TWI601366B - A power supply and voltage calibration method - Google Patents
A power supply and voltage calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI601366B TWI601366B TW105117499A TW105117499A TWI601366B TW I601366 B TWI601366 B TW I601366B TW 105117499 A TW105117499 A TW 105117499A TW 105117499 A TW105117499 A TW 105117499A TW I601366 B TWI601366 B TW I601366B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Description
本發明是有關於一種校正方法，特別是指一種電壓校正方法及實施該電壓校正方法的電源供應器。 The present invention relates to a calibration method, and more particularly to a voltage calibration method and a power supply implementing the voltage calibration method.
一般而言，所有元件的參數都存在差異，如製程誤差，尤其是電源供應器(Power Supply Unit；PSU)所具有的電容器上的跨壓，不但可能會影響電源供應器的效能，並降低電源產品的可靠度，同時在設計上也必須藉由預留更多餘裕度來克服該電容器上的跨壓不夠精準的問題。在電源供應器的技術領域中，該電容器通常被稱為Bulk Capacitor，該電容器上的跨壓通常被稱為Bulk Voltage。 In general, there are differences in the parameters of all components, such as process error, especially the voltage across the capacitors of the Power Supply Unit (PSU), which may not only affect the performance of the power supply, but also reduce the power supply. The reliability of the product, as well as the design must also overcome the problem of insufficient cross-pressure on the capacitor by preserving more margin. In the technical field of power supplies, this capacitor is often referred to as a Bulk Capacitor, and the voltage across the capacitor is commonly referred to as Bulk Voltage.
習知的電源供應器在生產製造時，可以在產線上利用電錶量測該電容器上的跨壓的實際值，再補償其誤差來完成校準，以解決該電容器上的跨壓不夠精準的問題。然而，由於該電容器上的跨壓通常無法直接在電源供應器的輸出端量測，必須將電源供應器的機殼打開才能量測，此動作不但可能對產線上的作業人員造成 危害(因為高電壓觸電)，亦可能造成電源供應器的損壞，同時也浪費產線上的製造時間。此外，習知的電源供應器即使在產線上已完成校準，但也可能因為其他不正常因素導致該電容器上的跨壓發生變異，再次導致效能及可靠度的降低。 When the conventional power supply is manufactured, the actual value of the voltage across the capacitor can be measured on the production line, and the error is compensated to complete the calibration to solve the problem that the voltage across the capacitor is not accurate enough. However, since the voltage across the capacitor is usually not directly measured at the output of the power supply, the chassis of the power supply must be turned on to measure. This action may not only cause problems on the production line. Hazards (because of high voltage shocks) can also cause damage to the power supply and waste manufacturing time on the production line. In addition, the conventional power supply has been calibrated even on the production line, but the cross-voltage on the capacitor may be mutated due to other abnormal factors, which again leads to a decrease in performance and reliability.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種具有高可靠度的電源供應器及電壓校正方法。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply and voltage correction method with high reliability.
於是，根據本發明之一觀點，提供一種電源供應器，該電源供應器包含一直流對直流升壓轉換器、一電容器、一直流對直流降壓轉換器、及一控制單元。 Thus, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a power supply is provided that includes a DC-to-DC boost converter, a capacitor, a DC-to-DC buck converter, and a control unit.
該直流對直流升壓轉換器接收一輸入電壓，且將該輸入電壓轉換而輸出為一轉換器輸出電壓。該電容器具有一電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器的第一端及一接地的第二端，並接收該轉換器輸出電壓。該直流對直流降壓轉換器電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器及該電容器的該第一端，以接收該轉換器輸出電壓，並將該轉換器輸出電壓轉換而輸出為一直流輸出電壓。 The DC-to-DC boost converter receives an input voltage and converts the input voltage to output a converter output voltage. The capacitor has a first end electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter and a second end connected to the ground, and receives the converter output voltage. The DC-to-DC buck converter is electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter and the first end of the capacitor to receive the converter output voltage, and convert the converter output voltage to output a DC output voltage .
該控制單元電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器，以分別接收該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓。在該直流對直流升壓轉換器關閉時，該控制單元分別對該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓採樣，且在判斷該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓穩定之後，至少根據該輸 入電壓計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的一計算值，且根據該計算值及該轉換器輸出電壓決定一校正參數。當該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，該控制單元根據該校正參數及該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值，計算一校正值，並將該校正值傳送至該直流對直流升壓轉換器以補償該直流對直流升壓轉換器的輸出電壓。 The control unit is electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter to receive the input voltage and the converter output voltage, respectively. When the DC-to-DC boost converter is turned off, the control unit separately samples the input voltage and the converter output voltage, and after determining that the input voltage and the converter output voltage are stable, at least according to the input The input voltage calculates a calculated value corresponding to the output voltage of the converter, and a correction parameter is determined according to the calculated value and the output voltage of the converter. When the DC-to-DC boost converter is turned on, the control unit calculates a correction value according to the calibration parameter and the sampling value of the converter output voltage, and transmits the correction value to the DC-to-DC boost converter. Compensating for the output voltage of the DC-to-DC boost converter.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，該直流對直流升壓轉換器包括一升壓電感器、一升壓二極體、及一升壓開關。該升壓電感器包含一接收該輸入電壓的第一端，及一第二端。該升壓二極體包含一電連接該升壓電感器的該第二端的第一端，及一電連接該電容器的該第一端的第二端。該升壓開關包含一電連接該升壓電感器的該第二端的第一端，及一接地的第二端。 In some implementations, the DC-to-DC boost converter includes a boost inductor, a boost diode, and a boost switch. The boost inductor includes a first end receiving the input voltage and a second end. The boost diode includes a first end electrically coupled to the second end of the boost inductor and a second end electrically coupled to the first end of the capacitor. The boost switch includes a first end electrically connected to the second end of the boost inductor and a grounded second end.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值V1，其中，Vpeak是該輸入電壓的峰值，VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該升壓電感器及該升壓二極體，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In some implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the calculated value V 1 corresponding to the converter output voltage according to the following formula, where V peak is the peak value of the input voltage, and V Trace is the input voltage via the boost The magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the inductor and the boost diode, the charging path for charging the capacitor.
V1=Vpeak-VTrace V 1 =V peak -V Trace
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該電源供應器還包含一旁路電路，包含一接收該輸入電壓的第一端，及一電連接該電容器的該第一端的第二端，並與該直流對直流升壓轉換器並聯設置。 In other implementations, the power supply further includes a bypass circuit including a first end receiving the input voltage, and a second end electrically connected to the first end of the capacitor, and The DC to DC boost converters are placed in parallel.
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公 式計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值V1，其中，Vpeak是該輸入電壓的峰值，VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該旁路電路，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In other implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the calculated value V 1 corresponding to the converter output voltage according to the following formula, where V peak is the peak value of the input voltage, and V Trace is the input voltage via the side Circuit circuit, the magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path that charges the capacitor.
V1=Vpeak-VTrace V 1 =V peak -V Trace
在一些實施態樣中，其中，該輸入電壓的峰值Vpeak可以是藉由採樣該輸入電壓直接獲得，也可以是該控制單元藉由採樣該輸入電壓的有效值Vrms之後，再以下列公式計算而間接獲得。 In some implementations, the peak value V peak of the input voltage may be directly obtained by sampling the input voltage, or the control unit may sample the effective value V rms of the input voltage by using the following formula. Calculated indirectly.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正參數(Slope)，其中，V2是該控制單元對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In some implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction parameter (Slope) according to the following formula, wherein V 2 is a sample value of the converter output voltage of the control unit.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正值VBulk(Result)，其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元在該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In some implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction value V Bulk (Result) according to the following formula, where V Bulk (Sample) is when the DC-DC boost converter is turned on by the control unit The sampled value of the converter output voltage.
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample) V Bulk(Result) =S lope *V Bulk(Sample)
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正參數(Slope)，並還根據下列另一公式計算一偏移參數(Offset)，其中，V11及V21是在一第一時間點時，該控制單元分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V11)，及對該轉換器輸 出電壓的採樣值(V21)，V12及V22是在一第二時間點時，該控制單元分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V12)，及對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值(V22)。 In other implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction parameter (Slope) according to the following formula, and further calculates an offset parameter (Offset) according to another formula, wherein V 11 and V 21 are in one At the first time point, the control unit respectively calculates the calculated value (V 11 ) corresponding to the converter output voltage, and the sampled value (V 21 ) of the converter output voltage, V 12 and V 22 are in a At two time points, the control unit calculates the calculated value (V 12 ) corresponding to the converter output voltage and the sampled value (V 22 ) of the converter output voltage.
Offset=V11-V21*Slope Offset=V 11 -V 21 * Slope
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正值VBulk(Result)，其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元在該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In other implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction value V Bulk (Result) according to the following formula, where V Bulk (Sample) is when the control unit is turned on by the DC-DC boost converter The sampled value of the converter output voltage.
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample)+Offset V Bulk(Result) =S lope *V Bulk(Sample) +O ffset
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該電源供應器還包含一電阻器及一開關元件。該電阻器及該開關元件並聯，並都電連接於該直流對直流升壓轉換器，其中，該輸入電壓對該電容器充電的充電路徑還包含該開關元件與該電阻器，使得VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該開關元件與該電阻器、該升壓電感器、及該升壓二極體，或者，使得VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該開關元件與該電阻器、及該旁路電路，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In other implementations, the power supply further includes a resistor and a switching element. The resistor and the switching element are connected in parallel and are electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter, wherein the charging path for charging the capacitor by the input voltage further includes the switching element and the resistor, such that V Trace is the input And a voltage is passed through the switching element and the resistor, the boost inductor, and the boost diode, or V Trace is the input voltage via the switching element and the resistor, and the bypass circuit The magnitude of the loop drop in the charging path for capacitor charging.
在另一些實施態樣中，該電源供應器適用於接收一交流輸入電壓，並還包含一整流器，其中，該整流器電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器，並接收該交流輸入電壓，且將該交流輸入電壓轉換而輸出為該輸入電壓，且該輸入電壓是一種直流輸入電壓。 In other implementations, the power supply is adapted to receive an AC input voltage, and further comprising a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is electrically coupled to the DC-to-DC boost converter and receives the AC input voltage, and The AC input voltage is converted and output as the input voltage, and the input voltage is a DC input voltage.
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該整流器、該升壓電感器、及該升壓二極體，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。或者，VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該整流器及該旁路電路，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In other implementations, V Trace is a magnitude of a loop voltage drop of a charging path of the input voltage via the rectifier, the boost inductor, and the boost diode to charge the capacitor. Alternatively, V Trace is the magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path for charging the capacitor via the rectifier and the bypass circuit.
在另一些實施態樣中，該電源供應器還包含一電阻器及一開關元件。該電阻器及該開關元件並聯，並都電連接於該整流器及該直流對直流升壓轉換器之間，其中，該輸入電壓對該電容器充電的充電路徑還包含該開關元件與該電阻器，使得VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該整流器、該開關元件與該電阻器、該升壓電感器、及該升壓二極體，或者，VTrace是該交流輸入電壓經由該整流器、該開關元件與該電阻器、及該旁路電路，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In other implementations, the power supply further includes a resistor and a switching element. The resistor and the switching element are connected in parallel and are electrically connected between the rectifier and the DC-to-DC boost converter, wherein the charging path for charging the capacitor by the input voltage further includes the switching element and the resistor, so that V Trace is the input voltage via the rectifier, the switching element and the resistor, the boost inductor, and the boost diode, or V Trace is the AC input voltage via the rectifier, the switching element, and the The resistor, and the bypass circuit, the magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path that charges the capacitor. The magnitude of the loop drop in the charging path that charges the capacitor.
根據本發明之另一觀點，提供一種電壓校正方法，適用於一電源供應器。該電源供應器包含一直流對直流升壓轉換器、一電容器、一直流對直流降壓轉換器、及一控制單元。該直流對直流升壓轉換器接收一輸入電壓並轉換而輸出為一轉換器輸出電壓。該電容器電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器以接收該轉換器輸出電壓。該直流對直流降壓轉換器電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器及該電容器以接收該轉換器輸出電壓並轉換而輸出為一直流輸出電 壓。該控制單元電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器以接收該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓。該電壓校正方法藉由該控制單元實施，並包含下列步驟：(a)當該直流對直流升壓轉換器關閉時，該控制單元分別對該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓採樣；(b)該控制單元判斷該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓是否穩定，當該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓尚未穩定時，重複步驟(a)；及(c)當該控制單元判斷該輸入電壓及該轉換器輸出電壓已穩定時，該控制單元至少根據該輸入電壓計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的一計算值，且根據該計算值及該轉換器輸出電壓決定一校正參數。 According to another aspect of the present invention, a voltage correction method is provided for use in a power supply. The power supply includes a DC-to-DC boost converter, a capacitor, a DC-to-DC buck converter, and a control unit. The DC-to-DC boost converter receives an input voltage and converts the output to a converter output voltage. The capacitor is electrically coupled to the DC to DC boost converter to receive the converter output voltage. The DC-to-DC buck converter is electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter and the capacitor to receive the converter output voltage and converted to output as a DC output Pressure. The control unit is electrically coupled to the DC-to-DC boost converter to receive the input voltage and the converter output voltage. The voltage correction method is implemented by the control unit and includes the following steps: (a) when the DC-to-DC boost converter is turned off, the control unit separately samples the input voltage and the converter output voltage; (b) The control unit determines whether the input voltage and the converter output voltage are stable, and repeats the step (a) when the input voltage and the converter output voltage are not stabilized; and (c) when the control unit determines the input voltage and the When the converter output voltage has stabilized, the control unit calculates a calculated value corresponding to the converter output voltage according to the input voltage, and determines a correction parameter according to the calculated value and the converter output voltage.
在一些實施態樣中，該電壓校正方法還包含在步驟(a)之前的步驟(k)及在步驟(c)之後的步驟(d)：(k)當該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，該控制單元發出一信號至該直流對直流升壓轉換器以關閉該直流對直流升壓轉換器；及(d)當該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，該控制單元根據該校正參數及該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值，計算一校正值，並將該校正值傳送至該直流對直流升壓轉換器，以補償該直流對直流升壓轉換器的輸出電壓。 In some implementations, the voltage correction method further includes the step (k) before the step (a) and the step (d) after the step (c): (k) when the DC-to-DC boost converter is turned on. The control unit sends a signal to the DC-to-DC boost converter to turn off the DC-to-DC boost converter; and (d) when the DC-to-DC boost converter is turned on, the control unit corrects according to the correction The parameter and the sampled value of the converter output voltage, calculate a correction value, and transmit the correction value to the DC-to-DC boost converter to compensate the output voltage of the DC-to-DC boost converter.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，在步驟(c)中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值V1，其中， Vpeak是該輸入電壓的峰值，VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該直流對直流升壓轉換器的一升壓二極體，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In some implementations, wherein, in step (c), the control unit calculates the calculated value V 1 corresponding to the converter output voltage according to the following formula, where V peak is the peak value of the input voltage, and V Trace is The input voltage is via a boost diode of the DC-to-DC boost converter, and the magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path that charges the capacitor.
V1=Vpeak-VTrace V 1 =V peak -V Trace
在一些實施態樣中，其中，在步驟(c)中，該輸入電壓的峰值Vpeak可以是該控制單元藉由採樣該輸入電壓直接獲得，也可以是該控制單元藉由採樣該輸入電壓的有效值Vrms之後，再以下列公式計算而間接獲得。 In some implementations, in step (c), the peak value V peak of the input voltage may be obtained directly by the control unit by sampling the input voltage, or may be the control unit sampling the input voltage. After the effective value V rms , it is obtained indirectly by the following formula.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，在步驟(c)中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正參數Slope，其中，V2是該控制單元對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In some implementations, wherein in step (c), the control unit calculates the correction parameter Slope according to the following formula, wherein V 2 is a sampled value of the converter output voltage by the control unit.
在一些實施態樣中，其中，在步驟(d)中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正值VBulk(Result)，其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元在該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In some implementations, wherein, in step (d), the control unit calculates the correction value V Bulk (Result) according to the following formula, wherein V Bulk (Sample) is the DC voltage boost of the control unit A sample of the output voltage to the converter when the converter is turned on.
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample) V Bulk(Result) =S lope *V Bulk(Sample)
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正參數(Slope)，並還根據下列另一公式計算一偏移參 數(Offset)，其中，V11及V21是在一第一時間點時，該控制單元分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V11)，及對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值(V21)，V12及V22是在一第二時間點時，該控制單元分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V12)，及對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值(V22)。 In other implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction parameter (Slope) according to the following formula, and further calculates an offset parameter (Offset) according to another formula, wherein V 11 and V 21 are in one At the first time point, the control unit respectively calculates the calculated value (V 11 ) corresponding to the converter output voltage, and the sampled value (V 21 ) of the converter output voltage, V 12 and V 22 are in a At two time points, the control unit calculates the calculated value (V 12 ) corresponding to the converter output voltage and the sampled value (V 22 ) of the converter output voltage.
Offset=V11-V21*Slope Offset=V 11 -V 21 * Slope
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該控制單元根據下列公式計算該校正值VBulk(Result)，其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元在該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值。 In other implementations, wherein the control unit calculates the correction value V Bulk (Result) according to the following formula, where V Bulk (Sample) is when the control unit is turned on by the DC-DC boost converter The sampled value of the converter output voltage.
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample)+Offset V Bulk(Result) =S lope *V Bulk(Sample) +O ffset
在另一些實施態樣中，其中，該電源供應器還包含一電阻器及一開關元件。該電阻器及該開關元件並聯，並都電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器。該旁路電路經由該電阻器及該開關元件接收該輸入電壓。其中，在步驟(c)中，該輸入電壓對該電容器充電的充電路徑還包含該開關元件與該電阻器，使得VTrace是該輸入電壓經由該開關元件與該電阻器、及該直流對直流升壓轉換器的該升壓二極體，對該電容器充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In other implementations, the power supply further includes a resistor and a switching element. The resistor and the switching element are connected in parallel and are electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter. The bypass circuit receives the input voltage via the resistor and the switching element. Wherein, in the step (c), the charging path for charging the capacitor by the input voltage further comprises the switching element and the resistor, such that V Trace is the input voltage via the switching element and the resistor, and the DC-DC The boost diode of the boost converter, the magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path that charges the capacitor.
本發明至少具有以下功效：藉由該電源供應器的該控制單元實施該電壓校正方法，在該直流對直流電壓升壓轉換器關閉 的情況下，該控制單元利用簡單的信號採樣及數值計算，即能獲得有效的該校正參數及該校正值，以控制該直流對直流升壓轉換器調整相關於所輸出的該轉換器輸出電壓的設定，使得該轉換器輸出電壓的實際量測值保持不變，進而使得該直流對直流降壓轉換器的該直流輸出電壓保持不變，而能提高電源供應器的可靠度。 The present invention has at least the following effects: the voltage correction method is implemented by the control unit of the power supply, and the DC-to-DC voltage boost converter is turned off. In the case of the control unit, using simple signal sampling and numerical calculation, the effective calibration parameter and the correction value can be obtained to control the DC-to-DC boost converter to adjust the output voltage of the converter. The setting makes the actual measured value of the converter output voltage remain unchanged, so that the DC output voltage of the DC-to-DC buck converter remains unchanged, and the reliability of the power supply can be improved.
1‧‧‧交流電源 1‧‧‧AC power supply
2‧‧‧整流器 2‧‧‧Rectifier
3‧‧‧開關元件 3‧‧‧Switching elements
4‧‧‧直流對直流升壓轉換器 4‧‧‧DC to DC Boost Converter
41‧‧‧升壓電感器 41‧‧‧Boost Inductors
42‧‧‧升壓二極體 42‧‧‧Boost diode
43‧‧‧升壓開關 43‧‧‧Boost switch
5‧‧‧直流對直流降壓轉換器 5‧‧‧DC to DC Buck Converter
6‧‧‧控制單元 6‧‧‧Control unit
7‧‧‧旁路電路 7‧‧‧Bypass circuit
9‧‧‧電源供應器 9‧‧‧Power supply
Vs‧‧‧交流輸入電壓 V s ‧‧‧AC input voltage
Vin‧‧‧直流輸入電壓 V in ‧‧‧DC input voltage
VBulk‧‧‧轉換器輸出電壓 V Bulk ‧‧‧ converter output voltage
Vout‧‧‧直流輸出電壓 V out ‧‧‧DC output voltage
R1‧‧‧電阻器 R 1 ‧‧‧Resistors
C1‧‧‧電容器 C 1 ‧‧‧ capacitor
S0~S5‧‧‧步驟 S0~S5‧‧‧Steps
本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一方塊圖，說明本發明電源供應器的一實施例；圖2是一時序圖，說明該實施例的一整流器的輸入及輸出之間的關係；圖3是一流程圖，說明本發明該實施例所執行的電壓校正方法；及圖4是一時序圖，說明該實施例應用的另一種態樣。 Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the power supply of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a timing diagram illustrating The relationship between the input and the output of a rectifier of this embodiment; FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the voltage correction method performed by the embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating another application of the embodiment. A way of doing it.
在本發明被詳細描述之前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
參閱圖1，本發明電源供應器9之一實施例，適用於電 連接一交流電源1以接收一交流輸入電壓Vs，並包含一整流器2、一直流對直流升壓轉換器(DC/DC Boost Converter)4、一電容器C1、一旁路電路(Bypass Circuit)7、一電阻器R1、一開關元件3、一直流對直流降壓轉換器(DC/DC Step-Down Converter)5、及一控制單元6。 Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a power supply 9 of the present invention is adapted to electrically connect an AC power source 1 to receive an AC input voltage V s and includes a rectifier 2 and a DC-to-DC boost converter (DC/DC). Boost Converter) 4, a capacitor C 1 , a bypass circuit 7 , a resistor R 1 , a switching element 3 , a DC/DC Step-Down Converter 5 , and A control unit 6.
參閱圖1與圖2，該整流器2接收該交流輸入電壓Vs，並將該交流輸入電壓Vs轉換而輸出為一直流輸入電壓Vin。在本實施例中，該整流器2是一種橋式全波整流器，並將該交流輸入電壓Vs(如圖2所示)的電壓值小於零的部分，轉變為正值且振幅保持不變，而輸出為該直流輸入電壓Vin(如圖2所示)，而在其他實施例中，該整流器2也可以是其他種類的整流器，或者省略該整流器2，不在此限。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the rectifier 2 receives the AC input voltage V s and converts the AC input voltage V s to output a DC input voltage V in . In this embodiment, the rectifier 2 is a bridge full-wave rectifier, and converts the portion of the AC input voltage V s (shown in FIG. 2 ) whose voltage value is less than zero into a positive value and the amplitude remains unchanged. The output is the DC input voltage V in (as shown in FIG. 2 ), and in other embodiments, the rectifier 2 may be other types of rectifiers, or the rectifier 2 is omitted.
該電阻器R1及該開關元件3並聯，並都電連接於該整流器2及該直流對直流升壓轉換器4之間。該電阻器R1是作為一限流電阻來使用，以預防該電源供應器9在啟動時的湧浪電流(Inrush Current)。在本實施例中，該開關元件3是一繼電器(Relay)，但不在此限。 The resistor R 1 and the switching element 3 are connected in parallel and are electrically connected between the rectifier 2 and the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 . The resistor R 1 is used as a current limiting resistor to prevent the inrush current of the power supply 9 at startup. In this embodiment, the switching element 3 is a relay, but is not limited thereto.
該直流對直流升壓轉換器4電連接該電阻器R1及該開關元件3以接收該直流輸入電壓Vin，且將該直流輸入電壓Vin轉換而輸出為一轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。特別值得一提的是：該直流對 直流升壓轉換器4不限於只能將該直流輸入電壓Vin升壓後而輸出為該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4也可以將該直流輸入電壓Vin不升壓且不降壓，例如保持原來輸出電壓的大小，而輸出為該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。此外，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4也可以提供功率因素校正(Power Factor Correction；PFC)的功能。在本實施例中，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4包括：一升壓電感器，包含一接收該輸入電壓的第一端，及一第二端；一升壓二極體，包含一電連接該升壓電感器的該第二端的第一端，及一電連接該電容器的該第一端的第二端；及一升壓開關，包含一電連接該升壓電感器的該第二端的第一端，及一接地的第二端。 The DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is electrically connected to the resistor R 1 and the switching element 3 to receive the DC input voltage V in , and converts the DC input voltage V in to be output as a converter output voltage V Bulk . It is particularly worth mentioning that the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is not limited to only boosting the DC input voltage V in and outputting the converter output voltage V Bulk , the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 The DC input voltage V in may not be boosted and not stepped down, for example, by maintaining the magnitude of the original output voltage, and outputting the converter output voltage V Bulk . In addition, the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 can also provide a Power Factor Correction (PFC) function. In this embodiment, the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 includes: a boost inductor including a first end receiving the input voltage, and a second end; and a boost diode including an electric a first end connected to the second end of the boost inductor, and a second end electrically connected to the first end of the capacitor; and a boost switch including a second electrically connected to the boost inductor The first end of the end and the second end of the ground.
該電容器C1具有一電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器4的第一端及一接地的第二端，並接收該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。在電源供應器的技術領域中，該電容器C1通常被稱為Bulk電容，該電容器C1的數值大小一般是介於三百至六百多微法拉(uF)，但不在此限。該電容器C1的二端的跨壓通常被稱為Bulk電壓，即本案所指的該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。 The capacitor C 1 has a first end electrically connected to the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 and a grounded second end, and receives the converter output voltage V Bulk . In the technical field of power supplies, the capacitor C 1 is generally referred to as a Bulk capacitor, and the value of the capacitor C 1 is generally between three hundred and six hundred microfarads (uF), but not limited thereto. The voltage across the two terminals of the capacitor C 1 is commonly referred to as the Bulk voltage, which is the converter output voltage V Bulk referred to herein.
該旁路電路7具有一電連接該整流器2且接收該直流輸入電壓Vin的第一端，及一電連接該電容器C1的該第一端的第二端，且該旁路電路7與該直流對直流升壓轉換器4並聯設置。在本實施例中，該旁路電路7是一個旁路二極體(Bypass Diode)，該旁路 二極體的一陽極端及一陰極端分別是該旁路電路7的該第一端及該第二端。 The bypass circuit 7 has a first end electrically connected to the rectifier 2 and receiving the DC input voltage V in , and a second end electrically connected to the first end of the capacitor C 1 , and the bypass circuit 7 The DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, the bypass circuit 7 is a bypass diode, and an anode terminal and a cathode terminal of the bypass diode are respectively the first end of the bypass circuit 7 and the Second end.
該直流對直流降壓轉換器5電連接該直流對直流升壓轉換器4及該電容器C1的該第一端，以接收該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk，並將該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk轉換而輸出為一直流輸出電壓Vout。 The DC-to-DC buck converter 5 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the DC-DC boost converter 4 and the capacitors C 1 to receive the converter output voltage V Bulk, and the converter output voltage V Bulk The output is converted to a DC output voltage V out .
參閱圖1與圖3，該控制單元6電連接該整流器2及該直流對直流升壓轉換器4，以分別接收該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。該控制單元6實施該電壓校正方法，並包含步驟S0~S5。特別補充說明的是：在本實施例中，該控制單元6是獨立成為該電源供應器9的一個元件，而在其他實施例中，該控制單元6也可以被整合在該電源供應器9的其他元件之中，如整合進該直流對直流降壓轉換器5內，但不在此限。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the control unit 6 is electrically connected to the rectifier 2 and the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 to receive the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk , respectively . The control unit 6 implements the voltage correction method and includes steps S0 to S5. It is particularly noted that in the present embodiment, the control unit 6 is an element that is independent of the power supply 9, and in other embodiments, the control unit 6 can also be integrated in the power supply 9. Among other components, such as integrated into the DC-to-DC buck converter 5, but not limited to this.
於步驟S0，該控制單元6判斷該直流對直流升壓轉換器4是否關閉，若已關閉，則執行步驟S2，若未關閉(即開啟)，則執行步驟S1。 In step S0, the control unit 6 determines whether the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned off. If it is off, step S2 is performed. If it is not turned off (ie, turned on), step S1 is performed.
於步驟S1，當步驟S0判斷該直流對直流升壓轉換器4開啟時，該控制單元6發出一信號至該直流對直流升壓轉換器4以關閉該直流對直流升壓轉換器4。 In step S1, when the step S0 determines that the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned on, the control unit 6 sends a signal to the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 to turn off the DC-DC boost converter 4.
於步驟S2，當該直流對直流升壓轉換器4關閉時，該控 制單元6分別對該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk採樣(或稱取樣)。 In step S2, when the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned off, the control unit 6 samples (or samples) the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk , respectively.
於步驟S3，該控制單元6判斷該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk是否穩定，當該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk尚未穩定時，重複步驟S2，反之，當該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk已穩定時，執行步驟S4。更具體的說，該控制單元6對該直流輸入電壓Vin採樣時，持續偵測一段預定時間內所採樣的該直流輸入電壓Vin的有效值(即方均根值；rms)與峰值之間的比值，當該比值保持穩定不變時，該控制單元6即據以判斷該直流輸入電壓Vin已穩定。同理，該控制單元6對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk採樣時，也可以持續一段時間以判斷是否已穩定。 In step S3, the control unit 6 determines whether the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk are stable. When the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk are not stable, step S2 is repeated. When the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk are stabilized, step S4 is performed. More specifically, when the DC input voltage V in is sampled, the control unit 6 continuously detects the effective value (ie, the rms value; rms) of the DC input voltage V in the predetermined time period and the peak value. ratio, when the ratio remain stable, i.e. the control unit 6 determines, according to the DC input voltage V in is stabilized. Similarly, when the control unit 6 samples the converter output voltage V Bulk , it can also continue for a period of time to determine whether it has stabilized.
於步驟S4，當該控制單元6判斷該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk已穩定時，該控制單元6至少根據該直流輸入電壓Vin計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的一計算值，且根據該計算值及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk決定一校正參數。 In step S4, when the control unit 6 determines that the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk have stabilized, the control unit 6 calculates the corresponding converter output voltage V Bulk according to the DC input voltage V in at least. A value is calculated, and a correction parameter is determined based on the calculated value and the converter output voltage V Bulk .
更詳細的說，該控制單元6根據下列的公式(1)，計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的該計算值V1，其中，Vpeak是該直流輸入電壓Vin的峰值，VTrace是該交流輸入電壓Vs經由該整流器2、該開關元件3與該電阻器R1、及該旁路電路7，對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小，也就是說，該充電路徑的迴路壓降 包含該旁路電路7在導通時的壓降、該開關元件3與該電阻器R1在導通時的壓降、及充電路徑上的導線或其他元件的壓降。要特別補充說明的是：該公式(1)是由於直流對直流升壓轉換器4保持關閉(即未啟動)，此時，該電容器C1僅藉由整流器2經由前述的該充電路徑對其提供能量，因此，該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk為V1。再者，VTrace可以預先被評估或估算，而預先儲存於該控制單元6之中。此外，該直流輸入電壓Vin的峰值Vpeak可以是該藉由採樣該直流輸入電壓Vin直接獲得。當該交流輸入電壓Vs是弦波(如市電或圖2所示)時，該直流輸入電壓Vin的峰值Vpeak也可以是該控制單元6藉由採樣該直流輸入電壓Vin的有效值Vrms之後，再以下列的公式(2)，計算而間接獲得。再者，該控制單元6是以下列的公式(3)，計算而獲得該校正參數Slope，其中，V2是該控制單元6對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的採樣值。 In more detail, the control unit 6 calculates the calculated value V 1 corresponding to the converter output voltage V Bulk according to the following formula (1), where V peak is the peak value of the DC input voltage V in , V Trace is The AC input voltage V s passes through the rectifier 2, the switching element 3, the resistor R 1 , and the bypass circuit 7 to increase the loop voltage drop of the charging path of the capacitor C 1 , that is, the circuit voltage drop charging path including the bypass circuit is turned on when the voltage drop 7 of the switching element 3 is turned on when the voltage drop of the resistor R 1, and the pressure drop wire or other element on the charging path. It should be particularly noted that the formula (1) is because the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 remains off (ie, not activated). At this time, the capacitor C 1 is only used by the rectifier 2 via the aforementioned charging path. Energy is supplied, so the converter output voltage V Bulk is V 1 . Furthermore, V Trace can be evaluated or estimated in advance and stored in the control unit 6 in advance. In addition, the DC input voltage V in V peak may be the peak value by the sampling of the DC input voltage V in is obtained directly. When the AC input voltage V s is a sine wave (such as the mains or as shown in FIG. 2 ), the peak value V peak of the DC input voltage V in may also be an effective value of the DC input voltage V in by the control unit 6 . After V rms , it is obtained indirectly by the following formula (2). Furthermore, the control unit 6 calculates the correction parameter Slope by the following formula (3), wherein V 2 is a sampled value of the converter output voltage V Bulk by the control unit 6 .
V1=Vpeak-VTrace.....(1) V 1 =V peak -V Trace .....(1)
此外，在本實施例中，該控制單元6是對該直流輸入電壓Vin採樣以獲得該峰值Vpeak，而在其他實施例中，該控制單元6也可以改成直接對該交流輸入電壓Vs採樣以獲得該峰值Vpeak。再者，在本實施例中，該電源供應器9包含該電阻器R1及該開關元件 3，而在其他實施例中，該電源供應器9也可以不具有該電阻器R1及該開關元件3，則該直流對直流升壓轉換器4直接電連接該整流器2以接收該直流輸入電壓Vin，且VTrace是該交流輸入電壓Vs經由該整流器2及該旁路電路7，對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑的迴路壓降的大小。 In addition, in this embodiment, the control unit 6 samples the DC input voltage V in to obtain the peak value V peak , and in other embodiments, the control unit 6 may also change the AC input voltage V directly. s sampling to obtain the peak value V peak . Furthermore, in the embodiment, the power supply 9 includes the resistor R 1 and the switching element 3, while in other embodiments, the power supply 9 may not have the resistor R 1 and the switch. Element 3, the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is directly electrically connected to the rectifier 2 to receive the DC input voltage V in , and V Trace is the AC input voltage V s via the rectifier 2 and the bypass circuit 7 The magnitude of the loop voltage drop of the charging path that the capacitor C 1 charges.
於步驟S5，當該直流對直流升壓轉換器4開啟時，例如該控制單元6先控制該直流對直流升壓轉換器4開啟，但不在此限，該控制單元6根據該校正參數及該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值，計算一校正值，並將該校正值輸出(傳送)至該直流對直流升壓轉換器4，以補償該直流對直流升壓轉換器4的輸出電壓。更詳細地說，是根據下列的公式(4)，計算該校正值VBulk(Result)。其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元6在該直流對直流升壓轉換器4開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的採樣值。 In step S5, when the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned on, for example, the control unit 6 first controls the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 to be turned on, but not limited thereto, the control unit 6 according to the calibration parameter and the A sample value of the converter output voltage is calculated, and a correction value is calculated and output (transmitted) to the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 to compensate the output voltage of the DC-to-DC boost converter 4. In more detail, the correction value V Bulk (Result) is calculated according to the following formula (4 ) . Wherein, V Bulk (Sample) is a sampling value of the converter output voltage V Bulk when the DC-DC boost converter 4 is turned on by the control unit 6 .
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample).....(4) V Bulk(Result) = Slope *V Bulk(Sample) .....(4)
舉例來說，假設該電源供應器9的所有元件都正常而無任何誤差在運作時，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4輸出該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk為400V。當該直流對直流升壓轉換器4發生異常且沒有作校正補償而使得其輸出的該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk會變成390V時，該控制單元6藉由該校正方法，先計算出該校正參數，並在該直流對直流升壓轉換器4開啟時，再對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk進行 採樣，以計算出該校正值，再將該校正值傳送至該直流對直流升壓轉換器4，進而控制該直流對直流升壓轉換器4要輸出410V的轉換器輸出電壓VBulk，即改變該直流對直流升壓轉換器4的輸出設定，就能產生該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk實際量測值為400V的效果，進而使得該直流對直流降壓轉換器5的該直流輸出電壓Vout保持穩定不變。 For example, assuming that all components of the power supply 9 are normal without any error in operation, the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 outputs the converter output voltage V Bulk to 400V. When the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is abnormal and there is no correction compensation such that the output voltage V Bulk of the converter is 390V, the control unit 6 first calculates the calibration parameter by the correction method. And when the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned on, the converter output voltage V Bulk is sampled to calculate the correction value, and the correction value is transmitted to the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 And controlling the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 to output a converter output voltage V Bulk of 410V, that is, changing the output setting of the DC-to-DC boost converter 4, the actual output voltage of the converter V Bulk can be generated. effect measured value of 400V, thus making the step-down DC to DC converter of the DC output voltage V 5 is out remain stable.
特別值得補充說明的是：在本實施例的步驟S4中，該校正參數Slope是在一個時間點，該控制單元6分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的該計算值V1，及對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk採樣獲得該採樣值V2，而據以計算產生。而在其他實施例中，步驟S4也可以是該控制單元6在二個不同的時間點，分別獲得二個時間點的計算值和採樣值，並根據公式(5)及(6)，計算該校正參數Slope及一偏移參數Offset。其中，V11及V21是在一第一時間點時，該控制單元6分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V11)，及對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值(V21)。V12及V22是在一第二時間點時，該控制單元6分別計算對應該轉換器輸出電壓的該計算值(V12)，及對該轉換器輸出電壓的採樣值(V22)。再者，於步驟S5中，該控制單元6根據公式(7)計算該校正值VBulk(Result)。其中，VBulk(Sample)是該控制單元6在該直流對直流升壓轉換器開啟時，對該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的採樣值。 It is particularly worth mentioning that, in step S4 of the embodiment, the correction parameter Slope is at a point in time, the control unit 6 respectively calculates the calculated value V 1 corresponding to the converter output voltage V Bulk , and The converter output voltage V Bulk samples the obtained sample value V 2 and is calculated accordingly. In other embodiments, step S4 may also be that the control unit 6 obtains calculated values and sample values of two time points at two different time points, and calculates the values according to formulas (5) and (6). Correction parameter Slope and an offset parameter Offset. Wherein, when V 11 and V 21 are at a first time point, the control unit 6 respectively calculates the calculated value (V 11 ) corresponding to the output voltage of the converter, and the sampled value of the output voltage of the converter (V 21 ). When V 12 and V 22 are at a second time point, the control unit 6 calculates the calculated value (V 12 ) corresponding to the converter output voltage and the sampled value (V 22 ) of the converter output voltage. Furthermore, in step S5, the control unit 6 calculates the correction value V Bulk (Result) according to the formula (7 ) . Wherein, V Bulk (Sample) is a sampling value of the converter output voltage V Bulk when the DC-DC boost converter is turned on by the control unit 6 .
Offset=V11-V21*Slope...(6) Offset=V 11 -V 21 * Slope ...(6)
VBulk(Result)=Slope*VBulk(Sample)+Offset...(7) V Bulk(Result) =S lope *V Bulk(Sample) +O ffset ...(7)
再參閱圖1，值得特別一提的是：在本實例中，該電源供應器9包含該開關元件3、該電阻器R1及該旁路電路7，使得VTrace對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑包含該開關元件3與該電阻器R1及該旁路電路7。而在其他實施例中，該開關元件及該電阻器R1也可以省略，使得VTrace對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑改為包含該旁路電路7。或者，在其他實施例中，該旁路電路7也可以省略，藉由該直流對直流升壓轉換器4所包含的一升壓電感器41、一升壓二極體(Boost Diode)42、及一升壓開關43，使得VTrace對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑改為包含該開關元件3與該電阻器R1、該升壓電感器41、及該升壓二極體42。又或者，在其他實施例中，該開關元件3、該電阻器R1、及該旁路電路7都可以省略，使得VTrace對該電容器C1充電的充電路徑改為包含該升壓電感器41、升壓二極體42，不在此限。 Referring again to FIG. 1, deserves special mention are: In the present example, the power supply of the switching element 9 comprises 3, the resistor R 1 and the bypass circuit 7, so that the V Trace charging the capacitors C 1 of The charging path includes the switching element 3 and the resistor R 1 and the bypass circuit 7. In other embodiments, the switching element and the resistor R 1 may also be omitted, so that the charging path for charging the capacitor C 1 by V Trace is changed to include the bypass circuit 7. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the bypass circuit 7 may be omitted, and a boost inductor 41, a boost diode 42 included in the DC-to-DC boost converter 4, And a boost switch 43 such that the charging path for charging the capacitor C 1 by V Trace is changed to include the switching element 3 and the resistor R 1 , the boost inductor 41 , and the boosting diode 42 . Alternatively, in other embodiments, the switching element 3, the resistor R 1 , and the bypass circuit 7 may be omitted, such that the charging path for charging the capacitor C 1 by V Trace is changed to include the boost inductor. 41. The boost diode 42 is not limited to this.
另外，值得特別舉例說明的是：本發明電源供應器9可以應用於以下幾種態樣。第一種態樣是電源供應器9的生產線上，因為在生產製造時，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4本來就保持關閉。第二種態樣是當該電源供應器9出廠後，使用者可以藉由該電源供 應器9具有的輸入輸出埠(I/O)，以預設的通訊協定，如I2C，而以時間觸發(Time Event)或系統觸發(System event)的方式，將該直流對直流升壓轉換器4關閉，來進行校正。再參閱圖4，其是一時序圖，說明該實施例應用的另一種態樣。圖4的橫軸是時間，縱軸是電壓的大小，說明電源供應器9在啟動時，該直流輸入電壓Vin及該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk的波形關係。在該電源供應器9剛啟動時，該電容器C1的跨壓為零，為避免湧浪電流(Inrush Current)造成該直流對直流升壓轉換器4損壞，會藉由該旁路電路7對該電容器C1充電至一預定電壓後，再開啟該直流對直流升壓轉換器4。詳細地說，在t0~t1之間，經由該電阻器R1藉由該旁路電路7對該電容器C1充電。在t1~t2之間，當時間在t1時，該開關元件3導通，該充電路徑的電阻變小，該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk直接充電至V1。在t2之後，當時間在t2時，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4啟動，將該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk升壓至一目標電壓。因此，在此種態樣的電源供應器9中，可以利用該電源供應器9在啟動時的t1~t2之間，該直流對直流升壓轉換器4尚未啟動而保持關閉時，執行本發明電壓校正方法，而完成校正該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk。 In addition, it is worthy of particular exemplification that the power supply 9 of the present invention can be applied to the following aspects. The first aspect is the production line of the power supply 9, because the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is kept off at the time of manufacture. The second aspect is that after the power supply 9 is shipped from the factory, the user can use the input/output port (I/O) of the power supply 9 to trigger with time according to a preset communication protocol, such as I2C. (Time Event) or system event (system event), the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned off for correction. Referring again to Figure 4, there is shown a timing diagram illustrating another aspect of the application of this embodiment. 4 is the time, and the vertical axis is the magnitude of the voltage, indicating the waveform relationship between the DC input voltage V in and the converter output voltage V Bulk when the power supply 9 is activated. When the power supply 9 is just started, the voltage across the capacitor C 1 is zero, and the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is damaged to avoid the surge current (Inrush Current), and the bypass circuit 7 is After the capacitor C 1 is charged to a predetermined voltage, the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is turned on. In detail, between t 0 and t 1 , the capacitor C 1 is charged via the bypass circuit 7 via the resistor R 1 . Between t 1 and t 2 , when the time is t 1 , the switching element 3 is turned on, the resistance of the charging path becomes small, and the converter output voltage V Bulk is directly charged to V 1 . After t 2 , when the time is t 2 , the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is activated, and the converter output voltage V Bulk is boosted to a target voltage. Therefore, in the power supply 9 of such a state, the power supply 9 can be utilized between t 1 and t 2 at the time of startup, and the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is not activated but remains off. The voltage correction method of the present invention completes the correction of the converter output voltage V Bulk .
綜上所述，藉由本發明電源供應器9執行電壓校正方法，需要先確保該直流對直流升壓轉換器4保持關閉，因此，可以直接應用在本發明電源供應器9在生產線上製造時，進而節省測試 人力、製具設備、及製造成本，以提升電源產品的產線自動化。此外，也可以在該直流輸出電壓Vout維持在負載系統能承受的情況下，也就是在關閉該直流對直流升壓轉換器4而仍能保持該直流輸出電壓Vout的輸出條件下，藉由本發明電壓校正方法執行校正，使得本發明電源供應器9能夠補償任何不正常因素所造成的該轉換器輸出電壓VBulk變異，進而提供一種高可靠度的電源供應器，故確實能達成本發明之目的。 In summary, the voltage correction method is performed by the power supply 9 of the present invention, and it is necessary to ensure that the DC-to-DC boost converter 4 is kept off. Therefore, it can be directly applied to the power supply 9 of the present invention when it is manufactured on a production line. In addition, it saves test manpower, equipment, and manufacturing costs to improve the production line automation of power products. Furthermore, can be maintained at the DC output voltage V out in the case where the system can withstand the load, i.e. in such a closed DC to DC boost converter 4 while still maintaining the output conditions of the DC output voltage V out, by Correction is performed by the voltage correction method of the present invention, so that the power supply 9 of the present invention can compensate for the variation of the converter output voltage V Bulk caused by any abnormal factors, thereby providing a high-reliability power supply, so that the present invention can be achieved. The purpose.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.
1‧‧‧交流電源 1‧‧‧AC power supply
2‧‧‧整流器 2‧‧‧Rectifier
3‧‧‧開關元件 3‧‧‧Switching elements
4‧‧‧直流對直流升壓轉換器 4‧‧‧DC to DC Boost Converter
41‧‧‧升壓電感器 41‧‧‧Boost Inductors
42‧‧‧升壓二極體 42‧‧‧Boost diode
43‧‧‧升壓開關 43‧‧‧Boost switch
5‧‧‧直流對直流降壓轉換器 5‧‧‧DC to DC Buck Converter
6‧‧‧控制單元 6‧‧‧Control unit
7‧‧‧旁路電路 7‧‧‧Bypass circuit
9‧‧‧電源供應器 9‧‧‧Power supply
Vs‧‧‧交流輸入電壓 V s ‧‧‧AC input voltage
Vin‧‧‧直流輸入電壓 V in ‧‧‧DC input voltage
VBulk‧‧‧轉換器輸出電壓 V Bulk ‧‧‧ converter output voltage
Vout‧‧‧直流輸出電壓 V out ‧‧‧DC output voltage
R1‧‧‧電阻器 R 1 ‧‧‧Resistors
C1‧‧‧電容器 C 1 ‧‧‧ capacitor
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| CN112798997A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 四川长虹空调有限公司 | Frequency converter direct-current voltage detection and correction method |
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| US7068016B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-06-27 | International Rectifier Corporation | One cycle control PFC boost converter integrated circuit with inrush current limiting, fan motor speed control and housekeeping power supply controller |
| US20080272744A1 (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-06 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Power control system using a nonlinear delta-sigma modulator with nonlinear power conversion process modeling |
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| TW201528669A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-16 | Asian Power Devices Inc | Control circuit module of power factor correction converter |
| TW201608804A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-01 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Power factor correction controller and power supply apparatus using the same |
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| US7068016B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-06-27 | International Rectifier Corporation | One cycle control PFC boost converter integrated circuit with inrush current limiting, fan motor speed control and housekeeping power supply controller |
| US20080272744A1 (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-06 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Power control system using a nonlinear delta-sigma modulator with nonlinear power conversion process modeling |
| TW201445863A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-01 | Fsp Technology Inc | Power supply system with high efficiency for different loads |
| TW201528669A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-16 | Asian Power Devices Inc | Control circuit module of power factor correction converter |
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| CN112798997A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 四川长虹空调有限公司 | Frequency converter direct-current voltage detection and correction method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201743550A (en) | 2017-12-16 |
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