TWI596212B - Method for injecting substitute reducing agents into a blast furnace and apparatus to implement the method - Google Patents
Method for injecting substitute reducing agents into a blast furnace and apparatus to implement the method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI596212B TWI596212B TW104126886A TW104126886A TWI596212B TW I596212 B TWI596212 B TW I596212B TW 104126886 A TW104126886 A TW 104126886A TW 104126886 A TW104126886 A TW 104126886A TW I596212 B TWI596212 B TW I596212B
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- reducing agent
- blowing
- carrier gas
- oxygen
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 145
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 104
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
- C21B7/163—Blowpipe assembly
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
- B65G53/16—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B2005/005—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
- F27D2003/164—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/165—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being a fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
- F27D2003/169—Construction of the lance, e.g. lances for injecting particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
- F27D2003/185—Conveying particles in a conduct using a fluid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關於一種以密集流法藉由運載氣體，將粉末狀的代用還原劑以氣動方式吹入氣化反應器，或者透過風口吹入高爐的方法，從而使該代用還原劑在氣化反應中氣化。根據另一態樣，本發明亦有關於某種方法，其中該代用還原劑被連同運載氣體透過第一吹入噴槍吹入，其中除該代用還原劑及該運載氣體外還藉由該第一吹入噴槍輸送氧氣，該氧氣在該吹入噴槍之連通區域內與該代用還原劑及該運載氣體聚集在一起。此外，本發明亦有關於一種用於實施此種方法的裝置。 The invention relates to a method for pneumatically blowing a powdery substitute reducing agent into a gasification reactor by a dense flow method, or blowing the blast furnace into a blast furnace through a tuyere, thereby making the substitute reducing agent vaporize. Gasification in the reaction. According to another aspect, the present invention is also directed to a method wherein the substitute reducing agent is blown in with the carrier gas through the first blowing lance, wherein the first one is replaced by the reducing agent and the carrier gas. The lance is blown to deliver oxygen which is concentrated with the substitute reducing agent and the carrier gas in the communication region of the blowing lance. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out such a method.
例如《鋼與鐵》第133(2013)期1號第49-62頁公開了下述常見做法：在生鐵生產過程中，在高爐中透過風口(亦稱吹模)向高爐反應過程輸送液態、氣態及/或固態的代用還原劑及燃料，目的是取代相對較昂貴之高爐焦煤。該文獻統一使用“代用還原劑”此一術語，其含義包括所有還原劑以及含碳的燃料(如煤)。故在本發明中，除煤灰及焦煤灰外，還可使用碾碎的塑膠廢料作為固體代用還原劑(參閱DE 198 59 354 A1)。其中阻止任何固體顆粒進入焦煤散料至關重要，否則可能在高爐中產生氣體流，從而影響製程。通常用吹入噴槍透過風口將代用還原劑吹入高爐。透過熱風形成渦流區，以便被吹入的代用還原劑與風口的熱風進行混合。為避免固體顆粒進入焦煤散料，被吹入的所有代用還原劑必須在離開吹入噴槍後直至渦流區末端 的飛行階段中，即在接觸到焦煤散料前，被氣化。 For example, Steel and Iron, No. 133 (2013) No. 1, pp. 49-62, discloses the common practice of transporting liquids to the blast furnace reaction process through a tuyere (also known as blow molding) in a blast furnace during the production of pig iron. A gaseous and/or solid alternative reducing agent and fuel for the purpose of replacing relatively expensive blast furnace coking coal. This document uniformly uses the term "substituent reducing agent", which means all reducing agents as well as carbon-containing fuels such as coal. Therefore, in the present invention, in addition to coal ash and coking coal, crushed plastic waste can be used as a solid substitute reducing agent (see DE 198 59 354 A1). It is essential to prevent any solid particles from entering the coking coal material, otherwise gas flow may be generated in the blast furnace, thereby affecting the process. The substitute reducing agent is usually blown into the blast furnace through the tuyere by means of a blowing lance. The vortex zone is formed by hot air so that the submerged reducing agent blown in is mixed with the hot air of the tuyere. In order to prevent solid particles from entering the coking coal bulk material, all alternative reducing agents that are blown in must exit the blown gun until the end of the vortex zone During the flight phase, it is vaporized before it comes into contact with coking coal.
本文中之“氣化”係指較佳生成CO及/或H2的不完全燃燒。而“燃燒”則指例如生成CO2及H2O的完全燃燒。CO及H2對於高爐反應過程而言特別有用，因此，吹入代用還原劑之目的在於實現某種氣化反應，以便藉其反應產物來節省極為昂貴之焦炭燃料。 Herein, the "gasification" means the preferred form CO and / or H 2 of incomplete combustion. By "burning" it is meant, for example, the complete combustion of CO 2 and H 2 O. CO and H 2 are particularly useful for blast furnace reaction processes, so the purpose of injecting a substituting reducing agent is to achieve a gasification reaction to save the extremely expensive coke fuel by its reaction product.
在氣化反應器區域中，氣化反應的目的通常在於產生某種還原氣體，其作為產物而自該氣化反應器獲得。而在高爐反應過程中，還原氣體用於自鐵礦石中獲得生鐵。 In the gasification reactor zone, the purpose of the gasification reaction is generally to produce a certain reducing gas which is obtained as a product from the gasification reactor. In the blast furnace reaction, the reducing gas is used to obtain pig iron from iron ore.
習知方式中係以密集流或氣流床法藉由氮氣作為惰性運載氣體，透過一或多個輸送管，向高爐的風口輸送含碳的粉末狀代用還原劑，參閱“STEEL & METALS Magazine”,Vol.27,Nr.4,1989,S.272-277(《鋼與鐵期刊》第27卷第4期，1989年，第272-277頁)及DE 36 03 078 C1。該案要麼藉由至少一伸入風口並由管道構成的單一吹入噴槍，要麼藉由至少一伸入風口的同軸吹入噴槍，在使用氧氣的情況下吹入此種代用還原劑。 In the conventional method, a carbon-containing powdery substitute reducing agent is transported to the tuyere of the blast furnace by means of a dense flow or an entrained flow method using nitrogen as an inert carrier gas through one or more transfer pipes, see "STEEL & METALS Magazine", Vol. 27, Nr. 4, 1989, S. 272-277 (Journal of Steel and Iron, Vol. 27, No. 4, 1989, pp. 272-277) and DE 36 03 078 C1. The case is either blown into the alternative reductant by oxygen using at least one single blow-in lance that extends into the tuyere and is constructed of a conduit, or by at least one coaxial blow-in lance that extends into the tuyere.
《化學工程技術》第84(2012)期，第7號，第1076-1084頁揭露一種同軸吹入噴槍，其中該同軸吹入噴槍較佳由一輸送煤之內管及一同心地環繞該內管並形成環形間隙之外管構成。藉由該環形間隙來導引氧氣，參閱DE 40 08 963 C1。 "Chemical Engineering Technology", No. 84 (2012), No. 7, pp. 1076-1084 discloses a coaxial blowing lance, wherein the coaxial blowing lance preferably surrounds the inner tube of the coal and concentrically surrounds the inner tube And forming an annular gap outside the tube. The oxygen is guided by the annular gap, see DE 40 08 963 C1.
此外，JPH-1192809(A)提出，使用由三個彼此嵌合之管道構成的吹入噴槍來取代單一的同軸吹入噴槍，其中煤灰透過內管被導引，氧氣透過位於內管與環繞該內管的管道之間的同軸間隙被導引，蒸汽或蒸汽-二氧化碳混合物則透過位於該第二管與環繞該第二管的第三管之間的第二同軸間隙被導引。 In addition, JPH-1192809 (A) proposes to replace a single coaxial blown lance with a blown lance consisting of three tubes fitted to each other, wherein the coal ash is guided through the inner tube and the oxygen is transmitted through the inner tube and around. A coaxial gap between the tubes of the inner tube is directed and a vapor or vapor-carbon dioxide mixture is directed through a second coaxial gap between the second tube and a third tube surrounding the second tube.
其中總是將純氮氣用作運載氣體，氮氣具有惰性，故在輸送及吹入裝置內起防爆作用，此外在高爐車間中通常是易於獲得的。 Pure nitrogen is always used as a carrier gas. Nitrogen is inert and therefore acts as an explosion protection in the conveying and blowing devices, and is often readily available in blast furnace plants.
此外，CN 101000141(A)、CN 102382915(A)及CN 102060197(A)中提出，可使用大體呈惰性的廢氣或二氧化碳來取代氮氣作為用於以氣動方式輸送及吹入煤灰的運載氣體。此等理念之目的在於改善環境保護並節約能源。在此等情況下，要麼使用熱風爐的廢氣，要麼使用儘可能純淨的二氧化碳。 Furthermore, it is proposed in CN 101000141 (A), CN 102382915 (A) and CN 102060197 (A) that substantially inert exhaust gas or carbon dioxide can be used instead of nitrogen as a carrier gas for pneumatically conveying and blowing coal ash. The purpose of these concepts is to improve environmental protection and save energy. In these cases, either use the exhaust from the hot blast stove or use as pure carbon dioxide as possible.
此外，其他技術領域中還揭露了在製造合成氣體的過程中，透過煤灰加壓氣化向氣動煤灰運輸系統輸送純二氧化碳或二氧化碳與氮氣的混合物作為惰性化、液態化及運載介質的做法。參閱DE 10 2007 020 294 A1。 In addition, other technical fields disclose the use of pure carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen as a process of inertization, liquefaction and carrier medium in the production of synthesis gas by pressurized gasification of coal ash to a pneumatic coal ash transport system. . See DE 10 2007 020 294 A1.
若將氮氣用作運載氣體，則存在氮氣對代用還原劑之氣化反應具有反應抑制及延遲作用的弊端。代用還原劑的顆粒被氮氣包圍，因而唯有在氮氣被排出後方能開始進行該反應。此點會造成反應延遲，因而相對代用還原劑之飛行時間而言，縮短了代用還原劑離開吹入噴槍後可用於反應的時間。 If nitrogen is used as the carrier gas, there is a drawback that nitrogen has a reaction inhibition and retardation effect on the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent. The particles of the substitute reducing agent are surrounded by nitrogen, so that the reaction can be started only after the nitrogen gas is discharged. This can cause a delay in the reaction, thus reducing the time available for the reaction of the surrogate reductant after it has been blown into the lance, relative to the flight time of the reductant.
對於吹入風口及高爐渦流區之代用還原劑的氣化而言，持續僅若干毫秒之較短的可用反應時間表明，將氮氣用作惰性運載氣體會喪失重要的反應時間，從而無法以最優的方式充分利用吹入高爐之代用還原劑的氣化潛能。 For the gasification of alternative reducing agents blown into the tuyere and blast furnace vortex zone, a shorter available reaction time lasting only a few milliseconds indicates that the use of nitrogen as an inert carrier gas loses important reaction time and thus is not optimal. The way to make full use of the gasification potential of the substitute reducing agent blown into the blast furnace.
將二氧化碳用作運載氣體時，反應抑制效應較小。但與使用氮氣相比，先前技術所揭露之將二氧化碳用作運載氣體的方法相對昂貴，因而較為不利。此外，無法以最優的方式將二氧化碳納入代用還原劑的氣化過程，因為必須輸入很多能量方能使得二氧化碳參與與代用還原劑的反應。 When carbon dioxide is used as a carrier gas, the reaction suppression effect is small. However, the method disclosed in the prior art for using carbon dioxide as a carrier gas is relatively expensive compared to the use of nitrogen gas, and thus is disadvantageous. In addition, carbon dioxide cannot be optimally incorporated into the gasification process of surrogate reductants because a large amount of energy must be input to allow carbon dioxide to participate in the reaction with the substitute reductant.
本發明之目的在於，對將代用還原劑吹入氣化反應器、高爐或其他反應器之操作進行工藝技術方面的設計，以便有效且儘可能快速 地進行代用還原劑的氣化反應，從而提高將代用還原劑吹入反應器，尤其是高爐的吹入速率，同時降低根據焦煤/煤或燃料/代用還原劑交換係數的焦比或燃料比，並總體上進一步降低燃料成本。 The object of the present invention is to design the process technology for the operation of blowing a substitute reducing agent into a gasification reactor, a blast furnace or other reactors in order to be effective and as fast as possible. Performing a gasification reaction of a substitute reducing agent to increase the blowing rate of the substitute reducing agent into the reactor, especially the blast furnace, while reducing the coke ratio or fuel ratio according to the coking coal/coal or fuel/substitute reducing agent exchange coefficient, And overall reduce fuel costs overall.
本發明用以達成上述目的之解決方案為申請專利範圍第1、2或8項之方法以及申請專利範圍第15項之裝置。本發明的有利設計方案參閱附屬項。 The solution to achieve the above object of the present invention is the method of claim 1, 2 or 8 and the device of claim 15 of the patent application. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are referred to the dependent items.
本發明之第一態樣在於提供一種以密集流法藉由運載氣體，將粉末狀的代用還原劑以氣動方式吹入反應器，尤其是氣化反應器，或者透過風口吹入高爐的方法，從而使該代用還原劑在氣化反應中氣化。 A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for pneumatically blowing a powdery substitute reducing agent into a reactor, particularly a gasification reactor, or a blast furnace through a tuyere by means of a carrier gas by a dense flow method. Thereby, the substitute reducing agent is vaporized in the gasification reaction.
本發明中之密集流法係指如《鋼與鐵期刊》第27卷第4期，1989年，第272-277頁所述的方法。與氣流床法相比，本發明中之密集流法的特點在於，散料狀態下填充密度的粉末狀材料具有較高的流密度，達到60%或以上，尤佳為80%或以上。而氣流床法係在低於25%的流密度下進行操作。 The dense flow method in the present invention refers to a method as described in Journal of Steel and Iron, Vol. 27, No. 4, 1989, pp. 272-277. Compared with the entrained flow method, the dense flow method of the present invention is characterized in that the bulk material having a packing density in a bulk state has a high flow density of 60% or more, particularly preferably 80% or more. The entrained flow system operates at flow densities below 25%.
根據本發明的該態樣，該運載氣體由成分(例如O2、H2O或CO2)或氧化成分(即在氣化反應前仍可進行氧化反應的成分：例如CO、H2、CH4)至少部分地參與了該代用還原劑之氣化反應的一燃料氣體，以及另一氣體或氣體混合物構成。該另一氣體/氣體混合物不同於該燃料氣體，因此，該第一態樣中之運載氣體並非完全由燃料氣體構成。 According to this aspect of the invention, the carrier gas is composed of a component (for example, O 2 , H 2 O or CO 2 ) or an oxidizing component (i.e., a component which can undergo an oxidation reaction before the gasification reaction: for example, CO, H 2 , CH 4 ) A fuel gas that is at least partially involved in the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent, and another gas or gas mixture. The other gas/gas mixture is different from the fuel gas, and therefore, the carrier gas in the first aspect is not entirely composed of the fuel gas.
根據本發明的另一態樣，該運載氣體具有一氧化碳、氫氣、水蒸氣、氧氣、烴或者上述之混合物，尤其是天然氣、高爐煤氣、焦爐煤氣或煉焦廠煤氣、轉爐爐氣或另一共生氣體或者上述之混合物，其中根據該另一態樣，該運載氣體亦可完全由燃料氣體構成。 According to another aspect of the invention, the carrier gas has carbon monoxide, hydrogen, water vapor, oxygen, hydrocarbons or a mixture thereof, especially natural gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas or coking plant gas, converter gas or another symbiosis A gas or a mixture of the above, wherein according to the other aspect, the carrier gas may also consist entirely of fuel gas.
原則上應在吹入時對運載氣體(即對其組成)進行觀察，以確 定其如何吹入氣化反應器或者透過風口吹入高爐。 In principle, the carrier gas (ie its composition) should be observed during blowing to confirm How to blow it into the gasification reactor or blow it into the blast furnace through the tuyere.
本發明中之燃料氣體係指在代用還原劑的氣化過程中，自身具有可燃成分或其氧化成分參與了代用還原劑氣化的成分之氣體。燃料氣體包括一氧化碳、(視情況)二氧化碳、氫氣、水蒸氣、氧氣、烴或者上述之混合物，尤其是天然氣、高爐煤氣、焦爐煤氣或煉焦廠煤氣、轉爐爐氣或另一共生氣體或者上述之混合物。該燃料氣體使代用還原劑的氣化反應得到顯著的加速，這是因為作為該氣化之基礎的反應被很早地觸發，故與代用還原劑被氮氣圍繞之情況相比，有更多時間可供反應。就某些燃料氣體而言，在運載氣體中使用燃料氣體還能提高高爐反應過程或其他反應過程的效率。舉例而言，在將代用還原劑吹入高爐的過程中加入一種含碳之氣體作為燃料氣體時，可節約高價的焦煤，儘管程度十分有限。無論如何，本發明中之燃料氣體係指直接或間接地參與代用還原劑氣化的氣體，無論其是否額外地參與反應器中的反應過程，尤其是高爐反應過程。 The fuel gas system in the present invention refers to a gas in which a combustible component or an oxidized component thereof participates in a component which is vaporized by a substitute reducing agent in a gasification process of a substitute reducing agent. The fuel gas comprises carbon monoxide, (as appropriate) carbon dioxide, hydrogen, water vapor, oxygen, hydrocarbons or a mixture of the above, in particular natural gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas or coke oven gas, converter gas or another symbiotic gas or the above mixture. The fuel gas causes a significant acceleration of the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent because the reaction as the basis of the gasification is triggered very early, so that there is more time than when the substitute reducing agent is surrounded by nitrogen. Available for reaction. For certain fuel gases, the use of fuel gas in the carrier gas also increases the efficiency of the blast furnace reaction process or other reaction processes. For example, when a carbonaceous gas is added as a fuel gas in the process of blowing a substitute reducing agent into a blast furnace, high-priced coking coal can be saved, albeit to a very limited extent. In any event, the fuel gas system of the present invention refers to a gas that participates directly or indirectly in the gasification of a substitute reducing agent, whether or not it additionally participates in a reaction process in the reactor, especially a blast furnace reaction process.
輸入2wt%的燃料氣體便能更早地點燃並加快代用還原劑之氣化，其中提高燃料氣體在運載氣體中的比例可進一步提高效率。對於點燃的時間點而言，除燃料氣體之比例外，吹入部位之周圍(尤其是渦流區內)的溫度及壓力亦具重要意義。較佳可視既有之條件而進一步提高燃料氣體的比例。如此便能與使用傳統氮氣之情況相比在單位時間內吹入更多的代用還原劑。 The input of 2 wt% of the fuel gas can ignite and accelerate the gasification of the substitute reducing agent earlier, wherein increasing the proportion of the fuel gas in the carrier gas can further improve the efficiency. For the point in time of ignition, in addition to the proportion of fuel gas, the temperature and pressure around the insufflation site (especially in the eddy current zone) are also important. It is preferable to further increase the proportion of the fuel gas depending on the existing conditions. This allows more alternative reducing agents to be blown per unit time compared to the case of using conventional nitrogen.
較佳地，該運載氣體的至少2wt%，較佳至少5wt%，更加較佳至少10wt%由該燃料氣體構成，其中進一步較佳地，該運載氣體的最大90wt%，較佳最大50wt%，更加較佳最大25wt%，進一步較佳最大20wt%由該燃料氣體構成。亦即，該燃料氣體占運載氣體的較佳重量比例在2及90%之間，更加較佳在2及50%、2及25%或2及20%之間，進一步較佳在5及90%、5及50%、5及25%、5及20%或10及90%、 10及50%、10及25%，尤佳在10及20%之間。 Preferably, at least 2 wt%, preferably at least 5 wt%, more preferably at least 10 wt% of the carrier gas is comprised of the fuel gas, wherein further preferably, the carrier gas is at most 90 wt%, preferably at most 50 wt%, More preferably, at most 25 wt%, further preferably at most 20 wt%, is composed of the fuel gas. That is, the preferred ratio of the fuel gas to the carrier gas is between 2 and 90%, more preferably between 2 and 50%, 2 and 25% or between 2 and 20%, further preferably between 5 and 90. %, 5 and 50%, 5 and 25%, 5 and 20% or 10 and 90%, 10 and 50%, 10 and 25%, especially between 10 and 20%.
此外，根據本發明的第一態樣，該運載氣體亦由另一不同於該燃料氣體的氣體或氣體混合物構成，其中該另一氣體或氣體混合物較佳具有氮氣。除該燃料氣體外，運載氣體中亦可含有其他氣體。在此情況下，較佳應注意該等其他氣體應提供充分的防爆作用，並對高爐反應過程，尤其是代用還原劑的氣化反應無負面作用。 Furthermore, according to a first aspect of the invention, the carrier gas is also comprised of another gas or gas mixture different from the fuel gas, wherein the other gas or gas mixture preferably has nitrogen. In addition to the fuel gas, other gases may be contained in the carrier gas. In this case, it should be noted that these other gases should provide sufficient explosion protection and have no negative effect on the blast furnace reaction process, especially the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent.
在本發明中，尤其是將以下之反應視作代用還原劑的氣化反應(煤灰氣化反應)：揮發物的氧化：vol+O2→CO+H2+N2 In the present invention, in particular, the following reaction is regarded as a gasification reaction of a substitute reducing agent (coal gasification reaction): oxidation of volatiles: vol + O 2 → CO + H 2 + N 2
焦煤不完全燃燒：C+½O2→CO Coking coal incomplete combustion: C+1⁄2O 2 →CO
CO氧化/二氧化碳的分解：2CO+O2 2CO2 CO oxidation / carbon dioxide decomposition: 2CO + O 2 2CO 2
布氏反應：C+CO2→2CO Brinell reaction: C+CO 2 →2CO
水煤氣反應(非均相)：C+H2O→CO+H2 Water gas reaction (heterogeneous): C+H 2 O→CO+H 2
水煤氣反應(均相)：CO+H2OCO2+H2 Water gas reaction (homogeneous): CO+H 2 O CO 2 +H 2
氫氧氣反應/水蒸汽的分解：2H2+O2 2H2O Hydrogen Oxygen Reaction / Water Vapor Decomposition: 2H 2 +O 2 2H 2 O
天然氣反應：CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O Natural gas reaction: CH 4 +2O 2 →CO 2 +2H 2 O
本發明尤其係有關於一種將含碳的粉末狀代用還原劑及燃料吹入氣化反應器或高爐的方法，本發明可透過向反應器輸送用於反應過程的粉末狀代用還原劑及燃料，來在所有技術領域中將其發明實質應用於該等反應過程，從而在工藝技術、能源或節約性方面對其施加有益影響。其原因在於，使用代用還原劑及燃料而帶來的有益影響可因代用還原劑及燃料之吹入速率的增大而增強。亦即，除高爐或氣化反應器外，本發明亦適用於其他此類之反應器。除氣化反應器及高爐外，此類反應器例如亦可為豎爐及沖天爐、流化床、熱氣發生器及燃燒室，視需要藉由電能，例如SAF(埋弧爐)或EAF(電弧爐)設備。但氣化反應器，尤其是高爐乃是本發明之方法的尤佳應用場合， 因為在此情況下，現有設備之小幅變更便能顯著提高效率。 More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of blowing a carbon-containing powdered substitute reducing agent and a fuel into a gasification reactor or a blast furnace, and the present invention can transmit a powdered substitute reducing agent and a fuel for a reaction process to a reactor. The invention is applied to these reaction processes in all technical fields to exert a beneficial effect on process technology, energy or economy. The reason for this is that the beneficial effects of using a substitute reducing agent and fuel can be enhanced by an increase in the blowing rate of the substitute reducing agent and fuel. That is, the present invention is applicable to other such reactors in addition to the blast furnace or the gasification reactor. In addition to gasification reactors and blast furnaces, such reactors can also be, for example, shaft furnaces and cupolas, fluidized beds, hot gas generators and combustion chambers, optionally by means of electrical energy, such as SAF (submerged arc furnace) or EAF ( Electric arc furnace) equipment. However, gasification reactors, especially blast furnaces, are a particularly preferred application of the method of the present invention. Because in this case, small changes to existing equipment can significantly improve efficiency.
較佳用至少一較佳伸入風口或者反應器或專用輸氣管之相應空間的第一吹入噴槍來吹入該運載氣體及代用還原劑。藉由此種吹入噴槍便能將該代用還原劑及運載氣體很好地與熱風混合。作為替代方案，亦可例如透過風口中之單一的開口吹入該代用還原劑連同運載氣體。 Preferably, the carrier gas and the substitute reducing agent are blown by at least one first blowing lance that preferably extends into the tuyere or the corresponding space of the reactor or dedicated gas delivery tube. The substitute reducing agent and carrier gas can be well mixed with hot air by such a blowing gun. Alternatively, the surrogate reducing agent together with the carrier gas can also be blown, for example, through a single opening in the tuyere.
在此情況下，進一步較佳如此的將氧氣或含氧之氣體混合物吹入反應器，尤其是高爐，從而使該運載氣體及代用還原劑在該(等)第一吹入噴槍之連通區域內與該氧氣或含氧的氣體混合物聚集在一起。 In this case, it is further preferred to blow the oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture into the reactor, especially the blast furnace, so that the carrier gas and the substitute reducing agent are in the communication region of the first blowing gun Gathering with the oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture.
根據本發明的一種有利設計方案，該第一吹入噴槍具有一內管及一環繞該內管並形成環形間隙的外管，其中該代用還原劑連同運載氣體透過內管被導引，氧氣或含氧的氣體混合物透過該環形間隙被導引。 According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the first blowing lance has an inner tube and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube and forming an annular gap, wherein the substitute reducing agent is guided along with the carrier gas through the inner tube, oxygen or The oxygen-containing gas mixture is guided through the annular gap.
透過此種方式，被吹入的代用還原劑在離開第一吹入噴槍後直接被純氧氣或含氧氣體包圍。由此使得對於該氣化反應而言重要的反應物氧氣、代用還原劑及位於運載氣體中的燃料氣體在第一吹入噴槍的連通區域內，在代用還原劑連同運載氣體的吹入束與氧氣之間對於反應的開始而言重要的界面上聚集在一起。 In this way, the submerged reducing agent that is blown in is directly surrounded by pure oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas after leaving the first blowing lance. Thereby, the reactant oxygen, the substitute reducing agent and the fuel gas located in the carrier gas which are important for the gasification reaction are in the communication region of the first blowing lance, and the blowing agent of the substitute reducing agent together with the carrier gas is Oxygen is brought together at an interface that is important for the beginning of the reaction.
所需的反應能量一方面由源於反應器(尤其是高爐)之反應室的回射提供，另一方面由隨後開始之氣化反應自身來提供。其中尤佳採用某種燃料氣體，其用於觸發氣化反應的能量需求極小。因此，一氧化碳及氫氣相對於二氧化碳及水蒸氣較為有利，因其用於觸發氣化反應所需之溫度更低。 The required reaction energy is provided on the one hand by retroreflection from the reaction chamber of the reactor, in particular the blast furnace, and on the other hand by the subsequent gasification reaction itself. It is particularly preferred to use a fuel gas that has minimal energy requirements for triggering the gasification reaction. Therefore, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are advantageous relative to carbon dioxide and water vapor because of the lower temperatures required to trigger the gasification reaction.
根據一種有利的替代設計方案，該第一吹入噴槍由一用來導引代用還原劑及運載氣體之單管構成。氧氣或含氧氣體則較佳透過另一 途徑，例如透過額外的氣體噴槍-第二吹入噴槍，或者透過熱風通道經由風口輸送給風口內的代用還原劑。 According to an advantageous alternative, the first blowing lance is formed by a single tube for guiding the substitute reducing agent and the carrier gas. Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas is preferably passed through another Routes, for example, through an additional gas lance - the second blown into the lance, or through the hot blast channel through the tuyere to the surrogate reductant in the tuyere.
透過此種方式亦可使氣化反應的所有反應物在吹入噴槍的連通區域內聚集在一起，儘管上述採用同心管道的有利實施方式實現了對代用還原劑、運載氣體及氧氣的可控性更強、效率更高的輸送。 In this way, all of the reactants of the gasification reaction can also be brought together in the connected region of the blowing lance, although the advantageous embodiment of the concentric conduit described above achieves controllability for alternative reducing agents, carrier gases and oxygen. Stronger, more efficient delivery.
根據本發明的第二態樣，本發明亦有關於一種以密集流法藉由運載氣體，將粉末狀的代用還原劑以氣動方式吹入反應器，尤其是氣化反應器，或者透過風口吹入高爐的方法，從而使該代用還原劑在氣化反應中氣化，其中透過第一吹入噴槍吹入該代用還原劑連同運載氣體，其中透過該第一吹入噴槍向該反應器輸送該代用還原劑及運載氣體以及氧氣，該氧氣在第一吹入噴槍的連通區域內與該代用還原劑及運載氣體聚集在一起。其中該第一吹入噴槍較佳具有第一內管及一環繞其佈置的第二管道，由此在該第一及第二管道之間形成圍繞該第一管道的環形間隙，其中該代用還原劑及運載氣體透過該第一管道被導引，該氧氣透過該環形間隙被導引。其中根據該態樣，該運載氣體具有成分或其氧化成分至少部分參與了氣化反應的燃料氣體。就本發明之第二態樣所述方法而言，透過使該燃料氣體立即與氧氣接觸，來相對此前一般性闡述之方法減小點燃所需之能量閾值。在此情況下，例如亦可高效地將水蒸氣或二氧化碳用作燃料氣體。 According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a method for pneumatically blowing a powdered substitute reducing agent into a reactor, in particular a gasification reactor, or by a tuyere by means of a carrier gas in a dense flow process. a method of entering a blast furnace to vaporize the substitute reducing agent in a gasification reaction, wherein the substitute reducing agent is blown through the first blowing lance together with the carrier gas, wherein the first blowing lance is delivered to the reactor The reducing agent and the carrier gas and oxygen are used in combination with the substitute reducing agent and carrier gas in the communication region of the first insufflation lance. Wherein the first blowing lance preferably has a first inner tube and a second tube disposed around it, thereby forming an annular gap around the first tube between the first and second tubes, wherein the substitute is reduced The agent and carrier gas are directed through the first conduit, the oxygen being directed through the annular gap. According to this aspect, the carrier gas has a fuel gas in which the component or its oxidizing component is at least partially involved in the gasification reaction. In the method of the second aspect of the invention, the energy threshold required for ignition is reduced relative to the previously described method by bringing the fuel gas into contact with oxygen immediately. In this case, for example, water vapor or carbon dioxide can be efficiently used as the fuel gas.
在透過形成環形間隙的第二管道額外地輸送氧氣的情況下，實現了該代用還原劑之極佳氣化。 Excellent gasification of the substitute reducing agent is achieved in the case where oxygen is additionally supplied through the second conduit forming the annular gap.
較佳可採用多個第一吹入噴槍。作為替代方案及補充方案，較佳可採用多個第二吹入噴槍。在此情況下，多個第一及/或第二吹入噴槍可設置在一或多個風口中。 Preferably, a plurality of first blowing lances can be employed. As an alternative and in addition, a plurality of second blowing lances are preferably employed. In this case, a plurality of first and/or second blowing lances may be provided in one or more tuyères.
根據另一有利方案，在該第一吹入噴槍的連通區域內對所輸送之氧氣或含氧氣體及/或所輸送之代用還原劑的流動，進行混合或攪 動。為此，較佳透過一渦流結構來促進該代用還原劑及運載氣體與氧氣之混合。 According to another advantageous embodiment, the flow of the delivered oxygen or oxygen-containing gas and/or the substituted reducing agent delivered is mixed or stirred in the communication region of the first insufflation lance. move. To this end, it is preferred to promote the mixing of the substitute reducing agent and the carrier gas with oxygen through a vortex structure.
反應室中之紊流促進反應物之彼此融合，從而提高被吹入之代用還原劑之氣化的速度及效率。 The turbulence in the reaction chamber promotes the fusion of the reactants to each other, thereby increasing the rate and efficiency of vaporization of the substituted reducing agent to be blown.
為此，該第一吹入噴槍較佳具有一渦流結構，用來在第一吹入噴槍之區域內促進代用還原劑及燃料氣體與氧氣的混合。此種渦流結構例如為位於該第一吹入噴槍之連通區域內的導流板結構。亦可採用其他渦流結構，其作為攪動氧氣的替代或補充方案，而對該代用還原劑或熱風進行攪動。此類結構原則上獨立於吹入噴槍，但結合吹入噴槍時尤其高效。 To this end, the first blowing lance preferably has a vortex structure for promoting the mixing of the reducing agent and the fuel gas with oxygen in the region of the first blowing lance. Such a vortex structure is, for example, a baffle structure located in the communication region of the first insufflation lance. Other vortex structures may also be employed, which may be used as an alternative or supplement to agitating oxygen to agitate the substitute reducing agent or hot air. Such a structure is in principle independent of the blowing of the spray gun, but is particularly efficient when combined with blowing into the spray gun.
透過本發明，尤其是其較佳實施方式，遂能防止迄今為止所使用之惰性運載氣體氮氣對代用還原劑的氣化反應所造成的反應抑制及延遲作用。由此加快代用還原劑的氣化反應速度。透過額外地使用在吹入噴槍之連通區域輸送的純氧或含氧氣體混合物，可進一步增強此種效果，並進一步加快反應速度。加快氣化反應的另一重要原因在於被吹入的代用還原劑在離開吹入噴槍，例如進入高爐的熱風流中後被較早地點燃。為實現此點，有針對性地充分利用了以下物理現象：包裹被吹入之代用還原劑的氧氣或含氧氣體混合物具有透熱輻射性，而運載氣體從中吸收輻射。在此情形下，源於反應器，例如源於熱風、風口壁及渦流區的熱輻射幾乎不受阻礙地穿過氧氣包裹層，並在氧氣-代用還原劑與燃料氣體的界面上釋放能量，該能量用於代用還原劑的點燃。該可用於代用還原劑點燃的能量由此被在正確的部位，即在該界面上，由於其中所進行的輻射吸收而釋放給代用還原劑的粉塵狀的顆粒以及參與氣化反應的燃料氣體。 Through the present invention, especially its preferred embodiment, it is possible to prevent the reaction inhibition and retardation caused by the gasification reaction of the inert carrier gas nitrogen used herein to the substitute reducing agent. This accelerates the gasification reaction rate of the substitute reducing agent. This effect can be further enhanced by additionally using a mixture of pure oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas delivered in a communication region blown into the lance, and further speeding up the reaction. Another important reason for accelerating the gasification reaction is that the submerged reducing agent that is blown in is ignited earlier after exiting the hot air stream that is blown into the lance, such as into the blast furnace. To achieve this, the following physical phenomena are utilized in a targeted manner: the oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixture of the substitute reducing agent that is blown into the package has a heat-radiating radiation from which the carrier gas absorbs radiation. In this case, the heat radiation originating from the reactor, such as from the hot air, the tuyere wall and the vortex zone, passes through the oxygen envelope almost unimpeded and releases energy at the interface of the oxygen-substitute reducing agent and the fuel gas. This energy is used to ignite the reductant. The energy that can be used to ignite the reducing agent is thereby released to the dusty particles of the surrogate reducing agent and the fuel gas participating in the gasification reaction at the correct location, i.e. at the interface, due to the absorption of radiation carried out therein.
由於在吹入反應器，尤其是高爐的風口及渦流區的過程中，該代用還原劑用於其氣化的停留時間不變，本發明以及尤其是其較佳實 施方式提高了可能的最大吹入速率，同時減小了根據焦煤/煤交換係數的焦比，從而降低了高爐工作的燃料成本。 Since the residence reducing agent is used for the residence time of its gasification during blowing into the reactor, in particular the tuyere and vortex zone of the blast furnace, the invention and especially its preferred The application method increases the maximum blow-in rate possible while reducing the coke ratio according to the coking coal/coal exchange coefficient, thereby reducing the fuel cost of the blast furnace operation.
根據本方法的另一較佳設計方案，該所輸送之代用還原劑及/或運載氣體及/或較佳輸送之氧氣或含氧氣體被預加熱至100℃與950℃之間的溫度。 According to another preferred embodiment of the method, the delivered reducing agent and/or carrier gas and/or preferably oxygen or oxygen-containing gas are preheated to a temperature between 100 ° C and 950 ° C.
對反應物之預加熱額外地加快了代用還原劑的氣化，這是因為省去了吹入反應室(風口及渦流區)後反應物的加熱時間，從而總體上加快了氣化反應，如此又能提高可轉化之代用還原劑的吹入速率。 Preheating of the reactants additionally accelerates the gasification of the surrogate reducing agent by eliminating the heating time of the reactants after blowing into the reaction chamber (the tuyere and the vortex zone), thereby generally accelerating the gasification reaction, thus In addition, the rate of infiltration of the convertible substitute reducing agent can be increased.
根據另一較佳方案，在吹入反應器，尤其是高爐的過程中，向運載氣體加載代用還原劑的操作能夠在較大的範圍內進行變化並根據反應進行調整。透過改變代用還原劑量與燃料氣體量的比例，可設置對於代用還原劑的氣化而言最優的比例，該比例可能因反應器，尤其是高爐或氣化反應器的相應工作狀態、其單獨的設計方案、所用的原材料以及環境條件而有所不同。 According to another preferred embodiment, the operation of loading the carrier gas with a substitute reducing agent during the blowing into the reactor, especially the blast furnace, can be varied over a wide range and adjusted according to the reaction. By varying the ratio of the substitute reducing dose to the amount of fuel gas, an optimum ratio for the gasification of the substitute reducing agent can be set, which may be due to the corresponding working state of the reactor, especially the blast furnace or the gasification reactor, and its individual The design, raw materials used and environmental conditions vary.
根據本發明之方法的另一有利方案，該代用還原劑的噴出速度及/或吹入量以及/或者從吹入噴槍噴出的氧氣的噴出速度及/或量能夠在較大的範圍內進行變化並根據反應進行調節。透過此種方式，作為上述為代用還原劑的氣化反應而改變向運載氣體加載代用還原劑量之操作的替代或補充方案，可結合燃料氣體及氧氣(需要時)設置最優的比例，該比例可能因反應器，尤其是高爐或氣化反應器的相應上作狀態而有所不同。此點尤其意味著，在預設氧氣噴出速度及/或量的情況下，在考慮反應的同時能夠改變氧氣的噴出速度及/或量，以便設置對於代用還原劑的氣化反應最優的參數。 According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the discharge rate and/or the amount of insufflation of the substitute reducing agent and/or the rate and/or the amount of oxygen ejected from the injecting lance can be varied over a wide range. And adjust according to the reaction. In this way, as an alternative or in addition to the above-described operation of substituting a reducing agent for the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent, it is possible to combine the fuel gas and oxygen (when required) to set an optimum ratio, which ratio It may vary depending on the state of the reactor, especially the blast furnace or the gasification reactor. In particular, this means that, in the case of a preset oxygen injection rate and/or amount, the oxygen injection rate and/or amount can be varied while taking into account the reaction in order to set the optimum parameters for the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent. .
根據反應器，例如高爐，尤其是風口及吹入機構或氣化反應器的構造類型，以及根據所用的燃料氣體，能夠以可見的方式優化該運載氣體的加載，即燃料氣體與代用還原劑之間的質量流量比。當代用 還原劑與燃料氣體共同發生反應時，尤其在向反應室輸送氧氣的情況下會產生發光現象。可提高代用還原劑的輸送量，直至該發光現象消失。為了最大限度地增大待加入的代用還原劑的量，可如此地設置燃料氣體及/或氧氣(需要時)的輸送量，以及代用還原劑、燃料氣體及/或氧氣(需要時)的噴出速度，從而在儘可能高的代用還原劑輸送量的情況下觀察到該發光現象。 Depending on the type of construction of the reactor, for example the blast furnace, in particular the tuyere and the blowing mechanism or the gasification reactor, and depending on the fuel gas used, the loading of the carrier gas, ie the fuel gas and the substitute reducing agent, can be optimized in a visible manner. The mass flow ratio between. Contemporary use When the reducing agent reacts with the fuel gas, especially when oxygen is supplied to the reaction chamber, luminescence occurs. The amount of the reducing agent can be increased until the luminescence disappears. In order to maximize the amount of the substitute reducing agent to be added, the delivery amount of the fuel gas and/or oxygen (when required) may be set as such, and the discharge of the reducing agent, the fuel gas and/or the oxygen (if necessary) may be substituted. The velocities are thus observed with the highest possible amount of surrogate delivery.
在不出現或無法觀察到發光現象的實施方式中，原則上可根據反應過程，尤其是高爐反應過程的工作參數，找到實現代用還原劑的最大輸送量所需的燃料氣體及/或氧氣(需要時)的輸送量以及代用還原劑、燃料氣體及/或氧氣(需要時)的噴出速度的最優設置。 In embodiments in which no luminescence is observed or observed, in principle, the fuel gas and/or oxygen required to achieve the maximum throughput of the surrogate reducing agent can be found according to the reaction process, in particular the operating parameters of the blast furnace reaction process (required) The amount of delivery and the optimum setting of the discharge rate of the reducing agent, fuel gas and/or oxygen (when required).
該燃料氣體較佳由天然氣、高爐煤氣、焦爐煤氣或煉焦廠煤氣、轉爐爐氣或者另一共生氣體或其混合物構成。尤其是高爐煤氣及焦爐煤氣是易於從高爐設備環境中大量獲得的燃料氣體，因此從設備技術角度上講尤其適合用作燃料氣體。此外，該等氣體還含有大量自身或透過其氧化成分參與了代用還原劑的氣化反應的成分。 The fuel gas preferably consists of natural gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas or coke plant gas, converter furnace gas or another commensal gas or a mixture thereof. In particular, blast furnace gas and coke oven gas are fuel gases that are easily obtained in large quantities from the blast furnace equipment environment, and thus are particularly suitable as fuel gases from the viewpoint of equipment technology. Further, the gases also contain a large amount of components which participate in the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent by itself or through the oxidizing component thereof.
尤其是二氧化碳及水蒸氣對其作為燃料氣體之應用具有較高的反應條件要求。因為與一氧化碳或氫氣相比，該等成分需要較多的能量方能從該等分子中吸取氧成分並從而為代用還原劑之氣化創造有利的氣體環境。因而較佳在以下情況下使用該等燃料氣體：額外地在吹入噴槍(在設有時)之連通區域內輸入儘可能高濃度的氧氣。 In particular, carbon dioxide and water vapor have high reaction conditions for their use as fuel gases. Because these components require more energy than carbon monoxide or hydrogen to extract oxygen from the molecules and thereby create a favorable gas environment for the gasification of the surrogate. It is therefore preferred to use the fuel gases in the following cases: additionally to input as high a concentration of oxygen as possible in the connected region of the blowing lance (when provided).
本發明之方法，尤其是其較佳實施方式總體上從工藝技術、能源或節約性方面上改善了高爐反應過程以及相關過程。 The method of the present invention, and particularly its preferred embodiment, generally improves the blast furnace reaction process and associated processes in terms of process technology, energy, or economy.
本發明之用於實施上述方法的裝置包括用於將代用還原劑吹入反應器，尤其是氣化反應器或高爐風口的吹入噴槍、用於容納運載氣體及/或代用還原劑的容器，以及用於將代用還原劑自該容器輸送至吹入噴槍的輸送管。該裝置之特徵在於，其還具有一燃料氣體輸送裝 置，用來向位於該吹入噴槍上游的運載氣體輸送燃料氣體。 The apparatus for carrying out the above method of the present invention comprises a blown lance for blowing a substitute reducing agent into a reactor, in particular a gasification reactor or a blast furnace tuyere, a vessel for containing a carrier gas and/or a substitute reducing agent, And a transfer tube for transporting the substitute reducing agent from the container to the blowing lance. The device is characterized in that it also has a fuel gas delivery device And arranged to deliver fuel gas to the carrier gas located upstream of the blowing lance.
本發明之裝置具有一燃料氣體輸送裝置，透過該燃料氣體輸送裝置，除另一用於運輸代用還原劑的氣體外，還能以可定義的重量比例向運載氣體輸送燃料氣體。該燃料氣體輸送裝置佈置在該吹入噴槍的上游區域，從而該運載氣體連同燃料氣體能夠透過該吹入噴槍被吹入反應器，尤其是高爐的風口或氣化反應器中。原則上，可將所有位置的燃料氣體沿該輸送管在吹入噴槍的上游或在容器中輸送給運載氣體。該燃料氣體輸送裝置與吹入噴槍的距離越近，該佈置就在安全技術方面上越有利。此外，該輸送距吹入噴槍越近，輸送所需的壓力就越小。其中，該燃料氣體輸送裝置較佳佈置在輸送管上，且其中燃料氣體輸送裝置沿輸送管至吹入噴槍的距離小於沿輸送管至容器的距離，而該代用還原劑連同運載氣體的其他氣體(需要時)被儲存在該容器中。該燃料氣體輸送裝置較佳直接佈置在吹入噴槍前方。對於具有分配裝置的輸送管系統，該燃料氣體輸送裝置進一步較佳佈置在該分配裝置的下游。 The apparatus of the present invention has a fuel gas delivery device through which a fuel gas can be delivered to the carrier gas in a definable weight ratio in addition to another gas for transporting the reducing agent. The fuel gas delivery device is arranged in an upstream region of the insufflation lance such that the carrier gas, together with the fuel gas, can be blown into the reactor through the blowing lance, in particular in the tuyere of the blast furnace or in the gasification reactor. In principle, all positions of fuel gas can be supplied to the carrier gas along the conveying pipe upstream of the blowing lance or in the container. The closer the fuel gas delivery device is to the blowing lance, the more advantageous the arrangement is in terms of safety technology. In addition, the closer the delivery is to the lance, the less pressure is required to deliver it. Wherein, the fuel gas delivery device is preferably disposed on the delivery tube, and wherein the distance of the fuel gas delivery device from the delivery tube to the injection lance is less than the distance from the delivery tube to the container, and the substitute reducing agent together with other gases carrying the gas (when needed) is stored in the container. The fuel gas delivery device is preferably arranged directly in front of the insufflation lance. For a duct system having a dispensing device, the fuel gas delivery device is further preferably arranged downstream of the dispensing device.
本發明的其他特徵及優點參閱申請權利範圍之整體及隨後之附圖說明。 Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the appended claims.
1‧‧‧關閉閥 1‧‧‧Close valve
2‧‧‧氣閘 2‧‧‧ air lock
3‧‧‧吹入容器 3‧‧‧Blow in the container
4‧‧‧液化容器 4‧‧‧Liquidization container
5‧‧‧輸送管 5‧‧‧ delivery tube
6‧‧‧第一吹入噴槍 6‧‧‧First blown into the spray gun
7‧‧‧風口 7‧‧‧ vents
8‧‧‧風環 8‧‧‧Wind ring
9‧‧‧輸送管 9‧‧‧ delivery tube
10‧‧‧靜態分配器 10‧‧‧Static distributor
11‧‧‧容器 11‧‧‧ Container
12‧‧‧分配容器 12‧‧‧Distribution container
13‧‧‧過濾器 13‧‧‧Filter
14‧‧‧氣體調節閥 14‧‧‧ gas regulating valve
15‧‧‧粉塵調節閥 15‧‧‧dust control valve
16‧‧‧第一吹入噴槍 16‧‧‧First blown into the spray gun
17‧‧‧第二吹入噴槍 17‧‧‧Second blown into the spray gun
100‧‧‧第一吹入設備 100‧‧‧First blowing equipment
200‧‧‧吹入設備 200‧‧‧Insufflation equipment
300‧‧‧吹入設備 300‧‧‧Blowing equipment
圖1a至1c為用於高爐之較佳吹入設備的示意圖以及該吹入設備的部分細節圖；圖2為另一較佳之吹入設備，其具有一靜態分配器；及圖3為另一較佳之吹入設備，其具有一分配容器以取代靜態分配器。 1a to 1c are schematic views of a preferred blowing device for a blast furnace and a partial detail view of the blowing device; Fig. 2 is another preferred blowing device having a static distributor; and Fig. 3 is another A preferred insufflation device has a dispensing container in place of the static dispenser.
在下面的附圖說明中，相同或相應的元件係用相同之元件符號表示，不再重複進行說明。結合一種實施方式所描述的特徵原則上亦 可透過另一實施方式得以實現。此點尤其適用於影響流動之元件，如閥門、節流閥或分配器的佈置與設計方案，以及適用於將代用還原劑吹入風口之機構的設計方案。 In the following description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description will not be repeated. The features described in connection with an embodiment are also in principle also This can be achieved by another embodiment. This applies in particular to components that influence flow, such as the arrangement and design of valves, throttles or distributors, and the design of mechanisms suitable for blowing alternative reducing agents into the tuyères.
圖1a為較佳之第一吹入設備100的示意圖。該吹入設備100包括風口7，用來將熱風從風環8吹入高爐。在該風口7中佈置有一較佳構建為同軸粉塵與氣體吹入噴槍的吹入噴槍6，其用於以密集流法，向熱風輸送由代用還原劑及具有燃料氣體的運載氣體構成的第一流，及具有氧氣或含氧氣體的第二流。 Figure 1a is a schematic illustration of a preferred first insufflation device 100. The blowing device 100 includes a tuyere 7 for blowing hot air from the wind ring 8 into the blast furnace. Arranged in the tuyere 7 is a blow-in lance 6 preferably constructed as a coaxial dust and a gas blown into the spray gun for conveying a first stream of a substitute reducing agent and a carrier gas having a fuel gas to the hot air by a dense flow method. And a second stream having oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas.
該吹入噴槍6在所示的實施方式中與運輸單管5連接，該運輸單管用於將代用還原劑從吹入容器3經由液化容器4輸送到吹入噴槍6。在高爐設備中較佳可設有多個吹入噴槍6、運輸單管5及視情況之液化容器4，以便儘可能均勻地將儘可能多的代用還原劑吹入高爐。 In the embodiment shown, the blowing lance 6 is connected to a transport single tube 5 for transporting a substitute reducing agent from the blowing container 3 via the liquefaction container 4 to the blowing lance 6 . Preferably, a plurality of blowing lances 6, a transport unit 5 and optionally a liquefaction vessel 4 are provided in the blast furnace plant in order to blow as much of the substitute reducing agent as possible into the blast furnace as uniformly as possible.
如圖1a所示，在吹入容器3上游設有氣閘2，其用於向處於壓力下的吹入容器3以可選的方式輸送代用還原劑，並將其重新注滿。該氣閘2例如可在環境壓力下，使用煤灰或其他代用還原劑進行填充，該氣閘2被提昇至吹入容器3的輸送壓力，隨後將代用還原劑排入吹入容器3。為控制該過程，圖1a中在氣閘2的下游及上游各佈置一關閉閥1，其中可對本說明書中示例性地提及之閥門及其他影響流動之元件進行補充、變更、替換，亦可將其部分省略。 As shown in Fig. 1a, an air lock 2 is provided upstream of the blow-in container 3 for selectively delivering the substitute reducing agent to the blow-in container 3 under pressure and refilling it. The damper 2 can be filled, for example, under ambient pressure, using coal ash or other alternative reducing agent, which is lifted to the delivery pressure of the blowing container 3, and then the substitute reducing agent is discharged into the blowing container 3. In order to control the process, a shut-off valve 1 is arranged downstream and upstream of the air lock 2 in FIG. 1a, wherein the valve and other components affecting the flow, which are exemplarily mentioned in the present specification, may be supplemented, changed, replaced, or Partially omitted.
圖1a中用“A”表示之部位係指某些地點，在該等地點上能夠往系統輸入例如運載氣體及/或燃料氣體。在圖1a所示的實施方式中，用“B”表示之位於第一關閉閥1上游的部位上，係將代用還原劑或燃料送入該系統。 The portion indicated by "A" in Figure 1a refers to locations at which, for example, carrier gas and/or fuel gas can be input to the system. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a, the portion indicated by "B" located upstream of the first shut-off valve 1 is fed to the system by a substitute reducing agent or fuel.
在運輸單管5之部位“A”的區域內，可向運載氣體較佳添加燃料氣體，因此，該運載氣體的至少2wt%由燃料氣體構成，該燃料氣體的成分或其氧化成分至少部分地參與了風口7及高爐中代用還原劑 的氣化反應。該燃料氣體較佳可在運輸單管5的一或兩個用“A”表示之部位上輸入系統，從而使位於該部位下游的運載氣體的至少2wt%由該燃料氣體構成，其餘部分由另一氣體或氣體混合物構成，從而為後續的氣化實現了尤其高效的代用還原劑的吹入。 In the region of the portion "A" of the transport single pipe 5, a fuel gas may be preferably added to the carrier gas, and therefore, at least 2 wt% of the carrier gas is composed of a fuel gas, and a component of the fuel gas or an oxidized component thereof is at least partially Participated in the replacement of reducing agent in the tuyere 7 and blast furnace Gasification reaction. Preferably, the fuel gas is supplied to the system at one or both of the points of the transport unit 5 indicated by "A" such that at least 2% by weight of the carrier gas located downstream of the portion is comprised of the fuel gas and the remainder is A gas or gas mixture is formed to achieve a particularly efficient insufflation of the surrogate reducing agent for subsequent gasification.
在圖1a所示的實施方式中，在吹入噴槍6上游之用“C”表示之部位上向吹入噴槍6供應氧氣。圖1a所示實施方式中的吹入噴槍6較佳如此設計，從而透過一中央管道向風口7內輸入代用還原劑及至少2wt%由燃料氣體構成的運載氣體，其中該管道被一環形間隙環繞，透過該環形間隙將氧氣或含氧氣體作為運載氣體之包裹流吹入風口7中。 In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a, oxygen is supplied to the blowing lance 6 at a portion indicated by "C" upstream of the blowing lance 6. The blowing lance 6 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a is preferably designed such that a substitute reducing agent and at least 2% by weight of a carrier gas composed of fuel gas are introduced into the tuyere 7 through a central duct, wherein the duct is surrounded by an annular gap. An oxygen or oxygen-containing gas is blown into the tuyere 7 as a carrier gas of the carrier gas through the annular gap.
該吹入噴槍6的此種設計方案實現了尤其高效的氣化反應，該氣化反應由此而尤其快速地進行並很早開始反應，從而能夠加入大量的代用還原劑並節約大量高價、昂貴的高爐焦煤。 This design of the insufflation lance 6 achieves a particularly efficient gasification reaction, which in this way proceeds particularly quickly and starts the reaction very early, so that a large number of alternative reducing agents can be added and a large amount of expensive and expensive is saved. Blast furnace coking coal.
圖1b示出吹入機構的一種替代實施方式，該吹入機構具有一單一的粉塵吹入噴槍16及一單一的氣體吹入噴槍17。代用還原劑連同運載氣體被透過該粉塵吹入噴槍16，而氧氣則透過氣體吹入噴槍17吹入風口7中。 Figure 1b shows an alternative embodiment of a blowing mechanism having a single dust blowing lance 16 and a single gas blowing lance 17. The substitute reducing agent together with the carrier gas is blown into the lance 16 through the dust, and the oxygen is blown into the tuyere 7 through the gas blowing into the lance 17.
較佳在該單一粉塵吹入噴槍16上游，在用“A”表示之部位上向代用還原劑及運載氣體輸送燃料氣體。亦可如此設置，即該輸送系統中先前已含有燃料氣體，而該代用還原劑在圖1b所示位置的上游較遠處就開始透過已經部分或全部含有燃料氣體的運載氣體進行輸送。 Preferably, the single dust is blown into the upstream of the lance 16 to deliver the fuel gas to the substitute reducing agent and the carrier gas at the portion indicated by "A". It may also be provided that the delivery system already contains fuel gas previously, and the substitute reducing agent is transported through a carrier gas that already contains part or all of the fuel gas at a distance upstream of the position shown in Figure 1b.
圖1c示出另一較佳的實施方式，該實施方式中僅設置了一單一的粉塵吹入噴槍16，毋需將氧氣吹入。其中，可透過熱風之相應富集而經由風環8輸送氧氣，或者不經專門的富集處理而從熱風中提取，以進行代用還原劑的氣化反應。 Figure 1c shows a further preferred embodiment in which only a single dust blowing lance 16 is provided, without the need to blow oxygen. Among them, oxygen can be transported through the wind ring 8 through the corresponding enrichment of the hot air, or can be extracted from the hot air without special enrichment treatment to carry out the gasification reaction of the substitute reducing agent.
圖2示出吹入設備200的一種替代實施方式。 FIG. 2 shows an alternate embodiment of the blowing device 200.
與根據圖1a的吹入設備不同的是，圖2示出不具獨立氣閘之吹入設備200。但在圖2所示實施方式中亦可設置此種獨立氣閘。在該吹入設備200中設置特別是兩個獨立的吹入容器3，其中亦可設置多於兩個的吹入容器3。該代用還原劑及運載氣體以類似圖1a所示實施方式之方式，自該吹入容器3透過液化容器4進入管路系統。 In contrast to the blowing device according to Fig. 1a, Fig. 2 shows a blowing device 200 without an independent airlock. However, such an independent air lock can also be provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. In particular, two separate insufflation containers 3 are provided in the insufflation device 200, wherein more than two insufflation containers 3 can also be provided. The substitute reducing agent and carrier gas enter the piping system from the blowing container 3 through the liquefaction vessel 4 in a manner similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a.
該吹入設備200包括例如兩個總輸送管9。原則上亦可設置單獨一個總輸送管9或設置兩個以上總輸送管9。代用還原劑連同運載氣體透過該總輸送管9，從液化容器4到達靜態分配器10，在該分配器中將代用還原劑分配給多個運輸單管5。該運輸單管5隨後導引至吹入噴槍6，其中該吹入噴槍在吹入設備200中亦可結合圖1所述進行設計及改裝。 The blowing device 200 comprises, for example, two total ducts 9. In principle, a single main duct 9 or more than two main ducts 9 can also be provided. The surrogate reducing agent, along with the carrier gas, passes through the total delivery pipe 9 from the liquefaction vessel 4 to the static distributor 10 where the alternative reducing agent is distributed to the plurality of transport single tubes 5. The transport unit 5 is then guided to the blow-in lance 6, wherein the blow-in lance can also be designed and modified in the blow-in apparatus 200 as described in connection with FIG.
該等運輸單管5較佳各包括一節流閥，以便可靠地調整對待吹入代用還原劑的分配。作為替代方案及補充方案，該等運輸單管5亦可配有調節閥。 The transport single tubes 5 preferably each include a throttle valve to reliably adjust the dispensing of the reducing agent to be blown. As an alternative and in addition, the transport unit 5 can also be equipped with a regulating valve.
尤佳在該等運輸單管5之用“A”表示的部位上向運載氣體添加燃料氣體。原則上亦可在該部位的上游，即例如在總輸送管9的區域或者直接向吹入容器3輸送燃料氣體。但出於安全技術的原因，較佳在上游儘可能遠的部位向運載氣體輸送燃料氣體。如此便能特別是將吹入設備之***風險保持在較低水平。 It is preferable to add a fuel gas to the carrier gas at a portion indicated by "A" of the transport single tubes 5. In principle, it is also possible to transport the fuel gas upstream of the location, for example in the region of the main duct 9 or directly to the blowing container 3 . However, for safety reasons, it is preferred to deliver fuel gas to the carrier gas as far as possible upstream. This will in particular keep the risk of explosions blowing into the equipment low.
圖3示出吹入設備300的一種較佳實施方式，其中，根據圖3的所述吹入設備300具有三個中間輸送容器11以取代上述兩種實施方式中的吹入容器3。 Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the insufflation device 300, wherein the insufflation device 300 according to Figure 3 has three intermediate delivery containers 11 in place of the insufflation containers 3 of the two embodiments described above.
代用還原劑及運載氣體從該中間輸送容器11透過總輸送管9到達分配容器12。從該分配容器12可透過液化容器4，以類似於上述實施方式的方法，將代用還原劑連同運載氣體經由運輸單管5導引至吹入噴槍6，以便吹入風口7中。在該實施方式中，亦可採用其他用於將代 用還原劑吹入風口7的機構來取代該吹入噴槍6。 The substitute reducing agent and carrier gas pass from the intermediate transfer container 11 through the total delivery tube 9 to the dispensing container 12. From the dispensing container 12, the liquefaction container 4 is permeable, and in a manner similar to the above-described embodiment, the substitute reducing agent together with the carrier gas is guided via the transport single tube 5 to the blowing lance 6 for blowing into the tuyere 7. In this embodiment, other means may be used for generation The blowing lance 6 is replaced by a mechanism in which the reducing agent is blown into the tuyere 7.
過量的氣體可從該分配容器12透過過濾器13下游的氣體調節閥14排放到環境中。此外，該吹入設備300的第三較佳實施方式也包含若干閥門，尤其是關閉閥1及粉塵調節閥15，以便能夠可靠地控制代用還原劑及運載氣體流。出於完整性的考慮特此說明：此類閥門，尤其是該粉塵調節閥15可設置在運輸單管5以及總輸送管9上。在本發明中，對閥門、容器及類似組件的佈置及設計方案以及氣體輸送系統的設計方案沒有特別的要求，該等佈置及設計方案可參閱原則上公知的吹入設備的專業設計。 Excess gas can be vented from the dispensing vessel 12 through the gas regulating valve 14 downstream of the filter 13 to the environment. Furthermore, the third preferred embodiment of the insufflation device 300 also includes a number of valves, in particular a shut-off valve 1 and a dust regulating valve 15, in order to be able to reliably control the alternative reducing agent and carrier gas flow. For the sake of completeness, it is explained here that such a valve, in particular the dust control valve 15, can be arranged on the transport unit 5 and the main duct 9. In the present invention, there are no special requirements for the arrangement and design of the valve, the container and the like, and the design of the gas delivery system. For the arrangement and design, reference can be made to the professional design of the blow-in device known in principle.
在圖3所示的實施方式中，尤佳在運輸單管5之用“A”表示的部位上向運載氣體輸送燃料氣體。亦可與圖1及2所示之前述實施方式類似之方式，在其他部位向系統輸入燃料氣體。例如在圖3中有多處用“A”表示之位置，在該位置上可向系統輸送燃料氣體。 In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, it is particularly preferable to transport the fuel gas to the carrier gas at the portion indicated by "A" of the transport single pipe 5. Fuel gas may be supplied to the system at other locations in a manner similar to the previous embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. For example, in Figure 3 there are a plurality of locations indicated by "A" at which fuel gas can be delivered to the system.
前述各實施方式示出三種示例性之從設備技術角度實施本發明之方法的方案。本發明不限於吹入設備的上述特殊設計方案，而是亦可應用於其他類型之裝置。 The foregoing embodiments show three exemplary solutions for implementing the method of the present invention from a device technology perspective. The invention is not limited to the above-described special design of the blowing device, but can also be applied to other types of devices.
特定言之，可針對每個吹入噴槍個別選擇該(等)吹入噴槍之設計方案並加以組合，其中當然亦可將圖1所示之示例性實施方式應用於圖2及圖3所示實施方式中並進行任意組合。 In particular, the design of the blowing gun can be individually selected and combined for each blowing gun. Of course, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can also be applied to FIGS. 2 and 3. In the embodiment, any combination is made.
藉由上述吹入設備能夠良好地應用本發明之方法。如此便能顯著降低高爐反應過程中或氣化反應器中之燃料成本，這是因為本發明能夠更快地進行氣化反應並更早地發生反應，從而相比先前技術中的方法，將更多的代用還原劑吹入高爐或反應器中。 The method of the present invention can be suitably applied by the above-described blowing device. In this way, the fuel cost in the blast furnace reaction or in the gasification reactor can be significantly reduced, because the present invention enables the gasification reaction to proceed more quickly and reacts earlier, thereby being more advanced than the prior art method. A large number of alternative reducing agents are blown into the blast furnace or reactor.
1‧‧‧關閉閥 1‧‧‧Close valve
2‧‧‧氣閘 2‧‧‧ air lock
3‧‧‧吹入容器 3‧‧‧Blow in the container
4‧‧‧液化容器 4‧‧‧Liquidization container
5‧‧‧輸送管 5‧‧‧ delivery tube
6‧‧‧第一吹入噴槍 6‧‧‧First blown into the spray gun
7‧‧‧風口 7‧‧‧ vents
8‧‧‧風環 8‧‧‧Wind ring
100‧‧‧第一吹入設備 100‧‧‧First blowing equipment
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| DE102014216336.6A DE102014216336A1 (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2014-08-18 | Process for injecting replacement reductants into a blast furnace |
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| TW201612320A TW201612320A (en) | 2016-04-01 |
| TWI596212B true TWI596212B (en) | 2017-08-21 |
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| US (1) | US10472689B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3183369B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6356347B2 (en) |
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| US11377612B2 (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2022-07-05 | Omnis Advanced Technologies, LLC | Gaseous combustible fuel containing suspended solid fuel particles |
| DE102018113774A1 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | Aktien-Gesellschaft der Dillinger Hüttenwerke | Apparatus and method for introducing a replacement reducing agent into a blast furnace |
| JP7105708B2 (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2022-07-25 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Method for determining injection amount of reducing gas and method for operating blast furnace |
| JP7365575B2 (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2023-10-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Continuous ore feeding device |
| JP7028367B1 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-03-02 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Blast furnace operation method and blast furnace ancillary equipment |
| DE102021202698A1 (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-22 | Küttner Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method of injecting a powdery substitute reducing agent and a reducing gas into a blast furnace |
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- 2015-07-03 KR KR1020177007290A patent/KR101978862B1/en active IP Right Review Request
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| KR101978862B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
| BR112017003187A2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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| PL3183369T3 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
| BR112017003187B1 (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| UA117308C2 (en) | 2018-07-10 |
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