TWI643353B - Solar cell module and manufacturing method of the solar cell module - Google Patents
Solar cell module and manufacturing method of the solar cell module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明的目的在於提供一種可提高太陽電池模組特性的技術。太陽電池模組係具備有：第一、第二及第三受光元件；以及電性連接第一、第二及第三受光元件的帶狀的第一連接線。第一連接線係以連接第一及第二受光元件的表面電極彼此，或者連接背面電極彼此的方式，來並聯連接第一及第二受光元件，並且以自該表面電極或該背面電極延伸並與第三受光元件的背面電極或表面電極連接之方式，來串聯連接第一或第二受光元件及第三受光元件。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for improving the characteristics of a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes: first, second, and third light receiving elements; and a strip-shaped first connecting line electrically connecting the first, second, and third light receiving elements. The first connecting line connects the first and second light receiving elements in parallel in such a manner that the surface electrodes of the first and second light receiving elements are connected to each other or the back electrodes are connected to each other, and extends from the surface electrode or the back electrode The first or second light-receiving element and the third light-receiving element are connected in series so as to be connected to the back surface electrode or the surface electrode of the third light receiving element.
Description
本發明係關於一種具備有平板狀的複數個受光元件的太陽電池模組以及其製造方法。 The present invention relates to a solar cell module including a plurality of light receiving elements having a flat plate shape, and a method of manufacturing the same.
眾所周知有一種太陽電池模組，該太陽電池模組係以縱橫之方式排列複數個太陽電池，且互相鄰接的太陽電池彼此是藉由帶狀的連接線來連接者，其中，該太陽電池係在屬於受光面的正面具有表面電極，而在背面具有背面電極者。 It is known that there is a solar cell module in which a plurality of solar cells are arranged in a vertical and horizontal manner, and solar cells adjacent to each other are connected to each other by a strip-shaped connecting wire, wherein the solar cell is connected The front surface belonging to the light receiving surface has a surface electrode and the back surface has a back surface electrode.
在上述的太陽電池模組中，一般而言，帶狀的連接線是以延伸之方式配置在一個太陽電池的正面及另一個太陽電池的背面之間，所以設置在正面的連接線會覆蓋了太陽電池的受光面。然而，將連接線的寬度予以適當粗細地縮窄，藉此可降低太陽光被連接線遮擋的陰影面積，可增加入射至受光面的入射光。另一方面，該連接線截面積愈大，電阻損失愈小且改善輸出效率。因此，如果將連接線的寬度縮小，並且將連接線的厚度增加的話，則可增加入射光，並且能夠抑制電阻損失的擴大。 In the above solar cell module, generally, the strip-shaped connecting line is disposed between the front surface of one solar cell and the back surface of another solar cell in an extended manner, so that the connecting line disposed on the front side is covered. The light receiving surface of the solar cell. However, the width of the connecting line is appropriately narrowed, whereby the shadow area blocked by the sunlight by the connecting line can be reduced, and the incident light incident on the light receiving surface can be increased. On the other hand, the larger the cross-sectional area of the connecting line, the smaller the resistance loss and the improved output efficiency. Therefore, if the width of the connecting line is reduced and the thickness of the connecting line is increased, incident light can be increased, and expansion of resistance loss can be suppressed.
然而，若連接線的厚度增加，在焊材連接時，會導致因受連接線與太陽電池的線膨脹係數差而發生的熱應力(heat stress)變大，會有電池單元破碎發生的可能性。而且，連接線的厚度較厚時，在採用樹脂等來密封太陽電池的疊層(laminate)步驟中，以連接線部分為起點而破碎發生的可能性、及/或太陽電池的翹曲、電池單元破碎、或是電極剝落等發生的可能性會變高。如此，連接線的厚度增加會有極限，所以關於連接線的寬度在電阻與陰影面積之間會有衝突關係，惟一般而言，連接線係形成為具有固定的薄度並細長帶狀的形狀。 However, if the thickness of the connecting wire is increased, when the welding consumable is connected, the heat stress caused by the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the connecting wire and the solar cell is increased, and the possibility of breakage of the battery cell may occur. . Further, when the thickness of the connecting wire is thick, in the lamination step of sealing the solar cell with a resin or the like, the possibility of breakage occurring from the connecting wire portion as a starting point, and/or the warpage of the solar cell, the battery The possibility of cell breakage or electrode peeling occurs. Thus, there is a limit to the increase in the thickness of the connecting line, so there is a conflict relationship between the resistance and the shadow area with respect to the width of the connecting line, but in general, the connecting line is formed to have a fixed thinness and an elongated strip shape. .
然而，為了降低連接線的陰影面積，將連接線偏靠在太陽電池元件的兩端，來擴大太陽電池元件的中央部亦為有效。同為本案申請人所提出申請的專利文獻1揭示一種太陽電池模組，該太陽電池模組係將連接線偏靠在正面的兩端及背面的兩端者。根據這樣的構成，可將部分的連接電極朝較太陽電池元件的兩端還外側突出，即便較薄的連接電極亦可伸展寬度並增加截面積，而能夠降低集電的內部電阻。 However, in order to reduce the shadow area of the connecting line, it is also effective to bias the connecting line against both ends of the solar cell element to enlarge the central portion of the solar cell element. Patent Document 1 filed with the applicant of the present application discloses a solar battery module which biases the connecting line at both ends of the front side and both ends of the back side. According to this configuration, a part of the connection electrodes can be protruded outward from both ends of the solar cell element, and even if the thin connection electrode can extend the width and increase the cross-sectional area, the internal resistance of the current collection can be reduced.
此外，專利文獻2提出了一種串聯連接複數個長方形的太陽電池元件的技術，該技術是在依複數個長方形的太陽電池元件的長邊方向排列的狀態下，藉由連接線來串聯連接該等複數個長方形的太陽電池元件。 Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a technique of connecting a plurality of rectangular solar cell elements in series, which is connected in series by a connecting wire in a state in which a plurality of rectangular solar cell elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of rectangular solar cell components.
專利文獻1：日本公開第2009-260240號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-260240
專利文獻2：國際公開第2012/043770號 Patent Document 2: International Publication No. 2012/043770
在專利文獻1的太陽電池模組中，當將正面的連接線配置在兩端時，背面的連接線亦同樣地配置在兩端。然而，在這樣的配置中，導致由受光元件所產生的電流到要集電至連接線所通過的集電距離相對較大，而會有造成集電電阻變大的課題。特別是，當半導體基板面積變大時，背面電極長度增加，結果，使集電距離增加所造成的影響顯著化。 In the solar battery module of Patent Document 1, when the front connecting wires are disposed at both ends, the connecting wires on the back surface are also disposed at the both ends in the same manner. However, in such an arrangement, the current generated by the light-receiving element reaches a relatively large current collecting distance through which the current is collected to the connection line, which causes a problem that the current collecting resistance becomes large. In particular, when the area of the semiconductor substrate is increased, the length of the back surface electrode is increased, and as a result, the influence caused by an increase in the current collection distance is remarkable.
此外，在專利文獻2的技術中，將太陽電池元件大小減半來減少電流，惟依然在連接線之電阻與連接線之陰影面積之間存在著衝突關係，所以在連接線之電阻及陰影面積具有改善的空間。 Further, in the technique of Patent Document 2, the size of the solar cell element is halved to reduce the current, but there is still a conflict relationship between the resistance of the connection line and the shadow area of the connection line, so the resistance and the shadow area of the connection line. With improved space.
因此，本發明有鑑於上述問題點所研創者，目的在於提供一種可提高太陽電池模組特性的技術。 Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for improving the characteristics of a solar cell module.
本發明的太陽電池模組係具備有：平板狀的第一、第二及第三受光元件，係以互相分離之方式排列成平面狀；以及帶狀的第一連接線，係電性連接前述第一、前述第二及前述第三受光元件。前述第一、前述第二及前述第三受光元件各自係具有：配設於該受光元件之正面的 端部的表面電極；以及配設於該受光元件之前述端部的背面的背面電極。前述第一連接線係在前述第一及前述第二受光元件的前述端部相對向的狀態下，以連接前述第一及前述第二受光元件之前述表面電極彼此或者連接前述背面電極彼此之方式，並聯連接前述第一及前述第二受光元件，並且以自該表面電極或自該背面電極延伸並與前述第三受光元件的前述背面電極或前述表面電極連接之方式，串聯連接前述第一或前述第二受光元件及前述第三受光元件。 The solar cell module of the present invention includes: a flat first, second, and third light receiving elements arranged in a planar shape so as to be separated from each other; and a strip-shaped first connecting line electrically connected to the foregoing First, the second and the third light receiving elements. Each of the first, the second, and the third light-receiving elements is disposed on a front surface of the light-receiving element a surface electrode at the end; and a back surface electrode disposed on the back surface of the end portion of the light receiving element. The first connecting line is configured such that the front surface electrodes of the first and second light receiving elements are connected to each other or the back surface electrodes are connected to each other in a state in which the end portions of the first and second light receiving elements are opposed to each other. Connecting the first and second light-receiving elements in parallel, and connecting the first or the first in series so as to extend from the surface electrode or from the back electrode and to the back surface electrode or the surface electrode of the third light-receiving element The second light receiving element and the third light receiving element.
根據本發明，第一連接線係以連接第一及第二受光元件的表面電極彼此，或者連接背面電極彼此的方式並聯連接第一及第二受光元件，並且以自該表面電極或自該背面電極延伸並與第三受光元件的背面電極或表面電極連接的方式串聯連接第一或第二受光元件及第三受光元件。根據如此構成，可提高太陽電池模組的特性。 According to the present invention, the first connecting line connects the first and second light receiving elements in parallel with the surface electrodes connecting the first and second light receiving elements, or the back surface electrodes are connected to each other, and from the surface electrodes or from the back surface The first or second light receiving element and the third light receiving element are connected in series so that the electrode extends and is connected to the back surface electrode or the surface electrode of the third light receiving element. According to this configuration, the characteristics of the solar cell module can be improved.
本發明之目的、特徵、形態及優點，藉由以下詳細的說明與附圖應可更為明瞭。 The objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent
1、1a、1b、1c、1d、1e‧‧‧受光元件 1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e‧‧‧ light-receiving components
4‧‧‧表面柵狀電極 4‧‧‧Surface grid electrode
5‧‧‧表面匯流排電極 5‧‧‧ Surface busbar electrode
6‧‧‧背面鋁電極 6‧‧‧Back aluminum electrode
7‧‧‧背面銀電極 7‧‧‧Back silver electrode
10、10a、10b、10c、10d‧‧‧連接線 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d‧‧‧ connecting lines
11‧‧‧表面側連接線部 11‧‧‧Surface side connecting line
13‧‧‧背面側連接線部 13‧‧‧Back side connecting line
14‧‧‧絕緣構件 14‧‧‧Insulating components
15‧‧‧導光構件 15‧‧‧Light guiding members
100、100a、100b、100c‧‧‧並聯受光元件 100, 100a, 100b, 100c‧‧‧ parallel light-receiving components
110‧‧‧串組 110‧‧‧string group
120‧‧‧半導體基板 120‧‧‧Semiconductor substrate
S‧‧‧太陽光的射入方向 S‧‧‧In the direction of sunlight
W、2W‧‧‧短寬 W, 2W‧‧‧ short width
W1、W2‧‧‧寬度 W1, W2‧‧‧ width
第1圖係顯示從正面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的串組之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a string set included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the front side.
第2圖係顯示從背面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的串組之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration of a string set included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the back side.
第3圖係顯示從正面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的複數個受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of light receiving elements included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the front side.
第4圖係顯示從背面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的複數個受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of light receiving elements included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the back side.
第5圖係顯示從正面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of a parallel light receiving element included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the front side.
第6圖係顯示從正面側觀看實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a parallel light receiving element included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment viewed from the front side.
第7圖係顯示實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a parallel light receiving element included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment.
第8圖係顯示實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a parallel light receiving element included in the solar battery module of the first embodiment.
第9圖係顯示實施形態1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a parallel light receiving element provided in the solar battery module of the first embodiment.
第10圖係顯示從正面側觀看形成實施形態1之複數個受光元件的半導體基板之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration of a semiconductor substrate on which a plurality of light receiving elements of the first embodiment are formed as seen from the front side.
第11圖係顯示從背面側觀看形成實施形態1之複數個受光元件的半導體基板之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 11 is a plan view showing a configuration of a semiconductor substrate on which a plurality of light receiving elements of the first embodiment are formed as seen from the back side.
第12圖係顯示變形例1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a parallel light receiving element provided in the solar battery module of Modification 1.
第13圖係顯示變形例1之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之另一構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of a parallel light receiving element provided in the solar battery module of the first modification.
第14圖係顯示從背面側觀看變形例2之太陽電池模組所具備的複數個受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 14 is a plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of light receiving elements included in the solar battery module of the second modification viewed from the back side.
第15圖係顯示變形例3之太陽電池模組所具備的並聯受光元件之構成的剖面圖。 Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a parallel light receiving element provided in a solar battery module according to a third modification.
第16圖係顯示從正面側觀看變形例4之太陽電池模組所具備的複數個受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 16 is a plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of light receiving elements included in the solar battery module of the fourth modification viewed from the front side.
第17圖係顯示從背面側觀看變形例4之太陽電池模組所具備的複數個受光元件之構成的俯視圖。 Fig. 17 is a plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of light receiving elements included in the solar battery module of the fourth modification viewed from the back side.
以下，使用圖式說明本發明之太陽電池模組的實施形態。另外，本發明不受以下之記載所限定，在不脫離本發明的要旨的範圍內可適當的變更。此外，在圖式中，為便於理解，故會有各構件的比例尺與實際不同的情形。各圖式間均相同。再者，在實施形態中相同構成要素係標示相同符號，而在幾個實施形態中所說明的構成要素，在其他的實施形態中省略其詳細說明。此外，以下所示的大小為一例。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the solar cell module of the present invention will be described using a schematic diagram. The present invention is not limited to the following description, and may be appropriately modified without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, in the drawings, for the sake of easy understanding, there is a case where the scale of each member is different from the actual one. The figures are the same. In the embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the components described in the several embodiments are not described in detail in the other embodiments. In addition, the size shown below is an example.
第1圖係從屬於受光面的正面側觀看根據本實施形態1所揭示之太陽電池模組所具備的兩串串組的一部分的俯視圖，第2圖係從背面側觀看該兩組串組之一部分的俯視圖。 Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a part of two strings of the solar battery module according to the first embodiment, viewed from the front side of the light receiving surface, and Fig. 2 is a view of the two sets of strings from the back side. Part of the top view.
太陽電池模組的各串組110係具備有並聯受光元件100a至100c。並聯受光元件100a至100c基本上具有相同構造。因此，以下在未區分並聯受光元件100a、100b、100c時，亦會有各自記載為並聯受光元件10 而說明的情形。另外，並聯受光元件100的數量可任意改變。 Each string group 110 of the solar battery module includes parallel light receiving elements 100a to 100c. The parallel light receiving elements 100a to 100c have substantially the same configuration. Therefore, when the parallel light receiving elements 100a, 100b, and 100c are not distinguished, the parallel light receiving elements 10 will be described as follows. And the situation described. In addition, the number of parallel light receiving elements 100 can be arbitrarily changed.
各並聯受光元件100係包含有：後述的複數個受光元件；以及電性連接複數個受光元件的複數個帶狀的連接線10。另外，第1圖及第2圖中，並聯受光元件100係簡單化並示意性地顯示。 Each of the parallel light receiving elements 100 includes a plurality of light receiving elements to be described later, and a plurality of strip-shaped connecting lines 10 electrically connecting the plurality of light receiving elements. In addition, in the first figure and the second figure, the parallel light receiving element 100 is simplified and schematically displayed.
連接線10係具有受光元件1之倍數左右的長度的帶狀導電體，且沿第1圖及第2圖中的Y方向延伸。連接線10係具有：第1圖所示的正面側的表面側連接線部11；以及第2圖所示的背面側的背面側連接線部13。表面側連接線部11與背面側連接線部13可由不分離的一個構件來構成，亦可藉由連接被分離的複數個構件來構成。 The connecting wire 10 is a strip-shaped conductor having a length which is a multiple of the light receiving element 1, and extends in the Y direction in FIGS. 1 and 2 . The connecting wire 10 has a front side connecting line portion 11 on the front side as shown in Fig. 1 and a back side connecting line portion 13 on the back side shown in Fig. 2 . The front side connecting wire portion 11 and the back side connecting wire portion 13 may be constituted by one member that is not separated, or may be configured by connecting a plurality of members that are separated.
在各串組110中，藉由連接線10來串聯連接沿Y方向相鄰的並聯受光元件100a及並聯受光元件100b，且藉由另一條連接線10來串聯連接沿Y方向相鄰的並聯受光元件100b及並聯受光元件100c。藉由重覆上述方式的串聯連接，來構成具備一列的複數個並聯受光元件100的一串串組110。 In each string group 110, the parallel light receiving elements 100a and the parallel light receiving elements 100b adjacent in the Y direction are connected in series by the connection line 10, and the parallel light receiving adjacent in the Y direction is connected in series by the other connecting line 10. Element 100b and parallel light receiving element 100c. By repeating the series connection of the above-described manner, a series of string groups 110 including a plurality of parallel light receiving elements 100 in one row is formed.
另外，雖未加以圖示，但在第1圖中的各串組110的終端部，以沿著模組之邊所配置的銅線等的周邊導線係被利用在相鄰串組110之連接線10的一端彼此互相連接。藉此，複數個串組110藉由周邊導線互相被串聯連接。此外，雖未加以圖示，但在複數個串組110的串聯連接中成為端部的周邊導線，連接有屬於拉出線之引線的 一端，引線的另一端被取出至模組外，該引線係供以將電力及電流取出至太陽電池模組外部者。再者，雖未加以圖示，但為了提高並聯受光元件100的耐候性，複數個串組110亦會有藉由例如乙烯醋酸乙烯(ethylene-vinyl acetate)樹脂薄片等密封構件來覆蓋的情形。 Further, although not shown, the terminal portions of the string groups 110 in Fig. 1 are connected to adjacent strings 110 by peripheral wires such as copper wires arranged along the sides of the module. One ends of the wires 10 are connected to each other. Thereby, the plurality of string groups 110 are connected to each other in series by the peripheral wires. Further, although not shown, in the series connection of the plurality of strings 110, the peripheral wires of the end portions are connected to the leads belonging to the pull-out wires. At one end, the other end of the lead is taken out of the module for extracting power and current to the outside of the solar module. Further, although not shown, in order to improve the weather resistance of the parallel light-receiving element 100, the plurality of strings 110 may be covered with a sealing member such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin sheet.
此外，複數個串組100的背面側亦會有與密封構件一起藉由例如耐候性的聚對酞酸乙二酯(ethylene terephthalate)樹脂薄片等的背板或玻璃等來覆蓋的情形，複數個串組110的受光面側亦會有與密封構件一起藉由例如玻璃等之透光性的構件來覆蓋的情形。此外，未加以圖示，惟在串組110的周邊配置有框架(frame)、接線盒(junction box)以及用於太陽電池模組之正面與背面的模組主面材等。另外，雖然在第1圖與第2圖中省略了圖示太陽電池模組的構成，惟太陽電池模組是藉由以下方式構成：利用正面側主面材與背面側主面材夾持之構造被框架所支持，而上述的拉出線是從背面側主面材的切口與密封材之間朝背面拉出。 Further, the back side of the plurality of strings 100 may be covered with a backing plate such as a weatherable polyethylene terephthalate resin sheet or the like, or a glass, etc., together with the sealing member. The light-receiving surface side of the string group 110 may be covered with a light-transmissive member such as glass, together with the sealing member. Further, although not shown, a frame, a junction box, and a module main surface material for the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module are disposed around the string 110. Further, although the configuration of the solar battery module shown in the first and second figures is omitted, the solar battery module is configured by sandwiching the front side main surface material and the back side main surface material. The structure is supported by the frame, and the above-mentioned pull-out line is pulled from the slit of the back surface side main surface material and the sealing material toward the back side.
接著，針對於各並聯受光元件100所包含的複數個受光元件的構成加以詳細說明。第3圖係從正面側觀看本實施形態1之於並聯受光元件100所包含之受光元件1a至1e的俯視圖，第4圖係從背面側觀看該受光元件1a至1e的俯視圖。另外，方便起見，在第3圖及第4圖中，省略連接線10的圖示。 Next, the configuration of the plurality of light receiving elements included in each of the parallel light receiving elements 100 will be described in detail. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e included in the parallel light receiving element 100 according to the first embodiment, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e as viewed from the back side. Further, for the sake of convenience, in the third and fourth figures, the illustration of the connecting line 10 is omitted.
受光元件1a至1e基本上具有相同的構造。 因此，以下在未區分受光元件1a至1e的情形，亦會有各自記載為受光元件1而說明的情形。另外，受光元件1的數量可任意地改變。 The light receiving elements 1a to 1e basically have the same configuration. Therefore, in the case where the light receiving elements 1a to 1e are not distinguished, the case where the light receiving elements 1 are described will be described below. In addition, the number of light receiving elements 1 can be arbitrarily changed.
於並聯受光元件100所包含的受光元件1a至1e係相當於太陽電池或太陽電池元件。因此，本實施形態1的太陽電池模組亦可稱為受光元件模組。在此，受光元件1a至1e係假設由矽基板等之半導體基板所形成的受光元件，惟當然並不限定於此。 The light receiving elements 1a to 1e included in the parallel light receiving element 100 correspond to solar cells or solar cell elements. Therefore, the solar cell module of the first embodiment can also be referred to as a light receiving element module. Here, the light-receiving elements 1a to 1e are assumed to be light-receiving elements formed of a semiconductor substrate such as a germanium substrate, but are not limited thereto.
平板上的受光元件1a至1e係模組內的最小單位，且以互相離間之方式平面狀地排列。在本實施形態中，沿Y方向延伸的受光元件1a至1e係在未圖示的密封構件當中，沿著與Y方向不同的X方向，以使相鄰之兩個受光元件1的長邊彼此相對向的狀態來排列。換言之，沿著受光元件1a與受光元件1b所相鄰之鄰接方向，對受光元件1a配置受光元件1b至1e。另外，於一個並聯受光元件100所包含的複數個受光元件1相鄰的X方向，亦可與第1圖的連接線10所延伸的Y方向成正交或未成正交。另外，本發明之第一受光元件亦可稱為受光元件1a，而本發明之複數個第二受光元件亦可稱為受光元件1b至1e。 The light-receiving elements 1a to 1e on the flat plate are the smallest units in the module, and are arranged in a planar manner so as to be spaced apart from each other. In the present embodiment, the light-receiving elements 1a to 1e extending in the Y direction are in a sealing member (not shown), and the long sides of the adjacent two light-receiving elements 1 are arranged in the X direction different from the Y direction. Arranged in relative states. In other words, the light receiving elements 1b to 1e are disposed on the light receiving element 1a along the adjacent direction in which the light receiving element 1a and the light receiving element 1b are adjacent. Further, the X direction adjacent to the plurality of light receiving elements 1 included in one parallel light receiving element 100 may be orthogonal or not orthogonal to the Y direction in which the connecting line 10 of the first drawing extends. Further, the first light receiving element of the present invention may also be referred to as a light receiving element 1a, and the plurality of second light receiving elements of the present invention may also be referred to as light receiving elements 1b to 1e.
此外，在本實施形態1中，在受光元件1a至1e的X方向的排列中，位於兩端的受光元件1a、1e的短寬(W)係形成為其他受光元件1b至1d的短寬(2W)的一半。藉由如此的構成，可將各受光元件1的元件電極的有效集電距離設為相同。 Further, in the first embodiment, in the arrangement of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e in the X direction, the short width (W) of the light receiving elements 1a and 1e located at both ends is formed as the short width (2W) of the other light receiving elements 1b to 1d. Half of it. With such a configuration, the effective collector distances of the element electrodes of the respective light receiving elements 1 can be made the same.
各受光元件1係具有：屬於配置於該受光元件1之正面的端部之元件電極的表面電極；以及屬於配置於該受光元件1之該端部之背面之元件電極的背面電極。當太陽光經由透明的玻璃射入至受光元件1的受光面時，受光元件1係進行將太陽光轉換成電力的光電轉換。並且，利用受光元件1所轉換的電力係由受光元件1的表面電極及背面電極所取出。接著，針對表面電極及背面電極加以詳細說明。 Each of the light-receiving elements 1 includes a surface electrode belonging to the element electrode disposed at the end of the front surface of the light-receiving element 1 and a back surface electrode belonging to the element electrode disposed on the back surface of the end portion of the light-receiving element 1. When sunlight enters the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 1 through the transparent glass, the light receiving element 1 performs photoelectric conversion for converting sunlight into electric power. Further, the electric power converted by the light receiving element 1 is taken out from the surface electrode and the back surface electrode of the light receiving element 1. Next, the surface electrode and the back electrode will be described in detail.
如第3圖所示，本實施形態1的受光元件1係具有表面柵狀(grid)電極4及表面匯流排(bus)電極5作為表面電極。表面柵狀電極4及表面匯流排電極5係例如塗佈以Ag(銀)為主成分的銀膏(paste)並加以熱處理而形成。 As shown in Fig. 3, the light receiving element 1 of the first embodiment has a surface grid electrode 4 and a surface bus electrode 5 as surface electrodes. The surface grid electrode 4 and the surface bus bar electrode 5 are formed by, for example, applying a silver paste containing Ag (silver) as a main component and heat-treating.
表面匯流排電極5係沿著受光元件1的正面的端部所配設，在本實施形態1中係沿著與Y方向成平行之太陽電池的端邊延伸而配置。在此，受光元件1的正面的上述端部係包含有：受光元件1之端以及較受光元件1之該端還靠內側的內側部分，而表面匯流排電極5係配置在該內側部分。換言之，在本實施形態1中，表面匯流排電極5係配設於較受光元件1的X方向之端還稍靠近內側處。另外，在本實施形態1的說明中，將靠受光元件1之中心的近側表示為內側，而將靠受光元件1之中心的遠側表示為外側。 The surface bus bar electrode 5 is disposed along the end portion of the front surface of the light receiving element 1, and is disposed to extend along the end side of the solar cell parallel to the Y direction in the first embodiment. Here, the end portion of the front surface of the light receiving element 1 includes an end portion of the light receiving element 1 and an inner portion that is further inside than the end of the light receiving element 1, and the surface bus bar electrode 5 is disposed on the inner side portion. In other words, in the first embodiment, the surface bus bar electrode 5 is disposed slightly closer to the inner side than the end of the light receiving element 1 in the X direction. In the description of the first embodiment, the near side of the center of the light receiving element 1 is shown as the inner side, and the far side of the center of the light receiving element 1 is shown as the outer side.
複數個表面柵狀電極4係在受光元件1的 正面上當中，以至少覆蓋該正面之部分的方式沿著Y方向隔開適當間隔而排列。並且，各表面柵狀電極4的X方向的端部係與表面匯流排電極5連接。如上述的表面柵狀電極4係稱為細線電極或指狀(finger)電極，且為將在屬於太陽電池的受光元件1的表面內所發生的電流予以集電並導引至表面匯流排電極5的電極。另外，與表面柵狀電極4連接的表面匯流排電極5係發揮作為電流取出電極的功能，係將利用表面柵狀電極4所集電的電流，經由連接線10而取出至受光元件1之外部。 a plurality of surface grid electrodes 4 are attached to the light receiving element 1 The front side is arranged at an appropriate interval in the Y direction so as to cover at least the portion of the front surface. Further, the end portion of each surface grid electrode 4 in the X direction is connected to the surface bus bar electrode 5. The surface grid electrode 4 as described above is referred to as a thin wire electrode or a finger electrode, and collects current which is generated in the surface of the light receiving element 1 belonging to the solar cell and is guided to the surface bus bar electrode. 5 electrodes. Further, the surface bus bar electrode 5 connected to the surface grid electrode 4 functions as a current extraction electrode, and the current collected by the surface grid electrode 4 is taken out to the outside of the light receiving element 1 via the connection line 10. .
本發明中如第3圖般細線呈平行並排的表面柵狀電極4並非必須者，亦可採用樹枝狀圖案的電極，或採用由透明導電膜所構成的透明電極，或採用組合表面柵狀電極4與透明電極的電極，來取代表面柵狀電極4。另外，為簡化圖式，在第3圖中，表面柵狀電極4係以減少數量之方式圖示。 In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the surface-shaped electrode 4 in parallel with the thin lines is not necessary, and an electrode of a dendritic pattern may be used, or a transparent electrode composed of a transparent conductive film may be used, or a combined surface grating electrode may be used. 4 replaces the surface grid electrode 4 with an electrode of a transparent electrode. In addition, in order to simplify the drawing, in the third figure, the surface grid electrode 4 is illustrated in a reduced number.
接著針對背面電極加以說明。如第4圖所示，本實施形態1的受光元件1係具有背面鋁電極6以及背面銀電極7作為的背面電極。背面鋁電極6係藉由塗佈以Al(aluminium，鋁)為主成分的材料或鋁膏並加以熱處理而形成，而背面銀電極7係藉由塗佈銀膏並加以熱處理而形成。 Next, the back electrode will be described. As shown in Fig. 4, the light receiving element 1 of the first embodiment has a back surface electrode including a back surface aluminum electrode 6 and a back surface silver electrode 7. The back aluminum electrode 6 is formed by applying a material mainly composed of Al (aluminum) or an aluminum paste and heat-treating, and the back surface silver electrode 7 is formed by applying a silver paste and heat-treating it.
背面銀電極7係配設於受光元件1之背面的端部，在本實施形態1中係以沿著與Y方向成平行之太陽電池的端邊之方式排列複數個。更具體而言，背面銀電 極7係以與受光元件1之X方向之端接觸之方式配設。背面銀電極7係發揮作為將利用背面鋁電極6所集電的電流經由連接線10而取出至受光元件1之外部之電極的功能。為簡化圖式，在第4圖中，背面銀電極7係以減少數量之方式圖示。 The back silver electrode 7 is disposed at the end of the back surface of the light receiving element 1. In the first embodiment, a plurality of silver electrodes 7 are arranged along the end of the solar cell parallel to the Y direction. More specifically, the back silver The pole 7 is disposed in contact with the end of the light receiving element 1 in the X direction. The back surface silver electrode 7 functions as an electrode that takes out a current collected by the back surface aluminum electrode 6 and is taken out to the outside of the light receiving element 1 via the connection line 10. To simplify the drawing, in Fig. 4, the back silver electrode 7 is illustrated in a reduced number.
背面鋁電極6係形成為覆蓋背面中的除受光元件1之周邊部分及背面銀電極7以外的大致整面。 The back aluminum electrode 6 is formed so as to cover substantially the entire surface except the peripheral portion of the light receiving element 1 and the back surface silver electrode 7 in the back surface.
第5圖係從正面側觀看從第1圖中之一串的串組110拆下沿Y方向相鄰的並聯受光元件100b、100c的俯視圖。另外，為簡化圖式，在第5圖中，雖然圖示於並聯受光元件100b所包含的連接線10，但省略除此以外的連接線10的圖示。 Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c adjacent to each other in the Y direction, as viewed from the front side, from the string group 110 of one of the strings in Fig. 1 . In addition, in the fifth drawing, although the connection line 10 included in the parallel light receiving element 100b is shown in FIG. 5, the illustration of the other connection line 10 is abbreviate|omitted.
第6圖係以透光方式顯示第5圖之並聯受光元件100b、100c當中並聯受光元件100c的俯視圖。換言之，在第5圖中，雖然圖示並聯受光元件100b、100c的表面電極，但在使並聯受光元件100c透光的第6圖中，圖示有並聯受光元件100b的表面電極以及並聯受光元件100c的背面電極。另外，在第5圖及第6圖的兩圖中皆以透光方式顯示位於並聯受光元件100b之正面側的連接線10。以下，在區分複數個連接線10時，亦會有記載為連接線10a至10d而進行說明的情形。 Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the parallel light receiving element 100c among the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c of Fig. 5 in a light transmitting manner. In other words, in FIG. 5, although the surface electrodes of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c are illustrated, in the sixth diagram in which the parallel light receiving elements 100c are transmitted, the surface electrodes of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and the parallel light receiving elements are illustrated. The back electrode of 100c. Further, in both of the fifth and sixth figures, the connecting line 10 on the front side of the parallel light receiving element 100b is displayed in a light-transmitting manner. Hereinafter, when a plurality of connection lines 10 are distinguished, the description will be made by describing the connection lines 10a to 10d.
第7圖係顯示並聯受光元件100b之構成的剖面圖，具體而言係沿著第6圖中之A-A’線段的剖面圖。 Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the parallel light receiving element 100b, specifically, a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Fig. 6.
如第5圖至第7圖所示，在一個並聯受光 元件100中，連接線10a係在使受光元件1a中之設置有表面匯流排電極5的端部與受光元件1b中之設置有表面匯流排電極5的端部互相相對向的狀態下，連接受光元件1a的表面匯流排電極5與受光元件1b的表面匯流排電極5，藉此並聯連接受光元件1a與受光元件1b。另外，連接線10a係以跨過受光元件1a及受光元件1b之上述端部彼此的間隙之方式配設，所以連接線10a的寬方向的一部分係從受光元件1b的X方向的端邊朝外側突出。 As shown in Figures 5 to 7, in a parallel receiving light In the element 100, the connection line 10a is connected to receive light in a state in which the end portion of the light receiving element 1a on which the surface bus bar electrode 5 is provided and the end portion of the light receiving element 1b on which the surface bus bar electrode 5 is provided are opposed to each other. The surface bus bar electrode 5 of the element 1a and the surface of the light receiving element 1b are connected to the row electrode 5, whereby the light receiving element 1a and the light receiving element 1b are connected in parallel. Further, since the connecting wire 10a is disposed so as to straddle the gap between the end portions of the light receiving element 1a and the light receiving element 1b, a part of the width direction of the connecting wire 10a is outward from the end side in the X direction of the light receiving element 1b. protruding.
同樣地，在一個並聯受光元件100中，連接線10b係在使受光元件1b中之設置有表面匯流排電極5的端部與受光元件1c中之設置有表面匯流排電極5的端部互相相對向的狀態下，連接受光元件1b的表面匯流排電極5與受光元件1c的表面匯流排電極5，藉此並聯連接受光元件1b與受光於件1c。另外，連接線10b係以跨過受光元件1b及受光元件1c之上述端部彼此的間隙之方式配設，所以連接線10b的寬方向的一部分係從受光元件1的X方向的端邊朝外側突出。 Similarly, in one parallel light-receiving element 100, the connection line 10b is such that the end portion of the light-receiving element 1b provided with the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the end portion of the light-receiving element 1c provided with the surface bus bar electrode 5 are opposed to each other. In the state of the light receiving element, the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the surface of the light receiving element 1c are connected to the bus bar electrode 5, whereby the light receiving element 1b and the light receiving element 1c are connected in parallel. Further, since the connecting wire 10b is disposed so as to straddle the gap between the end portions of the light receiving element 1b and the light receiving element 1c, a part of the width direction of the connecting wire 10b is outward from the end side in the X direction of the light receiving element 1. protruding.
與連接線10a、10b同樣地，連接線10c係並聯連接相鄰的受光元件1c、1d，而連接線10d係並聯連接相鄰的受光元件1d、1e。因此，本發明的第一連接線可稱為連接線10a，而本發明的複數條第三連接線可稱為各連接線10b至10d。 Similarly to the connecting wires 10a and 10b, the connecting wires 10c connect the adjacent light receiving elements 1c and 1d in parallel, and the connecting wires 10d connect the adjacent light receiving elements 1d and 1e in parallel. Therefore, the first connecting line of the present invention may be referred to as a connecting line 10a, and the plurality of third connecting lines of the present invention may be referred to as respective connecting lines 10b to 10d.
此外，如第5圖及第6圖所示，以沿著連接線10a至10d之延伸的Y方向之方式排列複數個含有如 以上的受光元件1a至1e及連接線10a至10d的並聯受光元件100。因此，本發明的單位構造可稱為並聯受光元件100。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the plurality of contents are arranged in the Y direction extending along the connecting lines 10a to 10d. The above-described light receiving elements 1a to 1e and the parallel light receiving elements 100 of the connecting lines 10a to 10d. Therefore, the unit configuration of the present invention can be referred to as a parallel light receiving element 100.
第8圖係顯示並聯受光元件100b、100c之構成的剖面圖，具體而言係未通過第6圖的表面柵狀電極4而沿著通過表面匯流排電極5、背面鋁電極6及背面銀電極7之B-B’線段的剖面圖。第9圖係顯示並聯受光元件100b、100c之構成的剖面圖，具體而言係沿著第6圖的C-C’線段的剖面圖。另外，在第8圖係顯示有射入至受光元件1之太陽光的射入方向S的一例。 Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c, specifically, the surface bus electrode 4, the back surface aluminum electrode 6, and the back silver electrode which are not passed through the surface grid electrode 4 of Fig. 6. Sectional view of the B-B' line segment of 7. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c, specifically, a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C' of Fig. 6. In addition, an example of the incident direction S of the sunlight incident on the light receiving element 1 is shown in FIG.
如使用第7圖所說明之方式，並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a係將並聯受光元件100b之受光元件1a、1b的表面匯流排電極5彼此予以連接，藉此並聯連接受光元件1a、1b。除該連接之外，又如第8圖所示之方式，並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a係從該表面匯流排電極5延伸而與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a、1b的背面銀電極7連接，藉此將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a或受光元件1b與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a或受光元件1b予以串聯連接。因此，本發明的第一單位構造可稱為並聯受光元件100b，而本發明的第二單位構造可稱為並聯受光元件100c，而本發明的第三受光元件可稱為並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a或受光元件1b。 As described with reference to Fig. 7, the connection line 10a of the parallel light receiving element 100b connects the surface bus bar electrodes 5 of the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b to each other, thereby connecting the light receiving elements 1a and 1b in parallel. In addition to the connection, as shown in Fig. 8, the connection line 10a of the parallel light-receiving element 100b extends from the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode of the light-receiving elements 1a, 1b in the parallel light-receiving element 100c. 7 is connected, whereby the light receiving element 1a or the light receiving element 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b and the light receiving element 1a or the light receiving element 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100c are connected in series. Therefore, the first unit structure of the present invention may be referred to as a parallel light-receiving element 100b, and the second unit structure of the present invention may be referred to as a parallel light-receiving element 100c, and the third light-receiving element of the present invention may be referred to as a parallel light-receiving element 100c. Light receiving element 1a or light receiving element 1b.
再者，本實施形態1的並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a亦將並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a、 1b的背面銀電極7彼此予以並聯連接。根據以上之方式的構成，藉由並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a，來互相並聯連接並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b，且互相並聯連接並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a、1b，並且串聯連接並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a、1b。 Further, the connection line 10a of the parallel light receiving element 100b of the first embodiment also connects the light receiving element 1a of the light receiving element 100c in parallel, The back silver electrodes 7 of 1b are connected in parallel to each other. According to the configuration of the above aspect, the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b are connected in parallel to each other by the connecting line 10a of the parallel light receiving element 100b, and the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100c are connected in parallel with each other. Further, the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b and the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100c are connected in series.
與並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a同樣地，並聯受光元件100b的連接線10b係將並聯受光元件100b中之相鄰的受光元件1b、1c的表面匯流排電極5彼此予以連接，藉此並聯連接相鄰的受光元件1b、1c。除該連接之外，並聯受光元件100b的連接線10b係從該表面匯流排電極5延伸而與並聯受光元件100c中之相鄰的受光元件1b、1c的背面銀電極7連接，藉此將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1b或受光元件1c與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1b或受光元件1c予以串聯連接。連接線10c、10d亦進行與連接線10a、10b同樣的串聯連接。 Similarly to the connection line 10a of the parallel light receiving element 100b, the connection line 10b of the parallel light receiving element 100b connects the surface bus bar electrodes 5 of the adjacent light receiving elements 1b and 1c of the parallel light receiving element 100b to each other, thereby being connected in parallel Adjacent light receiving elements 1b, 1c. In addition to the connection, the connection line 10b of the parallel light-receiving element 100b extends from the surface bus bar electrode 5 and is connected to the back surface silver electrode 7 of the adjacent light-receiving elements 1b and 1c of the parallel light-receiving element 100c, thereby being connected in parallel. The light receiving element 1b or the light receiving element 1c in the light receiving element 100b and the light receiving element 1b or the light receiving element 1c in the parallel light receiving element 100c are connected in series. The connecting wires 10c and 10d are also connected in series in the same manner as the connecting wires 10a and 10b.
在此，針對並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a至10d的連接加以說明。與此同樣的連接，亦在第1圖的並聯受光元件100a的連接線10中進行，且亦在第1圖的並聯受光元件100c的連接線10中進行。並且，藉由重覆上述的連接，從而構成第1圖的串組110。 Here, the connection of the connecting wires 10a to 10d of the parallel light receiving element 100b will be described. The same connection is also performed in the connection line 10 of the parallel light receiving element 100a of Fig. 1 and also in the connection line 10 of the parallel light receiving element 100c of Fig. 1. Further, by repeating the above-described connection, the string 110 of Fig. 1 is constructed.
結果，並聯受光元件100b的連接線10a，亦即第7圖中的上側之連接線10a的表面側連接線部11係將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b的表面匯流 排電極5彼此予以連接。另一方面，並聯受光元件100a的連接線10a，亦即第7圖中的下側之連接線10a的背面側連接線部13係將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b的背面銀電極7彼此予以連接。 As a result, the connection line 10a of the parallel light-receiving element 100b, that is, the surface-side connection line portion 11 of the upper connection line 10a in Fig. 7 is converging the surfaces of the light-receiving elements 1a, 1b in the parallel light-receiving element 100b. The discharge electrodes 5 are connected to each other. On the other hand, the connection line 10a of the parallel light-receiving element 100a, that is, the back side connection line portion 13 of the lower connection line 10a in Fig. 7 is the back surface silver electrode of the light-receiving elements 1a, 1b in the parallel light-receiving element 100b. 7 connect each other.
具體而言，第7圖中的下側之連接線10a係將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b的背面銀電極7彼此予以連接，並且從該背面銀電極7延伸而與並聯受光元件100a中的受光元件1a、1b的表面匯流排電極5連接，藉此將並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a或受光元件1b與並聯受光元件100a中的受光元件1a或受光元件1b予以串聯連接。另外，與第7圖中的上側之連接線10a同樣地，第7圖中的下側之連接線10a，亦以跨過受光元件1a及受光元件1b的端部彼此的間隙之方式配設。 Specifically, the lower connecting line 10a in FIG. 7 connects the back surface silver electrodes 7 of the light receiving elements 1a and 1b in the parallel light receiving element 100b to each other, and extends from the back surface silver electrode 7 to the parallel light receiving element. The surface bus bar electrodes 5 of the light receiving elements 1a and 1b in 100a are connected, whereby the light receiving element 1a or the light receiving element 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b and the light receiving element 1a or the light receiving element 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100a are connected in series. Further, similarly to the upper connecting wire 10a in Fig. 7, the lower connecting wire 10a in Fig. 7 is disposed so as to straddle the gap between the end portions of the light receiving element 1a and the light receiving element 1b.
在此，並聯受光元件100a中的受光元件1a、1b係排列在相對於並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1a、1b為與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1a、1b的相反側。因此，本發明的第四受光元件可稱為並聯受光元件100a中的各受光元件1a、1b。此外，本發明的第二連接線亦稱為並聯受光元件100a中的連接線10a，亦即第7圖中的下側之連接線10a。 Here, the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100a are arranged on the opposite side of the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100c with respect to the light receiving elements 1a and 1b of the parallel light receiving element 100b. Therefore, the fourth light receiving element of the present invention can be referred to as each of the light receiving elements 1a and 1b in the parallel light receiving element 100a. Further, the second connecting line of the present invention is also referred to as a connecting line 10a in the parallel light receiving element 100a, that is, a lower connecting line 10a in Fig. 7.
另外，如第7圖及第8圖所示，在連接線10的背面側連接線部13與表面側連接線部11之間乃至並聯受光元件100b的表面匯流排電極5與並聯受光元件100c的背面銀電極7之間，在受光元件1的厚度方向Z產 生高低差。由於表面匯流排電極5及背面銀電極7係比受光元件的厚度薄，所以該高低差主要是由受光元件1的厚度所產生的。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the surface of the connection line 10 is connected between the line portion 13 and the front side connecting line portion 11 or even the surface of the light receiving element 100b and the parallel light receiving element 100c. Between the back silver electrodes 7, produced in the thickness direction Z of the light receiving element 1 Health difference. Since the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7 are thinner than the thickness of the light receiving element, the height difference is mainly caused by the thickness of the light receiving element 1.
而且，如第7圖及第8圖所示，由於在並聯受光元件100b中的受光元件1與並聯受光元件100c中的受光元件1之間，連接該等受光元件1的連接線10會通過，所以產生與上述高低差相同大小的間隙，亦即產生與受光元件1之厚度相同大小的間隙。就該間隙而言，假設有例如2至10mm大小。在該間隙亦可配置有模組的密封樹脂或絕緣材等，或亦可保持在空隙的狀態。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the connection line 10 connecting the light-receiving elements 1 passes between the light-receiving element 1 in the parallel light-receiving element 100b and the light-receiving element 1 in the parallel light-receiving element 100c. Therefore, a gap having the same magnitude as the above-described height difference is generated, that is, a gap having the same magnitude as the thickness of the light receiving element 1 is generated. As far as the gap is concerned, it is assumed to have a size of, for example, 2 to 10 mm. A sealing resin or an insulating material of the module may be disposed in the gap, or may be maintained in a state of a void.
根據如上述之本實施形態1的太陽電池模組，連接線10係將相鄰的受光元件1所具有的表面電極彼此或背面電極彼此予以並聯連接，並且從該表面電極或該背面電極延伸，來與該等電極以外的受光元件1連接。換言之，各連接線10係以橋接之方式，將沿著X方向相鄰之受光元件1的受光面的表面匯流排電極5彼此或背面的背面銀電極7彼此予以並聯連接。藉此，連接線10之寬度方向的一部分係從沿受光元件1之Y方向延伸的端邊朝外側突出。如此一來，在由光射入方向觀看時，連接線10係具有從受光元件1上突出的部分，所以可將受連接線10而形成在受光元件1的陰影面積縮小達突出大小。另一方面，將連接線10的突出部分予以某程度地擴大，藉此可降低連接線10的導電電阻。如此，可提高太陽電池的轉換效率，並且可擴大受光元件1的受光面積，藉此可降低連接 線10的導電電阻。 According to the solar battery module of the first embodiment as described above, the connection line 10 connects the surface electrodes or the back electrodes of the adjacent light receiving elements 1 in parallel with each other, and extends from the surface electrode or the back surface electrode. It is connected to the light receiving element 1 other than the electrodes. In other words, each of the connecting wires 10 bridges the surface bus electrodes 5 on the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 1 adjacent in the X direction or the back silver electrodes 7 on the back surface in parallel. Thereby, a part of the width direction of the connecting wire 10 protrudes outward from the end edge extending in the Y direction of the light receiving element 1. In this way, when viewed in the light incident direction, the connecting wire 10 has a portion protruding from the light receiving element 1, so that the shaded area of the light receiving element 1 formed by the connection line 10 can be reduced to a protruding size. On the other hand, the protruding portion of the connecting wire 10 is enlarged to some extent, whereby the conductive resistance of the connecting wire 10 can be lowered. In this way, the conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved, and the light receiving area of the light receiving element 1 can be enlarged, thereby reducing the connection. The conductive resistance of line 10.
然而，作為背面電極而大部分地被配設的背面鋁電極6中的鋁，與構成受光元件1的基板的矽反應時，電阻通常會變得高於背面銀電極7。因此，在習知的技術中，利用光發電所發生的電流流通在背面整面內中會發生大幅地衰減的問題。而且，不僅限於背面鋁電極6，當背面電極採用較薄之金屬膜或透明導電膜等的情形亦產生同樣的問題。具體而言，在習知的技術中，表面電極及背面電極係以遍及在從受光元件中的一端之連接線起至另一端之連接線為止之相對較長之距離的方式來配設。因此，在受光元件之中心附近所發生的電流流通在到達至兩端連接線為止之較長的距離，故而集電電阻變高。相對於此，根據本實施形態1的構成，在受光元件1的受光面或背面中，能夠以相對較短的間隔來配設複數個連接線10，所以可大致縮短從受光面或背面之任意的位置起至連接線10為止的距離。因此，可降低集電電阻。 However, when the aluminum in the back surface aluminum electrode 6 which is mostly disposed as the back surface electrode reacts with the ruthenium of the substrate constituting the light-receiving element 1, the electric resistance generally becomes higher than that of the back surface silver electrode 7. Therefore, in the conventional technique, the current generated by the photovoltaic power generation is greatly attenuated in the entire surface of the back surface. Further, the same problem is caused not only by the back aluminum electrode 6, but also when a thin metal film or a transparent conductive film is used for the back surface electrode. Specifically, in the conventional technique, the surface electrode and the back surface electrode are disposed so as to extend over a relatively long distance from the connection line from one end of the light receiving element to the connection line at the other end. Therefore, the current generated in the vicinity of the center of the light receiving element flows a long distance until reaching the connection line at both ends, so that the current collecting resistance becomes high. On the other hand, according to the configuration of the first embodiment, a plurality of connection lines 10 can be disposed on the light-receiving surface or the back surface of the light-receiving element 1 at relatively short intervals, so that it is possible to substantially shorten the arbitrarily from the light-receiving surface or the back surface. The position from the position to the connection line 10. Therefore, the collector resistance can be lowered.
此外，在本實施形態1中，在一個並聯受光元件100當中，藉由複數個連接線10來連接複數個受光元件1，所以可實質地降低連接線10的導電電阻。 Further, in the first embodiment, among the plurality of parallel light receiving elements 100, the plurality of light receiving elements 1 are connected by a plurality of connecting wires 10, so that the conductive resistance of the connecting wires 10 can be substantially reduced.
另外，連接線10及表面匯流排電極5之下方為未形成有太陽電池的區域，也就是屬於無法太陽光發電的區域較多。其中，在本實施形態1中，表面電極係包含沿著受光元件1之端部配設的表面匯流排電極5，且連接線10將表面匯流排電極5彼此予以連接。根據如上述的 構成，具有提高受光元件1及太陽電池模的光電轉換效率的效果。可提高光電轉換效率的理由，茲容於本實施形態1最後加以說明。 Further, the lower side of the connecting wire 10 and the surface bus bar electrode 5 is a region where the solar cell is not formed, that is, a region which is incapable of generating electricity by sunlight. In the first embodiment, the surface electrode includes the surface bus bar electrode 5 disposed along the end portion of the light receiving element 1, and the connecting wire 10 connects the surface bus bar electrodes 5 to each other. According to the above The configuration has an effect of improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the light receiving element 1 and the solar cell module. The reason why the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved is described at the end of the first embodiment.
順帶一提，從連接線10當中受光元件突出的部分，若皆未固定在哪一個元件及構件，會有第7圖上側的連接線10與第7圖下側的連接線10接觸而短路的可能性。相對於此，在本實施形態1中，藉由受光元件1來保持第7圖上側的連接線10與第7圖下側的連接線10分離的狀態。因此，從光射入方向觀看第7圖上側的連接線10與第7圖下側的連接線10時，即便該等連接線10彼此被重疊配置，亦可抑制該等連接線10彼此的短路。此外，在受光元件1的受光面及背面的任一面，皆可將複數個連接線10以相對較短的間隔來配置，所以可大致縮短從受光面及背面之任意的位置起至連接線10為止的距離。因此，可降低集電電阻。 Incidentally, if any of the components and members that are protruded from the light-receiving member among the connecting wires 10 are not fixed to the components and members, the connecting wire 10 on the upper side of FIG. 7 is in contact with the connecting wire 10 on the lower side of FIG. 7 and is short-circuited. possibility. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the light receiving element 1 holds the state in which the connecting line 10 on the upper side in Fig. 7 is separated from the connecting line 10 on the lower side in Fig. 7. Therefore, when the connection line 10 on the upper side in FIG. 7 and the connection line 10 on the lower side in FIG. 7 are viewed from the light incident direction, even if the connection lines 10 are overlapped with each other, short-circuiting of the connection lines 10 can be suppressed. . Further, since any of the plurality of connecting wires 10 can be arranged at a relatively short interval on either of the light receiving surface and the back surface of the light receiving element 1, the connection line 10 can be substantially shortened from any position on the light receiving surface and the back surface. The distance so far. Therefore, the collector resistance can be lowered.
而且，在本實施形態1中，如第7圖等所示之方式，表面匯流排電極5係配設於較受光元件1之端還靠內側。藉此，可擴大表面匯流排電極5與背面銀電極7之間中的順著受光元件1之基板表面的距離，亦即加大表面匯流排電極5與背面銀電極7之間中的沿著受光元件1之基板表面的距離。因此，可將連接表面側連接線部11與表面匯流排電極5之焊材等的接合構件與連接背面側連接線部13與背面銀電極7之焊材等的接合構件短路的可能性降低。另外，如後述的變形例，背面銀電極7亦與表面 匯流排電極5同樣地配設於較受光元件1之端還靠內側。 Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, the surface bus bar electrode 5 is disposed on the inner side of the end of the light receiving element 1. Thereby, the distance between the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7 along the substrate surface of the light receiving element 1 can be enlarged, that is, the distance between the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7 is increased. The distance of the substrate surface of the light receiving element 1. Therefore, the possibility of short-circuiting the joining member such as the welding material of the surface-side connecting wire portion 11 and the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the joining member connecting the back-side connecting wire portion 13 and the back surface silver electrode 7 can be reduced. Further, as will be described later, the back surface silver electrode 7 is also surfaced The bus bar electrode 5 is similarly disposed on the inner side of the end of the light receiving element 1.
而且，在本實施形態1中，於一個並聯受光元件100中的複數個受光元件1係藉由連接線10來並聯連接，所以各受光元件1的電流大小亦可不一致。因此，如第3圖及第4圖所示之方式，受光元件1a至1e中之至少任一個受光元件的受光面積，亦可與其他的受光元件的面積不同。結果，可提高並聯受光元件100的設計自由度。 Further, in the first embodiment, since the plurality of light receiving elements 1 in one parallel light receiving element 100 are connected in parallel by the connection line 10, the magnitudes of the currents of the respective light receiving elements 1 may not coincide. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the light receiving area of at least one of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e may be different from the area of the other light receiving elements. As a result, the degree of freedom in design of the parallel light receiving element 100 can be improved.
順帶一提，受光元件1a至1e亦可以分割一片半導體基板之方式來形成。第10圖係從正面側觀看形成本實施形態1之受光元件1a至1e的加工前材料之切割前的半導體基板120的俯視圖，而第11圖係從背面側觀看該半導體基板120的俯視圖。 Incidentally, the light receiving elements 1a to 1e can also be formed by dividing a semiconductor substrate. 10 is a plan view of the semiconductor substrate 120 before the dicing of the pre-processed material forming the light-receiving elements 1a to 1e of the first embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of the semiconductor substrate 120 as viewed from the back side.
受光元件1a至1e係以分割一片半導體基板120之方式來形成。該情形，例如就一片半導體基板120而言可採用在單結晶矽基板配設具有上述之表面電極及背面電極的單結晶矽太陽電池的基板，該單結晶矽基板係將直徑約200mm之圓柱狀的單結晶錠(ingot)予以切片而成的半導體晶圓(wafer)。而且，就半導體基板120而言，例如可採用以下基板：具有於四偶由圓弧所形成的截角(corner crop)，且具有邊長100至156mm的近似方形的厚度0.1至0.4mm之平板狀者。 The light receiving elements 1a to 1e are formed to divide one semiconductor substrate 120. In this case, for example, in the case of one semiconductor substrate 120, a substrate of a single crystal germanium solar cell having the above-described surface electrode and back surface electrode, which has a cylindrical shape of about 200 mm in diameter, may be disposed on a single crystal germanium substrate. A semiconductor wafer in which a single crystal ingot is sliced. Further, as for the semiconductor substrate 120, for example, a substrate having a corner crop formed by a circular arc and having an approximately square thickness of 0.1 to 0.4 mm having a side length of 100 to 156 mm may be employed. Shape.
例如，藉由採用雷射等以通過第10圖之表面匯流排電極5彼此之間、及第11圖之背面銀電極7之方式來裁切如上述的半導體基板120，從而形成五個受光元 件1。 For example, by using a laser or the like to cut the semiconductor substrate 120 as described above by passing the surface bus bar electrodes 5 of FIG. 10 and the back surface silver electrode 7 of FIG. 11, five photoreceptors are formed. Item 1.
根據如以上的製造方法，則能夠以量測分割前之形成在一片半導體基板120的一個受光裝置的發電特性等之方式，藉此對串組110之延伸方向中屬於一單位的並聯受光元件100預測短路電流密度等的發電特性。因此，不需一個一個量測分割後之複數個受光元件1的發電特性，故而可降低特性評估的工時。 According to the manufacturing method described above, it is possible to measure the power generation characteristics of one light receiving device formed on one semiconductor substrate 120 before the division, and thereby the parallel light receiving element 100 belonging to one unit in the extending direction of the string 110 can be measured. The power generation characteristics such as the short-circuit current density are predicted. Therefore, the power generation characteristics of the plurality of light-receiving elements 1 after the division are not required to be measured one by one, so that the man-hour for the characteristic evaluation can be reduced.
另外，第1圖的串組110不一定需要以將被並聯連接的複數個受光元件1予以串聯連接的方式來形成，例如亦可以將被串聯連接的複數個受光元件1予以並聯連接的方式來形成。 Further, the string group 110 of Fig. 1 does not necessarily need to be formed by connecting a plurality of light receiving elements 1 connected in parallel in series. For example, a plurality of light receiving elements 1 connected in series may be connected in parallel. form.
接著，主要針對以上說明之太陽電池模組的構成要素之具體的材料及大小之例加以說明。 Next, an example of the specific material and size of the constituent elements of the solar cell module described above will be mainly described.
第1圖所示的連接線10係以下述方式形成：以沖壓加工之方式形成例如厚度為0.01至0.5mm(較佳為0.08至0.5mm)，且寬度為0.5至20mm之帶狀的銅箔，而對該銅箔的兩面施予由銀及錫所構成的焊料鍍覆來形成者。使用如上述的連接線10時，將受光元件1加熱達接近300℃，來使鍍覆在連接線10之銅箔的銀錫鍍覆熔融，從而可將連接線10與表面電極及背面電極予以連接。另外，鍍覆的熔解亦可藉由照點(spot)方式加熱來進行。 The connecting wire 10 shown in Fig. 1 is formed by forming a strip-shaped copper foil having a thickness of, for example, 0.01 to 0.5 mm (preferably 0.08 to 0.5 mm) and a width of 0.5 to 20 mm by press working. On the other hand, the copper foil is formed by solder plating of silver and tin. When the connecting wire 10 as described above is used, the light-receiving element 1 is heated to approximately 300 ° C to melt the silver-tin plating of the copper foil plated on the connecting wire 10, thereby allowing the connecting wire 10 and the surface electrode and the back electrode to be connection. In addition, the melting of the plating can also be carried out by heating in a spot manner.
但是，連接線10不一定必須為經施予銀及錫之鍍覆的構件，例如亦可為不含有銀的錫鍍覆銅線等。此外，連接線10亦可採用不對表面施予鍍覆的構件。該情 形，例如藉由以上述組成以外的組成所構成的焊材、導電性接著劑、導電性高分子、導電性膠帶、溶接或壓著等，從而亦可將連接線10與表面電極及背面電極予以連接。另外，當利用焊材來連接連接線10與背面銀電極7時，背面銀電極7主要由包含Ag之金屬材料構成者較佳。此外，當利用焊材連接連接線10與表面匯流排電極5和背面銀電極7之間時，亦可僅在將連接線10與表面匯流排電極5和背面銀電極7予以連接的部分設置焊材，或亦可以覆蓋連接線10之表面及背面的整體之方式設置焊材。另外，連接線10亦可遍及表面匯流排電極5之全長的方式來與表面匯流排電極5連接，亦可與表面匯流排電極5部分地連接。 However, the connecting wire 10 does not necessarily have to be a member to which silver and tin are applied, and may be, for example, a tin-plated copper wire which does not contain silver. Further, the connecting wire 10 may also be a member that does not apply a plating to the surface. The situation For example, the bonding wire 10 and the surface electrode and the back surface electrode can be connected by a welding material, a conductive adhesive, a conductive polymer, a conductive tape, a bonding or a pressing which are composed of a composition other than the above-described composition. Connect. Further, when the bonding wire 10 and the back surface silver electrode 7 are connected by a solder material, the back surface silver electrode 7 is mainly composed of a metal material containing Ag. Further, when the connection wire 10 is connected between the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7 by the welding material, it is also possible to provide welding only at the portion where the connection wire 10 is connected to the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7. The material may be provided in such a manner as to cover the entire surface and the back surface of the connecting wire 10. Further, the connection line 10 may be connected to the surface bus bar electrode 5 so as to extend over the entire length of the surface bus bar electrode 5, or may be partially connected to the surface bus bar electrode 5.
在以上的說明中，如第1圖所示，使一對對稱的連接線10沿著Y方向延伸而配設在受光元件1的兩端部，惟僅將一條連接線10設置在任一方的端部，亦同樣地獲得效果。而且，連接線10的延伸方向及串組110的延伸方向不須互相成平行，亦可配合受光元件1亦即太陽電池的形狀，或配合受光元件1間的排列間隔而些許調節。具體而言，連接線10的背面側連接線部13不一定需與受光元件1的端邊呈平行，亦可對端邊呈0至20度左右之傾斜。 In the above description, as shown in Fig. 1, a pair of symmetrical connecting wires 10 are extended in the Y direction and disposed at both end portions of the light receiving element 1, but only one connecting wire 10 is provided at either end. The Ministry also achieved the same effect. Further, the extending direction of the connecting wire 10 and the extending direction of the string 110 do not have to be parallel to each other, and may be adjusted in a shape similar to the shape of the solar cell of the light receiving element 1, or the arrangement interval between the light receiving elements 1. Specifically, the back side connecting line portion 13 of the connecting wire 10 does not necessarily need to be parallel to the end side of the light receiving element 1, and may be inclined to the end side by about 0 to 20 degrees.
第3圖所示的表面柵狀電極4，係例如具有寬度0.05至0.2mm的寬度且沿預定方向延伸的電極圖案以0.5至2.5mm的週期沿與該預定方向正交的方向配置。表面匯流排電極5及連接線10，例如沿與表面柵狀電極4 正交的方向延伸形成在受光元件1上。另外，由於表面匯流排電極5係連接於連接線10，故大多的情形較表面柵狀電極4還粗，例如大多具有0.1mm至數mm左右的寬度。 The surface grid electrode 4 shown in Fig. 3 is, for example, an electrode pattern having a width of 0.05 to 0.2 mm in width and extending in a predetermined direction, and is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction with a period of 0.5 to 2.5 mm. Surface bus bar electrode 5 and connecting wire 10, for example, along surface grating electrode 4 The orthogonal direction is formed to extend on the light receiving element 1. Further, since the surface bus bar electrode 5 is connected to the connection line 10, it is often thicker than the surface grid electrode 4, and for example, it has a width of about 0.1 mm to several mm.
而且，只要連接線10、與全部的表面柵狀電極4電性連接即可，不一定需要配設表面匯流排電極5。即便配設表面匯流排電極5的情形，表面匯流排電極5也不一定需為單一串之電極，再者不一定需為較表面柵狀電極4粗的電極。 Further, as long as the connection line 10 is electrically connected to all of the surface grid electrodes 4, it is not always necessary to provide the surface bus bar electrodes 5. Even in the case where the surface bus bar electrode 5 is disposed, the surface bus bar electrode 5 does not necessarily need to be a single string electrode, and it is not necessarily required to be an electrode thicker than the surface grid electrode 4.
在第4圖所示的背面構成中，以Al為主成分的背面鋁電極6係被覆受光元件1背面的大致整面。但是不限定於此，亦可採用以Ag為主成分的金屬電極來代換背面鋁電極6。在採用以Ag為主成分的金屬電極來代換背面鋁電極6的構成中，可將連接線10直接與背面鋁電極6連接，故此不一定需要配設背面銀電極7。此外，亦可採用由銀以外的材質所構成的電極來代換背面銀電極7。 In the back surface configuration shown in FIG. 4, the back surface aluminum electrode 6 mainly composed of Al covers substantially the entire surface of the back surface of the light receiving element 1. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the back surface aluminum electrode 6 may be replaced by a metal electrode containing Ag as a main component. In the configuration in which the back surface aluminum electrode 6 is replaced by a metal electrode containing Ag as a main component, the connection line 10 can be directly connected to the back surface aluminum electrode 6, and thus it is not necessary to provide the back surface silver electrode 7. Further, the back electrode silver electrode 7 may be replaced by an electrode made of a material other than silver.
再者，背面電極，與表面柵狀電極4及表面匯流排電極5同樣地，亦可採用形成於背面的一部分區域的金屬電極，亦可採用組合該等金屬電極及形成於背面之大致整面之透明導電電極而成的電極。根據如此構成，受光元件1的背面亦可使用為受光面，因此可將受光元件1使用為兩面受光元件。另外，在這樣的構成中，背面電極中的寬度及分離間隔係與表面電極中的寬度及分離間隔不同為佳。 Further, similarly to the surface grid electrode 4 and the surface bus bar electrode 5, the back electrode may be a metal electrode formed in a partial region of the back surface, or a combination of the metal electrodes and a substantially entire surface formed on the back surface. An electrode made of a transparent conductive electrode. According to this configuration, since the back surface of the light receiving element 1 can be used as the light receiving surface, the light receiving element 1 can be used as a double-sided light receiving element. Further, in such a configuration, the width and the separation interval in the back surface electrode are preferably different from the width and the separation interval in the surface electrode.
於第10圖及第11圖等所示的半導體基板 120中，例如採用以下之薄板狀之具有pn接面的半導體基板：屬於正面之受光面及屬於背面之非受光面的各自平面形狀為大致矩形，且具有厚度例如為0.1至0.5mm者。具體而言，在採用單結晶的半導體基板中，為減少在從單結晶錠的圓形形成為矩形時被裁切掉而成為浪費的部分，如第10圖及第11圖所示，大多形成為角落的一部分被裁切掉的形狀。因此，在上述的大致矩形中包含有具有一組平行的邊及與該等平行邊成正交的一組平行邊的四角型形狀，或者四角形狀的角落的一部分被裁切掉的形狀等。 Semiconductor substrate shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 and the like In the case of 120, for example, a semiconductor substrate having a pn junction having a thin plate shape, which has a flat surface shape and a non-light-receiving surface belonging to the back surface, has a substantially rectangular shape and has a thickness of, for example, 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Specifically, in a semiconductor substrate using a single crystal, in order to reduce a portion which is cut when being formed into a rectangular shape from a circular shape of a single crystal ingot, it is wasteful, and as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , it is often formed. The shape that was cut off for a part of the corner. Therefore, the above-described substantially rectangular shape includes a quadrangular shape having a set of parallel sides and a set of parallel sides orthogonal to the parallel sides, or a shape in which a part of the corners of the quadrangular shape is cut off.
另外，於第10圖及第11圖所示的半導體基板120的形狀係正方形之角落的一部分被裁切掉的形狀，惟不限定於此，例如亦可為長方形之角落的一部分被裁切掉的形狀。 Further, the shape of the semiconductor substrate 120 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is a shape in which a part of a corner of the square is cut, but is not limited thereto. For example, a part of a corner of the rectangle may be cut off. shape.
此外，就半導體基板120及分割半導體基板120而形成的受光元件1而言，亦可採用具有pn接面的結晶矽受光元件或砷化鎵(gallium arsenide)受光元件等。pn接面亦可由雜質擴散來形成，或亦可為非晶矽(amorphous silicon)等之異接面(hetero-junction)。 Further, as the light receiving element 1 formed by the semiconductor substrate 120 and the divided semiconductor substrate 120, a crystal germanium light receiving element having a pn junction or a gallium arsenide light receiving element or the like may be used. The pn junction may also be formed by diffusion of impurities, or may be a hetero-junction of amorphous silicon or the like.
就實施形態1之太陽電池模組的製造方法而言，例如可採用與揭示於日本特開2013-021172號等之方法相同的製造方法。 For the method of manufacturing the solar cell module of the first embodiment, for example, the same manufacturing method as that disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-021172 can be employed.
以下，比對習知技術。在習知的受光元件中，光線受到表面匯流排電極遮擋，而在發電不多的區域的表面匯流排電極的背側的區域，設置電流取出電極。藉 此，可降低因電流取出電極所造成的效率損失。為了提高降低效率損失的效果，例如有人提出：配設於受光元件之兩端部的兩條連接線以從該受光元件的兩端突出之方式配置的構成。 Hereinafter, conventional techniques are compared. In the conventional light-receiving element, light is blocked by the surface bus bar electrode, and a current take-out electrode is provided in a region on the back side of the surface bus bar electrode in a region where power generation is not large. borrow This can reduce the efficiency loss caused by the current taking out of the electrode. In order to improve the effect of reducing the efficiency loss, for example, it has been proposed that two connection lines disposed at both end portions of the light receiving element are arranged to protrude from both ends of the light receiving element.
此外，在習知的太陽電池模組中，連接受光面側與背面側的連接線在受光元件間部位彎折，俾使受光元件與連接線的連接點未重疊在受光面側及背面側。然而，在這樣的構成中，背側的連接線僅可與受光元件的局部部分連接。因此，電阻較連接線還大的背面電極的長度，亦即由受光元件所產生的電流到要集電至連接線所通過的集電距離相對變大，而會有導致集電電阻變大的課題。特別是，當半導體基板面積變大時，背面電極長度增加，結果，使由串組110中之屬於寬度方向的X方向的集電距離增加所造成的影響顯著化。 Further, in the conventional solar cell module, the connection line connecting the light-receiving surface side and the back surface side is bent at a portion between the light-receiving elements, so that the connection point between the light-receiving element and the connection line does not overlap the light-receiving surface side and the back surface side. However, in such a configuration, the connection line on the back side can be connected only to a partial portion of the light receiving element. Therefore, the length of the back electrode which is larger than the connection line, that is, the current generated by the light-receiving element to the collector to be collected to the connection line is relatively large, and the collector resistance is increased. Question. In particular, when the area of the semiconductor substrate is increased, the length of the back surface electrode is increased, and as a result, the influence of the increase in the collector distance in the X direction belonging to the width direction in the string group 110 is remarkable.
例如，假設對於通常150mm大小的受光元件，亦即第10圖及第11圖所示之與一片半導體基板120相對應的一個受光元件，配設有兩條連接線的情形。該情形，若兩條連接線係相對於受光元件的寬度均等地配置，則在元件電極的集電距離，亦即X方向中的連接線與連接線之間的距離約為38mm左右。另一方面，在兩條連接線係配設於受光元件的兩端部的構成中，在元件電極的集電距離成為70mm以上。 For example, it is assumed that two light-receiving elements, which are usually 150 mm in size, that is, one light-receiving element corresponding to one semiconductor substrate 120 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 are provided with two connecting lines. In this case, when the two connection lines are equally arranged with respect to the width of the light-receiving element, the distance between the connection line of the element electrode, that is, the connection line in the X direction and the connection line is about 38 mm. On the other hand, in the configuration in which the two connecting wires are disposed at both end portions of the light receiving element, the current collecting distance of the element electrodes is 70 mm or more.
如上述的元件電極中的集電距離的增大，乃至於集電電阻的增大，即便由連接線配設在受光元件的 兩端部從而達成陰影面積的降低，藉此提高增益，結果亦使太陽電池模組的特性降低。如此的集電電阻的增大，不僅產生在背面電極，亦同樣產生在表面電極，特別是，由於表面電極大多形成的較細，所以特性的降低較背面電極還顯著。相對於此，根據本實施形態1，如上述之方式，藉由增加受光元件1的受光面積，從而可降低連接線10的導電電阻以及降低集電電阻。 As described above, the increase in the collector distance in the element electrode, or even the increase in the collector resistance, even if the connection line is disposed in the light-receiving element The both ends thus achieve a reduction in the shaded area, thereby increasing the gain, and as a result, the characteristics of the solar cell module are lowered. Such an increase in the current collecting resistance is generated not only in the back surface electrode but also in the surface electrode. In particular, since the surface electrode is often formed thin, the deterioration of characteristics is remarkable as compared with the back surface electrode. On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, as described above, by increasing the light receiving area of the light receiving element 1, the conductive resistance of the connecting wire 10 can be lowered and the current collecting resistance can be lowered.
另外，若考量連接線的寬度及厚度增加可減小連接線的電阻，則為了降低受光元件的表面內的集電電阻，連接線係配設成沿串組110的延伸方向自受光元件的一端起橫跨至另一端為止較佳。具體而言，將受光面的連接線配設在兩端，而且進一步為了降低受光元件的表面內的集電電阻，兩面的連接線兩方皆配設成橫跨受光元件較佳。然而，在這樣的構成中，受光面側的連接線與背面側的連接線在俯視觀看下成為配設於不同的位置。結果，在太陽電池元件上會出現由連接線所形成之非發電區域，故此會有相應於連接線面積量而導致發電效率降低的問題。 In addition, if the width and thickness of the connecting line are increased to reduce the resistance of the connecting line, in order to reduce the current collecting resistance in the surface of the light receiving element, the connecting line is disposed to extend from the end of the light receiving element along the extending direction of the string 110. It is better to span from the other end. Specifically, the connection line of the light-receiving surface is disposed at both ends, and further, in order to reduce the current collecting resistance in the surface of the light-receiving element, it is preferable that both of the connection lines on both sides are disposed so as to straddle the light-receiving element. However, in such a configuration, the connection line on the light-receiving surface side and the connection line on the back surface side are disposed at different positions in plan view. As a result, a non-power generation region formed by the connection line appears on the solar cell element, and thus there is a problem that the power generation efficiency is lowered in accordance with the amount of the connection line area.
此現象受光元件的背面的一部分，特別是背面的電極以外的區域被鈍化(passivation)的受光元件也相同。就背面被鈍化的受光元件而言，具有：集電電極的材質與電流取出電極的材質相同而圖案不同的構成，或集電電集與電流取出電極一體化的構成等。然而，在任何一者的構成中，在集電電極、電流取出電極以及受光元件基 板的界面的再結合皆會有不良影響較鈍化膜與受光元件基板之界面的再結合還大。因此，一般而言集電電極及電流取出電極，設置於形成發電不多之區域的正面側的匯流排電極的下側為佳。 This phenomenon is also the same for a part of the back surface of the light-receiving element, in particular, a light-receiving element in which a region other than the electrode on the back surface is passivated. The light-receiving element that has been passivated on the back surface has a configuration in which the material of the current-collecting electrode is the same as the material of the current-extracting electrode, and the pattern is different, or a configuration in which the current collecting electrode and the current-extracting electrode are integrated. However, in any one of the configurations, the collector electrode, the current extraction electrode, and the light-receiving element base The recombination of the interface of the board has an adverse effect that is greater than the recombination of the interface between the passivation film and the substrate of the light receiving element. Therefore, in general, the current collecting electrode and the current extracting electrode are preferably provided on the lower side of the bus bar electrode on the front side of the region where the power generation is not much.
相對於此，本實施形態1的太陽電池模組，在形成表面匯流排電極5的陰影的部分配設有屬於電流取出電極的背面銀電極7。結果，可使因背面銀電極7所造成的電阻損失降低，而具有比習知技術更可提高受光元件1及太陽電池模組的發電效率的效果。 On the other hand, in the solar battery module of the first embodiment, the back surface silver electrode 7 belonging to the current take-out electrode is disposed in a portion where the shadow of the surface bus bar electrode 5 is formed. As a result, the electric resistance loss due to the back surface silver electrode 7 can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the light receiving element 1 and the solar cell module can be improved more than the conventional technique.
第12圖係顯示變形例1的並聯受光元件100b的構成的剖視圖，具體而言為沿著第6圖中A-A’的剖視圖。在本變形例1中，追加了絕緣構件14，且絕緣構件14係配設於第12圖的上側的連接線10與第12圖的下側的連接線10之間的間隙中的至少一部分。根據如此的本變形例1的構成，可提高上下的連接線10彼此的絕緣性。另外，絕緣構件14亦可如第12圖所示之方式配設於上下的連接線10的正中間，亦可如第13圖所示之方式接近上側的連接線10來配設，此外雖未加以圖示，但亦可接近下側的連接線10來配設。 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a parallel light receiving element 100b according to Modification 1, specifically, a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Fig. 6. In the first modification, the insulating member 14 is added, and the insulating member 14 is disposed at least in a part of a gap between the upper connecting line 10 of FIG. 12 and the lower connecting line 10 of FIG. According to the configuration of the first modification as described above, the insulation between the upper and lower connecting wires 10 can be improved. Further, the insulating member 14 may be disposed in the middle of the upper and lower connecting wires 10 as shown in Fig. 12, or may be disposed close to the upper connecting wire 10 as shown in Fig. 13, but not yet Although it is illustrated, it can also be arranged close to the lower connecting wire 10.
第14圖係與第4圖同樣地從背面側觀看本變形例2的受光元件1a至1e的俯視圖。本變形例2的背面銀電極7，與第4圖所示的實施形態1的構成不同，而與表面匯流 排電極5同樣地配置於較受光元件1之端還靠內側的內側部分。根據如此構成，可增加表面匯流排電極5與背面銀電極7之間的順著受光元件1的基板表面的距離。因此，可降低連接表面側連接線部11與表面匯流排電極5的銲材等的接合構件與連接背面側連接線部13與背面銀電極7的銲材等的接合構件短路的可能性，且可提高絕緣性。 Fig. 14 is a plan view of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e of the second modification viewed from the back side in the same manner as Fig. 4 . The back surface silver electrode 7 of the second modification differs from the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that it merges with the surface. The row electrode 5 is similarly disposed on the inner side portion which is further inside than the end of the light receiving element 1. According to this configuration, the distance between the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the back surface silver electrode 7 along the substrate surface of the light receiving element 1 can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the bonding member such as the bonding material connecting the surface side connecting line portion 11 and the surface bus bar electrode 5 and the bonding member connecting the back side connecting line portion 13 and the back surface silver electrode 7 are short-circuited, and Can improve insulation.
第15圖係顯示變形例3的並聯受光元件100b的構成的剖面圖，具題而言為沿著第6圖的A-A’的剖面圖。在第15圖所示的例中，雖然也追加了在變形例1所說明的絕緣構件14，亦可不追加絕緣構件14。 Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the parallel light receiving element 100b according to the third modification, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of Fig. 6. In the example shown in Fig. 15, the insulating member 14 described in the first modification is added, and the insulating member 14 may not be added.
在本變形例3中，追加有導光構件15，導光構件15係配設於在與連接線10的表面電極連接的部分中，與表面電極連接之表面的相反側的表面。在導光構件15中，例如含有光反射體或光散射體等。根據如此的構成，可藉由導光構件15來將朝向連接線10的光線引導至受光元件1的受光面。藉此，可進一步提高發電效率。 In the third modification, the light guiding member 15 is added, and the light guiding member 15 is disposed on the surface on the opposite side to the surface to which the surface electrode is connected, in the portion connected to the surface electrode of the connecting wire 10. The light guiding member 15 includes, for example, a light reflector or a light scatterer. According to such a configuration, the light guiding the connecting line 10 can be guided to the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 1 by the light guiding member 15. Thereby, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.
第16圖及第17圖係從正面側觀看變形例4的並聯受光元件100b、100c的俯視圖，以及從背面側觀看之的俯視圖，相當於從第1圖的一串的串組110拆下之沿Y方向相鄰的並聯受光元件100b、100c的俯視圖。另外，為簡化圖示，在第16圖中，雖圖示有並聯受光元件100b所包含的連接線10，但省略除此以外的連接線10的圖示。 16 and 17 are plan views of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c of the fourth modification viewed from the front side, and a plan view seen from the back side, corresponding to a series of string groups 110 of Fig. 1 . A plan view of the parallel light receiving elements 100b and 100c adjacent in the Y direction. In addition, in order to simplify the illustration, although the connection line 10 included in the parallel light receiving element 100b is shown in FIG. 16, the illustration of the other connection line 10 is abbreviate|omitted.
在本變形例4中，連接線10當中與受光元件1a至1e的表面電極連接之部分的寬度W1係較與受光元件1a至1e的背面電極連接之部分的寬度W2還窄。連接線10當中與表面側連接的部分會遮擋入射至受光元件的光線，所以連接線10之寬度較細者的發電效率變高。然而，若不僅表面側的連接線的寬度，連背面側的連接線10的寬度亦變窄，會造成連接線10與背面銀電極7的連接面積變窄，而受光元件1a至1e與連接線10的連接強度降低。連接強度降低，會引起製作串組時的良品率降低或太陽電池模組的長期可靠性降低。因此，在本變形例4中，連接線10當中與背面側連接之部分的寬度W2加寬。藉此，可擴大連接線10與背面銀電極7的連接面積，且可保持較高受光元件1a至1e與連接線10的連接強度。連接線10當中與背面側連接的部分不遮擋入射至受光元件1a至1e的光線，所以不產生發電效率的降低，而且擴大了連接線10與背面銀電極7的連接面積，所以可降低連接線10與背面銀電極7的接觸電阻。 In the fourth modification, the width W1 of the portion of the connecting wire 10 that is connected to the surface electrodes of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e is narrower than the width W2 of the portion where the back electrodes of the light receiving elements 1a to 1e are connected. The portion of the connecting wire 10 that is connected to the front side blocks the light incident on the light receiving element, so that the power generation efficiency of the connecting wire 10 is thinner. However, if not only the width of the connecting line on the front side but also the width of the connecting line 10 on the back side is narrowed, the connection area of the connecting line 10 and the back surface silver electrode 7 is narrowed, and the light receiving elements 1a to 1e and the connecting line are formed. The connection strength of 10 is lowered. A decrease in the connection strength causes a decrease in the yield of the string set or a decrease in the long-term reliability of the solar cell module. Therefore, in the fourth modification, the width W2 of the portion of the connecting wire 10 that is connected to the back side is widened. Thereby, the connection area of the connection line 10 and the back surface silver electrode 7 can be enlarged, and the connection strength of the high light-receiving elements 1a to 1e and the connection line 10 can be maintained. The portion of the connecting wire 10 that is connected to the back side does not block the light incident on the light receiving elements 1a to 1e, so that the power generation efficiency is not lowered, and the connection area between the connecting wire 10 and the back silver electrode 7 is enlarged, so that the connecting line can be lowered. 10 contact resistance with the back silver electrode 7.
另外，本發明在其發明的範圍內，能夠適當變形、省略實施形態。 Further, the present invention can be appropriately modified and the embodiments are omitted within the scope of the invention.
本發明雖已詳述，但上述的說明在所有形態中僅為例示，並非用以限定本發明。凡未例示之無數個變形例，在未超出本發明之範圍下均可視為可思及者。 The present invention has been described in detail, but is not intended to limit the invention. Numerous variations that are not exemplified are considered to be considered without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/032952 WO2019053795A1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Solar cell module and manufacturing method for same |
| ??PCT/JP2017/032952 | 2017-09-13 |
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| TW201015732A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-16 | Pegatron Corp | Solar cell module |
| US20170236963A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-08-17 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of bifacial cells and method for producing such a module |
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| US4089705A (en) * | 1976-07-28 | 1978-05-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Hexagon solar power panel |
| JP4153785B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2008-09-24 | 京セラ株式会社 | Solar cell module |
| JP4646558B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2011-03-09 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Solar cell module |
| JP5171001B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2013-03-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Method for manufacturing solar cell module, solar cell and solar cell module |
| JP2014007225A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2014-01-16 | Sharp Corp | Solar cell with wiring, solar cell module, and solar cell array |
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| TW201015732A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-16 | Pegatron Corp | Solar cell module |
| US20170236963A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-08-17 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of bifacial cells and method for producing such a module |
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