TWI638523B - Synchronous circuit of complex oscillator circuit - Google Patents
Synchronous circuit of complex oscillator circuit Download PDFInfo
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- TWI638523B TWI638523B TW106103105A TW106103105A TWI638523B TW I638523 B TWI638523 B TW I638523B TW 106103105 A TW106103105 A TW 106103105A TW 106103105 A TW106103105 A TW 106103105A TW I638523 B TWI638523 B TW I638523B
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Abstract
一種複數振盪電路之同步電路，包含複數個振盪器、一接地元件與一共同浮接接地單元，各該振盪器具有一接地端，該接地元件具有一第一端與一第二端，該接地元件的第二端接地，該共同浮接接地單元電性連接在該等振盪器的接地端與該接地元件的第一端之間；該等振盪器的接地端係通過該共同浮接接地單元與該接地元件而接地，故使該等振盪器彼此干涉，達到該等振盪器所產生的振盪訊號在穩態時，其振盪頻率能同步的效果。 A synchronous circuit of a plurality of oscillating circuits, comprising a plurality of oscillators, a grounding component and a common floating grounding unit, each of the oscillators having a grounding end, the grounding component having a first end and a second end, the grounding The second end of the component is grounded, and the common floating grounding unit is electrically connected between the ground end of the oscillator and the first end of the grounding component; the grounding end of the oscillator passes through the common floating grounding unit The grounding element is grounded, so that the oscillators interfere with each other to achieve the effect that the oscillation frequency generated by the oscillators can be synchronized when the oscillation signal is in a steady state.
Description
本創作是關於一種複數個振盪電路間的同步技術，特別是指使複數個振盪器所產生之振盪訊號同步化的設計。 This creation is about a synchronization technique between a plurality of oscillation circuits, in particular, a design for synchronizing oscillation signals generated by a plurality of oscillators.
複數振盪電路之同步電路包含有複數振盪器，該等振盪器分別用以產生振盪訊號，習知作法是採用注入鎖定(Injection Locking)手段以使該等振盪器產生的振盪訊號保持同步(synchronization)。 The synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit includes a plurality of oscillators for respectively generating an oscillating signal. It is a conventional practice to use injection locking to keep the oscillating signals generated by the oscillators synchronized. .
注入鎖定手段應用於振盪訊號同步時，同步訊號在傳遞過程中會有延遲現象，此延遲現象在同步化低頻之振盪訊號時所產生的影響較小；然而，當注入鎖定手段應用於振盪訊號的波長達毫米波(即：振盪頻率約為30~300GHz)以上的振盪器時，同步訊號之延遲現象將造成該等振盪器的振盪訊號無法如期同步。 When the injection locking method is applied to the oscillation signal synchronization, the synchronization signal has a delay phenomenon in the transmission process, and the delay phenomenon has less influence on synchronizing the low frequency oscillation signal; however, when the injection locking means is applied to the oscillation signal When an oscillator with a wavelength of up to a millimeter wave (ie, an oscillation frequency of about 30 to 300 GHz) or more, the delay of the synchronous signal will cause the oscillation signals of the oscillators to be synchronized as expected.
有鑒於此，本創作之主要目的是提供一種同步設計技術，採用共同浮接接地單元，不採用習知注入鎖定手段，自然沒有先前技術所述的問題。 In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a synchronous design technique, using a common floating grounding unit, without the conventional injection locking means, naturally without the problems described in the prior art.
本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路包含：複數振盪器，各該振盪器具有一接地端；一接地元件，具有一第一端與一第二端，該接地元件的第二端接地；以及一共同浮接接地單元，電性連接在該等振盪器的接地端與該接地元件的第一端之間； 該共同浮接接地單元包含有一共接節點與複數電子元件，該等振盪器的接地端係分別電性連接電子元件，以通過所述電子元件電性連接該共接節點；該接地元件的第一端電性連接該共同浮接接地單元的共接節點。 The synchronous circuit of the complex oscillating circuit comprises: a complex oscillator, each of the oscillators has a grounding end; a grounding component having a first end and a second end, the second end of the grounding element being grounded; and a common a floating grounding unit electrically connected between the ground end of the oscillator and the first end of the grounding element; The common floating grounding unit includes a common node and a plurality of electronic components, wherein the grounding ends of the oscillators are electrically connected to the electronic components, respectively, to electrically connect the common node through the electronic components; One end is electrically connected to the common node of the common floating ground unit.
根據本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路，該等振盪器的接地端係通過該共同浮接接地單元而彼此連接，故使該等振盪器彼此干涉，達到該等振盪器所產生的振盪訊號在穩態時，其振盪頻率能同步化的效果。和先前技術相比，本創作不採用注入鎖定手段進行振盪訊號的相位同步鎖定，故本創作應用於振盪訊號的波長達毫米波以上的振盪器時，自然沒有先前技術所述延遲現象導致振盪訊號無法如期同步的技術問題。 According to the synchronization circuit of the complex oscillation circuit, the ground terminals of the oscillators are connected to each other through the common floating ground unit, so that the oscillators interfere with each other, and the oscillation signals generated by the oscillators are stabilized. In the state, the oscillation frequency can be synchronized. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use the injection locking method to perform phase synchronization locking of the oscillating signal. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to an oscillator whose wavelength of the oscillation signal is more than millimeter wave, there is naturally no lag signal caused by the delay phenomenon described in the prior art. Technical issues that cannot be synchronized as expected.
10‧‧‧振盪器 10‧‧‧Oscillator
11‧‧‧相位調整電路 11‧‧‧ phase adjustment circuit
12‧‧‧鎖相迴路 12‧‧‧ phase-locked loop
20‧‧‧接地元件 20‧‧‧ Grounding components
30‧‧‧共同浮接接地單元 30‧‧‧Common floating grounding unit
31‧‧‧共接節點 31‧‧‧Communication node
32‧‧‧電子元件 32‧‧‧Electronic components
Vout‧‧‧訊號輸出端 Vout‧‧‧ signal output
G‧‧‧接地端 G‧‧‧ Grounding terminal
‧‧‧振盪訊號 ‧‧‧Oscillation signal
C‧‧‧電容器 C‧‧‧ capacitor
C1‧‧‧第一電容器 C1‧‧‧First Capacitor
C2‧‧‧第二電容器 C2‧‧‧second capacitor
1‧‧‧第一振盪訊號 1‧‧‧First oscillation signal
2‧‧‧第二振盪訊號 2‧‧‧second oscillation signal
Vcc‧‧‧電源 Vcc‧‧‧ power supply
圖1：本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路之實施例的電路方塊示意圖。 Figure 1: Schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a synchronization circuit for creating a complex oscillating circuit.
圖2：圖1所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的一實施例的電路示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an oscillator in a synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Fig. 1.
圖3：圖1所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的另一實施例的電路示意圖。 Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of an oscillator in a synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Fig. 1.
圖4：圖1所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的再一實施例的電路示意圖。 Figure 4 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment of the oscillator in the synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Figure 1.
圖5：圖1所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的再一實施例的電路示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment of the oscillator in the synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Fig. 1.
圖6：本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路之另一實施例的電路方塊示意圖。 Figure 6 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of a synchronization circuit of the present complex oscillating circuit.
圖7：圖6所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的一實施例的電路示意圖。 Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an oscillator in a synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Fig. 6.
圖8：圖6所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的另一實施例的電路示意圖。 Figure 8 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the oscillator in the synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Figure 6.
圖9：圖6所示複數振盪電路之同步電路中之振盪器的再一實施例的電路示意圖。 Figure 9 is a circuit diagram showing still another embodiment of the oscillator in the synchronizing circuit of the complex oscillating circuit shown in Figure 6.
圖10：本創作一實施例中相同自由振盪頻率兩振盪器的振盪訊號在初期第0奈秒(nano-second)至第10奈秒的訊號波形未同步示意圖。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the unsynchronized signal waveforms of the oscillation signals of the two oscillators of the same free oscillation frequency in the initial 0th nanosecond to the 10th nanosecond in the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖11：圖10中第6~10奈秒的訊號波形之放大圖。 Figure 11: An enlarged view of the signal waveform of the 6th to 10th nanoseconds in Figure 10.
圖12：接續圖10-11中相同自由振盪頻率之兩振盪器的振盪訊號在第96~100奈秒時的訊號波形同步示意圖。 Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the synchronization of the signal waveforms of the oscillation signals of the two oscillators of the same free oscillation frequency in Fig. 10-11 at the 96th to 100th nanoseconds.
圖13：本創作另一實施例中不同自由振盪頻率之兩振盪器的振盪訊號在初期第0奈秒(nano-second)至第10奈秒的訊號波形示意圖。 FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the signal waveforms of the oscillation signals of the two oscillators with different free oscillation frequencies in the initial 0th nanosecond to the 10th nanosecond in another embodiment of the present invention.
圖14：圖13中第6~10奈秒的訊號波形之放大圖。 Figure 14: An enlarged view of the signal waveform of the 6th to 10th nanoseconds in Figure 13.
圖15：接續圖13、14中不同自由振盪頻率之兩振盪器的振盪訊號在第96~100奈秒時呈現相位差異但頻率相同的訊號波形示意圖。 Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing signal waveforms in which the oscillation signals of the two oscillators of different free oscillation frequencies in Figs. 13 and 14 exhibit phase differences but the same frequency at 96 to 100 nanoseconds.
圖16：本創作實施例中個別壓控振盪器之閘極電壓與自由振盪頻率的特性曲線圖。 Figure 16: Characteristic curve of gate voltage and free oscillation frequency of individual voltage controlled oscillators in the present embodiment.
圖17：本創作實施例中改變兩個壓控振盪器其中一個之閘極電壓，所獲得之自由振盪頻率與相位差的調整結果。 Fig. 17 shows the adjustment result of the free oscillation frequency and the phase difference obtained by changing the gate voltage of one of the two voltage controlled oscillators in the present embodiment.
請參考圖1，本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路包含有複數振盪器10、一接地元件20與一共同浮接接地單元30。圖1所示的四個振盪器10僅為舉例而已，本創作並不以此為限，各該振盪器10具有訊號輸出端Vout與接地端G，該訊號輸出端Vout供輸出一振盪訊號，該接地元件20具有一第一端與一第二端，該接地元件20的第二端接地，該共同浮接接地單元30電性連接在該等 振盪器10的接地端G與該接地元件20的第一端之間；是以，該等振盪器10的接地端G係通過該共同浮接接地單元30與該接地元件20而接地，而非直接接地。 Referring to FIG. 1, the synchronization circuit of the present complex oscillator circuit includes a complex oscillator 10, a ground element 20 and a common floating ground unit 30. The four oscillators 10 shown in FIG. 1 are only examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Each of the oscillators 10 has a signal output terminal Vout and a ground terminal G, and the signal output terminal Vout outputs an oscillation signal. The grounding element 20 has a first end and a second end. The second end of the grounding element 20 is grounded. The common floating grounding unit 30 is electrically connected to the grounding end G of the oscillator 10 and the grounding component. Between the first ends of 20; that is, the ground terminal G of the oscillators 10 is grounded through the common floating ground unit 30 and the ground element 20, rather than being directly grounded.
如圖1所示，該共同浮接接地單元30包含有一共接節點31與複數電子元件32，該共接節點31為一浮接共同接地點(floating common-ground node)，該等振盪器10的接地端G係分別電性連接電子元件32，以通過電子元件32電性連接該共接節點31，所述電子元件32可為傳輸線或導線，或為電阻、電感與電容所構成的網路(即：RLC網路)。該接地元件20的第一端電性連接該共同浮接接地單元30的共接節點31，該接地元件20可為電感器、RLC網路、傳輸線或纜線，圖1所示的該接地元件20是以電感器為例，但不以此為限。 As shown in FIG. 1, the common floating ground unit 30 includes a common node 31 and a plurality of electronic components 32. The common node 31 is a floating common-ground node. The grounding terminal G is electrically connected to the electronic component 32 to be electrically connected to the common node 31 through the electronic component 32. The electronic component 32 can be a transmission line or a wire, or a network composed of a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor. (ie: RLC network). The first end of the grounding component 20 is electrically connected to the common node 31 of the common floating grounding unit 30, and the grounding component 20 can be an inductor, an RLC network, a transmission line or a cable, and the grounding component shown in FIG. 20 is an example of an inductor, but is not limited thereto.
所述振盪器10舉例來說可為電感電容共振腔(LC resonant cavity)式振盪器、壓控振盪器(Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,VCO)、考畢茲振盪器(Colpitts oscillator)、環型振盪器(Ring oscillator)、哈特利振盪器(Hartley oscillator)或晶體振盪器(crystal oscillator)，但不以此為限。圖2為考畢茲振盪器的典型電路，其接地端G通過該共同浮接接地單元30的電子元件32而電性連接該共接節點31；圖3為環型振盪器的典型電路，其接地端G通過該共同浮接接地單元30的電子元件32而電性連接該共接節點31；圖4為哈特利振盪器的典型電路，其接地端G通過該共同浮接接地單元30的電子元件32而電性連接該共接節點31；圖5為晶體振盪器的典型電路，其接地端G通過該共同浮接接地單元30的電子元件32而電性連接該共接節點31。 The oscillator 10 can be, for example, an LC resonant cavity oscillator, a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO), a Colpitts oscillator, and a ring oscillator. (Ring oscillator), Hartley oscillator or crystal oscillator, but not limited to this. 2 is a typical circuit of a Colpitts oscillator, the ground terminal G is electrically connected to the common node 31 through the electronic component 32 of the common floating ground unit 30; FIG. 3 is a typical circuit of the ring oscillator. The grounding terminal G is electrically connected to the common node 31 through the electronic component 32 of the common floating grounding unit 30; FIG. 4 is a typical circuit of the Hartley oscillator, and the grounding terminal G thereof passes through the common floating grounding unit 30. The electronic component 32 is electrically connected to the common node 31. FIG. 5 is a typical circuit of the crystal oscillator, and the ground terminal G is electrically connected to the common node 31 through the electronic component 32 of the common floating grounding unit 30.
根據本創作複數振盪電路之同步電路，雖然該等振盪器10分別為獨立動作的振盪器，但該等振盪器10的接地端G係通過該共同浮接接地單元30而彼此連接，故使該等振盪器10彼此干涉，達到該等振盪器10所產生的振盪訊號在穩態時，其振盪頻率與相位一致的效果。 According to the synchronization circuit of the present complex oscillation circuit, although the oscillators 10 are independently operated oscillators, the ground terminals G of the oscillators 10 are connected to each other through the common floating ground unit 30, so that the The oscillators 10 interfere with each other to achieve the effect that the oscillation signal generated by the oscillators 10 is in phase with the oscillation frequency and phase.
於本創作另一實施例中，該等振盪器10所輸出的振盪訊號的相位是可調整的，讓不同振盪器10所產生的振盪訊號之間具有一相位差。請參考圖6，各該振盪器10包含一相位調整電路11，該相位調整電路11用以調整各該振盪器10所產生之振盪訊號的相位，是以，本創作相位差之調整不需外接相移電路，振盪器10內部元件即可形成相位調整電路11以調整相位，故具有簡化電路、降低所佔空間與降低成本的優點。再者，該等振盪器10當中的任一振盪器10可電性連接一鎖相迴路(Phase-Locked Loop,PLL)12，讓連接該鎖相迴路12的振盪器10作為頻率主控振盪器(master oscillator)，以獲得穩定頻率輸出。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the oscillator signals output by the oscillators 10 The phase is adjustable to provide a phase difference between the oscillator signals generated by the different oscillators 10. Referring to FIG. 6 , each of the oscillators 10 includes a phase adjustment circuit 11 for adjusting the oscillation signals generated by the oscillators 10 . The phase is such that the adjustment of the phase difference of the present invention does not require an external phase shift circuit, and the internal components of the oscillator 10 can form the phase adjustment circuit 11 to adjust the phase, thereby having the advantages of simplifying the circuit, reducing the occupied space, and reducing the cost. Furthermore, any one of the oscillators 10 can be electrically connected to a phase-locked loop (PLL) 12, and the oscillator 10 connected to the phase-locked loop 12 can be used as a frequency master oscillator. (master oscillator) to obtain a stable frequency output.
舉例來說，請參考圖7之考畢茲振盪器的典型電路，其包含有一第一電容器C1與一第二電容器C2，該第一電容器C1與該第二電容器C2的一端通過該共同浮接接地單元30的電子元件32而電性連接該共接節點31，該第一電容器C1與該第二電容器C2分別為可變電容器且構成該相位調整電路11，故透過調整該第一電容器C1或該第二電容器C2的電容值即能調整振盪訊號的相位。請參考圖8之哈特利振盪器的典型電路，其包含有一電容器C，該電容器C為可變電容器且構成該相位調整電路11，透過調整該電容器C的電容值能調整振盪訊號的相位。請參考圖9之晶體振盪器的典型電路，其包含有一第一電容器C1與一第二電容器C2，該第一電容器C1與該第二電容器C2的電性連接振盪器的訊號輸出端Vout，該第一電容器C1與該第二電容器C2分別為可變電容器且構成該相位調整電路11，透過調整該第一電容器C1或該第二電容器C2的電容值能調整振盪訊號的相位。 For example, please refer to the typical circuit of the Cobbs oscillator of FIG. 7, which includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, and one end of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are commonly floated by the same. The electronic component 32 of the grounding unit 30 is electrically connected to the common node 31. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are respectively variable capacitors and constitute the phase adjusting circuit 11, so that the first capacitor C1 is adjusted or The capacitance value of the second capacitor C2 can adjust the oscillation signal The phase. Please refer to the typical circuit of the Hartley oscillator of FIG. 8, which includes a capacitor C, which is a variable capacitor and constitutes the phase adjustment circuit 11. The oscillation signal can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor C. The phase. Referring to FIG. 9 , a typical circuit of the crystal oscillator includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are electrically connected to the signal output terminal Vout of the oscillator. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are respectively variable capacitors and constitute the phase adjustment circuit 11, and the oscillation signal can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 or the second capacitor C2. The phase.
以下透過訊號波形圖說明振盪訊號之相位調整，以兩個振盪器所產生的振盪訊號為例說明，請參考圖10與圖11，其中一個振盪器產生的振盪訊號為第一振盪訊號1，另一個振盪器產生的振盪訊號為第二振盪訊號2，該第一振盪訊號1與該第二振盪訊號2的自由振盪頻率初始值相同，例如皆可為 2.5GHz，其中該第二振盪訊號2的相位落後該第一振盪訊號1的相位。透過調整任一振盪器的相位調整電路或同時調整兩振盪器的相位調整電路，在穩態時，請參考圖12，可使該第二振盪訊號2的相位與該第一振盪訊號1的相位相同。 The following describes the phase adjustment of the oscillation signal through the signal waveform diagram. The oscillation signal generated by the two oscillators is taken as an example. Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the oscillation signal generated by one oscillator is the first oscillation signal. 1. The oscillation signal generated by the other oscillator is the second oscillation signal. 2, the first oscillation signal 1 and the second oscillation signal The initial value of the free oscillation frequency of 2 is the same, for example, both can be 2.5 GHz, wherein the second oscillation signal The phase of 2 is behind the first oscillation signal The phase of 1. By adjusting the phase adjustment circuit of any oscillator or simultaneously adjusting the phase adjustment circuit of the two oscillators, in the steady state, please refer to FIG. 12, and the second oscillation signal can be made. Phase 2 and the first oscillation signal The phase of 1 is the same.
請參考圖13與圖14，仍以兩個振盪器所產生的振盪訊號為例說明，其中一個振盪器產生的振盪訊號為第三振盪訊號3，另一個振盪器產生的振盪訊號為第四振盪訊號4，該第三振盪訊號3與該第四振盪訊號4的自由振盪頻率初始值相異，例如該第三振盪訊號3的自由振盪頻率可為2.5GHz，該第四振盪訊號4的自由振盪頻率可為2.497GHz，該第三振盪訊號3的相位與該第四振盪訊號4的相位相同。藉由該兩振盪器彼此干涉之原因，達穩態時，請參考圖15，該兩振盪器的自由振盪頻率可同步為2.498GHz，再者，透過調整任一振盪器的相位調整電路或同時調整兩振盪器的相位調整電路，可讓該第三振盪訊號3的相位落後於該第四振盪訊號4的相位。 Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , the oscillation signals generated by the two oscillators are still taken as an example, and the oscillation signal generated by one of the oscillators is the third oscillation signal. 3. The oscillation signal generated by the other oscillator is the fourth oscillation signal. 4, the third oscillation signal 3 and the fourth oscillation signal The initial value of the free oscillation frequency of 4 is different, for example, the third oscillation signal The free oscillation frequency of 3 can be 2.5 GHz, the fourth oscillation signal The free oscillation frequency of 4 can be 2.497 GHz, the third oscillation signal Phase of 3 and the fourth oscillation signal The phase of 4 is the same. With the two oscillators interfering with each other, when the steady state is reached, please refer to FIG. 15. The free oscillation frequency of the two oscillators can be synchronized to 2.498 GHz. Furthermore, by adjusting the phase adjustment circuit of either oscillator or both Adjusting the phase adjustment circuit of the two oscillators to allow the third oscillation signal The phase of 3 lags behind the fourth oscillation signal The phase of 4.
又對於壓控振盪器(VCO)來說，典型的壓控振盪器包含有一壓控電晶體，透過改變該壓控電晶體的閘極電壓可調整壓控振盪器的自由振盪頻率。請參考圖16，以兩個壓控振盪器為例，第一壓控振盪器的自由振盪頻率恆定為2.5GHz(如實線所示)，透過改變第二壓控振盪器之壓控電晶體的閘極電壓，即可改變第二壓控振盪器所輸出之振盪訊號的自由振盪頻率(如虛線所示)，如圖16，該第二壓控振盪器之壓控電晶體的閘極電壓與第二壓控振盪器所輸出之振盪訊號的自由振盪頻率呈正比關係。另一方面，請參考圖17，同樣以第一壓控振盪器的自由振盪頻率恆定為2.5GHz的前提下，該第二壓控振盪器之壓控電晶體的閘極電壓與第二壓控振盪器的自由振盪頻率(如虛線所示)呈正比關係，該第一壓控振盪器之振盪訊號與該第二壓控振盪器之振盪訊號之間可具有一相位差(如實線所示)，隨著該第二壓控振盪器之壓控電晶體的閘極電壓越 高，該相位差是由正值往負值變化。是以，透過閘極電壓的調整，可讓壓控振盪器輸出期望自由振盪頻率或期望相位的振盪訊號。 Also for a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a typical voltage controlled oscillator includes a voltage controlled transistor, and the free oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator can be adjusted by changing the gate voltage of the voltage controlled transistor. Referring to FIG. 16, taking two voltage controlled oscillators as an example, the free oscillation frequency of the first voltage controlled oscillator is constant at 2.5 GHz (as indicated by a solid line), and the voltage controlled transistor of the second voltage controlled oscillator is changed. The gate voltage can change the free oscillation frequency of the oscillation signal output by the second voltage controlled oscillator (as indicated by a broken line), as shown in FIG. 16, the gate voltage of the voltage controlled transistor of the second voltage controlled oscillator The free oscillation frequency of the oscillation signal output by the second voltage controlled oscillator is proportional. On the other hand, please refer to FIG. 17, and also the gate voltage of the voltage controlled transistor of the second voltage controlled oscillator and the second voltage control under the premise that the free oscillation frequency of the first voltage controlled oscillator is constant at 2.5 GHz. The free oscillation frequency of the oscillator (shown by a broken line) is proportional, and the oscillation signal of the first voltage controlled oscillator and the oscillation signal of the second voltage controlled oscillator may have a phase difference (as indicated by a solid line) With the gate voltage of the voltage controlled transistor of the second voltage controlled oscillator High, the phase difference is changed from a positive value to a negative value. Therefore, through the adjustment of the gate voltage, the voltage controlled oscillator can output an oscillation signal of a desired free oscillation frequency or a desired phase.
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