TWI646753B - Analog-to-dc controllable current electronic switch, charging method using the same, and discharging method using the same - Google Patents
Analog-to-dc controllable current electronic switch, charging method using the same, and discharging method using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明提供一種類比DC可控制電流電子式開關，其包含：一總匯流排、以並聯方式耦接於總匯流排的至少二個電池組串、耦接於總匯流排之一充電器，以及耦接於總匯流排的一逆變器，該總匯流排包括極性相反的複數個第一金氧半場效電晶體(MOSFET)組及複數個第二MOSFET組，其中，該等電池組串的其中一端耦接於該等第一MOSFET組，該等電池組串的另一端耦接於該等第二MOSFET組，每個電池組串還包括複數個串聯之電池芯，且每個電池組串皆具有一最高電壓及一最低電壓，在運行充電、放電或同時充放電操作時，各個電池組串之間可獨立運作而不會有互相干擾。 The present invention provides an analog DC controllable current electronic switch, comprising: a total bus bar, at least two battery strings coupled in parallel to the total bus bar, and a charger coupled to the main bus bar, And an inverter coupled to the total busbar, the total busbar includes a plurality of first MOSFETs and a plurality of second MOSFET groups having opposite polarities, wherein the battery strings One end of the battery string is coupled to the second MOSFET group, and each of the battery strings further includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and each battery pack The strings all have a maximum voltage and a minimum voltage. When charging, discharging or simultaneous charging and discharging operations, the individual battery strings can operate independently without mutual interference.
Description
本發明係有關一種利用可控制電流的方式來控制電池組串的電子式開關，使儲能系統中的各電池組串可獨立進行充放電以及並聯放電，且不會互相干擾運作。 The invention relates to an electronic switch for controlling a battery string by means of a controllable current, so that each battery string in the energy storage system can be independently charged and discharged and parallel discharged without interfering with each other.
隨著大容量電池的製造技術日益月新，大容量電池也漸漸被供應在電動車、工業供電系統或家庭用電系統上，每一種大容量電池皆由數個小電池單元所組成，進而可形成中型或大型的電池模組。 As the manufacturing technology of large-capacity batteries is becoming more and more new, large-capacity batteries are gradually being supplied to electric vehicles, industrial power supply systems, or household power systems. Each large-capacity battery is composed of several small battery units. Form a medium or large battery module.
傳統的大容量電池供應系統一般設計複雜，且由於需要大量的電池單元以串並聯方式組成電池模組，再由電池模組以串聯方式形成電池組串，且一般電池單元的電壓約在2.8V~4.2V之間，而大容量儲能電池供應系統往往需要高電壓驅動，故需要大量的電池單元串接。而一般單體鋰電池能量低，需要大量並接。因此，電池單元在使用一段時間後，電壓及蓄電能量，會漸漸發生差異。當電池單元串並聯組合成電池模組後，其中之一個電池單元的蓄電能量低於或高於其它電池單元時，電池模組的內部將會形成回流導致各電池模組特性不一致，並發生電壓差異。若無法達到電壓一致性，則當某一電池組串在充電時，能量較小的電池模組將會率先充飽，使得電壓超出電池模組的高壓臨界，但與之串聯的其他電池模組則 尚未充飽，若此時整個電池組串未停止充電，則該高電壓電池模組將會發生過充電狀況，導致該電池模組內的電池單元因為電壓過高而產生短路或漏電，造成電池燃燒或劣化。當某一電池組串在放電時，能量比較低的電池模組將會率先放電完成，使得電壓低於電池模組的低壓臨界，但與之串聯的其他電池模組則尚未完全放電，若此時整個電池組串未停止放電，則該低電壓電池模組將會發生過放電狀況，導致該電池模組內的電池單元劣化而可能形成負載過熱，嚴重時會造成電池燃燒。 The traditional large-capacity battery supply system is generally complicated in design, and since a large number of battery cells are required to form a battery module in series and parallel mode, the battery module is formed in series to form a battery string, and the voltage of the general battery unit is about 2.8V. Between ~4.2V, large-capacity energy storage battery supply systems often require high-voltage drive, so a large number of battery cells are required to be connected in series. The general single lithium battery has low energy and needs a large number of parallel connections. Therefore, after the battery unit is used for a period of time, the voltage and the stored energy will gradually differ. When the battery cells are connected in series and in parallel to form a battery module, when the storage energy of one of the battery cells is lower or higher than other battery cells, the internals of the battery module will form a reflow, resulting in inconsistent characteristics of each battery module, and voltage is generated. difference. If the voltage consistency cannot be achieved, when a battery string is being charged, the battery module with less energy will be fully charged, so that the voltage exceeds the high voltage criticality of the battery module, but other battery modules connected in series with it then If the entire battery string is not stopped at this time, the high-voltage battery module will be overcharged, causing the battery unit in the battery module to short-circuit or leak due to excessive voltage, resulting in the battery. Burning or deteriorating. When a battery string is discharged, the battery module with lower energy will be discharged first, so that the voltage is lower than the low voltage threshold of the battery module, but other battery modules connected in series are not completely discharged. When the entire battery string is not stopped, the low-voltage battery module will be over-discharged, causing the battery cells in the battery module to deteriorate and may cause overheating of the load, which may cause the battery to burn in severe cases.
目前製作大容量電池的工廠，為了要符合用戶的使用習慣，大多依照客戶的電壓及容量需求，先以電池單元串並聯成更高容量的電池模組，再由電池模組串接成高電壓的電池組串。再依照高容量儲能系統電池容量的需求，將數個電池組串以直流匯流排進行並接後，形成電池組直接供給負載。串並聯工藝雖然簡單，且可以電池模組為監測單元，隨時檢測電池模組電壓的一致性，提高監測電池的效率，但如此設計造成的缺點有：無法監測到電池單元的個別情況、無法移除或更換單一電池模組、當更換新電池時，新舊電池的電池組串電壓特性無法控制會影響整個電池組的性能、電池組在負載啟動及瞬間充電時，瞬間大放電電流及瞬間大回充電流的衝擊電流會影響電池的壽命。 At present, in order to meet the user's usage habits, in order to meet the user's usage habits, most of the battery cells are connected in series to a higher capacity battery module, and then the battery modules are connected in series to a high voltage. Battery pack. According to the battery capacity requirement of the high-capacity energy storage system, a plurality of battery strings are connected in parallel by a DC bus, and the battery pack is directly supplied to the load. Although the series-parallel process is simple, and the battery module can be used as a monitoring unit, the voltage consistency of the battery module can be detected at any time to improve the efficiency of the monitoring battery. However, the disadvantages of the design are that the individual conditions of the battery unit cannot be monitored and cannot be moved. In addition to or replacement of a single battery module, when replacing a new battery, the uncontrollable battery string voltage characteristics of the old and new batteries will affect the performance of the entire battery pack, and the battery pack will instantaneously discharge current and instantaneously when the load starts and instantaneously charges. The inrush current back to the charging current can affect the life of the battery.
有鑑於此，發明人開發出更簡便及先進的設計，能夠避免上述的缺點，安裝方便且能達到更高效益，兼顧使用彈性與經濟性等考量，因此遂有本發明之產生。 In view of this, the inventors have developed a simpler and more advanced design that can avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages, is easy to install, can achieve higher efficiency, and takes into consideration the flexibility and economy of use, and thus has the present invention.
本發明所欲解決之問題在於：1、習知的電池單元串並聯組 合成電池模組後，會導致的各電池模組特性不一致，而發生電壓差異的問題。2、習知的電池模組可作為監測單元，隨時檢測電池模組電壓的一致性，提高監測電池的效率，但無法監測到電池單元的個別情況、無法移除或更換單一電池模組。3、習知的電池組在負載啟動及瞬間充電時，瞬間大放電電流及瞬間大回充電流的衝擊電流會影響電池壽命的問題。 The problems to be solved by the present invention are as follows: 1. A conventional battery cell series-parallel group After the battery module is synthesized, the characteristics of each battery module are inconsistent, and a voltage difference occurs. 2. The known battery module can be used as a monitoring unit to detect the consistency of the battery module voltage at any time and improve the efficiency of the monitoring battery. However, the individual conditions of the battery unit cannot be monitored, and a single battery module cannot be removed or replaced. 3. When the conventional battery pack is loaded and instantaneously charged, the instantaneous large discharge current and the instantaneous large current return current impact current will affect the battery life.
本發明為解決前述之問題，以達到之功效在於：1、透過將電池先串聯後並聯的方式以控制每個分流電池組串，俾達到維持電池模組電壓的穩定性。2、透過本發明之技術設計，每個電池組串可獨立運作不相互干擾影響。3、延長電池組串的啟動時間，俾能降低對其他電池的影響。 The invention solves the aforementioned problems, and achieves the effects of: 1. Controlling each shunt battery string by connecting the batteries in series and then paralleling, so as to maintain the stability of the voltage of the battery module. 2. Through the technical design of the present invention, each battery string can be operated independently without mutual interference. 3. Extend the startup time of the battery string, and reduce the impact on other batteries.
為使進一步說明並闡述解決前述先前技藝的問題，以達到所預期之功效，本發明提供一種類比DC可控制電流電子式開關，係包含：一總匯流排、至少二個電池組串及一逆變器，其中，該總匯流排係耦接一充電器，並包括複數個並列之金氧半場效電晶體(MOSFET)組串，MOSFET組串具有一第一MOSFET組及一第二MOSFET組，且第一MOSFET組與第二MOSFET組的極性相反，其中，電池組串係以並聯的方式對應耦接MOSFET組串，且電池組串的一端耦接第一MOSFET組，電池組串的另一端耦接第二MOSFET組，電池組串還包括複數個串聯之電池芯，電池組串並具有一最高電壓值及一最低電壓值，而該逆變器係耦接總匯流排，藉以在充電、放電或同時充放電操作時，逆變器對該等電池組串依序進行充電、放電或同時充放電，使各個電池組串之間可獨立運作而不會有互相干擾。 In order to further illustrate and explain the problems of the foregoing prior art to achieve the desired effect, the present invention provides an analog DC controllable current electronic switch comprising: a total bus bar, at least two battery strings and one The inverter, wherein the total busbar is coupled to a charger, and includes a plurality of juxtaposed metal oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET) strings, the MOSFET string having a first MOSFET group and a second MOSFET group And the polarity of the first MOSFET group and the second MOSFET group are opposite, wherein the battery string is coupled to the MOSFET string in parallel, and one end of the battery string is coupled to the first MOSFET group, and the battery string is One end is coupled to the second MOSFET group, and the battery string further includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, the battery string has a highest voltage value and a lowest voltage value, and the inverter is coupled to the total bus bar for charging During the discharge or simultaneous charge and discharge operation, the inverter sequentially charges, discharges or simultaneously charges and discharges the battery strings, so that the battery strings can operate independently without mutual interference.
於一實施例中，該等電池組串具有一第一電池組串，該第一電池組串的最高電壓具有一第一高閥值，且第一電池組串的最低電壓具有 一第一低閥值；該等電池組串具有一第二電池組串，該第二電池組串的最高電壓具有一第二高閥值，且第二電池組串的最低電壓具有一第二低閥值；該等電池組串具有一第三電池組串，該第三電池組串的最高電壓具有一第三高閥值，且第三電池組串的最低電壓具有一第三低閥值。 In one embodiment, the battery strings have a first battery string, the highest voltage of the first battery string has a first high threshold, and the lowest voltage of the first battery string has a first low threshold; the battery string has a second battery string, the highest voltage of the second battery string has a second high threshold, and the lowest voltage of the second battery string has a second a low threshold; the battery strings have a third battery string, the highest voltage of the third battery string has a third high threshold, and the lowest voltage of the third battery string has a third low threshold .
本發明還提供一種使用類比DC可控制電流電子式開關的充電方法，其包含下列步驟：a.)充電時，全部電池組串一起進行充電，充電的次序係從電池組串中之電壓值最低者先開始；b.)當第一電池組串之電壓值增加到V1且V1為第二低閥值時，將第二電池組串加入進行充電，並聯的第一電池組串及第二電池組串之電壓值為V12；c.)當V12的值為第三低閥值時，將第三電池組串加入進行充電，並聯的第一電池組串、第二電池組串及第三電池組串之電壓值為V13。 The invention also provides a charging method using an analog DC controllable current electronic switch, comprising the following steps: a.) When charging, all the battery strings are charged together, and the charging sequence is the lowest voltage value from the battery string. First, when the voltage value of the first battery string increases to V 1 and V 1 is the second low threshold, the second battery string is added for charging, the first battery string and the parallel battery are connected. The voltage value of the second battery string is V 12 ; c.) When the value of V 12 is the third low threshold, the third battery string is added for charging, and the first battery string and the second battery string are connected in parallel. And the voltage value of the third battery string is V 13 .
其中，類比DC可控制電流電子式開關的充電方法進一步包括：當V1為第一高閥值時，停止第一電池組串的充電；當V12為第二高閥值時，停止第二電池組串的充電；當V13為第三高閥值時，停止第三電池組串的充電。 Wherein, the charging control method may be analog DC current of the electronic switch further comprises: when a first high threshold V 1, stops charging the first battery string; when V 12 is a second high threshold value, the second stop Charging of the battery string; when V 13 is the third high threshold, charging of the third battery string is stopped.
在充電過程之中，當電池組串中的任一電池芯之電壓值超過一預定值Vhigh-c，立即停止該電池芯之該電池組串的充電。 During the charging process, when the voltage value of any of the battery strings exceeds a predetermined value V high-c , the charging of the battery string of the battery core is immediately stopped.
本發明還提供一種使用類比DC可控制電流電子式開關的放電方法，其包含下列步驟：a.)放電時，全部電池組串一起進行放電，放電的次序係從電池組串中之電壓值最高者先開始；b.)當第三電池組串之電壓值減少到V3且V3與第二電池組串當前之電壓值V2相等時，對第二電池組串開始進行放電；c.)當第二電池組串之電壓值減少到V2’且V2’與第一電池組串 當前之電壓值相等時，對第一電池組串開始進行放電。 The invention also provides a discharge method using an analog DC controllable current electronic switch, comprising the following steps: a.) When discharging, all the battery strings are discharged together, and the order of discharge is the highest voltage value from the battery string. First starting; b.) when the voltage value of the third battery string is reduced to V 3 and V 3 is equal to the current voltage value V 2 of the second battery string, the second battery string begins to discharge; c. When the voltage value of the second battery string is reduced to V 2 ' and V 2 ' is equal to the current voltage value of the first battery string, the first battery string begins to be discharged.
其中，使用類比DC可控制電流電子式開關的放電方法進一步包括：當電池組串之電壓值為第三低閥值時，則即切斷第三電池組串，第一電池組串及第二電池組串繼續放電；當電池組串之電壓值為第二低閥值時，則即切斷第二電池組串，第一電池組串繼續放電；當電池組串之電壓值為第一低閥值時，則即切斷第一電池組串。 Wherein, the discharging method using the analog DC controllable current electronic switch further comprises: when the voltage value of the battery string is the third low threshold, then cutting the third battery string, the first battery string and the second The battery string continues to discharge; when the voltage value of the battery string is the second low threshold, the second battery string is cut off, the first battery string continues to discharge; when the voltage value of the battery string is the first low At the threshold, the first battery string is cut.
在放電時，當電池組串中的任一電池芯之電壓值低於一預定值Vlow-c，立即停止電池芯之所屬電池組串的放電。 At the time of discharge, when the voltage value of any of the battery cells in the battery string is lower than a predetermined value V low-c , the discharge of the battery string to which the battery cell belongs is immediately stopped.
在一實施例中，使用類比DC可控制電流電子式開關的放電方法還包括，當電池組串中的最後一組在放電，同時數個待充電電池組串必須立即充電時，開啟充電器，將充電器電壓值升至最後一組電池組串的當前電壓值，然後關閉最後一組電池組串；當充電器電壓值下降至待充電電池組串的電壓值時，將待充電電池組串開啟；當將充電器的電壓值升高到最後一組電池組串的電壓值時，再將最後一組電池組串加入一起充電。 In an embodiment, the discharging method using the analog DC controllable current electronic switch further comprises: turning on the charger when the last group in the battery string is discharging, and the plurality of battery strings to be charged must be charged immediately, Raise the charger voltage value to the current voltage value of the last set of battery strings, and then turn off the last set of battery strings; when the charger voltage value drops to the voltage value of the battery string to be charged, the battery string to be charged Turn on; when the voltage value of the charger is raised to the voltage value of the last set of battery strings, the last set of battery strings is added together for charging.
為進一步了解本發明，以下舉較佳之實施例，配合圖式、圖號，將本發明之具體構成內容及其所達成的功效詳細說明如下。 In order to further understand the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention and the effects achieved thereby are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and drawings.
10‧‧‧充電器 10‧‧‧Charger
12‧‧‧逆變器 12‧‧‧Inverter
11、13、15‧‧‧MOSFET組串 11, 13, 15‧‧‧ MOSFET strings
141、142、143、144、145‧‧‧第一MOSFET組 141, 142, 143, 144, 145‧‧‧ first MOSFET group
161、162、163、164、165‧‧‧第二MOSFET組 161, 162, 163, 164, 165‧‧‧ second MOSFET group
18‧‧‧總匯流排 18‧‧‧ total bus
S1、S2、S3、S4、S5‧‧‧電池組串 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5‧‧‧ battery string
第1圖係為本發明之一具體實施例之示意圖。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the invention.
第2-3圖係為本發明之一具體實施例之電路圖。 Figure 2-3 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
請參閱第1圖，其係為本發明的一實施例之示意圖，其中類 比DC可控制電流電子式開關係包含：一總匯流排18、3個並聯之電池組串：S1、S2及S3；及一逆變器12，其中，該總匯流排18係耦接一充電器10，並包括複數個並列之MOSFET組串(11、13、15)，MOSFET組串具有一第一MOSFET組(141、142、143)及一第二MOSFET組(161、162、163)，且第一MOSFET組(141、142、143)與第二MOSFET組(161、162、163)的極性相反，其中，電池組串(S1、S2、S3)係以並聯的方式對應耦接MOSFET組串(11、13、15)，且電池組串(S1、S2、S3)的一端耦接第一MOSFET組(141、142、143)，電池組串的另一端耦接第二MOSFET組(161、162、163)，電池組串(S1、S2、S3)還包括複數個串聯之電池芯，電池組串並具有一最高電壓值及一最低電壓值，而該逆變器12係耦接總匯流排18，藉以在充電、放電或同時充放電操作時，逆變器12對該等電池組串(S1、S2、S3)依序進行充電、放電或同時充放電，使各個電池組串(S1、S2、S3)之間可獨立運作而不會有互相干擾。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein The DC-controllable current electronic open relationship includes: a total busbar 18, three parallel battery strings: S1, S2, and S3; and an inverter 12, wherein the total busbar 18 is coupled to a charging The device 10 includes a plurality of parallel MOSFET strings (11, 13, 15) having a first MOSFET group (141, 142, 143) and a second MOSFET group (161, 162, 163). The first MOSFET group (141, 142, 143) is opposite in polarity to the second MOSFET group (161, 162, 163), wherein the battery string (S1, S2, S3) is coupled to the MOSFET group in parallel. a string (11, 13, 15), and one end of the battery string (S1, S2, S3) is coupled to the first MOSFET group (141, 142, 143), and the other end of the battery string is coupled to the second MOSFET group (161 , 162, 163), the battery string (S1, S2, S3) further includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, the battery string has a highest voltage value and a lowest voltage value, and the inverter 12 is coupled to the total The flow row 18 is used for charging, discharging or simultaneous charging and discharging operations, and the inverter 12 sequentially charges, discharges or simultaneously charges and discharges the battery strings (S1, S2, S3) to make the respective battery packs. It can be operated independently without interference with each other (S1, S2, S3).
如第2圖所示，係為本發明之一最佳實施例，其中S1代表一具有460V/220AH的電池組串、S2代表一具有486V/220AH的電池組串、S3、S4及S5則代表各具有512V/220AH的電池組串。每個電池組串在充電及放電時，各具有一最高電壓及一最低電壓，其中，當充電時，S1電池組串的最高電壓為533V、S2電池組串的最高電壓為562V、S3、S4及S5電池組串的最高電壓各為576V；當放電時，S1電池組串的最低電壓為388V、S2電池組串的最低電壓為410V、S3、S4及S5電池組串的最低電壓各為432V。 As shown in FIG. 2, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein S1 represents a battery string having 460V/220AH, S2 represents a battery string with 486V/220AH, and S3, S4 and S5 represent Each has a battery string of 512V/220AH. Each battery string has a highest voltage and a minimum voltage during charging and discharging. Among them, when charging, the highest voltage of the S1 battery string is 533V, and the highest voltage of the S2 battery string is 562V, S3, S4. The maximum voltage of the S5 battery string is 576V; when discharging, the lowest voltage of the S1 battery string is 388V, the lowest voltage of the S2 battery string is 410V, and the lowest voltage of the S3, S4, and S5 battery strings is 432V. .
在充電狀況之下，S1~S5電池組串全部一起充電，其充電次序是先從電壓最低的S1電池組串開始。假設從388V開始充電，電池組串電壓慢慢升高。當S1電池組串電壓增加到410V時，開始將S2電池組串加入充 電，並聯S1與S2電池組串後的電壓慢慢增加，等電壓慢慢升高至432V時，再加入S3~S5電池組串一起充電。 Under the charging condition, the S1~S5 battery strings are all charged together, and the charging sequence is started from the lowest voltage S1 battery string. Assuming that charging starts at 388V, the battery string voltage rises slowly. When the S1 battery string voltage increases to 410V, the S2 battery string is added to the charge. After the electric and parallel S1 and S2 battery strings are gradually increased, the voltage is gradually increased to 432V, and then the S3~S5 battery string is added to be charged together.
此時，充電電壓慢慢增加，等S1電池組串的電壓達到533V，則停止S1電池組串的充電，再等電池組電壓達到562V時，停止S2電池組串充電，直到S3~S5電壓都達到576V，則全部電池充電完成。若充電過程中，如有某一串電池組的單一電芯電壓超過3.7V，則立即停止該串電池組的充電。 At this time, the charging voltage is gradually increased. When the voltage of the S1 battery string reaches 533V, the charging of the S1 battery string is stopped, and when the battery voltage reaches 562V, the S2 battery string charging is stopped until the voltages of S3~S5 are all When the 576V is reached, all battery charging is completed. If the single cell voltage of a certain string of batteries exceeds 3.7V during charging, the charging of the string of battery packs is immediately stopped.
在放電狀況之下，S1~S5電池組串全部一起在放電，其放電次序是從電壓較高的電池組串開始放電。假設S3~S5電池組串從512V開始放電，電壓漸漸下降至486V時，S2電池組串開始放電，電壓繼續慢慢下降至460V時，S1電池組串開始放電。電壓下降至432V時代表S3~S5電池組串放電完全，這時切斷S3~S5電池組串，S1與S2電池組串繼續放電。電壓下降至410V時，立即切斷S2電池組串。電壓下降至388V時，立即切斷S1電池組串，則全部電池放電完成。若放電過程中，如有某一串電池組的單一電池芯電壓低於2.7V，則必須切斷停止該串電池組的放電。 Under the discharge condition, the S1~S5 battery strings are all discharged together, and the discharge order is to start discharging from the battery string with higher voltage. Assume that the S3~S5 battery string starts to discharge from 512V, and the voltage gradually drops to 486V. The S2 battery string begins to discharge, and the voltage continues to drop to 460V, and the S1 battery string begins to discharge. When the voltage drops to 432V, it means that the S3~S5 battery string is completely discharged. At this time, the S3~S5 battery string is cut off, and the S1 and S2 battery strings continue to discharge. When the voltage drops to 410V, the S2 battery string is cut off immediately. When the voltage drops to 388V, the S1 battery string is cut off immediately, and all the batteries are discharged. If the single cell voltage of a string of battery packs is lower than 2.7V during discharge, the discharge of the string of battery packs must be cut off.
如第3圖所示，在本發明的另一實施例中，S1~S5電池組串各代表具有512V/220AH的電池組串，其中充電時，各電池組串的充電最高電壓為576V；放電時，各電池組串的放電最低電壓為480V。 As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, the S1~S5 battery strings each represent a battery string of 512V/220AH, wherein during charging, the maximum charging voltage of each battery string is 576V; At the time, the minimum discharge voltage of each battery string is 480V.
在充電狀況之下，假設S1~S5電池組串全部一起在充電，雖然電池組串未達到576V，但如果S1電池組串內的某一顆電池芯電壓已經超過3.7V時，則必須立即斷開S1電池組串的MOSFET開關，停止S1電池組串繼續充電。S1電池組串判斷停止充電，硬體上仍然可以每隔一段時間(暫定30 秒)接上充電迴路，目的是增加其他未充飽的電池芯有機會充電。因此在充電時，存在S1~S5電池組串依序斷開的可能。充電完成後，再將S1~S5電池組串依序並接，準備放電程序。 Under the charging condition, it is assumed that the S1~S5 battery strings are all charged together. Although the battery string does not reach 576V, if the voltage of a battery cell in the S1 battery string has exceeded 3.7V, it must be immediately broken. Turn on the MOSFET switch of the S1 battery string and stop the S1 battery string to continue charging. S1 battery string judgment to stop charging, hardware can still be at regular intervals (tentative 30 Second) Connect the charging circuit to increase the chances of other unfilled cells to charge. Therefore, when charging, there is a possibility that the S1~S5 battery strings are sequentially disconnected. After the charging is completed, the S1~S5 battery packs are connected in sequence to prepare the discharge program.
在放電狀況之下，假設S1~S5電池組串全部一起在放電，雖然電池組串未達到480V，但如果S1的電池組串內的某一顆電池芯電壓已經低於3.0V時，則必須立即斷開S1的MOSFET開關，停止S1電池組串繼續放電。因此在放電時，存在S1~S5電池組串依序斷開的可能。放電完成後，再將S1~S5電池組串依序並接，準備放電程序。 Under the discharge condition, it is assumed that all the S1~S5 battery strings are discharged together. Although the battery string does not reach 480V, if the voltage of a battery cell in the battery string of S1 is already lower than 3.0V, it must be Immediately disconnect the MOSFET switch of S1 and stop the S1 battery string to continue discharging. Therefore, during discharge, there is a possibility that the S1~S5 battery strings are sequentially disconnected. After the discharge is completed, the S1~S5 battery packs are connected in sequence to prepare the discharge program.
在另一實施例中，充電與放電都同時存在的狀況之下，假設S1~S4電池組串已經全部放電結束，僅剩下S5電池組串在放電，如果儲能系統必須繼續提供電力時，而且S5電池組串內可能的容量不足時，S1~S4電池組串必須立即充電時。開啟充電器10，將充電電壓升至S5電池組串當前的電壓，然後將S5電池組串關閉，利用充電器10來提供電能給逆變器12使用。 In another embodiment, under the condition that both charging and discharging are present, it is assumed that the S1~S4 battery string has been completely discharged, and only the S5 battery string is discharged, if the energy storage system must continue to provide power, Moreover, when the possible capacity in the S5 battery string is insufficient, the S1~S4 battery string must be charged immediately. The charger 10 is turned on, the charging voltage is raised to the current voltage of the S5 battery string, and then the S5 battery string is turned off, and the charger 10 is used to supply power to the inverter 12.
這時將充電器10電壓下降至S1~S4電池組串電壓，然後將S1~S4電池組串開啟，讓充電器10同時對電池組串充電，也同時對逆變器12放電。再將充電器10的電壓升高，升高到S5電池組串的電壓。(此時充電器10的輸出電壓會慢慢爬升)。等到充電電壓慢慢達到S5電池組串的電壓時，再將S5電池組串並聯一起充電。最後再將充電器10的電壓提高到570V。 At this time, the voltage of the charger 10 is lowered to the S1~S4 battery string voltage, and then the S1~S4 battery string is turned on, so that the charger 10 simultaneously charges the battery string and simultaneously discharges the inverter 12. The voltage of the charger 10 is then raised to the voltage of the S5 battery string. (At this time, the output voltage of the charger 10 will slowly climb). Wait until the charging voltage slowly reaches the voltage of the S5 battery string, and then charge the S5 battery pack in series and in parallel. Finally, the voltage of the charger 10 is increased to 570V.
以上所述乃是本發明之具體實施例及所運用之技術手段，根據本文的揭露或教導可衍生推導出許多的變更與修正，仍可視為本發明之構想所作之等效改變，其所產生之作用仍未超出說明書及圖式所涵蓋之實質精神，均應視為在本發明之技術範疇之內，合先陳明。 The above is a specific embodiment of the present invention and the technical means employed, and many variations and modifications can be derived therefrom based on the disclosure or teachings herein. The role of the invention is not to be exceeded in the spirit of the specification and the drawings, and should be considered as within the technical scope of the present invention.
綜上所述，依上文所揭示之內容，本發明確可達到發明之預期目的，提供一種，極具產業上利用之價植，爰依法提出發明專利申請。 In summary, according to the above disclosure, the present invention can indeed achieve the intended purpose of the invention, and provides a product that is highly utilized in the industry and submits an invention patent application according to law.
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| TWI420778B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-12-21 | Chao Cheng Lu | Batteries parallel apparatus |
| US20140117756A1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-01 | Hitachi Information & Telecommunication Engineering, Ltd. | Power storage system and power source system |
| TWM470447U (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-01-11 | Voltronic Power Technology Corp | Bi-directional DC/DC converter |
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