TWI608688B - Circular linear reluctance motor - Google Patents
Circular linear reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- TWI608688B TWI608688B TW104113541A TW104113541A TWI608688B TW I608688 B TWI608688 B TW I608688B TW 104113541 A TW104113541 A TW 104113541A TW 104113541 A TW104113541 A TW 104113541A TW I608688 B TWI608688 B TW I608688B
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- reluctance motor
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- solid iron
- magnetic sleeve
- annular
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Linear Motors (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關於一種磁阻馬達，特別是指一種環狀直線式磁阻馬達。 The present invention relates to a reluctance motor, and more particularly to an annular linear reluctance motor.
參閱圖1，習知一種磁阻馬達9主要包括一定子91及一設於定子91內的轉子92。定子91具有八個凸極A、A’、B、B’、C、C’、D、D’，以及分別繞設在凸極上的繞組L1、L2。而轉子92具有六個凸極a、a’、b、b’、c、c’。一般以分相激磁方式對磁阻馬達9的四相繞組依序激磁，例如使A相繞組所繞設的凸極A、A’產生磁力吸引轉子92之凸極a、a’朝定子91的凸極A、A’方向移動，如圖1所示，再接著讓B相繞組所繞設的凸極B、B’產生磁力吸引轉子92之凸極b、b’朝定子91的凸極B、B’方向移動，再接著以相同方式依序對C、D相繞組激磁，就能驅動轉子92順時針運轉，反之，若依序對D、C、B、A相繞組激磁，就能驅動轉子92逆時針運轉。 Referring to FIG. 1, a reluctance motor 9 mainly includes a stator 91 and a rotor 92 disposed in the stator 91. The stator 91 has eight salient poles A, A', B, B', C, C', D, D', and windings L1, L2 wound around the salient poles, respectively. The rotor 92 has six salient poles a, a', b, b', c, c'. Generally, the four-phase winding of the reluctance motor 9 is sequentially excited by a phase-separated excitation method, for example, the salient poles A, A' surrounded by the A-phase windings are magnetically attracted to the salient poles a, a' of the rotor 92 toward the stator 91. The salient poles A, A' move in the direction, as shown in Fig. 1, and then the salient poles B, B' around which the B-phase winding is wound generate a magnetic attraction to the salient poles b, b' of the rotor 92 toward the salient pole B of the stator 91. Move in the B' direction, and then sequentially magnetize the C and D phase windings in the same way to drive the rotor 92 clockwise. Otherwise, if the D, C, B, and A phase windings are excited in sequence, they can be driven. The rotor 92 operates counterclockwise.
習知磁阻馬達9是利用轉子92和定子91的凸極相吸的力量運轉，但由於定子91的每一凸極的繞組的繞 線匝數少(通常少於100)，產生的磁力小，因此需要耗用較大的電流才能讓每一凸極產生足夠的磁吸力帶動轉子92運轉，故習知磁阻馬達9的構造無法有效節省電力。 The conventional reluctance motor 9 is operated by the suction of the salient poles of the rotor 92 and the stator 91, but is wound by the winding of each salient pole of the stator 91. The number of turns is small (usually less than 100), and the generated magnetic force is small. Therefore, it takes a large current to generate sufficient magnetic force for each salient pole to drive the rotor 92 to operate. Therefore, the structure of the conventional reluctance motor 9 cannot be realized. Effectively saves electricity.
此外，如圖2所示，由於習知採用磁阻馬達9的電動機產生的功率是由電流控制(電壓固定)，且磁阻馬達9的繞組呈現電感的特性，因此繞組在消磁的過程中會因產生反電動勢(虛功，如圖中虛線所示)而生熱，使得電動機容易產生高溫。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, since the power generated by the motor using the reluctance motor 9 is controlled by current (voltage is fixed), and the winding of the reluctance motor 9 exhibits an inductance characteristic, the winding will be in the process of degaussing. The heat generated by the back electromotive force (virtual work, as indicated by the broken line in the figure) causes the motor to easily generate high temperatures.
再者，如圖3所示，由習知電磁鐵的工作曲線可知，其產生的功率是由電壓控制(電流固定)，此時電磁鐵亦呈現電感的特性，因此其在消磁過程中亦會因為產生渦電流(虛功，如圖中虛線所示)而生熱。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen from the working curve of the conventional electromagnet that the generated power is controlled by voltage (current is fixed), and the electromagnet also exhibits an inductance characteristic, so that it will also be in the degaussing process. Heat is generated because of the eddy current (virtual work, as indicated by the dotted line in the figure).
因此，本發明之其中一目的，即在提供一種兼具省電及高效能的環狀直線式磁阻馬達。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a toroidal linear reluctance motor that has both power saving and high efficiency.
於是，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達在一些實施態樣中，是包含：一環狀殼體、多個直線式磁阻馬達單元，以及一曲柄軸。該環狀殼體具有一軸向穿孔並定義一中心軸線通過該軸向穿孔的幾何中心。該等直線式磁阻馬達單元彼此相間隔且相錯開地環設於該環狀殼體內，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元包括一不導磁套筒、一激磁線圈、一鐵心，及一實心鐵活塞。該不導磁套筒具有一第一開口，該激磁線圈繞設在該不導磁套筒的外表面，該鐵心穿設在該不導磁套筒外圍並與該激磁線圈相隔離，該實心鐵活塞 具有一第一端、一相反於該第一端的第二端及一軸桿，該第一端容置在該不導磁套筒中，該第二端凸出該第一開口，該軸桿由該第二端朝該軸向穿孔凸出，且該實心鐵活塞能相對該不導磁套筒軸向位移，使該第二端接近或遠離該第一開口。該曲柄軸穿設於該環狀殼體的該軸向穿孔並包括數量對應該等直線式磁阻馬達單元且朝遠離該中心軸線的方向向外凸伸的曲軸臂，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元的該實心鐵活塞的該軸桿分別與對應的該等曲軸臂樞接，當各該直線式磁阻馬達單元的該激磁線圈被以一預設順序對相對應的該鐵心激磁，會使各該實心鐵活塞在相對應的該不導磁套筒內往復運動而帶動該曲柄軸朝同一方向旋轉。 Thus, in some embodiments, the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention comprises: an annular housing, a plurality of linear reluctance motor units, and a crankshaft. The annular housing has an axial bore and defines a geometric center through which the central axis is perforated. The linear reluctance motor units are annularly and spaced apart from each other in the annular housing, and each of the linear reluctance motor units includes a non-magnetic sleeve, an excitation coil, a core, and a solid core. Iron piston. The non-magnetic sleeve has a first opening, the excitation coil is wound around an outer surface of the non-magnetic sleeve, and the core is disposed at a periphery of the non-magnetic sleeve and is isolated from the excitation coil, the solid Iron piston Having a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, and a shaft, the first end is received in the non-magnetic sleeve, the second end protrudes from the first opening, the shaft Projecting from the second end toward the axial bore, and the solid iron piston is axially displaceable relative to the non-magnetic sleeve such that the second end approaches or moves away from the first opening. The crankshaft passes through the axial through hole of the annular casing and includes a number of crankshaft arms corresponding to the linear reluctance motor unit and protruding outward in a direction away from the central axis, the linear reluctance The shafts of the solid iron pistons of the motor unit are respectively pivotally connected to the corresponding crank arms, and when the excitation coils of the linear reluctance motor units are excited to the corresponding cores in a predetermined sequence, Each of the solid iron pistons reciprocates in the corresponding non-magnetic sleeve to drive the crankshaft to rotate in the same direction.
在一些實施態樣中，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元還包括一實心鐵座體，及一實心鐵蓋體。該實心鐵座體的一內面中央形成一凸部，該不導磁套筒的一端套設在該凸部上，且該鐵心的一端面與該實心鐵座體的該內面抵接。該實心鐵蓋體設在該不導磁套筒的另一端並與該鐵心的另一端面抵接，且該實心鐵蓋體的中央形成一與該第一開口相對且相連通的第二開口，該實心鐵活塞的第二端凸出該第二開口。 In some embodiments, each of the linear reluctance motor units further includes a solid iron seat body and a solid iron cover body. A convex portion is formed at a center of an inner surface of the solid iron seat body, and one end of the non-magnetic sleeve is sleeved on the convex portion, and an end surface of the iron core abuts against the inner surface of the solid iron seat body. The solid iron cover is disposed at the other end of the non-magnetic sleeve and abuts against the other end surface of the core, and a center of the solid iron cover forms a second opening opposite to the first opening and communicates with the first opening The second end of the solid iron piston protrudes from the second opening.
在一些實施態樣中，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元的該實心鐵活塞是由該第二開口置入該不導磁套筒內，當該激磁線圈對該鐵心激磁時，該實心鐵活塞會受該鐵心吸引而朝該不導磁套筒內移動，而使該第二端接近該第二開口，並同時藉由該軸桿帶動該曲柄軸旋轉。 In some embodiments, the solid iron piston of each of the linear reluctance motor units is placed into the non-magnetic sleeve by the second opening, and the solid iron piston is excited when the excitation coil is excited to the core. The second end is brought close to the second opening by the attraction of the core, and the crankshaft is rotated by the shaft.
在一些實施態樣中，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元還包括一復位元件，當該實心鐡活塞未受該鐵心吸引時，該復位元件使該實心鐵活塞的該第二端位於一遠離該第二開口的初始位置，並同時藉由該軸桿帶動該曲柄軸朝同一方向旋轉。 In some embodiments, each of the linear reluctance motor units further includes a resetting member that positions the second end of the solid iron piston away from the core when the solid piston is not attracted by the core The initial position of the second opening, and at the same time, the crankshaft is rotated in the same direction by the shaft.
在一些實施態樣中，該環狀直線式磁阻馬達包含n個直線式磁阻馬達單元及一包括n個曲軸臂的曲柄軸，n≧2，該等曲軸臂分別朝遠離該中心軸線的m個方向向外凸伸，m≧1，其中，每個方向上會形成至少一曲軸臂且該等方向相鄰之間的夾角為度。 In some embodiments, the annular linear reluctance motor comprises n linear reluctance motor units and a crankshaft including n crank arms, n≧2, the crank arms respectively facing away from the central axis The m directions are outwardly convex, m≧1, wherein at least one crank arm is formed in each direction and the angle between the adjacent directions is degree.
在一些實施態樣中，該環狀直線式磁阻馬達包含兩個彼此相對設置在該環狀殼體的直線式磁阻馬達單元，該曲柄軸包括朝相同方向凸伸的一第一曲軸臂及一第二曲軸臂，且其中一直線式磁阻馬達單元的該實心鐵活塞的該軸桿與該第一曲軸臂連接，其中另一直線式磁阻馬達單元的該實心鐵活塞的該軸桿與該第二曲軸臂連接，當該兩直線式磁阻馬達單元的該激磁線圈輪流對相對應的該鐵心激磁，會使各該實心鐵活塞在相對應的該不導磁套筒內往復運動而帶動該曲柄軸朝同一方向旋轉。 In some embodiments, the annular linear reluctance motor includes two linear reluctance motor units disposed opposite to each other in the annular housing, the crank shaft including a first crank arm protruding in the same direction And a second crank arm, and wherein the shaft of the solid iron piston of the linear reluctance motor unit is coupled to the first crank arm, wherein the shaft of the solid iron piston of another linear reluctance motor unit The second crank arm is connected, and when the exciting coil of the two linear reluctance motor unit is alternately excited to the core, each solid iron piston reciprocates in the corresponding non-magnetic sleeve The crankshaft is rotated in the same direction.
於是，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達在一些實施態樣中，是包含：一環狀殼體、多個直線式磁阻馬達單元以及一轉子。該環狀殼體具有一軸向穿孔並定義一中心軸線通過該軸向穿孔的幾何中心。該等直線式磁阻馬達單元彼此相間隔且相錯開地環設於該環狀殼體內，各該直線式 磁阻馬達單元包括一不導磁套筒、一激磁線圈、一鐵心及一實心鐵活塞。該不導磁套筒具有一開口，該激磁線圈繞設在該不導磁套筒的外表面，該鐵心穿設在該不導磁套筒外圍並與該激磁線圈相隔離，該實心鐵活塞具有一第一端及一相反於該第一端的第二端，該第一端容置在該不導磁套筒中，該第二端凸出該開口。該轉子穿設於該環狀殼體的軸向穿孔，並具有多個以相同角度相間隔且朝遠離該中心軸線的方向向外凸伸的凸極，該等凸極的數量少於該等直線式磁阻馬達單元。當各該直線式磁阻馬達單元的該激磁線圈被以一預設順序對相對應的該鐵心激磁，會使各該實心鐵活塞產生磁力吸引鄰近的各該凸極而帶動該轉子朝同一方向旋轉。 Thus, in some embodiments, the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention comprises: an annular housing, a plurality of linear reluctance motor units, and a rotor. The annular housing has an axial bore and defines a geometric center through which the central axis is perforated. The linear reluctance motor units are annularly and spaced apart from each other in the annular housing, each of the linear The reluctance motor unit includes a non-magnetic sleeve, an excitation coil, a core and a solid iron piston. The non-magnetic sleeve has an opening, and the excitation coil is disposed on an outer surface of the non-magnetic sleeve. The core is disposed at a periphery of the non-magnetic sleeve and is isolated from the excitation coil. The solid iron piston There is a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the first end is received in the non-magnetic sleeve, and the second end protrudes from the opening. The rotor is disposed through the axial through hole of the annular casing, and has a plurality of salient poles which are spaced apart from each other at an same angle and protrude outwardly away from the central axis. The number of the salient poles is less than the number of the salient poles. Linear reluctance motor unit. When the excitation coils of the linear reluctance motor unit are excited to the corresponding core in a predetermined sequence, each of the solid iron pistons generates a magnetic force to attract the adjacent salient poles to drive the rotor in the same direction. Rotate.
在一些實施態樣中，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元還包括：一實心鐵座體及一實心鐵蓋體。該實心鐵座體的一內面中央形成一凸部，該不導磁套筒的一端套設在該凸部上，且該鐵心的一端面與該實心鐵座體的該內面抵接。該實心鐵蓋體設在該不導磁套筒的另一端並與該鐵心的另一端面抵接，且該實心鐵蓋體的中央形成一與該第一開口相對且相連通的第二開口，該實心鐵活塞的第二端凸出該第二開口。 In some embodiments, each of the linear reluctance motor units further includes: a solid iron seat body and a solid iron cover body. A convex portion is formed at a center of an inner surface of the solid iron seat body, and one end of the non-magnetic sleeve is sleeved on the convex portion, and an end surface of the iron core abuts against the inner surface of the solid iron seat body. The solid iron cover is disposed at the other end of the non-magnetic sleeve and abuts against the other end surface of the core, and a center of the solid iron cover forms a second opening opposite to the first opening and communicates with the first opening The second end of the solid iron piston protrudes from the second opening.
在一些實施態樣中，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元有2M個，該轉子的該等凸極有2N個，且2<N<M。 In some embodiments, the linear reluctance motor units have 2M, the salient poles of the rotor have 2N, and 2<N<M.
本發明之功效在於：該環狀直線式磁阻馬達透過各該直線式磁阻馬達單元的激磁線圈對鐵心激磁，使產 生的磁吸力吸引實心鐵活塞進行往復的直線運動，以帶動曲柄軸朝同一方向旋轉，達到兼具省電及高效能的功效與目的。 The effect of the present invention is that the annular linear reluctance motor is excited by the excitation coil of each of the linear reluctance motor units to produce the core. The magnetic attraction attracts the solid iron piston to perform a reciprocating linear motion to drive the crankshaft to rotate in the same direction, achieving the effect and purpose of both power saving and high efficiency.
10‧‧‧中心軸線 10‧‧‧ center axis
1‧‧‧環狀殼體 1‧‧‧ annular shell
11‧‧‧軸向穿孔 11‧‧‧Axial perforation
2a、2b、2c、2d、2a’、2b’、2c’、2d’‧‧‧直線式磁阻馬達單元 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2a', 2b', 2c', 2d'‧‧‧ linear reluctance motor unit
21‧‧‧實心鐵座體 21‧‧‧ Solid iron seat
211‧‧‧凸部 211‧‧‧ convex
212‧‧‧倒錐面 212‧‧‧ inverted cone
22‧‧‧不導磁套筒 22‧‧‧non-magnetic sleeve
221‧‧‧第一開口 221‧‧‧ first opening
23‧‧‧激磁線圈 23‧‧‧Exciting coil
24‧‧‧鐵心 24‧‧‧ iron core
25‧‧‧實心鐵蓋體 25‧‧‧ Solid iron cover
251‧‧‧第二開口 251‧‧‧ second opening
26‧‧‧實心鐵活塞 26‧‧‧ Solid iron piston
261‧‧‧第一端 261‧‧‧ first end
262‧‧‧第二端 262‧‧‧ second end
263‧‧‧軸桿 263‧‧‧ shaft
27‧‧‧絕緣殼體 27‧‧‧Insulated housing
28‧‧‧絕緣套筒 28‧‧‧Insulation sleeve
29‧‧‧復位元件 29‧‧‧Reset components
3‧‧‧曲柄軸 3‧‧‧ crankshaft
31‧‧‧曲軸臂 31‧‧‧ crank arm
32‧‧‧第一曲軸臂 32‧‧‧First crank arm
33‧‧‧第二曲軸臂 33‧‧‧second crank arm
4‧‧‧驅動電路 4‧‧‧Drive circuit
41‧‧‧控制器 41‧‧‧ Controller
42‧‧‧第一驅動模組 42‧‧‧First drive module
43‧‧‧第二驅動模組 43‧‧‧Second drive module
44‧‧‧第三驅動模組 44‧‧‧ Third drive module
45‧‧‧第四驅動模組 45‧‧‧fourth drive module
5‧‧‧轉子 5‧‧‧Rotor
5a、5b、5c、5a’、5b’、5c’‧‧‧凸極 5a, 5b, 5c, 5a', 5b', 5c'‧‧‧ salient
Vdc‧‧‧直流電源 Vdc‧‧‧DC power supply
SW1‧‧‧第一開關 SW1‧‧‧ first switch
SW2‧‧‧第二開關 SW2‧‧‧second switch
SW3‧‧‧第三開關 SW3‧‧‧ third switch
SW4‧‧‧第四開關 SW4‧‧‧fourth switch
D1‧‧‧第一二極體 D1‧‧‧First Diode
D2‧‧‧第二二極體 D2‧‧‧ second diode
D3‧‧‧第三二極體 D3‧‧‧ third diode
D4‧‧‧第四二極體 D4‧‧‧ fourth diode
SW5‧‧‧第五開關 SW5‧‧‧ fifth switch
SW6‧‧‧第六開關 SW6‧‧‧ sixth switch
SW7‧‧‧第七開關 SW7‧‧‧ seventh switch
SW8‧‧‧第八開關 SW8‧‧‧ eighth switch
D5‧‧‧第五二極體 D5‧‧‧ fifth diode
D6‧‧‧第六二極體 D6‧‧‧ sixth diode
D7‧‧‧第七二極體 D7‧‧‧ seventh diode
D8‧‧‧第八二極體 D8‧‧‧ eighth diode
t1、t2‧‧‧半週期 t 1 , t 2 ‧‧‧ half cycle
本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施例詳細說明中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一習知磁阻馬達正面剖視示意圖，說明習知磁阻馬達的正面結構；圖2是習知磁阻馬達的工作曲線示意圖；圖3是習知電磁鐵的工作曲線示意圖；圖4是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第一實施例的俯視示意圖；圖5是第一實施例的立體示意圖；圖6是第一實施例的曲柄軸的俯視示意圖；圖7是第一實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元的構造縱向剖面示意圖；圖8是第一實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元的一動作示意圖；圖9是第一實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元的另一動作示意圖；圖10是第一實施例的驅動電路的細部電路圖；圖11是第一實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元的工作曲線示意圖；圖12是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第二實施例的曲 柄軸的俯視示意圖；圖13是第二實施例的剖面示意圖；圖14是第三實施例的剖面示意圖；圖15是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第四實施例的曲柄軸的俯視示意圖；圖16是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第五實施例的曲柄軸的俯視示意圖；圖17是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第六實施例的剖面示意圖；圖18是第六實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元的動作示意圖；圖19是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的第七實施例的俯視示意圖；及圖20是本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之具體實施的俯視示意圖。 The other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a conventional reluctance motor illustrating the front structure of a conventional reluctance motor; 2 is a schematic view of a working curve of a conventional reluctance motor; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a working curve of a conventional electromagnet; FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a first embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing the crankshaft of the first embodiment; FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the linear reluctance motor unit of the first embodiment; FIG. 8 is a straight line of the first embodiment; FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another operation of the linear reluctance motor unit of the first embodiment; FIG. 10 is a detailed circuit diagram of the drive circuit of the first embodiment; FIG. 11 is a first embodiment; Schematic diagram of the working curve of the linear reluctance motor unit of the example; FIG. 12 is a diagram of the second embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment; FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment; and FIG. 15 is a plan view of the crankshaft of the fourth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention. Figure 16 is a top plan view of a crankshaft of a fifth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention; Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention; FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view showing a seventh embodiment of the annular reluctance motor of the present invention; and FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention; A top view of a specific implementation.
在本發明被詳細描述之前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
參閱圖4至圖7，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第一實施例包含：一環狀殼體1、四個直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d，以及一曲柄軸3。 Referring to FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, a first embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention comprises: an annular casing 1, four linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and a crankshaft. 3.
環狀殼體1具有一軸向穿孔11並定義一中心軸線10通過軸向穿孔11的幾何中心。該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d彼此相間隔且相錯開地環設於環狀殼 體1內，具體來說，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d分別位於中心軸線10的四個方向上，如圖4圖面所示的上、下、左、右之方向，且彼此以一角度相間隔，此角度為90度；另由圖5所示，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d彼此上下交錯並相間隔，換言之，任兩個直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d不位在同一水平面上。 The annular housing 1 has an axial bore 11 and defines a geometric center of the central axis 10 through the axial bore 11. The linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are circumferentially and offset from each other in an annular casing In the body 1, specifically, the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are respectively located in four directions of the central axis 10, as shown in the upper, lower, left and right sides of FIG. Directions, and at an angle to each other, the angle is 90 degrees; as shown in Fig. 5, the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are staggered and spaced apart from each other, in other words, any two The linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are not located on the same horizontal plane.
如圖7所示，各直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d主要包括一個實心鐵座體21、一個套設在實心鐵座體21上的不導磁套筒22、一個繞設在不導磁套筒22的外表面的激磁線圈23、一個穿設在不導磁套筒22外圍的鐵心24、一個設在不導磁套筒22的另一端的實心鐵蓋體25，以及一個容置在不導磁套筒22中的實心鐵活塞26。詳細來說，實心鐵座體21的內面中央形成一凸部211，且凸部211的頂面是一倒錐面212。不導磁套筒22是由一種不導磁材料，例如鋁或銅製成，其一端套設在實心鐵座體21的凸部211上，另一端具有一第一開口221。繞設在不導磁套筒22的激磁線圈23的匝數可視實際使用需求繞設500~1000圈不等。穿設在不導磁套筒22外圍的鐵心24是藉由一個包覆在不導磁套筒22外表面的絕緣殼體27，來與激磁線圈23相隔離，且鐵心24的一端面與實心鐵座體21的內面周緣相抵接。 As shown in FIG. 7, each linear reluctance motor unit 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d mainly comprises a solid iron seat body 21, a non-magnetic sleeve 22 sleeved on the solid iron seat body 21, and a winding arrangement. An exciting coil 23 on the outer surface of the non-magnetic sleeve 22, a core 24 penetrating the periphery of the non-magnetic sleeve 22, a solid iron cover 25 provided at the other end of the non-magnetic sleeve 22, and A solid iron piston 26 housed in the non-magnetic sleeve 22. In detail, a convex portion 211 is formed at the center of the inner surface of the solid iron seat body 21, and the top surface of the convex portion 211 is an inverted tapered surface 212. The non-magnetic sleeve 22 is made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or copper, and one end thereof is sleeved on the convex portion 211 of the solid iron seat body 21, and the other end has a first opening 221. The number of turns of the exciting coil 23 wound around the non-magnetic sleeve 22 may vary from 500 to 1000 turns depending on actual use requirements. The core 24 piercing the periphery of the non-magnetic sleeve 22 is separated from the exciting coil 23 by an insulating casing 27 coated on the outer surface of the non-magnetic sleeve 22, and one end and solid end of the core 24 The inner peripheral edge of the iron seat body 21 abuts.
而設在不導磁套筒22的另一端的實心鐵蓋體25與鐵心24的另一端面抵接，且其中央形成一與不導磁套筒22的第一開口221相對且相連通的第二開口251。實 心鐵活塞26具有一第一端261、一相反於第一端261的第二端262及一軸桿263，第一端261容置在不導磁套筒22中，並朝向實心鐵座體21的凸部211，且第一端261形成一錐狀以與凸部211的倒錐面212相配合；第二端262凸出實心鐵蓋體25的第二開口251，而軸桿263由第二端262延伸並朝環狀殼體1的軸向穿孔11凸出(如圖5及圖6所示)，且實心鐵活塞26能相對不導磁套筒22軸向位移而進行活塞運動，使第二端262接近或遠離第二開口251。此外，在不導磁套筒22和實心鐵活塞26之間還套設一絕緣套筒28，將實心鐵活塞26與不導磁套筒22相隔離並絕緣。 The solid iron cover 25 disposed at the other end of the non-magnetic sleeve 22 abuts against the other end surface of the core 24, and a center thereof is formed opposite to and communicates with the first opening 221 of the non-magnetic sleeve 22. The second opening 251. real The core iron piston 26 has a first end 261, a second end 262 opposite to the first end 261, and a shaft 263. The first end 261 is received in the non-magnetic sleeve 22 and faces the solid iron seat body 21. The convex portion 211, and the first end 261 is formed in a tapered shape to cooperate with the inverted tapered surface 212 of the convex portion 211; the second end 262 protrudes from the second opening 251 of the solid iron cover 25, and the shaft 263 is The two ends 262 extend and protrude toward the axial through hole 11 of the annular casing 1 (as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6), and the solid iron piston 26 can move axially relative to the non-magnetic sleeve 22 to perform piston movement. The second end 262 is brought closer to or away from the second opening 251. In addition, an insulating sleeve 28 is interposed between the non-magnetic sleeve 22 and the solid iron piston 26 to isolate and insulate the solid iron piston 26 from the non-magnetic sleeve 22.
又如圖4與圖6所示，曲柄軸3穿設於環狀殼體1的軸向穿孔11並包括四個曲軸臂31，該等曲軸臂31分別朝遠離中心軸線10的四個方向向外凸伸，該等方向相鄰之間的夾角為90度，而該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的實心鐵活塞26的軸桿263分別與對應的該等曲軸臂31樞接。搭配參閱圖8與圖9，各該直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d還包括一復位元件29，復位元件29是設在實心鐵活塞26的第一端261與實心鐵座體21(見圖7)之間的一壓縮彈簧。 As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the crankshaft 3 is disposed through the axial through hole 11 of the annular casing 1 and includes four crank arms 31 which are respectively oriented in four directions away from the central axis 10. The outer protrusions, the angle between the adjacent directions is 90 degrees, and the shafts 263 of the solid iron pistons 26 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the corresponding crank arms respectively 31 is pivoted. Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, each of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d further includes a resetting member 29 which is disposed at the first end 261 of the solid iron piston 26 and the solid iron seat body. A compression spring between 21 (see Figure 7).
以下說明本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第一實施例的運作方式。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention will be described.
當各直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的激磁線圈23被以一預設順序對相對應的鐵心24激磁時，會使鐵心24成為電磁鐵而產生磁吸力將實心鐵活塞26吸入 不導磁套筒22內，如圖9所示，此時，實心鐵活塞26的拉力會帶動曲柄軸3旋轉，並同時壓縮復位元件29；而當激磁線圈23停止對鐵心24激磁，使鐵心24消磁時，復位元件29的反彈力會將實心鐵活塞26推回初始位置(復位)，如圖8所示，同時實心鐵活塞26的推力會帶動曲柄軸3持續朝同一方向旋轉。其中，該等激磁線圈23對鐵心24激磁的預設順序在本第一實施例為由上到下逐一激磁，藉此，當該等激磁線圈23輪流以一特定頻率(決定曲柄軸3的轉速)間斷地對鐵心24激磁時，會使實心鐵活塞26在相對應的不導磁套筒22內持續往復運動而反覆拉推曲柄軸3的曲軸臂31，如此即能帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向持續旋轉，而產生將磁能轉換成機械能的功效。 When the exciting coils 23 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are excited to the corresponding core 24 in a predetermined order, the core 24 becomes an electromagnet and magnetic attraction is generated. The solid iron piston 26 Inhalation In the non-magnetic sleeve 22, as shown in FIG. 9, at this time, the pulling force of the solid iron piston 26 drives the crank shaft 3 to rotate, and simultaneously compresses the reset element 29; and when the exciting coil 23 stops exciting the core 24, the core is made When degaussing 24, the rebounding force of the reset element 29 pushes the solid iron piston 26 back to the initial position (reset), as shown in Fig. 8, while the thrust of the solid iron piston 26 causes the crankshaft 3 to continue to rotate in the same direction. The predetermined sequence of excitation of the cores 24 by the excitation coils 23 is excited from top to bottom in the first embodiment, whereby the excitation coils 23 are rotated at a specific frequency (determining the rotation speed of the crankshaft 3). When the core 24 is intermittently excited, the solid iron piston 26 is continuously reciprocated in the corresponding non-magnetic sleeve 22 to repeatedly pull the crank arm 31 of the crank shaft 3, so that the crank shaft 3 can be driven toward the same The direction continues to rotate, producing the effect of converting magnetic energy into mechanical energy.
且如圖10所示，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d可藉由一驅動電路4來作動，具體地，驅動電路4與該等激磁線圈23電耦接，用以輪流控制各激磁線圈23間斷地對鐵心24激磁。 As shown in FIG. 10, the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d can be actuated by a driving circuit 4, specifically, the driving circuit 4 is electrically coupled to the exciting coils 23 for Each of the exciting coils 23 is alternately excited to energize the core 24 in turn.
參閱圖10，驅動電路4接受一直流電源Vdc，並包括八個開關SW1、SW2、SW3、SW4、SW5、SW6、SW7、SW8和八個二極體D1、D2、D3、D4、D5、D6、D7、D8以及一控制器41。 Referring to FIG. 10, the driving circuit 4 receives the DC power supply Vdc and includes eight switches SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, SW6, SW7, SW8 and eight diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6. , D7, D8 and a controller 41.
其中第一開關SW1的一端與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，另一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接；第二開關SW2的一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，另一端與直流電源 Vdc的負端電耦接；第一二極體D1的N極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接，其P極與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第二二極體D2的P極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，其N極與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，藉此構成第一驅動模組42。 One end of the first switch SW1 is electrically coupled to the positive end of the DC power source Vdc, and the other end is electrically coupled to one end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a; one end of the second switch SW2 and the linear reluctance motor The other end of the excitation coil 23 of the unit 2a is electrically coupled, and the other end is connected to a DC power supply. The negative end of the Vdc is electrically coupled; the N pole of the first diode D1 is electrically coupled to one end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a, and the P pole is electrically coupled to the negative end of the DC power supply Vdc; The P pole of the diode D2 is electrically coupled to the other end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a, and the N pole thereof is electrically coupled to the positive end of the DC power source Vdc, thereby constituting the first driving module 42. .
第三開關SW3的一端與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，另一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接；第四開關SW4的一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，另一端與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第三二極體D3的N極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接，其P極與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第四二極體D4的P極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，其N極與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，藉此構成第二驅動模組43。 One end of the third switch SW3 is electrically coupled to the positive end of the DC power source Vdc, and the other end is electrically coupled to one end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2b; one end of the fourth switch SW4 and the linear reluctance motor unit The other end of the excitation coil 23 of 2b is electrically coupled, and the other end is electrically coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power source Vdc; the N pole of the third diode D3 is electrically coupled to one end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2b. Connected, the P pole is electrically coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdc; the P pole of the fourth diode D4 is electrically coupled to the other end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2b, and the N pole and the DC power supply The positive terminal of Vdc is electrically coupled, thereby constituting the second driving module 43.
第五開關SW5的一端與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，另一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2c的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接；第六開關SW6的一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2c的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，另一端與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第五二極體D5的N極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2c的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接，其P極與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第六二極體D6的P極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2c的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，其N極與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，藉此構成第三驅動模組44。 One end of the fifth switch SW5 is electrically coupled to the positive end of the DC power source Vdc, and the other end is electrically coupled to one end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2c; one end of the sixth switch SW6 and the linear reluctance motor unit The other end of the excitation coil 23 of 2c is electrically coupled, and the other end is electrically coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdc; the N pole of the fifth diode D5 is electrically coupled to one end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2c. Connected, the P pole is electrically coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdc; the P pole of the sixth diode D6 is electrically coupled to the other end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2c, and the N pole and the DC power supply The positive terminal of Vdc is electrically coupled, thereby constituting the third driving module 44.
第七開關SW7的一端與直流電源Vdc的正端電 耦接，另一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2d的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接；第八開關SW8的一端與直線式磁阻馬達單元2d的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，另一端與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第七二極體D7的N極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2d的激磁線圈23的一端電耦接，其P極與直流電源Vdc的負端電耦接；第八二極體D8的P極與直線式磁阻馬達單元2d的激磁線圈23的另一端電耦接，其N極與直流電源Vdc的正端電耦接，藉此構成第四驅動模組45。 One end of the seventh switch SW7 and the positive terminal of the DC power supply Vdc Coupling, the other end is electrically coupled to one end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2d; one end of the eighth switch SW8 is electrically coupled to the other end of the exciting coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2d, and the other end is Electrically coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdc; the N pole of the seventh diode D7 is electrically coupled to one end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2d, and the P pole is electrically coupled with the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdc The P pole of the eighth diode D8 is electrically coupled to the other end of the excitation coil 23 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2d, and the N pole thereof is electrically coupled to the positive end of the DC power source Vdc, thereby forming the fourth drive. Module 45.
藉此，控制器41輪流控制第一至第四驅動模組42~45輪流作動，例如當第一驅動模組42的第一開關SW1和第二開關SW2導通時，第二至第四驅動模組43~45不作動；當第二驅動模組43的第三開關SW3和第四開關SW4導通時，第一及第三、第四驅動模組42、44、45不作動；當第三驅動模組44的第五開關SW5和第六開關SW6導通時，第一、第二及第四驅動模組42、44、45不作動；當第四驅動模組45的第七開關SW7和第八開關SW8導通時，第一至第三驅動模組42~44不作動。 Thereby, the controller 41 alternately controls the first to fourth driving modules 42 to 45 to take turns, for example, when the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 of the first driving module 42 are turned on, the second to fourth driving modes. The groups 43 to 45 are not activated; when the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 of the second driving module 43 are turned on, the first, third, and fourth driving modules 42, 44, 45 are not activated; When the fifth switch SW5 and the sixth switch SW6 of the module 44 are turned on, the first, second, and fourth driving modules 42, 44, 45 are not activated; when the seventh switch SW7 and the eighth of the fourth driving module 45 are When the switch SW8 is turned on, the first to third driving modules 42 to 44 are not activated.
藉此，使直流電源Vdc輪流供應給直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的各該激磁線圈23，使輪流對相對應的鐵心24激磁，使四個實心鐵活塞26輪流在相對應的不導磁套筒22內往復運動，而帶動曲柄軸3持續朝同一方向旋轉，達到將電能轉換成機械能輸出的功能。 Thereby, the DC power source Vdc is alternately supplied to each of the excitation coils 23 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, so that the alternating currents 24 are excited to cause the four solid iron pistons 26 to alternate in phase. The corresponding non-magnetic sleeve 22 reciprocates, and the crank shaft 3 is continuously rotated in the same direction to achieve the function of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy output.
且由於各激磁線圈23的匝數較傳統磁阻馬達的繞組多，產生的磁力大，因此只需供給較小的電流即能讓 鐵心24產生足夠的磁吸力將實心鐵活塞26吸入不導磁套筒22內而帶動曲柄軸3旋轉，如此在電壓固定下能有效節省電力。 Moreover, since the number of turns of each of the exciting coils 23 is larger than that of the conventional reluctance motor, the generated magnetic force is large, so that only a small current can be supplied. The core 24 generates sufficient magnetic force to suck the solid iron piston 26 into the non-magnetic sleeve 22 to drive the crank shaft 3 to rotate, so that the power can be effectively saved under the fixed voltage.
此外，值得一提的是，上述該等激磁線圈23對鐵心24激磁的預設順序並不以此為限，只要能達到各實心鐵活塞26帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向持續旋轉的目的即可。例如本第一實施例也可控制相間隔的兩兩直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2c(同時作動)與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b、2d(同時作動)輪流運作，而同樣能帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向持續旋轉，並不以本第一實施例所揭露的預設順序為限。 In addition, it is worth mentioning that the predetermined order in which the excitation coils 23 are excited by the excitation coils 23 is not limited thereto, as long as the solid iron pistons 26 can drive the crankshafts 3 to rotate in the same direction. . For example, the first embodiment can also control the two-two linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2c (simultaneous actuation) and the linear reluctance motor units 2b, 2d (simultaneous actuation) in turn, and can also drive the crankshaft. 3 Continuous rotation in the same direction is not limited to the preset order disclosed in the first embodiment.
另外，值得一提的是，如圖11所示，本實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的各該激磁線圈23所產生的功率是同時被電壓及電流控制，亦即其產生的功率是由電壓及電流共同決定，此時激磁線圈23呈現磁阻的特性，只會做實功，無虛功，故不會產生反電動勢而不易生熱，因此能防止直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d在工作中不致產生高溫。 In addition, it is worth mentioning that, as shown in FIG. 11, the power generated by each of the excitation coils 23 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d of the present embodiment is simultaneously controlled by voltage and current. That is, the power generated by the voltage and current is determined by the combination of voltage and current. At this time, the exciting coil 23 exhibits a magnetic resistance characteristic, and only performs real work and no virtual work, so that no counter electromotive force is generated and heat is not generated, thereby preventing linear type. The reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d do not generate high temperatures during operation.
參閱圖12與圖13，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第二實施例與第一實施例大致相同，惟，其與第一實施例不同處在於：本第二實施例的曲柄軸3包括四個曲軸臂31，該等曲軸臂31兩兩一組分別朝遠離該中心軸線10的二個方向向外凸伸，其中，該兩方向之間的夾角為180度，直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2c的實心鐵活塞26分別與其中一方向的兩曲軸臂31對應樞接，而直線式磁阻馬達單元 2b、2d的實心鐵活塞26則分別與其中另一方向的兩曲軸臂31對應樞接。驅動電路4之控制方式類似第一實施例，亦即驅動電路4可輪流對直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d激磁，或是驅動電路4控制相間隔的兩兩直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2c(同時作動)與直線式磁阻馬達單元2b、2d(同時作動)輪流運作，同樣能帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向持續旋轉。 Referring to Figures 12 and 13, the second embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is substantially identical to the first embodiment except that it differs from the first embodiment in the crankshaft 3 of the second embodiment. The four crankshaft arms 31 are respectively protruded outwardly from two directions away from the central axis 10, wherein the angle between the two directions is 180 degrees, and the linear reluctance motor The solid iron pistons 26 of the units 2a, 2c are respectively pivotally connected to the two crank arms 31 of one of the directions, and the linear reluctance motor unit The solid iron pistons 26 of 2b and 2d are respectively pivotally connected to the two crank arms 31 in the other direction. The driving circuit 4 is controlled in a similar manner to the first embodiment, that is, the driving circuit 4 can alternately excite the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, or the driving circuit 4 controls the spaced two-two linear reluctances. The motor units 2a, 2c (simultaneous actuation) and the linear reluctance motor units 2b, 2d (simultaneous actuation) are alternately operated, and the crankshaft 3 can be continuously rotated in the same direction.
當然本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達的實施態樣也可為其他結構，舉例來說，參閱圖14，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第三實施例與第二實施例大致相同，惟，其與第二實施例不同處在於：本第三實施例的一曲柄軸3包括兩個相鄰且朝同一方向凸出的第一曲軸臂32，以及兩個相鄰且朝與第一曲軸臂32相反方向凸出的第二曲軸臂33，且其中直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b的實心鐵活塞26與第一曲軸臂32對應樞接，直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d的實心鐵活塞26與第二曲軸臂33對應樞接。而驅動電路4之控制方式類似第一實施例，亦即驅動電路4輪流對直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b以及直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d激磁，使直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b同時作動時，直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d不作動，而當直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d同時作動時，直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b不作動，藉此，以兩直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b或兩直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d輪流推動曲柄軸3旋轉，而同樣能達到將電能轉換成機械能輸出的功效。 Of course, the embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention may be other structures. For example, referring to FIG. 14, the third embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is substantially the same as the second embodiment. However, it differs from the second embodiment in that a crankshaft 3 of the third embodiment includes two first crank arms 32 that are adjacent and projecting in the same direction, and two adjacent and facing first a second crank arm 33 projecting in the opposite direction of the crank arm 32, and wherein the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a, 2b is pivotally connected to the first crank arm 32, and the linear reluctance motor unit 2c, 2d The solid iron piston 26 is pivotally coupled to the second crank arm 33. The driving circuit 4 is controlled in a similar manner to the first embodiment, that is, the driving circuit 4 alternately energizes the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b and the linear reluctance motor units 2c, 2d to make the linear reluctance motor unit 2a, When the 2b is actuated simultaneously, the linear reluctance motor units 2c, 2d are not actuated, and when the linear reluctance motor units 2c, 2d are simultaneously actuated, the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b are not actuated, thereby taking two straight lines The reluctance motor unit 2a, 2b or the two linear reluctance motor units 2c, 2d alternately push the crankshaft 3 to rotate, and the same effect of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy output can be achieved.
參閱圖15，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第四實施例與第二實施例大致相同，惟，其與第二實施例不同處在於：本第四實施例的曲柄軸3包括至少三個曲軸臂31，該等曲軸臂31分別朝遠離該中心軸線10的三個方向向外凸伸，其中，每個方向上會形成至少一曲軸臂31且該等方向相鄰之間的夾角為120度，其餘作動方式同上，於此不再贅述。 Referring to Figure 15, the fourth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is substantially identical to the second embodiment except that it differs from the second embodiment in that the crankshaft 3 of the fourth embodiment includes at least three a crank arm 31, wherein the crank arms 31 respectively protrude outward in three directions away from the central axis 10, wherein at least one crank arm 31 is formed in each direction and an angle between adjacent ones of the directions is 120 degrees, the rest of the action is the same as above, and will not be repeated here.
又，參閱圖16，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第五實施例與第二實施例大致相同，惟，其與第二實施例不同處在於：本第五實施例的曲柄軸3包括至少六個曲軸臂31，該等曲軸臂31分別朝遠離該中心軸線10的六個方向向外凸伸，其中，每個方向上會形成至少一曲軸臂31且該等方向相鄰之間的夾角為60度，其餘作動方式同上，於此不再贅述。 Further, referring to Fig. 16, the fifth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is substantially the same as the second embodiment except that it differs from the second embodiment in that the crankshaft 3 of the fifth embodiment includes At least six crank arms 31 projecting outwardly in six directions away from the central axis 10, wherein at least one crank arm 31 is formed in each direction and adjacent between the directions The angle is 60 degrees, and the rest of the operation is the same as above, and will not be described here.
除此之外，參閱圖17與圖18，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第六實施例與第二實施例大致相同，惟，其與第二實施例不同處在於：本第六實施例是包含兩個彼此相對側設置在環狀殼體1內的直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b皆不包括復位元件29，而曲柄軸3則包括朝相同方向凸伸的一第一曲軸臂32及一第二曲軸臂33，且其中直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的實心鐵活塞26的軸桿263與第一曲軸臂32連接，另一直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的實心鐵活塞26的軸桿263與第二曲軸臂33連接。 In addition, referring to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the sixth embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is substantially the same as the second embodiment, except that it differs from the second embodiment in the sixth embodiment. An example is a linear reluctance motor unit 2a, 2b provided in two opposite sides to each other in the annular casing 1, none of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b including the reset element 29, and the crank shaft 3 A first crank arm 32 and a second crank arm 33 projecting in the same direction are included, and wherein the shaft 263 of the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a is connected to the first crank arm 32, and the other linear type The shaft 263 of the solid iron piston 26 of the reluctance motor unit 2b is connected to the second crank arm 33.
因此，藉由曲柄軸3的構造與兩直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b的相對側設置，如圖17所示，當直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的實心鐵活塞26往不導磁套筒22內移動，會帶動曲柄軸3旋轉，並同時將直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的實心鐵活塞26往不導磁套筒22外拉出，且如圖18所示，當換成直線式磁阻馬達單元2b的實心鐵活塞26往不導磁套筒22內移動，會再帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向旋轉，並同時將直線式磁阻馬達單元2a的實心鐵活塞26往不導磁套筒22外拉出。藉此，當直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b的激磁線圈23輪流對相對應的鐵心24激磁，將會使兩個實心鐵活塞26輪流在相對應的不導磁套筒22內往復運動，而帶動曲柄軸3持續朝同一方向旋轉，因而產生將磁能轉換成機械能的功效。而且由於兩個直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b被輪流激磁時，會輪流將彼此的實心鐵活塞26推出，因此本第六實施例即不需使用前述實施例的復位元件29。當然，前述實施例的環狀直線式磁阻馬達也可透過曲柄軸3的構造與該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d兩兩相對側的設置來省略復位元件29的使用。 Therefore, by the configuration of the crank shaft 3 and the opposite side of the two linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, as shown in Fig. 17, when the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a goes to the non-magnetic sleeve Movement within 22 causes the crankshaft 3 to rotate, and simultaneously pulls the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2b out of the non-magnetic sleeve 22, and as shown in Fig. 18, when replaced with a linear magnetic The solid iron piston 26 of the resistance motor unit 2b moves into the non-magnetic sleeve 22, and then drives the crank shaft 3 to rotate in the same direction, and at the same time, the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a is turned to the non-magnetic sleeve. The barrel 22 is pulled out. Thereby, when the exciting coils 23 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b are alternately excited to the corresponding core 24, the two solid iron pistons 26 will alternately reciprocate in the corresponding non-magnetic sleeves 22, The crank shaft 3 is continuously rotated in the same direction, thereby generating the effect of converting magnetic energy into mechanical energy. Further, since the two linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b are alternately excited, the solid iron pistons 26 of each other are alternately pushed out, so that the reset element 29 of the foregoing embodiment is not required to be used in the sixth embodiment. Of course, the annular linear reluctance motor of the foregoing embodiment can also omit the use of the reset element 29 through the configuration of the crankshaft 3 and the opposite sides of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. .
另外，參閱圖19，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達之第七實施例包含一環狀殼體1、八個直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d、2a’、2b’、2c’、2d’，及一轉子5。各直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d、2a’、2b’、2c’、2d’彼此以相同角度相間隔地設置在環狀殼體1內且位於同一平面，並且直線式磁阻馬達單元(2a、2a’)、(2b、2b’)、(2c 、2c’)、(2d、2d’)兩兩相對且位於同一直線，而且本實施例的直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d、2a’、2b’、2c’、2d’不需要前述實施例的復位元件29。轉子5穿設於環狀殼體1的軸向穿孔11並具有與該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d、2a’、2b’、2c’、2d’位於同一平面的六個以相同角度相間隔的凸極5a、5b、5c、5a’、5b’、5c’，且凸極(5a、5a’)、(5b、5b’)、(5c、5c’)、(5d、5d’)兩兩相對且位於同一直線。而且本實施例的驅動電路類似圖11所示，只是圖11是以第一至第四驅動模組42~45輪流驅動相對應的四個直線式磁阻馬達單元，而本實施例的驅動電路則需要八個驅動模組驅動相對應的直線式磁阻馬達單元(2a、2a’)、(2b、2b’)、(2c、2c’)、(2d、2d’)，其中每一驅動模組與圖11中的驅動模組42~45的電路相同。藉此，例如當直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2a’被相對應的驅動模組驅動(即藉由激磁線圈23對相對應的鐵心24激磁)，使直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2a’之實心鐵活塞26產生磁力吸引轉子5之凸極5a、5a’朝直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2a’之實心鐵活塞26的方向移動，如圖19所示，再接著讓直線式磁阻馬達單元2b、2b’被相對應的驅動模組驅動，使其實心鐵活塞26產生磁力吸引轉子5之凸極5b、5b’朝直線式磁阻馬達單元2b、2b’之實心鐵活塞26的方向移動，然後接著以相同方式依序對直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2c’與直線式磁阻馬達單元2d、2d’激磁，就能驅動轉子5順時針運轉，反之，若依序對直線式磁阻馬達單元2d、2d’、2c、2c’、2b、2b’、 2a、2a’激磁，就能驅動轉子5逆時針運轉，如此同樣能達到將電能轉換成機械能輸出的功效。再者，本實施例可應用於一引擎(未圖示)，使轉子5與該引擎的一曲柄軸同軸以帶動該引擎的多個活塞運作，達到省電的效果。 In addition, referring to FIG. 19, a seventh embodiment of the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention comprises an annular casing 1, eight linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2a', 2b', 2c', 2d', and a rotor 5. Each of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2a', 2b', 2c', 2d' is disposed at the same angle from each other in the annular casing 1 and in the same plane, and the linear magnetic Resistance motor unit (2a, 2a'), (2b, 2b'), (2c 2c'), (2d, 2d') are opposite and located on the same straight line, and the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2a', 2b', 2c', 2d' of the present embodiment are not The reset element 29 of the previous embodiment is required. The rotor 5 is disposed through the axial through hole 11 of the annular casing 1 and has six planes in the same plane as the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2a', 2b', 2c', 2d' Salient poles 5a, 5b, 5c, 5a', 5b', 5c' spaced apart by the same angle, and salient poles (5a, 5a'), (5b, 5b'), (5c, 5c'), (5d , 5d') Two pairs are opposite and on the same line. Moreover, the driving circuit of this embodiment is similar to that shown in FIG. 11, except that FIG. 11 is a four-line reluctance motor unit correspondingly driven by the first to fourth driving modules 42-45, and the driving circuit of the embodiment Then, eight drive modules are required to drive the corresponding linear reluctance motor units (2a, 2a'), (2b, 2b'), (2c, 2c'), (2d, 2d'), wherein each drive mode The group is the same as the circuit of the drive modules 42 to 45 in FIG. Thereby, for example, when the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2a' are driven by the corresponding driving modules (ie, the exciting cores 24 are excited by the exciting coils 23), the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2a' are caused. The solid iron piston 26 generates a magnetic attraction to move the salient poles 5a, 5a' of the rotor 5 toward the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2a, 2a', as shown in Fig. 19, and then the linear reluctance The motor units 2b, 2b' are driven by the corresponding drive modules, so that the solid iron piston 26 generates a magnetic attraction to attract the salient poles 5b, 5b' of the rotor 5 toward the solid iron piston 26 of the linear reluctance motor unit 2b, 2b'. The direction is moved, and then the linear reluctance motor units 2c, 2c' and the linear reluctance motor units 2d, 2d' are sequentially excited in the same manner to drive the rotor 5 clockwise, and vice versa. Reluctance motor unit 2d, 2d', 2c, 2c', 2b, 2b', 2a, 2a' excitation, can drive the rotor 5 to run counterclockwise, so as to achieve the effect of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy output. Furthermore, the embodiment can be applied to an engine (not shown) such that the rotor 5 is coaxial with a crankshaft of the engine to drive a plurality of pistons of the engine to achieve a power saving effect.
參閱圖20，更具體來說，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達可應用於定子12極對轉子8極的實施態樣，圖20僅示意繪出其中一相，該等直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的激磁線圈之間的電耦接方式可由任何型式之串聯、並聯所組成，例如直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b的激磁線圈串聯為一組，直線式磁阻馬達單元2c、2d的激磁線圈串聯為另一組，而兩組激磁線圈再以並聯方式作連接，使得環狀直線式磁阻馬達可於正半週期t1及負半週期t2之間產生交變磁場，雖控制較為複雜，但更能達到省電的效果。反觀習知的磁阻馬達，同相位的凸極之線圈只能串聯，因而其磁場不可交變，只能作實功，雖其控制較為簡單，但卻更加的耗電。再者，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達實際上是作成寬扁型的態樣，而習知的磁阻馬達卻是瘦長型的態樣，因此，本發明環狀直線式磁阻馬達不僅較習知的磁阻馬達更加省電，在具體結構上亦與習知的磁阻馬達有很大的差異。 Referring to FIG. 20, more specifically, the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention can be applied to the embodiment of the stator 12 pole to the rotor 8 pole, and FIG. 20 only schematically depicts one of the phases, the linear reluctance motor The electrical coupling between the excitation coils of the units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d may be formed by any type of series connection, for example, the excitation coils of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b are connected in series, a linear reluctance The excitation coils of the motor units 2c, 2d are connected in series to another group, and the two sets of excitation coils are connected in parallel so that the annular linear reluctance motor can be generated between the positive half cycle t 1 and the negative half cycle t 2 Alternating magnetic field, although the control is more complicated, but it can achieve the effect of power saving. On the other hand, the reluctance motor of the conventional phase can only be connected in series with the coils of the salient poles of the same phase, so that the magnetic field cannot be alternated and can only be used for actual work. Although the control is relatively simple, it is more power-consuming. Furthermore, the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is actually formed into a wide flat shape, whereas the conventional reluctance motor is of a slim type, and therefore, the annular linear reluctance motor of the present invention is not only The conventional reluctance motor is more power-saving, and is also significantly different in structure from the conventional reluctance motor.
綜上所述，環狀直線式磁阻馬達透過各直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d的激磁線圈23對鐵心24激磁，使產生的磁吸力吸引實心鐵活塞26進行往復的直線運動，以帶動曲柄軸3朝同一方向旋轉，並藉由驅動電路4 以一適當頻率間斷地對一或多個直線式磁阻馬達單元2a、2b、2c、2d激磁，使控制曲柄軸3以一定轉速旋轉，達到兼具省電及高效能的功效，故確實能達成本發明之目的。 In summary, the annular linear reluctance motor excites the core 24 through the exciting coils 23 of the linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, so that the generated magnetic attraction attracts the solid iron piston 26 to reciprocate. Movement to drive the crankshaft 3 to rotate in the same direction and by the drive circuit 4 Exciting one or more linear reluctance motor units 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d intermittently at an appropriate frequency to rotate the control crankshaft 3 at a certain rotational speed, thereby achieving both power saving and high efficiency, so The object of the invention is achieved.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.
1‧‧‧環狀殼體 1‧‧‧ annular shell
11‧‧‧軸向穿孔 11‧‧‧Axial perforation
2a、2b、2c、2d‧‧‧直線式磁阻馬達單元 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d‧‧‧ linear reluctance motor unit
22‧‧‧不導磁套筒 22‧‧‧non-magnetic sleeve
26‧‧‧實心鐵活塞 26‧‧‧ Solid iron piston
263‧‧‧軸桿 263‧‧‧ shaft
29‧‧‧復位元件 29‧‧‧Reset components
3‧‧‧曲柄軸 3‧‧‧ crankshaft
Claims (9)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW104113541A TWI608688B (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2015-04-28 | Circular linear reluctance motor |
| CN201610204071.2A CN106100282B (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-04-01 | annular linear reluctance motor |
| CN201620271775.7U CN205544873U (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-04-01 | Annular linear reluctance motor |
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| TW104113541A TWI608688B (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2015-04-28 | Circular linear reluctance motor |
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| TWI608688B true TWI608688B (en) | 2017-12-11 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3946706A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-03-30 | Yves Pailler | Rotary machines comprising four cylinders in a star |
| US6278204B1 (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-08-21 | Eugene Roland Frenette | Method of converting internal combustion engine into electrically driven engine |
| TW201134063A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-01 | Lin Tao Chi | Generation device |
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| US6854530B1 (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-02-15 | Chih Hao Yiu | Method for driving electric percussion tool |
| US7503400B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2009-03-17 | Arrow Fastener Co., Inc. | Two shot power nailer |
| WO2007058590A2 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Stridsberg Innovation Ab | Hybrid vehicle with soft shafts |
| US8866350B2 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2014-10-21 | Magtricity, Llc | Electro-magnetic engine with pivoting piston head |
| WO2011091109A1 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-07-28 | Energy Engines, Inc. | Magnetic gear |
| TWI608688B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2017-12-11 | Fu Tzu Hsu | Circular linear reluctance motor |
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2016
- 2016-04-01 CN CN201620271775.7U patent/CN205544873U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3946706A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-03-30 | Yves Pailler | Rotary machines comprising four cylinders in a star |
| US6278204B1 (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-08-21 | Eugene Roland Frenette | Method of converting internal combustion engine into electrically driven engine |
| TW201134063A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-01 | Lin Tao Chi | Generation device |
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| TW201639276A (en) | 2016-11-01 |
| CN106100282B (en) | 2018-07-20 |
| CN106100282A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN205544873U (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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