TWI626371B - Offshore wind turbine installation system and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Offshore wind turbine installation system and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI626371B TWI626371B TW105130992A TW105130992A TWI626371B TW I626371 B TWI626371 B TW I626371B TW 105130992 A TW105130992 A TW 105130992A TW 105130992 A TW105130992 A TW 105130992A TW I626371 B TWI626371 B TW I626371B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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Abstract
一種海上風力發電機安裝系統及其安裝方法，風力發電機是在岸上組裝，是以岸上的吊臂水平旋擺且吊索被捲動而吊起零件，以組立完成風力發電機。風力發電機於出海前的裝載，是以吊臂整機移至預備位置，再由海上之平台的二塔座以吊具吊起，並由二塔座隨滑台直線滑移而將風力發電機移至平台上的置放區定位；平台在海上航行至裝機之定點時，由二塔座再以吊具吊起位在置放區的風力發電機，並由二塔座隨滑台直線滑移而將吊起之風力發電機移出置放區，並安裝在定點，以完成風力發電機在海上之安裝，藉此構成本發明。An offshore wind turbine installation system and a mounting method thereof, the wind power generator is assembled on the shore, the crane is horizontally swayed on the shore and the sling is rolled up to lift the parts to complete the wind power generator. The loading of the wind turbine before going out to sea is moved to the preparatory position by the boom, and then lifted by the spreader with the two towers of the platform on the sea, and the wind is generated by the two towers sliding straight with the slide. The motor is moved to the positioning area on the platform; when the platform is sailing from the sea to the fixed point of the installation, the two towers are used to lift the wind turbine in the placement area by the spreader, and the two towers are straight with the slide table. The invention is constructed by slipping the hoisted wind turbine out of the placement area and installing it at a fixed point to complete the installation of the wind turbine at sea.
Description
本發明係有關風力發電，尤指一種海上風力發電機安裝系統及其安裝方法。 The invention relates to wind power generation, in particular to an offshore wind turbine installation system and a mounting method thereof.
如第16圖所示，為習用之風力發電機，主要包括機體91、葉片92和立柱93，常見設置在海邊的岸上，藉由海風吹動葉片92旋轉，而使機體91發電儲能。另一種是將風力發電機離岸設置而安裝在海面上，可獲得海風較強的發電優勢，且不會佔據陸地上可用的空間。 As shown in Fig. 16, the conventional wind power generator mainly includes a body 91, a blade 92 and a column 93, which are commonly disposed on the shore of the sea, and the sea body 15 is rotated by the sea breeze to cause the body 91 to generate electricity and energy. The other is to install the wind turbine offshore and install it on the sea surface, which can gain the advantage of strong sea breeze power generation and will not occupy the space available on land.
前述風力發電機，若為離岸設置者，因體積龐大，且在運載設備有限的情況下，有難以整機載送至海面上安裝的困境，如第17圖所示，通常是將數具風力發電機的機體91、葉片92和立柱93先行拆解，並固定在安裝船94上，再由安裝船94載送到海上之定點後，透過人員操作安裝船94，而將風力發電機吊掛至定點進行逐步的安裝。惟在海面上安裝風力發電機，相較於在岸上進行者，相當不便且有著很高的危險性。 The above-mentioned wind power generator, if it is an offshore installer, has a large volume and, in the case of limited carrying equipment, it is difficult to carry the whole machine to the sea surface. As shown in Fig. 17, it is usually a number of The body 91, the blade 92 and the column 93 of the wind power generator are first disassembled and fixed on the installation ship 94, and then carried by the installation ship 94 to the fixed point on the sea, and the ship is installed by the personnel 94, and the wind power generator is suspended. Hang to a fixed point for a step-by-step installation. However, installing a wind turbine on the sea surface is quite inconvenient and dangerous because it is carried on the shore.
若要整機運送風力發電機至海面上之定點安裝，則是先將風力發電機在岸上組裝完成後，再以專門在海上進行吊掛作業的浮吊船吊起組裝完成之風力發電機並載送至前述定點。然而，上述浮吊船通常是在船身裝設單一的吊臂，因在船身的結合處只有單一支點，且須吊掛之風力發電機的體積大且重，且吊掛時必須和船身維持適當的距離而有一定的長 度，故所設吊臂在結構強度上必須相當的要求，導致造價相當昂貴，故以負責安裝風力發電機的單位來說，通常不會因有風力發電機離岸安裝之需求而特地購買浮吊船，即便是承租也需花耗很高的租金，故雖浮吊船整機載送有較高的安裝效率，惟因安裝成本的考量，仍非首選。 In order to transport the wind turbine to the fixed-point installation on the sea, the wind turbine is assembled on the shore, and then the assembled wind turbine is lifted by a floating crane that is specially suspended at sea. Carryed to the aforementioned fixed point. However, the above-mentioned floating crane usually has a single boom on the hull, because there is only a single point at the joint of the hull, and the wind turbine to be hoisted is bulky and heavy, and must be attached to the ship when hanging. Have a certain length while maintaining proper distance Degree, so the boom must have considerable requirements in terms of structural strength, resulting in a relatively expensive cost. Therefore, in the unit responsible for installing the wind turbine, it is usually not purchased for the purpose of offshore installation of the wind turbine. Gondolas, even if they are rented, require high rents. Therefore, although the floating cranes have higher installation efficiency, they are still not preferred because of the installation cost.
因此，如何解決上述習用風力發電機離岸安裝之問題者，即為本發明之重點所在。 Therefore, how to solve the above problem of the offshore installation of the conventional wind power generator is the focus of the present invention.
本發明之主要目的，在於解決上述的問題而提供一種海上風力發電機安裝系統及其安裝方法，主要在於可降低風力發電機離岸安裝所需之費用，且能提供安裝的效率和便利性。 The main object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an offshore wind turbine installation system and a mounting method thereof, which mainly reduce the cost required for offshore installation of a wind power generator, and can provide installation efficiency and convenience.
前述風力發電機係一裝有複數葉片之機體設在一立柱的頂端，該機體可在該複數葉片被風力驅動而旋轉時發電。為達前述目的，所述安裝系統包括：一岸上起重單元，有一設在岸邊的第一塔座，在該第一塔座頂端設一可被驅動而水平旋擺之吊臂，並有一第一捲揚機固定於該第一塔座的所在位置，該吊臂在同一端有二第一定滑輪位在同一水平高度且分開一距離，一對第一吊索以一端可被捲動地連結在該第一捲揚機，且分別繞經該二第一定滑輪後朝地面垂下，各該第一吊索在前述垂下的一端有一第一吊具；一海上起重單元，有一可在海上航行的平台，該平台上有可往海底伸設至固定於海床的支柱，且在對稱的兩邊有一對滑台可在該平台上平行地直線滑移，並在該對滑台之間有一置放區，各該滑台上有一頂端可伸出該平台之外的第二塔座，各該第二塔座的所在位置有一第二捲揚 機，該二第二塔座在同一側可伸出該平台外的頂端分別有一第二定滑輪，該二第二定滑輪在該置放區的兩旁位在同一水平高度，各該第二塔座有一第二吊索以一端可被捲動地連結於所在之第二塔座的第二捲揚機，且繞經所在之第二塔座的第二定滑輪後可朝該平台垂下，各該第二吊索在前述垂下的一端有一第二吊具；一吊掛件，可被固定在前述風力發電機之立柱，供該二第一吊具結合而可將前述風力發電機吊起，並隨該吊臂之水平旋擺而在岸上位移；或供該二第二吊具結合而同樣可將前述風力發電機吊起，並隨該二第二塔座在海上直線滑移。 The wind turbine is provided with a plurality of blades mounted on the top end of a column, and the body can generate electricity when the plurality of blades are driven by the wind to rotate. To achieve the foregoing objective, the mounting system includes: an onshore lifting unit having a first tower disposed on the shore, and a boom that can be driven and horizontally swung at the top of the first tower, and has a The first hoist is fixed at the position of the first tower, the jib has two first fixed pulleys at the same end and is separated by a distance, and the pair of first slings can be connected by one end by being rolled In the first hoisting machine, and respectively hang down the ground after passing through the two first fixed pulleys, each of the first slings has a first spreader at the hanging end; an offshore lifting unit has a voyage at sea a platform having a pillar extendable to the sea floor to be fixed to the seabed, and a pair of slides on the two sides of the symmetry are linearly slidable in parallel on the platform, and placed between the pair of slides In the area, each of the sliding tables has a second tower extending from the top of the platform, and each of the second towers has a second hoisting position a second fixed pulley on the same side of the second tower that can extend out of the platform, the second fixed pulley is at the same level on both sides of the placement area, and the second tower The second sling has a second hoist which can be connected to the second hoist of the second tower at one end, and can hang down the platform after passing through the second fixed pulley of the second tower. The second sling has a second spreader at the hanging end; a hanging member can be fixed to the column of the wind power generator, and the two first spreaders can be combined to lift the wind generator, and The horizontal swing of the boom is displaced on the shore; or the combination of the second and second spreaders can also lift the wind turbine and linearly slide along the sea at the second tower.
其中，該吊臂以一轉軸可轉動的設在該第一塔座上，該第一塔座在該吊臂下方有一環形墊體，該吊臂的底部有一導滑部可滑動地承載於該墊體上，而可支撐該吊臂在該第一塔座上旋擺；該第一塔座上並設有一環形之夾座，複數液壓缸分別以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結在該夾座，且另一端連結在該吊臂，而可由複數液壓缸逐步推動該吊臂在該第一塔座上轉動。 Wherein the boom is rotatably disposed on the first tower base with a rotating shaft, the first tower has an annular cushion body under the boom, and a bottom portion of the boom is slidably carried on the bottom of the boom a pad body for supporting the boom to swing on the first tower; the first tower seat is provided with an annular clamping seat, and the plurality of hydraulic cylinders are respectively movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly connected thereto. The holder is coupled to the boom at the other end, and the boom is gradually pushed by the plurality of hydraulic cylinders to rotate on the first tower.
其中，該平台上對應各該滑台直線滑移的路徑有一對相對在外的導軌和一對相對在內的夾座，該對導軌和該對夾座皆呈直線且在該平台上平行設置，各該滑台係底部可滑動地設在該對導軌；各對夾座有複數液壓缸分別以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結，且各該液壓缸的另一端連結在該滑台，各該滑台可由所連結之複數液壓缸逐步推動而在該平台上直線滑移。 The path corresponding to the linear sliding of the sliding table on the platform has a pair of opposite outer rails and a pair of opposite inner clamping seats, wherein the pair of guiding rails and the pair of clamping seats are straight and arranged in parallel on the platform. Each of the sliding table bases is slidably disposed on the pair of guide rails; each of the pair of clamping bases has a plurality of hydraulic cylinders respectively movable at one end but temporarily fixedly coupled, and the other end of each of the hydraulic cylinders is coupled to the sliding table, each of The slide table can be linearly slid on the platform by being gradually pushed by the connected plurality of hydraulic cylinders.
其中，所述夾座之斷面呈工形，各該液壓缸在和所述夾座連結的一端有一夾具可活動地組設在該夾座的頂部，該夾具中有複數夾 缸，所述夾具得以其中之複數夾缸撐緊在該夾座而暫時固定，或鬆脫該夾座而可在該夾座上活動。 Wherein, the cross section of the clamping seat is in the shape of a workpiece, and each of the hydraulic cylinders has a clamp at the end connected to the clamping seat, and is movably assembled on the top of the clamping seat, and the clamping clamp has a plurality of clamps a cylinder, wherein the clamp can be temporarily fixed by being clamped to the clamp by the plurality of clamp cylinders, or the clamp can be released to move on the clamp.
其中，該二第二塔座在設有前述第二定滑輪的一側設一橫跨該二第二塔座之靠墊，且以一設有配重塊的拉索以兩端連結在該第二塔座和該吊掛件；該二第二塔座以該二第二吊具吊起前述風力發電機並滑移時，以該靠墊供滑移中之風力發電機的立柱靠抵，且以該拉索在所設配重塊下沉時將該吊掛件拉往該靠墊，俾供滑移中的風力發電機不會搖晃。 Wherein, the two second towers are provided with a cushion spanning the two second towers on a side of the second fixed pulley, and are connected at both ends by a cable provided with a weight. a second tower and the hanging member; when the two second towers hoist the wind turbine and slide the second winder, the cushion is used to abut the column of the wind power generator in the slip, and The cable pulls the hanger to the cushion when the weight is set, and the wind turbine for slipping does not shake.
其中，各該第二塔座之頂端有一基板，在該基板上設一滑板，前述第二定滑輪設在該滑板上，該滑板的一側在該基板上連結一液壓缸，該液壓缸可推動該滑板以所設之第二定滑輪的軸向在該基板上直線滑移，該滑板有一供繞經所述第二定滑輪之第二吊索在垂下時穿過之第一穿孔，該基板有一在該滑板直線滑移時可和該第一穿孔相通之第二穿孔。 Wherein, the top of each of the second towers has a substrate, and a sliding plate is disposed on the substrate, and the second fixed pulley is disposed on the sliding plate, and one side of the sliding plate is coupled to a hydraulic cylinder on the substrate, and the hydraulic cylinder can be Pushing the sliding plate to linearly slide on the substrate in the axial direction of the second fixed pulley, the sliding plate has a first perforation for passing through the second sling of the second fixed pulley when hanging down, The substrate has a second perforation that is connectable to the first perforation when the slider is linearly slid.
其中，該吊掛件包含一結合件和一對吊鉤，該結合件有一供前述風力發電機之立柱穿設的穿孔，所述立柱於一處的外周有一可承托在該結合件上的擋環，該結合件在相對的兩側有複數第一鉤部；各該吊鉤可鉤掛在該二第二吊具，且各該吊鉤在一側有複數第二鉤部可和該結合件任一側的複數第一鉤部相互鉤住。 Wherein, the hanging member comprises a coupling member and a pair of hooks, the coupling member has a through hole for the column of the wind power generator, and the column has a block on the outer periphery of the column for supporting the coupling member a ring, the joint member has a plurality of first hook portions on opposite sides; each of the hooks can be hooked on the two second spreaders, and each of the hooks has a plurality of second hook portions on one side and the joint The plurality of first hooks on either side of the piece are hooked to each other.
其中，該第一吊具有一動滑輪，且在該動滑輪的下方設有一鉤部，該第一吊索由該第一定滑輪垂下後，繞經該動滑輪後再繞回該第一定滑輪數次，以定位該第一吊具在前述第一吊索垂下的一端；該結合件設有吊環，該第一吊具以吊繩結合該吊環，以吊起該風力發電機。 Wherein, the first crane has a movable pulley, and a hook portion is disposed below the movable pulley. After the first sling is suspended by the first fixed pulley, the first fixed pulley is wound back several times after passing the movable pulley. And positioning the first spreader at one end of the first sling; the joint is provided with a sling, the first sling is combined with the sling to lift the wind power generator.
其中，該第二吊具有一動滑輪，且在該動滑輪的下方設有一鉤部，該第二吊索由該第二定滑輪垂下後，繞經該動滑輪後再繞回該第二定滑輪數次，以定位該第二吊具在前述第二吊索垂下的一端。 Wherein, the second crane has a movable pulley, and a hook portion is disposed below the movable pulley. After the second sling is suspended by the second fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley is retracted several times after passing the movable pulley. And positioning the second spreader at one end of the aforementioned second sling.
其中，該岸上起重單元在該第一塔座周圍的地面設有擋牆，被該第一吊具吊起之風力發電機能以其立柱的底端被限制在該擋牆之中。 Wherein, the onshore lifting unit is provided with a retaining wall on the ground around the first tower, and the wind power generator suspended by the first spreader can be restrained in the retaining wall with the bottom end of the pillar.
其中，該第一塔座設有供其第一吊具吊起該風力發電機時配重之水箱；該二第二塔座分別設有供其第二吊具吊起該風力發電機時配重之水箱。 Wherein, the first tower is provided with a water tank for the first spreader to lift the wind generator; and the second tower is respectively provided for the second spreader to lift the wind generator Heavy water tank.
為達前述目的，所述安裝系統在海上安裝風力發電機的方法，包括：岸上的組立：以該第一捲揚機捲動之第一吊索以所設之第一吊具吊起前述機體、葉片和立柱，且配合該吊臂在該第一塔座上被驅動而水平旋擺，以組立完成前述風力發電機於岸上；出海前的裝載：以該吊臂的旋擺而將所組立的風力發電機移至所在岸邊之一預備位置，且由該平台在海上移至前述岸邊，被該第二捲揚機捲動之第二吊索以所設之第二吊具吊起位在該預備位置的風力發電機，並由該二第二塔座隨滑台直線滑移而將吊起之風力發電機移至該置放區定位，並以水平支撐件設在該置放區以固定該風力發電機；以及海上定點裝機：該平台在海上航行至裝機之定點時，由該二第二塔座再以第二吊具如前所述吊起位在該置放區的風力發電機，並由該二第二塔座隨該滑台直線滑移而將吊起之風力發電機移出該置放區，並安裝風力發電機在前述定點，以完成風力發電機在海上之安裝。 In order to achieve the foregoing object, a method for installing a wind power generator at sea by the installation system includes: assembling on the shore: lifting the aforementioned body and blade with the first spreader provided by the first sling rolled by the first hoist And the column, and the boom is driven on the first tower to horizontally swing to complete the foregoing wind turbine on the shore; before the sea loading: the wind is assembled by the swing of the boom The generator is moved to a preparatory position on the shore side, and the platform is moved to the aforementioned shore by the sea, and the second sling rolled by the second hoist is lifted in the second sling by the set a wind turbine at a position, and the second tower is linearly slid with the slide table, and the hoisted wind power generator is moved to the placement area, and the horizontal support member is disposed at the placement area to fix the Wind power generator; and fixed-point installation at sea: when the platform is sailing from the sea to the fixed point of the installation, the second tower is lifted by the second spreader as described above, and the wind turbine located in the set-up area is lifted as described above. And the second tower is slid with the slide straight The wind power generator disposed out of the zone, and the point in the installation of the wind turbine, to complete the installation of offshore wind turbines.
本發明之上述及其他目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中，獲得深入了解。 The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood from
當然，本發明在某些另件上，或另件之安排上容許有所不同，但所選用之實施例，則於本說明書中，予以詳細說明，並於附圖中展示其構造。 Of course, the invention may be varied on certain components, or in the arrangement of the components, but the selected embodiments are described in detail in the specification and their construction is shown in the drawings.
(習用部分) (customized part)
91‧‧‧機體 91‧‧‧ body
92‧‧‧立柱 92‧‧‧ column
93‧‧‧葉片 93‧‧‧ leaves
(本發明部分) (part of the invention)
1‧‧‧風力發電機 1‧‧‧ wind turbine
11‧‧‧機體 11‧‧‧ body
12‧‧‧葉片 12‧‧‧ leaves
13‧‧‧立柱 13‧‧‧ column
131‧‧‧擋環 131‧‧ ‧ retaining ring
2‧‧‧岸上起重單元 2‧‧‧ Shore lifting unit
21‧‧‧第一塔座 21‧‧‧The first tower
211‧‧‧環形墊體 211‧‧‧ ring body
212‧‧‧夾座 212‧‧‧Clip seat
22‧‧‧吊臂 22‧‧‧Boom
221‧‧‧第一定滑輪 221‧‧‧first fixed pulley
222‧‧‧轉軸 222‧‧‧ shaft
223‧‧‧導滑部 223‧‧‧guide
23‧‧‧第一捲揚機 23‧‧‧First winch
24‧‧‧第一吊索 24‧‧‧First sling
25‧‧‧第一吊具 25‧‧‧First spreader
251‧‧‧動滑輪 251‧‧‧ movable pulley
252‧‧‧鉤部 252‧‧‧ hook
253‧‧‧吊繩 253‧‧‧ sling
26‧‧‧液壓缸 26‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
261‧‧‧夾具 261‧‧‧ fixture
262‧‧‧夾缸 262‧‧‧Clamp cylinder
27‧‧‧水箱 27‧‧‧Water tank
3‧‧‧海上起重單元 3‧‧‧ offshore lifting unit
31‧‧‧平台 31‧‧‧ platform
311‧‧‧導軌 311‧‧‧rail
312‧‧‧夾座 312‧‧‧Clip seat
32‧‧‧支柱 32‧‧‧ pillar
33‧‧‧滑台 33‧‧‧ slide table
330‧‧‧滑座 330‧‧‧ slide
34‧‧‧置放區 34‧‧‧Placement area
35‧‧‧第二塔座 35‧‧‧Second Tower
351‧‧‧第二定滑輪 351‧‧‧Second fixed pulley
352‧‧‧靠墊 352‧‧‧Cushion
353‧‧‧配重塊 353‧‧‧weights
354‧‧‧拉索 354‧‧‧Laso
355‧‧‧水平支撐件 355‧‧‧ horizontal support
356‧‧‧基板 356‧‧‧Substrate
357‧‧‧滑板 357‧‧‧ Skateboarding
358‧‧‧液壓缸 358‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
359‧‧‧第一穿孔 359‧‧‧First perforation
350‧‧‧第二穿孔 350‧‧‧Second perforation
36‧‧‧第二捲揚機 36‧‧‧Second winch
37‧‧‧第二吊索 37‧‧‧Second sling
38‧‧‧第二吊具 38‧‧‧Second spreader
381‧‧‧動滑輪 381‧‧‧ movable pulley
382‧‧‧鉤部 382‧‧‧ hook
39‧‧‧液壓缸 39‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder
391‧‧‧夾具 391‧‧‧Clamp
392‧‧‧夾缸 392‧‧‧Cartridge
30‧‧‧水箱 30‧‧‧Water tank
4‧‧‧吊掛件 4‧‧‧ hanging pieces
41‧‧‧結合件 41‧‧‧Connected parts
411‧‧‧穿孔 411‧‧‧Perforation
412‧‧‧第一鉤部 412‧‧‧First hook
413‧‧‧吊環 413‧‧‧ rings
42‧‧‧吊鉤 42‧‧‧ hook
421‧‧‧第二鉤部 421‧‧‧Second hook
5‧‧‧擋牆 5‧‧‧Retaining wall
第1圖係本發明之實施例之海上風力發電機安裝系統之配置正視圖。 Fig. 1 is a front elevational view showing the configuration of an offshore wind turbine installation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖係本發明之實施例之吊臂設置在第一塔座上可被驅動而水平旋擺之構造示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration in which the boom of the embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the first tower and can be driven to swing horizontally.
第3圖係本發明之實施例之海上起重單元吊起風力發電機之示意圖。 Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of a wind power generator by an offshore lifting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係本發明之實施例之第二吊具以吊鉤和結合件鉤住而結合之局部示意圖。 Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view showing the second spreader of the embodiment of the present invention in which the hook and the engaging member are hooked and joined.
第5圖係本發明之實施例之吊臂在第一塔座上以轉軸連結之局部示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view showing the boom of the embodiment of the present invention joined by a rotating shaft on the first tower.
第6圖係第2圖之吊臂在第一塔座上被液壓缸驅動而水平旋擺之示意圖。 Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the boom of Fig. 2 being driven by a hydraulic cylinder on a first tower and horizontally swung.
第7圖係本發明之實施例之海上起重單元於平台上俯視二滑台設置之示意圖，圖中亦表示在置放區有三具風力發電機(以立柱表示)放置。 Figure 7 is a schematic view of the offshore lifting unit of the embodiment of the present invention on a platform overlooking the two slides. The figure also shows that three wind turbines (represented by columns) are placed in the placement area.
第8圖係本發明之實施例之滑台設在導軌上而可直線滑移之示意圖。 Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the slide table of the embodiment of the present invention which is disposed on the guide rail and linearly slidable.
第9圖係本發明之實施例之滑台設在導軌上，且和夾座間設有驅動之液壓缸的示意圖。 Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the slide table of the embodiment of the present invention which is disposed on the guide rail and is provided with a driving hydraulic cylinder.
第10圖係第9圖之液壓缸驅動滑台直線位移時之示意圖。 Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the linear displacement of the hydraulic cylinder driving slide table in Fig. 9.
第11圖係本發明之實施例之岸上起重單元或海上起重單元的夾具設置在夾座上之示意圖。 Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the fixture of the onshore lifting unit or the offshore lifting unit of the embodiment of the present invention disposed on the holder.
第12圖係本發明之實施例之海上起重單元在第二塔座以第二吊索吊在岸上的預備位置吊起風力發電機之示意圖。 Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of the offshore crane unit of the embodiment of the present invention lifting a wind turbine at a second position with a second sling suspended from the shore.
第13圖係第12圖之第二吊索吊起風力發電機後，隨第二塔座在滑台上直線滑移之示意圖，而在滑移後即可將風力發電機放在置放區內。 Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second sling of Figure 12 after the wind turbine is lifted, with the second tower sliding straight on the slide table, and the wind turbine can be placed in the placement area after the slip Inside.
第14圖係本發明之實施例之第二塔座頂端的第二定滑輪可被液壓缸驅動而側移之示意圖。 Figure 14 is a schematic illustration of the second fixed pulley at the top of the second tower of the embodiment of the present invention which can be driven by the hydraulic cylinder to move sideways.
第15圖係第14圖在基板和滑板相疊時之一側的局部示意圖，圖中可見滑板的側邊扣住基板而不會側翻。 Fig. 15 is a partial schematic view showing one side of the substrate and the slide plate when the stack of the substrate and the slide plate are overlapped, and it is seen that the side of the slide plate holds the substrate without rolling.
第16圖係習用風力發電機之示意圖。 Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a conventional wind turbine.
第17圖係習用風力發電機拆解後再於安裝船上置放之示意圖。 Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the conventional wind turbine disassembled and then placed on the installation ship.
請參閱第1圖至第15圖，圖中所示者為本發明所選用之實施例結構，此僅供說明之用，在專利申請上並不受此種結構之限制。 Referring to Figures 1 through 15, the structure of the embodiment selected for use in the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and is not limited by such structure in the patent application.
本實施例提供一種海上風力發電機安裝系統及其安裝方法，如第1圖所示，風力發電機1係一機體11裝有複數葉片12，且機體11設在一立柱13的頂端，機體11可在複數葉片12被風力驅動而旋轉時發電。所述安裝系統，如第1圖所示包括一岸上起重單元2、一海上起重單元3以及一吊掛件4，其中：如第1圖所示，岸上起重單元2有一設在岸邊的第一塔座21，在第一塔座21頂端設一可被驅動而水平旋擺之吊臂22，並有一第一捲揚機23固定於第一塔座21的所在位置(於本實施例是設在第一塔座21底部)。如第1至2圖所示，吊臂22在同一端有二第一定滑輪221位在同一水平高度且分開一距離，一對第一吊索24以一端可被捲動地連結在第一捲揚機 23，且分別繞經二第一定滑輪221後朝地面垂下，各第一吊索24在前述垂下的一端有一第一吊具25。 The embodiment provides an offshore wind turbine installation system and a mounting method thereof. As shown in FIG. 1 , the wind turbine 1 is equipped with a plurality of blades 12 , and the body 11 is disposed at a top end of the column 13 , and the body 11 Power can be generated when the plurality of blades 12 are driven by the wind to rotate. The mounting system, as shown in FIG. 1, includes an onshore lifting unit 2, an offshore lifting unit 3, and a hanging member 4, wherein: as shown in Fig. 1, the onshore lifting unit 2 has a shore. The first tower 21 is provided with a boom 22 which can be driven and horizontally swung at the top of the first tower 21, and a first hoisting machine 23 is fixed at the position of the first tower 21 (in this embodiment Located at the bottom of the first tower 21). As shown in Figures 1 to 2, the boom 22 has two first fixed pulleys 221 at the same end and separated by a distance, and a pair of first slings 24 can be rolled and connected at one end. hoist 23, and respectively hanging around the first fixed pulley 221 and hanging down to the ground, each of the first slings 24 has a first spreader 25 at the hanging end.
如第1及3圖所示，海上起重單元3有一可在海上航行的平台31，平台31上有可往海底伸設至固定於海床的支柱32，且在對稱的兩邊有一對滑台33可在平台31上平行地直線滑移，並在該對滑台33之間有一置放區34(請併參第7圖)，各滑台33上有一第二塔座35，各第二塔座35的頂端可伸出平台31之外，各第二塔座35的所在位置有一第二捲揚機36(於本實施例中設在滑台33上)。如第1及3圖所示，二第二塔座35在同一側可伸出平台31外的頂端分別有一第二定滑輪351，二第二定滑輪351在置放區34的兩旁位在同一水平高度，各第二塔座35有一第二吊索37以一端可被捲動地連結於所在之第二塔座35的第二捲揚機36，且繞經所在之第二塔座35的第二定滑輪351後可朝平台31垂下，各第二吊索37在前述垂下的一端有一第二吊具38。 As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the offshore lifting unit 3 has a platform 31 that can sail at sea. The platform 31 has a pillar 32 that can be extended to the sea floor and fixed to the seabed, and has a pair of sliding tables on both sides of the symmetry. 33 can be linearly slid in parallel on the platform 31, and there is a placement area 34 between the pair of slides 33 (please refer to Figure 7), and each slide table 33 has a second tower 35, each second The top end of the tower 35 can extend beyond the platform 31, and each second tower 35 is located at a position of a second hoist 36 (on the slide table 33 in this embodiment). As shown in the first and third figures, the second second tower 35 has a second fixed pulley 351 at the top end of the same side of the extension platform 31, and the second fixed pulley 351 is located at the same position on both sides of the placement area 34. The second tower 35 has a second sling 37 connected to the second hoist 36 of the second tower 35 at one end and second to the second tower 35 at the second tower 35. The fixed pulley 351 can be lowered toward the platform 31, and each of the second slings 37 has a second spreader 38 at the hanging end.
如第1、3及4圖所示，吊掛件4可被固定在前述風力發電機1之立柱13，供二第一吊具25結合而可將風力發電機1吊起，並隨吊臂22之水平旋擺而在岸上位移；吊掛件4也可供二第二吊具38(如圖中所示的鉤部382)結合而同樣可將風力發電機1吊起，並隨二第二塔座35在海上直線滑移。 As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4, the hanger 4 can be fixed to the upright 13 of the wind generator 1 for the combination of the two first spreaders 25 to lift the wind turbine 1 and with the boom 22 The horizontal swinging is displaced on the shore; the hanging member 4 can also be combined with the second second spreader 38 (the hook portion 382 shown in the figure) to lift the wind power generator 1 as well as the second tower. Seat 35 slides straight in the sea.
如第2及5圖所示，本實施例之吊臂22以一轉軸222可轉動的設在第一塔座21上，第一塔座21在吊臂22下方有一環形墊體211，吊臂22的底部有一導滑部223可滑動地承載於墊體211上，而可支撐吊臂22在第一塔座21上旋擺。第一塔座21上並設有一環形之夾座212，複數液壓缸26分別以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結在夾座212，且另一端連結在吊臂 22，而如第2及6圖所示之動作往復操作，可由複數液壓缸26逐步推動吊臂22在第一塔座21上轉動。 As shown in the second and fifth figures, the boom 22 of the embodiment is rotatably disposed on the first tower 21 by a rotating shaft 222. The first tower 21 has an annular pad 211 under the boom 22, and the boom At the bottom of the 22, a guide portion 223 is slidably carried on the pad body 211, and the support arm 22 is swung on the first tower 21. The first tower 21 is provided with an annular clamping seat 212. The plurality of hydraulic cylinders 26 are respectively movable at one end but can be temporarily fixedly coupled to the clamping seat 212, and the other end is coupled to the lifting arm. 22, and as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the reciprocating operation can be performed by the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 26 to gradually push the boom 22 to rotate on the first tower 21.
如第7至9圖所示，本實施例之平台31上對應各滑台33直線滑移的路徑有一對相對在外的導軌311和一對相對在內的夾座312，該對導軌311和該對夾座312皆呈直線且在平台31上平行設置，各滑台33係底部具有滑座330而可滑動地設在該對導軌311；各對夾座312有複數液壓缸39分別以一端可活動但能暫時固定地連結，且各液壓缸39的另一端連結在滑台33，各滑台33如第9及10圖所示之動作往復操作，可由所連結之複數液壓缸39逐步推動而在平台31上直線滑移。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the path of the platform 31 of the present embodiment corresponding to the linear sliding of each of the slide tables 33 has a pair of opposite outer guide rails 311 and a pair of opposite inner clamps 312, the pair of guide rails 311 and the The clamping seats 312 are all in a straight line and are arranged in parallel on the platform 31. Each sliding table 33 has a sliding seat 330 at the bottom and is slidably disposed on the pair of guiding rails 311. Each pair of clamping seats 312 has a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 39 respectively. The movement is temporarily fixedly coupled, and the other end of each hydraulic cylinder 39 is coupled to the slide table 33, and each of the slide tables 33 reciprocates as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and can be gradually pushed by the connected plurality of hydraulic cylinders 39. Straight on the platform 31.
如第11圖所示，夾座212之斷面呈工形，各液壓缸26在和夾座212連結的一端有一夾具261可活動地組設在夾座212的頂部，夾具261中有複數夾缸262，夾具261得以其中之複數夾缸262撐緊在夾座212而暫時固定，或鬆脫夾座212而可在夾座212上活動。同如第11圖所示，所述夾座312之斷面亦呈工形，各液壓缸39在和夾座312連結的一端有一夾具391可活動地組設在夾座312的頂部，夾具391中有複數夾缸392，夾具391得以其中之複數夾缸392撐緊在夾座312而暫時固定，或鬆脫夾座312而可在夾座312上活動。 As shown in FIG. 11, the cross-section of the holder 212 is in the shape of a workpiece. Each of the hydraulic cylinders 26 has a clamp 261 at the end coupled to the holder 212. The clamp 261 is movably assembled on the top of the holder 212. The clamp 261 has a plurality of clips. The cylinder 262, the clamp 261 is temporarily fixed by the plurality of clamp cylinders 262 being fastened to the clamp 212, or the clamp 212 is released to be movable on the clamp 212. As shown in FIG. 11 , the cross section of the clamping seat 312 is also in the shape of a workpiece. Each hydraulic cylinder 39 has a clamp 391 at the end connected to the clamping seat 312 and is movably assembled on the top of the clamping seat 312. There is a plurality of clamping cylinders 392, and the clamp 391 is temporarily fixed by the plurality of clamping cylinders 392 being fastened to the clamping seat 312, or the clamping seat 312 is loosened to be movable on the clamping seat 312.
如第1、3及12圖所示，二第二塔座35在設有第二定滑輪351的一側設一橫跨二第二塔座35之靠墊352，且以一設有配重塊353的拉索354以兩端連結在第二塔座35和吊掛件4，俾供滑移中的風力發電機1不會搖晃。 As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 12, the second second tower 35 is provided with a cushion 352 spanning the second tower base 35 on the side where the second fixed pulley 351 is disposed, and is provided with a weight. The cable 354 of 353 is coupled to the second tower 35 and the hanger 4 at both ends, and the wind turbine 1 for slippage does not wobble.
如第14至15圖所示，各第二塔座35之頂端有一基板356，在基板356上設一滑板357以側邊扣住基板356，第二定滑輪351設在滑板357上，滑板357的一側在基板356上連結一液壓缸358，液壓缸358可推動滑板 357以所設第二定滑輪351之軸向在基板356上直線滑移，滑板357有一第一穿孔359供繞經第二定滑輪351之第二吊索37在垂下時穿過，基板356有一第二穿孔350在滑板357直線滑移時可和第一穿孔359相通。 As shown in FIGS. 14 to 15, each of the second towers 35 has a base plate 356 at its top end. A slide plate 357 is disposed on the base plate 356 to hold the base plate 356 sideways. The second fixed pulley 351 is disposed on the slide plate 357. One side of the base plate 356 is coupled to a hydraulic cylinder 358, and the hydraulic cylinder 358 can push the slide plate The 357 is linearly slid on the substrate 356 in the axial direction of the second fixed pulley 351. The sliding plate 357 has a first through hole 359 for the second sling 37 passing through the second fixed pulley 351 to pass through while hanging down. The substrate 356 has a The second perforation 350 can communicate with the first perforation 359 when the slider 357 is linearly slid.
再如第4圖所示，吊掛件4包含一結合件41和一對吊鉤42，結合件41有一供風力發電機1之立柱13穿設的穿孔411，立柱13於一處的外周有一可承托在結合件41上的擋環131，結合件41在相對的兩側有複數第一鉤部412；各吊鉤42可鉤掛在二第二吊具38，且各吊鉤42在一側有複數第二鉤部421可和結合件41任一側的複數第一鉤部412相互鉤住，俾供二第二吊具38吊起風力發電機1。 As shown in FIG. 4, the hanging member 4 includes a coupling member 41 and a pair of hooks 42. The coupling member 41 has a through hole 411 for the column 13 of the wind power generator 1. The column 13 has a periphery on one side. Supporting the retaining ring 131 on the coupling member 41, the coupling member 41 has a plurality of first hook portions 412 on opposite sides; each hook 42 can be hooked on the second second spreader 38, and each hook 42 is in a The plurality of second hook portions 421 on the side may be hooked to the plurality of first hook portions 412 on either side of the joint member 41, and the second spreader 38 lifts the wind power generator 1.
第一吊具25有一動滑輪251，且在動滑輪251的下方設有一鉤部252，第一吊索24由第一定滑輪221垂下後，繞經動滑輪251後再繞回第一定滑輪221數次，以定位第一吊具25在第一吊索24垂下的一端；結合件41設有吊環413，第一吊具25(如圖中所示的鉤部252)得以吊繩253結合吊環413，以吊起整具風力發電機1。第二吊具38有一動滑輪381，且在動滑輪381的下方設有一鉤部382，該第二吊索37由第二定滑輪351垂下後，繞經動滑輪381後再繞回第二定滑輪351數次，以定位第二吊具38在第二吊索37垂下的一端。 The first spreader 25 has a movable pulley 251, and a hook portion 252 is disposed below the movable pulley 251. After the first sling 24 is suspended by the first fixed pulley 221, the first pulley 221 is wound around the movable pulley 251 and then retracted to the first fixed pulley 221 several times. To locate the end of the first spreader 25 hanging down the first sling 24; the joint member 41 is provided with a lifting ring 413, and the first spreader 25 (the hook portion 252 shown in the figure) is coupled with the lifting loop 413 by the sling 253. To lift the wind turbine 1 . The second spreader 38 has a movable pulley 381, and a hook portion 382 is disposed below the movable pulley 381. After the second sling 37 is suspended by the second fixed pulley 351, the second pulley 351 is wound back around the movable pulley 381. In order to position the end of the second spreader 38 at the second sling 37.
本實施例之第一塔座21設有供其第一吊具25吊起風力發電機1時配重之水箱27。本實施例之二第二塔座35，分別設有供其第二吊具38吊起風力發電機1時配重之水箱30。 The first tower 21 of the present embodiment is provided with a water tank 27 for weighting when the first spreader 25 lifts the wind power generator 1. The second tower 35 of the second embodiment is provided with a water tank 30 for weighting the wind turbine 1 when the second spreader 38 lifts the wind turbine 1 .
上述海上風力發電機安裝系統，其在海上安裝風力發電機之方法包括岸上的組立、出海前的裝載以及海上定點裝機，其中： 在岸上的組立作業，是以第一捲揚機23捲動之第一吊索24以所設之第一吊具25吊起機體11、葉片12和立柱13，且配合吊臂22在第一塔座21上被驅動而水平旋擺，以組立完成前述風力發電機於岸上。 The above-mentioned offshore wind turbine installation system, the method of installing the wind power generator at sea includes the assembly on the shore, the loading before going to sea, and the fixed-point installation at sea, wherein: In the assembly operation on the shore, the first sling 24, which is scrolled by the first hoisting machine 23, lifts the body 11, the blade 12 and the column 13 with the first spreader 25 provided, and cooperates with the boom 22 at the first tower. The 21 is driven and horizontally swung to complete the aforementioned wind turbine on the shore.
在出海前的裝載作業，是當風力發電機1在岸上組立完成後進行，是以吊臂22的旋擺而將所組立的風力發電機1移至所在岸邊之一預備位置，且如第12至13圖所示，由平台31在海上移至前述岸邊，二第二塔座35可隨滑台33直線滑移而移至岸上，被第二捲揚機36捲動之第二吊索37以所設之第二吊具38吊起位在該預備位置的風力發電機1，並由二第二塔座35隨滑台33直線滑移而將吊起之風力發電機1移至置放區34定位，此置放區34於本實施例中可設置三具風力發電機1(圖中以立柱13為置放位置)。各具風力發電機1整機裝載於平台3之置放區34並定位後，並以水平支撐件355設在置放區34以固定風力發電機1，避免風力發電機1隨平台3航行時產生晃動，即可往裝機之定點航行。於本實施例中，為避免被吊起的風力發電機在該預備位置時過度搖晃，故岸上起重單元2在第一塔座21周圍的地面設有擋牆5，於此設在該預備位置的地面，被第一吊具25吊起之風力發電機1，能以其立柱13的底端被限制在擋牆5之中。 The loading operation before going to sea is performed after the wind turbine 1 is assembled on the shore, and the assembled wind turbine 1 is moved to a preparatory position on the bank side by the swing of the boom 22, and As shown in Figures 12 to 13, the platform 31 is moved offshore to the aforementioned shore, and the second tower 35 is linearly slidable with the slide 33 to the shore, and the second sling 37 is rolled by the second hoist 36. The wind turbine 1 located at the preparatory position is lifted by the second spreader 38, and the hoisted wind power generator 1 is moved to the position by the two second towers 35 linearly sliding with the slide table 33. The zone 34 is positioned. In this embodiment, three wind turbines 1 can be disposed in the present embodiment (the column 13 is placed in the position). Each wind turbine 1 is loaded on the placement area 34 of the platform 3 and positioned, and is disposed in the placement area 34 with the horizontal support member 355 to fix the wind power generator 1 to prevent the wind power generator 1 from sailing with the platform 3. Shake it, you can sail to the fixed point of the installation. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the hoisted wind power generator from excessively shaking in the preparatory position, the onshore lifting unit 2 is provided with a retaining wall 5 on the ground around the first tower 21, and the prefabricated wall 5 is provided therein. At the location of the ground, the wind turbine 1 hoisted by the first spreader 25 can be restrained in the retaining wall 5 with the bottom end of its upright 13 .
海上定點裝機作業，是在海上航行至裝機之定點時，由二第二塔座35再以第二吊具38如前所述吊起位在置放區34的風力發電機1，並由二第二塔座35隨滑台33直線滑移而將吊起之風力發電機1移出置放區34，並安裝風力發電機1在前述定點，以完成風力發電機1在海上之安裝。 The fixed-point installation operation at sea is to hoist the wind turbine 1 located in the placement area 34 by the second tower 35 and the second spreader 38 as described above when the vehicle is sailing to the fixed point of the installation. The second tower 35 linearly slides with the slide table 33 to move the hoisted wind power generator 1 out of the placement area 34, and installs the wind power generator 1 at the aforementioned fixed point to complete the installation of the wind power generator 1 at sea.
由上述之說明不難發現本發明之優點，在於岸上起重單元2和海上起重單元3，皆以成對之吊索將風力發電機1吊掛於其中，相較於習知浮吊船以整機吊掛風力發電機之型態而言，能以較為簡化之起重構造即可提供風力發電機1足夠的吊掛能力，以完成風力發電機1在岸上的組裝、 出海前的裝載、以及海上定點裝機的作業，故能降低風力發電機1離岸安裝所需之費用，且能提供安裝的效率和便利性。 From the above description, it is not difficult to find that the advantages of the present invention are that the onshore lifting unit 2 and the offshore lifting unit 3 both hang the wind power generator 1 in pairs with the sling, compared to the conventional floating crane In the form of the wind turbine generator hanging in the whole machine, the wind power generator 1 can be provided with sufficient hanging capacity with a simplified lifting structure to complete the assembly of the wind power generator 1 on the shore. The loading before going to sea and the fixed-point installation at sea can reduce the cost of offshore installation of wind turbine 1, and provide installation efficiency and convenience.
以上所述實施例之揭示係用以說明本發明，並非用以限制本發明，故舉凡數值之變更或等效元件之置換仍應隸屬本發明之範疇。 The above description of the embodiments is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
由以上詳細說明，可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本發明的確可達成前述目的，實已符合專利法之規定，爰提出專利申請。 From the above detailed description, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can achieve the foregoing objects and is in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law.
Claims (12)
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201011140A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | A construction method for marine wind power generator and construction apparatus, and a maintenance method for marine wind power generator and maintenance operation apparatus |
| JP2011525223A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-09-15 | テクニップ フランス | Structure for transporting and installing at least one wind turbine or submersible generator offshore, and method for transporting and installing at least one wind turbine or submersible generator offshore |
| TW201215538A (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-16 | Daiichi Kensetsu Kiko Co Ltd | Deck elevating type operating platform vessel and construction method of offshore wind power generation facilities |
| JP2012107586A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-06-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ship for installing offshore wind turbines and method for installing offshore wind turbines using the same |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011525223A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-09-15 | テクニップ フランス | Structure for transporting and installing at least one wind turbine or submersible generator offshore, and method for transporting and installing at least one wind turbine or submersible generator offshore |
| TW201011140A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | A construction method for marine wind power generator and construction apparatus, and a maintenance method for marine wind power generator and maintenance operation apparatus |
| TW201215538A (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-16 | Daiichi Kensetsu Kiko Co Ltd | Deck elevating type operating platform vessel and construction method of offshore wind power generation facilities |
| JP2012107586A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-06-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ship for installing offshore wind turbines and method for installing offshore wind turbines using the same |
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