TWI622951B - Real-time structural status displaying and warning system and method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統及其方法，透過埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的偵測元件，偵測類比的震動訊號與傳送類比的震動訊號，運算裝置將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號，將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，以依據結構物原始三維影像數據以及偵測元件的設置位置，透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值進行計算，藉以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據並加以顯示，分析裝置透過統計分析，以分析出結構物的分析結果並顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示，藉此可以達成提供結構物有效、長期且即時監控的技術功效。An instant structure state display and early warning system and method thereof, for detecting an analog vibration signal and transmitting an analog vibration signal through a detecting component embedded in a beam, a column or a wall of a structure, the arithmetic device will analogously vibrate The signal is converted into a digital vibration signal, and the digital vibration signal is converted into a root mean square speed spectrum standard vibration value through frequency domain analysis, and is transmitted according to the radiance of the root mean square velocity spectrum standard according to the original 3D image data of the structure and the set position of the detecting component. The numerical calculation is performed to calculate and display the 3D image data of the structure vibration, and the analysis device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through statistical analysis and displays, when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result, a warning is issued, thereby Achieve technical efficiencies that provide effective, long-term, and immediate monitoring of structures.
Description
一種狀態顯示與預警系統及其方法，尤其是指一種即時提供結構物的狀態顯示與預警系統及其方法。A state display and early warning system and method thereof, in particular, a state display and early warning system and method thereof for instantly providing a structure.
隨著全球氣候的變化，使得世界各地災害不斷，例如地震或是颱風等的災害頻傳，這些災害容易造成結構物斷裂、傾斜或是倒塌的災情。將如何於災害發生前適當監控結構物的狀況，即可適當防止災害發生造成重大傷亡，減少生命或是財產的損失。With the changes in the global climate, disasters around the world, such as earthquakes or typhoons, are frequently transmitted. These disasters are likely to cause structural damage, tilt or collapse. How to properly monitor the condition of the structure before the disaster occurs, it can prevent the occurrence of major casualties and reduce the loss of life or property.
現有的結構物於平時並無有效、長期且即時的監控，僅能於排定檢測的時候或是主動提出檢測時，透過專業的檢測方法瞭解結構物的結構狀態，難以於平時或災害發生時，長期且即時確實掌握結構物的變化，因此於颱風或是地震等災害侵襲時造成結構物斷裂、傾斜或是倒塌，更甚者導致人們死亡的憾事。Existing structures do not have effective, long-term and immediate monitoring at ordinary times. They can only understand the structural state of structures through professional testing methods when scheduling tests or when they initiate testing. It is difficult to be in peacetime or disasters. Long-term and immediate real-time control of structural changes, so that when a typhoon or earthquake or other disasters invade, the structure breaks, tilts or collapses, and even worse, people die.
綜上所述，可知先前技術中長期以來一直存在結構物缺乏有效、長期且即時監控的問題，因此有必要提出改進的技術手段，來解決此一問題。In summary, it can be seen that there has been a long-standing problem in the prior art that the structure lacks effective, long-term and immediate monitoring, and therefore it is necessary to propose an improved technical means to solve this problem.
有鑒於先前技術存在結構物缺乏有效、長期且即時監控的問題，本發明遂揭露一種即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統及其方法，其中：In view of the prior art lack of effective, long-term and immediate monitoring of structures, the present invention discloses an instant structure status display and early warning system and method thereof, wherein:
本發明所揭露的即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統，其包含：多個偵測元件、運算裝置以及分析裝置，運算裝置更包含：結構物資料庫、接收模組、類比數位訊號轉換模組、震動標準轉換模組、三維影像數據計算模組以及顯示模組。The instant structure state display and early warning system disclosed in the present invention comprises: a plurality of detecting components, an arithmetic device and an analyzing device, and the computing device further comprises: a structure data library, a receiving module, an analog digital signal conversion module, Vibration standard conversion module, 3D image data calculation module and display module.
偵測元件被埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內，偵測元件用以偵測震動訊號，並傳送震動訊號，震動訊號為類比訊號。The detecting component is embedded in the beam, column or wall of the structure, and the detecting component is used for detecting the vibration signal and transmitting the vibration signal, and the vibration signal is analog signal.
運算裝置的結構物資料庫，是用以儲存結構物原始三維影像數據；運算裝置的接收模組，是用以分別自偵測元件接收震動訊號；運算裝置的類比數位訊號轉換模組，是用以將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號；運算裝置的震動標準轉換模組，是用以將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值；運算裝置的三維影像數據計算模組，是用以於結構物資料庫中取出對應的結構物原始三維影像數據，並依據偵測元件的設置位置，透過均方根速度（mean square speed）頻譜標準震動數值進行計算，以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據；及運算裝置的顯示模組，是用以依據結構物震動三維影像數據對結構物進行三維影像的顯示。The structural data library of the computing device is used for storing the original three-dimensional image data of the structure; the receiving module of the computing device is for respectively receiving the vibration signal from the detecting component; the analog digital signal conversion module of the computing device is used The analog vibration signal is converted into a digital vibration signal; the vibration standard conversion module of the computing device is used to convert the digital vibration signal into the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value through frequency domain analysis; the calculation of the 3D image data of the computing device The module is used for taking out the original 3D image data of the corresponding structure in the structure database, and calculating the mean square speed spectrum standard vibration value according to the set position of the detecting component to calculate The structure vibrates the three-dimensional image data; and the display module of the computing device is configured to display the three-dimensional image of the structure according to the structure vibration three-dimensional image data.
分析裝置與運算裝置建立連線，以自運算裝置接收數位震動訊號，運算裝置透過統計分析，藉以分析出結構物的分析結果並加以顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示。The analyzing device establishes a connection with the computing device, and receives the digital vibration signal from the computing device. The computing device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through statistical analysis, and displays the result, and sends an alert when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result.
本發明所揭露的即時結構物狀態顯示與預警方法，其包含下列步驟：The instant structure status display and early warning method disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:
首先，提供埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的多個偵測元件，偵測元件用以偵測震動訊號，並傳送震動訊號，震動訊號為類比訊號；接著，提供運算裝置，運算裝置的結構物資料庫儲存有結構物原始三維影像數據；接著，運算裝置的接收模組分別自偵測元件接收震動訊號；接著，運算裝置的類比數位訊號轉換模組，將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號；接著，運算裝置的震動標準轉換模組，將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度（mean square speed）頻譜標準震動數值；接著，運算裝置的三維影像數據計算模組，於結構物資料庫中取出對應的結構物原始三維影像數據，並依據偵測元件的設置位置透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值進行計算，以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據；接著，運算裝置的顯示模組，依據結構物震動三維影像數據對結構物進行三維影像的顯示；最後，提供分析裝置，分析裝置與運算裝置建立連線，以自運算裝置接收數位震動訊號，運算裝置透過統計分析，以分析出結構物的分析結果並加以顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示。Firstly, a plurality of detecting elements embedded in the beam, column or wall of the structure are provided, the detecting component is used for detecting the vibration signal, and the vibration signal is transmitted, and the vibration signal is analog signal; then, the computing device is provided, and the operation is performed. The structure data library of the device stores the original 3D image data of the structure; then, the receiving module of the computing device respectively receives the vibration signal from the detecting component; and then, the analog digital signal conversion module of the computing device converts the analog vibration signal a digital vibration signal; then, the vibration standard conversion module of the computing device converts the digital vibration signal into a mean square speed spectral standard vibration value through frequency domain analysis; and then, the 3D image data calculation mode of the computing device The group obtains the original 3D image data of the corresponding structure in the structure database, and calculates the 3D image data of the structure vibration according to the set position of the detecting component through the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value; The display module of the computing device is based on the structure vibration 3D image data The object displays the three-dimensional image; finally, the analysis device is provided, and the analysis device establishes a connection with the operation device to receive the digital vibration signal from the operation device, and the operation device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through the statistical analysis and displays it. A warning is issued when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result.
本發明所揭露的系統及方法如上所述，是透過埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的偵測元件，偵測類比的震動訊號與傳送類比的震動訊號，運算裝置將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號，將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，以依據結構物原始三維影像數據以及偵測元件的設置位置，透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值進行計算，以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據並加以顯示，分析裝置透過統計分析，以分析出結構物的分析結果並顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示。The system and method disclosed by the present invention detect the analog vibration signal and the analog analog vibration signal through the detecting component embedded in the beam, column or wall of the structure, and the arithmetic device will simulate the vibration. The signal is converted into a digital vibration signal, and the digital vibration signal is converted into a root mean square speed spectrum standard vibration value through frequency domain analysis, and is transmitted according to the radiance of the root mean square velocity spectrum standard according to the original 3D image data of the structure and the set position of the detecting component. The numerical calculation is performed to calculate and display the three-dimensional image data of the structure vibration, and the analysis device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through statistical analysis and displays that the warning is issued when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result.
透過上述的技術手段，本發明可以達成提供結構物有效、長期且即時監控的技術功效。Through the above technical means, the present invention can achieve the technical effect of providing effective, long-term and immediate monitoring of structures.
以下將配合圖式及實施例來詳細說明本發明的實施方式，藉此對本發明如何應用技術手段來解決技術問題並達成技術功效的實現過程能充分理解並據以實施。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, so that the application of the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
本發明運作系統與方法的說明，請同時參考「第1圖」以及「第2A圖」至「第2C圖」所示，「第1圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統的系統方塊圖；「第2A圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警方法的方法流程圖；「第2B圖」以及「第2C圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警方法的細部方法流程圖。For the description of the operation system and method of the present invention, please refer to "1" and "2A" to "2C", and "1" is the current structure status display and early warning system of the present invention. System block diagram; "2A" is a flow chart showing the method for displaying and alerting the status of the instant structure of the present invention; "2B" and "2C" are shown as the status display of the instant structure of the present invention. A detailed method flow chart for the early warning method.
本發明所揭露的即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統，其包含：多個偵測元件10、運算裝置20以及分析裝置30，運算裝置20更包含：結構物資料庫21、接收模組22、類比數位訊號轉換模組23、震動標準轉換模組24、三維影像數據計算模組25以及顯示模組26。The real-time structure state display and early warning system disclosed in the present invention comprises: a plurality of detecting components 10, an arithmetic device 20, and an analyzing device 30. The computing device 20 further includes: a structure database 21, a receiving module 22, and an analogy The digital signal conversion module 23, the vibration standard conversion module 24, the three-dimensional image data calculation module 25, and the display module 26.
偵測元件10被埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內，上述的結構物例如是房屋、工廠…等，在此僅為舉例說明之，並不以此侷限本發明的應用範疇，且偵測元件10所設置於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的位置可以是平均分配設置、分散分配設置或是視結構物分配設置，偵測元件10是用以偵測震動訊號，並傳送震動訊號，震動訊號為類比訊號（步驟110），值得注意的是，偵測元件10可以依據實際使用的需求，建置成無線感測網路（wireless sensor network，WSN）之物聯網（Internet-of-Thing ，IoT）系統。The detecting component 10 is embedded in a beam, a column or a wall of the structure, such as a house, a factory, etc., which is merely illustrative, and is not intended to limit the scope of application of the present invention, and The position of the detecting component 10 disposed in the beam, the column or the wall of the structure may be an average distribution setting, a distributed distribution setting or a visual structure distribution setting, and the detecting component 10 is configured to detect the vibration signal and transmit The vibration signal and the vibration signal are analog signals (step 110). It is worth noting that the detecting component 10 can be built into a wireless sensor network (WSN) Internet of Things (Internet-based according to actual needs). of-Thing, IoT) system.
運算裝置20可以是伺服器、電腦…等，在此僅為舉例說明之，並不以此侷限本發明的應用範疇，運算裝置20的結構物資料庫21預先儲存與建立結構物原始三維影像數據（步驟120），透過結構物的原始三維影像數據即可進行三維影像的顯示，結構物原始三維影像數據更包含依據結構物的使用建材材料的尺寸分別計算出的應變、阻抗…等亦儲存於結構物原始三維影像數據，例如結構物的使用建材材料的阻抗可藉由 所計算得到，上述 為使用建材材料的材料係數， 為使用建材材料的長度， 為使用建材材料的截面積，在此僅為舉例說明之，並不以此侷限本發明的應用範疇。 The computing device 20 can be a server, a computer, etc., and is merely illustrative here, and is not limited to the scope of application of the present invention. The structure database 21 of the computing device 20 pre-stores and reconstructs the original 3D image data of the structure. (Step 120), the 3D image can be displayed through the original 3D image data of the structure, and the original 3D image data of the structure further includes the strain, impedance, etc. calculated according to the size of the building material used by the structure, etc. The original 3D image data of the structure, such as the impedance of the building material used by the building material can be Calculated, above In order to use the material coefficient of building materials, To use the length of building materials, The cross-sectional area of the building material used is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of application of the present invention.
運算裝置20的接收模組22是透過無線傳輸方式與偵測元件10建立連線，上述無線傳輸方式包含：無線網路、ZigBee、RF傳輸、Wi-Fi、全球行動通訊系統（Global System for Mobile Communications，GSM）、通用封包無線服務技術（General Packet Radio Service，GPRS）、***（4th-generation，4G）與第五代（5th-generation，5G）行動通訊技術 、全球互通微波存取（Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access，WiMAX）…等，在此僅為舉例說明之，並不以此侷限本發明的應用範疇。The receiving module 22 of the computing device 20 is connected to the detecting component 10 through a wireless transmission method, and the wireless transmission method includes: a wireless network, a ZigBee, an RF transmission, a Wi-Fi, and a Global System for Mobile system. Communications, GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), 4th-generation (4G) and 5th-generation (5G) mobile communications technologies, global interoperability microwave access ( Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMAX), etc., is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of application of the present invention.
運算裝置20的接收模組22即可透過無線傳輸方式分別自偵測元件10接收類比的震動訊號（步驟130），接著，運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23即可將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號。The receiving module 22 of the computing device 20 can receive the analog vibration signal from the detecting component 10 through the wireless transmission mode (step 130), and then the analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the computing device 20 can compare the analog vibration signal. Convert to digital vibration signal.
如「第3A圖」以及「第3B圖」所示，「第3A圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的類比數位訊號轉換模組核心電路圖；「第3B圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的震動訊號示意圖。As shown in "3A" and "3B", "3A" shows the core circuit diagram of the analog digital signal conversion module for displaying and alerting the status of the instant structure of the present invention; "Fig. 3B" is shown as The schematic diagram of the vibration signal of the instant structure state display and the warning of the present invention.
運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23的核心互補式金屬氧化物半導體（Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor， CMOS）的設計如「第3A圖」所示。The design of the Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) of the analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the arithmetic unit 20 is as shown in FIG. 3A.
運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23，將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號（步驟140），運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23是先設定多個隨機的駐足時間點（time stamp）作為取樣依據（步驟141），駐足時間點之設定是可以被調整，或是駐足時間點之設定，是經由類比的震動訊號變化來決定駐足時間點，駐足時間點之間斜率變化稱為傾斜率ADC（Inclination Analog-Digital Converter，IADC），透過本發明上述對於運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23的設計可以達到精確獲取震動訊號之目的。The analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the computing device 20 converts the analog vibration signal into a digital vibration signal (step 140). The analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the computing device 20 first sets a plurality of random stop time points (time). Stamp) as the sampling basis (step 141), the setting of the stop time point can be adjusted, or the setting of the stop time point is determined by the analog vibration signal change to determine the stop time point, the slope change between the stop time points is called The Inclination Analog-Digital Converter (IADC) can achieve accurate acquisition of the vibration signal through the design of the analog digital signal conversion module 23 for the computing device 20 of the present invention.
在「第3B圖」中，是以四個不同類比的震動訊號，進行運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23的數位震動訊號，在第一個類比的震動訊號（即圖式中（a）的震動訊號），分別選定3個駐足時間點分別為 至 ，在第二個類比的震動訊號（即圖式中（b）的震動訊號），分別選定2個駐足時間點分別為 以及 ，在第三個類比的震動訊號（即圖式中（c）的震動訊號），分別選定2個駐足時間點分別為 以及 ，以及在第四個類比的震動訊號（即圖式中（d）的震動訊號），分別選定2個駐足時間點分別為 以及 。 In "3B", the digital vibration signal of the analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the computing device 20 is performed by four different analog vibration signals, in the first analog vibration signal (ie, in the figure (a) )), the three stop time points are respectively selected as to In the second analog vibration signal (ie, the vibration signal in (b) of the figure), the two stop time points are respectively selected as as well as In the third analog vibration signal (ie, the vibration signal in (c) of the figure), the two stop time points are respectively selected as as well as And in the fourth analog vibration signal (ie, the vibration signal of (d) in the figure), the two stop time points are respectively selected as as well as .
分別計算第一個駐足時間點 至第二個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值（步驟142）；計算第二個駐足時間點 至第三個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值（步驟142）；計算第四個駐足時間點 至第五個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值（步驟142）；計算第六個駐足時間點 至第七個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值（步驟142）；以及計算第八個駐足時間點 至第九個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值（步驟142）。 Calculate the first stop time point separately To the second stop time The vibration signal slope value and the vibration signal slope positive and negative values (step 142); calculate the second stop time point To the third stop time The vibration signal slope value and the vibration signal slope positive and negative values (step 142); calculate the fourth stop time point To the fifth stop time The vibration signal slope value and the vibration signal slope positive and negative values (step 142); calculate the sixth stop time point To the seventh stop time The vibration signal slope value and the vibration signal slope positive and negative values (step 142); and calculate the eighth stop time point To the ninth stop time The vibration signal slope value and the vibration signal slope are positive and negative (step 142).
第一個駐足時間點 至第二個駐足時間點 之間的時長大於預設時長，並且第一個駐足時間點 至第二個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值亦大於預設斜率值，此時依據第一個駐足時間點 至第二個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率正負值，將第一個駐足時間點 至第二個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器（time-shift register）以轉換為數位訊號（步驟143）。 First stop time To the second stop time The duration between the time is greater than the preset duration, and the first stop time To the second stop time The slope value of the vibration signal is also greater than the preset slope value, according to the first stop time point. To the second stop time The slope of the vibration signal is positive or negative, and will be the first stop time. To the second stop time The value of the shock signal slope is converted to a digital signal by a time-shift register (step 143).
第二個駐足時間點 至第三個駐足時間點 之間的時長大於預設時長，並且第二個駐足時間點 至第三個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值亦大於預設斜率值，此時依據第二個駐足時間點 至第三個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率正負值，將第二個駐足時間點 至第三個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器以轉換為數位訊號（步驟143）。 Second stop time To the third stop time The duration between the duration is greater than the preset duration, and the second pause time To the third stop time The slope value of the vibration signal is also greater than the preset slope value, according to the second stop time point. To the third stop time The slope of the vibration signal is positive or negative, and the second stop time point To the third stop time The value of the shock signal slope is converted to a digital signal by the time shift register (step 143).
第四個駐足時間點 至第五個駐足時間點 之間的時長小於預設時長，並且第四個駐足時間點 至第五個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值大於預設斜率值，此時依據第四個駐足時間點 至第五個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率正負值，將第四個駐足時間點 至第五個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器以轉換為數位訊號（步驟144）。 Fourth stop time To the fifth stop time The duration between them is less than the preset duration, and the fourth stop time To the fifth stop time The vibration signal slope value is greater than the preset slope value, according to the fourth stop time point To the fifth stop time The slope of the vibration signal is positive or negative, and the fourth stop time point will be To the fifth stop time The value of the shock signal slope is converted to a digital signal by the time shift register (step 144).
第六個駐足時間點 至第七個駐足時間點 的之間的時長小於預設時長，並且第六個駐足時間點 至第七個駐足時間點 的的震動訊號斜率值亦小於預設斜率值，此時即是將第六個駐足時間點 至第七個駐足時間點 的震動訊號，視為雜訊不進行類比數位訊號轉換（步驟145）。 Sixth stop time To the seventh stop time The duration between them is less than the preset duration, and the sixth stop time To the seventh stop time The slope value of the vibration signal is also less than the preset slope value, which is the sixth stop time point. To the seventh stop time The vibration signal is regarded as noise and the analog digital signal conversion is not performed (step 145).
第八個駐足時間點 至第九個駐足時間點 之間的時長大於預設時長，並且第八個駐足時間點 至第九個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值亦大於預設斜率值，此時依據第八個駐足時間點 至第九個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率正負值，將第八個駐足時間點 至第九個駐足時間點 的震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器以轉換為數位訊號（步驟143）。 Eighth stop time To the ninth stop time The duration between the duration is greater than the preset duration, and the eighth stoppage time To the ninth stop time The slope value of the vibration signal is also greater than the preset slope value, according to the eighth stop time point. To the ninth stop time The slope of the vibration signal is positive or negative, and the eighth stop time point To the ninth stop time The value of the shock signal slope is converted to a digital signal by the time shift register (step 143).
透過上述舉例說明，即可清楚說明運算裝置20的類比數位訊號轉換模組23，將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號的過程。Through the above description, the analog digital signal conversion module 23 of the computing device 20 can clearly explain the process of converting the analog vibration signal into a digital vibration signal.
接著，運算裝置20的震動標準轉換模組24，是將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值（步驟150），運算裝置20的震動標準轉換模組24，是先將數位震動訊號依據均方根速度（mean square speed）頻譜轉換為1/3八度倍頻寬的震動數值（步驟151）後，再透過下列計算公式：Next, the vibration standard conversion module 24 of the computing device 20 converts the digital vibration signal into a root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value through the frequency domain analysis (step 150), and the vibration standard conversion module 24 of the computing device 20 is The digital vibration signal is converted into a vibration value of 1/3 octave width according to the mean square speed spectrum (step 151), and then the following formula is calculated:
即可將1/3八度倍頻寬的震動數值轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值（步驟152）。The 1/3 octave octave vibration value can be converted to the rms velocity spectrum standard vibration value (step 152).
上述 即為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，上述 即為1/3八度倍頻寬的震動數值，上述 ， 為速度均方根之參考值，上述 即為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值。 Above That is, the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value, the above That is, the vibration value of 1/3 octave octave width, the above , For the RMS of the speed, the above That is the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value.
接著，運算裝置20的三維影像數據計算模組25，是於運算裝置20的結構物資料庫21中取出對應的結構物原始三維影像數據，並依據偵測元件10的設置位置透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，計算出偵測元件的設置位置的偏移位置，將偵測元件10的偏移位置與結構物原始三維影像數據進行位移計算後，以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據（步驟160）。Next, the three-dimensional image data calculation module 25 of the computing device 20 extracts the original 3D image data of the corresponding structure from the structure database 21 of the computing device 20, and transmits the root mean square velocity according to the set position of the detecting component 10. The spectral standard vibration value is calculated, the offset position of the detection component is calculated, and the offset position of the detecting component 10 and the original 3D image data of the structure are calculated and calculated to calculate the structural vibration 3D image data (step 160).
接著，運算裝置20的顯示模組26，即可依據結構物震動三維影像數據對結構物，進行三維影像的顯示（步驟170），如「第4A圖」以及「第4B圖」所示，「第4A圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的原始結構物三維示意圖；「第4B圖」繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的受到震動後結構物三維示意圖，由「第4A圖」以及「第4B圖」可以明顯看出結構物受到震動後結構物的受損情況。Then, the display module 26 of the computing device 20 can display the three-dimensional image on the structure according to the structure vibration three-dimensional image data (step 170), as shown in "4A" and "4B", Figure 4A is a three-dimensional view of the original structure of the instant structure display and warning of the present invention; "Block 4B" is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the instant structure of the present invention after being subjected to vibration, "4A" and "4B" can clearly show the damage of the structure after the structure is shaken.
在此同時，分析裝置30與運算裝置20，可透過有線傳輸方式或時無線傳輸方式建立連線，上述有線傳輸方式包含銅軸電纜網路、光纖網路…等，上述無線傳輸方式包含無線網路、ZigBee、Wi-Fi、全球行動通訊系統、通用封包無線服務技術、***與第五代行動通訊技術 、全球互通微波存取…等，在此僅為舉例說明之，並不以此侷限本發明的應用範疇，以自運算裝置20接收數位震動訊號，分析裝置30分別透過HDFS（Hadoop Distributed File System）分散式演算以及YARN（Apache Hadoop Next-Gen MapReduce）的統計分析，以分析出結構物的分析結果並加以顯示，並當分析結果超過預設分析結果時，分析裝置30會進一步發出警示（步驟180），分析裝置30是透過音效、語音、燈號以及分析結果的顯示效果的組合以發出警示。At the same time, the analyzing device 30 and the computing device 20 can establish a connection through a wired transmission method or a wireless transmission method, and the wired transmission method includes a copper shaft cable network, a fiber network, etc., and the wireless transmission method includes a wireless network. Road, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Global System of Mobile Communications, General Packet Radio Service Technology, 4th and 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technologies, Global Interoperability for Microwave Access, etc., are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be Limiting the application of the present invention, the digital vibration signal is received by the self-calculating device 20, and the analyzing device 30 analyzes the structure through the HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) distributed calculus and the statistical analysis of YARN (Apache Hadoop Next-Gen MapReduce). The analysis result of the object is displayed and displayed, and when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result, the analysis device 30 further issues a warning (step 180), and the analysis device 30 is a combination of the display effect of the sound effect, the voice, the light number, and the analysis result. To issue a warning.
綜上所述，可知本發明是透過埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的偵測元件偵測類比的震動訊號與傳送類比的震動訊號，運算裝置將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號，將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，以依據結構物原始三維影像數據以及偵測元件的設置位置，透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值進行計算，以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據並加以顯示，分析裝置透過統計分析，以分析出結構物的分析結果並顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示。In summary, the present invention detects an analog vibration signal and a transmission analog signal through a detecting element embedded in a beam, a column or a wall of a structure, and the arithmetic device converts the analog vibration signal into a digital vibration. The signal is converted into a root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value by frequency domain analysis, and is calculated by using the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value according to the original 3D image data of the structure and the set position of the detecting component. The three-dimensional image data of the structure vibration is calculated and displayed, and the analysis device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through statistical analysis and displays that the warning is issued when the analysis result exceeds the preset analysis result.
藉由此一技術手段可以來解決先前技術所存在結構物缺乏有效、長期且即時監控的問題，進而達成提供結構物有效、長期且即時監控的技術功效。By this technical means, the problem of the lack of effective, long-term and immediate monitoring of the structures existing in the prior art can be solved, thereby achieving the technical effect of providing effective, long-term and immediate monitoring of the structure.
雖然本發明所揭露的實施方式如上，惟所述的內容並非用以直接限定本發明的專利保護範圍。任何本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明所揭露的精神和範圍的前提下，可以在實施的形式上及細節上作些許的更動。本發明的專利保護範圍，仍須以所附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
10‧‧‧偵測元件
20‧‧‧運算裝置
21‧‧‧結構物資料庫
22‧‧‧接收模組
23‧‧‧類比數位訊號轉換模組
24‧‧‧震動標準轉換模組
25‧‧‧三維影像數據計算模組
26‧‧‧顯示模組
30‧‧‧分析裝置
步驟 110‧‧‧提供埋設於結構物的樑、柱或是牆壁內的多個偵測元件，偵測元件用以偵測震動訊號，並傳送震動訊號，震動訊號為類比訊號
步驟 120‧‧‧提供運算裝置，運算裝置的結構物資料庫儲存有結構物原始三維影像數據
步驟 130‧‧‧運算裝置的接收模組，分別自偵測元件接收震動訊號
步驟 140‧‧‧運算裝置的類比數位訊號轉換模組，將類比的震動訊號轉換為數位震動訊號
步驟 141‧‧‧於震動訊號中隨機設定多個駐足時間點
步驟 142‧‧‧計算駐足時間點至下一個駐足時間點的震動訊號斜率值與震動訊號斜率正負值
步驟 143‧‧‧當駐足時間點至下一個駐足時間點的時長，大於預設時長且震動訊號斜率值大於預設斜率值時，依據震動訊號斜率正負值將震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器以轉換為數位訊號
步驟 144‧‧‧當駐足時間點至下一個駐足時間點的時長，小於預設時長且震動訊號斜率值大於預設斜率值時，依據震動訊號斜率正負值將震動訊號斜率值，透過時移暫存器以轉換為數位訊號
步驟 145‧‧‧當駐足時間點至下一個駐足時間點的時長，小於預設時長且震動訊號斜率值小於預設斜率值時，則將駐足時間點至下一個駐足時間點的震動訊號，視為雜訊不進行類比數位訊號轉換
步驟 150‧‧‧運算裝置的震動標準轉換模組，將數位震動訊號透過頻域分析轉換為均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值
步驟 151‧‧‧數位震動訊號先依據均方根速度頻譜轉換為1/3八度倍頻寬的震動數值
步驟 152‧‧‧透過公式將計算後的1/3八度倍頻寬的震動數值，轉換為所述均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值
步驟 160‧‧‧運算裝置的三維影像數據計算模組，於結構物資料庫中取出對應的結構物原始三維影像數據，並依據偵測元件的設置位置，透過均方根速度頻譜標準震動數值，進行計算以計算出結構物震動三維影像數據
步驟 170‧‧‧運算裝置的顯示模組依據結構物震動三維影像數據對結構物進行三維影像的顯示
步驟 180‧‧‧提供分析裝置，分析裝置與運算裝置建立連線，以自運算裝置接收數位震動訊號，運算裝置透過統計分析以分析出結構物的分析結果並加以顯示，當分析結果超過預設分析結果時以發出警示10‧‧‧Detecting components
20‧‧‧ arithmetic device
21‧‧‧Structural database
22‧‧‧ receiving module
23‧‧‧ Analog Digital Signal Conversion Module
24‧‧‧Vibration standard conversion module
25‧‧‧3D image data calculation module
26‧‧‧Display module
30‧‧‧Analytical device step 110‧‧‧ Provides multiple detection elements embedded in beams, columns or walls of the structure. The detection elements are used to detect vibration signals and transmit vibration signals. The vibration signals are analogous. Signal step 120‧‧‧ provides an arithmetic device, the structure library of the computing device stores the original 3D image data of the structure. Step 130‧‧‧ Receiver module of the computing device, respectively receiving the vibration signal from the detecting component Step 140‧‧ The analog digital signal conversion module of the computing device converts the analog vibration signal into a digital vibration signal. Step 141‧‧ Randomly set a plurality of stop time points in the vibration signal. Step 142‧‧‧ Calculate the stop time to the next stop time The slope signal value of the point and the slope of the vibration signal are positive and negative. Step 143‧‧‧ When the time from the stop time to the next stop time is greater than the preset duration and the slope value of the vibration signal is greater than the preset slope value, according to the vibration The positive and negative value of the signal slope will shake the signal slope value through the time shift register to convert to a digital signal. Step 144‧‧‧ When the stop time When the duration of the next stop time is less than the preset duration and the slope value of the vibration signal is greater than the preset slope value, the slope value of the vibration signal is converted to a digital signal by the time shift register according to the positive and negative values of the slope of the vibration signal. 145‧‧‧When the duration of the stop time to the next stop time is less than the preset duration and the slope of the vibration signal is less than the preset slope value, the vibration signal will be stopped from the time point to the next stop time. As a noise, no analog digital signal conversion step 150‧‧‧Aviation standard conversion module of the computing device is used to convert the digital vibration signal into the rms velocity spectrum standard vibration value through the frequency domain analysis. Step 151‧‧‧ Digital vibration signal Firstly, according to the root mean square velocity spectrum, the vibration value is converted to 1/3 octave octave width. Step 152‧‧‧ Convert the calculated vibration value of 1/3 octave octave width into the root mean square through the formula Speed spectrum standard vibration value step 160‧‧‧3D image data calculation module of the computing device, the original 3D image data of the corresponding structure is taken out in the structure database, and According to the set position of the detecting component, the calculation is performed through the root mean square velocity spectrum standard vibration value to calculate the structural vibration three-dimensional image data. Step 170‧‧‧ The display module of the computing device is based on the structure vibration three-dimensional image data on the structure Performing a three-dimensional image display step 180‧‧‧ Providing an analysis device, the analysis device and the arithmetic device are connected to each other, and the digital vibration signal is received from the arithmetic device, and the arithmetic device analyzes the analysis result of the structure through statistical analysis and displays Alert when the analysis results exceed the preset analysis results
第1圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警系統的系統方塊圖。 第2A圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警方法的方法流程圖。 第2B圖以及第2C圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警方法的細部方法流程圖。 第3A圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的類比數位訊號轉換模組核心電路圖。 第3B圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的震動訊號示意圖。 第4A圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的原始結構物三維示意圖。 第4B圖繪示為本發明即時結構物狀態顯示與預警的受到震動後結構物三維示意圖。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the system of the instant structure state display and early warning system of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a flow chart showing a method for displaying and warning the state of the instant structure of the present invention. FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C are flowcharts showing a detailed method of displaying and alerting the state of the instant structure of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a core circuit diagram of an analog digital signal conversion module for displaying and warning the status of the instant structure of the present invention. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the vibration signal of the state display and early warning of the instant structure of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a three-dimensional diagram showing the original structure of the instant structure state display and early warning of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a three-dimensional diagram showing the structure of the structure and the warning of the instant structure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| US4164149A (en) * | 1978-05-09 | 1979-08-14 | Shigeo Okubo | Method and system for monitoring the angular deformation of structural elements |
| US5255565A (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-10-26 | Vibra-Metrics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring multiple points on a vibrating structure |
| US20050165588A1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-07-28 | California Institute Of Technology | Extreme event performance evaluation using real-time hysteresis monitoring |
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