TWI651884B - Proton battery manufacturing method and proton battery module - Google Patents

Proton battery manufacturing method and proton battery module Download PDF

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TWI651884B
TWI651884B TW107125146A TW107125146A TWI651884B TW I651884 B TWI651884 B TW I651884B TW 107125146 A TW107125146 A TW 107125146A TW 107125146 A TW107125146 A TW 107125146A TW I651884 B TWI651884 B TW I651884B
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carbon layer
negative electrode
proton
hydrogen
carbon
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TW202008635A (en
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李其源
Chi Yuan Lee
陳嘉鴻
Chia Hung Chen
創淞 張
John-Shong Cheong
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元智大學
Yuan Ze University
泓明科技股份有限公司
Homytech Co., Ltd.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
    • H01M4/602—Polymers
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/881—Electrolytic membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/8689—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/242—Hydrogen storage electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

本發明公開一種質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組。質子電池模組的製造方法包括：提供正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜；以及組裝正電極、質子交換膜以及負電極，其中，質子交換膜位於正電極以及負電極之間。提供負電極的步驟至少包括：形成碳層於基底上；以及對碳層執行一極化處理。 The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a proton battery and a proton battery module. The manufacturing method of the proton battery module includes: providing a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton exchange membrane; and assembling the positive electrode, the proton exchange membrane, and the negative electrode, wherein the proton exchange membrane is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The step of providing the negative electrode includes at least: forming a carbon layer on the substrate; and performing a polarization process on the carbon layer.

Description

質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組 Proton battery manufacturing method and proton battery module

本發明涉及一種質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組，特別是涉及一種可充電質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a proton battery and a proton battery module, and particularly to a method for manufacturing a rechargeable proton battery and a proton battery module.

為了因應減少碳排放量以及氣候變遷的議題，各國皆致力於研發無汙染、便宜的再生能源以取代石油燃料，降低對環境造成的衝擊。 In order to respond to the issue of reducing carbon emissions and climate change, all countries are committed to research and development of pollution-free and cheap renewable energy to replace petroleum fuels and reduce the impact on the environment.

在眾多燃料當中，氫氣因是一種乾淨且對環境無害的燃料，故被視為最具潛力的能源載體。燃料電池之工作原理主要是利用氫氣和氧氣通過電化學反應生成水，並釋放電能，基本上可視為水電解之逆反應裝置。然而，現有的燃料電池無法回充，需要通過補充氫氣來產生電力。 Among many fuels, hydrogen is considered to be the most potential energy carrier because it is a clean and environmentally friendly fuel. The working principle of a fuel cell is mainly to use hydrogen and oxygen to generate water through an electrochemical reaction and release electricity, which can basically be regarded as a reverse reaction device for water electrolysis. However, existing fuel cells cannot be recharged and need to be supplemented with hydrogen to generate electricity.

相較於燃料電池而言，鋰離子電池是可充電電池，並通過鋰離子在正極與負極之間的移動來運作。具體而言，當放電時，鋰離子由負極移動到正極，並產生電子流經外部線路並施加給負載。當充電時，鋰離子是由正極移動到負極。然而，鋰離子電池中的正極材料需使用鋰化合物，如鋰鈷氧化物(LiCoO2)、錳酸鋰(LiMn2O4)、鎳酸鋰(LiNiO2)以及磷酸鋰鐵(LiFePO4)等，而鋰的含量相當稀少且價格較高，從而使鋰離子電池的價格難以再進一步降低。 Compared to fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable and operate by moving lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Specifically, when discharged, lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, and electrons flow through the external circuit and are applied to the load. When charging, lithium ions move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. However, lithium compounds, such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ), lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ), and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), need to be used as a positive electrode material in a lithium ion battery. However, the lithium content is relatively scarce and the price is high, which makes it difficult to further reduce the price of lithium-ion batteries.

本發明的其中一目的在於，提供一種可充電質子電池，其應用經過極化處理後的碳層作為儲氫材料，可增加可充電質子電池的儲氫速度以及儲氫量。 One object of the present invention is to provide a rechargeable proton battery, which uses a polarized carbon layer as a hydrogen storage material, and can increase the hydrogen storage speed and hydrogen storage capacity of the rechargeable proton battery.

為了解決上述的技術問題，本發明所採用的其中一技術方案是，提供一種質子電池的製造方法。前述的製造方法包括提供正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜；以及組裝正電極、質子交換膜以及負電極，其中，質子交換膜位於正電極以及負電極之間。提供負電極的步驟至少包括：形成碳層於基底上；以及對碳層執行一極化處理。 In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a proton battery. The aforementioned manufacturing method includes providing a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton exchange membrane; and assembling the positive electrode, the proton exchange membrane, and the negative electrode, wherein the proton exchange membrane is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The step of providing the negative electrode includes at least: forming a carbon layer on the substrate; and performing a polarization process on the carbon layer.

本發明所採用的另一技術方案是，提供一種質子電池模組，其包括質子電池。質子電池包括正電極、負電極以及設置於正電極與負電極之間的一質子交換膜，其中，負電極包括一基底以及設置於基底上的一被極化的碳層。 Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a proton battery module, which includes a proton battery. The proton battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton exchange membrane disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a substrate and a polarized carbon layer disposed on the substrate.

本發明的有益效果在於，本發明所提供的質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組，其通過“對碳層執行一極化處理”的技術手段，可以增加氫離子在碳層內的擴散速率以及擴散深度，並增加碳層的儲氫量。如此，可提升質子電池的充電效率以及充電量，而使質子電池進一步具有取代鋰離子電池的潛力。 The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method for manufacturing a proton battery and the proton battery module provided by the present invention can increase the diffusion rate of hydrogen ions in the carbon layer through the technical means of "performing a polarization treatment on the carbon layer". And the depth of diffusion and increase the amount of hydrogen stored in the carbon layer. In this way, the charging efficiency and charging capacity of the proton battery can be improved, and the proton battery further has the potential to replace the lithium ion battery.

為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容，請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與附圖，然而所提供的附圖僅用於提供參考與說明，並非用來對本發明加以限制。 In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. However, the drawings provided are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

M1‧‧‧質子電池模組 M1‧‧‧ Proton Battery Module

1‧‧‧質子電池 1‧‧‧ proton battery

10‧‧‧負電極 10‧‧‧ negative electrode

100‧‧‧基底 100‧‧‧ substrate

100s‧‧‧表面 100s‧‧‧ surface

101‧‧‧碳層 101‧‧‧carbon layer

101s‧‧‧外表面 101s‧‧‧outer surface

101f‧‧‧碳纖維 101f‧‧‧carbon fiber

102‧‧‧負極觸媒層 102‧‧‧Negative catalyst layer

11‧‧‧正電極 11‧‧‧Positive electrode

110‧‧‧氣體擴散層 110‧‧‧Gas diffusion layer

111‧‧‧正極觸媒層 111‧‧‧Positive catalyst layer

12‧‧‧質子交換膜 12‧‧‧ proton exchange membrane

13‧‧‧負極導流板 13‧‧‧ Negative deflector

13a、13b‧‧‧第一流體進出口 13a, 13b‧‧‧First fluid import and export

130‧‧‧負極流體通道 130‧‧‧ negative fluid channel

14‧‧‧正極導流板 14‧‧‧Positive deflector

14a‧‧‧第二流體進出口 14a‧‧‧Second fluid import and export

14b‧‧‧第三流體進出口 14b‧‧‧Third fluid import and export

140‧‧‧正極流體通道 140‧‧‧ positive fluid channel

15‧‧‧密封墊 15‧‧‧Gasket

L1‧‧‧負載 L1‧‧‧Load

2‧‧‧監控器 2‧‧‧ monitor

20‧‧‧氫氣感測單元 20‧‧‧ Hydrogen sensing unit

21‧‧‧處理單元 21‧‧‧processing unit

22‧‧‧指示單元 22‧‧‧ Indication unit

30‧‧‧氫離子 30‧‧‧ hydrogen ion

S100、S101、S102、S110、S120‧‧‧流程步驟 S100, S101, S102, S110, S120‧‧‧Process steps

圖1繪示本發明其中一實施例的質子電池的製造方法的流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖2A為本發明一實施例的質子電池的負電極在圖1的步驟S101的局部剖面示意圖。 FIG. 2A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a negative electrode of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention at step S101 in FIG. 1.

圖2B為圖2A在區域IIA的局部放大示意圖。 FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged schematic view of FIG. 2A in a region IIA.

圖2C為本發明一實施例的質子電池的負電極在圖1的步驟S102 的局部放大示意圖。 FIG. 2C is a negative electrode of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention in step S102 of FIG. 1. A partially enlarged schematic diagram.

圖3為本發明一實施例的質子電池的局部剖面示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖4為本發明實施例的質子電池在充電時的局部剖面示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a proton battery during charging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖5為本發明實施例的質子電池在放電時的局部剖面示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention during discharge.

圖6為本發明實施例的質子電池模組的功能方塊圖。 FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of a proton battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

請參閱圖1。圖1繪示本發明其中一實施例的質子電池的製造方法的流程圖。進一步而言，本發明實施例提供一種可充電質子電池的製造方法，其至少包括下列步驟。 See Figure 1. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. Further, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a rechargeable proton battery, which includes at least the following steps.

首先，在步驟S100中，提供負電極，接著，在步驟S110中，提供一正電極以及一質子交換膜。之後，在步驟S120中，組裝正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜，其中，質子交換膜是位於正電極與負電極之間。 First, in step S100, a negative electrode is provided, and then, in step S110, a positive electrode and a proton exchange membrane are provided. Thereafter, in step S120, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton exchange membrane are assembled, wherein the proton exchange membrane is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

當充電時，通過電解水而在正電極產生氫離子，氫離子通過質子交換膜移動至負電極，並且由外部電路流動至負電極的電子可輔助氫離子和負電極結合，使氫離子可被儲存在負電極內。當放電時，可充電質子電池的工作原理和燃料電池相似，儲存在負電極中的氫離子會被釋放出來，並通過質子交換膜移動到正電極，而電子則由負電極通過外部電路流通至正電極，而產生電流。可充電質子電池的工作原理將於後文中配合附圖進一步地敘述，在此並不贅述。 When charged, hydrogen ions are generated at the positive electrode by electrolyzing water. The hydrogen ions move to the negative electrode through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons flowing from the external circuit to the negative electrode can assist the hydrogen ions and the negative electrode to combine, so that the hydrogen ions can be absorbed. Store in the negative electrode. When discharged, the working principle of a rechargeable proton battery is similar to that of a fuel cell. The hydrogen ions stored in the negative electrode are released and moved to the positive electrode through the proton exchange membrane, while the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the Positive electrode while generating current. The working principle of the rechargeable proton battery will be further described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, and is not repeated here.

據此，氫離子在負電極內的擴散速率以及擴散深度，會影響到可充電質子電池的負電極的儲氫量，進而影響可充電質子電池的充電效率以及充電量。在本發明實施例中，針對負電極的製造方法進一步地改良，以提高氫離子在負電極中的擴散速度與擴散深度，以提高可充電質子電池的充電量與充電效率。 According to this, the diffusion rate and depth of hydrogen ions in the negative electrode will affect the amount of hydrogen stored in the negative electrode of the rechargeable proton battery, and then affect the charging efficiency and the amount of charge of the rechargeable proton battery. In the embodiment of the present invention, the manufacturing method for the negative electrode is further improved to increase the diffusion speed and the depth of the hydrogen ions in the negative electrode, so as to improve the charging capacity and charging efficiency of the rechargeable proton battery.

進一步而言，請參照圖1以及圖2A，圖2A為本發明一實施 例的質子電池的負電極在圖1的步驟S101的局部剖面示意圖。在步驟S101中，形成一碳層於一基底上。 Further, please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A. FIG. 2A is an implementation of the present invention. A schematic partial cross-sectional view of the negative electrode of the example proton battery at step S101 in FIG. 1. In step S101, a carbon layer is formed on a substrate.

如圖2A所示，基底100為氣體擴散電極，例如是碳紙或者是碳布。在本實施例中，基底100具有一表面100s，前述的表面100s為凹凸表面，也就是非平坦的表面。進一步而言，凹凸表面可以是曲面、斜面、階梯面、凹陷表面、凸起表面或前述任意組合。也就是說，表面100s的凸部與凹部之間的高低差至少大於0.2mm。 As shown in FIG. 2A, the substrate 100 is a gas diffusion electrode, such as carbon paper or carbon cloth. In this embodiment, the substrate 100 has a surface 100s, and the aforementioned surface 100s is an uneven surface, that is, a non-flat surface. Further, the uneven surface may be a curved surface, an inclined surface, a stepped surface, a concave surface, a convex surface, or any combination thereof. That is, the height difference between the convex portion and the concave portion of the surface 100s is at least greater than 0.2 mm.

碳層101形成於基底100的表面上。因此，碳層101也具有一配合基底100的表面輪廓的外表面101s。也就是說，外表面101s也是凹凸表面，用於吸附氫離子的表面積。另外，也可增加氫離子在碳層101內的擴散路徑，從而增加氫離子的擴散速率。 The carbon layer 101 is formed on the surface of the substrate 100. Therefore, the carbon layer 101 also has an outer surface 101s that matches the surface profile of the substrate 100. That is, the outer surface 101s is also a concave-convex surface, which is a surface area for adsorbing hydrogen ions. In addition, the diffusion path of hydrogen ions in the carbon layer 101 can be increased, thereby increasing the diffusion rate of hydrogen ions.

另外，碳層101可以是石墨烯層或者是活性碳層，其中活性碳層可以是包括多個碳纖維或是多個碳顆粒。在本實施例中，碳層101為活性碳層。 In addition, the carbon layer 101 may be a graphene layer or an activated carbon layer, and the activated carbon layer may include a plurality of carbon fibers or a plurality of carbon particles. In this embodiment, the carbon layer 101 is an activated carbon layer.

製備活性碳層的步驟可以包括碳化(Carbonization)處理以及活化(Activation)處理。碳化處理是指在缺氧以及高溫的條件下，將原料熱解(Pyrolysis)，以去除水分，而使原料碳化。原料通常包含機物及黏結劑。在一實施例中，製備活性碳層的原料為酚醛樹酯以及10wt%的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)黏結劑。另外，可以使用化學溶液來熱解原料，前述的化學溶液例如是濃度約6M的氫氧化鉀電解液。 The step of preparing the activated carbon layer may include a carbonization process and an activation process. Carbonization treatment refers to pyrolysis (pyrolysis) of raw materials under conditions of anoxia and high temperature to remove moisture and carbonize the raw materials. Raw materials usually include organics and binders. In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the activated carbon layer are phenolic resin and 10 wt% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) adhesive. In addition, a chemical solution can be used to pyrolyze the raw materials. The aforementioned chemical solution is, for example, a potassium hydroxide electrolyte having a concentration of about 6M.

活化處理可以是物理或者是化學活化處理。物理活化處理是在高溫下，通過水蒸氣、二氧化碳或者是氧氣去除活性碳層的表層的原子，以使活性碳層具有較高孔隙率，增加活性碳層的表面積以及吸附率。化學活化處理是利用化學物質，如：酸性溶液或鹼性溶液至少其中一者，來增加活性碳層的孔隙率，從而增加活性碳層的表面積以及吸附率。 The activation treatment may be a physical or chemical activation treatment. The physical activation treatment is to remove the atoms of the surface layer of the activated carbon layer by using water vapor, carbon dioxide or oxygen at a high temperature, so that the activated carbon layer has a higher porosity, and increases the surface area and adsorption rate of the activated carbon layer. The chemical activation treatment uses a chemical substance such as at least one of an acidic solution or an alkaline solution to increase the porosity of the activated carbon layer, thereby increasing the surface area and adsorption rate of the activated carbon layer.

在一實施例中，相較於在化學活化處理中使用酸性溶液，使 用鹼性溶液可使活性碳層對於氫離子具有較高的吸附容量。然而，本發明並不限制活性碳層的製備方式。 In one embodiment, compared to using an acidic solution in a chemical activation process, The use of an alkaline solution allows the activated carbon layer to have a higher adsorption capacity for hydrogen ions. However, the present invention does not limit the manner of preparing the activated carbon layer.

在本實施例中，是以具有多個碳纖維的活性碳層為例來進行說明。請參照圖2B，形成於基底100上的碳層101為具有多個碳纖維101f的活性碳層，且這些碳纖維101f彼此交錯排列。也就是說，碳層101內部的多個碳纖維101f的排列方向並不具有方向性。 In this embodiment, an activated carbon layer having a plurality of carbon fibers will be described as an example. Referring to FIG. 2B, the carbon layer 101 formed on the substrate 100 is an activated carbon layer having a plurality of carbon fibers 101f, and the carbon fibers 101f are staggered with each other. That is, the arrangement direction of the plurality of carbon fibers 101f inside the carbon layer 101 does not have directivity.

請繼續參照圖1以及圖2C，在本實施例中，在形成碳層101之後，在步驟S102中，對碳層執行一極化處理，以促使碳層內的碳原子呈方向性排列。 Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2C. In this embodiment, after the carbon layer 101 is formed, in step S102, a polarization process is performed on the carbon layer to promote the directional arrangement of carbon atoms in the carbon layer.

以具有多個碳纖維的活性碳層為例，如圖2C所示，經過極化處理之後，可促使碳層101內的多個碳纖維101f呈方向性排列。進一步而言，每一碳纖維101f的長軸方向會大致平行於碳層101的一厚度方向。 Taking an activated carbon layer having a plurality of carbon fibers as an example, as shown in FIG. 2C, after the polarization treatment, the plurality of carbon fibers 101f in the carbon layer 101 can be caused to align in a directional manner. Further, the major axis direction of each carbon fiber 101f will be substantially parallel to a thickness direction of the carbon layer 101.

對碳層101進行極化處理的步驟是對碳層101施加一電場或者一磁場，從而促使碳層101內部的碳纖維101f沿著特定的方向排列。在一實施例中，是對碳層101施加電場來進行極化處理，電場的強度是介於50V/m至3000V/m。 The step of polarizing the carbon layer 101 is to apply an electric field or a magnetic field to the carbon layer 101, thereby urging the carbon fibers 101f inside the carbon layer 101 to be aligned in a specific direction. In one embodiment, an electric field is applied to the carbon layer 101 to perform polarization processing, and the strength of the electric field is between 50 V / m and 3000 V / m.

需說明的是，如圖2B所示，在尚未進行極化處理之前，碳層101內的多個碳纖維101f的排列無方向性。因此，位於碳層101的表層內交錯排列的碳纖維101f在吸附氫離子之後，可能會阻擋後續進入碳層101的氫離子朝向內部擴散，從而降低氫離子的擴散速率。因此，通常只有碳層101的表層才會吸附到大部分的氫離子，而碳層101的內部所吸附到的氫離子較少。 It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 2B, before the polarization treatment is performed, the alignment of the plurality of carbon fibers 101 f in the carbon layer 101 is non-directional. Therefore, after the carbon fibers 101f staggered in the surface layer of the carbon layer 101 adsorb hydrogen ions, the hydrogen ions entering the carbon layer 101 may be prevented from diffusing toward the inside, thereby reducing the diffusion rate of the hydrogen ions. Therefore, usually only the surface layer of the carbon layer 101 will adsorb most of the hydrogen ions, and the interior of the carbon layer 101 will adsorb less hydrogen ions.

據此，在本發明實施例中，對碳層101進行極化處理之後，促使多個碳纖維101f的排列具有方向性，也就是使大部分的碳纖維101f的長軸方向大致平行碳層101的厚度方向。具體而言，在一實施例中，超過90%的碳纖維101f的長軸方向與碳層101的厚度方向之間所形成的夾角不超過45°。 Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the carbon layer 101 is polarized, the arrangement of the plurality of carbon fibers 101f is directional, that is, the major axis direction of most of the carbon fibers 101f is substantially parallel to the thickness of the carbon layer 101. direction. Specifically, in an embodiment, an included angle formed between the long-axis direction of more than 90% of the carbon fibers 101f and the thickness direction of the carbon layer 101 does not exceed 45 °.

因此，位於碳層101表層的碳纖維101f較不會阻擋氫離子擴散進入碳層101的內部，可增加氫離子在碳層101內部的擴散速率以及擴散深度。如此，可以提高碳層101的儲氫量。另外，既然氫離子在碳層101內部的擴散速率增加，也可提升質子電池的充電速度。 Therefore, the carbon fiber 101f located on the surface of the carbon layer 101 is less likely to block the diffusion of hydrogen ions into the inside of the carbon layer 101, and can increase the diffusion rate and depth of hydrogen ions inside the carbon layer 101. In this way, the amount of hydrogen stored in the carbon layer 101 can be increased. In addition, since the diffusion rate of hydrogen ions in the carbon layer 101 increases, the charging speed of the proton battery can also be increased.

另外，在一實施例中，在形成負電極時，可進一步將氫氣感測單元埋設於負電極內，以偵測質子電池在充電時所產生的氫氣量。通過氫氣感測單元所偵測的氫氣量，可以監控質子電池的充電量以及偵測碳層101是否需要被再度活化。詳細的監控方式將於後文中一併說明，在此並不贅述。 In addition, in one embodiment, when the negative electrode is formed, a hydrogen sensing unit may be further embedded in the negative electrode to detect the amount of hydrogen generated by the proton battery during charging. The amount of hydrogen detected by the hydrogen sensing unit can monitor the charge of the proton battery and detect whether the carbon layer 101 needs to be activated again. The detailed monitoring method will be explained in the following, which will not be repeated here.

在一實施例中，氫氣感測單元包括高分子膜、形成於高分子膜上的感測層，其中，高分子膜的材料可以是聚醯亞胺。 In one embodiment, the hydrogen sensing unit includes a polymer film and a sensing layer formed on the polymer film, wherein the material of the polymer film may be polyimide.

另外，在製作感測膜時，可先將金屬層形成於高分子膜上。進一步而言，是依序形成鉻(Cr)層與金(Au)層於高分子膜上，來形成金屬層。接著，再通過蝕刻金屬層來製作具有預定圖案的感測層，且感測層可電性連接於外部線路。通過上述方式製作的氫氣感測單元厚度很薄，而可被設置於碳層101的內部。在一實施例中，氫氣感測單元還可包括一局部覆蓋感測層的保護層。 In addition, when manufacturing a sensing film, a metal layer may be first formed on a polymer film. Further, a metal layer is formed by sequentially forming a chromium (Cr) layer and a gold (Au) layer on the polymer film. Next, a metal layer is etched to form a sensing layer with a predetermined pattern, and the sensing layer can be electrically connected to an external circuit. The thickness of the hydrogen sensing unit manufactured in the above manner is very thin, and it can be disposed inside the carbon layer 101. In one embodiment, the hydrogen sensing unit may further include a protective layer partially covering the sensing layer.

在一實施例中，形成負電極的步驟還進一步包括，形成一負極觸媒層於碳層上，其中，負極觸媒層包括碳載體以及分布在碳載體上的貴金屬觸媒，例如：鉑。在質子電池放電時，負極觸媒層可促使氫氣發生氧化反應而產生氫離子與電子。需說明的是，在質子電池放電時，碳層也可以直接釋出氫離子，而不一定需要再通入氫氣。因此，在一實施例中，形成負極觸媒層的步驟也可以省略。 In an embodiment, the step of forming the negative electrode further includes forming a negative electrode catalyst layer on the carbon layer, wherein the negative electrode catalyst layer includes a carbon carrier and a precious metal catalyst distributed on the carbon carrier, such as platinum. When the proton battery is discharged, the negative electrode catalyst layer can promote the oxidation reaction of hydrogen to generate hydrogen ions and electrons. It should be noted that when the proton battery is discharged, the carbon layer can also directly release hydrogen ions, and it is not necessary to pass in hydrogen again. Therefore, in one embodiment, the step of forming the negative electrode catalyst layer can also be omitted.

另外，當組裝正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜時，可以通過熱壓方式，將正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜相互結合，以形成一電極組。組裝正電極、負電極以及質子交換膜的方法可以採用 目前已知的技術手段，本發明並不限制。 In addition, when assembling the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the proton exchange membrane, the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the proton exchange membrane can be combined with each other by hot pressing to form an electrode group. The method of assembling the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the proton exchange membrane can be adopted The presently known technical means are not limited by the present invention.

請參照圖3，顯示本發明一實施例的質子電池的局部剖面示意圖。在本實施例中，質子電池1包括一負電極10、一正電極11以及質子交換膜12。 Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the proton battery 1 includes a negative electrode 10, a positive electrode 11, and a proton exchange membrane 12.

如圖3所示，負電極10包括基底100以及碳層101，其中碳層101經過極化處理。如前所述，被極化的碳層101可以是石墨烯層或者是活性碳層，且活性碳層可包括多個碳纖維或者多個碳顆粒。 As shown in FIG. 3, the negative electrode 10 includes a substrate 100 and a carbon layer 101, wherein the carbon layer 101 is subjected to polarization treatment. As described above, the polarized carbon layer 101 may be a graphene layer or an activated carbon layer, and the activated carbon layer may include a plurality of carbon fibers or a plurality of carbon particles.

在一實施例中，被極化的碳層101為具有多個碳纖維101f的活性碳層，且多個碳纖維101f呈方向性排列(可參照圖2C)。另外，在本實施例中，負電極10還包括負極觸媒層102，且負極觸媒層102是設置於碳層101與質子交換膜12之間。 In one embodiment, the polarized carbon layer 101 is an activated carbon layer having a plurality of carbon fibers 101f, and the plurality of carbon fibers 101f are directionally arranged (see FIG. 2C). In addition, in this embodiment, the negative electrode 10 further includes a negative electrode catalyst layer 102, and the negative electrode catalyst layer 102 is disposed between the carbon layer 101 and the proton exchange membrane 12.

需說明的是，在本實施例中，碳層101先通過一酸性溶液(如：硫酸)活化處理，因此在碳層101內含有少量的酸性溶液，以輔助氫離子被傳導至碳層101內部。在其他實施例中，碳層101也可以通過一鹼性溶液(如：氫氧化鉀)來進行活化處理，而使碳層101內部含有少量鹼性溶液。 It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the carbon layer 101 is first activated by an acidic solution (such as sulfuric acid). Therefore, a small amount of the acidic solution is contained in the carbon layer 101 to assist the hydrogen ions to be conducted into the carbon layer 101. . In other embodiments, the carbon layer 101 may be activated by an alkaline solution (such as potassium hydroxide), so that the carbon layer 101 contains a small amount of an alkaline solution.

在本實施例中，正電極11包括一氣體擴散層110以及一正極觸媒層111，其中正極觸媒層111是位於氣體擴散層110與質子交換膜12之間。在一實施例中，氣體擴散層110可使用碳紙或碳布，而正極觸媒層111包括二氧化銥以及全氟磺酸樹脂。然而，本發明不以上述所舉的例子為限。 In this embodiment, the positive electrode 11 includes a gas diffusion layer 110 and a positive catalyst layer 111. The positive catalyst layer 111 is located between the gas diffusion layer 110 and the proton exchange membrane 12. In one embodiment, the gas diffusion layer 110 may use carbon paper or carbon cloth, and the positive electrode catalyst layer 111 includes iridium dioxide and a perfluorosulfonic acid resin. However, the invention is not limited to the examples given above.

質子交換膜12設置於正電極11與負電極10之間。在一實施例中，質子交換膜12為固態電解質高分子膜(如全氟磺酸膜)。質子交換膜12能傳送質子(如氫離子H+)，並阻隔氣體與電子。在本實施例中，質子交換膜12是位於正極觸媒層111與負極觸媒層102之間。 The proton exchange membrane 12 is disposed between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 10. In one embodiment, the proton exchange membrane 12 is a solid electrolyte polymer membrane (such as a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane). The proton exchange membrane 12 is capable of transporting protons (such as hydrogen ions H + ) and blocking gases and electrons. In this embodiment, the proton exchange membrane 12 is located between the positive catalyst layer 111 and the negative catalyst layer 102.

另外，本發明實施例的質子電池1還進一步包括一負極導流 板13、正極導流板14以及密封墊15。 In addition, the proton battery 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a negative electrode current guide. The plate 13, the positive electrode deflector 14, and the gasket 15.

負極導流板13具有一第一流體進出口13a、13b，以通入流體(氫氣)或者將質子電池1在運作時所產生的氣體排出。另外，負極導流板13的內表面，也就是面對負電極10的表面，設有負極流體通道130，以導引流入或者流出負電極的流體。 The negative electrode deflector 13 has a first fluid inlet and outlet 13a, 13b to pass in fluid (hydrogen) or discharge gas generated during the operation of the proton battery 1. In addition, the inner surface of the negative electrode deflector 13, that is, the surface facing the negative electrode 10, is provided with a negative electrode fluid channel 130 to guide the fluid flowing into or out of the negative electrode.

相似地，正極導流板14具有一第二流體進出口14a以及一第三流體進出口14b。當質子電池1運作時，可以通過第二流體進出口14a以及第三流體進出口14b通入反應用的流體(如：水以及氧氣)，或者是將在正電極所產生的流體(如：水以及氧氣)導出。正極導流板14的內表面設有正極流體通道140，以導引流入或者流出正電極的流體。 Similarly, the positive electrode deflector 14 has a second fluid inlet and outlet 14a and a third fluid inlet and outlet 14b. When the proton battery 1 is operating, the reaction fluid (such as water and oxygen) or the fluid generated at the positive electrode (such as water) can be passed through the second fluid inlet and outlet 14a and the third fluid inlet and outlet 14b And oxygen). The inner surface of the positive electrode guide plate 14 is provided with a positive electrode fluid channel 140 to guide the fluid flowing into or out of the positive electrode.

另外，密封墊15設置於負極導流板13與正極導流板14之間，避免反應氣體由正極流體通道140以及負極流體通道130洩漏，而降低發電效率。 In addition, the gasket 15 is disposed between the negative electrode guide plate 13 and the positive electrode guide plate 14 to prevent the reaction gas from leaking from the positive electrode fluid passage 140 and the negative electrode fluid passage 130, thereby reducing power generation efficiency.

請繼續參照圖4，顯示本發明實施例的質子電池在充電時的局部剖面示意圖。當充電時，對質子電池1施加電壓，並通過正極導流板14的第二流體進出口14a通入水。此時，在正電極11的半反應如下式(1)：2H2O→O2+4H++4e- 式(1) Please continue to refer to FIG. 4, which shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the proton battery according to the embodiment of the present invention during charging. When charging, a voltage is applied to the proton battery 1 and water is passed through the second fluid inlet and outlet 14 a of the positive electrode deflector 14. In this case, the positive electrode 11 of the half-reactions following formula (1): 2H 2 O → O 2 + 4H + + 4e - (1)

據此，在正電極11所產生的氧氣會由第三流體進出口14b排出，而氫離子會通過質子交換膜12，向負電極10移動。在外加電壓的電子(e-)輔助下，氫離子並不會形成氫氣而會和負電極10的碳層101結合。前述的外加電壓至少大於1.8V。然而，當碳層101的吸附量達到飽和時，多餘的氫離子會形成氫氣，並由負極流體通道130通過第一流體進出口13a、13b排出。 Accordingly, the oxygen generated at the positive electrode 11 is discharged from the third fluid inlet and outlet 14 b, and the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane 12 and move toward the negative electrode 10. With the aid of hydrogen ions and does not form hydrogen gas and the carbon will be combined with the negative electrode layer 101 of 10 - E (e) in the applied voltage. The aforementioned applied voltage is at least greater than 1.8V. However, when the adsorption amount of the carbon layer 101 reaches saturation, excess hydrogen ions will form hydrogen, and will be discharged from the negative electrode fluid channel 130 through the first fluid inlets and outlets 13a, 13b.

請繼續參照圖5，顯示本發明實施例的質子電池在放電時的局部剖面示意圖。當放電時，通過第三流體進出口14b通入氧氣，且碳層101內所儲存的氫離子會通過質子交換膜12移動到正電極11，而電子(e-)則通過外部電路流至正電極11，以產生通過負載 L1的電流。 Please continue to refer to FIG. 5, which shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a proton battery according to an embodiment of the present invention during discharge. When discharging, oxygen is introduced through the third fluid inlet and outlet 14b, and hydrogen ions stored in the carbon layer 101 will move to the positive electrode 11 through the proton exchange membrane 12, and electrons (e-) flow to the positive electrode through an external circuit. Electrode 11 to generate through load L1 current.

另外，移動至正電極11的氫離子和氧氣會反應而產生水。在正電極11產生的水可以通過正極導流板14的第二流體進出口14a被排出。 In addition, hydrogen ions and oxygen moving to the positive electrode 11 react to generate water. Water generated at the positive electrode 11 may be discharged through the second fluid inlet and outlet 14 a of the positive electrode deflector 14.

接著，請參照圖6，本發明實施例並提供一質子電池模組M1。質子電池模組M1包括圖3所示的質子電池1以及一監控器2。 Next, referring to FIG. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a proton battery module M1. The proton battery module M1 includes a proton battery 1 and a monitor 2 as shown in FIG. 3.

在本實施例中，監控器2包括一氫氣感測單元20、一處理單元21以及一指示單元22。 In this embodiment, the monitor 2 includes a hydrogen sensing unit 20, a processing unit 21, and an indicating unit 22.

氫氣感測單元20可設置於負電極10內，以偵測未被碳層101吸附的氫氣，並轉換為一電訊號。具體而言，請再參照圖3，在本實施例中，氫氣感測單元20可設置在碳層101內，以偵測氫氣，並轉換為一電訊號。前述的電訊號例如是電阻值、電壓值或者電流值。處理單元21電性連接於氫氣感測單元20，以接收並處理來自於氫氣感測單元20的電訊號。處理單元21根據電訊號可得到一對應的氫氣量。 The hydrogen sensing unit 20 may be disposed in the negative electrode 10 to detect hydrogen that is not adsorbed by the carbon layer 101 and convert it into an electrical signal. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 3 again. In this embodiment, the hydrogen sensing unit 20 may be disposed in the carbon layer 101 to detect hydrogen and convert it into an electrical signal. The aforementioned electric signal is, for example, a resistance value, a voltage value, or a current value. The processing unit 21 is electrically connected to the hydrogen sensing unit 20 to receive and process electrical signals from the hydrogen sensing unit 20. The processing unit 21 can obtain a corresponding amount of hydrogen according to the electric signal.

在一實施例中，氫氣感測單元20具有一氣敏薄膜，並利用還原氣體(氫氣)與氣敏薄膜表面的氧吸附作用，來偵測氫氣。進一步而言，氫氣會促使吸附於氣敏薄膜表面的氧原子容易和氣敏薄膜內的電子結合，從而使氣敏薄膜的導電特性(如：電阻值)改變。 In one embodiment, the hydrogen sensing unit 20 has a gas-sensitive film, and uses a reduction gas (hydrogen) and oxygen adsorption on the surface of the gas-sensitive film to detect hydrogen. Further, the hydrogen gas promotes the oxygen atoms adsorbed on the surface of the gas-sensitive film to easily combine with the electrons in the gas-sensitive film, thereby changing the conductive characteristics (such as resistance value) of the gas-sensitive film.

據此，處理單元20可通過偵測氣敏薄膜的電阻值，來得到氫氣量。然而，本發明並不限制氫氣感測單元20的種類。也就是說，處理單元20可以通過偵測電壓值、電流值以及電阻值中的至少其中一者來得到氫氣量。 Accordingly, the processing unit 20 can obtain the amount of hydrogen by detecting the resistance value of the gas-sensitive film. However, the present invention does not limit the kind of the hydrogen sensing unit 20. That is, the processing unit 20 can obtain the amount of hydrogen by detecting at least one of a voltage value, a current value, and a resistance value.

另外，處理單元21可收集在不同時間點的氫氣量，以判斷碳層101的吸附容量是否下降。具體而言，氫氣量與碳層101的吸附容量有關。因為當碳層101吸附的氫離子30越多，碳層101的吸附容量(也就是繼續吸附氫離子30的能力)會下降。因此，當監控器2所感測到的氫氣量會越多，代表碳層101內部的氫離子30 含量已經趨於飽和。因此，通過收集不同時間點的氫氣量，可以偵測質子電池1的充電狀態，或者是偵測碳層101的吸附容量。 In addition, the processing unit 21 can collect the amount of hydrogen at different time points to determine whether the adsorption capacity of the carbon layer 101 has decreased. Specifically, the amount of hydrogen is related to the adsorption capacity of the carbon layer 101. Because as more hydrogen ions 30 are adsorbed by the carbon layer 101, the adsorption capacity (that is, the ability to continue adsorbing hydrogen ions 30) of the carbon layer 101 will decrease. Therefore, when the amount of hydrogen sensed by the monitor 2 will increase, it represents the hydrogen ions 30 inside the carbon layer 101. The content has tended to be saturated. Therefore, by collecting the amount of hydrogen at different time points, the charging state of the proton battery 1 or the adsorption capacity of the carbon layer 101 can be detected.

另外，處理單元21電性連接於指示單元22。當處理單元21判斷氫氣量大於一預設值時，指示單元22接受處理單元21的控制，而發出一警示信號。指示單元22可以是一顯示面板、一信號燈或者一聲音警示器。 In addition, the processing unit 21 is electrically connected to the instruction unit 22. When the processing unit 21 determines that the amount of hydrogen is greater than a preset value, the instruction unit 22 accepts the control of the processing unit 21 and issues a warning signal. The indicating unit 22 may be a display panel, a signal lamp, or a sound alarm.

如前所述，在充電模式下，當碳層101的氫離子含量達到飽和時，多餘的氫離子30會轉為氫氣。因此，在一實施例中，通過在不同時間點所偵測的氫氣量，處理單元21可以判斷質子電池1的充電量。當氫氣量大於一預設值且維持一預定時間時，代表碳層101的氫離子含量已經達到飽和，也就是質子電池1已經充飽電。此時，處理單元21可控制指示單元22發出警示信號提醒使用者。 As described above, in the charging mode, when the hydrogen ion content of the carbon layer 101 reaches saturation, the excess hydrogen ions 30 will be converted into hydrogen. Therefore, in one embodiment, the processing unit 21 can determine the charged amount of the proton battery 1 by the amount of hydrogen detected at different time points. When the amount of hydrogen gas is greater than a preset value and is maintained for a predetermined time, the hydrogen ion content of the carbon layer 101 is saturated, that is, the proton battery 1 is fully charged. At this time, the processing unit 21 may control the instruction unit 22 to issue a warning signal to remind the user.

另外，在多次充放電之後，監控器2也可偵測負電極10的碳層101在多次充放電之後是否老化，而導致吸附能力下降。具體而言，當充電時間低於一預設時間，且處理單元21偵測到氫氣量已大於一預設值且維持一預定時間時，代表碳層101已經老化。此時，處理單元21控制指示單元22產生警示信號，以提醒使用者更換電池或者是對質子電池1進行活化處理。 In addition, after multiple charging and discharging, the monitor 2 can also detect whether the carbon layer 101 of the negative electrode 10 is aged after multiple charging and discharging, resulting in a decrease in the adsorption capacity. Specifically, when the charging time is lower than a preset time, and the processing unit 21 detects that the amount of hydrogen has been greater than a preset value and maintained for a predetermined time, it means that the carbon layer 101 has aged. At this time, the processing unit 21 controls the instruction unit 22 to generate a warning signal to remind the user to replace the battery or perform activation processing on the proton battery 1.

進一步而言，可以從負極流體通道130通入酸性溶液或者鹼性溶液，以去除碳層101內部吸附的雜質，從而回復碳層101對氫離子30的吸附容量。之後，再通入高濃度的氧氣，去除用來活化碳層101的酸性溶液或者鹼性溶液。前述的酸性溶液例如是硫酸，而鹼性溶液例如是氫氧化鉀。 Further, an acidic solution or an alkaline solution can be passed in through the negative electrode fluid channel 130 to remove impurities adsorbed inside the carbon layer 101, thereby restoring the adsorption capacity of the carbon layer 101 to the hydrogen ions 30. After that, a high concentration of oxygen is passed in to remove the acidic solution or alkaline solution used to activate the carbon layer 101. The aforementioned acidic solution is, for example, sulfuric acid, and the alkaline solution is, for example, potassium hydroxide.

另外，氫氣感測單元20的數量可以是一個或者多個。當氫氣感測單元20的數量為多個時，可以分散設置在碳層101內部的不同位置。在一實施例中，當氫氣感測單元20的數量為多個時，處理單元21可得到分別對應於多個氫氣感測單元20的多組氫氣 量，且多組氫氣量分別對應碳層101在不同位置的氫離子30含量。如此，處理單元21可偵測碳層101在不同位置對氫離子30的吸附容量。處理單元21可進一步根據分別對應於不同位置的多組氫氣量，來判斷碳層101是否老化。 In addition, the number of the hydrogen sensing units 20 may be one or more. When the number of the hydrogen sensing units 20 is plural, the hydrogen sensing units 20 may be dispersedly disposed at different positions inside the carbon layer 101. In an embodiment, when the number of the hydrogen sensing units 20 is multiple, the processing unit 21 may obtain multiple sets of hydrogen corresponding to the multiple hydrogen sensing units 20 respectively. The amount of hydrogen is corresponding to the content of hydrogen ions 30 of the carbon layer 101 at different positions. In this way, the processing unit 21 can detect the adsorption capacity of the carbon layer 101 on the hydrogen ions 30 at different positions. The processing unit 21 may further determine whether the carbon layer 101 is aged according to a plurality of sets of hydrogen amounts respectively corresponding to different positions.

綜上所述，本發明的有益效果在於，本發明所提供的質子電池的製造方法及質子電池模組，其通過“對所述碳層101執行一極化處理”的技術手段，可以增加氫離子在碳層101內的擴散速率以及擴散深度，並增加碳層101的儲氫量。如此，可提升質子電池1的充電效率以及充電量，而使質子電池1進一步具有取代鋰離子電池的潛力。 In summary, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method for manufacturing a proton battery and the proton battery module provided by the present invention can increase hydrogen through the technical means of “performing a polarization treatment on the carbon layer 101”. The diffusion rate and diffusion depth of ions in the carbon layer 101 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the carbon layer 101 are increased. In this way, the charging efficiency and charging capacity of the proton battery 1 can be improved, and the proton battery 1 further has the potential to replace the lithium ion battery.

另外，本發明實施例的質子電池模組M1具有監控器2，可監控質子電池1的充電狀態以及負電極10是否老化，並可提醒使用者更換電池或者是對質子電池1進行活化處理。 In addition, the proton battery module M1 in the embodiment of the present invention has a monitor 2 that can monitor the charging state of the proton battery 1 and whether the negative electrode 10 is aging, and can remind the user to replace the battery or perform activation processing on the proton battery 1.

以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例，並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍，所以凡是運用本發明說明書及附圖內容所做的等效技術變化，均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。 The content disclosed above is only the preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention, and therefore does not limit the scope of patent application of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent technical changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. Within the scope of the patent.

Claims (15)

一種質子電池的製造方法，其包括：提供一負電極，其中，提供所述負電極的步驟至少包括：形成一碳層於一基底上；以及對所述碳層執行一極化處理；提供一正電極以及一質子交換膜；以及組裝所述正電極、所述質子交換膜以及所述負電極其中，所述質子交換膜位於所述正電極以及所述負電極之間。A method for manufacturing a proton battery includes: providing a negative electrode, wherein the step of providing the negative electrode includes at least: forming a carbon layer on a substrate; and performing a polarization treatment on the carbon layer; providing a A positive electrode and a proton exchange membrane; and assembling the positive electrode, the proton exchange membrane, and the negative electrode, wherein the proton exchange membrane is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，提供所述負電極的步驟還進一步包括：通過一酸性溶液或者一鹼性溶液的至少其中一者，對所述碳層進行一活化處理。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of providing the negative electrode further comprises: performing an activation treatment on the carbon layer by at least one of an acidic solution or an alkaline solution. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，對所述碳層執行所述極化處理的步驟為對所述碳層施加一電場或者一磁場。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the polarization treatment on the carbon layer is applying an electric field or a magnetic field to the carbon layer. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，對所述碳層執行所述極化處理的步驟為對所述碳層施加一電場，所述電場的強度介於50V/m至3000V/m。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the polarization treatment on the carbon layer is applying an electric field to the carbon layer, and the intensity of the electric field is between 50 V / m and 3000 V / m. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，所述碳層為具有多個碳纖維的活性碳層，且在執行所述極化處理的步驟之後，多個所述碳纖維呈方向性排列，且每一所述碳纖維的長軸方向大致平行於所述碳層的一厚度方向。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon layer is an activated carbon layer having a plurality of carbon fibers, and after the step of performing the polarization treatment, the plurality of carbon fibers are aligned in a directional manner, and each A major axis direction of a carbon fiber is substantially parallel to a thickness direction of the carbon layer. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，所述碳層為石墨烯層或是活性碳層，且所述活性碳層包括多個碳纖維或者多個碳顆粒。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon layer is a graphene layer or an activated carbon layer, and the activated carbon layer includes a plurality of carbon fibers or a plurality of carbon particles. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，所述基底具有一凹凸表面，所述碳層覆蓋所述凹凸表面。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate has an uneven surface, and the carbon layer covers the uneven surface. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，在組裝所述正電極、所述負電極以及所述質子交換膜的步驟中，所述碳層位於所述基底與所述質子交換膜之間。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of assembling the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the proton exchange membrane, the carbon layer is located between the substrate and the proton exchange membrane. 如請求項1所述的製造方法，其中，提供所述負電極的步驟還進一步包括：埋設至少一氫氣感測單元於所述負電極內。The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of providing the negative electrode further comprises: embedding at least one hydrogen sensing unit in the negative electrode. 一種質子電池模組，其包括一質子電池，所述質子電池包括一正電極、一負電極以及設置於所述正電極與所述負電極之間的一質子交換膜，其中，所述負電極包括一基底以及設置於所述基底上的一被極化的碳層。A proton battery module includes a proton battery, the proton battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton exchange membrane disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode The method includes a substrate and a polarized carbon layer disposed on the substrate. 如請求項10所述的質子電池模組，其中，所述基底具有一凹凸表面，且所述被極化的碳層覆蓋所述凹凸表面。The proton battery module according to claim 10, wherein the substrate has an uneven surface, and the polarized carbon layer covers the uneven surface. 如請求項10所述的質子電池模組，其中，所述被極化的碳層為石墨烯層或者活性碳層，且所述活性碳層包括多個碳纖維或者多個碳顆粒。The proton battery module according to claim 10, wherein the polarized carbon layer is a graphene layer or an activated carbon layer, and the activated carbon layer includes a plurality of carbon fibers or a plurality of carbon particles. 如請求項10所述的質子電池模組，其中，所述被極化的碳層包括多個碳纖維，且每一個所述碳纖維的長軸方向大致平行於所述被極化的碳層的一厚度方向。The proton battery module according to claim 10, wherein the polarized carbon layer includes a plurality of carbon fibers, and a major axis direction of each of the carbon fibers is substantially parallel to one of the polarized carbon layers. Thickness direction. 如請求項10所述的質子電池模組，還進一步包括一監控器，所述監控器包括一氫氣感測單元以及電性連接所述氫氣感測單元的處理單元，所述氫氣感測單元設置於所述負電極內，以偵測未被所述被極化的碳層吸附的氫氣，並轉換為一電訊號，所述處理單元接收並處理所述電訊號，以得到氫氣量。The proton battery module according to claim 10, further comprising a monitor. The monitor includes a hydrogen sensing unit and a processing unit electrically connected to the hydrogen sensing unit. The hydrogen sensing unit is provided. In the negative electrode, to detect hydrogen that is not adsorbed by the polarized carbon layer and convert it into an electric signal, the processing unit receives and processes the electric signal to obtain the amount of hydrogen. 如請求項14所述的質子電池模組，其中，所述監控器還進一步包括一電性連接所述處理單元的指示單元，當所述處理單元判斷所述氫氣量大於一預設值時，控制所述指示單元發出一警示信號。The proton battery module according to claim 14, wherein the monitor further comprises an instruction unit electrically connected to the processing unit, and when the processing unit determines that the amount of hydrogen gas is greater than a preset value, Controlling the instruction unit to issue a warning signal.
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