TWI655826B - Method of balancing battery voltage - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種平衡電池電壓的方法由一電池管理系統所執行，該電池管理系統包括N個電池單元、一主控制器、N個電池管理單元，及N個主動平衡單元，一外部充電裝置對該N個電池單元進行充電，以驅動該N個電池單元的被動平衡，其中，N為正整數，該方法為該N個電池管理單元分別量測該N個電池單元的電壓值，每一電池管理單元據以產生一指示所對應的該電池單元的該電壓值的量測信號，並將該量測信號傳送至該主控制器，該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第一個電池單元的電壓值是否低於一第一平均值，並決定是否由該主動平衡單元對該電池單元執行充電。 A method for balancing battery voltage is performed by a battery management system including N battery cells, a main controller, N battery management units, and N active balancing units, and an external charging device for the N The battery unit is charged to drive the passive balance of the N battery cells, wherein N is a positive integer, the method is respectively measuring the voltage values of the N battery cells by the N battery management units, and each battery management unit is Generating a measurement signal indicating the voltage value of the corresponding battery unit, and transmitting the measurement signal to the main controller, the main controller determining the voltage of the first battery unit in the battery units Whether the value is lower than a first average value and determining whether charging is performed on the battery unit by the active balancing unit.
Description
本發明是有關於一種電池充電的方法，特別是指一種可使電池模組的數個電池電壓達到平衡的充電方法。 The invention relates to a method for charging a battery, in particular to a charging method for balancing a plurality of battery voltages of a battery module.
現今汽、機車的動力來源大多數是以石油為主，然而長久以來，燃油所排放的廢氣已對環境空氣造成嚴重汙染，除此之外，地球現有的石化資源也已日漸短缺，為了因應此類問題，以電力作為汽、機車主要的動力來源的議題已逐漸受到重視。目前市售電動汽、機車主要以電池模組供應電力，且為符合環保及經濟需求，電池模組通常會設計為可重複充電使用，因此如何有效的讓電池模組充電重複利用是目前發展電動汽、機車主要的挑戰。 Most of the current power sources for steam and locomotives are mainly oil. However, the exhaust gas emitted by fuel oil has caused serious pollution to the ambient air for a long time. In addition, the existing petrochemical resources of the earth have become increasingly scarce. Class issues, the issue of using electricity as the main source of power for steam and locomotives has gradually gained attention. At present, electric steam and locomotives are mainly supplied with battery modules, and in order to meet environmental protection and economic needs, battery modules are usually designed to be rechargeable, so how to effectively reuse battery modules is currently developing electric The main challenges of steam and locomotives.
電池模組目前現有的充電方法主要為放電式的被動平衡，由於製程差異、使用習慣，及使用環境等影響變因，電池模組的各個電池即便以同一電力來源同時充電，每一電池也不一定可同時達到相同的電量，因此為避免先達到較高電量的電池被過度充電 而造成不可回復的損壞，目前的充電機制會由一主控制器監控電池模組的各電池充電狀況，將電量較高的電池對外部電阻放電以避免過度充電，而其餘電池則可同時間繼續充電，然而這樣的做法雖可避免電池過充損壞，但釋放過多電量無形中也造成了浪費，因此如何同時使具有較高電量的電池不需消耗電量避免過充又能使較低電量的電池可繼續充電是一值得探討的充電管理議題。 The current charging method of the battery module is mainly the passive balance of the discharge type. Due to process differences, usage habits, and the use environment, the battery of each battery module is charged simultaneously with the same power source, and each battery is not charged. Must be able to reach the same amount of power at the same time, so to avoid overcharging the battery that reaches the higher battery first The irreversible damage is caused by the current charging mechanism, which monitors the battery charging status of the battery module by a main controller, discharges the battery with higher power to the external resistor to avoid overcharging, and the remaining batteries can continue at the same time. Charging, however, this method can avoid battery overcharge damage, but the excessive discharge of power is invisible, which also causes waste. Therefore, how to make the battery with higher power do not need to consume power to avoid overcharging and can make the battery with lower power. Continued charging is a topic of charge management that is worth exploring.
因此，本發明的目的，即在提供一種可使一電連接一外部充電裝置的電池模組達到電壓平衡的平衡電池電壓的方法。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of balancing a battery voltage that allows a battery module that is electrically connected to an external charging device to achieve voltage balance.
於是，本發明平衡電池電壓的方法，由一電池管理系統所執行，該電池管理系統包括N個電池單元、一電連接每一電池單元的主控制器、N個分別電連接該N個電池單元的電池管理單元，及N個電連接該N個電池單元的主動平衡單元，一外部充電裝置提供一電力信號對該N個電池單元進行充電，以驅動該N個電池單元的被動平衡，其中，N為正整數，且N>1，該方法包含一步驟(A)、一步驟(B)、一步驟(C)、一步驟(D)，及一步驟(E)。 Therefore, the method for balancing the battery voltage of the present invention is performed by a battery management system including N battery cells, a main controller electrically connected to each battery cell, and N electrically connected to the N battery cells respectively. a battery management unit, and N active balancing units electrically connected to the N battery cells, wherein an external charging device provides a power signal to charge the N battery cells to drive the passive balancing of the N battery cells, wherein N is a positive integer, and N>1. The method comprises a step (A), a step (B), a step (C), a step (D), and a step (E).
該步驟(A)為該N個電池管理單元分別量測該N個電池單元的電壓值，每一電池管理單元據以產生一指示所對應的該電池單元的該電壓值的量測信號，並將該量測信號傳送至該主控制器。 The step (A) is to measure the voltage values of the N battery cells for the N battery management units, and each battery management unit generates a measurement signal indicating the voltage value of the corresponding battery unit, and The measurement signal is transmitted to the main controller.
該步驟(B)為該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第一個電池單元的電壓值是否低於一第一平均值。 The step (B) is that the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit in the battery cells is lower than a first average value.
該步驟(C)為若該步驟(B)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接該第一個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該電池單元執行充電。 The step (C) is that if the determination result of the step (B) is YES, the main controller controls the active balancing unit electrically connected to the first battery unit to perform charging on the battery unit.
該步驟(D)為若該步驟(B)的判斷結果為否，該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第二個電池單元的電壓值是否低於該第一平均值。 The step (D) is that if the determination result of the step (B) is negative, the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the second battery unit in the battery cells is lower than the first average value.
該步驟(E)為若該步驟(D)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接第二個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該第二個電池單元充電。 The step (E) is that if the determination result of the step (D) is YES, the main controller controls the active balancing unit electrically connected to the second battery unit to charge the second battery unit.
本發明的另一目的，即在提供一種可使一電連接一外部裝置，並對該外部裝置放電的電池模組達到電壓平衡的方法。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of achieving voltage balance by a battery module that electrically connects an external device and discharges the external device.
該平衡電池電壓的方法，由一電池管理系統所執行，該電池管理系統包括N個電池單元、一電連接每一電池單元的主控制器、N個分別電連接該N個電池單元的電池管理單元、N個電連接該N個電池單元的主動平衡單元，該N個電池對一外部裝置提供一電力信號，其中，N為正整數，且N>1，該方法包含一步驟(A’)、一步驟(B’)、一步驟(C’)、一步驟(D’)，及一步驟(E’)。 The method for balancing the battery voltage is performed by a battery management system including N battery units, a main controller electrically connected to each battery unit, and N battery managements respectively electrically connecting the N battery units a unit, N active balancing units electrically connecting the N battery cells, the N batteries providing a power signal to an external device, wherein N is a positive integer, and N>1, the method includes a step (A') One step (B'), one step (C'), one step (D'), and one step (E').
該步驟(A’)為每一電池管理單元量測各自所電連接的電池單元的電壓值，並將每一電壓值傳送至該主控制器。 This step (A') measures the voltage value of each of the battery cells electrically connected to each battery management unit, and transmits each voltage value to the main controller.
該步驟(B’)為該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第一個電池單元的電壓值是否低於一第二平均值。 The step (B') is that the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit in the battery cells is lower than a second average value.
該步驟(C’)為若該步驟(B’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接該第一個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該電池單元執行充電。 The step (C') is such that if the decision result of the step (B') is YES, the main controller controls the active balancing unit electrically connected to the first battery unit to perform charging of the battery unit.
該步驟(D’)為若該步驟(B’)的判斷結果為否，該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第二個電池單元的電壓值是否低於該第二平均值。 The step (D') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (B') is negative, the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the second battery cell in the battery cells is lower than the second average value.
該步驟(E’)為若該步驟(D’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接第二個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該第二個電池單元充電。 The step (E') is such that if the decision result of the step (D') is YES, the main controller controls the active balancing unit electrically connected to the second battery unit to charge the second battery unit.
本發明的另一目的，即在提供一種可使電池模組電壓達到平衡的電池管理系統。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery management system that balances the voltage of a battery module.
該電池管理系統電連接一外部充電裝置。 The battery management system is electrically connected to an external charging device.
該電池管理系統包含N個電池單元、一主控制器、N個電池管理單元，及N個主動平衡單元。 The battery management system includes N battery units, a main controller, N battery management units, and N active balancing units.
該N個電池單元，與該外部充電裝置電連接並由該外部 充電裝置提供一電力信號而進行充電，其中，N為正整數，且N>1。 The N battery cells are electrically connected to the external charging device and are external to the external charging device The charging device provides a power signal for charging, wherein N is a positive integer and N>1.
該主控制器電連接於該等電池單元。 The main controller is electrically connected to the battery cells.
該N個電池管理單元，分別電連接該N個電池單元。 The N battery management units are electrically connected to the N battery cells.
該N個主動平衡單元，分別電連接該N個電池單元。 The N active balancing units are electrically connected to the N battery cells.
該N個電池管理單元分別量測該N個電池單元的電壓值，每一電池管理單元據以產生一指示所對應的該電池單元的該電壓值的量測信號，並將該量測信號傳送至該主控制器，該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第一個電池單元的電壓值是否低於一第一平均值，若該判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接該第一個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該電池單元執行充電，若該判斷結果為否，該主控制器判斷該等電池單元中的第二個電池單元的電壓值是否低於該第一平均值，若該判斷結果為是，則該主控制器控制電連接第二個電池單元的該主動平衡單元對該第二個電池單元充電。 The N battery management units respectively measure voltage values of the N battery cells, and each battery management unit generates a measurement signal indicating the corresponding voltage value of the battery unit, and transmits the measurement signal Up to the main controller, the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit in the battery units is lower than a first average value, and if the determination result is yes, the main controller controls the electrical connection The active balancing unit of the first battery unit performs charging on the battery unit. If the determination result is no, the main controller determines whether the voltage value of the second battery unit in the battery units is lower than the first average Value, if the result of the determination is yes, the main controller controls the active balancing unit electrically connected to the second battery unit to charge the second battery unit.
本發明的功效在於：藉由多數個主動平衡單元及多數個電池管理單元對應電連接多數個電池單元，及電連接該等電池單元的主控制器控制該等電池單元充電或不充電，使該等電池單元達到充電電壓平衡且無需消耗浪費多餘的電力。 The utility model has the advantages that: the plurality of active balancing units and the plurality of battery management units are correspondingly electrically connected to the plurality of battery units, and the main controller electrically connecting the battery units controls the charging or not charging of the battery units, so that the The battery cells reach the charging voltage balance and do not need to waste unnecessary power.
A~E‧‧‧對電池充電的步驟 A~E‧‧‧Steps for charging the battery
F~G‧‧‧檢查電池電壓的子步驟 F~G‧‧‧Substeps for checking battery voltage
A0~A2‧‧‧判斷充電電流的子步驟 A0~A2‧‧‧Substeps for judging charging current
C0~C4‧‧‧判斷充電時間的子步驟 C0~C4‧‧‧ substeps to determine charging time
A’~E’‧‧‧對電池充電的步驟 A’~E’‧‧‧Steps for charging the battery
F’~G’‧‧‧檢查電池電壓的子步驟 F'~G’‧‧‧ substeps to check battery voltage
B0’~B4’‧‧‧判斷放電條件的子步驟 Substeps for determining discharge conditions in B0’~B4’‧‧
C0’~C4’‧‧‧判斷充電時間的子步驟 C0’~C4’‧‧‧ substeps to determine charging time
2‧‧‧電池單元 2‧‧‧ battery unit
3‧‧‧主控制器 3‧‧‧Master controller
4‧‧‧電池管理單元 4‧‧‧Battery Management Unit
5‧‧‧主動平衡單元 5‧‧‧Active balance unit
Vth‧‧‧門檻值 Vth‧‧‧ threshold
K1‧‧‧第一放電條件值 K1‧‧‧First discharge condition value
K2‧‧‧第二放電條件值 K2‧‧‧second discharge condition value
K3‧‧‧第三放電條件值 K3‧‧‧ Third discharge condition value
K4‧‧‧第四放電條件值 K4‧‧‧fourth discharge condition value
本發明的其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式 中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一流程圖，說明本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的一第一實施例；圖2是一系統方塊圖，說明一實施該第一實施例的電池管理系統；圖3是一時序圖，說明該實施例中電池管理系統的控制充電方式；圖4是一流程圖，說明本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的一第二實施例；及圖5是一時序圖，說明該實施例中電池管理系統的控制充電方式。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments of the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a first embodiment of a method for balancing battery voltage of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a system block diagram illustrating a battery management system embodying the first embodiment; 3 is a timing chart illustrating the control charging mode of the battery management system in the embodiment; FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a second embodiment of the method for balancing the battery voltage of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a timing chart. The control charging mode of the battery management system in this embodiment will be described.
在本發明被詳細描述前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示 Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same reference numerals.
參閱圖1、2，本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的一第一實施例，由一電池管理系統所執行，該電池管理系統包括N個串聯的電池單元2、一電連接每一電池單元2的主控制器3、N個分別電連接該N個電池單元2的電池管理單元4，及N個電連接該N個電池單元2的主動平衡單元5，一外部充電裝置(圖未示)提供一電力信號對 該N個電池單元2進行充電，以驅動該N個電池單元2的被動平衡，其中，N為大於1的正整數，該電池管理系統執行該平衡電池電壓的方法的實施例時，是執行一步驟(A)、一步驟(B)、一步驟(C)、一步驟(D)，及一步驟(E)。 Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the method for balancing battery voltage of the present invention is performed by a battery management system comprising N battery cells 2 connected in series, one electrically connected to each battery cell 2 The main controller 3, N battery management units 4 respectively electrically connecting the N battery units 2, and N active balancing units 5 electrically connected to the N battery units 2, an external charging device (not shown) provides a Power signal pair The N battery cells 2 are charged to drive the passive balance of the N battery cells 2, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1, and when the battery management system performs the method of balancing the battery voltage, the implementation is performed Step (A), one step (B), one step (C), one step (D), and one step (E).
在該步驟(A)中，該N個電池管理單元4分別量測該N個電池單元2的電壓值，每一電池管理單元4據以產生一指示所對應的該電池單元2的該電壓值的量測信號，並將該量測信號傳送至該主控制器3，而該等量測信號即為對該等電池單元2的電壓值。 In the step (A), the N battery management units 4 respectively measure the voltage values of the N battery cells 2, and each battery management unit 4 generates an indication of the corresponding voltage value of the battery unit 2 accordingly. The measurement signal is transmitted to the main controller 3, and the measurement signals are the voltage values of the battery cells 2.
需進一步說明的是，由於本實施例中的電池單元2為多數個，且彼此串聯，而該N個分別電連接該N個電池單元2的電池管理單元4除了可分別量測所對應的每一電池單元2的電壓值外，每一電池管理單元4還可量測該N個電池單元2的整體電壓值。 It should be further noted that, since the battery cells 2 in the embodiment are plural and are connected in series, the N battery management units 4 respectively electrically connecting the N battery cells 2 can measure the corresponding each. In addition to the voltage value of a battery unit 2, each battery management unit 4 can also measure the overall voltage value of the N battery units 2.
在該步驟(B)中，該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第一個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於一第一平均值，而該第一平均值即為該步驟(A)中該N個電池單元2的電壓值總和的平均值。 In the step (B), the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than a first average value, and the first average value is the step ( A) The average of the sum of the voltage values of the N battery cells 2.
該步驟(C)為若該步驟(B)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3控制電連接該第一個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對該電池單元2執行充電。 In the step (C), if the result of the determination in the step (B) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the first battery unit 2 to perform charging on the battery unit 2.
該步驟(D)為若該步驟(B)的判斷結果為否，該主控 制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第二個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第一平均值。 The step (D) is that if the judgment result of the step (B) is no, the master control The controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the second battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than the first average value.
該步驟(E)為若該步驟(D)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3控制電連接第二個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對該第二個電池單元2充電。 In the step (E), if the result of the determination in the step (D) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the second battery unit 2 to charge the second battery unit 2.
本實施例中，在該步驟(E)之後還進一步地包含以下一步驟(F)，及一步驟(G)。 In this embodiment, after the step (E), the following further step (F) and a step (G) are further included.
該步驟(F)為若該步驟(D)的判斷結果為否，則該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第N個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第一平均值，N=3。 The step (F) is that if the determination result of the step (D) is negative, the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the Nth battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than the first average value. N=3.
該步驟(G)為若該步驟(F)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3控制電連接第N個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對該第N個電池單元2充電，本實施例是以N=3個電池單元2為例，若該步驟(F)的判斷結果為否，則繼續判斷第N+1個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第一平均值，後續步驟則如同前述步驟(E)及其後續步驟，在此不再贅述。 In the step (G), if the determination result in the step (F) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the Nth battery unit 2 to charge the Nth battery unit 2, In the embodiment, N=3 battery cells 2 are taken as an example. If the determination result of the step (F) is no, the method further determines whether the voltage value of the N+1th battery cell 2 is lower than the first average value, and subsequently The steps are the same as the foregoing step (E) and its subsequent steps, and are not described herein again.
本實施例在該步驟(A)之後，還進一步地包含以下一步驟(A0)、一步驟(A1)，及一步驟(A2)。 After the step (A), the embodiment further includes the following steps (A0), a step (A1), and a step (A2).
參閱圖3，以N=2舉例而言。 Referring to Figure 3, N = 2 is exemplified.
該步驟(A0)為在被動平衡時，該主控制器3判斷該二電池單元2被該電力信號的一電流充電時是否為定電流(Constant Current)充電，以避免該等電池單元2被過度充電。 The step (A0) is that during the passive balancing, the main controller 3 determines whether the two battery cells 2 are charged by a constant current when the current is charged by the current signal to prevent the battery cells 2 from being over-extended. Charging.
該步驟(A1)為若該步驟(A0)的判斷結果為是，則執行該步驟(B)，即判斷該二電池單元2中的第一個電池單元2的電壓是否低於該第一平均值，在本實施例中，是先假設第一個電池單元2電壓較低，因此第一個主動平衡單元5對該第一個電池單元2充電。 In the step (A1), if the determination result of the step (A0) is YES, the step (B) is performed to determine whether the voltage of the first battery unit 2 in the two battery cells 2 is lower than the first average. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the voltage of the first battery unit 2 is low, so that the first active balancing unit 5 charges the first battery unit 2.
該步驟(A2)為若該步驟(A0)的判斷結果為否，則執行該步驟(A)。 In the step (A2), if the result of the determination in the step (A0) is NO, the step (A) is executed.
本實施例中，在該步驟(C)之後還進一步地包含以下一步驟(C0)、一步驟(C1)、一步驟(C2)、一步驟(C3)，及一步驟(C4)。 In this embodiment, after the step (C), the following further steps (C0), a step (C1), a step (C2), a step (C3), and a step (C4) are further included.
該步驟(C0)為該主控制器3判斷該主動平衡單元5對該第一個電池單元2執行充電的時間是否已達一預設充電時間。 This step (C0) is for the main controller 3 to determine whether the time during which the active balancing unit 5 performs charging of the first battery unit 2 has reached a preset charging time.
該步驟(C1)為若該步驟(C0)的判斷結果為否，則回到步驟(B)並繼續執行後續步驟。 In the step (C1), if the result of the determination in the step (C0) is NO, the process returns to the step (B) and the subsequent steps are continued.
該步驟(C2)為若該步驟(C0)的判斷結果為是，該主控制器3控制該主動平衡單元5在一檢查時間內停止對該第一個電 池單元2充電；並判斷每一電池單元2的電壓值是否已達一門檻值Vth，需進一步說明的是，即是判斷每一電池單2元是否已達定電壓(Constant Voltage)充電狀態。 The step (C2) is that if the determination result of the step (C0) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 to stop the first electric power within an inspection time. The pool unit 2 is charged; and it is determined whether the voltage value of each battery unit 2 has reached a threshold value Vth. Further, it is determined whether the battery unit 2 has reached a constant voltage state.
該步驟(C3)為若該步驟(C2)的判斷結果為是，該主控制器3控制該主動平衡單元5停止對該電池單元2充電。 This step (C3) is that if the result of the determination in the step (C2) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 to stop charging the battery unit 2.
該步驟(C4)為若該步驟(C2)的判斷結果為否，則回到該步驟(B)並繼續執行後續步驟。 This step (C4) is that if the result of the determination in the step (C2) is NO, the process returns to the step (B) and the subsequent steps are continued.
上述本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的該第一實施例藉由該主控制器先透過該等電池管理單元判斷由一外部充電裝置充電的該等電池單元的電壓，再控制該等主動平衡單元對該等電池單元充電或不充電，確實可使先達到較高電量的電池單元不需對外放電而保留電力，同時可使較低電量的電池單元能繼續被充電而使該等電池單元達到電壓平衡。 In the first embodiment of the method for balancing battery voltage according to the present invention, the main controller first determines the voltages of the battery cells charged by an external charging device through the battery management unit, and then controls the pair of active balancing units. The charging or non-charging of the battery cells can ensure that the battery cells that reach the higher power first need no external discharge and retain the power, and at the same time, the battery cells with lower power can continue to be charged to achieve voltage balance of the battery cells. .
參閱圖4，本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的一第二實施例，由一電池管理系統所執行，該電池管理系統包括N個電池單元2、一電連接每一電池單元的主控制器3、N個分別電連接該N個電池單元2的電池管理單元4、N個電連接該N個電池單元2的主動平衡單元5，該N個電池對一外部裝置(圖未示)提供一電力信號，其中，N為大於1的正整數，該電池管理系統執行該平衡電池電壓的方法的 實施例時，是執行一步驟(A’)、一步驟(B’)、一步驟(C’)、一步驟(D’)，及一步驟(E’)。 Referring to FIG. 4, a second embodiment of the method for balancing battery voltage of the present invention is performed by a battery management system including N battery cells 2, a main controller 3 electrically connected to each battery cell, N battery management units 4 respectively electrically connecting the N battery cells 2, N active balancing units 5 electrically connected to the N battery cells 2, the N batteries providing a power signal to an external device (not shown) Where N is a positive integer greater than 1, the battery management system performing the method of balancing the battery voltage In the embodiment, a step (A'), a step (B'), a step (C'), a step (D'), and a step (E') are performed.
在該步驟(A’)中，每一電池管理單元4量測各自所電連接的電池單元2的電壓值，並將每一電壓值傳送至該主控制器3。 In this step (A'), each of the battery management units 4 measures the voltage values of the battery cells 2 to which they are electrically connected, and transmits each voltage value to the main controller 3.
需進一步說明的是，由於本實施例中的電池單元2為多數個，且彼此串聯，而該N個分別電連接該N個電池單元2的電池管理單元4除了可分別量測所對應的每一電池單元2的電壓值外，每一電池管理單元4還可量測該N個電池單元2的整體電壓值。 It should be further noted that, since the battery cells 2 in the embodiment are plural and are connected in series, the N battery management units 4 respectively electrically connecting the N battery cells 2 can measure the corresponding each. In addition to the voltage value of a battery unit 2, each battery management unit 4 can also measure the overall voltage value of the N battery units 2.
在該步驟(B’)中，該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第一個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於一第二平均值，而該第二平均值即為該步驟(A’)中該N個電池單元2的電壓值總和的平均值。 In the step (B'), the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than a second average value, and the second average value is the step. The average of the sum of the voltage values of the N battery cells 2 in (A').
在該步驟(C’)中，若該步驟(B’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器2控制電連接該第一個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對該電池單元2執行充電。 In the step (C'), if the determination result of the step (B') is YES, the main controller 2 controls the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the first battery unit 2 to perform the battery unit 2 Charging.
在該步驟(D’)中，若該步驟(B’)的判斷結果為否，該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第二個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第二平均值。 In the step (D'), if the determination result of the step (B') is negative, the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the second battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than the second value. average value.
在該步驟(E’)中，若該步驟(D’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3控制電連接第二個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對 該第二個電池單元2充電。 In the step (E'), if the result of the determination in the step (D') is YES, the main controller 3 controls the pair of the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the second battery unit 2. The second battery unit 2 is charged.
本實施例中，在該步驟(E’)之後還進一步地包含以下一步驟(F’)，及一步驟(G’)。 In this embodiment, after the step (E'), the following further step (F') and a step (G') are further included.
該步驟(F’)為若該步驟(D’)的判斷結果為否，則該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第N個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第二平均值，N=3。 The step (F′) is that if the determination result of the step (D′) is negative, the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the Nth battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than the second average. Value, N=3.
該步驟(G’)為若該步驟(F’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3控制電連接第N個電池單元2的該主動平衡單元5對該第N個電池單元2充電，本實施例是以N=3個電池單元2為例，若該步驟(F’)的判斷結果為否，則繼續判斷第N+1個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於該第二平均值，後續步驟則如同前述步驟(E’)及其後續步驟，在此不再贅述。 The step (G′) is that if the determination result of the step (F′) is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 electrically connected to the Nth battery unit 2 to charge the Nth battery unit 2 . In this embodiment, N=3 battery cells 2 are taken as an example. If the determination result of the step (F′) is NO, it is determined whether the voltage value of the N+1th battery cell 2 is lower than the second average. The value, the subsequent steps are the same as the foregoing step (E') and its subsequent steps, and will not be described again here.
本實施例中，在該步驟(B’)之前，還進一步地包含以下一步驟(B0’)、一步驟(B1’)、一步驟(B2’)、一步驟(B3’)，及一步驟(B4’)。 In this embodiment, before the step (B'), the method further includes the following steps (B0'), a step (B1'), a step (B2'), a step (B3'), and a step. (B4').
參閱圖5，以N=2舉例而言。 Referring to Figure 5, N = 2 is exemplified.
該步驟(B0’)為該主控制器3判斷該等電池單元2中的第一個電池單元2的電壓值是否低於一第一放電條件值K1，其中，該放電條件(State Of Charge)為電壓放電或電流放電的百分比。 The step (B0') is that the main controller 3 determines whether the voltage value of the first battery unit 2 in the battery cells 2 is lower than a first discharge condition value K1, wherein the discharge condition (State Of Charge) The percentage of voltage discharge or current discharge.
該步驟(B1’)為若該步驟(B0’)的判斷結果為否，則回到該步驟(A’)，並繼續執行後續步驟。 This step (B1') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (B0') is NO, the process returns to the step (A'), and the subsequent steps are continued.
該步驟(B2’)為若該步驟(B0’)的判斷結果為是，則該主控制器3再判斷該第一個電池單元2的電流值是否介於一第二放電條件值K2與一第三放電條件值K3之間。 The step (B2′) is that if the determination result of the step (B0′) is YES, the main controller 3 further determines whether the current value of the first battery unit 2 is between a second discharge condition value K2 and a The third discharge condition value is between K3.
該步驟(B3’)為若該步驟(B2’)的判斷結果為是，則回到該步驟(A’)，並重新執行後續步驟。 This step (B3') is such that if the decision result of the step (B2') is YES, the process returns to the step (A'), and the subsequent steps are re-executed.
該步驟(B4’)為若該步驟(B2’)的判斷結果為否，則繼續執行該步驟(B’)。 This step (B4') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (B2') is NO, the step (B') is continued.
在本實施例中，在該步驟(C’)之後，還進一步地包含以下一步驟(C0’)、一步驟(C1’)、一步驟(C2’)、一步驟(C3’)，及一步驟(C4’)。 In this embodiment, after the step (C'), further comprising the following steps (C0'), a step (C1'), a step (C2'), a step (C3'), and a Step (C4').
該步驟(C0’)為該主控制器3判斷該主動平衡單元5對該充電單元2執行充電的時間是否已達一預設充電時間。 This step (C0') is for the main controller 3 to determine whether the time during which the active balancing unit 5 performs charging of the charging unit 2 has reached a preset charging time.
該步驟(C1’)為若該步驟(C0’)的判斷結果為否，則回到步驟(B’)並繼續執行後續步驟。 This step (C1') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (C0') is NO, the process returns to the step (B') and the subsequent steps are continued.
該步驟(C2’)為若該步驟(C0’)的判斷結果為是，該主控制器3控制該主動平衡單元5在一檢查時間內停止充電，並判斷該電池單元2的電壓值是否低於一第四放電條件值K4。 The step (C2') is that if the determination result of the step (C0') is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 to stop charging during an inspection time, and determines whether the voltage value of the battery unit 2 is low. And a fourth discharge condition value K4.
該步驟(C3’)為若該步驟(C2’)的判斷結果為是，該主控制器3控制該主動平衡單元5停止對該電池單元2充電。 This step (C3') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (C2') is YES, the main controller 3 controls the active balancing unit 5 to stop charging the battery unit 2.
該步驟(C4’)為若該步驟(C2’)的判斷結果為否，則回到該步驟(A’)並繼續執行後續步驟。 This step (C4') is such that if the result of the determination in the step (C2') is NO, the process returns to the step (A') and the subsequent steps are continued.
上述本發明平衡電池電壓的方法的該第二實施例藉由該主控制器先透過該等電池管理單元判斷對一外部裝置供應電力的該等電池單元的電壓，再控制該等主動平衡單元對該等電池單元充電或不充電，確實可使具有較高電量的電池單元不需對外放電而保留電力，同時可使較低電量的電池單元能繼續被充電而使該等電池單元達到電壓平衡。 In the second embodiment of the method for balancing battery voltage according to the present invention, the main controller first determines the voltages of the battery cells that supply power to an external device through the battery management unit, and then controls the pair of active balancing units. The charging or non-charging of the battery cells can indeed enable the battery cells with higher power to retain power without external discharge, and at the same time enable the battery cells of lower power to continue to be charged to achieve voltage balance of the battery cells.
綜上所述，本發明平衡電池電壓的方法藉由該主控制器透過電連接該等由一外部充電裝置充電或對一外部裝置供電的電池單元的電池管理單元偵測各電池單元的電壓狀況，再控制電連接該等電池單元的主動平衡單元對該等電池單元充電或不充電，不僅可使具有較高電量的電池不需額外放電，還可使具有較的電量的電池繼續被充電，故確實能達成本發明的目的。 In summary, the method for balancing the battery voltage of the present invention detects the voltage status of each battery unit by electrically connecting the battery management unit of the battery unit that is charged by an external charging device or powered by an external device. And controlling the active balancing unit electrically connected to the battery cells to charge or not charge the battery cells, not only can the battery with higher power supply not need to be additionally discharged, but also enable the battery with a relatively high power to continue to be charged. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明的實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍 內。 However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the simple equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still Scope covered by the patent of the present invention Inside.
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| TW201917983A (en) | 2019-05-01 |
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