低了軸零件的加工難度，同時控制座和控制桿之間、控制桿和控制套筒之間的裝配方式更加方便，降低了使用該離合器控制機構的內變速器成本，在內變速器中，該離合器同時控制行星架和內齒圈之間以及內齒圈和花鼓之間的離合控制，簡化了變速器內部構造，進一步提高了內變速器的輕便化，有利於內變速器的推廣應用。 The invention adopts a control seat, a control rod and a control sleeve assembled on the shaft to control the clutch, and it is not necessary to process other structures on the shaft, which reduces the processing difficulty of the shaft parts. At the same time, between the control seat and the control rod, the control rod and the control The assembly method between the sleeves is more convenient, which reduces the cost of the internal transmission using the clutch control mechanism. In the internal transmission, the clutch controls the clutch control between the planet carrier and the ring gear and between the ring gear and the hub. It simplifies the internal structure of the transmission, further improves the portability of the internal transmission, and is conducive to the promotion and application of the internal transmission.
以下結合附圖和具體實施方式對本發明做進一步說明。 The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
1‧‧‧離合器 1‧‧‧Clutch
101‧‧‧第一離合結構 101‧‧‧ the first clutch structure
102‧‧‧第二離合結構 102‧‧‧Second clutch structure
103‧‧‧斜坡結構 103‧‧‧Slope Structure
1031‧‧‧低位面 1031‧‧‧ low plane
1032‧‧‧高位面 1032‧‧‧ High Plane
104‧‧‧軸向定位臺階 104‧‧‧ axial positioning step
11‧‧‧控制套筒 11‧‧‧Control sleeve
111‧‧‧凸緣 111‧‧‧ flange
112‧‧‧定位孔 112‧‧‧ Positioning hole
12‧‧‧控制桿 12‧‧‧ joystick
121‧‧‧推動端部 121‧‧‧ push the end
122‧‧‧定位凸塊 122‧‧‧ positioning bump
13‧‧‧控制座 13‧‧‧Control Block
131‧‧‧控制凸輪面 131‧‧‧Control cam surface
14‧‧‧彈簧 14‧‧‧Spring
15‧‧‧軸向定位件 15‧‧‧ axial positioning
21‧‧‧內齒圈 21‧‧‧ Ring gear
211‧‧‧第一棘爪 211‧‧‧First Pawl
212‧‧‧第二棘爪 212‧‧‧Second Pawl
213‧‧‧第三棘爪 213‧‧‧The third pawl
22‧‧‧行星架 22‧‧‧ planet carrier
23‧‧‧中心輪 23‧‧‧ center wheel
3‧‧‧軸 3‧‧‧ axis
301‧‧‧軸肩 301‧‧‧ shaft shoulder
302‧‧‧軸向滑槽 302‧‧‧Axial chute
303‧‧‧旋轉安裝段 303‧‧‧Rotating installation section
4‧‧‧花鼓 4‧‧‧ hub
401‧‧‧棘槽 401‧‧‧thorn groove
41‧‧‧珠架組件 41‧‧‧Bead Rack Assembly
5‧‧‧動力輸入座 5‧‧‧Power Input Block
6‧‧‧控制執行組件 6‧‧‧Control execution component
61‧‧‧拉繩座 61‧‧‧Drawstring seat
62‧‧‧拉繩導向板 62‧‧‧Draw rope guide plate
63‧‧‧導向板安裝座 63‧‧‧Guide plate mount
64‧‧‧控制扭簧 64‧‧‧Control Torsion Spring
65‧‧‧安裝套筒 65‧‧‧Mounting sleeve
66‧‧‧軸向卡環 66‧‧‧ axial snap ring
67‧‧‧固定螺母 67‧‧‧Fixed nut
圖1為實施例中的離合器控制機構的裝配示意圖。 FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic diagram of a clutch control mechanism in the embodiment.
圖2為實施例中的離合器控制機構分解示意圖。 FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a clutch control mechanism in the embodiment.
圖3為實施例中的離合器控制機構及離合器的軸上裝配示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the clutch control mechanism and the shaft assembly of the clutch in the embodiment.
圖4為實施例中的軸結構示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shaft structure in the embodiment.
圖5為實施例中應用的內變速器裝配示意圖。 FIG. 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of the internal transmission used in the embodiment.
圖6為實施例中內變速器的第一檔位狀態示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first gear state of the internal transmission in the embodiment.
圖7為實施例中內變速器在第一檔位時的第一棘爪狀態示意圖。 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a state of a first pawl of an internal transmission in a first gear according to an embodiment.
圖8為實施例中的內變速器的第二檔位狀態示意圖。 FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second gear state of the internal transmission in the embodiment.
圖9為實施例中的內變速器在第二檔位時的第一棘爪狀態示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a state of a first pawl of the internal transmission in the second gear in the embodiment.
圖10為實施例中內變速器的第三檔位狀態示意圖。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third gear state of the internal transmission in the embodiment.
圖11為實施例中的內變速器的控制執行元件分解示意圖。 FIG. 11 is an exploded schematic view of a control actuator of the internal transmission in the embodiment.
實施例1 Example 1
參加圖1、圖2和圖3，本實施例中的離合器1為裝配在軸上的牙嵌式離合器，離合器1旋轉裝配在軸3上，在離合器1的內圈裝配有控制套筒11、控制桿12、控制座13、彈簧14和軸向定位件15等部件，用於控制離合器1沿軸3的軸線方向直線動作，實現離合動作，同時不影響離合器在兩個傳動部件直接傳遞旋轉動力。 As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the clutch 1 in this embodiment is a toothed clutch mounted on a shaft. The clutch 1 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 3. A control sleeve 11, Control rod 12, control seat 13, spring 14 and axial positioning member 15 are used to control the linear movement of clutch 1 in the axial direction of shaft 3 to realize the clutch action, without affecting the clutch to directly transmit rotary power in the two transmission parts .
具體的，控制套筒11與離合器1同軸套裝在軸3，控制套筒11可相對軸3以及離合器1之間軸向滑移，控制套筒11為一具有臺階結構凸緣111的套筒構件，控制套筒11裝配在離合器1內圈和軸3之間，透過凸緣111的一個臺階端面與離合器1內圈的軸向定位臺階104接觸，實現離合器1和控制套筒11之間一個軸向方向的定位，在離合器1內圈還設置用於裝配軸向定位件15的槽，該軸向定位件15可為軸向定位卡環，透過裝配軸向定位件15與凸緣111的另一個端面接觸，實現離合器1和控制套筒11之間另一個軸向方向的定位，最終一同實現離合器1和控制套筒11直接的可靠軸向定位，即控制套筒11能夠控制離合器1沿軸3的軸向左右滑移。同時，控制套筒11的外圈和離合器1的內圈之間、以及凸緣111和離合器1的軸向定位臺階104及軸向定位件15之間採用間隙配合，實現離合器1和控制套筒11之間的自由轉動裝配，即控制套筒11不會影響離合器1本身的旋轉傳動。 Specifically, the control sleeve 11 and the clutch 1 are coaxially sleeved on the shaft 3, the control sleeve 11 can axially slide relative to the shaft 3 and the clutch 1, and the control sleeve 11 is a sleeve member having a stepped flange 111. The control sleeve 11 is assembled between the inner ring of the clutch 1 and the shaft 3, and a step end surface of the flange 111 is in contact with the axial positioning step 104 of the inner ring of the clutch 1 to realize a shaft between the clutch 1 and the control sleeve 11. For positioning in the direction, a groove for assembling an axial positioning member 15 is also provided in the inner ring of the clutch 1. The axial positioning member 15 may be an axial positioning snap ring. One end face contacts to achieve the positioning in the other axial direction between the clutch 1 and the control sleeve 11, and finally achieves the direct and reliable axial positioning of the clutch 1 and the control sleeve 11 together, that is, the control sleeve 11 can control the clutch 1 along the shaft The 3 axis slides left and right. At the same time, a clearance fit is used between the outer ring of the control sleeve 11 and the inner ring of the clutch 1 and between the flange 111 and the axial positioning step 104 and the axial positioning member 15 of the clutch 1 to realize the clutch 1 and the control sleeve. The free rotation assembly between 11 means that the control sleeve 11 will not affect the rotation transmission of the clutch 1 itself.
控制座13為一旋轉套裝在軸3上的回轉構件，在控制座13的轉動圓周上設有具備高度差的控制凸輪面131，該控制凸輪面131設置在與控制套筒11相對的回轉端面上，控制凸輪面131上的點到控制套筒11之間的垂直距離透過控制凸輪面131上的高度差進行變化，控制座13透過在軸3上軸向滑移定位的控制桿12推動控制套筒11軸向滑移，進而帶動離合器1軸向動作。 The control base 13 is a rotating member that is sleeved on the shaft 3. A control cam surface 131 having a height difference is provided on the rotation circumference of the control base 13. The control cam surface 131 is provided on a rotating end surface opposite to the control sleeve 11. The vertical distance between the point on the control cam surface 131 and the control sleeve 11 is changed by the height difference on the control cam surface 131. The control base 13 pushes the control by the control rod 12 which is axially positioned on the shaft 3 The sleeve 11 slides axially, thereby driving the clutch 1 to move axially.
控制桿12為一桿狀構件，兩端分別連接控制套筒11和控制座13。具體的，控制桿12靠近控制座13的端部為圓頭的推動端部121，該推動端部121與控制座13的控制凸輪面131接觸，與控制座13之間形成一個凸輪副配合，控制桿12靠近控制套筒11的端部設置定位凸塊122，對應的，在控制套筒11的內圈設有一定位孔112，定位凸塊122與定位孔112嵌合，將控制桿12和定位套筒11之間實現軸向定位連接，控制凸輪面131隨著控制座13的轉動，推動控制桿12軸向動作，驅動控制套筒11軸向直線滑移。 The control lever 12 is a rod-shaped member, and the two ends of the control lever 12 are respectively connected to the control sleeve 11 and the control base 13. Specifically, the end of the control lever 12 near the control base 13 is a round-shaped pushing end 121. The pushing end 121 is in contact with the control cam surface 131 of the control base 13 and forms a cam pair with the control base 13. A positioning projection 122 is provided on the end of the control rod 12 near the control sleeve 11. Correspondingly, a positioning hole 112 is provided on the inner ring of the control sleeve 11. The positioning projection 122 fits into the positioning hole 112, and the control rod 12 and The positioning sleeves 11 are axially connected to each other. The control cam surface 131 drives the control rod 12 to move axially along with the rotation of the control base 13, and drives the control sleeve 11 to slide axially and linearly.
結合參見圖4，軸3上設有用於旋轉裝配控制套筒11的旋轉安裝段303，該旋轉安裝段303的直徑要大於一端安裝控制座13的軸段外徑，在該旋轉安裝段303上沿軸向開設軸向滑槽302，控制桿12滑動嵌裝在該軸向滑槽302內，實現控制桿12沿軸3的軸線方向滑移限位，同時將控制桿12部分嵌入軸3內安裝，避免控制桿12過多地佔用控制套筒11內圈的空間，可有效降低控制內圈的徑向尺寸。 With reference to FIG. 4, the shaft 3 is provided with a rotation mounting section 303 for rotatingly mounting the control sleeve 11. The diameter of the rotation mounting section 303 is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft section where the control seat 13 is mounted at one end. An axial slide groove 302 is opened in the axial direction, and the control rod 12 is slidably embedded in the axial slide groove 302 to realize the slide limit of the control rod 12 in the axial direction of the shaft 3, and at the same time, the control rod 12 is partially embedded in the shaft 3 The installation prevents the control rod 12 from occupying too much space in the inner ring of the control sleeve 11, which can effectively reduce the radial size of the control inner ring.
控制套筒11、控制桿12和控制座13配合實現圖3中從右向左推動離合器，壓縮的彈簧14則用於從左向右推動離合器軸向回位。控制套筒11遠離控制座13一端的軸3上設有軸肩301，在該軸肩301和控制套筒11之間設有壓縮的彈簧14，該壓縮的彈簧14的作用是在控制座13將控制套筒11向左推動後，驅動控制套筒11向右回位。 The control sleeve 11, the control lever 12 and the control seat 13 cooperate to realize pushing the clutch from right to left in FIG. 3, and the compressed spring 14 is used to push the clutch from the left to the right to return to the axial direction. A shaft shoulder 301 is provided on the shaft 3 at one end of the control sleeve 11 away from the control base 13. A compression spring 14 is provided between the shaft shoulder 301 and the control sleeve 11. The compressed spring 14 functions as a control seat 13. After the control sleeve 11 is pushed to the left, the control sleeve 11 is driven to return to the right.
結合參見圖5和圖1-4，圖示中的內變速器為採用本實施例的離合器及離合器控制機構的優選實施方案，包括行星輪系、離合器1、軸3、花鼓4、動力輸入座5以及控制執行元件6，軸3為車輪軸，行星輪系封裝在軸3和花鼓4之間，動力輸入座5透過離合器1與行星輪系的動力輸入端透過離合器1連接，控制動力輸入座5和行星輪系的動力輸入端之間以及行星輪系的棘爪離合控制，控制執行元件6則用於控制離合器控制機構中的控制座13。 5 and FIG. 1-4 in combination, the internal transmission shown in the figure is a preferred implementation using the clutch and clutch control mechanism of this embodiment, including a planetary gear train, a clutch 1, a shaft 3, a hub 4, a power input seat 5 And control actuator 6, the shaft 3 is a wheel shaft, the planetary gear train is enclosed between the shaft 3 and the hub 4, the power input seat 5 is connected to the power input end of the planetary gear train through the clutch 1 through the clutch 1, and the power input seat 5 is controlled Between the power input end of the planetary gear train and the pawl clutch control of the planetary gear train, the control actuator 6 is used to control the control seat 13 in the clutch control mechanism.
具體的，本實施例中的行星輪系包括內齒圈21、第一棘爪211、第二棘爪212、行星架22、中心輪23和若干行星輪。其中內齒圈21的內圈透過第二棘爪212與動力輸入座5之間單傳動裝配，動力輸入座5與內變速器外部連接的動力輸入傳動件連接，如飛輪，內齒圈21透過第一棘爪211與花鼓4的內壁單向傳動配合，行星架22的外圈透過第三棘爪213與花鼓4的內部單向傳動配合，本實施例中所指的單向傳動配合均是至驅動花鼓4連接的車輪向前轉動的傳動方向。在這裡，第一棘爪211、第二棘爪212和第三棘爪213均透過壓簧裝配，並保持初始狀態為彈起狀態(即單向傳動的狀態)，具體如何透過壓簧裝配棘爪為內變速器中常用的技術手段，本實施例在此不做贅述。 Specifically, the planetary gear train in this embodiment includes an internal ring gear 21, a first pawl 211, a second pawl 212, a planet carrier 22, a center wheel 23, and a plurality of planetary gears. The inner ring of the ring gear 21 is assembled through a single transmission between the second pawl 212 and the power input seat 5. The power input seat 5 is connected to a power input transmission member connected externally to the internal transmission, such as a flywheel. A pawl 211 cooperates with the unidirectional transmission of the inner wall of the hub 4. The outer ring of the planet carrier 22 cooperates with the inner unidirectional transmission of the hub 4 through the third pawl 213. The unidirectional transmission cooperation referred to in this embodiment is To the drive direction of the wheels connected to the driving hub 4 forward. Here, the first pawl 211, the second pawl 212, and the third pawl 213 are all assembled through a compression spring, and the initial state is maintained in a spring state (that is, a one-way transmission state). Specifically, how to assemble the ratchet through the compression spring The claw is a commonly used technical means in the internal transmission, and details are not described herein in this embodiment.
行星輪系的動力輸入端根據檔位的不同，可以為內齒圈21或是行星架22，本實施例中的離合器1設置在動力輸入座5和行星架22之間，再次參見圖2，本實施例的離合器1在兩端分別設有第一離合結構101和第二離合結構102，其中，第一離合結構101為設置在離合器端面圓周的若干凸起，與行 星架22的內圈端面設置的若干凹槽相互嵌合，能過分離和結合的牙嵌式離合結構，第二離合結構102為設置在離合器另一端面外圓周的若干凸起，與動力輸入座5內圈設置的若干軸向凹槽滑動嵌合，形成常結合狀態的滑動牙嵌式結構，第一離合結構101與行星架22分離或結合的過程中，第二離合結構102始終與動力輸入座5保持動力傳動狀態。 The power input end of the planetary gear train may be the ring gear 21 or the planet carrier 22 according to the different gears. The clutch 1 in this embodiment is disposed between the power input seat 5 and the planet carrier 22, referring to FIG. 2 again, The clutch 1 of this embodiment is provided with a first clutch structure 101 and a second clutch structure 102 at both ends, wherein the first clutch structure 101 is a plurality of protrusions provided on the circumference of the end face of the clutch. A plurality of grooves provided on the end face of the inner ring of the star frame 22 are fitted with each other, and can be separated and combined by a tooth-embedded clutch structure. The second clutch structure 102 is a plurality of protrusions provided on the outer circumference of the other end face of the clutch, and is connected with power input. A plurality of axial grooves provided in the inner ring of the seat 5 are slidingly fitted to form a sliding tooth-embedded structure in a normally coupled state. During the process of separating or combining the first clutch structure 101 and the planet carrier 22, the second clutch structure 102 is always connected with power. The input seat 5 maintains a power transmission state.
本實施例的離合器1穿過內齒圈21與行星架離合動作，在離合器1的外圈還設有沿周向設置的斜坡結構103，斜坡結構103的一側的離合器外徑大於另一側的外徑，相互之間透過斜坡結構103連接，在斜坡結構103的兩側分別形成低位面1031(較大的離合器外徑)和高位面1032(較小的離合器外徑)，該斜坡結構103與設置在內齒圈21和花鼓4之間的第一棘爪211接觸，可控制第一棘爪211從彈起狀態變換為壓下狀態。 The clutch 1 of this embodiment passes through the ring gear 21 and engages with the planet carrier. The outer ring of the clutch 1 is further provided with a slope structure 103 arranged in the circumferential direction. The outside diameter of the clutch on one side of the slope structure 103 is larger than the other side. The outer diameter of the ramp structure 103 is connected to each other through the slope structure 103, and a low surface 1031 (larger clutch outer diameter) and a high surface 1032 (smaller clutch outer diameter) are formed on both sides of the slope structure 103. The ramp structure 103 In contact with the first pawl 211 provided between the ring gear 21 and the hub 4, the first pawl 211 can be controlled to change from a popped state to a depressed state.
如圖7和圖9所示，第一棘爪211的中間位置透過銷軸轉動設置在內齒圈21上，第一棘爪211的外側棘齒端透過壓簧彈起與花鼓內壁的棘槽嵌合，形成單向傳動，內側則穿過內齒圈21與離合器的外徑接觸，經過斜坡結構103兩端的高位面和低位面之間的變換，透過槓桿作用將第一棘爪211的外側壓下，使內齒圈21和花鼓4分離。 As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the intermediate position of the first pawl 211 is rotatably provided on the ring gear 21 through a pin shaft. The outer ratchet end of the first pawl 211 bounces off the ratchet on the inner wall of the hub through a compression spring. The grooves are fitted to form a one-way transmission. The inner side passes through the ring gear 21 and contacts the outer diameter of the clutch. After the change between the upper and lower surfaces of the slope structure 103 at both ends, the first pawl 211 The outer ring gear 21 is separated from the hub 4 by pressing down.
本實施例為三速內變速器，不需要控制中心輪23，中心輪23與軸3之間固定裝配，為了節省裝配成本，可將中心輪23在軸3上一體加工成型。 This embodiment is a three-speed internal transmission, and does not need to control the center wheel 23. The center wheel 23 and the shaft 3 are fixedly assembled. In order to save the assembly cost, the center wheel 23 may be integrally processed and molded on the shaft 3.
以下結合圖6-圖10詳細說明本實施例的三速內變速器的檔位傳動狀態。 The gear transmission state of the three-speed internal transmission of this embodiment is described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10.
當控制座13的控制凸輪面的低位與控制桿接觸時，控制套筒11及離合器1在彈簧14的作用下向右推動，此時離合器1與行星架22之間為動力分離狀態，並且離合器的斜坡結構103的高位面1032與第一棘爪211的內側接觸，將第一棘爪211控制為壓下狀態，使內齒圈21與花鼓4之間為動力分離狀態，此時動力由動力輸入座5進入，透過第二棘爪212傳遞至內齒圈21，內齒圈21將旋轉動力傳入行星輪系進行減速傳動，然後由行星架22經第三棘爪輸出至花鼓4，帶動花鼓連接的車輪轉動，該檔位為低速檔，動力傳遞路線如圖6中的箭頭所示，第一棘爪211的狀態如圖7所示。 When the low position of the control cam surface of the control seat 13 is in contact with the control lever, the control sleeve 11 and the clutch 1 are pushed to the right under the action of the spring 14, at this time, the clutch 1 and the planet carrier 22 are in a power release state, and the clutch The upper surface 1032 of the ramp structure 103 is in contact with the inside of the first pawl 211, and the first pawl 211 is controlled to be in a depressed state, so that the inner ring gear 21 and the hub 4 are in a power separation state. At this time, the power is driven by power The input seat 5 enters and is transmitted to the internal ring gear 21 through the second pawl 212. The internal ring gear 21 transmits the rotational power to the planetary gear train for deceleration transmission, and then is output from the planet carrier 22 to the hub 4 through the third pawl, driving the The wheel connected to the hub rotates. This gear is a low gear. The power transmission route is shown by the arrow in FIG. 6, and the state of the first pawl 211 is shown in FIG. 7.
當控制座13的控制凸輪面的中間位置與控制桿接觸時，控制座13透過控制桿12推動控制套筒11向左側的行星架靠近，此時離合器1與行星架22之間仍為分離狀態，但是在離合器1向左移動的過程中，離合器1的外圈與第 一棘爪211內側接觸的位置由高位面1032經斜坡結構103變換至低位面1031，第一棘爪211的內側失去離合器的限制，在自身壓簧的作用下彈起，變換內齒圈21與花鼓4之間為單向動力傳動狀態，此時，動力由動力輸入座5進入，直接透過第一棘爪211傳遞至花鼓4輸出，帶動花鼓連接的車輪轉動，該檔位為直接擋，花鼓4的轉速超過行星架22的轉速，第三棘爪213被超越，動力傳遞路線如圖8中的箭頭所示，第一棘爪211的狀態如圖9所示。 When the middle position of the control cam surface of the control base 13 is in contact with the control lever, the control base 13 pushes the control sleeve 11 through the control lever 12 toward the planet carrier on the left, and the clutch 1 and the planet carrier 22 are still separated at this time. , But during the movement of clutch 1 to the left, the outer ring of clutch 1 and the first The position of the inside contact of a pawl 211 is changed from the high-level surface 1032 to the low-level surface 1031 via the ramp structure 103. The inside of the first pawl 211 loses the restriction of the clutch and springs up under the action of its own compression spring. The hubs 4 are in a one-way power transmission state. At this time, the power is entered by the power input seat 5 and is directly transmitted to the hub 4 through the first pawl 211 to output the wheels connected to the hub. This gear is a direct block, hub. The rotation speed of 4 exceeds the rotation speed of the planet carrier 22, the third pawl 213 is surpassed, the power transmission route is shown by an arrow in FIG. 8, and the state of the first pawl 211 is shown in FIG.
當控制座13的控制凸輪面的高位與控制桿接觸時，控制座13繼續透過控制桿12推動控制套筒11向左側的行星架靠近，將離合器1與行星架22之間變換為結合狀態，此時第一棘爪211的內側保持與離合器1外圈的低位面接觸，內齒圈21與花鼓4之間為單向動力傳遞狀態，此時，動力由動力輸入座5進入，透過離合器1傳遞至行星架22，行星架22將旋轉動力傳入行星輪系進行增速傳動，然後由內齒圈21由第一棘爪211輸出至花鼓4，帶動花鼓連接的車輪轉動，該檔位為增速擋，花鼓4及內齒圈21的轉速超過動力輸入座5的轉速，第二棘爪212被超越，動力傳遞路線如圖10中的箭頭所示，第一棘爪211的狀態仍然如圖9所示。 When the high position of the control cam surface of the control base 13 is in contact with the control lever, the control base 13 continues to push the control sleeve 11 through the control lever 12 to approach the planet carrier on the left, changing the clutch 1 and the planet carrier 22 into a combined state. At this time, the inner side of the first pawl 211 is kept in contact with the lower surface of the outer ring of the clutch 1, and the one-way power transmission state is formed between the ring gear 21 and the hub 4. At this time, the power enters through the power input seat 5 and passes through the clutch 1. Transmission to the planet carrier 22, the planet carrier 22 transmits the rotational power to the planetary gear train for speed-up transmission, and then the inner ring gear 21 is output from the first pawl 211 to the hub 4 to drive the wheels connected by the hub to rotate. In the speed increase gear, the rotation speed of the hub 4 and the ring gear 21 exceeds the rotation speed of the power input seat 5, the second pawl 212 is overridden, and the power transmission route is shown by the arrow in FIG. 10. The state of the first pawl 211 is still as Figure 9 shows.
如圖11所示，在內變速器中，離合器控制機構的控制執行元件6包括拉繩座61、拉繩導向板62、導向板安裝座63、控制扭簧64、安裝套筒65、軸向卡環66和固定螺母67。其中拉繩座61及控制座13均透過安裝套筒65轉動安裝在軸3的端部，並與花鼓之間透過珠架元件41轉動裝配，拉繩座61和安裝套筒65之間以及安裝套筒65和控制座13之間分別透過周向定位結構連接，拉繩座61與內變速器外部的拉繩系統連接，透過拉繩驅動拉繩座61相對于軸3周向轉動，進而驅動離合器控制機構的控制座13轉動，同時，拉繩座61和軸3之間透過控制扭簧64連接，實現拉繩座61的彈性回位。拉繩導向板62透過導向板安裝座63周向定位裝配在拉繩座61的外側，用於拉繩座的軸向定位同時，還用於對拉繩引入拉繩座進行導向，導向板安裝座63透過與軸3之間透過非圓扁位周向定位裝配，拉繩導向板62和導向板安裝座63之間透過周向嵌合的凸起和凹槽實現定位裝配，同時，在導向板安裝座63的外側設置軸向卡環66，作為拉繩導向板62的軸向定位裝配，導向板安裝座63外側的軸3上螺接固定螺母67，實現整個離合器控制機構及控制執行元件在軸3的軸向鎖緊。導向板安裝座63嵌裝在拉繩座61的內圈中，在更換飛輪 時：取掉軸向卡環66即可取出拉繩導向板62和拉繩座61，實現不拆取螺母的情況下進行內變速器的動力輸入座連接的飛輪更換，而不會影響內部結構裝配。 As shown in FIG. 11, in the internal transmission, the control actuator 6 of the clutch control mechanism includes a pull rope seat 61, a rope guide plate 62, a guide plate mount 63, a control torsion spring 64, a mounting sleeve 65, and an axial card. Ring 66 and fixing nut 67. Among them, the draw cord base 61 and the control base 13 are rotatably mounted on the end of the shaft 3 through a mounting sleeve 65, and are rotatably assembled with the hub through the bead frame element 41, between the draw cord base 61 and the mounting sleeve 65, and the installation The sleeve 65 and the control seat 13 are respectively connected through a circumferential positioning structure, and the draw rope seat 61 is connected to a draw rope system outside the internal transmission. The draw rope seat 61 is driven to rotate in a circumferential direction relative to the shaft through the draw rope, thereby driving the clutch. The control base 13 of the control mechanism rotates, and at the same time, the pull rope base 61 and the shaft 3 are connected through a control torsion spring 64 to realize the elastic return of the pull rope base 61. The rope guide plate 62 is positioned on the outer side of the rope seat 61 through the guide plate mounting seat 63 in a circumferential direction and is used for the axial positioning of the rope seat. At the same time, it is also used to guide the rope introduction into the rope seat. The guide plate is installed The seat 63 is positioned and assembled through the non-circular flat position between the shaft 3 and the shaft 3, and the positioning and assembling are achieved through the circumferentially fitted protrusions and grooves between the rope guide plate 62 and the guide plate mounting seat 63. An axial snap ring 66 is provided on the outside of the plate mounting seat 63 as an axial positioning assembly of the rope guide plate 62. The shaft 3 on the outside of the guide plate mounting seat 63 is screwed with a fixing nut 67 to realize the entire clutch control mechanism and control actuator The shaft 3 is locked in the axial direction. The guide plate mounting seat 63 is embedded in the inner ring of the rope seat 61, and the flywheel is replaced Time: Remove the axial snap ring 66 to take out the rope guide plate 62 and the rope seat 61, and realize the replacement of the flywheel connected to the power input seat of the internal transmission without removing the nut without affecting the internal structure assembly .
本發明所應用的內變速器可應用在包括自行車、電動助力自行車或摩托車的輪轂上，並且也不僅限於本實施中所述的三速內變速器，本領域技術人員可根據傳動速比的不同，採用以上實施例在本申請專利範圍內的各種相似實施方式，本實施例在此不一一列舉。 The internal transmission to which the present invention is applied can be applied to the hubs of bicycles, electric power-assisted bicycles, or motorcycles, and is not limited to the three-speed internal transmission described in this implementation. Those skilled in the art may use different transmission speed ratios, Various similar implementations within the scope of the patent of the present application are adopted in the above embodiments, and this embodiment is not enumerated here.
本申請要求於2017年02月27日提交中國專利局、申請號為201710108815.5、發明名稱為“離合器控制機構及其應用的內變速器”的專利申請，其全部內容透過引用結合在本申請中。 This application requires a patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on February 27, 2017, with an application number of 201710108815.5, and the invention name is "Clutch Control Mechanism and Its Internal Transmission", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710108815.5A CN108506368B (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | Clutch control mechanism and internal transmission applied by same |
| ??201710108815.5 | 2017-02-27 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201831803A TW201831803A (en) | 2018-09-01 |
| TWI658964B true TWI658964B (en) | 2019-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| TW106142339A TWI658964B (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-12-04 | Clutch control mechanism and inner transmission having the same |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108506368B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI658964B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018153117A1 (en) |
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| US5769750A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1998-06-23 | Sturmey-Archer Limited | Epicyclic change gear system |
| TW408071B (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-10-11 | Shimano Kk | Internal speed-changing hub for bicycle |
| TW200514724A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-01 | Sun Race Sturmey Archer Inc | Transmission hub structure of bicycle for rotary gearshift |
| TW201127691A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-16 | Mbi Co Ltd | Auxiliary speed-shifting device for bicycle |
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| US6607465B1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2003-08-19 | Shimano, Inc. | Bicycle hub transmission with a guiding member for a sun gear |
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| CN201021345Y (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2008-02-13 | 福隆尖端科技股份有限公司 | Internal speed variator of bicycle |
| CN201254436Y (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2009-06-10 | 川方企业股份有限公司 | Winch engaging and disengaging gear |
| TW201024577A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-01 | Sunrace Roots Entpr Co Ltd | Stationary transmission inner derailleur |
| JP2012066723A (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-04-05 | Ntn Corp | Power-assisted bicycle with regeneration mechanism |
| CN202827982U (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-03-27 | 谢定义 | Bicycle internal speed-change device |
| CN103569306B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-06 | 李激初 | Inner speed changer of bicycle |
| TWI542506B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-21 | Univ Nat Yunlin Sci & Tech | Bicycle five speed inner speed change mechanism |
| CN204878704U (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-16 | 李激初 | Installation of centre wheel pawl structure for keep off derailleur more and answer |
| CN206600385U (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-10-31 | 李激初 | Clutch control mechanism and its internal speed changer of application |
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2017
- 2017-02-27 CN CN201710108815.5A patent/CN108506368B/en active Active
- 2017-10-20 WO PCT/CN2017/106984 patent/WO2018153117A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-12-04 TW TW106142339A patent/TWI658964B/en active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5769750A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1998-06-23 | Sturmey-Archer Limited | Epicyclic change gear system |
| TW408071B (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-10-11 | Shimano Kk | Internal speed-changing hub for bicycle |
| TW200514724A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-01 | Sun Race Sturmey Archer Inc | Transmission hub structure of bicycle for rotary gearshift |
| TW201127691A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-16 | Mbi Co Ltd | Auxiliary speed-shifting device for bicycle |
| CN204056187U (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-31 | 李激初 | A kind of internal speed variator of bicycle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201831803A (en) | 2018-09-01 |
| CN108506368B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
| CN108506368A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| WO2018153117A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
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