TWI612406B - Solar tracking device and tracking method thereof - Google Patents
Solar tracking device and tracking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明係一種太陽感測裝置，用以偵測太陽光線的照射方向。其殼體受位移機構控制位移。局部光遮蔽組件設於殼體，太陽光線照射局部光遮蔽組件的一側。光感測器設於殼體且位於局部光遮蔽組件的另一側，光感測器接收感測太陽光線，局部光遮蔽組件遮蔽部分太陽光線而於光感測器上形成一遮蔽陰暗區域，此遮蔽陰暗區域隨照射方向位移而偏移，令光感測器輸出電壓誤差信號。控制處理器電性連接光感測器並依據電壓誤差信號控制殼體位移，藉以令遮蔽陰暗區域位於光感測器之中央。藉此，利用黑點遮光方式來檢測光線方向，其構造簡單且精確度高。 The invention relates to a solar sensing device, which is used to detect the irradiation direction of solar rays. Its casing is controlled by a displacement mechanism for displacement. The local light shielding component is disposed on the casing, and the sunlight illuminates one side of the local light shielding component. The light sensor is disposed on the housing and is located on the other side of the partial light shielding component. The light sensor receives the sensed solar light. The partial light shielding component shields part of the solar light and forms a shadowy area on the light sensor. This shaded dark area shifts with the displacement of the irradiation direction, so that the light sensor outputs a voltage error signal. The control processor is electrically connected to the light sensor and controls the displacement of the casing according to the voltage error signal, so that the shaded area is located in the center of the light sensor. Thereby, the direction of the light is detected using the black point shading method, which has a simple structure and high accuracy.
Description
本發明是關於一種太陽感測裝置及其感測方法，特別是關於一種利用遮光方式實現光線追蹤的太陽感測裝置及其感測方法。 The invention relates to a sun sensing device and a sensing method thereof, and in particular to a sun sensing device and a sensing method for implementing light tracing by using a shading method.
自古以來，人們對外太空總有許多想像，並認為天體之運行將會影響個人乃至於國家的運勢走向，因此天文學、天象學一直以來都是一門重要的學問。然而，研究天文學、天象學的基本功課就在於長時間觀察、追蹤每日的天體所在位置，之後才能將所觀測、追蹤與量測到的天體位置與時間、節氣之間的關係進行紀錄與分析，藉以歸納一年四季之天文現象的變化。一般在觀察天體時，最常使用到的裝置就是望遠鏡。而為了能有效觀察並追蹤太陽的狀態，許多各式各樣的太陽感測裝置結合望遠鏡被相繼提出，其用以對太陽進行即時且精確地追蹤及對位。 Since ancient times, people always have many imaginations in outer space, and think that the operation of celestial bodies will affect the fortunes of individuals and even the country. Therefore, astronomy and astrology have always been an important science. However, the basic task of studying astronomy and astrology is to observe and track the position of daily celestial bodies for a long time, and then to record and analyze the relationship between the observed, tracked and measured celestial body positions, time, and solar terms. To summarize the changes in astronomical phenomena throughout the year. When observing celestial bodies, the most commonly used device is a telescope. In order to effectively observe and track the state of the sun, many various sun sensing devices have been proposed in combination with telescopes, which are used to track and position the sun instantly and accurately.
目前有一種習知技術，其藉由太陽感測裝置的反射光之光軸上設置太陽光之追蹤導軌，且於追蹤導軌之導軌軸之同軸上安裝光學望遠鏡，使用光學望遠鏡以目測確認反 射光之照射方向之後，以使照射方向位於適當之位置之方式修正上述追蹤導軌之導軌軸之方向，藉此修正太陽感測裝置之方向。然而，使用太陽感測裝置將太陽光的反射光來聚光時，由於通常使用多個太陽感測裝置，故需要分別將各太陽感測裝置的反射光之照射方向藉由光學望遠鏡目測確認，因而導致在進行追蹤導軌之調整過程中需要龐大之勞動力，而且由於依存於人為的目測，因此其感測裝置的精度往往不足。 At present, there is a conventional technology in which a tracking track for sunlight is set on the optical axis of the reflected light of the solar sensing device, and an optical telescope is installed on the coaxial axis of the tracking axis of the tracking guide. After the irradiation direction of the light, the direction of the guide shaft of the tracking guide is corrected so that the irradiation direction is located at an appropriate position, thereby correcting the direction of the solar sensing device. However, when a solar sensing device is used to condense the reflected light of sunlight, since a plurality of solar sensing devices are usually used, it is necessary to confirm the irradiation direction of the reflected light of each solar sensing device by visual inspection with an optical telescope. As a result, a huge labor force is required in the process of adjusting the tracking guide, and because of relying on human visual inspection, the accuracy of the sensing device is often insufficient.
另外有一種習知技術，其係利用太陽感測裝置直接偵測太陽光線的照射方向變化，並透過光束照射方式來感測照射位置之差異。然而，此種太陽感測裝置容易受到其他光線之干擾，例如：太陽光線的漫射光、反射光或折射光以及周遭之其他環境光線，因此其精度亦不足且不穩定。 In addition, there is a conventional technique that uses a solar sensing device to directly detect a change in the irradiation direction of the solar light, and senses the difference in the irradiation position through a beam irradiation method. However, such a solar sensing device is susceptible to interference from other lights, such as diffuse, reflected or refracted light of the sun's rays, and other ambient light around it, so its accuracy is also insufficient and unstable.
由上述可知，目前市場上缺乏一種構造簡單、低成本、可即時追蹤且精確度高的太陽感測裝置及其感測方法，故相關業者均在尋求其解決之道。 It can be known from the foregoing that currently there is a lack of a simple, low cost, instantaneous tracking and high accuracy solar sensing device and its sensing method on the market. Therefore, relevant industry players are seeking their solutions.
因此，本發明之目的在於提供一種太陽感測裝置及其感測方法，其利用光遮蔽件之黑點遮光方式以遮斷太陽光線而產生陰影及偏向的效果，並透過光電二極體彼此之間的電壓不平衡來實現調整位移，讓太陽感測裝置可以即時且精準地對正太陽光線。此外，本發明不但可以用來精確檢測 太陽光線的照射方向，其構造亦較為簡單且成本低廉，可以解決習知技術之高複雜度結構以及精確度低的問題。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sun sensing device and a sensing method thereof, which use the black point shading method of a light shielding member to block the sun's rays to produce shadows and deflection effects. The voltage is not balanced between the two to adjust the displacement, so that the sun sensing device can directly and accurately align the sun's rays. In addition, the invention can not only be used for accurate detection The direction of the sun's rays is simpler and cheaper, which can solve the problems of high complexity structure and low accuracy of the conventional technology.
依據本發明一態樣之一實施方式提供一種太陽感測裝置，其用以偵測一太陽光線之一照射方向，此太陽感測裝置包含一殼體、一局部光遮蔽組件、一光感測器以及一控制處理器。其中殼體具有一位移機構以受控位移。局部光遮蔽組件設於殼體，太陽光線照射局部光遮蔽組件的一側。另外，光感測器設於殼體上且位於局部光遮蔽組件的另一側。此光感測器接收感測太陽光線，局部光遮蔽組件遮蔽部分太陽光線而於光感測器上形成一遮蔽陰暗區域。此遮蔽陰暗區域會隨照射方向位移而偏移，令光感測器輸出一電壓誤差信號。再者，控制處理器電性連接光感測器，控制處理器依據電壓誤差信號來控制殼體的位移，藉以令光感測器之中心與局部光遮蔽組件之中心的連線平行於太陽光線的照射方向。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a solar sensing device is provided for detecting an irradiation direction of a solar ray. The solar sensing device includes a housing, a local light shielding component, and a light sensing device. And a control processor. The housing has a displacement mechanism for controlled displacement. The local light shielding component is disposed on the casing, and the sunlight illuminates one side of the local light shielding component. In addition, the light sensor is disposed on the casing and located on the other side of the local light shielding component. The light sensor receives the sensed solar light, and the partial light shielding component shields a part of the sun light to form a shaded area on the light sensor. This shaded dark area will shift with the displacement of the irradiation direction, so that the light sensor outputs a voltage error signal. Furthermore, the control processor is electrically connected to the light sensor, and the control processor controls the displacement of the housing according to the voltage error signal, so that the connection between the center of the light sensor and the center of the local light shielding component is parallel to the sun light Direction of irradiation.
藉此，利用光遮蔽件之黑點遮光方式來遮斷太陽光線，進而產生陰影及偏向的效果，同時透過光電二極體彼此之間的電壓不平衡來實現調整位移，讓太陽感測裝置可以即時且精準地對正太陽光線。另外，本發明不但可以用來精確檢測太陽光線的照射方向，其構造亦較為簡單且成本低廉。 In this way, the black point shading method of the light shielding member is used to block the sun's rays, thereby producing the effects of shadow and deflection. At the same time, the voltage displacement between the photodiodes is used to adjust the displacement, so that the sun sensing device can Directly and precisely aim the sun's rays. In addition, the present invention can not only be used to accurately detect the irradiation direction of solar rays, but also has a simple structure and low cost.
前述實施方式之其他實施例如下：前述局部光遮蔽組件可包含一透明件與一光遮蔽件。其中透明件具有一嵌槽，此嵌槽位於透明件之中央。光遮蔽件則嵌入嵌槽內而定位於透明件上。前述局部光遮蔽組件可包含一透明件與一光
遮蔽件。其中透明件具有一定位穿孔，此定位穿孔位於透明件之中央且貫穿透明件。光遮蔽件設置於定位穿孔中而定位於透明件上。此外，前述光感測器可包含一四象限光電二極體陣列與電路板，其中四象限光電二極體陣列包含第一象限光電二極體、第二象限光電二極體、第三象限光電二極體以及第四象限光電二極體。第一象限光電二極體、第二象限光電二極體、第三象限光電二極體及第四象限光電二極體分別位於第一象限位置、第二象限位置、第三象限位置以及第四象限位置上。第一象限位置、第二象限位置、第三象限位置及第四象限位置係由一X軸方向與一Y軸方向劃分而形成。再者，遮蔽陰暗區域包含第一象限遮蔽子區域、第二象限遮蔽子區域、第三象限遮蔽子區域以及第四象限遮蔽子區域。第一象限遮蔽子區域局部覆蓋第一象限光電二極體，令第一象限光電二極體轉換產生一第一象限電壓；第二象限遮蔽子區域局部覆蓋第二象限光電二極體，令第二象限光電二極體轉換產生一第二象限電壓；第三象限遮蔽子區域局部覆蓋三象限光電二極體，令第三象限光電二極體轉換產生一第三象限電壓；第四象限遮蔽子區域局部覆蓋第四象限光電二極體，令第四象限光電二極體轉換產生一第四象限電壓。至於電路板則電性連接四象限光電二極體陣列，此電路板提供一逆向偏壓於第一象限光電二極體、第二象限光電二極體、第三象限光電二極體以及第四象限光電二極體上，且電路板依據第一象限電壓、第二象限電壓、第三象限電壓及第四象限電壓產生輸出電壓誤差信號。另外，前述電路板可具有一電
壓組合函數，此電壓組合函數包含電壓誤差信號、第一象限電壓、第二象限電壓、第三象限電壓及第四象限電壓。其中電壓誤差信號包含一X軸方向誤差信號與一Y軸方向誤差信號，X軸方向誤差信號表示為u x ，Y軸方向誤差信號表示為u y ，第一象限電壓表示為u 1 ，第二象限電壓表示為u 2 ，第三象限電壓表示為u 3 ，第四象限電壓表示為u 4 。電壓組合函數符合下式：
此外，當前述X軸方向誤差信號與Y軸方向誤差信號均為零時，第一象限遮蔽子區域、第二象限遮蔽子區域、第三象限遮蔽子區域以及第四象限遮蔽子區域的面積均相同。前述遮蔽陰暗區域的形狀可對應光遮蔽件的形狀。遮蔽陰暗區域的面積小於光感測器的面積，且遮蔽陰暗區域的面積大於第一象限遮蔽子區域、第二象限遮蔽子區域、第三象限遮蔽子區域及第四象限遮蔽子區域的面積總和。前述局部光遮蔽組件與光感測器可相隔一間距，光感測器具有一偵測角度與一靈敏度，此偵測角度與靈敏度會隨間距變化而改變。再者，前述太陽感測裝置可包含一遮擋件，此遮擋件具有一穿孔與一高度。遮擋件設於局部光遮蔽組件與光感測器之間，且穿孔的位置與形狀分別對應光感測器的位置與形狀。 In addition, when the foregoing error signals in the X-axis direction and the error signals in the Y-axis direction are both zero, the areas of the first quadrant masking subregion, the second quadrant masking subregion, the third quadrant masking subregion, and the fourth quadrant masking subregion are all the same. The shape of the aforementioned shading area may correspond to the shape of the light shielding member. The area of the shaded area is smaller than the area of the light sensor, and the area of the shaded area is greater than the sum of the areas of the first quadrant masked subregion, the second quadrant masked subregion, the third quadrant masked subregion, and the fourth quadrant masked subregion. . The aforementioned partial light shielding component and the light sensor may be spaced apart from each other. The light sensor has a detection angle and a sensitivity, and the detection angle and sensitivity may change as the distance changes. Furthermore, the aforementioned sun sensing device may include a shielding member, the shielding member having a perforation and a height. The shielding member is disposed between the local light shielding component and the light sensor, and the position and shape of the perforation correspond to the position and shape of the light sensor, respectively.
依據本發明另一態樣之一實施方式提供一種太陽感測裝置之感測方法，其用以偵測一太陽光線之一照射方向，此太陽感測裝置之感測方法包含一光遮蔽步驟與一信號轉換步驟。其中光遮蔽步驟係利用局部光遮蔽組件遮蔽部分太陽光線而於光感測器上形成一遮蔽陰暗區域。而信號轉換步驟則是利用光感測器輸出一電壓誤差信號，此電壓誤差信號對應遮蔽陰暗區域的偏移量，且偏移量係由局部光遮蔽組件、照射方向以及光感測器之相對位置決定。 According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a sensing method of a solar sensing device, which is used to detect an irradiation direction of a solar ray. The sensing method of the solar sensing device includes a light shielding step and A signal conversion step. The light-shielding step uses a local light-shielding component to shield part of the sun's rays to form a shaded area on the light sensor. The signal conversion step is to use a light sensor to output a voltage error signal. This voltage error signal corresponds to the offset of the shadow area, and the offset is determined by the relative light shielding component, the irradiation direction and the relative of the light sensor. Location decision.
藉此，透過光遮蔽件之黑點遮光方式來遮斷太陽光線，使其產生陰影及偏向的效果，並透過光電二極體彼此之間的電壓不平衡來實現調整位移，讓太陽感測裝置可以即時且精準地對正太陽光線。另外，本發明的結構可排除因環境光線所產生的干擾信號，能讓照射方向的檢測更為精確，而且其構造較為簡單且成本低廉。 In this way, the black point of the light shielding member is used to block the sun's rays, so that it can produce shadows and deflection effects, and adjust the displacement through the voltage imbalance between the photodiodes to allow the sun sensing device Directly and precisely aim the sun's rays. In addition, the structure of the present invention can eliminate interference signals generated by ambient light, can make the detection of the irradiation direction more accurate, and its structure is relatively simple and low in cost.
前述實施方式之其他實施例如下：前述太陽感測裝置之感測方法可包含一控制位移步驟，其係利用一控制處理器依據電壓誤差信號來控制殼體之位移機構的作動位移，藉以令光感測器之中心與局部光遮蔽組件之中心的連線平行於照射方向。前述太陽感測裝置之感測方法可包含一調整間距步驟，其係調整局部光遮蔽組件與光感測器之間的一間距，藉以令光感測器之一偵測角度與一靈敏度產生變化。前述太陽感測裝置之感測方法可包含一遮擋干擾步驟，其係將具有穿孔之遮擋件設置於局部光遮蔽組件與光感測器之間，藉以遮擋光感測器所接收的太陽光線之漫射光、反射光或折
射光。此外，前述信號轉換步驟可包含一電壓組合函數，此電壓組合函數包含電壓誤差信號、第一象限電壓、第二象限電壓、第三象限電壓以及第四象限電壓。電壓誤差信號包含一X軸方向誤差信號與一Y軸方向誤差信號，其中X軸方向誤差信號表示為u x ，Y軸方向誤差信號表示為u y ，第一象限電壓表示為u 1 ，第二象限電壓表示為u 2 ，第三象限電壓表示為u 3 ，第四象限電壓表示為u 4 。電壓組合函數符合下式：
100、100a‧‧‧太陽感測裝置 100, 100a‧‧‧ sun sensing device
110‧‧‧太陽光線 110‧‧‧ sun rays
120‧‧‧照射方向 120‧‧‧ Irradiation direction
200‧‧‧殼體 200‧‧‧shell
210‧‧‧第一空間 210‧‧‧First Space
220‧‧‧第二空間 220‧‧‧Second Space
230‧‧‧開口 230‧‧‧ opening
240‧‧‧導線穿孔 240‧‧‧ wire perforation
300‧‧‧局部光遮蔽組件 300‧‧‧Partial light shielding component
R1‧‧‧第一直徑 R1‧‧‧first diameter
R2‧‧‧第二直徑 R2‧‧‧second diameter
R3‧‧‧第三直徑 R3‧‧‧ third diameter
D1、D2‧‧‧高度 D1, D2‧‧‧height
B‧‧‧遮蔽陰暗區域 B‧‧‧ shades dark areas
B1‧‧‧第一象限遮蔽子區域 B1‧‧‧ the first quadrant obscures the subarea
B2‧‧‧第二象限遮蔽子區域 B2‧‧‧ the second quadrant obscures the subarea
B3‧‧‧第三象限遮蔽子區域 B3‧‧‧ The third quadrant obscures the sub-area
B4‧‧‧第四象限遮蔽子區域 B4‧‧‧ The fourth quadrant covers the sub-area
310‧‧‧透明件 310‧‧‧Transparent
312‧‧‧定位穿孔 312‧‧‧ positioning perforation
320‧‧‧光遮蔽件 320‧‧‧light shield
400‧‧‧遮擋件 400‧‧‧ Cover
410‧‧‧穿孔 410‧‧‧perforation
500‧‧‧光感測器 500‧‧‧light sensor
510‧‧‧四象限光電二極體陣列 510‧‧‧Four-quadrant photodiode array
510a‧‧‧第一象限光電二極體 510a‧‧‧First Quadrant Photodiode
510b‧‧‧第二象限光電二極體 510b‧‧‧Second Quadrant Photodiode
510c‧‧‧第三象限光電二極體 510c‧‧‧Three quadrant photodiode
510d‧‧‧第四象限光電二極體 510d‧‧quadrant quadrant photodiode
520‧‧‧電路板 520‧‧‧Circuit Board
530‧‧‧導線 530‧‧‧Wire
600‧‧‧控制處理器 600‧‧‧control processor
700‧‧‧位移機構 700‧‧‧ Displacement mechanism
800‧‧‧望遠鏡 800‧‧‧ Telescope
900、900a‧‧‧太陽感測裝置之感測方法 900, 900a‧‧‧ Sensing method of solar sensing device
u 1 ‧‧‧第一象限電壓 u 1 ‧‧‧ the first quadrant voltage
u 2 ‧‧‧第二象限電壓 u 2 ‧‧‧ second quadrant voltage
u 3 ‧‧‧第三象限電壓 u 3 ‧‧‧ third quadrant voltage
u 4 ‧‧‧第四象限電壓 u 4 ‧‧‧ fourth quadrant voltage
u x ‧‧‧X軸方向誤差信號 u x ‧‧‧X-axis direction error signal
u y ‧‧‧Y軸方向誤差信號 u y ‧‧‧Y-axis direction error signal
S11‧‧‧光遮蔽步驟 S11‧‧‧Light shielding step
S12‧‧‧信號轉換步驟 S12‧‧‧Signal conversion steps
S21‧‧‧調整間距步驟 S21‧‧‧Steps for adjusting pitch
S22‧‧‧遮擋干擾步驟 S22‧‧‧ Blocking interference steps
S23‧‧‧光遮蔽步驟 S23‧‧‧Light shielding step
S24‧‧‧信號轉換步驟 S24‧‧‧Signal conversion steps
S25‧‧‧控制位移步驟 S25‧‧‧Control displacement steps
第1圖係繪示本發明一實施例之太陽感測裝置的立體示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sun sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖係繪示第1圖之太陽感測裝置的分解圖。 FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the solar sensing device of FIG. 1.
第3圖係繪示第1圖之太陽感測裝置的剖視圖。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the solar sensing device of FIG. 1.
第4圖係繪示第1圖之太陽光線照射局部光遮蔽組件與光感測器的示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a local light shielding component and a light sensor irradiated by the solar rays of FIG. 1.
第5A圖係繪示第4圖之遮蔽陰暗區域位於四象限光電二極體陣列中央的示意圖。 FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing that the shaded area in FIG. 4 is located in the center of the four-quadrant photodiode array.
第5B圖係繪示第4圖之遮蔽陰暗區域相對於四象限光電二極體陣列中央往下偏移的示意圖。 FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing that the shaded area in FIG. 4 is shifted downward with respect to the center of the four-quadrant photodiode array.
第6圖係繪示本發明一實施例之太陽感測裝置結合望遠鏡的立體示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a sun sensing device combined with a telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖係繪示本發明一實施例的太陽感測裝置之感測方法的流程示意圖。 FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method of a solar sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第8圖係繪示本發明另一實施例的太陽感測裝置之感測方法的流程示意圖。 FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method of a solar sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
第9圖係繪示本發明另一實施例之太陽感測裝置的立體示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a sun sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
以下將參照圖式說明本發明之複數個實施例。為明確說明起見，許多實務上的細節將在以下敘述中一併說明。然而，應瞭解到，這些實務上的細節不應用以限制本發明。也就是說，在本發明部分實施例中，這些實務上的細節是非必要的。此外，為簡化圖式起見，一些習知慣用的結構與元件在圖式中將以簡單示意的方式繪示之；並且重複之元件將可能使用相同的編號表示之。 Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be explained in the following description. It should be understood, however, that these practical details should not be used to limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are unnecessary. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and components will be shown in the drawings in a simple and schematic manner; and repeated components may be represented by the same number.
請一併參閱第1~3及6圖。第1圖係繪示本發明一實施例之太陽感測裝置100的立體示意圖。第2圖係繪示第1圖之太陽感測裝置100的分解圖。第3圖係繪示第1圖之太陽感測裝置100的剖視圖。第6圖係繪示本發明一實施例之太陽感測裝置100結合望遠鏡800的立體示意圖。如圖所示，太陽感測裝置100用以偵測太陽光線110之照射方向120，並設於望遠鏡800上。望遠鏡800連接位移機構 700且受位移機構700控制位移，而本發明之太陽感測裝置100結合望遠鏡800可以對太陽進行即時且精確地追蹤以及對位，而且能讓使用者透過望遠鏡800觀察太陽正對的狀態。其中太陽感測裝置100包含殼體200、局部光遮蔽組件300、遮擋件400、光感測器500以及控制處理器600。 Please refer to Figures 1 ~ 3 and 6 together. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sun sensing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the solar sensing device 100 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the solar sensing device 100 of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a solar sensing device 100 combined with a telescope 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the solar sensing device 100 is used to detect the irradiation direction 120 of the solar light 110 and is disposed on the telescope 800. Telescope 800 connected displacement mechanism 700 and the displacement is controlled by the displacement mechanism 700. The sun sensing device 100 of the present invention combined with the telescope 800 can track and position the sun instantly and accurately, and allows the user to observe the state of the sun directly through the telescope 800. The sun sensing device 100 includes a housing 200, a local light shielding assembly 300, a shielding member 400, a light sensor 500, and a control processor 600.
殼體200受位移機構700控制位移。詳細地說，殼體200連接望遠鏡800。殼體200具有第一空間210、第二空間220、開口230以及導線穿孔240。第一空間210銜接第二空間220，第一空間210與第二空間220分別具有第一直徑R1與第二直徑R2，且第一直徑R1大於第二直徑R2。開口230朝向太陽，而且開口230與望遠鏡800的鏡頭朝同一方向。由於殼體200係連接於望遠鏡800上，且望遠鏡800受位移機構700控制位移，因此殼體200亦可間接地受位移機構700控制位移而改變方向。此外，開口230與導線穿孔240分別位於殼體200的相對兩端。導線穿孔240用以穿設光感測器500的導線530。本實施例之殼體200呈中空圓柱體，可以相當方便地裝設局部光遮蔽組件300、遮擋件400以及光感測器500。 The housing 200 is controlled for displacement by a displacement mechanism 700. In detail, the case 200 is connected to the telescope 800. The housing 200 has a first space 210, a second space 220, an opening 230, and a lead hole 240. The first space 210 is connected to the second space 220. The first space 210 and the second space 220 have a first diameter R1 and a second diameter R2, respectively, and the first diameter R1 is larger than the second diameter R2. The opening 230 faces the sun, and the opening 230 faces the same direction as the lens of the telescope 800. Since the housing 200 is connected to the telescope 800 and the telescope 800 is controlled by the displacement mechanism 700 for displacement, the housing 200 can also be indirectly controlled by the displacement mechanism 700 to change displacement and change direction. In addition, the opening 230 and the wire perforation 240 are respectively located at opposite ends of the housing 200. The lead hole 240 is used to pass through the lead 530 of the light sensor 500. The housing 200 of this embodiment is a hollow cylinder, and the local light shielding assembly 300, the shielding member 400, and the light sensor 500 can be conveniently installed.
局部光遮蔽組件300設於殼體200內，且位於第一空間210內，太陽光線110照射局部光遮蔽組件300的一側。詳細地說，局部光遮蔽組件300包含透明件310與光遮蔽件320。其中透明件310具有一定位穿孔312，此定位穿孔312位於透明件310之中央且貫穿透明件310。光遮蔽件320設置於定位穿孔312中而定位於透明件310上。透明 件310具有第三直徑R3，第三直徑R3大於第二直徑R2且小於等於第一直徑R1，致使透明件310能夠穩定地裝設於第一空間210中。再者，透明件310係由玻璃或透明塑膠所製成，其對應第一空間210的形狀，且透明件310可保護光感測器500上的電子元件。光遮蔽件320則是由不透光的材質所製成，其形狀對應定位穿孔312的形狀，本實施例之透明件310為透明圓盤，而光遮蔽件320為不透光之圓柱體，兩者的高度相同，且透明件310與光遮蔽件320彼此緊密接合不脫落。另外，當太陽光線110照射局部光遮蔽組件300的一側時，太陽光線110會穿過透明件310而至局部光遮蔽組件300的另一側，並於光遮蔽件320之另一側形成遮蔽陰暗的狀態，本發明即利用此遮蔽陰暗的狀態結合光感測器500來偵測照射方向120之位移變化。值得一提的是，局部光遮蔽組件300的透明件310可以為其他實施例結構，例如：透明件310可具有一嵌槽(未示於圖中)，此嵌槽位於透明件310之中央。光遮蔽件320則嵌入嵌槽內而定位於透明件310上，此嵌槽的形狀對應光遮蔽件320的形狀。使用嵌槽一樣可以將光遮蔽件320穩固地接合透明件310，而且不容易脫落，但其拆卸安裝較不方便，製造者可以選擇所需之實施例加以實現。 The local light shielding module 300 is disposed in the housing 200 and is located in the first space 210. The solar light 110 illuminates one side of the local light shielding module 300. In detail, the partial light shielding assembly 300 includes a transparent member 310 and a light shielding member 320. The transparent member 310 has a positioning hole 312. The positioning hole 312 is located in the center of the transparent member 310 and penetrates the transparent member 310. The light shielding member 320 is disposed in the positioning hole 312 and is positioned on the transparent member 310. Transparent The member 310 has a third diameter R3, and the third diameter R3 is larger than the second diameter R2 and smaller than or equal to the first diameter R1, so that the transparent member 310 can be stably installed in the first space 210. Furthermore, the transparent member 310 is made of glass or transparent plastic, which corresponds to the shape of the first space 210, and the transparent member 310 can protect the electronic components on the light sensor 500. The light shielding member 320 is made of an opaque material, and its shape corresponds to the shape of the positioning perforation 312. The transparent member 310 in this embodiment is a transparent disc, and the light shielding member 320 is a opaque cylinder. Both have the same height, and the transparent member 310 and the light shielding member 320 are closely joined to each other without falling off. In addition, when the solar light 110 illuminates one side of the local light shielding component 300, the solar light 110 passes through the transparent member 310 to the other side of the local light shielding component 300, and forms a shielding on the other side of the light shielding component 320. In the dark state, the present invention utilizes this shaded state in combination with the light sensor 500 to detect a change in displacement of the irradiation direction 120. It is worth mentioning that the transparent member 310 of the partial light shielding assembly 300 may have other embodiments. For example, the transparent member 310 may have a recess (not shown in the figure), and the recess is located in the center of the transparent member 310. The light shielding member 320 is embedded in the insertion groove and positioned on the transparent member 310. The shape of the insertion groove corresponds to the shape of the light shielding member 320. The light shielding member 320 can be firmly connected to the transparent member 310 by using the embedded groove, and it is not easy to fall off, but its disassembly and installation is relatively inconvenient, and the manufacturer can choose a desired embodiment for implementation.
遮擋件400具有穿孔410與高度D1，穿孔410位於遮擋件400的中央，且遮擋件400設於局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500之間。穿孔410的位置與形狀分別對應光感測器500的位置與形狀。再者，穿孔410投影於XY平 面的面積大於光遮蔽件320投影於XY平面的面積，且穿孔410投影於XY平面的中心位置正對光遮蔽件320投影於XY平面的中心位置。本實施例之遮擋件400為一不透光之圓盤，穿孔410為矩形，而形成一外圓內方之特殊形狀，其可降低太陽光線110的漫射光、反射光、折射光或者是其他環境光線對光感測器500所產生的干擾。 The shielding member 400 has a perforation 410 and a height D1. The perforation 410 is located in the center of the shielding member 400. The shielding member 400 is disposed between the local light shielding assembly 300 and the light sensor 500. The position and shape of the perforation 410 correspond to the position and shape of the light sensor 500, respectively. Furthermore, the perforation 410 is projected on the XY plane The area of the surface is larger than the area of the light shielding member 320 projected on the XY plane, and the center position of the perforation 410 projected on the XY plane is directly opposite the light shielding member 320 projected on the center position of the XY plane. The shielding member 400 in this embodiment is an opaque disc, and the perforation 410 is rectangular, forming a special shape inside the outer circle, which can reduce the diffused, reflected, refracted, or other light of the solar ray 110. Interference caused by ambient light to the light sensor 500.
光感測器500設於殼體200上且位於局部光遮蔽組件300的另一側。光感測器500包含四象限光電二極體陣列510、電路板520以及導線530。此光感測器500接收感測太陽光線110，局部光遮蔽組件300遮蔽部分太陽光線110而於光感測器500上形成一遮蔽陰暗區域B。此遮蔽陰暗區域B會隨照射方向120位移而偏移，令光感測器500輸出一電壓誤差信號。此外，四象限光電二極體陣列510包含第一象限光電二極體510a、第二象限光電二極體510b、第三象限光電二極體510c以及第四象限光電二極體510d，此四個光電二極體的特性完全相同。第一象限光電二極體510a、第二象限光電二極體510b、第三象限光電二極體510c及第四象限光電二極體510d分別位於第一象限位置、第二象限位置、第三象限位置以及第四象限位置上。第一象限位置、第二象限位置、第三象限位置及第四象限位置係由一X軸方向與一Y軸方向劃分而形成。再者，遮蔽陰暗區域B包含第一象限遮蔽子區域B1、第二象限遮蔽子區域B2、第三象限遮蔽子區域B3以及第四象限遮蔽子區域B4。第一象限遮蔽子區域B1局部覆蓋第一象限光電二極體510a的左 下角，令第一象限光電二極體510a受第一象限遮蔽子區域B1以外的光束照射而轉換產生一第一象限電壓u 1 ；第二象限遮蔽子區域B2局部覆蓋第二象限光電二極體510b的右下角，令第二象限光電二極體510b受第二象限遮蔽子區域B2以外的光束照射而轉換產生一第二象限電壓u 2 ；第三象限遮蔽子區域B3局部覆蓋第三象限光電二極體510c，令第三象限光電二極體510c受第三象限遮蔽子區域B3以外的光束照射而轉換產生一第三象限電壓u 3 ；第四象限遮蔽子區域B4局部覆蓋第四象限光電二極體510d，令第四象限光電二極體510d受第四象限遮蔽子區域B4以外的光束照射而轉換產生一第四象限電壓u 4 。此外，電路板520電性連接四象限光電二極體陣列510，且電路板520提供一逆向偏壓於第一象限光電二極體510a、第二象限光電二極體510b、第三象限光電二極體510c以及第四象限光電二極體510d上。電路板520依據第一象限電壓u 1 、第二象限電壓u 2 、第三象限電壓u 3 及第四象限電壓u 4 產生電壓誤差信號。本發明的電路板520係採用逆向偏壓控制四象限光電二極體陣列510，並利用非反向運算放大器加以放大電壓訊號，此逆向偏壓方式施加電壓於光電二極體上可以有效地降低暗電流。 The light sensor 500 is disposed on the housing 200 and located on the other side of the local light shielding assembly 300. The photo sensor 500 includes a four-quadrant photodiode array 510, a circuit board 520, and a wire 530. The light sensor 500 receives and senses the sun light 110, and the partial light shielding component 300 blocks a part of the sun light 110 to form a shaded area B on the light sensor 500. The shaded dark area B will shift with the displacement of the irradiation direction 120, so that the light sensor 500 outputs a voltage error signal. In addition, the quadrant photodiode array 510 includes a first quadrant photodiode 510a, a second quadrant photodiode 510b, a third quadrant photodiode 510c, and a fourth quadrant photodiode 510d. These four The characteristics of the photodiodes are exactly the same. The first quadrant photodiode 510a, the second quadrant photodiode 510b, the third quadrant photodiode 510c, and the fourth quadrant photodiode 510d are located in the first quadrant position, the second quadrant position, and the third quadrant, respectively. Position and the fourth quadrant position. The first quadrant position, the second quadrant position, the third quadrant position, and the fourth quadrant position are formed by dividing an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction. Furthermore, the shaded shadow region B includes a first quadrant masked subregion B1, a second quadrant masked subregion B2, a third quadrant masked subregion B3, and a fourth quadrant masked subregion B4. The first quadrant shielding sub-region B1 partially covers the lower left corner of the first quadrant photodiode 510a, so that the first quadrant photodiode 510a is irradiated by the light beam outside the first quadrant shielding sub-region B1 to generate a first quadrant voltage. u 1 ; the second quadrant shielding sub-region B2 partially covers the lower right corner of the second quadrant photodiode 510b, so that the second quadrant photodiode 510b is irradiated by the light beam outside the second quadrant shielding sub-region B2 to generate a first The second quadrant voltage u 2 ; the third quadrant shielding sub-region B3 partially covers the third quadrant photodiode 510c, so that the third quadrant photodiode 510c is irradiated by a light beam other than the third quadrant shielding sub-region B3 to generate a first The three quadrant voltage u 3 ; the fourth quadrant shielding sub-region B4 partially covers the fourth quadrant photodiode 510d, so that the fourth quadrant photodiode 510d is irradiated by light beams other than the fourth quadrant shielding sub-region B4 to generate a first Four quadrant voltage u 4 . In addition, the circuit board 520 is electrically connected to the four-quadrant photodiode array 510, and the circuit board 520 provides a reverse bias to the first quadrant photodiode 510a, the second quadrant photodiode 510b, and the third quadrant photodiode The polar body 510c and the fourth quadrant photodiode 510d. The circuit board 520 generates a voltage error signal according to the first quadrant voltage u 1 , the second quadrant voltage u 2 , the third quadrant voltage u 3, and the fourth quadrant voltage u 4 . The circuit board 520 of the present invention uses a reverse bias to control a four-quadrant photodiode array 510 and uses a non-inverting operational amplifier to amplify the voltage signal. This reverse bias method can effectively reduce the voltage applied to the photodiode. Dark current.
另外，電路板520具有一電壓組合函數，此電壓組合函數包含電壓誤差信號、第一象限電壓u 1 、第二象限電壓u 2 、第三象限電壓u 3 及第四象限電壓u 4 。其中電壓誤差信號包含X軸方向誤差信號u x 與Y軸方向誤差信號u y 。電壓組合函數符合下式：
另外值得一提的是，四象限光電二極體陣列510具有一高度D2，亦即第一象限光電二極體510a、第二象限光電二極體510b、第三象限光電二極體510c以及第四象限光電二極體510d均具有高度D2。本發明之遮擋件400的高度D1大於四象限光電二極體陣列510之高度D2，藉此可大幅降低光線的干擾，而且在任何環境下，每個光電二極體都能接收到同一環境的干擾漫反射光線，亦即每個光電二極體都能檢測到均勻一致的環境光信號。此外，本發明透過遮蔽陰暗區域B所造成之四個光電二極體的電壓不平衡來控制調 整太陽感測裝置100以及望遠鏡800的位移，以偵測太陽的精確位置，其不但可以即時地檢測光源方向，而且構造亦較為簡單、成本低。 It is also worth mentioning that the quadrant photodiode array 510 has a height D2, that is, the first quadrant photodiode 510a, the second quadrant photodiode 510b, the third quadrant photodiode 510c, and the first The four-quadrant photodiodes 510d each have a height D2. The height D1 of the shielding member 400 of the present invention is greater than the height D2 of the four-quadrant photodiode array 510, thereby greatly reducing the interference of light, and in any environment, each photodiode can receive the same environment. Interfering with diffusely reflected light, that is, each photodiode can detect a uniform and consistent ambient light signal. In addition, the present invention controls the modulation by shielding the voltage imbalance of the four photodiodes caused by the shadowy area B. The displacement of the solar sensing device 100 and the telescope 800 is adjusted to detect the precise position of the sun. Not only can it detect the direction of the light source in real time, but also the structure is relatively simple and the cost is low.
另外，導線530係用以供電以及傳輸感測信號，其一端連接電路板520的底端，另一端則穿過殼體200的導線穿孔240連接控制處理器600。再者，局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500相隔一間距，光感測器500具有偵測角度與靈敏度，此偵測角度與靈敏度會隨間距變化而改變。詳細地說，當局部光遮蔽組件300與四象限光電二極體陣列510之間的間距越大時，光感測器500偵測X軸及Y軸的範圍越小，致使偵測角度越小且靈敏度越低；反之，當局部光遮蔽組件300與四象限光電二極體陣列510之間的間距越大時，光感測器500的偵測範圍越大，致使偵測角度越大且靈敏度越高。因此，本發明可透過調整光遮蔽件320與四象限光電二極體陣列510之間的間距來改變光感測器500偵測範圍的角度大小及靈敏度，亦即不同的太陽感測裝置100可以設置不同的間距，能滿足各種不同的需求應用。 In addition, the wire 530 is used for supplying power and transmitting sensing signals. One end of the wire 530 is connected to the bottom end of the circuit board 520, and the other end is connected to the control processor 600 through the wire hole 240 of the housing 200. Furthermore, the local light shielding component 300 is separated from the light sensor 500 by a distance. The light sensor 500 has a detection angle and sensitivity, and the detection angle and sensitivity will change with the change of the distance. In detail, when the distance between the local light shielding module 300 and the four-quadrant photodiode array 510 is larger, the range of the X-axis and Y-axis detected by the light sensor 500 is smaller, resulting in a smaller detection angle. And the lower the sensitivity; conversely, when the distance between the local light shielding module 300 and the four-quadrant photodiode array 510 is larger, the detection range of the light sensor 500 is larger, resulting in a larger detection angle and sensitivity The higher. Therefore, the present invention can change the angle and sensitivity of the detection range of the light sensor 500 by adjusting the distance between the light shielding member 320 and the four-quadrant photodiode array 510, that is, different solar sensing devices 100 can Setting different distances can meet a variety of different applications.
控制處理器600電性連接光感測器500與位移機構700，且控制處理器600依據電壓誤差信號來控制殼體200的位移，藉以令光感測器500之中心與局部光遮蔽組件300之中心的連線平行於太陽光線110的照射方向120。仔細地說，控制處理器600依據來自光感測器500的電壓誤差信號來控制位移機構700，位移機構700會控制位移望遠鏡800。由於太陽感測裝置100設置於望遠鏡800的外側，而 且與望遠鏡800的方向一致，因此控制處理器600可以間接地控制殼體200的位移。再者，當電壓誤差信號之X軸方向誤差信號u x 或Y軸方向誤差信號u y 有不為零的狀況發生時，控制處理器600會控制位移機構700即時地位移望遠鏡800與殼體200，直到X軸方向誤差信號u x 與Y軸方向誤差信號u y 同時為零(望遠鏡800正對太陽)才會停止位移驅動。此外，控制處理器600可同時控制兩個不同軸向的位移機構700轉動，使望遠鏡800可以受位移機構700移動而對應三維空間中的任一方位。至於位移機構700內部的機械結構以及控制處理器600內部的電路結構均為習知技術，故不再贅述。 The control processor 600 is electrically connected to the light sensor 500 and the displacement mechanism 700, and the control processor 600 controls the displacement of the housing 200 according to the voltage error signal, so that the center of the light sensor 500 and the local light shielding component 300 The center line is parallel to the irradiation direction 120 of the solar ray 110. In detail, the control processor 600 controls the displacement mechanism 700 according to the voltage error signal from the light sensor 500, and the displacement mechanism 700 controls the displacement telescope 800. Since the solar sensing device 100 is disposed outside the telescope 800 and is consistent with the direction of the telescope 800, the control processor 600 can indirectly control the displacement of the housing 200. In addition, when the X-axis direction error signal u x or Y-axis direction error signal u y of the voltage error signal occurs other than zero, the control processor 600 will control the displacement mechanism 700 to immediately displace the telescope 800 and the housing 200. Until the X-axis direction error signal u x and the Y-axis direction error signal u y are both zero (the telescope 800 faces the sun), the displacement drive will stop. In addition, the control processor 600 can simultaneously control the rotation of two displacement mechanisms 700 with different axes, so that the telescope 800 can be moved by the displacement mechanism 700 to correspond to any orientation in the three-dimensional space. As for the mechanical structure inside the displacement mechanism 700 and the circuit structure inside the control processor 600 are conventional techniques, they will not be described again.
第4圖係繪示第1圖之太陽光線110照射局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500的示意圖。第5A圖係繪示第4圖之遮蔽陰暗區域B位於四象限光電二極體陣列510中央的示意圖。第5B圖係繪示第4圖之遮蔽陰暗區域B相對於四象限光電二極體陣列510中央往下偏移的示意圖。由第4圖可知，太陽光線110之照射方向120為負Z軸方向。而遮蔽陰暗區域B的形狀可對應光遮蔽件320的形狀，且遮蔽陰暗區域B的面積小於光感測器500的面積。由於第一象限光電二極體510a、第二象限光電二極體510b、第三象限光電二極體510c以及第四象限光電二極體510d彼此間均有空隙而不連接，因此遮蔽陰暗區域B的面積大於第一象限遮蔽子區域B1、第二象限遮蔽子區域B2、第三象限遮蔽子區域B3及第四象限遮蔽子區域B4之四個子區域的面積總和。當 然，四個光電二極體可彼此連接而無空隙，端看製造者之決定。因此，無論光電二極體之間有無空隙，只要局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500對應設置，則本發明所利用的遮光方式就能讓太陽感測裝置100即時且精準地對正太陽光線110，進而實現太陽偵測與追蹤之效。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the solar light 110 illuminating the local light shielding component 300 and the light sensor 500 in FIG. 1. FIG. 5A is a schematic view showing the shaded area B in FIG. 4 located at the center of the four-quadrant photodiode array 510. FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing that the shaded area B in FIG. 4 is shifted downward from the center of the four-quadrant photodiode array 510. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the irradiation direction 120 of the solar ray 110 is the negative Z-axis direction. The shape of the shaded area B may correspond to the shape of the light shielding member 320, and the area of the shaded area B is smaller than the area of the light sensor 500. The first quadrant photodiode 510a, the second quadrant photodiode 510b, the third quadrant photodiode 510c, and the fourth quadrant photodiode 510d have gaps and are not connected to each other, so the dark area B is shielded. The area is larger than the sum of the four sub-areas of the first quadrant masking sub-region B1, the second quadrant masking sub-region B2, the third quadrant masking sub-region B3, and the fourth quadrant masking sub-region B4. when Of course, the four photodiodes can be connected to each other without gaps, depending on the manufacturer's decision. Therefore, no matter whether there is a gap between the photodiodes, as long as the local light shielding component 300 and the light sensor 500 are disposed correspondingly, the light shielding method used by the present invention can allow the sun sensing device 100 to directly and accurately face the sun. The light 110, in turn, achieves the effects of sun detection and tracking.
第7圖係繪示本發明一實施例的太陽感測裝置之感測方法900的流程示意圖。此太陽感測裝置之感測方法900係利用太陽感測裝置100來偵測太陽光線110之照射方向120，且太陽感測裝置之感測方法900包含光遮蔽步驟S11與信號轉換步驟S12。其中光遮蔽步驟S11係利用局部光遮蔽組件300遮蔽部分太陽光線110而於光感測器500上形成一遮蔽陰暗區域B。而信號轉換步驟S12則是利用光感測器500輸出一電壓誤差信號，此電壓誤差信號對應遮蔽陰暗區域B的偏移量，且偏移量係由局部光遮蔽組件300、照射方向120以及光感測器500之相對位置決定。藉此，透過光遮蔽件320之黑點遮光方式來遮斷太陽光線110，使其產生陰影而投射至光感測器500上。當陰影發生偏向時，可透過光電二極體彼此之間的電壓不平衡來實現陰影的調整位移，進而讓太陽感測裝置100能即時且精準地對正太陽光線110。 FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method 900 of a solar sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sensing method 900 of the solar sensing device uses the solar sensing device 100 to detect the irradiation direction 120 of the solar light 110, and the sensing method 900 of the solar sensing device includes a light shielding step S11 and a signal conversion step S12. The light shielding step S11 is to use a local light shielding component 300 to shield a part of the solar light 110 to form a shaded area B on the light sensor 500. In the signal conversion step S12, the photo sensor 500 is used to output a voltage error signal. This voltage error signal corresponds to the offset amount of the shadow area B. The offset amount is determined by the local light shielding component 300, the irradiation direction 120, and the light. The relative position of the sensor 500 is determined. In this way, the black light blocking method of the light shielding member 320 is used to block the solar light 110 so as to generate a shadow and project it onto the light sensor 500. When the shadow is deflected, the shadow displacement can be adjusted through the voltage imbalance between the photodiodes, so that the solar sensing device 100 can instantly and accurately align the solar light 110.
第8圖係繪示本發明另一實施例的太陽感測裝置之感測方法900a的流程示意圖。此太陽感測裝置之感測方法900a包含調整間距步驟S21、遮擋干擾步驟S22、光遮蔽步驟S23、信號轉換步驟S24以及控制位移步驟S25。 FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a sensing method 900a of a solar sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The sensing method 900a of the solar sensing device includes a step of adjusting a distance S21, a step of blocking interference S22, a step of blocking light S23, a step S24 of signal conversion, and a step S25 of controlling displacement.
調整間距步驟S21係調整局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500之間的間距，藉以令光感測器500之偵測角度與靈敏度產生變化。而製造者可以依據所要的偵測角度與靈敏度來決定間距的大小。 The step S21 of adjusting the distance is to adjust the distance between the local light shielding component 300 and the light sensor 500 so that the detection angle and sensitivity of the light sensor 500 are changed. The manufacturer can determine the distance according to the desired detection angle and sensitivity.
遮擋干擾步驟S22係將具有穿孔410之遮擋件400設置於局部光遮蔽組件300與光感測器500之間，藉以遮擋光感測器500所接收的太陽光線110之漫射光、反射光、折射光或其他環境光線的干擾。而且本發明之遮擋件400的高度D1大於光感測器500的高度D2，可以讓光線的干擾大幅降低。 The blocking interference step S22 is to place a blocking member 400 with a perforation 410 between the local light shielding module 300 and the light sensor 500, so as to block the diffused light, reflected light, and refraction of the solar light 110 received by the light sensor 500. Light or other ambient light. In addition, the height D1 of the shielding member 400 of the present invention is greater than the height D2 of the light sensor 500, which can greatly reduce the interference of light.
光遮蔽步驟S23係利用局部光遮蔽組件300遮蔽部分太陽光線110而於光感測器500上形成遮蔽陰暗區域B。再者，本發明實施例中的光感測器500之四象限光電二極體陣列510係利用四個光電二極體，當然，其亦可由三個或其他更多個光電二極體加以實現光遮蔽步驟S23，而這些不同數量的光電二極體均利用“遮蔽子區域的面積”以及“遮蔽陰暗區域B位於光感測器500之中央”來當作判斷的準則。因此，本發明可透過許多不同數量、式樣及型態的光感測器500來加以建構，進而讓製造者有更多的選擇。 The light shielding step S23 is to use the local light shielding module 300 to shield a part of the solar light 110 to form a shaded area B on the light sensor 500. Furthermore, the four-quadrant photodiode array 510 of the light sensor 500 in the embodiment of the present invention uses four photodiodes. Of course, it can also be implemented by three or more photodiodes. The light shielding step S23, and these different numbers of photodiodes all use "the area of the shielding sub-area" and "the shadow area B is located at the center of the light sensor 500" as the criterion for judgment. Therefore, the present invention can be constructed through many different numbers, styles, and types of light sensors 500, thereby giving manufacturers more choices.
信號轉換步驟S24則是利用光感測器500輸出電壓誤差信號，此電壓誤差信號對應遮蔽陰暗區域B的偏移量，且偏移量係由局部光遮蔽組件300、照射方向120以及光感測器500之相對位置決定。另外，信號轉換步驟S24可 包含對應式子(1)與(2)的電壓組合函數，透過電壓組合函數即可得知光電二極體彼此電壓的平衡狀態。 The signal conversion step S24 is to use the light sensor 500 to output a voltage error signal. This voltage error signal corresponds to the offset amount of the shadow area B, and the offset amount is determined by the local light shielding component 300, the irradiation direction 120, and the light sensor. The relative position of the device 500 is determined. In addition, the signal conversion step S24 may The voltage combination functions corresponding to the expressions (1) and (2) are included, and the voltage balance function of the photodiodes can be obtained through the voltage combination function.
控制位移步驟S25則是利用控制處理器600依據電壓誤差信號來控制位移機構700的作動位移，藉以令光感測器500之中心與局部光遮蔽組件300之中心的連線平行於照射方向120。透過上述步驟流程，本發明之太陽感測裝置100結合望遠鏡800可以對太陽進行即時且精確地追蹤以及對位，而且能讓使用者透過望遠鏡800觀察太陽正對的狀態。 The controlling displacement step S25 is to use the control processor 600 to control the operating displacement of the displacement mechanism 700 according to the voltage error signal, so that the connection line between the center of the light sensor 500 and the center of the local light shielding component 300 is parallel to the irradiation direction 120. Through the above steps, the sun sensing device 100 of the present invention in combination with the telescope 800 can track and position the sun in real time and accurately, and allows a user to observe the state of the sun directly through the telescope 800.
請一併參閱第2圖與第9圖，第9圖係繪示本發明另一實施例之太陽感測裝置100a的立體示意圖。此太陽感測裝置100a包含殼體200、局部光遮蔽組件300、光感測器500以及控制處理器600。在第9圖的實施方式中，殼體200、局部光遮蔽組件300、光感測器500及控制處理器600均與第2圖中對應之方塊相同，不再贅述。特別的是，第9圖實施方式之太陽感測裝置100a沒有遮擋件400，在沒有遮擋件400的條件下，太陽感測裝置100a依舊可以透過光遮蔽件320來遮斷太陽光線110，然後經由遮蔽陰暗區域B於多個光電二極體上所產生的電壓誤差信號來控制位移機構700，位移機構700可位移望遠鏡800並連動太陽感測裝置100a，進而使太陽感測裝置100a能即時且精準地追蹤太陽。 Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 together. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a solar sensing device 100a according to another embodiment of the present invention. The solar sensing device 100 a includes a housing 200, a local light shielding assembly 300, a light sensor 500, and a control processor 600. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the housing 200, the partial light shielding assembly 300, the light sensor 500, and the control processor 600 are the same as the corresponding blocks in FIG. 2 and will not be described again. In particular, the solar sensing device 100a of the embodiment in FIG. 9 does not have the shielding member 400. Without the shielding member 400, the solar sensing device 100a can still block the solar light 110 through the light shielding member 320, and then pass through The displacement mechanism 700 is controlled by shielding the voltage error signals generated by the dark area B on multiple photodiodes. The displacement mechanism 700 can displace the telescope 800 and link the solar sensing device 100a, so that the solar sensing device 100a can be instant and accurate Tracking the sun.
由上述實施方式可知，本發明具有下列優點：其一，利用光遮蔽件之黑點遮光方式來遮斷太陽光線，可產生 陰影及偏向的效果，並透過光電二極體彼此之間的電壓不平衡來實現調整位移，讓太陽感測裝置可以即時且精準地對正太陽光線。其二，本發明不但可以用來精確檢測太陽光線的照射方向，其構造亦較為簡單且成本低廉。其三，電路板係採用逆向偏壓控制四象限光電二極體陣列，其可有效地降低暗電流。其四，遮擋件結合光感測器的結構可大幅降低環境光線所產生的干擾。其五，透過遮光方式可使光感測器在太陽光線較弱的環境下仍然能感測並產生微弱電信號，且能藉由微弱電信號的差異來判斷偏移。 As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention has the following advantages: First, the black point shading method of the light shielding member is used to block the sun rays, which can generate The effect of shadows and deflections, and the adjustment of displacement is achieved through the voltage imbalance between the photodiodes, so that the solar sensing device can accurately and accurately align the sun's rays. Secondly, the invention can not only be used to accurately detect the irradiation direction of the sun's rays, but also its structure is relatively simple and low cost. Third, the circuit board is a four-quadrant photodiode array controlled by reverse bias, which can effectively reduce dark current. Fourth, the structure of the shielding member combined with the light sensor can greatly reduce the interference caused by the ambient light. Fifth, through the light-shielding method, the light sensor can still sense and generate a weak electrical signal under the environment of weak sunlight, and can judge the offset by the difference of the weak electrical signal.
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and retouches without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection of the present invention The scope shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
110‧‧‧太陽光線 110‧‧‧ sun rays
120‧‧‧照射方向 120‧‧‧ Irradiation direction
300‧‧‧局部光遮蔽組件 300‧‧‧Partial light shielding component
310‧‧‧透明件 310‧‧‧Transparent
320‧‧‧光遮蔽件 320‧‧‧light shield
500‧‧‧光感測器 500‧‧‧light sensor
510‧‧‧四象限光電二極體陣列 510‧‧‧Four-quadrant photodiode array
510a‧‧‧第一象限光電二極體 510a‧‧‧First Quadrant Photodiode
510b‧‧‧第二象限光電二極體 510b‧‧‧Second Quadrant Photodiode
510c‧‧‧第三象限光電二極體 510c‧‧‧Three quadrant photodiode
510d‧‧‧第四象限光電二極體 510d‧‧quadrant quadrant photodiode
520‧‧‧電路板 520‧‧‧Circuit Board
530‧‧‧導線 530‧‧‧Wire
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| TW105131927A TWI612406B (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2016-10-03 | Solar tracking device and tracking method thereof |
| CN201710196138.7A CN107092275A (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2017-03-29 | Solar sensing device and sensing method thereof |
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| CN109839959B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-12-21 | 周雨航 | Light direction sensor and solar power generation system adopting same |
| CN109873604B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-03-16 | 周雨航 | Adjustable solar power generation system |
| CN110530256A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of laser angle measuring system based on four-quadrant photo detector |
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| CN102165132B (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2015-05-13 | 麦可希德体系股份有限公司 | Automated shade control |
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| CN107092275A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
| TW201814416A (en) | 2018-04-16 |
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