TWI630029B - Photocatalytic filter, method for manufacturing the same, and method for reactivating the same - Google Patents
Photocatalytic filter, method for manufacturing the same, and method for reactivating the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明公開一種光催化過濾器及其製造方法和再生方法，其中公開的設備、系統及技術包括光催化過濾器設備，並且可以被用於提供一種用於製造具有改善黏性的光催化過濾器的方法。此外，本發明的公開內容包括用於提供一種用於再生光催化過濾器的方法的技術。利用所公開的技術，即使光催化過濾器受到污染，受污染的光催化過濾器可以容易地再生，同時保持改善的黏性。The invention discloses a photocatalytic filter, a manufacturing method thereof and a regeneration method, wherein the disclosed device, system and technology comprise a photocatalytic filter device, and can be used for providing a photocatalytic filter for improving viscosity Methods. Moreover, the disclosure of the present invention includes techniques for providing a method for regenerating a photocatalytic filter. With the disclosed technology, even if the photocatalytic filter is contaminated, the contaminated photocatalytic filter can be easily regenerated while maintaining improved viscosity.
Description
本發明涉及光催化過濾器設備以及用於製造和再生光催化過濾器的技術。 This invention relates to photocatalytic filter devices and techniques for making and regenerating photocatalytic filters.
在本說明書中，術語“光催化反應”是指使用諸如二氧化鈦(TiO2)或類似物的光催化材料的反應。已知的光催化反應包括水的光催化降解、銀和鉑的電沉積、有機材料的降解等。此外還有嘗試將這種光催化反應用於新的有機合成反應、超純水的生產等。 In the present specification, the term "photocatalytic reaction" means a reaction using a photocatalytic material such as titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) or the like. Known photocatalytic reactions include photocatalytic degradation of water, electrodeposition of silver and platinum, degradation of organic materials, and the like. In addition, attempts have been made to use such photocatalytic reactions for new organic synthesis reactions, production of ultrapure water, and the like.
存在於空氣中的有毒氣體或具有刺激性氣味的物質(諸如氨、醋酸以及乙醛)通過上述光催化反應被降解，並且在具有光源(例如紫外光源)和塗覆有光催化材料的過濾器的情況下，基於這種光催化反應的空氣淨化設備可以半永久性地使用。當光催化過濾器的光催化效率降低時，過濾器可以被再生以恢復其光催化效率，然後能夠重新進行使用。因此，光催化過濾器可被稱 作是半永久性的。 A toxic gas or a substance having a pungent odor (such as ammonia, acetic acid, and acetaldehyde) present in the air is degraded by the above photocatalytic reaction, and has a light source (for example, an ultraviolet light source) and a filter coated with a photocatalytic material. In the case of this, the air purification apparatus based on such a photocatalytic reaction can be used semi-permanently. When the photocatalytic efficiency of the photocatalytic filter is lowered, the filter can be regenerated to restore its photocatalytic efficiency and then can be reused. Therefore, the photocatalytic filter can be called The work is semi-permanent.
具體地，在將紫外LED燈用作紫外光源時，其相比於普通水銀燈或類似物的優勢在於它具有環境友好性，因為它不需要有毒的氣體，在能耗方面具有高的效率，且因為其尺寸小從而允許有各種各樣的設計。 In particular, when an ultraviolet LED lamp is used as an ultraviolet light source, it is advantageous in comparison with a conventional mercury lamp or the like in that it is environmentally friendly because it does not require a toxic gas, and has high efficiency in energy consumption, and Because of its small size, it allows for a wide variety of designs.
然而，不同於在空氣通過時以物理的方式收集大灰塵顆粒的普通過濾器(諸如預濾器或HEPA過濾器)，光催化過濾器被構造成使得在空氣通過過濾器的過程中被吸附於過濾器表面上的有毒氣體被通過光催化反應產生的基團(諸如OH-)降解。因此，在空氣通過光催化過濾器的過程中被降解的空氣中的有毒氣體不會徹底被降解，只是其中一部分被降解。換言之，在空氣多次通過光催化過濾器時，空氣中被降解的有毒氣體的數量逐漸增加。 However, unlike a conventional filter (such as a prefilter or a HEPA filter) that collects large dust particles in a physical manner when air passes, the photocatalytic filter is configured such that it is adsorbed to the filter during passage of the air through the filter. The toxic gas on the surface of the device is degraded by groups generated by photocatalytic reactions such as OH - . Therefore, the toxic gas in the air which is degraded during the passage of the air through the photocatalytic filter is not completely degraded, but only a part of it is degraded. In other words, the amount of toxic gas degraded in the air gradually increases as the air passes through the photocatalytic filter multiple times.
因此，光催化過濾器的光催化效率與其空氣清洗能力直接相關。換言之，使用光催化效率高的空氣過濾器的空間中的有毒氣體會比使用尺寸和結構相同、但光催化效率較低的空氣過濾器的空間中的有毒氣體更快地被降解。 Therefore, the photocatalytic efficiency of the photocatalytic filter is directly related to its air cleaning ability. In other words, the toxic gas in the space using the air filter having high photocatalytic efficiency is degraded faster than the toxic gas in the space of the air filter having the same size and structure but low photocatalytic efficiency.
然而，如果光催化過濾器中的光催化材料被污染，其光催化效率將降低，因此過濾器不能執行其功能。如果這樣的話，光催化過濾器通常會被更換。已開展一些有關光催化過濾器是否能被清洗的研究，但是研究結果大部分表明，光催化過濾器的清洗是並不理想的，因為這種清洗製程複雜，且光催化過濾器不易被清洗。 However, if the photocatalytic material in the photocatalytic filter is contaminated, its photocatalytic efficiency will be lowered, so the filter cannot perform its function. If so, the photocatalytic filter will usually be replaced. Studies have been conducted on whether photocatalytic filters can be cleaned, but most of the results show that the cleaning of photocatalytic filters is not ideal because of the complicated cleaning process and the difficulty in cleaning photocatalytic filters.
各種實施例旨在解決上述問題並且提供一種可輕易再生的光催化過濾器、製造該過濾器的方法及其再生方法。 Various embodiments are directed to solving the above problems and provide a photocatalytic filter that can be easily regenerated, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of regenerating the same.
在一個實施例中，一種用於製造光催化過濾器的方法包括：使光催化材料分散；用經分散的光催化材料塗覆支撐體；乾燥經塗覆的支撐體；以及燒結經乾燥的支撐體。 In one embodiment, a method for fabricating a photocatalytic filter includes: dispersing a photocatalytic material; coating a support with a dispersed photocatalytic material; drying the coated support; and sintering the dried support body.
光催化材料可以是TiO2。 The photocatalytic material may be TiO 2 .
支撐體可以包括多孔陶瓷材料。 The support may comprise a porous ceramic material.
燒結可以在400~500℃的溫度下進行1~3小時，優選2~3小時。 Sintering can be carried out at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C for 1 to 3 hours, preferably 2 to 3 hours.
在另一實施例中，光催化過濾器包括多孔陶瓷支撐體；以及塗覆在支撐體上的經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒。 In another embodiment, the photocatalytic filter comprises a porous ceramic support; and dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles coated on the support.
光催化過濾器可以包括多個鄰近的平行艙(cell)，其形成了面向用於光催化活化的UV發光二極體的方向上的空氣流動通路。 The photocatalytic filter can include a plurality of adjacent parallel cells that form an air flow path in a direction toward the UV luminescent diode for photocatalytic activation.
經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒可以在400~500℃的溫度下進行1~3小時的燒結。 The dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles can be sintered at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C for 1 to 3 hours.
在又一實施例中，用於再生包括塗覆在支撐體上的經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒的光催化過濾器的方法包括：用沸水處理受污染的光催化過濾器；或者對受污染的光催化過濾器進行微波處理；或者用沸水處理受污染的光催化過濾器，並對經處理的光催 化過濾器進行微波處理。 In still another embodiment, a method for regenerating a photocatalytic filter comprising dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles coated on a support comprises: treating the contaminated photocatalytic filter with boiling water; or contaminating The photocatalytic filter is subjected to microwave treatment; or the contaminated photocatalytic filter is treated with boiling water, and the treated photocatalytic filter is subjected to microwave treatment.
支撐體可以包括多孔陶瓷材料，並且可以在400~500℃的溫度下燒結1~3小時。 The support may include a porous ceramic material and may be sintered at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C for 1 to 3 hours.
55‧‧‧UV發光二極體基板 55‧‧‧UV LED substrate
57‧‧‧UV發光二極體 57‧‧‧UV LEDs
80‧‧‧光催化過濾器 80‧‧‧Photocatalytic filter
81‧‧‧催化劑部分 81‧‧‧ Catalyst part
82‧‧‧彈性緩衝器 82‧‧‧Elastic buffer
83‧‧‧艙 83‧‧‧ cabin
h‧‧‧高度 H‧‧‧height
g‧‧‧寬度 g‧‧‧Width
t‧‧‧厚度 T‧‧‧thickness
圖1是顯示了光催化過濾器和UV發光二極體基板的排列的透視圖。 1 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of a photocatalytic filter and a UV light emitting diode substrate.
圖2是光催化過濾器的頂視圖。 2 is a top view of a photocatalytic filter.
圖3是顯示了伴隨光催化過濾器的高度的變化的乙醛清除速度的變化的圖。 Fig. 3 is a graph showing a change in the acetaldehyde removal rate accompanying a change in the height of the photocatalytic filter.
圖4是顯示了伴隨光催化過濾器的高度的變化的乙酸清除速度的變化的圖。 4 is a graph showing a change in the rate of acetic acid removal accompanying a change in the height of the photocatalytic filter.
圖5是顯示了通過浸沒在沸水中而被再生的普通光催化過濾器和本發明的光催化過濾器的狀態的照片。 Fig. 5 is a photograph showing a state of a general photocatalytic filter which is regenerated by immersion in boiling water and a photocatalytic filter of the present invention.
圖6和圖7是顯示了在添加有各種過濾器的情況下經煮沸的水的透射率的圖。 Figures 6 and 7 are graphs showing the transmittance of boiled water with the addition of various filters.
圖8是顯示了使用沸水再生的過濾器的空氣淨化結果的圖。 Fig. 8 is a graph showing the results of air purification of a filter regenerated using boiling water.
圖9是顯示了在過濾器受污染前後光催化過濾器的空氣淨化結果的圖。 Figure 9 is a graph showing the results of air purification of the photocatalytic filter before and after the filter is contaminated.
圖10是顯示了在過濾器受污染前後以及用沸水處理使過濾器再生之後，光催化過濾器的空氣淨化結果的圖。 Fig. 10 is a graph showing the results of air purification of the photocatalytic filter before and after the filter is contaminated and after the filter is regenerated by boiling water treatment.
圖11是顯示了在過濾器受污染前後以及用沸水對過濾器進行 處理並對經沸水處理過的過濾器進行微波處理使過濾器再生之後，光催化過濾器的空氣淨化結果的圖。 Figure 11 shows the filter before and after contamination of the filter and with boiling water. A diagram of the air purification result of the photocatalytic filter after the treatment of the boiling water-treated filter by microwave treatment to regenerate the filter.
本發明中公開的設備、系統及技術包括光催化過濾器設備，並且可以被用於提供一種用於製造具有改善黏性的光催化過濾器的方法。 The apparatus, systems, and techniques disclosed in the present invention include photocatalytic filter devices and can be used to provide a method for fabricating a photocatalytic filter having improved viscosity.
此外，本發明的公開內容包括用於提供一種用於再生光催化過濾器的方法的技術。利用所公開的技術，即使光催化過濾器受到污染，受污染的光催化過濾器可以容易地再生，同時保持改善的黏性。 Moreover, the disclosure of the present invention includes techniques for providing a method for regenerating a photocatalytic filter. With the disclosed technology, even if the photocatalytic filter is contaminated, the contaminated photocatalytic filter can be easily regenerated while maintaining improved viscosity.
本發明中的設備、系統及技術通過下列描述及申請專利範圍中的示例來公開。 The devices, systems, and techniques of the present invention are disclosed by the following description and examples in the claims.
在下文中，所公開的技術的實施方式將參考包括附圖中示出的示例在內的實施例進行詳細描述。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosed technology will be described in detail with reference to embodiments including the examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
下列實施方式以舉例的方式來提供以向本領域技術人員傳遞所要公開的技術。因此，本發明不限於此處公開的實施方式，可以以不同的形式實施。在附圖中，出於便利及說明的目的，元件的寬度、長度、厚度等會被誇大。 The following embodiments are provided by way of example to convey the teachings disclosed herein to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein, and may be embodied in various forms. In the drawings, the width, length, thickness, and the like of the elements may be exaggerated for the purpose of convenience and description.
光催化過濾器-設備Photocatalytic filter - equipment
在下文中，提供一種光催化過濾器的示例。該光催化過濾器包括支撐體，以及塗覆在支撐體上的經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒。 In the following, an example of a photocatalytic filter is provided. The photocatalytic filter includes a support, and dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles coated on the support.
支撐體可以選自金屬、活性碳和陶瓷。在一個實施方式中，多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體可以被用作支撐體。在這種情況下，多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體有助於TiO2奈米顆粒在塗覆製程過程中滲入陶瓷孔洞。另外，TiO2奈米顆粒通過稍後將詳細討論的乾燥製程被錨固，因而加強TiO2奈米顆粒對支撐體的黏附。 The support may be selected from the group consisting of metals, activated carbon, and ceramics. In one embodiment, a porous ceramic honeycomb support can be used as the support. In this case, the porous ceramic honeycomb support contributes to the penetration of the TiO 2 nanoparticles into the ceramic pores during the coating process. In addition, the TiO 2 nanoparticles are anchored by a drying process which will be discussed in detail later, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the TiO 2 nanoparticles to the support.
如果金屬材料被用作支撐體，則TiO2奈米顆粒不會像多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體那樣容易地黏附在光催化支撐體上。另外，儘管活性碳具有孔洞，但是活性碳會容易在燒結製程過程中發生損壞。 If metallic material is used as the support, the nano-TiO 2 particles are not so readily adhere to the photocatalyst porous ceramic honeycomb support as the support. In addition, although activated carbon has pores, activated carbon is liable to be damaged during the sintering process.
正如稍後將詳細討論的那樣，支撐體可以被塗覆經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒，從而提供具有改善黏性的光催化過濾器。 As will be discussed in detail later, the support can be coated with dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles to provide a photocatalytic filter with improved adhesion.
圖1是顯示了光催化過濾器80和UV發光二極體基板55的排列的透視圖，且圖2是光催化過濾器80的頂視圖。 1 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a photocatalytic filter 80 and a UV light emitting diode substrate 55, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the photocatalytic filter 80.
參考圖1，用於殺菌的UV發光二極體56被設置在UV發光二極體基板55的中心部分上，且用於光催化活化的三個UV發光二極體57圍繞UV發光二極體56設置。特別地，用於光催化活化的UV發光二極體57將向著光催化過濾器80輻照UV光。 Referring to FIG. 1, a UV light-emitting diode 56 for sterilization is disposed on a central portion of the UV light-emitting diode substrate 55, and three UV light-emitting diodes 57 for photocatalytic activation surround the UV light-emitting diode. 56 settings. In particular, the UV light-emitting diode 57 for photocatalytic activation will irradiate UV light towards the photocatalytic filter 80.
如圖2所示，光催化過濾器80包括催化劑部分81，其通過燒結塗覆在具有方格子圖案的陶瓷多孔材料上的TiO2(二氧化鈦)得到，和覆蓋催化劑部分的側面的彈性緩衝器82。 As shown in FIG. 2, the photocatalytic filter 80 includes a catalyst portion 81 obtained by sintering TiO 2 (titanium dioxide) coated on a ceramic porous material having a square lattice pattern, and an elastic buffer 82 covering the side of the catalyst portion. .
圖3是顯示了兩個具有不同高度(h)的光催化過濾器的乙醛清除速度的圖。乙醛清除的實驗條件為：①1m3腔(A)；②目 標氣體：乙醛(CH3CHO)，10ppm；③RS-PR1(流速：高@3.5CFM，Abg，幅射度：15mW/cm2)④TiO2：陶瓷(100cpsi)，5T(1.6g裝載)vs.8.5T(2.6g裝載)。圖4是顯示了兩個具有不同高度(h)的光催化過濾器的乙酸清除速度的圖。乙酸清除的實驗條件為：1m3腔(PR1/流速：高_3.5CFM/5.83mW/cm2)；TiO2+365nm；TC(100)C106-400C_5T，TC(100)C86-400C_10T，[CH3COOH]0=10ppm。 Figure 3 is a graph showing the acetaldehyde removal rate of two photocatalytic filters having different heights (h). The experimental conditions for acetaldehyde removal were: 11 m 3 chamber (A); 2 target gas: acetaldehyde (CH 3 CHO), 10 ppm; 3RS-PR1 (flow rate: high @3.5 CFM, Abg, amplitude: 15 mW/cm 2 4TiO 2 : ceramic (100 cpsi), 5T (1.6 g loading) vs. 8.5 T (2.6 g loading). Figure 4 is a graph showing the acetic acid removal rate of two photocatalytic filters having different heights (h). The experimental conditions for acetic acid scavenging were: 1 m 3 chamber (PR1/flow rate: high _3.5 CFM/5.83 mW/cm 2 ); TiO 2 + 365 nm; TC (100) C106-400C_5T, TC (100) C86-400C_10T, [CH 3 COOH] 0 = 10 ppm.
實驗的結果表明，在光催化過濾器具有圖15所示的形狀的情況下，光催化劑的表面面積(其由於光催化過濾器的艙之間的框架的厚度(t)而增加)基本上不會影響光催化過濾器的除臭效率，但是光催化過濾器的高度(深度)影響內部空氣流動通路的內壁面積，因此直接影響空氣的接觸面積。 The results of the experiment show that, in the case where the photocatalytic filter has the shape shown in Fig. 15, the surface area of the photocatalyst (which increases due to the thickness (t) of the frame between the chambers of the photocatalytic filter) is substantially not It will affect the deodorizing efficiency of the photocatalytic filter, but the height (depth) of the photocatalytic filter affects the inner wall area of the internal air flow path, thus directly affecting the contact area of the air.
因此，可以看到，當光催化過濾器的高度為5~10mm時，光催化過濾器的除臭效率為最高。另外，當高度減少到2mm以下時，光催化過濾器難以使用，因為其微弱的強度，而且當高度為15mm以上時，僅空氣阻力增加，UV光不能到達光催化過濾器的背後部分或它的密度變得很稀薄，且因此僅增加了成本而不能增加除臭效率。 Therefore, it can be seen that when the height of the photocatalytic filter is 5 to 10 mm, the deodorizing efficiency of the photocatalytic filter is the highest. In addition, when the height is reduced to less than 2 mm, the photocatalytic filter is difficult to use because of its weak strength, and when the height is 15 mm or more, only the air resistance is increased, and the UV light cannot reach the back portion of the photocatalytic filter or its The density becomes very thin, and thus only increases the cost and does not increase the deodorizing efficiency.
而且，可以看到，當每個艙83的寬度(g)為2mm時，空氣阻力不會增加，且由過濾器本身的形狀堵住了輻照到它的UV光造成的光催化過濾器的內壁的陰影面積比率不高，這表示2mm的艙寬度是最適合於最大化光催化過濾器的內壁的UV光輻照面 積比率的。同時，當艙寬度減少到1mm以下時，空氣阻力增加，到達內壁的UV光量減少，這表明除臭效率低。另外，艙寬度為4mm以上時，由於艙的密度低導致內壁的整體面積減少，這表明除臭效率低。 Moreover, it can be seen that when the width (g) of each tank 83 is 2 mm, the air resistance does not increase, and the shape of the filter itself blocks the photocatalytic filter caused by the UV light irradiated thereto. The ratio of the shadow area of the inner wall is not high, which means that the cabin width of 2 mm is the most suitable UV light irradiation surface for maximizing the inner wall of the photocatalytic filter. The ratio of the product. Meanwhile, when the cabin width is reduced to less than 1 mm, the air resistance is increased, and the amount of UV light reaching the inner wall is decreased, which indicates that the deodorizing efficiency is low. In addition, when the cabin width is 4 mm or more, the overall area of the inner wall is reduced due to the low density of the tank, which indicates that the deodorizing efficiency is low.
關於與上述的每個艙的寬度(g)相關的艙密度，當艙的密度低於30艙/英吋2或更少時，即艙寬度增加到4mm以上，內壁面積減少，這表明除臭效率低。當艙的密度是260艙/英吋2以上時，即艙寬度減少到1mm以下，空氣阻力增加，且達到內壁的UV光量減少，這表明除臭效率低。當艙密度為大約100艙/英吋2時，空氣阻力沒有增加，且由過濾器本身的形狀堵住了輻照到它的UV光造成的過濾器的內壁的陰影面積比率不高，這表明除臭效率最高。 Regarding the tank density associated with the width (g) of each tank mentioned above, when the tank density is less than 30 cabins/inch 2 or less, the cabin width is increased to 4 mm or more, and the inner wall area is decreased, which indicates Stinky efficiency is low. When the density of the tank is 260 cabins/inch 2 or more, the cabin width is reduced to less than 1 mm, the air resistance is increased, and the amount of UV light reaching the inner wall is reduced, which indicates that the deodorizing efficiency is low. When the tank density is about 100 cabins/inch 2 , the air resistance does not increase, and the shape of the filter itself blocks the shadow area of the inner wall of the filter caused by the UV light irradiated thereto, which is not high. It shows that the deodorization efficiency is the highest.
關於艙的框架厚度(t)的實驗結果表明，當框架厚度為0.3mm以下時，TiO2層變得太薄，且因此光催化效率減少，強度不夠。當框架厚度為1.2mm以上時，材料消耗增加但是沒有增加光催化效率。另外，當框架厚度為0.6mm時光催化效率最高。 Experimental results on the frame thickness (t) of the chamber indicate that when the frame thickness is 0.3 mm or less, the TiO 2 layer becomes too thin, and thus the photocatalytic efficiency is reduced and the strength is insufficient. When the frame thickness is 1.2 mm or more, the material consumption is increased but the photocatalytic efficiency is not increased. In addition, the photocatalytic efficiency is the highest when the frame thickness is 0.6 mm.
光催化過濾器-製造製程Photocatalytic filter - manufacturing process
下面將討論光催化過濾器的製造方法的示例。 An example of a method of manufacturing a photocatalytic filter will be discussed below.
可以通過使二氧化鈦(TiO2)奈米顆粒分散、用經分散的TiO2奈米顆粒塗覆支撐體、乾燥經塗覆的支撐體、以及燒結經乾燥的支撐體來提供光催化過濾器。 The photocatalytic filter can be provided by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles, coating the support with dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles, drying the coated support, and sintering the dried support.
作為一個示例，利用可從矣富妮可跌菇煞(Evonik Degussa)購買的P25 TiO2奈米粉末來執行分散製程。例如，P25 TiO2奈米粉末可以被添加到水中，其中所述水中可以溶解有濃度為0.1~10%的矽分散劑。在利用磨機使P25 TiO2奈米粉末分散之後，可以獲得濃度為20~40%的固體TiO2奈米溶液。可以使用包括一種或多種組分的分散劑。 As an example, a dispersion process is performed using P25 TiO 2 nanopowder which can be purchased from Evonik Degussa. For example, a P25 TiO 2 nanopowder powder may be added to water, wherein the water may be dissolved in a concentration of 0.1 to 10% of a bismuth dispersant. After the P25 TiO 2 nanopowder powder is dispersed by a mill, a solid TiO 2 nanometer solution having a concentration of 20 to 40% can be obtained. Dispersing agents including one or more components can be used.
在塗覆製程過程中，如果選用多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體，則用製備的TiO2分散體液體浸塗該多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體。在浸塗時，可以進行1~5分鐘的懸浮以便TiO2分散體液體被多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體的孔洞充分吸收。 During the coating process, if a porous ceramic honeycomb support is used, the porous ceramic honeycomb support is dip coated with the prepared TiO 2 dispersion liquid. At the time of dip coating, suspension may be carried out for 1 to 5 minutes so that the TiO 2 dispersion liquid is sufficiently absorbed by the pores of the porous ceramic honeycomb support.
乾燥製程可以在將經塗覆的支撐體維持於預定溫度的條件下執行預定時間。在一個實施方式中，如果選用多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體，則經塗覆的多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體可以在150~200℃的溫度下在乾燥單元中保持3~5分鐘。 The drying process can be performed for a predetermined time while maintaining the coated support at a predetermined temperature. In one embodiment, if a porous ceramic honeycomb support is selected, the coated porous ceramic honeycomb support can be maintained in the drying unit for 3 to 5 minutes at a temperature of 150 to 200 °C.
燒結製程可以通過將經乾燥的支撐體在預定溫度保持預定時間來執行。在一個實施方式中，如果選用多孔陶瓷蜂窩狀支撐體，則燒結製程可以在400~500℃之間執行2~3小時。根據實驗，如果燒結溫度低於300℃，則塗覆的TiO2光催化劑容易與支撐體分離。如果燒結溫度高於500℃，則塗覆的TiO2光催化劑的晶體結構改變，從而導致光催化劑的活性退化。因此，為了提供具有改善的黏性和光催化活性的光催化過濾器，燒結製程可以在400~500℃之間進行。 The sintering process can be performed by maintaining the dried support at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. In one embodiment, if a porous ceramic honeycomb support is used, the sintering process can be performed between 400 and 500 ° C for 2 to 3 hours. According to experiments, if the sintering temperature is lower than 300 ° C, the coated TiO 2 photocatalyst is easily separated from the support. If the sintering temperature is higher than 500 ° C, the crystal structure of the coated TiO 2 photocatalyst changes, resulting in degradation of the activity of the photocatalyst. Therefore, in order to provide a photocatalytic filter having improved viscosity and photocatalytic activity, the sintering process can be carried out at 400 to 500 °C.
可再生的光催化過濾器Renewable photocatalytic filter
圖5示出了一項實驗的結果，該實驗用於檢驗TiO2光催化過濾器中光催化材料與支撐體的黏附力。在該實驗中，分別將經燒結和未經燒結的光催化過濾器浸漬在蒸餾水中，然後進行音波處理。 Figure 5 shows the results of an experiment for examining the adhesion of a photocatalytic material to a support in a TiO 2 photocatalytic filter. In this experiment, the sintered and non-sintered photocatalytic filters were separately immersed in distilled water and then subjected to sonication.
如圖5中所示，不同於經燒結的光催化過濾器的情形，黏附於未經燒結的光催化過濾器上的TiO2在音波處理下被洗脫到水中。 As shown, different from the case through the photocatalytic filter sintered, unsintered adhered to the photocatalytic filter 5 in the TiO 2 under sonication is eluted into water.
圖6示出了在下列情形中在不同波長下測得的蒸餾水的透射率：只對蒸餾水進行音波處理；在蒸餾水中添加未塗覆TiO2光催化材料的多孔陶瓷材料，然後對蒸餾水進行音波處理；在蒸餾水中添加塗覆有TiO2光催化材料且經燒結的多孔陶瓷材料，然後對蒸餾水進行音波處理；以及在蒸餾水中添加塗覆有TiO2光催化材料但未經燒結的多孔陶瓷材料，然後對蒸餾水進行音波處理。利用UV-Vis光譜技術(探測器：阿哪離惕可解哪(Analytik Jena))測量透射率。 Figure 6 shows the transmittance of distilled water measured at different wavelengths in the following cases: sonication of distilled water only; addition of porous ceramic material not coated with TiO 2 photocatalytic material in distilled water, followed by sonication of distilled water Processing; adding a porous ceramic material coated with a TiO 2 photocatalytic material to the distilled water in a distilled water, and then performing sonication on the distilled water; and adding a porous ceramic material coated with the TiO 2 photocatalytic material but not sintered in the distilled water Then, the distilled water is subjected to sonication. Transmittance was measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy (detector: Analytik Jena).
如圖6中所示，包含塗覆有TiO2光催化材料且經燒結的多孔陶瓷材料的水的透射率與蒸餾水的透射率大致相似，這說明光催化材料對該多孔陶瓷材料具有良好的黏附性，因此幾乎不會被洗脫。 As shown in FIG. 6, the transmittance of water containing the sintered porous ceramic material coated with the TiO 2 photocatalytic material is substantially similar to the transmittance of distilled water, indicating that the photocatalytic material has good adhesion to the porous ceramic material. Sex, so it will hardly be eluted.
這種結果表明，根據本發明的方法製造的光催化過濾器即使在受到音波處理的時候光催化材料也保持黏附於其表面上。 This result indicates that the photocatalytic filter produced by the method according to the present invention remains adhered to the surface even when subjected to sonication.
圖7示出了在下列各個情形中，作為音波處理時間的函 數測得的水的透射率：只對蒸餾水進行音波處理；在蒸餾水中添加未塗覆TiO2光催化材料的多孔陶瓷材料，然後對蒸餾水進行音波處理；以及在蒸餾水中添加塗覆有TiO2光催化材料且經燒結的多孔陶瓷材料，然後對蒸餾水進行音波處理。 Figure 7 shows the transmittance of water measured as a function of sonic processing time in each of the following cases: sonicating only distilled water; adding porous ceramic material not coated with TiO 2 photocatalytic material to distilled water, then The distilled water is subjected to sonication; and the porous ceramic material coated with the TiO 2 photocatalytic material and sintered is added to the distilled water, and then the distilled water is subjected to sonication.
如圖7中所示，在塗覆有TiO2光催化材料且經燒結的多孔陶瓷材料被添加到蒸餾水中且經音波處理的情形中，蒸餾水的透射率表現出隨著音波處理時間增大而減小的趨勢，但是透射率上的這種減小不能在視覺上與單純的蒸餾水區分開。 As shown in FIG. 7, in the case where the TiO 2 photocatalytic material is coated and the sintered porous ceramic material is added to distilled water and subjected to sonication, the transmittance of distilled water appears to increase with the sonication time. The tendency to decrease, but this reduction in transmission cannot be visually distinguished from pure distilled water.
圖8示出圖7的樣品中透射率存在最大差異的兩種樣品的乙醛去除活性的測量結果(參見圖7中的箭頭)，所述測量是在將這兩種樣品自然乾燥以用作光催化過濾器之後進行的。如圖8中所示，如圖7中所示表現出不同透射率的這兩個樣品之間在光催化活性上存在微小差異或不存在差異。 8 shows measurement results of acetaldehyde removal activity of two samples in which the transmittance differs the most in the sample of FIG. 7 (see an arrow in FIG. 7), which is used to naturally dry both samples for use as The photocatalytic filter is then carried out. As shown in FIG. 8, there was a slight difference or no difference in photocatalytic activity between the two samples exhibiting different transmittances as shown in FIG.
圖9至圖11中示出了塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的光催化劑的再生特性。圖9中(標為過濾器1和過濾器2)的兩個照片顯示了兩組實驗，其中利用紫外LED光源對受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器和新鮮未受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器照射3小時以便去除乙醛。在過濾器1和過濾器2的附圖中，受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器受到包括甲醛、醋酸、NH3、甲苯、CH3-S-SCH3和商業化的空氣清新劑(芳香劑)在內的化學物質的污染。 The regeneration characteristics of the photocatalyst coated with TiO 2 nanoparticles are shown in Figs. 9 to 11 . Two photographs in Figure 9 (labeled Filter 1 and Filter 2) show two sets of experiments in which contaminated TiO 2 nanoparticle-coated filters and fresh, uncontaminated coatings are applied using an ultraviolet LED source. The filter coated with TiO 2 nanoparticles was irradiated for 3 hours to remove acetaldehyde. In the drawings of Filter 1 and Filter 2, contaminated TiO 2 nanoparticle-containing filters are subjected to formaldehyde, acetic acid, NH 3 , toluene, CH 3 -S-SCH 3 and commercial air freshening. Contamination of chemicals inside the agent (fragrance).
如圖9中所示，未受污染的過濾器正常降解乙醛(參見 圖9中標為新鮮TiO2的曲線)。然而，當利用在上述乙醛去除實驗中使用過後受污染的光催化過濾器進行實驗時，可以看到乙醛的數量沒有減小(參見圖9中標為受污染的TiO2的曲線)，這表明該過濾器的光催化活性很差。 As shown in FIG. 9, uncontaminated filter acetaldehyde normal degradation (see FIG. 9 labeled as curve of a fresh TiO 2). However, when experiments were carried out using a photocatalytic filter that was contaminated after use in the above-described acetaldehyde removal experiment, it can be seen that the amount of acetaldehyde was not reduced (see the curve labeled as contaminated TiO 2 in Fig. 9). This indicates that the filter has poor photocatalytic activity.
圖10示出經沸水處理之後受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器的再生，圖11示出經沸水和微波暴露兩重處理之後受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器的再生。受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器的再生特性與新鮮未受污染的塗覆TiO2奈米顆粒的過濾器進行比較。 Figure 10 shows the regeneration of the contaminated coated TiO 2 nanoparticle-coated filter after boiling water treatment, and Figure 11 shows the contaminated coated TiO 2 nanoparticle-coated filter after two treatments with boiling water and microwave exposure. Regeneration. Reproduction characteristics contaminated filter coated TiO 2 nano-particles were compared with uncontaminated fresh TiO 2 nano-coated filter particles.
如圖10中所示，當用沸水處理受污染的過濾器時，過濾器的功能明顯得到恢復。如圖11中所示，當先用沸水、然後用微波對受污染的過濾器進行處理時，過濾器被再生成表現出與其原始狀態大致相似的性能。 As shown in Figure 10, the function of the filter was significantly restored when the contaminated filter was treated with boiling water. As shown in Figure 11, when the contaminated filter is first treated with boiling water and then with microwaves, the filter is regenerated to exhibit properties substantially similar to its original state.
如上所述，本發明提供一種包括牢固黏附於支撐體上的光催化材料的光催化過濾器。因此，光催化材料在再生過程中不會與光催化過濾器脫離，因此能夠重複進行再生，這表明這種光催化過濾器可以半永久性地使用。相反地，普通光催化過濾器無法經由煮沸而被再生，因為在用沸水處理時，光催化材料並未以不從支撐體上被洗脫到水中的方式很牢固地黏附於支撐體上。 As described above, the present invention provides a photocatalytic filter comprising a photocatalytic material firmly adhered to a support. Therefore, the photocatalytic material is not detached from the photocatalytic filter during the regeneration process, so that the regeneration can be repeated, which indicates that the photocatalytic filter can be used semi-permanently. Conversely, a conventional photocatalytic filter cannot be regenerated by boiling because the photocatalytic material is not strongly adhered to the support in such a manner that it is not eluted from the support to the water when treated with boiling water.
此外，根據本發明，該光催化過濾器可以無需使用麻煩的清洗製程而以簡單的方式得到再生。 Further, according to the present invention, the photocatalytic filter can be regenerated in a simple manner without using a troublesome cleaning process.
儘管只是描述了一些實施例、實施方式和示例，但是基 於本發明中描述和示出的內容可以實現其它實施例和實施方式、以及各種增強和變形。 Although only some embodiments, implementations, and examples have been described, Other embodiments and implementations, as well as various enhancements and modifications, may be implemented in the present invention.
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| TW200944725A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-11-01 | Advanced Optoelectronic Tech | Photocatalyst purifying apparatus |
| CN102728412A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-10-17 | 江苏恒智纳米科技有限公司 | Porous ceramic plate photocatalyst carrier |
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| TW200944725A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-11-01 | Advanced Optoelectronic Tech | Photocatalyst purifying apparatus |
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